Professional Documents
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( (Bancassurance) )
( (Bancassurance) )
Bancassurance
Introduction
Bancassurance" is a buzzword in todays financial markets. What is
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Bancassurance
their income from the difference between the rate they charge on their
lending and the interest they pay for deposits. Competition had thinned
their profit margins. Mergers and acquisitions emerged as the driving
force for banking success during the last two decades. Buy and Cut
were the prime concern for shareholder value. However, as time passed,
there was little that the banks could offer their customers in terms of
differentiated retail products. They were struggling to find ways to
increase revenue. They had succeeded in stabilizing costs, but their
revenue growth had collapsed. The challenge to the banks was to find
ways and means to retain their customers, one by one. Banks had to
identify what the customers needed, what they were worth and what it
could do better to increase this worth. One way to resolve this issue was
to find a combination of products, all of them quite useful to the
customers, price them suitably and embark on a mass distribution. Today,
Europe leads the world in bancassurance. 30% of Europes life products
are sold through banks, with Spain leading at 70%. In Asia Singapore,
Taiwan and Hong Kong have surged ahead in bancassurance, with India
and China taking tentative steps towards it. In the Middle East, only
Saudi Arabia made some feeble attempts which failed to take off.
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Bancassurance
What is Bancassurance?
Bancassurance is the distribution of insurance products through the
bank's distribution channel. It is a phenomenon wherein insurance
products are offered through the distribution channels of the banking
services along with a complete range of banking and investment products
and services. To put it simply, Bancassurance, tries to exploit synergies
between both the insurance companies and banks.
Definition
Bancassurance, known as Alliance and most popular in Europe is
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History
The first countries to venture into the field were Spain and France.
In the early 70s, ACM (Assurances due Credit Mutual) Vie et IARD (life
and general insurance) were officially authorized to start operations, a
watershed event in the history of insurance. It was their idea to bypass the
middleman for loan protection insurance and to insure their own banking
customers themselves. They thus became the precursors of what 15
years later would become bancassurance. For their part, the Spanish
began their adventure in the early 1980s, when the BANCO DE BILBAO
Group acquired a majority stake in EUROSEGUROS SA (originally LA
VASCA ASEGURADORA SA, incorporated in 1968). However, their
control was initially only financial, since Spanish law prohibited banks
from selling life insurance. This legal barrier was removed in 1991.
Today, the top five Spanish bancassurance companies control one third of
the market. From a purely historical point of view, the real pioneers were
the British with the creation of Barclays Life in September 1965. This
subsidiary was not a great success in the UK, and nor, for that matter, was
the concept of bancassurance.
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the next. There are different development models, which can be divided
into 3 main categories. Below, we sum up their main criteria and their
advantages and disadvantages.
Description
Advantages
Disadvantages
Bank acts as an Operation start Lack of flexibility to
intermediary for quickly.
Distribution
an
insurance capital
agreement
company
Possibility
of
in
costly)
Bank
corporate culture
in
partnership with
Joint Venture
one
or
more Transfer
insurance
experience
of Difficult in manage
in long the term
companies
Full
Integration
new subsidiary
culture
investment
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Advantages of Bancassurance:
Advantages for the insurance company
Through this new distribution network, the insurance company
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Case Study
France- BNP PARIBAS ASSURANCE
BNP Paribas Assurance encompasses three BNP Paribas Insurance
Companies: CARDIF, NATIO VIE and NATIO ASSURANCE.
Created in 1973, Cardif began in France by selling Life Insurance via a
cetelem network, a company specialising in consumer credit for the
Compagnie Bancaire Group, a founding shareholder of Cardif.
Distribution agreements were very quickly signed with the order
companies in the Compagnie Bancaire Group, then with Paribas and
Credit Du Nord.
In 1983, Cardif decided to work with insurance providers, thereby
diversifying its product process.
Unlike Cardif, whose bancassurance colour comes essentially from
its original shareholders. Natio Vie owes its very specific status to two
factors: its distribution network, initially BNP then BNP Paribas, and its
sharehol;ders, still 100% BNP.
Today, BNP Paribas Assurance designs and sells savings, protection
and personal injury products under two brands: BNP Paribas for products
soldthrough the BNP Paribas branch network in Drance, and Cardif for
other networks in France (partners, brokers, independent financiaal
advisors) and abroad.
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Market image
The way consumers perceive banking in a given market and the
role it plays in society are two essential factors. This image can be a
direct consequence of the way the banking network is organized and how
many branches it has in a country. in many countries perception of the
banks is good: customers have a special relationship of trust with their
bank or banker. Banks also benefit from the impression, justified or not,
that they are better than insurance companies at handling financial issues.
This trusting relationship is directly proportional to the power of the
brand power and its true reputation. Customers in the countries
mentioned above believe in a face-to-face relationship with their banker
attitude to its development are clearly essential and have a real influence
on the models conditions for success in a given country. Tax advantages
can provide a strong incentive for consumers to invest in one life
insurance or pension product rather than another. Changes in the law
providing such incentives can have a positive, or negative, influence on
the sales of a product. Sales of life insurance policies by banks have used
largely as a result of tax breaks. This factor is a real driving force in the
launch of bancassurance, still a relatively underused mechanism in most
countries. As regards legislation, it is obvious that favorable laws, which
do not restrict banks options to acquire stakes in insurance companies or
to set up their own insurance companies.
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bancassurance
to
establish
crucial
competitive
advantage.
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Bancassurance operators have put the customer at the very heart of their
thinking and development strategies. This means:
o Providing a full range of financial products and services (banking
and insurance) through a single sales network;
o Offering high-quality advice through readiness to listen and
accurate information;
o
o Providing
know-how
and
follow-up
(especially
claims
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Establishing,
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Management
The question of team management also needs to be raised because
activities in the branch network are subject to rapid change. Certain
bancassurance operators, have reorganized many of their structures and
created new professional activities in order to provide each outlet with
local managers or supervisors to support them.
Training
Training is also an essential element in motivating a sales network
whose background is in banking. The diversity of profiles, combined with
the rise of bancassurance, have obviously necessitated a massive training
programmed in the distribution networks to create an awareness of, and
interest in, insurance, to build up expertise and thereby to reinforce the
trust that customers feel for their bankers in their additional insurance
role. These courses can take various forms and be organized differently
by different bancassurance operators and under different legislative
frameworks. Indeed, advisers sometimes need to hold a special
qualification to be able to sell insurance policies.
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sessions
with
their
partner
banks total
training
programmed.
o
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Remuneration
Distributing these life insurance policies, whether through a joint
venture or distribution agreements, has a cost for insurance companies. It
is essential to heighten the awareness of sales forces of the need to sell
insurance policies. As we have seen, this is done partly through training,
but also by a new commission policy. Whether in bancassurance or
traditional networks, the products that are the easiest to sell and the most
profitable for financial advisers, are the ones that have the most success.
In order to motivate the teams to sell insurance products, it is therefore
essential to offer them appropriate rewards. However, rewarding sales
forces within the framework of a multi-channel distribution process is not
necessarily easy. Who should get the commission: the network sales
personnel, the telephone advisers, the points of sale? Who can sell what
and how do you set targets? Insurer pays commission to the insurance
advisor or agent and also adds a system of profit-sharing for insurance
products (term insurance, disability/critical illness, health, etc.). But, as
with the other products, the bank retains control over the motivation of its
sales force. Each Caisse is free to redistribute this commission or not. The
way sales personnel are rewarded can also vary from one product to
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The products
When
asked,
several
experienced
bancassurance
operators
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Which
life
insurance
products
are
sold
by
bancassurance specialists?
This is a question often asked by new bancassurance operators,
especially in countries where this is an emerging model. In short, there is
only one answer: bancassurance operators supply the same products as
so-called traditional providers or brokers, with a few small
exceptions
Products similar to the traditional networks. . .
It should be emphasized that for a long time life bancassurance
focused on bank customers, i.e. individuals. This customer segment
currently constitutes a large majority compared with professional or
business customers (e.g. in France, individuals represent between 85%
and 100% of life bancassurance business). However, the need to diversify
is now gradually moving bancassurance operators towards other target
groups. Most of the products sold in bancassurance are not specific to the
banking network: only the features referred to above (simplicity, limited
cover and guarantees, etc) set them apart, and in fact the trend is for these
differences to disappear on more mature bancassurance markets.
However, it is true that, because they are close to the banks core business
activities, certain life insurance products have been extensively captured
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by the banks and can now easily be equated with bancassurance. This is
undoubtedly the case with Unit Linked and Index Linked products. The
large majority of bancassurance operators began their business with
insurance if you live policies and/or capitalization bonds, and these
products have sold fairly well. The same is true of loan protection
insurance: contrary to popular opinion, this is not a product specific to
bancassurance, nor the core business in bancassurance, but the banks
nevertheless tend to be the first institutions approached by borrowers
looking for life insurance. These products often represent the first step to
success, especially if they enjoy tax advantages.
and a few products specifically developed for the banking
networks
This class of products is the most standardized and the easiest for
banks to sell. These products usually form an integral part of bank
offerings and not really seen by the customer as insurance products but
more as an additional banking service. They include, for example, the
insurance attached to bank accounts or credit cards. In general, they are
automatically activated with the opening of a new bank account or issue
of a credit card, they are often integrated into the costs and the insurance
premium is sometimes paid by the bank itself. This is more a marketing
tool to encourage customers to open accounts or to apply for credit cards.
The risks covered are often accidental death or Permanent and Total
Incapacity following an accident and the sum insured can be calculated in
different ways:
o X times the amount on the bank account at the time of the
insured persons death or incapacity; The average amount charged
to the credit card over the last 3 or 6 months;
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Property
products:
Automobile,
comprehensive
household insurance.
Bancassurance so far has only a small share in the property
insurance market, but its market share is growing by an average of
0.7% per year in this segment. Here again, it is because insurance
is genuinely integrated into banking and through a constant search
for innovation, that bancassurance is still growing at a modest but
steady rate. Bancassurance is developing what might be called a
global offering, which combines finance and property insurance,
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especially for cars and accommodation that also aimed at realestate investors, includes finance, insurance on rental arrears,
comprehensive household insurance for buy-to-rent landlords, and
loan protection insurance.
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Typical
profile
of
the
BANCASSURANCE
CONSUMER
In India, there are two types of customer profile, divided between
life insurance and property and casualty insurance. The life
bancassurance customer is generally over 50, with a high proportion of
people over 70 (15% as compared with 11% in the other distribution
networks). They are better off than the national average with income
between Rs 197,000 and Rs 246,000 per year. In addition, they are twice
as likely to have savings of between 150,000 and Rs 850,000. On
average, they save between 80,000 and 130,500 per year, have a detached
house, and are determined to pass on assets to their children. In
property and casualty, the average bancassurance customer is aged
under 29. He or she lives in rented accommodation and is financially less
stable than the life customer: because of existing debt, he or she has less
money available for savings.
Bancassurance in India
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For banks which are not eligible for this joint-venture option, an
investment option of up to 10% of the net worth of the bank or
Rs.50 crores, whichever is lower, is available;
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Insurance Company
Bank
Birla Sun Life Insurance Bank of Rajasthan, Andhra Bank, Bank of
Co. Ltd.
Dabur
CGU
Standard
Life
operative Bank.
Insurance Corporation Bank,
Corporation of India
Indian
Overseas
Bank,
Centurion Bank, Satara District Central Cooperative Bank, Janata Urban Co-operative Bank,
Yeotmal Mahila Sahkari Bank, Vijaya Bank,
Bank
Insurance State Bank of India
General Karur Vysya Bank and Lord Krishna Bank
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Issues to be tackled
Given the roles and diverse skills brought by the banks and insurers
to a Bancassurance tie up, it is expected that road to a successful alliance
would not be an easy task. Some of the issues that are to be addressed are:
The tie-ups need to develop innovative products and services rather
than depend on the traditional methods. The kinds of products the banks
would be allowed to sell are another major issue. For instance, a complex
unit-linked life insurance product is better sold through brokers or agents,
while a standard term product or simple products like auto insurance,
home loan and accident insurance cover can be handled by bank branches
There needs to be clarity on the operational activities of the
bancassurance i.e., who will do the branding, will the insurance company
prefer to place a person at the bank branch, or will the bank branch train
and put up one of its own people, remuneration of these people.
Even though the banks are in personal contact with their clients, a
high degree of pro-active marketing and skill is required to sell the
insurance products. This can be addressed through proper training.
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model. While the corporate agency and the wrapper models have been
reasonably successful, the referral model has not met with much success.
For the new insurance players who started during the post-reform period
in India, bancassurance has come as blessing in disguise. Getting a
ready-made distribution network at one shot and that too at a fraction of
the total cost to develop a distribution network of their own, enabled them
to go aggressive on this channel. Companies like SBI Life and Aviva
have reported over 65% of their businesses through bancassurance
channel for the year 2004-05.
Banks in India are increasingly giving a thrust to retail. Retail
choices are getting increasingly complex with newer instruments. Banks
also want to project themselves as financial supermarkets, offering the
entire gamut of financial products under one roof. In tune with this
approach, it becomes imperative to offer to the customer a wide range of
products and bancassurance comprising insurance products, many of
which have an investment element, is perceived as one more choice.
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Indian Bank, Lord Krishna Bank, ICICI Bank, etc. For Bajaj Allianz, for
example, a joint venture between Baja Auto Ltd, the countrys second
largest motorcycle manufacturer, and the German insurance company
Allianz AG, bancassurance represented some 27% of its total new
insurance business at the end of October 2004, compared with 17-18% in
2002. This figure is likely to grow further, following the launch of
specific products by Centurion Bank and its agreements with banks such
as Standard Chartered Bank and Syndicate Bank. Aviva has signed a new
bancassurance partnership with Punjab and Sind Bank in pursuit of its
ambition to grow on the Indian market. In 2003, Aviva Life generated
73% of its new business through the banking network.
this subject; recent analyses have sought to identify the reasons for the
delay in growth: for example, in 2003 the American Council of Life
Insurers (ACLI) conducted a study on this topic.
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In their natural and traditional roles and with their current skills,
neither banks nor insurance companies could effectively mount a
bancassurance start-up alone. Collaboration is the key to making this new
channel work.
Banks bring a variety of capabilities to the table. Most obviously,
they own proprietary databases that can be tapped for middle-market
warm leads. In addition, they can leverage their name recognition and
reputation at both local and regional levels. Strong players also excel at
managing multiple distribution channels, cross-selling banking products,
and using direct mail. However, most banks lack experience in several
areas critical to successful bancassurance strategies: in particular,
developing insurance products, selling through face-to-face "push"
channels underwriting, and managing long-tail insurance products.
Where banks usually fall short, a strong insurer will excel. Most
have substantial product and underwriting experience, strong "push" channel capabilities, and investment management expertise. On the other
hand, they tend to lack experience or ability in the areas where banks
prevail. They have little or no background in managing low-cost
distribution channels; they often lack local and regional name recognition
and reputation; and they seldom possess access to or experience with the
middle market.
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Strengths:
In a country of 1 Billion people, sky is the limit for personal lines
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Weaknesses:
The IT culture is unfortunately missing completely in all of the
future collaborators i.e. banks, GIC & LIC. A late awakening seems to
have dawned upon but it is a case of too late and too little. Elementary IT
requirement like networking (LAN) is not in place even in the
headquarters of these institutions, when the need today is of Wide Area
Network (WAN) and Vast Area Network (VAN). Internet connection is
not available even to the managers of operating offices.
The middle class population that we are eyeing at are today
overburdened, first by inflationary pressures on their pockets and then by
the tax net. Where is the money left to think of insurance? Fortunately,
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LIC schemes get IT exemptions but personal line products from GIC
(mediclaim already has this benefit) like householder, travel, etc. also
need to be given tax exemption to further the cause of insurance and to
increase domestic revenue for the country.
Another drawback is the inflexibility of the products i.e. it can not
be tailor made to the requirements of the customer. For a bancassurance
venture to succeed it is extremely essential to have in-built flexibility so
as to make the product attractive to the customer.
Opportunities:
Banks' database is enormous even though the goodwill may not be
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Threats:
Success of a bancassurance venture requires change in approach,
thinking and work culture on the part of everybody involved. Our work
force at every level are so well entrenched in their classical way of
working that there is a definite threat of resistance to any change that
bancassurance may set in. Any relocation to a new company or subsidiary
or change from one work to a different kind of work will be resented with
vehemence.
Another possible threat may come from non-response from the
target customers. This happened in USA in 1980s after the enactment of
Garn - St Germaine Act. A rush of joint ventures took place between
banks and insurance companies and all these failed due to the nonresponse from the target customers. US banks have now again (since late
1990s) turned their attention to insurance mainly life insurance.
The investors in the capital may turn their face off in case the rate
of return on capital falls short of the existing rate of return on capital.
Since banks and insurance companies have major portion of their income
coming from the investments, the return from bancassurance must at least
match those returns. Also if the unholy alliances are allowed to take place
there will be fierce competition in the market resulting in lower prices
and the bancassurance venture may never break-even.
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Looking Around
Hardly 20% of all US banks were selling insurance in 1998 against
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o Banks could capture 10% to 15% of the total U.S. insurance and
investment market by selling products to 20% of their existing
customers.
o Banks' existing infrastructure enables them to operate at expense
levels that are 30% to 50% lower than those of traditional insurers.
o Bancassurance's bank-branch based sales system sells 3 to 5 times
as many insurance policies as a conventional as a conventional
insurance sales and distribution force.
o By simplifying bancassurance products each back office bank
employee can quintuple managing policies compared to traditional
insurers.
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Conclusion
The creation of Bancassurance operations has a material impact on
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BIBLOGRAPHY
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Websites
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
www.wikepedia.com
www.centralbank.com
Book
Vipul prakashan
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