Artificial Intelligence (AI) : the discipline trying to reproduce intelligence, a

set of solutions to solve problems, as software. Arguably often the state of the
art in algorithms at large but also a philosophical view.

Machine Learning (ML) : the sub-discipline of AI focusing on transforming a

large a mount of data to a model, basically curve fitting

Soft Computing : the sub-discipline of AI focusing on heuristics, imperfect

solutions to complex problems, arguably including ANN

Natural Language Processing (NLP) : the sub-discipline of AI focusing on

handling human language directly, ideally without limiting it to a subset of
language

Neural Networks (ANN) : the sub-discipline of AI, arguably part of ML,

focusing on training a set of units to match an input dataset, inspired by
some principles used in biological brains