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LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Show-Hong Duh, PhD, DABCC, Department of Pathology,

University of Maryland School of Medicine
Janine Denis Cook, PhD, Department of Medical and Research Technology,
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Reference range values are for apparently healthy people and often overlap significantly with values for those who are sick. Actual
values may vary significantly due to differences in assay methodologies and standardization. Institutions may also set up their own
reference ranges based on the particular populations that they serve, thus regional differences may occur. Consequently, values reported by individual laboratories may differ from those listed in this appendix.
All values are given in conventional and SI units. However, cases where SI units have not been widely accepted, conventional units
are used. In case of the heterogenous nature of the materials measured or uncertainty about the exact molecular weight of the compounds, SI measurements cannot be used so that mass per volume remains as the unit of concentration.
Abbreviations:
ACD, acid-citrate-dextrose; AMP, adenosine monophosphate; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CHF, congestive heart failure; Cit,
citrate; Cl, chlorine; CNS, central nervous system; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; cyclic AMP, adenosine 3,5-cyclic phosphate; EDTA,
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Hb, hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Hep, heparin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MB, myoglobin; NaCit, sodium citrate; NAPA, N-acetylprocainomide; Ox, oxalate; RBC, red blood cell(s); RIA, radioimmunoassay; SD, standard deviation; WBC, white blood cell(s)
References:
Burtis CA, Ashwood ER. eds. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry, 3rd ed. Philadelphia; WB Saunders, 1998.
Childrens Hospital, St. Louis, The Department of Clinical Laboratories, High Density Lipoprotein Lipid Panel: Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol,
LDL (calculated), Cholesterol, Total, Triglycerides, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH).
Available at
http://webserver01.bjc.org/slch/pro/Professional.htm?http://webserver01.bjc.org/labtestguide/Lab%20Test%20Guidebook/slchlabsiteoutline.htm.
Accessed April 20, 2004.
Clinical chemistry laboratory: Reference range values in clinical chemistry. Professional services manual. Baltimore, Department of Pathology,
University of Maryland Medical System, 1999.
Harmening DM, ed. Hematologic values in chemical hematology and fundamentals of hemostasis, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1992.
Laboratory Corporation of America, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Westergren. Available at
http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/he005000.htm. Accessed April 20, 2004.
Laboratory Corporation of America. Fecal Fat. Quantitative. Available at
http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/sc008000.htm. Accessed April 20, 2004.
National cholesterol education program: Report of the expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Arch
Intern Med 1988;148:36-69.
Triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and coronary heart disease. National Institute of Health Consensus Statement, NIH Consensus Development
Conference, 1992;10(2).
University of Texas Health Center at San Antonio. Neonatal Bilirubin. Available at http://labs-sec.uhs-sa.com/clinical_ext/dols/soprefrange.aps.
Accessed April 20, 2004.
University of Texas Medical Branch. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Wintrobe. Available at
http://www.utmb.edu/lsg/LabSurvivalGuide/hem/Sedimentation_Rate.htm. Accessed April 20, 2004.
University of Virginia Childrens Medical Center. Therapy Review: Warfarin (Coumadin). Pediatric Pharmacotherapy. January 1995;1(5):386.
Available at http://www.people.virginia.edu/~smb4v/cmchome.html. Accessed April 20, 2004.
Wafarin Therapy in Children Who Require Long-Term Total Parenteral Nutrition. Pediatrics [electronic article]. November 2003;112(5):386.
Available at http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/112/5/e386. Accessed April 20, 2004.

APP 96

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APP 97

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Acetaminophen, serum or
plasma (Hep or
EDTA)
Therapeutic
Toxic
Acetone
Serum
Qualitative
Quantitative
Urine
Qualitative
Acid hemolysis test (Ham)
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH),
plasma
8 AM
Midnight (supine)
*Alanine aminotransferase (ALT,
SGPT), serum
Male
Female
Albumin
Serum
Adult
>60 y

Urine
Qualitative
Quantitative
CSF
*Aldolase, serum
Aldosterone
Serum
Supine
Standing
Urine
Amikacin, serum or plasma
(EDTA)
Therapeutic
Peak
Trough
Less severe infection
Life-threatening infection
Toxic
Peak
Trough
]-Aminolevulinic acid, urine
Amitriptyline, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough ($12 h after
dose)
Therapeutic
Toxic
Ammonia
Plasma (Hep)
*Amylase
Serum
Urine
Amylase:creatinine clearance
ratio

Conventional Units

SI Units

1030 mcg/mL
>200 mcg/mL

66199 mcmol/L
>1324 mcmol/L

Negative
0.32.0 mg/dL

Negative
0.050.34 mmol/L

Negative
<5% lysis

Negative
<0.05 lysed fraction

<120 pg/mL
<10 pg/mL

<26 pmol/L
<2.2 pmol/L

1340 U/L (37C)

1028 U/L (37C)

0.220.68 mckat/L (37C)

0.170.48 mckat/L (37C)

3.55.2 g/dL
3.24.6 g/dL
Avg. of 0.3 g/dL higher in patients
in upright position

3552 g/L
3246 g/L
Avg. of 3 g/L higher in patients
in upright position

Negative
5080 mg/24 h
1030 mg/dL
1.07.5 U/L (30C)

Negative
5080 mg/24 h
100300 mg/L
0.020.13 mckat/L (30C)

316 ng/dL
730 ng/dL
319 mcg/24 h

0.080.44 nmol/L
0.190.83 nmol/L
851 nmol/24 h

2535 mcg/mL

4360 mcmol/L

14 mcg/mL
48 mcg/mL

1.76.8 mcmol/L
6.813.7 mcmol/L

>3540 mcg/mL
>1015 mcg/mL
1.37.0 mg/24 h

>6068 mcmol/L
>1726 mcmol/L
1053 mcmol/24 h

80250 ng/mL
>500 ng/mL

289903 nmol/L
>1805 nmol/L

933 mcmol/L

933 mcmol/L

27131 U/L
117 U/h
14%

0.462.23 mckat/L
0.017-0.29 mckat/h
0.010.04

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

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LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional
Conventional
Units
Units

Androstenedione, serum
Male
Female
Anion gap
(Na [Cl + HCO3]])
([Na + K] [Cl + HCO3])
a1-Antitrypsin, serum
Apolipoprotein A-1
Male
Female
Apolipoprotein B
Male
Female
Arsenic
Whole blood (Hep)
Chronic poisoning
Acute poisoning
Urine, 24 h
Ascorbic acid, plasma (Ox, Hep, EDTA)
*Aspartate aminotransferase
(AST, SGOT), serum
Base excess, blood (Hep)
Bicarbonate, serum (venous)
*Bilirubin
Bilirubin, direct
Birthdeath
Bilirubin, total
Birth1 day
12 days
25 days
5 daysdeath
Total bilirubin, neonatal
Birth1 day
12 days
25 days
5 days1 month
1 monthdeath
Bone marrow, differential cell count
Adult
Undifferentiated cells
Myeloblast
Promyelocyte
Myelocytes
Neutrophilic
Eosinophilic
Basophilic
Metamyeolocytes and bands
Neutrophilic
Eosinophilic
Basophilic
Segmented neutrophils
Pronormoblast
Basophilic normoblast
Polychromatophilic normoblast
Orthochromatic normoblast
Lymphocytes
Plasma cells
Monocytes
CA-125, serum
CA 15-3, serum

SI Units
SI Units

75205 ng/dL
85275 ng/dL

2.67.2 nmol/L
3.09.6 nmol/L

716 mEq/L
1020 mEq/L
78200 mg/dL

716 mmol/L
1020 mmol/L
0.782.00 g/L

94178 mg/dL
101199 mg/dL

0.941.78 g/L
1.011.99 g/L

63133 mg/dL
60126 mg/dL

0.631.33 g/L
0.601.26 g/L

0.22.3 mcg/dL
1050 mcg/dL
60930 mcg/dL
550 mcg/d
0.41.5 mg/dL
1059 U/L (37C)

0.030.31 mcmol/L
1.336.65 mcmol/L
7.98124 mcmol/L
0.070.67 mcmol/d
2385 mcmol/L
0.171.00 -2 to +3 kat/L (37C)

22 to +3 mEq/L
2229 mEq/L

22 to +3 mmol/L
2229 mmol/L

0.00.4 mg/dL
1.06.0 mg/dL
6.07.5 mg/dL
4.013.5 mg/dL
0.21.2 mg/dL
1.06.0 mg/dL
6.07.5 mg/dL
4.013.5 mg/dL
0.01.8 mg/dL
0.01.8 mg/dL

01%
02%
0-4%

00.01
00.02
00.04

520%
03%
01%

0.050.20
00.03
00.01

535%
05%
01%
515%
01.5%
05%
530%
510%
1020%
02%
05%
<35 U/mL
<30 U/mL

0.050.35
00.05
00.01
0.050.15
00.015
00.05
0.050.30
0.050.10
0.100.20
00.02
00.05
<35 kU/L
<30 kU/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

Bilirubin data Source: https://labs-sec.uhs-sa.com/clinical_ext/dols/soprefrange.asp

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APP 99

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

CA 19-9, serum
Cadmium, whole blood (Hep)
Toxic
Cadmium, urine, 24 h
Calcitonin, serum or plasma
Male
Female
Calcium, serum
Calcium, ionized, serum
Calcium, urine
Low calcium diet
Usual diet; trough
Carbamazepine, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA), trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Carbon dioxide, total, serum/
plasma (Hep)
Carbon dioxide (PCO2),
blood, arterial
Carbon monoxide as
carboxyhemoglobin
(HbCO), whole blood
(EDTA)
Nonsmokers
Smokers
12 packs/d
>2 packs/d
Toxic
Lethal
Carotene, serum
Catecholamines, plasma
(EDTA)
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Catecholamines, urine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
CEA, serum
Nonsmokers
*Cell counts, adult
Erythrocytes
Male
Female
Leukocytes
Total
Differential
Myelocytes
Neutrophils
Band
Segmented
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Granulocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Platelets
(continued )

Conventional Units

SI Units

<37 U/mL
0.10.5 mcg/dL
10300 mcg/dL
<15 mcg/d

<37 kU/L
8.944.5 nmol/L
0.8926.70 mcmol/L
<0.13 mcmol/d

#100 pg/mL
#30 pg/mL
8.610.0 mg/dL
(Slightly higher in children)
4.645.28 mg/dL

#100 ng/L
#30 ng/L
2.152.50 mmol/L
(Slightly higher in children)
1.161.32 mmol/L

50150 mg/24 h
100300 mg/24 h

1.253.75 mmol/24 h
2.507.50 mmol/24 h

412 mcg/mL
>15 mcg/mL
2228 mmol/L

1751 mcmol/L
>63 mcmol/L
2228 mmol/L

Male
3548 mmHg
Female 3245 mmHg

4.666.38 kPa
4.265.99 kPa

0.51.5% total Hb

0.0050.015 HbCO fraction

45% total Hb
89% total Hb
>20% total Hb
>50% total Hb
1085 mcg/dL

0.040.05 HbCO fraction

0.080.09 HbCO fraction
>0.20 HbCO fraction
>0.5 HbCO fraction
0.191.58 mcmol/L

< 30 pg/mL
<140 pg/mL
<1700 pg/mL

<196 pmol/L
<764 pmol/L
<10,047 pmol/L

65400 mcg/24 h
020 mcg/24 h
1580 mcg/24 h

4252610 nmol/24 h
0109 nmol/24 h
89473 nmol/24 h

<5.0 ng/mL

<5.0 mcg/L

4.76.1 3 106/mcL
4.25.4 3 106/mcL

4.76.1 3 1012/L
4.25.4 3 1012/L

4.810.8 3 103/mcL
Percentage
Absolute
0
0/mcL

4.810.8 3 106/L
Absolute (SI)
0/L

35
5462
20.551.1
1.79.3
42.275.2

150400 3 106/L
30005800 3 106/L
1.23.4 3 109/L
0.110.59 3 109/L
1.46.5 3 109/L
00.7 3 109/L
00.2 3 109/L
130400 3 109/L

150400/mcL
30005800/mcL
1.23.4 x 103/mcL
0.110.59 x 103/mcL
1.46.5 x 103/mcL
00.7 x 103/mcL
00.2 x 103/mcL
3
130400 x 10 /mcL

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

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LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional Units

*Cell counts, adult (continued from previous page)

Reticulocytes
0.51.5% RBCs
24,00084,000/mcL
Cells, CSF
010 lymphocytes/mm3
0 RBC/mm3
Ceruloplasmin, serum
2060 mg/dL
Chloramphenicol, serum or
plasma (Hep or
EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
1025 mcg/mL
Toxic
>25 mcg/mL
Chloride
Serum or plasma (Hep)
98107 mmol/L
Sweat
Normal
535 mmol/L
Cystic fibrosis
60200 mmol/L
Urine, 24 h (vary greatly with
Cl intake)
Infant
210 mmol/24 h
Child
1540 mmol/24 h
Adult
110250 mmol/24 h
CSF
118132 mmol/L (20 mmol/L
higher than serum)
Cholesterol, serum
Adult desirable
<200 mg/dL
borderline
200239 mg/dL
high-risk
$240 mg/dL
*Cholinesterase, serum
4.911.9 U/mL
Dibucaine inhibition
7984%
Fluoride inhibition
5864%
*Chorionic gonadotropin, intact
Serum or plasma (EDTA)
Male and nonpregnant
<5.0 mIU/mL
female
Pregnant female
Varies with gestational age
Urine, qualitative
Male and nonpregnant
Negative
female
Pregnant female
Positive
Clonazepam, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough
1560 ng/mL
Therapeutic
>80 ng/mL
Toxic
Coagulation tests
80120% of normal
Antithrombin III (synthetic
substrate)
06 min
Bleeding time (Duke)
16 min
Bleeding time (Ivy)
2.39.5 min
Bleeding time (template)
50100% in 2 h
Clot retraction, qualitative
515 min (glass tubes)
Coagulation time (Lee1960 min (siliconized tubes)
White)
No hemolysis
Cold hemolysin test (DonathLandsteiner)
Complement components
75160 U/mL
Total hemolytic complement
activity, plasma
(EDTA)
(continued)
*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

SI Units

0.0050.015 of RBCs
2484 3 109/L
0-10 lymphocytes/mm3
0 RBC/mm3
0.20.6 g/L

3177 mcmol/L
>77 mcmol/L
98107 mmol/L
535 mmol/L
60200 mmol/L

210 mmol/24h
1540 mmol/24h
110250 mmol/24 h
118132 mmol/L (20 mmol/L
higher than serum)
<5.2 mmol/L
5.26.2 mmol/L
$6.2 mmol/L
4.911.9 kU/L
0.790.84
0.580.64

<5.0 IU/L

Negative
Positive

48190 nmol/L
>254 nmol/L
0.81.2 of normal
06 min
16 min
2.39.5 min
0.51.0/2 h
515 min (glass tubes)
1960 min (siliconized tubes)
No hemolysis

75160 kU/L

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APP 101

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional
Units
Conventional
Units

Complement components (continued from

Total complement decay rate
(functional), plasma
(EDTA)
C1q, serum
C1r, serum
C1s(C1 esterase), serum
C2, serum
C3, serum
C4, serum
C5, serum
C6, serum
C7, serum
C8, serum
C9, serum
Coombs test
Direct
Indirect
Copper
Serum
Male
Female
Urine
Corpuscular values of
erythrocytes (values
are for adults; in
children, values vary
with age)
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (MCHC)
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

SI SI
Units
Units

previous page)
1020%
Deficiency: >50%

Fraction decay rate: 0.100.20

>0.50

14.922.1 mg/dL
2.510.0 mg/dL
5.010.0 mg/dL
1.63.6 mg/dL
90180 mg/dL
1040 mg/dL
5.511.3 mg/dL
17.923.9 mg/dL
2.77.4 mg/dL
4.910.6 mg/dL
3.39.5 mg/dL

149221 mg/L
25100 mg/L
50100 mg/L
1636 mg/L
0.91.8 g/L
0.1-0.4 g/L
55113 mg/L
179239 mg/L
2774 mg/L
49106 mg/L
3395 mg/L

Negative
Negative

Negative
Negative

70140 mcg/dL
80155 mcg/dL
335 mcg/24 h

1122 mcmol/L
1324 mcmol/L
0.050.55 mcmol/24 h

2731 pg
3337 g/dL

0.420.48 fmol
330370 g/L

Male 8094 mcm3

Female 8199 mcm3

8094 fL
8199 fL

Cortisol, serum
Plasma (Hep, EDTA, Ox)
8 AM
523 mcg/dL
4 PM
316 mcg/dL
10 PM
<50% of 8 AM value
<50 mcg/24 h
Free, urine
*Creatine kinase (CK), serum
15105 U/L (30C)
Male
Female
1080 U/L (30C)
Note: Strenuous exercise or intramuscular injections may elevate transient CK levels.
*Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme,
07 ng/mL
serum
*Creatinine
Serum or plasma, adult
Male
0.71.3 mg/dL
Female
0.61.1 mg/dL
Urine
Male
1426 mg/kg body
weight/24 h
Female
1120 mg/kg body
weight/24 h
*Creatinine clearance, serum
or plasma and urine
Male
94140 mL/min/1.73 m2
Female
72110 mL/min/1.73 m2
Cryoglobulins, serum
0
**Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.
Test values dependent on patients race.

138635 nmol/L
83441 nmol/L
<0.5 of 8 AM value
<138 mmol/24 h
0.261.79 mckat/L (30C)
0.171.36 mckat/L (30C)
07 mcg/L

62115 mcmol/L
5397 mcmol/L
124230 mcmol/kg body
weight/24 h
97177 mcmol/kg body
weight/24 h

0.911.35 mL/s/m2
0.691.06 mL/s/m2
0

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LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Cyanide
Serum
Nonsmokers
Smokers
Nitroprusside therapy
Toxic
Whole blood (Ox)
Nonsmokers
Smokers
Nitroprusside therapy
Toxic
Cyclic AMP
Plasma (EDTA)
Male
Female
Urine, 24 h

Conventional Units

SI Units

0.004 mg/L
0.006 mg/L
0.010.06 mg/L
>0.1 mg/L

0.15 mcmol/L
0.23 mcmol/L
0.382.30 mcmol/L
>3.84 mcmol/L

0.016 mg/L
0.041 mg/L
0.050.5 mg/L
>1 mg/L

0.61 mcmol/L
1.57 mcmol/L
1.9219.20 mcmol/L
>38.40 mcmol/L

4.68.6 ng/mL
4.37.6 ng/mL
0.33.6 mg/d
or 0.292.1 mg/g creatinine
Negative

1426 nmol/L
1323 nmol/L
1.010.9 mcmol/d or
100723 mcmol/mol creatinine
Negative

Cystine or cysteine, urine,

qualitative
*C-Peptide, serum
0.781.89 ng/mL
C-Reactive protein, serum
<0.5 mg/dL
*Cyclosporine, whole blood
Therapeutic, trough
100200 ng/mL
Dehydroepiandrostereone
(DHEA), serum
Male
1801250 ng/dL
Female
130980 ng/dL
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)
serum or
plasma (Hep, EDTA)
Male
59452 mcg/mL
Female
Premenopausal
12379 mcg/mL
Postmenopausal
30260 mcg/mL
Desipramine, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough (12 h after
dose)
Therapeutic
75300 ng/mL
Toxic
>400 ng/mL
Diazepam, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough
Therapeutic
1001000 ng/mL
Toxic
>5000 ng/mL
Digitoxin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); 7.8 h
after dose
Therapeutic
2035 ng/mL
Toxic
>45 ng/mL
Digoxin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); $12 h
after dose
Therapeutic
CHF
0.81.5 ng/mL
Arrhythmias
1.52.0 ng/mL
Toxic
Adult
>2.5 ng/mL
Child
>3.0 ng/mL
*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.
Actual therapeutic range should be adjusted for individual patient.

0.260.62 nmol/L
<5 mg/L
83166 nmol/L

6.243.3 nmol/L
4.534.0 nmol/L

1.612.2 mcmol/L
0.810.2 mcmol/L
0.87.1 mcmol/L

2811125 nmol/L
>1500 nmol/L

0.353.51 mcmol/L
>17.55 mcmol/L

2646 nmol/L
>59 nmol/L

1.01.9 nmol/L
1.92.6 nmol/L
>3.2 nmol/L
>3.8 nmol/L

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APP 103

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional Units

Disopyramide, serum or plasma

(Hep or EDTA);
trough
Therapeutic arrhythmias
Atrial
Ventricular
Toxic
Doxepin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough ($12 h after
dose)
Therapeutic
Toxic
*Estradiol, serum
Adult
Male
Female
Ethanol (alcohol), whole blood (Ox) or
serum
Depression of CNS
Fatalities reported
Ethosuximide, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Euglobin lysis
a-Fetoprotein (AFP), serum
Fat, fecal, F, 72 h
Infant, breast-fed
Pediatrics (06 y)
Adult
Adult (fat-free diet)
Fatty acids, total, serum
Nonesterified, serum
Ferritin, serum
Male
Female
Ferritin values of <20 ng/mL (20 mcg/L)
Fibrin degradation products
*Fibrinogen, plasma (NaCit)
Fluoride
Plasma (Hep)
Urine
Urine, occupational exposure
*Folate, Serum RBCs
Erythrocytes
*Follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH), serum and
plasma (Hep)
Male
Female
Follicular phase
(continued)

SI Units

2.83.2 mcg/mL
3.37.5 mcg/mL
>7 mcg/mL

8.39.4 mcmol/L
9.722 mcmol/L
>20.7 mcmol/L

150250 ng/mL
>500 ng/mL

537895 nmol/L
>1790 nmol/L

1050 pg/mL
Varies with menstrual cycle

37-184 pmol/L

>100 mg/dL
>400 mg/dL

>21.7 mmol/L
>86.8 mmol/L

40100 mcg/mL
>150 mcg/mL
No lysis in 2 h
<15 ng/mL

283708 mcmol/L
>1062 mcmol/L
No lysis in 2 h
<15 mcg/L

<1 g/d
<2 g/d
<7 g/d
<4 g/d
190240 mg/dL
825 mg/dL

715 mmol/L
0.280.89 mmol/L

20150 ng/mL
20250 mcg/L
10120 ng/mL
10120 mcg/L
have been reported to be generally associated with depleted iron stores.
<10 mcg/mL
<10 mg/L
200400 mg/dL
24 g/L
0.010.2 mcg/mL
0.23.2 mcg/mL
<8 mcg/mL
320 ng/mL
140628 ng/mL RBC

0.510.5 mcmol/L
10.5168 mcmol/L
<421 mcmol/L
745 nmol/L
3171422 nmol/L RBC

1.415.4 mIU/mL

1.415.4 IU/L

110 mIU/mL

110 IU/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

Reference values vary from laboratory to laboratory, but are generally found within the range of 57 g/d. It should be noted that children, especially infants, cannot ingest the 100 g/d of fat that is suggested for the test. Therefore, a fat retention coefficient is determined by measuring the
difference between ingested fat and fecal fat, and expressing that difference as a percentage. The figure, called the fat retention coefficient, is
95% or greater in healthy children and adults. A low value indicates steatorrhea.
http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/sc008000.htm
Fatty acids include a mixture of different aliphatic acids of varying molecular weight; a mean molecular weight of 284 daltons has been
assumed.

APP17 lab reference range values.qxd

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Page APP 104

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional
Conventional
Units
Units

Follicle-stimulating hormone (continued from previous page)

Mid-cycle
617 mIU/mL
Luteal phase
19 mIU/mL
Postmenopausal
19100 mIU/mL
*Free thyroxine index (FTI), serum
4.213
Gastrin, serum
<100 pg/mL
Gentamicin, serum or plasma
(EDTA)
Therapeutic
Peak
Less severe infection
58 mcg/mL
Severe infection
810 mcg/mL
Trough
Less severe infection
<1 mcg/mL
Moderate infection
<2 mcg/mL
Severe infection
<24 mcg/mL
Toxic
Peak
>1012 mcg/mL
Trough
>24 mcg/mL
Glucose (fasting)
Blood
6595 mg/dL
Plasma or serum
74106 mg/dL
Glucose, 2 h postprandial,
<120 mg/dL
serum
Glucose, urine
Quantitative
<500 mg/24 h
Qualitative
Negative
Glucose, CSF
4070 mg/dL
*Glucose-6-phosphate
12.1 2.1 U/g Hb (SD)
dehydrogenase
351 60.6 U/1012 RBC
in erythrocytes,
4.11 0.71 U/mL RBC
whole blood
(ACD, EDTA, or Hep)
g-Glutamyltransfersae
serum
Males
230 U/L (37C)
Females
124 U/L (37C)
Glutethimide, serum
Therapeutic
26 mcg/mL
Toxic
>5 mcg/mL
Glycated hemoglobin (Hemoglobin
4.2% 5.9%
A1c), whole blood (EDTA)
Growth hormone, serum
Male
<5 ng/mL
Female
<10 ng/mL
Haptoglobin, serum
30200 mg/dL
HDL-lipid panel
Cholesterol, HDL
>40 mg/dL
Cholesterol, LDL (calculated)
optimal
<100 mg/dL
near optimal
100129 mg/dL
borderline high
130159 mg/dL
high
>160 mg/dL
Cholesterol, total
01 year
50120 mg/dL
12 years
70190 mg/dL
216 years
120220 mg/dL
>16 years
0199 mg/dL
desirable
<200 mg/dL
(continued)
*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

SI SI
Units
Units

617 IU/L
19 IU/L
19100 IU/L
4.213
<100 ng/L

10.416.7 mcmol
16.720.9 mcmol/L
<2.1 mcmol/L
<4.2 mcmol/L
<4.28.4 mcmol/L
>2125 mcmol/L
>4.28.4 mcmol/L
3.55.3 mmol/L
4.15.9 mmol/L
<6.7 mmol/L

<2.8 mmol/24 h
Negative
2.23.9 mmol/L
0.78 0.13 mU/mol Hb
0.35 0.06 nU/RBC
4.11 0.71 kU/L RBC

0.030.51 mckat/L (37C)

0.020.41 mckat/L (37C)
928 mcmol/L
>23 mcmol/L
0.0420.059

<5 mcg/L
<10 mcg/L
0.32.0 g/L

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Page APP 105

APP 105

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

HDL-Lipid Panel (continued)

borderline
high
Tryglycerides
desirable
borderline high
high
Hematocrit
Males
Females
Newborn
Children (varies with age)
Hemoglobin (Hb)
Males
Females
Newborn
Children (varies with age)
Hemoglobin, fetal
Hemoglobin, plasma
Hemoglobin and myoglobin,
urine, qualitative
Hemoglobin electrophoresis,
whole blood (EDTA,
Cit, or Hep)
HbA
HbA2
HbF
Homogentisic acid, urine,
qualitative
b-Hydroxybutyric acid, serum,
plasma
17-Hydroxycorticosteroids
Urine
Males
Females
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid,
urine
Qualitative
Quantitative
Imipramine, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough ($12 h after
dose)
Therapeutic
Toxic
Immunoglobulins, serum
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgD
IgE
Immunoglobulin G (IgC), CSF
Insulin, plasma (fasting)
*Iron, serum
Males
Females
Iron binding capacity, serum,
total (TIBC)

Conventional Units

SI Units

200239 mg/dL
>240 mg/dL
<150 mg/dL
150199 mg/dL
>200 mg/dL
4252%
3747%
5365%
3043%

0.420.52
0.370.47
0.530.65
0.300.43

14.018.0 g/dL
12.016.0 g/dL
17.023.0 g/dL
11.216.5 g/dL
$1 y old: <2% of total Hb
<3 mg/dL
Negative

2.172.79 mmol/L
1.862.48 mmol/L
2.643.57 mmol/L
1.742.56 mmol/L
$1 y old: <0.02% of total Hb
<0.47 mcmol/L
Negative

>95%
1.53.7%
<2%
Negative

>0.95 Hb fraction
0.0150.037 Hb fraction
<0.02 Hb fraction
Negative

0.212.81 mg/dL

20270 mcmol/L

310 mg/24 h
28 mg/24 h

8.327.6 mcmol/24 h (as cortisol)

5.522 mcmol/24 h (as cortisol)

Negative
27 mg/24 h

Negative
10.436.6 mcmol/24 h

150250 ng/mL
>500 ng/mL

536893 nmol/L
>1785 nmol/L

7001600 mg/dL
70400 mg/dL
40230 mg/dL
08 mg/dL
3423 IU/mL
0.56.1 mg/dL
225 mcU/mL

716 g/L
0.74.0 g/L
0.42.3 g/L
080 mg/L
3423 kIU/L
0.56.1 g/L
13174 pmol/L

65175 mcg/dL
50170 mcg/dL
250425 mcg/dL

11.631.3 mcmol/L
9.030.4 mcmol/L
44.871.6 mcmol/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

If the triglyceride value is >400 mg/dL, the LDL calculation is invalid.
http://webserver01.bjc.org/slch/pro/Professional.htm?http://webserver01.bjc.org/labtestguide/Lab%20Test%20Guidebook/slchlabsiteoneline.htm

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Page APP 106

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests
Tests

Iron saturation, serum

Male
Female
17-Ketosteroids, urine
Males
Females

Conventional
Conventional
Units
Units

SI SI
Units
Units

2050%
1550%

0.20.5
0.150.5

1025 mg/24 h
614 mg/24 h
(decreases with age)

3887 mcmol/24 h
2152 mcmol/24 h
(decreases with age)

4.519.8 mg/dL
4.514.4 mg/dL

0.52.2 mmol/L
0.51.6 mmol/L

8.115.3 mg/dL
<11.3 mg/dL
4961982 mg/d
1022 mg/dL

0.91.7 mmol/L
<1.3 mmol/L
5.522 mmol/d
1.12.4 mmol/L

290775 U/L
5452000 U/L
180430 U/L
110295 U/L
100190 U/L
110210 U/L

4.913.2 mckat/L
9.334 mckat/L
3.17.3 mckat/L
1.95 mckat/L
1.73.2 mckat/L
1.93.6 mckat/L

1426% of total
2939% of total
2026% of total
816% of total
616% of total
10% of serum value

0.140.26 fraction of total

0.290.39 fraction of total
0.200.26 fraction of total
0.080.16 fraction of total
0.060.16 fraction of total
0.10 fraction of serum value

<130 mg/dL
130159 mg/dL
160 mg/dL

<.2 mmol/L
3.374.12 mmol/L
4.13 mmol/L

<25 mcg/dL
<80 mcg/d
2.05.0 indicates probable fetal
lung maturity; .3.5 in
diabetic patients

<0.48 mcmol/L
<0.39 mcmol/d
2.0-5.0 indicates probable fetal
lung maturity;
>3.5 in diabetic patients

1.56.0 mcg/mL

6.426 mcmol/L

68 mcg/mL
>8 mcg/mL

2634.2 mcmol/L
>34.2 mcmol/L

23300 U/L (37C)

0.395.1 mckat/L (37C)

0.61.2 mEq/L
>2 mEq/L

0.61.2 mmol/L
>2 mmol/L

50240 ng/mL

156746 nmol/L

L-Lactate

Plasma (NaF)
Venous
Arterial
Whole blood (Hep), at bed rest
Venous
Arterial
Urine, 24 h
CSF
*Lactate dehydrogenase
Total (LP), 37C, serum
Newborn
Neonate
Infant
Child
Adult
>60 y
*Isoenzymes, serum by agarose
gel electrophoresis
Fraction 1
Fraction 2
Fraction 3
Fraction 4
Fraction 5
*Lactate dehydrogenase, CSF
LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), serum
or plasma (EDTA)
Adult desirable
borderline
high risk
Lead,
Whole blood (Hep)
Urine, 24 h
Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L:S)
ratio, amniotic fluid
Lidocaine, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); 45 min
after bolus dose
Therapeutic
Toxic
CNS, cardiovascular depression
Seizures, obtundation,
decreased cardiac
output
*Lipase, serum
Lithium, serum or plasma (Hep
or EDTA); 12 h after
last dose
Therapeutic
Toxic
Lorazepam, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA),
therapeutic

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

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Page APP 107

APP 107

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

*Luteinizing hormone (LH),

serum or
plasma (Hep)
Male
Female
Follicular phase
Mid-cycle peak
Luteal phase
Postmenopausal
Magnesium
Serum
Urine
Mercury
Whole blood (EDTA)
Urine, 24 h
Toxic
Metanephrines, total, urine
Methemoglobin
(hemoglobin), whole
blood (EDTA, Hep
or ACD)
Methotrexate, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA)
Therapeutic
Toxic
12 wk after low dose therapy
post IV infusion
24 h
48 h
72 h
Myelin basic protein, CSF
Myoglobin, serum
Nortriptyline, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
trough ($12 h after
dose)
Therapeutic
Toxic
*5-Nucleotidase, serum
N-Acetylprocainamide, serum
or plasma (Hep or
EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Occult blood, feces, random
Qualitative, urine, random
Osmolality
Serum
Urine
Ratio, urine:serum
Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes
Oxazepam, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA),
therapeutic

Conventional Units

SI Units

1.247.8 mIU/mL

1.247.8 IU/L

1.6815.0
21.956.6
0.6116.3
14.252.5

1.6815.0
21.956.6
0.6116.3
14.252.3

mIU/mL
mIU/mL
mIU/mL
mIU/mL

IU/L
IU/L
IU/L
IU/L

1.32.1 mEq/L
1.62.6 mg/dL
6.010.0 mEq/24 h

0.651.07 mmol/L
1626 mg/L
3.05.0 mmol/24 h

0.659 mcg/L
<20 mcg/d
>150 mcg/d
0.11.6 mg/24 h
0.060.24 g/dL or
0.78 0.37% of total Hb (SD)

<0.29 mcmol/L
<0.1 mcmol/d
>0.75 mcmol/d
0.58.1 mcmol/24 h
9.337.2 mcmol/L or
mass fraction of total Hb:
0.008 0.0037 (SD)

Variable

Variable

$0.02 mcmol/L
$5 mcmol/L
$0.5 mcmol/L
$0.05 mcmol/L
<2.5 ng/mL
<85 ng/mL

$0.02 mcmol/L
$5 mcmol/L
$0.5 mcmol/L
$0.05 mcmol/L
<2.5 mcg/L
<85 mcg/L

50150 ng/mL
>500 ng/mL
217 U/L

190570 nmol/L
>1900 nmol/L
0.0340.29 mckat/L

530 mcg/mL
>40 mcg/mL
Negative (<2 mL blood/150 g
stool/d)
Negative

18108 mcmol/L
>144 mcmol/L
Negative (<13.3 mL blood/kg
stool/d)
Negative

275295 mOsm/kg serum water

501200 mOsm/kg water
1.03.0
3.04.7 after 12 h fluid restriction
Begins in 0.450.39% NaCl
Complete in 0.330.30% NaCl
0.21.4 mcg/mL

275295 mmol/kg serum water

501200 mmol/kg water
1.03.0
3.04.7 after 12 h fluid restriction
Begins in 7767 mmol/L NaCl
Complete in 5651 mmol/L NaCl
0.704.9 mcmol/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

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Page APP 108

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Oxygen, blood
Capacity
Content
Arterial
Venous
Saturation
Arterial and capillary
Venous
Tension
pO2 arterial and capillary
Venous
P50, blood
Partial thromboplastin time
activated (APTT)
Pentobarbital, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Hypnotic
Therapeutic coma
Toxic
pH
Blood, arterial
Urine
Phenacetin, plasma (EDTA)
Therapeutic
Toxic
Phenobarbital, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Slowness, ataxia, nystagmus
Coma with reflexes
Coma without reflexes
Phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) excretion,
urine

Phenylalanine, serum
Phenytoin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
*Phosphatase, acid, prostatic, serum
radioimmunoassay
*Phosphatase, alkaline,
total, serum
Phosphate, inorganic, serum
Adults
Children
Phosphatidylglycerol, amniotic fluid
Fetal lung immaturity
Fetal lung maturity
Phospholipids, serum
Phosphorus, urine
Porphobilinogen, urine
Qualitative
Quantitative

Conventional Units

SI Units

1624 vol% (varies with

hemoglobin)

7.1410.7 mmol/L (varies with

hemoglobin)

1523 vol%
1016 vol%

6.6910.3 mmol/L
4.467.14 mmol/L

9598% of capacity
6085% of capacity

0.950.98 of capacity
0.600.85 of capacity

83108 mmHg
3545 mmHg
2529 mmHg (adjusted to pH 7.4)
<35 sec

11.114.4 kPa
4.66.0 kPa
3.333.86 kPa
<35 sec

15 mcg/mL
2050 mcg/mL
>10 mcg/mL

422 mcmol/L
88221 mcmol/L
>44 mcmol/L

7.357.45
4.68.0 (depends on diet)

7.357.45
Same

130 mcg/mL
50250 mcg/mL

6167 mcmol/L
2791395 mcmol/L

1540 mcg/mL

65172 mcmol/L

3580 mcg/mL
65117 mcg/mL
>100 mcg/mL
2851% in 15 min
1324% in 30 min
917% in 60 min
310% in 2 h
(After injection of 1 mL PSP
intravenously)
0.81.8 mg/dL

151345 mcmol/L
280504 mcmol/L
>430 mcmol/L
0.280.51 in 15 min
0.130.24 in 30 min
0.090.17 in 60 min
0.030.10 in 2 h
(After injection of 1 mL PSP
intravenously)
48109 mcmol/L

1020 mcg/mL
>20 mcg/mL

4079 mcmol/L
>79 mcmol/L

<3.0 ng/mL
38126 U/L (37C)

<3.0 mcg/L
0.652.14 mckat/L

2.74.5 mg/dL
4.55.5 mg/dL

0.871.45 mmol/L
1.451.78 mmol/L

absent
present
125275 mg/dL
0.41.3 g/24 h

absent
present
1.252.75 g/L
12.942 mmol/24 h

Negative
<2.0 mg/24 h

Negative
<9 mcmol/24 h

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

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Page APP 109

APP 109

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Porphyrins, urine
Coproporphyrin
Uroporphyrin
Potassium, plasma (Hep)
Males
Females
Potassium
Serum
Premature
Cord
48 h
Newborn, cord
Newborn
Infant
Child
Adult
Urine, 24 h
CSF

Prealbumin (transthyretin), serum

Primidone, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Procainamide, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic (also consider effect of
metabolite, i.e., NAPA)
*Progesterone, serum
Adult
Male
Female
Follicular phase
Luteal phase
Pregnancy
*Prolactin, serum
Males
Females
Propoxyphene, plasma (EDTA)
Therapeutic
Toxic
Propranolol, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
*Prostate-specific antigen (PSA),
serum
Male
*Protein, serum
Total
Albumin
Globulin
a1
a2
b
g
Urine
Qualitative
Quantitative
CSF, total

Conventional Units

SI Units

34230 mcg/24 h
2752 mcg/24 h

52351 nmol/24 h
3263 nmol/24 h

3.54.5 mEq/L
3.44.4 mEq/L

3.54.5 mmol/L
3.44.4 mmol/L

5.010.2 mEq/L
3.06.0 mEq/L
5.612.0 mEq/L
3.75.9 mEq/L
4.15.3 mEq/L
3.44.7 mEq/L
3.55.1 mEq/L
25125 mEq/d, varies with diet
70% of plasma level or 2.53.2
mEq/L; rises with
plasma hyperosmolality
1040 mg/dL

5.010.2 mmol/L
3.06.0 mmol/L
5.612.0 mmol/L
3.75.9 mmol/L
4.15.3 mmol/L
3.44.7 mmol/L
3.55.1 mmol/L
25125 mmol/d; varies with diet
0.70 of plasma level or 2.53.2
mmol/L; rises with
plasma hyperosmolality
100400 mg/L

512 mcg/mL
>15 mcg/mL

2355 mcmol/L
>69 mcmol/L

410 mcg/mL
>1012 mcg/mL

1742 mcmol/L
.4251 mcmol/L

1397 ng/dL

0.43.1 nmol/L

1570 ng/dL
2002500 ng/dL
Varies with gestational week

0.52.2 nmol/L
6.479.5 nmol/L

2.515.0 ng/mL
2.519.0 ng/mL

2.515.0 mcg/L
2.519.0 mcg/L

0.10.4 mcg/mL
>0.5 mcg/mL

0.31.2 mcmol/L
>1.5 mcmol/L

50100 ng/mL

193386 nmol/L

<4.0 ng/mL

<4.0 mcg/L

6.48.3 g/dL
3.95.1 g/dL

6483 g/L
3951 g/L

0.20.4
0.40.8
0.51.0
0.61.3

24 g/L
48 g/L
510 g/L
613 g/L

g/dL
g/dL
g/dL
g/dL

Negative
5080 mg/24 h (at rest)
832 mg/dL

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

Negative
Same
80320 mg/dL

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Page APP 110

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Conventional Units

Prothrombin consumption
Prothrombin time-international normalized
INR: birth6 mo
INR: 6 moadult
Protoporphyrin, total, WB
Pyruvate, blood
Quinidine, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Salicylates, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
#Sedimentation rate, erythrocyte
Westergren
Male: 050 y
Male: >50 y
Female: 050 y
Female: >50 y
Wintrobe
Males
Females
Critical value
Sodium
Serum or plasma (Hep)
Premature
Cord
48 h
Newborn, cord
Newborn
Infant
Child
Adult
Urine, 24 h
Sweat
Normal
Cystic fibrosis
Specific gravity, urine
*Testosterone, serum
Male
Female
Pregnancy
Postmenopausal

SI Units

>20 sec
ratio (see NOTES below)
1.01.6
0.91.2
<60 mcg/dL
0.30.9 mg/dL

<600 mcg/L
34103 mcmol/L

25 mcg/mL
>6 mcg/mL

615 mcmol/L
>18 mcmol/L

150300 mcg/mL
>500 mcg/mL

1.092.17 mmol/L
.3.62 mmol/L

015
020
020
030

>20 sec

mm/h
mm/h
mm/h
mm/h

<10 mm/h
<20 mm/h
>75 mm/h

116140 mEq/L
128148 mEq/L
126166 mEq/L
133146 mEq/L
139146 mEq/L
138145 mEq/L
136145 mEq/L
40220 mEq/d (diet
dependent)

116140 mmol/L
128148 mmol/L
126166 mmol/L
133146 mmol/L
139146 mmol/L
138145 mmol/L
136145 mmol/L
40220 mmol/d (diet
dependent)

1040 mEq/L
70190 mEq/L
1.0021.030

1040 mmol/L
70190 mmol/L
1.0021.030

2801100 ng/dL
1570 ng/dL
34 3 normal
835 ng/dL

0.5238.17 nmol/L
0.522.43 nmol/L
34 x normal
0.281.22 nmol/L

NOTE:
NOTE:
NOTE:

INR=[(Patient PT)/(Normal PT)] *ISI where ISI is the international sensitivity index, a value provided by the reagent manufacturer.
target therapeutic range (international normalized ratio) of 2.03.0. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/112/5/e386
The American College of Chest Physicians has recommended a therapeutic INR range for adults of 2.03.0, except in patients with mechanical cardiac valves who should have an INR of 2.53.5. 1target INR range of 2.63.8 for children with heart disease and a slightly lower range of
2.13.3 for treating children with established venous thrombosis. Clinicians at Torontos Hospital for Sick Children used an INR range of 2.03.0
initially but later found that a lower target of 1.31.8 was as effective and resulted in no bleeding complications.
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/internet/pediatrics/pharma-news/jan95.pdf
NOTE: The recommended therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolisms and pulmonary embolisms in an INR of
2.5 with a range between 2.03.0, and children with mechanical prosthetic heart valves have a recommended therapeutic INR range of 3.0 INR
range between 2.53.5. Evaluate at that time. http://www.warfarinfo.com/pediatrics.htm
*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.
# http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/he005000.htm;
http://www.utmb.edu/lsg/LabSurvivalGuide/hem/Sedimentation_Rate.htm

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Page APP 111

APP 111

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Theophylline, serum or plasma

(Hep or EDTA)
Therapeutic
Bronchodilator
Prem. apnea
Toxic
Thiocyanate
Serum or plasma (EDTA)
Nonsmoker
Smoker
Therapeutic after
nitroprusside infusion
Urine
Nonsmoker
Smoker
Thiopental, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Hypnotic
Coma
Anesthesia
Toxic concentration
*Thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH), serum
Thyroxine serum

*Thyroxine, free, serum

Thyroxine binding globulin
(TBG), serum
Tobramycin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA)
Therapeutic
Peak
Less severe infection
Severe infection
Trough
Less severe infection
Moderate infection
Severe infection
Toxic
Peak
Trough
Transferrin, serum
Newborn
Adult
>60 yr
Triglycerides, serum, fasting
Desirable
Borderline high
Hypertriglyceridemia
*Triiodothyronine, total (T3) serum
*Troponin-I, cardiac, serum
Troponin-T, cardiac, serum
Urea nitrogen, serum
Urea nitrogen:creatinine ratio, serum
*Uric acid
Serum, enzymatic
Male
Female
(continued)

Conventional Units

SI Units

820 mcg/mL
613 mcg/mL
>20 mcg/mL

44111 mcmol/L
3372 mcmol/L
>110 mcmol/L

14 mcg/mL
312 mcg/mL
629 mcg/mL

1769 mcmol/L
52206 mcmol/L
103499 mcmol/L

14 mg/d
717 mg/d

1769 mcmol/d
120292 mcmol/d

1.05.0 mcg/mL
30100 mcg/mL
7130 mcg/mL
>10 mcg/mL
0.44.2 mcU/mL

4.120.7 mcmol/L
124413 mcmol/L
29536 mcmol/L
>41 mcmol/L
0.44.2 mU/L

512 mcg/dL (varies with age,

higher in children and
pregnant women)
0.82.7 ng/dL
1.23.0 mg/dL

65155 nmol/L (vaires with age,

higher in children and
pregnant women)
10.335 pmol/L
1230 mg/L

58 mcg/mL
810 mcg/mL

1117 mcmol/L
1721 mcmol/L

<1 mcg/mL
<2 mcg/mL
<24 mcg/mL

<2 mcmol/L
<4 mcmol/L
<49 mcmol/L

>1012 mcg/mL
>24 mcg/mL

>2126 mcmol/L
>49 mcmol/L

130275 mg/dL
212360 mg/dL
190375 mg/dL

1.302.75 g/L
2.123.60 g/L
1.93.75 g/L

<250 mg/dL
250500 mg/dL
>500 mg/dL
100-200 ng/dL
undetectable
undetectable
620 mg/dL
12:1 to 20:1

<2.83 mmol/L
2.835.67 mmol/L
>5.65 mmol/L
1.54-3.8 nmol/L
undetectable
undetectable
2.17.1 mmol urea/L
4880 urea:creatinine mole ratio

4.58.0 mg/dL
2.56.2 mg/dL

0.270.47 mmol/L
0.150.37 mmol/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.

APP17 lab reference range values.qxd

APP 112

8/13/05

1:45 PM

Page APP 112

LABORATORY REFERENCE RANGE VALUES

Tests

Uric Acid (continued)

Child
Urine
Urobilinogen, urine
Valproic acid, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA); trough
Therapeutic
Toxic
Vancomycin, serum or plasma
(Hep or EDTA);
Therapeutic
Peak
Trough
Toxic
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA),
urine (4-hydroxy-3methoxymandelic acid)
Viscosity, serum
Vitamin A, serum
Vitamin B12, serum
Vitamin E, serum
Normal
Therapeutic
Zinc, serum

Conventional Units

SI Units

2.05.5 mg/dL
250750 mg/24 h
(with normal diet)
0.10.8 Ehrlich unit/2 h
0.54.0 Eu/d

0.120.32 mmol/L
1.484.43 mmol/24 h
(with normal diet)
0.1-0.8 Eu/2h
0.54.0 Eu/d

50100 mcg/mL
>100 mcg/mL

347693 mcmol/L
>693 mcmol/L

2040 mcg/mL
510 mcg/mL
>80100 mcg/mL
1.46.5 mg/24 h

1428 mcmol/L
37 mcmol/L
>5569 mcmol/L
733 mcmol/d

1.001.24 cP
3080 mcg/dL
110800 pg/mL

1.001.24 cP
1.052.8 mcmol/L
81590 pmol/L

518 mcg/mL
3050 mcg/mL
70120 mcg/dL

1242 mcmol/L
69.6116 mcmol/L
10.718.4 mcmol/L

*Test values dependent on laboratory methods used.