I.

| 01
| 02
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| 05
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Indonesia

1.
1.

()
13 5.78% (: 6.5%)
09(4.6%)
, , ,

09)6.1%(
10)6.5%(
11)6.2%(
12)5.8%(
13)
* : 4.6%(

14
14 , WB,


14 (
13 10 )
14 GDP 6.0% *, ADB
6.0%

* , (4) (7)

2014
: 6%, 5.5%, 10,500, 870B/D, 1,240B/D
1840, 1670Rp, 175 Rp, GDP 1.69%
* 2013 2.49%

: 3336000Rp, : 558000Rp

, World Bank, IMF , ,

5.3%, 5.5%

(WB)

*, **
* GDP 30%
** FDI FDI
, ,

,

96

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

()

4.63

6.22

6.49

6.23

5.78

1 GDP

US$

2,300

2,985

3,509

3,591

3,417

US $

5,387

7,093

8,456

8,778

8,703

2.78

6.96

3.79

4.28

7.57

7.87

7.14

6.56

6.14

6.25

US $

1,165

1,578

2,035

1,900

1,826

US $

968

1,357

1,774

1,917

1,866

US $

197

222

261

-16

-40

US $

108

162

195

246

286

GDP

* : IMF, /

(/) ,

* (GDP%) : (11) -1.1 (12) -1.9 (13) -2.5 (14) -2.6

* : 146Rp( 1,335.7Rp, 1,481.7Rp)

11.12
13 GDP
-3.4% , (
13.12) 994

()
97 ,
.
11.12): BB+BBB-(), Moodys(
12.1): Ba1Baa3,(),
* Fitch(
S&P(
13.5.2.): BB+ ( )

() 3,692 0.21% 1,825.7(3.9%),

1,866.3(2.6%) 40.6 .
08 78.2 ,
*
2 (12:16.5, 13:40.6)

* :
,

* , , , / 50%
*
05 1000 ,
11 2000
12

12

* 76.0%, 16.9%, 7.0%

97

 44 , 27 127

4

2010

2011

2012

280

416

103

2013

370

326

-11.75

17.87

138

123

102

-16.99

5.59

40

49

42

43

3.26

2.35

137

229

205

181

-11.65

9.93

1,297

1,620

1,530

1,499

-2.03

82.13

517

558

573

2.86

3.14

1222

1,161

1,130

-2.67

61.91

347

313

312

-0.55

17.08

1,578

2,036

1,900

1,826

-3.92

100

274

407

426

453

6.35

24.25

86

111

108

136

-3.15

7.28

180

281

287

286

1.94

15.31

14

31

31

118.17

1.67

1,083

1,367

1,491

1,414

-5.2

75.75

1,357

1,774

1,917

1,866

-2.64

100

222

263

-17

-40

2,935

3,810

3,817

3,692

Gas

Gas

* : , :

()
13 398.6Rp(27.3% ) 390.3Rp

(DDI) 128.2Rp(39.0% , 108.9% ), (FDI) 286
(270.4Rp, 22.4% , 99.2%), 67.8%
,
10

FDI

98

* :

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

1,221

3,076

4,342

4,579

9,612

108

162

196

246

286

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

,

10) 34.9(
11) 47.9(
12) 55.4(
13)
* 2 : 20.6%(

(WB) :

(WB)




2009~2012 (GDP) 1.8% ,
(3.4%), (3.2%), (2.5%)




*

* BCA

2.

()
13 10
13 915 1.4%(13.2)
*
* 1: (286.6B), 2: (139.9B), 3: UAE(110.8B), 4: (90.7B), 5
: (86B), 6: (48.2B), 7: (40.1B), 8: (20.6B), 9: (16
B)

()
13 2
13 39,326 11.6%(4,534)
*
* 1: (13,617), 3: (4,477), 4: (4,152), 5: (3,692)
99

()
12 2
12 117,619 32.2%(37,917)
*
* 1: (42,849), 3: (11,850), 4: (11,408), 5: (6,704)

()
12 2 ()
12 37,443 9.8%(3,657)
*
* 1: (14,959), 3: (2,880), 4: (2,432), 5: (1,194)

(
12)
(A)

(B)

A/B(%)

12
()

55.29

8,609

0.6

14

3.9 (5)

800

4,900

16.3

41 (2)

28,000

680,000

4.1

430 (11)

3,000

52,000

5.8

95 (8)

3,900

75,000

5.2

320 (2)

40

20,000

0.2

28

88/ (22)

m3

3.1

221

1.4

13

820 (10)

( , , , , )
* : USGS() Mineral commodity summaries, 2013

3.

12 12 , 12
: (4), (2), SK(1), (1),
(1), GS(3), GS(2), (2), (1),
E&R(1), (1), (1)

12

100

12

2,013

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

11 , 2
13 47*

* (29), (2), (7), (5), (1), (3)

( : , %)

09

10

()

()

11

()

()

285(28)

875(33)

350(27)

2,958(30)

238(23)

700(27)

205(16)

1,311(13)

178(17)

542(21)

189(15)

1,203(12)

130(13)

181(14)

1,129(12)

74(7)

58(2)

52(5)

42(2)

34(3)

32(1)

35(3)

169(6)

1,026(100)

222(8)

497(5)

77(6)

487(5)

35(3)

344(4)

127(10)

1,881(19)

2,640(100)

115(9)

1,279(100)

9,811(100)

2.
1.
. ,

1 , ,
1/3 .1)

5 , 1 . , .
, . , -
- .

1) 2013 403.66 Rp(: 144.60, : 257.28, : 0.4) 28% .

101

 (reserves) 211 14, 11% .

(kal/gr ADB) (<5100) 41%, (5100-6100) 47%,
(6100-7100) 11%, (>7100) 1% .
2) 14% , 12%
.
(DMO:Dometic Market Obligation)3) 20-25% ,
4,000-6,000Kal/Kg(GAR ).
(PLN) 49.29, (IPP) 12.07
, 15.21 (2013 )

2 1 . Bangka PT. Tambang Timah

. 2 3 .

6 . PT Freeport Indonesia PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara

( ) 97% .

2) , , , , , , , , , , , .
3) 2013 DMO 72.2( 82.02 , ), CoWs 61.76, IUP 10.31
.

102

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

(
12)

13
()

13
()

(A)

(B)

A/B(%)

()

211.32

9,090.64

2.3%

14

3.91 (5)

3.06 (1)

, ,
,

()

800

4,900

16.3%

100 (2)

88.0 (1)

28,000

680,000

4.1%

716 (11)

450.0 (6)

()

3,000

52,000

5.8%

88 (8)

3,900

75,000

5.2%

37,000 (2)

60.0 (3)

()

4)

* : Indonesian Mineral book, 2014

, , , ,
, .

4) 13 : 54, 11

103

Bumi Resources, Kideco, / Freeport, Newmont

.

(
13)

53.5

91

4,130

52.3

91

PT. Kideco, Jaya Agung

1,376

37

93

PT. Bumi Resources Tbk

2,486

28.8

89

Berau

PT Berau Coal Energy

1,291

20.3

94

Tanjung Eninm

PT. Bukit Asam

7,295

Batu Hijau

,,

Newmont Mining Corp,

Sumitomo Corp

Buli

Aneka Tambang TBK

Grasberg

,,

PT Freeport Indonesia Company

(Freeport-Mcmoran
Copper and Gold Inc)

Bahubulu

PT Aneka Tambang TBK

Kaltim Prima
Coal(KPC)

PT Bumi Resources,
Tata Power

7,057

Adaro

PT Alam Tri Abadi,

PT Viscaya Investment

Pasir

Arutimin

()

16

906,810

222
()

99

54,400

27
()

01

2,664,000

600
()

72

90,750

2.

) , ) ,
) , ) , ) 5), )
( ) .

, .

10,917 C&C(Clean & Clear)

.

5) , , , , CSR

104

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

C&C6)

3,560

2,444

6,004

Non C&C

3,433

1,480

4,913

6,993

3,924

10,917

2014 5 , (3,922) 2,533(C&C 1,472),

1,389(C&C 989).
CCOW 1417) 1(81-90) 9, 2(1994)
12, 3(97-00) 33.

MOMI(Minerba One Map Indonesia)

(city, regency, province) IUP .

3.

. : (Indies Mining Law, 1899)

, 1852
. 1899 (Indies mining law)
, ( / ) .

6) Clean and Clear:

7) 66, Active 75, 4, FS7, 10, 54

105

1904 (concession right) .

, .

1918 , 75 40 ,
, .

. (1945-1998)

1945 33.3 . Sukarno

(1945-1966) , 1959 Law 10/1959
1899 .

, GR in Liew of Law 37/1960

1899 . 44/19608) (/ )
, . , 44/1960
(/) .
1967 11 , (strategic), (vital), 9)
.
A ,
B , ,
. , ,
.

(1966-1998) Law 1/1967( ), Law 11/1967()

, Freeport .
Law 11/1967 Cow , (Contractor) .
30 11/1967, GR32/1969 .

8) 1960 Law 44/1960 / , / ,

. (/ )
9) *(Strategic Minerals) :
*(Vitals Minerals) :
*(Other Minerals) :

106

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

, GR37/1986 .
, . ,
.

1996, (75/1996) .

. (1998-)

/ , CoW, CCoW
. .

Law 4/2009 4 .
, , ,
.

. 10)
(1)

2 1967 , )
, ) 2007
.

(KK, PKP2B, KP, KPD, SIUP)

(COW, KP) (IUP, IUPK, IPR) ,
.

Cow, KP , ,
(licencing) .

, , , ,
.

10) PWC Mining in Indonesia Investment and Taxation Guide(2013), 2009, Mining and Development in
Indonesia: An Overview of the Regulatory Framework and Policies(2013)

107

 ,
.

, 3
, . , 2014
1 .

(2)

2009 1945 33 . ,
, , , DMO, , ,
, .
2009

108

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

3.
1.

(installed capacity) 2013 47,128MW (PLN 74%, IPP 22%,

PPU 4%), 38,096kmc11), 741,957kmc12). , ,
. 2022
104.431MW . (2013-2022 RUPTL PLN)

(generating capacity) 2013 213TWh, 2022 438TWh

. ,
, , . 2012
71.6.

(2013) 51.6%, 23.6%, 12.5%, 7.9%, 4.4%
(2022) 66%, 16.3%, 1.7%, 5%, 11%

(PLN), (IPP: Independent Power Producer)

(Private Power Utility Companies) .
2013 PLN 72% 35.2GW, IPPs 10.4GW(21%), PPUs 1.8GW(4%)
.
PLN PT. Indonesia Power, PT. Pembangkit Jawa Bali, PT. PLN Batam .

IPP(Indepent Power Producer) ,

(IUPTLs) PLN IPP . 95% , 10MW
49% .
37 IPP (7,331MW) , 162 IPP(7,649MW)
.

11) 500KV:5,052kmc, 275KV:1,028kmc, 150KV:27,780kmc, 70KV:4,228kmc

12) MV:313,050kmc, LV:428,907kmc

109

 37 (70%), (14%), (9%), (5%), (1%), marine

fuel oil(1%). (77%), (11%), (7%), (4%), (1%)
.
162 (57%), (27%), Mini power(10%), (3%),
(3%) . (41%), (34%), (7%), (5%), (3%), (10%)
.

(PPUs) Izin Operasi (IO: Operational Licence)

. IUPTL ( PLN)
, PLN , ,
.

(2012 )
: 81,806MW (13)
- (%): 30.7, LNG 26.8, 25.3, 6.5, 5.7, 5.0
- : 87.8%, 12.2% (LNG 72%, 19%, 6%, 3%)
: 508,380MW
- (%): 39.4, 29.6, LNG 24.9, 3.1, 2.3, 0.7

. (electrification rate)

13) 2013 80.51% 80% , , ,

. (Java) (Bali)
30%
.

14) , ,
, , .
(MP3EI) 2025 90GW
, 2022 97.7% .
2014 2022 59.5GW . ( 6GW )

110

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

, , , .

(RUKN) 10 .
, , , 2020
4.9 12.4% .

(RUPTL) (PLN) .
10 , , , ,
.
RUPTL(2012-2021) , 2021 57.3GW .
37.7GW , 6.3GW , 5.7GW , 4.1GW , 2.5GW ,
0.9GW .
, 27.8GW(48%) IPP (329) 6.29GW FTP
, 4.61GW PPP, 16.9GW PLN regular program .

(RUKD) 2009 .
RUKN , licensing tariff
, .

2.

25
. 7.8% , 15) 2013 188TWh
2022 386TWh (8.4%) .

13) : 89.7, 97.3, 99.3, 99.4, 100

14) : 99.9, 70.9-89.7, 79.3-86.3, 66.2-95.5, 62.5-81.8, 78.1, 54.8 ~
64.4, 78.9, 36.4-75.5
15) * (Total Concumption of Electricity):

* (Net Consumption of Electricity):

111

16) 40% 35%

.

2009 , , , ,
6 .

11 : 455TWH (8)
- 53.2%, 29.9%, 16.9%
(
02-
11) 5.6%
- 6.4%, 6.0%, 4.6%

2007-30 7 ,
.

(Social Service), (Household), (Business),

(Industry), (Government&Street Lightning), (Train Traction),
(Bulk Selling), (Special Service) 8 37
.
,
.
2013 4 15% , 2014
2014-6 I3 11,129 371, I4
61 2014.5.1 2 4 I3 38.9%,
I4 64.7% .

2013 PLN Rp1,380/kWh , Rp818.41/

kWh .
2012 Rp728.55/kWh 2013 12.3% . ,
.
, 2013 99.8 2014 71.4
.

112

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

. , ,

, ,
.

1970 , ,
, , (Irian Jaya)
.
IPP PLN , CPP
.
2022 56,314kmc , PLN17) 77
.

4.
. 18)

1.

1885
1990 40% . 2005 20%
2012 24% .

. 27
2013 37barrel (proven reserve) .
, ,
.

16) (40.6%), (34.6%), (18.4%), (6.4%)

17) (PLN) -, , 3 600
18) - (
12,
13,
14)

113

 ,
*19) .

,
. .

2013 10 ,
14, - 1, 3 .

103 TCF,
.
Natuna , Kalimantan, Sumatra, Papua
. Natuna D-Alpha block( 46TCF)
.

, (2012 1 )
Oil Reserves

Gas Resources

(MMSTB: Million Stock Tank Barrels)

(TCF: Trillions Cubic Feets)

3,414.75

9.28

East Java

969.6

5.26

South Sumatra

813.6

16.08

Borneo

608.9

16.65

West Java

504.4

2.98

Natuna

308.6

90.27

NAD

125.21

7.38

North Sumatra

116.24

1.23

Papua

85.07

24.14

Celebes

46.52

2.57

Moluccas

22.24

15.21

7,015.13

191.05

Central Sumatra

Total
* : Indonesia Petroleum Association Report

114

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

2.
.

1962 OPEC .
20) 04 .
OPEC 21) 2008 OPEC .

, , .
, , .
2009 19.3% , (14.6%),
(8.7%), (3.9%) .

Pertamina
, 2013 70%~80% .
Pertamina
.
Pertamina (KPC) 2
, ARAMCO
.

70% 400,000bpd
.

30 LNG , 1999
2,910 . , 5
LNG .
10 LNG ,
.

19) .
20) 1995 1.6 .
21) OPEC 2010 2,484 /.

115

2013 7.4 bcf/d

, , , , LNG
.
2013 181.3
9.93% .
, ,

Oil

37

27 (>> )
0.2%

Gas

103 TCF

14 (>>> )
1.6%

882 /

24 (>>> )
1.1%

70.4 BCM

14 (>>> )
1.6%

51.2

Oil

Gas

Oil

Gas

Oil

pipe line:10.2 BCM

LNG:25BCM

* 5 LNG
(>>>> )

1,623/

:2,460 thousand barrels daily

34BCM

: 50BCM

Gas

* 2013 , 2014. 6 BP

3.

(Pertamina) (PSCs, Production Sharing Contractors)

. 89.1%
, 10.9% .

2010 29
. 157 , , 59
.

116

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

PSC / Production Ratio

Chevron Pacific Indonesia

40

Total E&P Indonesia

21

Pertamina

15

BP Berau

15

Total E&P Indonesia

Pertamina

13

PHE-ONWJ

ConocoPhilips(Gresik)Ltd.

13

CNOOC

ConocoPhilips Ind.Ltd

ConocoPhilips Indonesia

Vico Ind

CICO

ExxonMobil Oil

Exxon Mobil Cepu Ltd

Kangean Energy

PetroChina Int.(Jabung)Ltd

PetroChina Int.(Jabung)Ltd

41 Other PSC Contractors

15

43 Other PSC Contractors

16

2013 83, 130 . , 740 (worked)

840 (drilled) .

2012 , Chevron Pacific Indonesia 40%, Pertamina

15%, Total E&P 8% .

90% 20 , Cepu
. 2008
.

(Sumatra) (Minas) (Duri),

30% .
, Java , Kalimantan, Natuna
.
2 oil field(Minas, Duri fields) Chevron steam flooding
.

2009 (Exxon Mobil)

(Cepu) 6 2014 16 5,000
.
117

.
Irian Jaya, Gorontalo Basin, Sulawesi, Maluku, Arafura Sea
.

(Oil)

Cepu

* Java Cepu oil project
4 fileds (Banyu Urip, Jambaran, Alas Tua, Kedung Keris) Oil 600million
barrel Gas 1.7TCF .
* : ExxonMobil 45%, Pertamina 45%, 10%

* 1941 Rokan block steamflood (EOR)

Duri

* 20b/d , 20 barrel
* Conoco Phillips , PT Medco Energi
50MCF/d 3
* : Chevron 100%

Minas

* Sumatra Chevron 40
barrel
* 1995 US$ 400 million 13 zone steam flooding system(EOR)
, chemical injection project(EOR)

* Ketapang PSC Petronas 2008 Conoco Phillips

Bukit Tua

* Oil 50-80 million barrel, Gas 100 bcf

* Ketapang PSC Jenggolo oil & gas discovery Payang gas
discovery

Mahakam

* Total 2008 South Mahakam, Stupa, West Stupa, East Mandu discoveries

* South Mahakam liquids 14,700 b/d, Gas 114 mcf/d

Total 2.57 bcf/d . Chevron Ganal-Rapak

, Pertamina Natuna D-Alpha field, ConocoPhillips North Belut
field .

118

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

3 (Arun, Badak, Tangguh22)) , 2

(Donggi Senoro, Masela) .
Arun 6 train 13.2/ 2 train
, 2014 .23)

(Gas)

* Chevron Kalimantan
* Floating production units 2 barge 30 sunsea wells,
130km gas export lines

Ganal-Rapak

* 700 mcf/d, liquids 25,000 b/d Gendalo facility Maha,

Gendalo, Gandang discoveries
* 2013 Gas 150,000 mcf/d , 2016 900,000 mcf/d

* ; Chevron 80%, Eni 20%

Natuna
D-Alpha block

* ExxonMobil
Pertamina , Peratmina 60%

* 46tcf

Offshore
Mahakam

* Kalimantan offshore Mahakam PSC Total

* Gas 2.6 bcf/d , South Mahakam
Gas 114 mcf/d, Liquids 14,700 b/d
* Natuna Natuna block B

North Belut

* 2009 ConocoPhillips 6,000 b/d,

80,000-90,000 mcf/d , 20,000 b/d, 200,000 mcf/d

* ; ConocoPhillips 40%, Inpex 35%, Chevron 25%
* Java Sampang block( 150 bcf) ,
Wortel gas field Santos

Woeteland
Oyong

* 2011 50-60 mcf/d , Grati power plant

Power Grati
* : Santos 45%, Singapore Petroleum Company 40%, Cue Energy 15%

22) Tangguh 1,2 3(BP, 120, 380/) , SKK MIGAS .

23) Pertamina Arun Receiving-and re-gasification terminal LNG
(80 ), PGN FSRU .(200)

119

 LNG Liquefaction 24)

Project

Bontang

Badak,
East Kalimantan

Arun

North Sumatra

Tangguh

Donggi-
Senoro

West Papua

Central Sulawesi

Capacity
(mtpa:million metric
tons pers annum)

22.5 (8trains)

10 (6trains)

Gas Sourced
from

Pertamina 55%
Vico 20%, Total 10%
JILCO 15%

Total
Chevron
VICO

Japan
Korea
Taiwan

Pertamina 55%
ExxonMobil 30%
JILCO 15%

ExxonMobil

7.6
(2Trains:
2009 )
*3Train 2018

(3.8; 40% PLN )

BP 37.16%
CNOOC 16.96%
Mitsubishi 16.3%
Nippon oil 12.23%
KG 10%
LNG Japon 7.35%

BP

2.0
2014
(280 )

Medco11%
Pertamina:29%
Mitsubishi:44.9%
Kogas:15%

Matindok
gas block

Japan
Korea

China
Korea
Mexico
Japan

Japan
Korea

4.

Pertamina 6 , 1.03 /
.

, 2007 / LPG .

Pertamina

(/)

RU II Dumai-Sungai Pakening

162

RU III Plaju

124

348

260

125

10

RU IV Cilacap
RU V Balikpapan
RU VI Balongan
RU VII Kasim-Sorong
* : ReforMiner Institute

120

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

5.

2011 , 49.7% , 24.5% , 20.1%

, (3.4%), (1.3%), (1%)

5.7% .

(A)

/(B)

(B/A)

75,000 MW

7,572 MW

10.1%

28,617 MW

1,343.5 MW

4.7%

49,810 MW

1,716.5 MW

5.26%

4.8 kWh//d

42.77 MW

3-6 m/s

1.87 MW

9 GW

0.01 MW

7,408.24 billion barel

3,741.33 billion barel

12 yr

150.7 TSCF

161.3 billion ton

28.17 billiton ton

89 yr

CBM

453.3 TSCF

574 TSCF

Shael Gas

103.35 BSCF

35 yr

* :

2.5 2-2.5% ,
. 5-6% 7-8%
, .
2011, 6,5 BOE/, 3.3 BOE/. ,
2019 . 2019
.

24) Integrated LNG Supply Project: Arun(), Bontang(), Tangguh(), Non-integrated LNG Project:: Dongggi Senoro
LNG Plant( LNG )

121

* : - (2014) NNREC

,
. 2006 (, No.5/2006) 2007
(No.30/2007) (diversification)
(conservation) .

, , 25) 2011 5.7%

2025 17% . 15 6.7GW
, .

2013 4 . (No.4051/ 2013) )

, ) ) )
.

) )
, , , )
(solid, gas, liquid) , ) /
, ) (, , CBM, ) /
.

25) : CBM, , , ,
: , , , (), (2007, )

122

2014
The Current Situation and Policy of
Energy / Resources

(
25)
(17)

(%)

20

30

33

, ,

(
25)
()

2010

2015

2020

2025

(Kilo Liter)

2,410,000

4,250,000

7,230,000

10,220,000

(Kilo Liter)

1,480,000

2,780,000

4,530,000

6,280,000

30

60

120

200

(MW)

1,320

4,340

5,090

5,270

(MW)

10

40

80

160

(MW)

80

100

120

580

(MW)

450

740

950

950

(MW)

* : Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

(PLN)
(Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources) No. 1122
(Geothermal Law) No. 27(2006) .

No. 36(2010) .
, 95%,
90% .

,
.
, , 6 5% , ,
10% , 10 .

123