Exam question 6

PHARMACODYNAMICS
ACTION of drug on the body, principles of receptors interection, mech of therapeutic and
toxic action and dose-response relationship.
PRINCIPLES OF DRUG ACTION
1. stimulation-selective increase of level of activity of specialized cells
2. depression- decrease activity of specialized cells
3. irritation-non selective effect on non specialized cells(epithelium) mild irritation
stimulate associated function, strong irritation results in inflammation, necrosis
and morphological damage
4. replacement- use of natural metabolites, hormones or theire congeners in
deficiency states
5. cytotoxic action-selective action for invading parasites or cancer cells without
affecting host cells is used of infection and neoplasm.
MECH OF ACTION
1. physical action-a physical p chemical action-drug reacts extra cellularly acc to
chemical equation
2. property of drug is response for the action
3. through enzymes-drug that increases or decreases the rate of enzymatically
mediated reaction
DRUG RECEPTOR INTERECTION
1. agonist is drug that binds and activates receptor
2. full agonist-drug when bind to receptors produces a max biologic response
3. partial agonist-drug produces less than 100% of max possible biologic response , no
matter how high their concentration
4. antagonist-drug that binds to receptors or other drug and inhibits biologic response
COMBINED EFFECT OF DRUG
Effect may increase (synergism) or decrease ( antagonism) in combined usage
Antagonism: effect of drug A+B < effect of drugA + effect of drug B
Synergism: effect A+B = EA + E B
FACTORS MODIFYING DRUG ACTION
Quantitatively: plasma concentration is increase or decreased
Qualitatively: type of response
1. body size
2. age
3. sex
4. species and race
5. genetics
6. route of administration

7. environment and time of administration

8. psychological state
9. pathological state
10. tolerance
11. other drug