CONFIDENTIAL, UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR Malaysian Institute Of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology FINAL EXAMINATION JANUARY 2012 SESSION SUBJECT CODE CKD 20002 SUBJECT TITLE REACTOR TECHNOLOGY LEVEL DIPLOMA TIME / DURATION 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: 4, Please read CAREFULLY the instructions given in the question paper. 2. This question paper has information printed on both sides of the paper. 43. This question paper consists of two sections; Section A and Section B. 4, Answer ALL questions in Section A and ONLY THREE (3) questions in Section B. 5, Please markiwrite your answers on the OMR answer script and answer booklet provided THERE ARE 11 PAGES OF QUESTIONS, EXCLUDING THIS PAGE. THIS QUESTION BOOKLET IS NOT TO BE TAKEN OUT OF THE EXAMINATIONJANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL, SECTION A (Total: 25 marks) INSTRUCTION: Answer ALL questions. Please use the OMR FORM provided. The assumption made when studying an IDEAL Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor is, A. perfect mixing B. adiabatic operation c. constant volume D. unsteady state operation A catalyst A. isused up very quickly in a reaction is used up quite quickly in a reaction. B. ©. is used up very slowly in @ reactian. D. is not used up in a reaction. In Plug Flow Reactor, the composition of fluid changes through ‘A. the inlet of the reactor, B, the outlet of the reactor. C. the length of the reactor. D. none af the above. ‘The advantages of Plug Flow Reactor compared to other reactors are | easy to clean when shutdown I high conversion per unit volume Ill, low operating cost IV. good temperature central A Landi Wand il land Ill Wand The type of adsorption that affects the rate of chemical reaction is known as A absorption 8, chemisorption ©, physisorption D. van der Waals CMD 208? REACTOR TECHNOLOGY 1JANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL * ‘Questions (6) to (7} are referring to the statement below; ‘Consider a gas phase elementary reaction 2A > B using pure A with initial concentration 0.2 molidm®, temperature 500 K and pressure 82 atm, The reaction takes place in a constant volume stainless steel batch reactor. The value of reaction rate constant is 0.5 dm*#mot, 6 Calculate the final concentration of gas A after 90 % conversion A 0.20 mavdm? B 0,02 mova? C018 mova? D. 0.10 movam® 7. Find the time needes to achieve 90% conversion. A tds 8. 90s cs D. 46s 8 Ifthe rate for a particular reaction at 473 K js three times faster than it was at 423 K, salculate the activation energy (R = 8.314 Jimol.K). A 365kJimol B. 35.6KJ/mol C. 53.6 Kimo! D. §6.3-k/mot Qo 9 Conversion X means the total number of moles of A that have reacted up to that Point per mole of A fed to the first reactor, The definition can only be used when 1 there are no side streams withdrawn Il. the feed stream enters only the first reactor in series, Hil there is recycle stream withorawn IV, there is purge stream with¢rawn A land © Mandi B. landitl DB iandiv (CKD 20002 REACTOR TECHNOLOGYJANUARY 2012 (CONFIDENTIAL The reaction in which the rate law equation corresponds to a stoichiometric equation is called A. nonelementary reaction B elementary reaction G,_ heterogeneous reaction D. homogeneous reaction ‘The catalyst increases the reaction rate by ‘A. increasing the activation energy decreasing the activation eneray B. ©. breaking down the molecules D. increasing the collisions the molecules Define the activation energy. A ‘The energy that must be possessed by reacting molecules before the reaction occurs, B. The energy produced from a chemical reaction The minimum energy that must be possessed by reacting molecules before the reaction occurs, ‘The maximum energy that must be possessed by reacting molecules before the reaction occurs. Chemical identity is determined from A the kind and atomic number 8. the kind and configurations ©. the atomic number and configurations 1D. the kind, atomic number and configurations Choose the FALSE statement is about the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) of a reactor, A, tig acharacteristic of the mixing that occurs in the chemical reactor B_ RTD is very useful for the perfectly mixed reactors. ©. Different reactors can display identical RTO. 1D, The two methods of injection for RTD measurement are Pulse Input and Step Input 2 REACTOR TECHNOLOGY 3JANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL . 15. Acatalyst is usually A atransition metal B anoble gas ©. ahalogen D, a covalent molecule 16. Evaluate which arrangement will give a higher reactor volume at the same conversion, A, PFR + CSTR 8, CSTR-+PFR C. PFR +PFR D. CSTR +CSTR e 17. Select the statement that explains why the speed of some chemical reactions is increased when the surface area of the reactant is increased, A. This change increases the density of the reactant particles, 8, This change increases the concentratian of the reactant ©, This change exposes more reactant particles to a possible collision D. This change alters the electrical conductivity of the reactant particles, 18. Reactors are connected in series so that A the exit stream of one reactor is the feed stream for another reactor. B the feed stream of one reactor is the exit stream for another reactor, Cc. the exit stream of one reactor is the exit stream for another reactor. D. the feed stream of one reactor is the feed stream for another reactor e 19. For a reaction A + B + C, the rate equation is Rate of reaction = KA] ‘The FALSE statement is the unit of the rate constant is s”" the rate depends on the concentration of A the rate is independent of the concentration of B. a plot of [A] against time is linear. poms ‘CKD 20002 REACTOR TECHNOLOGY 4JANUARY 2012 ‘CONFIDENTIAL Questions (20) to (22) are referring to Figure 1 below; Conversion, X Figure 4 The entering molar flowrate is 0.867 molis, 20. The above Levenspiel plot refers to the configuration of A. PFR-PFR in series 8. PFR-CSTRin series C. CSTR CSTR in series D. -CSTR-PFR in series ‘The equation used to calculate the volume ef the first reactor is. Calculate the volume of the second reactor. A 131.4 dm? Bo 208.1 dm? ©. 98.5 am? o 130.9 dm? (CKD 20002 REACTOR TE OLOGYJANUARY 2012, (CONFIDENTIAL 23. Aspace time of 3 hours for a flow reactor means. A. B. c BD. 3 reactor volumes of feed can be processed every hour. it takes 3 hours to dup the entire volume of the reactor with feed, the conversion after 3 hours. the time required to process one reactor volume of feed (measured at specified condition) fs 3 hours. 24, The reactant that has been adsorbed onto the catalyst surface is capable to react in a number of ways te form the reaction product. Below are the ways EXCEPT A B C D. Fisher-Tropsch Single site Dual site Eley-Rideal 25. The pores are sa small that they will only admit small molecules but prevent lerge ‘ones from entering. This type of catalyst is called A B. fe} D. Monolithic: Supported Porous Molecular sieves: CKD 20002 REACTOR TECHNOLOGY 6JANUARY 2012 CONFIDENT SECTION 8 (Total: 75 marks) INSTRUCTION: Answer only THREE (3) questions. Please use the answer booklet provided, ‘Question 1 (2) List FOUR (4) factors that influence the rate of reactions. (4 marks) {o) With the aid of appropriate diagram, explain how the factors can help to increase or decrease the rate of reaction (15marks) The following data were abtained trom a chemical process that is dependent of temperature change Table 2: Value of Rate Constant, k, at Different Temperatures 99 calimal.K), (8 marks) Determine the activation energy, E5 of this reaction (R = Calculate the frequency factor (3 marks) Question 2 (@) Describe TWO (2) types of catalysis. (4 marks) (b) With the aid of diagram, describe the steps in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction (12 marks) (©) Explain briefly THREE (3) types of catalyst deactivation. (9 marks} CKD 2000. REACTOR TECHNOLOGY *JANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL, ‘Question 3 The gas phase reaction is given as follows, 2A+B 504d The irreversible reaction is carried out isothermally in a reactor. Fram a prior study, it was determined that the maction is first order with respect to A and first order with respect to B. The inlet gas mixture of A and B consists of 45 mol%s of B and the rest is from reactant A The reaction is conducted at an initia flow rate of 20 dm*/s at 50.5 °C with the entering total pressure of 333.33 kPa, The data are tabulated as shown in Table 1 Table 4 x =f, (molim’.s) 0.0 045 02 0.30 | 04 0.195 068 og os 0.05 By using the data in Table 1, calculate the individual reactor volumes and subsequently the total reactor volume far the follwing schema, Given the intermediate conversion is 35%6 and the final conversion is 70%. (a) Scheme A: PFR-> CSTR (14 marks} (b) Scheme B: CSTR» PFR (8 marks) (c} SchemeD: 1 CSTRonly (3 marks) Clay mer RekcroeTtEcHNOUDCY 8JANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL, Question 4 The gas-phase reaction: A>B+C is carried out thermally in a 25 dm® constant-volume batch reactor. 50 moles of pure A is initially placed in the reactor. The reactor is well mixed, (a) State TWO (2) assumptions in the derivation of design equation for Batch reactor (3 marks) (@) __ Caleulate the time necessary to consume 45 moles of & if ~fa = kCa 0.865 mit (10 marks) If the reaction in is carried out in PFR with volumetric flowrate v, = 2.5 dmi/s, calculate the volume, space time and space velocity of reactor (12 marks) END OF THE QUESTION oud Sen ebirine Perient baseJANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL APPENDICES A. LIST OF INTEGRALS Jur-x ay See xF B. LIST OF FORMULATIONS ui ao 4 ra(X;) ta (Xa) R = 8.314 kPadm'imol.k 082 dm*.atmimol.K 314 dimoL.k = 1.987 callmol.K ena eraerAa erasJANUARY 2012 CONFIDENTIAL C, FACTORS FOR UNIT CONVERSIONS Quantity Equivalent Values Mass 1kg = 1000 g = 0.001 metric ton = 2.20462 Iby = 35.27392 oz 1 iy = 16 02 = 8x 10°" ton = 453.583 g = 0.453589 kg Length tm = 100 em = 1000mm = 10° microns (jum) = 10'° angstroms (4) = 89,87 in = 3.2808 ft = 1,0996 yd = 0.006214 mile tft = 12in= 1/3 yd = 0.9048 m=30.48 em Volume am? = 1000 liters = 10° cm? = 40° mi = 36,3145 ft" = 220.83 imperial gallons = 264.17 gal = 1056.68 at tf = 1728 in? = 7.4805 gal = 0.028317 m* = 28.317 liters = 28317 cn Pressure 1 atm = 1.01325 x 10° Nim® (Pa) = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bars = 1.01325 x 10° dynesicm? = 760 mm Hg at 0°C (torr) = 10.333 m H,0 at 4° = 14.896 IbJin® (psi) = 33.9 ft H,0 at4°C = 28,921 in Hg at °C Energy 43 =4N.um= 10" ergs = 107 dyne.cm = 2.778 x 107 kWh = 0.23801 cal = 0.7376 filly = 9.486 x 10°* Btu Temperature "F = 1,8 x"C + 32 R= °F +-450.68 K = °G+278.15 "R= 18xK