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    29 views14 pages

    Swiss Re by Norman Foster Part 4

    Uploaded by

    Denis Gachev
    research

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 14
    humanay sci! work environment Pancakes of spac nether offer the ‘well to ote {Swiss Ret roverses the cle about London ‘be to ‘let daylight in upon the magic: Mere the floors ofa tall building, you are much more likely ‘magic comes wih the daylight iluminating and to foal they are pat of your grup, ah that You Aop space. rom Mein, IBA Journal ay 2004S Russa hoch Rowen one 2008 TO Thesestoey ara be bldg urge dna tomateg ay Environmentally, the lightwells that spiral up the building help to regulate the internal climate. But they play a less definable role too, adding a little spatial drama to the mix. Norman Foster ‘verooks. The advantage = 2 peopl on other Made up only of the triangular mulions ~ spaced at 10 degroas of rotation, thus omitting every alternate mulin from below — and trapezoidal ransoms, all in welded stee, this deicate dome encloses the last three levels of the towar. At this pont al the double- glazed unt are trangia, except forthe central circular domed unit, and the units in ‘he uppermost rng, which are icosahedral Tha circular domed unit isthe only element of curved glass in the building. Around tis ring of insulated aluminium panels, which house air and smoke extracts and recessed lighting To contol the sun and glare within the ome, the outer layer ofthe dovble-slazing Is body conted grey with «high-performance coating on its inner face to exclude 83 per cent of incident ight and sun. Outside, some glaring bars have cove strips matching the dark ones below wile others have siver projecting cover strips that, for visual contiruly and as helical wind stops, continua the upward aweep of those that highight the structural gid below. ‘AS with any energy-efficient bung, the osign is heavy influenced by the systems that contol ls intemal enviconmental conltons Especially cca isto maximise use of natural light and ventilation, and minimise the use of the srifcallghting and ar-candltionng that complement them ina mixed-mode’ building suchas tis. The solution chosen, whers air for both natuel and mechanical ventilation i ran in from al pars af the buldng’ exterior, Is only feasible on an exceptional urban site such as this where the bounding streets are lightly tacked and the ar elabely clean, This allows the air-conditioning plant to be distributed throughout the bung: an each floor every ‘spoke’ of otic space has its own sirhanding unit. Thus it is possible to air condition only those parts ofthe bulléing that equi it at any moment (such asthe upper floors on a windy day) while the rest of the bling remains naturally ventiated. Moreover, this solution frees up space in the core, which ‘accommodates risers but no large air ducts Wo ar in the rensurance business. For us, Because we pay lems on Beha of cents for floods, host waver, droughts: Yo to extent warming, lc only prudent for ust contbute {ort ae ile ws possible sre ax Suing Drei 50 StNuy Aes qstdin cot ‘orig pvt ne ai, ‘he doubled pare ear et 2. alae section trough ‘tSnson mega op got version pre {Opin pane ages ne nan tye ropa ane 1h wee! ae ba 528 Noman Fstr Wa 8 For mothe ral erties ae thoze ho Commission wisely. To achleve gest arhitecire Sito need a great clon. Patronage cen be pur tobe bola, to full more challenging slong, to sot new standards. Swiss Re relly pushed us to explore now ground = stacy, fnvtonmentaly and socially ~ vitally fo of arttecture snd you find that thas been ‘thaped ot Just by the masters, whose buildings rive tha, but le byte gaat figueswho biggest encry rancor for ‘entation Unifored though swoops tough 3 Toom, rips lass off windows and dumpe papers ‘iteronce and could move lot of “The wells play two important environmental rales, singing light deep int the office foars, thus lessoning the need for arlficial ight, and inroducng fresh a, thus reducing the need for air-conditioning, Fresh ar enters the wel and stale ai escapes, through triangular ‘pening windows in the perimeter. Each sixflor high segment of the wells spirals ‘rough 30 degrees of rotation around the facade as it rises. The diference in air pressure sround the perimeter ofthe building has the ‘effect of binging sir in through some af the ‘openings ané drawing taut though ahers. In some wells, there is alge enough external pressure diferentil to generate stong vertical air movement, though In mast eases the greatest air movement is from a windward atrium in towards the coe before the air fens through the neightouring wells, “This natural system operates excopt when extemal conditions ae too ot or cod, oo windy or wet In such conditions the inteligent building management system (BMS) closes the windows (each is erven by a pair of electric meters, so there is a back up against faire) and tures on the air-conditioning al this Is. dane only where necessary, and progressively as required, Airconditioning s provided by an at handing unit above the cling ofeach spoke! of offices, This draws air through the sit in the glazing transoms into tree plenums and distributes it to soven fan col units, placed above the celng to allow flexibly of office layout below. These units can heat or coal the airas required, Stale ats exhausted through pair of outlets behind the transom sit Although the spokes of office floors within leach sincstorey stack ave not sealed from one Aanather, nor fom flats above or below, the sircondtioning system has been designed £0 that only ana or some af the spokes can be airconditioned it require, while the rest of the floor remains naturally ventilated. Even the ‘windows inthe ightwalls adjacent tothe a conditioned spoke may remain open. What canbe achioved with bulaing design given tire EU energy iboling the longevity ofthe building and maintain & igh teolaced. Now everyting works perfect But stthough the Butaing daring the summer and keeping it warm heray savings oven befor Not al plant, such as the holes ard chiens that provide the hot and child water forthe fan coll units, can be distributed localy in this Tashion, Cental plant ofthis sor is etre in three main places. Mast isn the basement where there are chillers sprinkler pumps and ‘lecticl rooms. The Bolles ae located on the top two floors ofthe Bury Street building where the projecting flues they require are incanepicuous. On the three ore between offices and dome is mainly the plant required {or secting heat and stale ar through the louvred cladding, the cooling towers forthe Airconditoning an extract vents for tllets and kitchens. Also up here are electrical switch rooms, duplicating thase in the basement, to ensure an uninterrupted electricity supply If the lator should fa, It is possible to air- condition only those parts of the building that require it at any moment, while the rest of the building stays naturally ventilated. The flor-to-cling glass ef the cladding maximises the daylight entering the offices, ‘But without external sun conro devices o the tinted glass that protects the ati, this could present prablams with heat admission from the sun thal, especialy in summer falls on much of ‘he bulling's circular perimeter. The solution is the motorised binds ane mechanical veniltion in the cavity between the outer cladding and inner glazed screen ‘When sensors detect itis necessary, the BMS lowers the blinds into the cavity and adjusts the blades to ane of four settings ose a third open, tworthi-ds open anc horizontal (Only when not essential for solar control can the occupants rather than the BMS ‘operate the binds) These blinds exclude al rect sun at angles above 22 degrees and overall eliminate 85 per cent of potential solar gain while admiting 50 percent ofthe ight ‘Sees Re Hendgars 827 ‘The completed open workspaces xtroraiay eh tis posi irom the perimeter ofthe bl of Swiss es standard ple gry in an xpaione characters of Mannatam to ‘windwe beyond these supply wews of and Between the ear ta bugs and ofthe Cs Wow spatially we naps he blog for aroma eatone ling = that allow sunlight to penetra Windows that open out ike Teoves to daw in fresh Sicha salig spc arr ymca tthe city an relating tho workspace to views Flamsn ser etevaned foe BBC TY 27 Apel 3008 Lat Noman Foster bag nod by te BC tne “The heat ofthe blinds is extracted by air kaw through the office floor ito the Bottom of the cay and then up between the binds and the inner glazing by a fan inthe ceiling, to be returned to the airhanding unit and its heat txchanger The temperature inthe outer cavity Imight hse as high as 45 degrees Celsius, but ‘that behind the bins will not effectively exceed 38 degroes, while that in the offices remains ‘comfortable 22 degrees. isan Moran contributed considerably tothe development ofthis deep facada using computations fi <éynamies and dynamic thermal modeling to assess some fourteen diferent facade options. ‘Swiss Re expects its entire staff to enjoy external views, with nobody seated in a ‘back room’ area. By exploiting the potental ofthe buildings environmental systems to the full it can be naturally vetlates without any back-up heating ‘or cooling when the external ar temperature is botweon 12 and 25 dogroes Coss. n those conditions, internal temperatures stay between 20 and 26 degrees, the rte of air change teneuing that even the top of this range i fesparienced as comfortable. H the sensors in each spoke of offices detect the lemperature ‘ising above 26 degrees in any af them, the air conditioning will come on in those spokes while the windows remain open. Only when external temperatures exceed 28 degrees doas the [BMS seal the bulding and ar-condltion the ‘whole of In winter, when external tomperaturas are between 5 and 12 degrees it can remain naturally ventilated, but may need some hesting Below 5 dagrees the building is sealed (partly because there might otherwise be some local condensation), and mechanical ventilated and hested, Used inthis optimal fashion, the building can be natualy ventilated without heating or ‘cooling for an anticipates 40 par cent ofthe year 80 achieving 50 per cent energy savings ‘vera typical prestige ai-conditioned office, Whether or nat that i achieved depends ‘on how the occupants use these systems. AIntorestingly the Commerzbank, which was ‘expected to be naturally ventilated for 80 per cant of the year is in practice naturally ‘ventlated for 80 percent, so this figure may ‘ge, Generally, omer-occupies tons to make more complete use of such eneray'saving systems than tenants, So while Swiss Re 's likey to achieve euch efficiencies an the floors it occupies, it remains to be seen if ‘the tenants an the other loos do 20 too. The architectural team had wanted also {o naturally ventilate even the top thee Haars under the dome and suggested exhausting the ar through the central domed glass element, “abich might be raised ad lawered as quires However, Matthew Kitson considered it probable thatthe strong winds at this height would cause unpredictable inward gusts and loud whiting or howling sounds. Hence these Upper floors are air-conditioned from plant in the Hloars below. 1A pe mio oe pit dhning how he ng cnn as oe ng The tou tah nbepite Sint yo pnt omson he $n ig wih de — a Eso Sis Re Headgars 529 ‘most amazing Keletdoscopcefocs as images omplaaly unforeseen bythe design tho "Norman Fostor Works { and Novman Foster Wark 4 Sone twemenn cai For energy efficiency, on the uppermost ioc this dsplacamant system only keeps the three metres or so immediately above floor levol comfortable, allowing the ar shove that to become considerably warmer before being ‘extracted by the fans in the rng cow around the conral glass lens. Lest it should have proved necessary pcovsion was made to adé ‘a computer-contraled tracking sunshade later, somewhat lke that in the dome of the Reichstag, o shade even the diminished

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