Im-ew- ssI¡p-¼n-fnð-

ap-t¼ \-S-óp-t]m-b-hÀ- tem-I-¯n-\p- \ð-In-b- ap-{Z-W-§Ä- ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d-bv-¡m-bn- I-cp-Xn-

kq-£n-¨n-cn-¡-bm-Wv- F-S-¡m-Sv- Ip-än-¡-Iw- ^n-^m- a-³knð- d-^o-Jv.- N-cn-{X-¯n-sâ- sN-dn-
sbm-cp- i-I-ew- Cu- ti-J-c-¯nð- Nn-d-Ip-hn-SÀ-¯p-óp.- a-lm-c-Y-òmÀ- D-]-tbm-Kn-¨- \m-W-
bw,- kv-äm-¼p-IÄ,- A-f-hp-Xq-¡- D-]-I-c-W-§Ä,- {Km-a-t^m-Wp-IÄ- F-ón-§-s\- A-]qÀ-h-
ti-J-c-am-Wv- d-^o-Jn-tâ-Xv.- dn-kÀ-hv- _-¦v- ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- ]p-d-¯n-d-¡p-ó- ]-¯p-cq-]- \m-W-
bw-sXm-«v- 1830 ap-X-ep-f-f- B-[m-cw- h-sc- Cu- ti-J-c¯nð- `{Zw.-

Po-hn-Xw- I-cp-¸n-Sn-¸n-¡m-\m-bn- _w-K-fq-cp-hn-te-¡v- h-ïn- I-b-dn-b-t¸mÄ- kzn-äv-kÀ-e-³Unð-

\n-óp-f-f- km-bn-¸v- sIm-Sp-¯- \m-W-b-§-fm-Wv- d-^o-Jn-sâ- Po-hn-X-¯nð- h-gn-¯n-cn-hm-b-
Xv.- hn-h-c-km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpw- \m-\m-Xz-¯nð- G-I-Xz-hpw- B-te-J-\w-sN-bv-Xv- BÀ-_n-sF-
]p-d-¯n-d-¡m-³ t]m-Ip-ó- aq-óp-X-cw- \m-W-b-§Ä- d-^o-Jv- kz-´-am-¡n-¡-gn-ªp.- C- Fw-
F-kn-sâ-bpw- F- sI- Pn-bp-sS-bpw- kv-äm-¼p-IÄ,- tPm-¬- t]mÄ- c-ïm-a-sâ- _m-ey-Im-ew-
sXm-«p-f-f- kv-äm-¼p-IÄ,- {io-\m-cm-b-W- Kp-cp-hn-sâ- cq-]w- ap-{Z-Ww-sN-bv-X- 100 cq-]-bp-sS- \m-
W-b-hpw- C-¡q-«-¯n-ep-ïv.- {Km-a-t^m-Wp-I-fp-sS- A-]qÀ-h- ti-J-c-hpw- d-^o-Jn-sâ- ]-¡-ep-
ïv.- _m-ä-dn-bpw- I-d-âp-an-ñm-sX- ssI-sIm-ïv- Xn-cn-¨v- {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-ó- Cu- {Km-a-t^m-Wp-I-
fnð- ap-l-½-Zv- d-^n,- Fw- F-kv- kp-º-e-£v-an- Xp-S-§n-b-h-cp-sS- a-[p-c-aq-dp-ó- Km-\-§Ä-
tIÄ-¡mw.- {_n-«o-jp-ImÀ- cq-]-Ið-¸-\-sN-bv-X- ]-g-b- Xq-¡p-]-I-c-W-am-b- "-sh-Ån-t¡mð-',-
ssI-sIm-ïp- {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-ó- Xp-óð- sa-jo-³,- t_m-Iv-kv- Iym-a-d- F-ón-h-bpw- HmÀ-a-I-fp-
WÀ-¯pw.-

1906 ap-Xð- 1947 h-sc- C-´y-bn-ep-ïm-bn-cp-ó- G-gv- ]-Xm-I-I-fp-sS- t^m-t«m,- D-¯-c-a-e-_m-

dn-se- {]-i-kv-X- cm-P-Ip-Spw-_-am-b- A-d-¡ð- Ip-Spw-_-¯n-sâ- N-cn-{X-§Ä,- A-d-¡ð- cm-P-
Ip-Spw-_w- D-]-tbm-Kn-¨- "-I-®qÀ- \m-W-bw-'- (Cu- \m-W-bw- A-d-¡ð- Ip-Sw-_-¯n-sâ- ssI-
h-iw-t]m-epw- C-ñ),- t^m-t«m-IÄ- F-ón-h-bpw- d-^o-Jn-sâ- ti-J-c-¯nð- Im-Wmw.- H-cp-th-f-
Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ- F-ñm- h-gn-I-fpw- sIm-«n-b-S-bv-¡-s¸-«-t¸m-gpw- Cu- A-]qÀ-h-\n-[n-IÄ- ssI-am-
dm-³ d-^o-Jv- X-¿m-dm-bn-ñ.- C-cp-\q-tdm-fw- cm-Py-§-fn-se- \m-W-b-§Ä,- \q-ä-¼-t¯m-fw- cm-
Py-§-fn-se- t\m-«p-IÄ,- bq-tdm-]y-³ cm-Py-§-fp-sS- N-cn-{X-§Ä- tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó- t^m-t«m-
IÄ,- tem-I-a-lm-bp-²-§-fp-sS- t^m-t«m-IÄ,- Z-im-h-Xm-c-§Ä- B-te-J-\w-sN-bv-X- ]m-{X-
§Ä- F-ón-h- B-cn-epw- Iu-Xp-I-ap-WÀ-¯pw.- ]-ïv- l-Öv- bm-{X-¡mÀ-¡v- tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ-
\ð-In-bn-cp-ó- H-cp-cq-]-ap-Xð- \q-dp-cq-]-h-sc-bp-f-f- t\m-«p-IÄ,- {_n-«o-jp-Im-cp-sS- Im-e-¯v-
N-h-W-cq-]-¯nð- X-e-ti-cn-bnð- C-d-¡n-b- \m-W-b-§Ä,- Sn-¸p-hn-sâ- tIm-gn-t¡m-S-³]-Ww,-
{^-ôv- A-[o-\- am-ln-bnð- D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-ó- ]-Ww,- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv- ss\-km-an-sâ- t\m-«p-
IÄ,- \m-W-b-§Ä,- hn-P-b-\-K-c- km-{am-Py-¯n-sâ- kzÀ-W-\m-W-b-§Ä,- tNm-f-Im-e-s¯-
\m-W-b-§Ä- F-ón-h-bpw- C-hn-sS- Im-Wmw.-

jm-P-lm-sâ-bpw- P-lmw-Ko-dn-sâ-bpw- sam-lÀ- \m-W-b-§-fpw- d-^o-Jn-sâ- ]-¡-ep-ïv.- ]m-e-

¡m-Sv- s\-tò-\n- cm-P-Ip-Spw-_w- D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-ó- kzÀ-W-\m-W-b-§-fpw- KÄ-^v- cm-Py-§-fn-
se- A-]qÀ-h- ]-¨-\m-W-b-§-fpw- I-iv-ao-cn-se- I-¨v- \m-W-b-§-fpw- Cu- ti-J-c-¯n-ep-ïv.-

IÀ-Wm-S-I-¯nð- tIm-emÀ- Pn-ñ-bn-se- _m-tK-¸-Ån-bnð- tlm-«ð-I-¨-h-S-¡m-c-\m-Wv- d-^o-

Jv.- I-®qÀ- P-h-lÀ- sse-{_-dn- lm-fn-epw- ap-g-¸n-e-§m-Sv- _o-¨v- s^-kv-än-h-en-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-
¨p-am-Wv- B-sI- \-S-¯n-b- {]-ZÀ-i-\w.- d-^o-Jn-sâ- Cu- A-aq-ey-k-¼-¯n-s\-¡p-dn-¨v- ]p-dw-
tem-Iw- A-dn-bn-ñ.- {]-ZÀ-i-\-¯n-\v- th-ï-{X- A-h-k-c-sam-cp-¡m-³ B-cpw- ap-tóm-«p-h-cm-¯-
Xpw- th-ï-{X- {]-Nm-cw- In-«m-¯-Xp-sIm-ïm-Im-sa-óv- B-iz-kn-¡p-I-bm-Wv- d-^o-Jv.- `m-cy-
k-do-\-bpw- aq-óp- a-¡-fp-a-S-§p-ó-Xm-Wv- Ip-Spw-_w.-

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kn- ]n- kn-\o-jv- 10.08.2009 DESHABHIMANI WEEKLY