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0 # f ( z ) f ( z0 )
0 @
 > f 1% () : (G C)G " ; ?  f 1@ #
.G 1 "# % #
= z 0 >#   1%
1@ '

 f 1O "
/# "  P#@ $
. z 0 # F  f 1%
1@ 
  "  #
'

:  ! 8.2
23

  




 
   


>>  ; > ">

3 >
 f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 1%

: ] +# . z0 = x0 + iy0 = ( x0 , y0 )
. ( x0 , y0 ) # 1  v( x, y )  u ( x, y )} z0 # ?  f
: T

f ( z0 ) = u ( x0 , y0 ) + iv( x0 , y0 )

: 1@ #
8 1O
u ( x, y ) = u ( x0 , y0 )

lim f ( z ) = f ( z0 )
lim
v( x, y ) = v( x0 , y0 )
z z0

( x , y ) ( x0 , y 0 )

lim

( x , y ) ( x0 , y 0 )

: "#$

: 1O (8) SG 8.1.1 "

$# 
f (z ) f (z 0 ) u (x , y ) u (x 0 , y 0 ) + v (x , y ) v (x 0 , y 0 )
2 f (z ) f (z 0 )

. * #
P#
v( x, y ) = y  u ( x, y ) = x 2 14

;   f ( z ) = x 2 + iy '  : &#
. z0 = ( x0 , y0 ) "# % # 1 

. C \ {(1, 1)} ;   g ( z ) =

x
y
+i
#
'
y + 1 x 1

:  #$  

;>' =">

 '    A
/#' "  A
$# % ;'
."/'& "
' 18'  ="
 '  "'#' "
E

24

  




 
   


:  9.2
.,%4 ; z0 S#, ' z0 '  "
3 
 ? ' f 1%

. lim f ( z ) = 0 A#% () : lim f ( z ) = 0 1@ #
z z0

z z0

. lim f ( z ) = A#% () : lim f ( z ) = 1@ #

z z0

z z0

: 7#(6 10.2
. z0 >  ;  "
3 
 ' f 1%

">>
/# A>>#% () : z0 >># 0> & >'
f 1@ >#
.
  lim

h 0

f ( z0 + h) f ( z0 )
f ( z0 + h) f ( z0 )
@ lim
h 0
h
h

># f 0 & /
# f ' ( z0 ) G' 8   "
/# Q/ G#
.? z z 0 = h C T
 = z0
: 1@ @
f (z 0 + h ) f (z 0 )
= f ' (z 0 )
h 0
h
lim

: P#@ #
8
> 0, > 0: z z 0 = h <

f (z 0 + h ) f (z 0 )
f ' (z 0 ) <
h

; 0 & '

f 1@ # z G Uz "# % #  & f '3 :
.G "
>
 ' 0 & 
 1  )
  ' 0 & 
 1@ '

.1
.
  1
' ?
'% ?
8  7 ) H#8 1@ : =8$ %& T
 1
1

'> >' x0 1   x P
1%
=
 ' 0 & 
 14
<
>
.x

x0  x

x0 :

25

  




 
   


z0 1>> z >> 3 P>

>
=> ' 0 & 
  #
'

 A> 1: ">
/# 1@ .   ' 1 P # 
9  ' ( z z0 )
 1@ >
">
/# "
3 1@ @ . z0 1  
8 z P%

'' 0
. 3
' 

Z ' 
Z
: &#
z C P>>#4 .

>% ; 0> & >'

f ( z ) = z 2 + 1 ' 
:1O

lim

z z0

f ( z ) f ( z0 )
z 2 z02
= lim
= 2 z0
z z0 z z
z z0
0

: &#

: 14 .

1 z0 "# @ # 0 & '

 g ( z ) = z + 4 '  @

g (z 0 + h ) g (z 0 )
h
= lim
h 0
h 0 h
h
: ' 
 h = x 1O ox 
 
  ' h
0 1% O

lim

h
x
= lim = 1
h 0 h
x 0 x

lim

: ' h = iy 1O oy 
)  
  ' h
0 1% :
lim

h 0

h
iy
= lim = 1
y

0
h
iy
h
"
/# 1:
h 0 h

g > ' = 3

' 
Z  
Z /#4  A
 lim

.0 & '



:  ! 11.2
>
>' >  ">
3 >
 >' f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 1%
>
: #
 +# = z0 = x0 + iy0
: 1

  1
& 0 z0 # 0 & '
f
26

  




 
   


. ( x0 , y0 ) # .  1
'3 u  v #%
1@ (1
: 1  0 1@ (2
u
v
( x0 , y0 ) = ( x0 , y0 )
x
y
u
v
(x 0 , y 0 ) =
(x 0 , y 0 )
y
x
u
.( (x 0 , y 0 ) = u x (x 0 , y 0 ) >' #
@ G#)
x

:  

T>
 = z 0 = (x 0 , y 0 ) "># ># 0 & '
f 1% : P#@ $7#
: #
 P#O f = u + iv
f (z 0 ) = u x (x 0 , y 0 ) + iv x (x 0 , y 0 )

= v y (x 0 , y 0 ) + iv x (x 0 , y 0 )
= u x (x 0 , y 0 ) iu y (x 0 , y 0 )
= v y (x 0 , y 0 ) iu y (x 0 , y 0 )

:  # 12.2

"
#, "'  1 "
+G A & u  v 1
'  1% : f = u + iv 1%

: #
 +# . 
u v
2u 2 v
=
2=
x y
x xy
u
v
2u
2v
2 =
=
y
x
yx
y

: 1O
u =

2 u 2u
+
=0
x 2 y 2

27

2v
2v
=
T

xy yx

  




 
   


: "> ;> . f = 0  ' v = 0 : 1@ # "


.#'
2 u 2u
>?' =>/
' % ;
 ="
.  (7' " u = 2 + 2 = 0
x
y

.?
 

:
. 

: 14   ' u ( x, y ) = x 2 y 2
u = u xx + u yy = 2 2 = 0

: 14 ?
 

 u ( x, y ) = x 2 + y 2 #
'
u = u xx + u yy = 4 0 (u xx =

2u
)
x 2

: "#  (' 

# 13.2
: 1
 ;
u v
x = y
u
v
=
y
x

.1
 &% 1

+G 1

.  1
'
1> % .  "
'3 & ;: " <' =1
 1
8 "
8@ 1% 
'>  0 & "
' G
 A.E /#%  U14.2.1 "
$# (# % v  u
. ( f = u + iv) f
?SG> >?

 ?SG #%
1@ v  u 1
' 4 1%
 P#O 8 ;
1>'  1: / 14.2.1 "
$# & 
  0 &7 7'3 f '  ?

)
.1
 &%  '
28

  




 
   


: ! 14.2
># 1>
 &%   1
 v  u 1% f = u + iv 1% :
."# Q8 # 0 & '
 f 1O = (x 0 , y 0 ) "#
:  

">+3 ;' U"


 '  "  0 &' "  A
$# % ;'
."/'& "
' 18'  ="
 '  " 
:
. 

># g (z ) 0 )

f
 fg  f g 1O 0 & 17'
g  f 1% :
g

: #
 0 & ' (0 & g 8# '
  #
( f g )' ( z ) = f ' ( z ) g' ( z )
( f .g )' ( z ) = f ' ( z ) g ( z ) + f ( z ).g' ( z )
'
f
f ' ( z ) g ( z ) f ( z ) g' ( z )
( z ) =
g 2 ( z)
g

:  15.2
1
z

'
f ( ) 1% () : z = # 0> & >'
f ( z ) 1@ #
. z = 0 # 0 &

29

  




 
   


 "# 
.  P S3 '3 1
  ' = 
1@ V# : 8
 3#$

: ' %& ; "
  4 1 %  % 1
10

5
1 2i 1 + i
;
; 1+ i 3
1 + 2i 2

: &

. z = x + iy : 8   ' %&

. tg =
. = arg z =

y
U arg z =  z = x 2 + y 2 T

x

 z = 2 1O z = 1 + i 3 1%

: 8 z > ,, %& 1:

z = z e i = 2 e

: P#

1+ i 3

= 25 e

5 i
3

1
3
= 32 (
i)
2 2

: 1:

(1 + i 3 ) =16 16
5

3i

: "

.#'
. = arg z =

 z = 1 1O z =

1+ i 1
i
' '
=
+
2
2
2

: 1:

z = e4

: P#
30

  




10

10 i
1+ i

=e 4 =e
2

 
   


5
i
2

=i

: 1:
10

1+ i

= 0+i
2

:  %# =
)4  "'#' @
1 2i
(1 2i ) 2
3 4i
3 4
=
=
= i
1 + 2i (1 + 2i ) (1 2i )
5
5 5

: 
  % 0  " "
 @ 2
2 3 2i ; (5 + i ) 6 ; 2 i 7

: &

. z = z e i 1O z C % @ 1 #

: P# z n = z e in 1O  '
n

zn =z

e in = z

e in = 1


n

z n = z e in

: 1:

z n = z e i

) =z
n

.z

= z n 1@ @

: 1:
2 3 2i = 12 + 4 = 4 ; 2 3 2i = 2 3 + 2i

2i7 =

2 i7 = 2 ;
6

(5 + i )6 = 5 + i =

26

2 i 7 = 2 (i )7 = 2(i )7
6

; (5 + i ) = 5 + i

= (5 i )

: "
  I "
)   3
31

  




i ; 1+ i 3

11

 
   


;1; 2 2 +2 2i

. 1 ; 7 + 6 2 i : 1
 "

'  
: &

.Q
 /
+# ,, %& ;   "' % 1%@ %

. arg i =  i =1 : #
 i  @ 1
2

: 8 i   ,, %& 1:

i=

e2

i + 2 ki

i
5

= e10

i+

2 k
i
5

.%  2)4 
 "
' 14  k {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4} )@ .%
 . k Z T

: 8

e10 ; e 2 ;

9
i
10
e

13
i
10
e

i 
3 1:

17
i
e 10

: P# 1 = e 2 ki 1O 1  "'#' @

5

1=e

2 k
i
5

; k Z

: 8 5 1 
3 1: k {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4} )@ .%

1;

2
i
e 5

4
i
e 5

6
i
e 5

8
i
e 5

: #
 2 2 + 2 2 i  @ 1
2 2 + 2 2 i = 4 , tg =

. =

y
=1
x

1: y = 2 2 > 0  x = 2 2 > 0 

: P#

2 2 + 2 2 i = 4e4

2 2 +2 2i =

4 e 20

i+

2 ki
5

i + 2 ki

; k {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4}

."' "

)  # P
3 k SO'
32

  




 
   


: 1+ i 3

(1 + i 3 )

11

= 1+ i 3

11

11

11

 ?
)@

= 211

: 1O
arg 1 + i 3

arg( z n ) = n(arg z ) T


= 11 arg 1 + i 3 = 11.

11
3

: P#
11
i + 2 ki
e 3

(1 + i 3 ) = 2
(1 + i 3 ) = 2
11

11

11

11
5

11 2 ki
i+
e 15 5

. # {0,1, 2, 3, 4} 

 k SO'
: #
 (1)  "'#'

1 = ei + 2 ki

1 = e 2

i + ki

;k Z

: P#

i : G k @ 1
1 =
i :  k @ 1

: 7 + 6 2 i

 8*9
7 + 6 2 i = 11 ; tg =

6 2
7

"> Q>8  V# H .

/& 
G 1 A
 "
G 1@ $7#
: "
  "
' 7 + 6 2 i  
 ;:

33

7 + 6 2 i = x + iy 1@ K.#

  




 
   


7 + 6 2 i = ( x + iy ) 2 = x 2 y 2 + 2 xyi
2

2
x 2 + y 2 = x + iy = 7 + 6 2 i = 7 + 6 2 i = 11 T


: "
  A " ; E# P#
x 2 y 2 = 7

2 xy = 6 2
x 2 + y 2 = 11

: 1@ # " Q8 '

y = 3  x = 2

: 1O P#
7+6 2i =

2 + 3i

. z 2 (5 i ) z + (8 i ) = 0 : "  4
= (5 i ) 2 4 (8 i ) = 8 6i : &

= x + iy # H

8 6i = = ( x + iy ) 2 = x 2 y 2 + 2 xyi

: # 1
 "''
x 2 y 2 = 8
2 xy = 6
2

. 10 = = x 2 + y 2 T

: A " ; E#
x 2 y 2 = 8

2 xy = 6
x 2 + y 2 = 10

. y = 3  x = 1 P#
: 8 1
 P#
34

= 1 3i  '

  




 
   


z1 = 2 + i
z 2 = 3 2i
z
1@ 18' 5
z 0 z

. 
9 lim

.(0) # Q' z ;


'' 0  8   "
/# 1: : &
: P# z = x R 1O ox ' z 0 1% :
z
x
lim = lim = 1
z 0 z x 0 x

: P# z = iy 1O oy ' z 0 A#% :

z
iy
lim = lim
= 1
z 0 z
y 0 iy

">
/#  ' .(0) # z Q' ;

' 
Z ' A
Z "
/# P

. A

. lim
z i

. lim
z i

z2 +1
 6
z6 +1

z2 +1 0
= 1

  8 " 1: : &

z6 +1 0

: 1@ # z 6 + 1 = 0 " '

z2 +1
z2 +1
1
lim 6
= lim 2
=
4
2
z i z + 1 z i ( z + 1)( z z + 1)
3

;   f ( z ) = log( x 2 + y 2 ) + i ( x 2 y 2 ) : 1@ 18' (9
. C*
: >'  g '   
 (

35

  




 
   


z 2 + 4 : z 2i
g (z ) = z 2i
3 + 4i : z = 2i

: &
v( x, y ) = x 2 y 2  u ( x, y ) = log( x 2 + y 2 ) 14 C* ;>> ? >> f (@

. C* ; 1 
: z = 2i "# # g  
# (
z2 + 4
( z 2i )( z + 2i )
= lim
= 4i g (2i )
z 2i z 2i
z 2i
( z 2i )

lim g ( z ) = lim

z 2i

. z = 2i #   
9 g P#
: '  0 & "
'3 1

'
 8
f ( z) =

z 1
z +1

^ # 0 & '

f 1% 1: 1R
'

: &

>% # 0 &7 7

F '3 / =0 &7 1
'3 1
' "3 8 f : ;@ "


. z = (1,0)   "#
: "
#, "


u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) = f ( z ) =

>& 1>
v( x, y ) =

x + iy 1 x 2 + y 2 1
2 y 1
=
+i
2
2
x + iy + 1 ( x + 1) + y
( x + 1) 2 + y 2

x2 + y 2 1
2 y 1

u
(
x
,
y
)
=
1@ 2#
( x + 1) 2 + y 2
( x + 1) 2 + y 2

. z = (1,0)   "# % # 14.2.1 "

$#
. G = C \ {1} ; 0 & '
f 1O  '
36

  




 
   


: # () "# "'#'

# 0 & '
f ( z ) =

z 1
1 1 z
1O (0) # 0 & '
f ( ) =
1@ '
z +1
z
z +1
.()

37

  




 
   


"

  ' 
:  1.3
;
= (G )G " . " ; 0 & '
f ' % ;

.(G ; 
 8 @) G ; ?

 ?'
. H (G ) G' G ; "

  '  " G#
.G - . ; 0 & '
f f H (G ) : 1@ @
.C ; 
 f (z ) = z + 2 : 
 \ {1} ; 
 g (z ) =

z +2

z 1

:  2.3
>> ; >?

 f 1>% () : z 0 "# # 
 f 1@ #
. z 0 >

:  ! 3.3
. f ; g H (G ) 1% :
?

 g 1%
  # # g (z ) 0 )

f
H (G )  f g H (G ) 1O
g
. f g H (G )  (8#

. f (G ) G1  g H (G1 )  f H (G ) 1% :

. gof H (G ) 1O

38

  




 
   


:  ! 4.3
.G ; .  17'
u,v (1
.G ; 1  1
 &%   (2
.
G - . ;

f = u + iv H (G )

1 - . SG G (3

.  u x , u y , v x , v y
u x = v y ; u y = v x

f = u + iv H (G )

@

u 1> >% 1
R @ ;: RX
?

 f = u + iv 1% 1@ R   # : !

.?



 f 1
R O ?
 

 v @ u 1% :  ' .  v 

:  5.3
1
z


 f ( ) 1% () : z = ' 
 f ( z ) 1@ #
. z = 0 '

: :!  6.3
1
# % 4 1% () : '  P#@ (G C)G SG 1 #
.G ) P%' 
 z2 >' z1 E
 ) 
G 1 z1 , z2
T>
' G2  G1 1

>) >
9 1
+G ;: 8& 1%
 G 1@ @
. G1 G2 = G  G1 G2 =
."'  " . A#% () : "# G ; 

39

  




 
   


:  ! 7.3
.

 "# G 1% 
: 1% : +#

.G ; A', f () 1O

f H (G )

: "#$

f ' (z) = 0 z G
. 0 = f ' ( z ) = u x ( x, y ) + iv x ( x, y ) 1: 
 f = u + iv

'
' h T
 u ( x, y ) = h( y )  ' . vx ( x, y ) = 0  u x ( x, y ) = 0 P#
.0 &
0 = v x ( x, y ) = u y ( x, y ) = h' ( y ) # 1
 &%   1

. u ( x, y ) = c 1: .A', h( y ) = c # P#

.A', f 1O  ' A', v( x, y ) = c1 1@ # "

.#'

:  8.3
r Q>3 >E# z0 QG%  . E3 D( z0 , r ) " #

: (r 0)
z
D ( z 0 , r ) = {z C : z z 0 < r }

z0
r

.FZ ?E3 D (z 0 , r ) = {z C : z z 0 r } ;


> > . E3 D (z 0 , r ) \ {z 0 } = {z C : 0 < z z 0 < r } ;

. z0 G%
( 
 ;  / z z0 = r : & 0   z # @
.r 83 E# z0 8G% + ; @ D( z0 , r )
40

  




 
   


: 1
' % 1
' 0 
0 t 2 ; z = z0 + r eit  z z0 = r

.r 83 E# z0 8G% + 

 ; 
z 1@ # /# %

z 1@ # z z0 > r "' % @

r
z0

. D (z 0 , r ) ( N)  ' + N)

.( ) 
z 1@ # z z 0 < r 

@ z = 1 ;   (3 D(0,1) ;

r = 1  z0 = 0 1% :
. + 0 t 2 ; z = eit

: ;< 55 &  # 9.3

>/' >3 >E# ="'  23 "

an ( z z 0 ) n

A#% :

n 0

"> 1> ">

) "# % # =" Q/ 1%
+# = (0 R < +) R
f 0>
' ; %8 E# f ( z ) >' P G# #
  = D( z0 , R) /'

: >' 
C
f : D (z 0 , R )
z
f ( z ) = an ( z z 0 ) n
n 0

1@ ># % = an ( z z0 ) n 23 "' , f '  1@ +# #

n 0

.f ' ' ", =Q8 2 "

41

  




 
   


:  ! 10.3
>3 E# "' 

an ( z z 0 ) n

23 "' 7

F , ' f 1% :

n 0

: #
 +# .R /'
1> P >& ;>
 ="'  @ 1 0 & '
f  f H (D( z0 , R) ) = 1
: >' k "' 
f

(k )

(z ) =

n (n 1)(n 2)
(n k + 1) an (z z 0 )n k
n k
(n )

(z 0 )
: >' ,4 ; 
n!
.?
 1%
23 "' f
, 2

. an =
. a n = bn 1O

bn ( z z0 ) n

: >'

n 0

an ( z z 0 ) n

: >' 7, f 1% : @

n 0

:  ! 11.3
1
 . ; 1
  1
' g :
C  f : G
C 1%

:  f (G ) T
' =  G
z G : g ( f ( z)) = z

: #
 ?
@ 0 & '
f 1O g' ( z ) 0 1% 0 & g '3 : +#
f ' ( z) =

1
g' ( f ( z ) )

: "#$

. h 0 T
' z0 + h G  z0 G 1%

: 1O g ( f ( z0 + h) ) = z0 + h  g ( f (z 0 ) ) = z 0 1@ '
f ( z0 ) f ( z0 + h)
42

  




 
   


>#
>8 g ( f ( z0 + h) ) = g ( f ( z0 ) ) 1% f (z 0 ) = f (z 0 + h ) 1%  P#4
.K. K3#
h = 0 @ z0 + h = z0
: 1O   f T
 f ( z0 + h) f ( z0 ) 0 1:
f ( z0 + h)
f ( z0 )
h
0

:  '
g ( f ( z 0 + h) ) g ( f ( z 0 ) ) g ( f ( z 0 + h ) ) g ( f ( z 0 ) ) f ( z 0 + h) f ( z 0 )
=

h
f ( z0 + h) f ( z0 )
h
f ( z 0 + h) f ( z 0 )
1

=
h
g ( f ( z 0 + h) ) g ( f ( z 0 ) )

f ( z 0 + h) f ( z 0 )

1=

: 1@ # h
0 
=K. 
f ' (z 0 ) =

1
g' ( f (z 0 ) )

: 5 # 12.3

2 "' = z C % @ 1 P # = e z G' 4 '  G#
"  3 E# 1O
@ =

lim

n +

zn
z n+1 n!
:
n = 0 < 1 T
 e z =
(n + 1)! z
n 0 n!

>% > 
 e z , '  1O 3.2.2 "
$#  = R = +
. e z H (C )
: >' k "'  1 0 & ;

(e z ) ( k ) = n(n 1)
(n k + 1)
n k

1 nk
z
n!

1 (k + 1)! 1
(k + 2)!
1
+
z+

z2 +

k!
1! (k + 1)!
2!
(k + 2)!
1
1
=1 + z + z 2 +
= e z
1!
2!
= k!

43

  




 
   


. (e z ) ( k ) = e z @
.R  PE) P'& ()'  4 '   

F , %#
e z1 e z2 = e z1 + z2 : 1@ 7
z 1 = z 2 e z1 = e z 2


. 0 2i 1% eoi = e 2i 14
e z1 = e z 2 z1 = z 2 + 2ki ; k Z

: 
    13.3
: 2  ' U z C @ 1 cos z  sin z R #
cos z = (1) n
n 0

z 2n
z 2 n+1
; sin z = (1) n
(2n)!
(2n + 1)!
n 0

">
$# > . R = + /# %  3 E# 1 '  1 
cos z H (C)  sin z H (C) 1O 3.2.2
(cos z )' = 2n (1)n
n 1

z 2 n 1
=
(2n )!

(1)m +1
m 0

z 2 m +1
= sin z
(2m + 1)!


: !

: z C @ 1 #

e =
iz

n 0

=
n 0

(iz ) n
n!
(iz ) 2 n
(iz ) 2 n +1
+
(2n)! n0 (2n + 1)!

2 n +1
z 2n
n z
= (1)
+ i (1)
(2n)! n0
(2n + 1)!
n 0
n

: 1O "'  7 % 1@ T

44

  




 
   


eiz = cos z + i sin z

: 1@ #  ' e iz = cos z i sin z : 1@ # "


.#'
e iz + e iz
e iz e iz
; sin z =
2
2i
sin z
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tg z =
; cot g z =
cos z
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(*)... cos z =

. e z @ e iz '  () 1 "

,, '  () N #  1%
P

: # ()   &' ' #
 ?
@
cos ( z1 z 2 ) = cos z1 cos z2 sin z1 sin z2
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: # H% () 1

cos 2 z + sin 2 z = 1

: ?
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z 1 = z 2 + 2k
@
sin z 1 = sin z 2
(2
1)
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=
k
+

z
1
2

: 
 :  14.3
ch >+G @ >   = sh +G @  
 #

: 2  '
z 2n
z 2 n+1
; shz =
n 0 ( 2n )!
n 0 ( 2n + 1)!

chz =

:1O 3.2.2 "

$#   ' (R = +) C %  1
'  1

chz H (C) ; shz H (C)


45

  




 
   


z 2 n 1
=shz
n 1 (2 n 1)!

(chz )' =

: 1@ 2# sin z  cos z 

  '
cos iz = (1) n
n 0

(iz ) 2 n
z 2n
= (1) 2 n
= chz
(2n)! n0
(2n)!

: # "

.#'
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1> shz  chz (>) * # # P

 shz = i sin iz  chz = cos iz 1:
. e iz () 1  ' sin z  cos z ()
: 1@ 2#
i ( iz )

i (iz )

+e
e +e
=
2
2
i (iz )
i (iz )
e
e
e z e z
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=
2i
2
z
z
z
z
e +e
e e
chz =
; shz =
2
2

chz = cos iz =

@

: 1@ * # # 1

)4 1
' 1
8 1
chz + shz = e z
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: &#

:  %# cos z = 10 : " 
10 = cos z = cos( x + iy ) = cos x cos iy sin x sin iy
= cos x ch y i sin x sh y

: 1
 "'' P#

46

  




 
   


cos x ch y = 10

(1)

sin x sh y = 0

(2)
y = 0 @ (k Z) x = k P# sh y = 0 @ sin x = 0 # (2) " '

: # (1) "  K

 '
1>% >
9 8 cos x = 10 cos x ch y = 10 1O y = 0 @ 1
. x R 1% 1 cos x 1 14
. (1) k ch y = 10 cos x ch y = 10 :1O x = k 1% :
8 ch y = 10 ch y = 10 1O k = 2m + 1 @ 
 k 1% O
. y R 1% ch y > 0 14 1% 
9
P#

e +e
2

= 10 ch y = 10 1O> k = 2m @ 
G k 1% :

: 8 z m 1%  " 0   z 
3 1%  y = log(10 99 )
z m = x + iy = k + i log(10 99 )
= 2m + i log(10 99 ) ; m Z

.P # 
9   1@ $
:  2)@ "
 H#8
cos z = 10

e iz + e iz
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2

: P#
eiz = 10 99

: 1O eiz = eiz + 2 ki T

iz + 2k i = log(10 99)

: P#
z k = 2k' i log(10 99) ; k' Z

47

  




 
   


7 z 1% : P#4 ."'  "   8 =P # 

9  
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: (3 1') 3 1

  15.3
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) 1%
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.
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3 
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. w = f ( z ) = z : >' F  f '  1%
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arg z = 0  z = r 1@ "
'  K.#

: 0  %&  %

0
o

z = z ei 0 = r ei 0 1%
+#

w = f ( z) = r e

0
2

1%


 = 0  z > "%  '

48

  




 
   


z = r ei 0 + 2i  ' arg z = 0 + 2 #

' z = r 1O> 
.# ;:

: P#
w = f (z ) = r e

i(

= re

0 + 2
2

0
2

= re

0
2

z 1 '' 8 =z 
.# # ;4 "


.# )V
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."%  = 0 

1
> P> '  w = f ( z ) = z '  M. "# 8 = 0 1:

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0
2

; f2 ( z) = r e

0
2

+# ='@ P' z > D#  = = 0 M.  "# 1 @'

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3 
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.
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:  #$   16.3

y
z

0
o

=' 
Z "% ' # ;  =/ 1
'  8 1 '# 1@ =
G 
Z #

.,, %&'

:  ! 17.3
. w = f ( z ) = z '  
 M.  "# 8 = 0 1:
: "#$

>8 = 0 1@ A',< =M. "# = 0 1@ 0' ,  #

' 
1@ 1%
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=
 M.  "#

>.# ;>:  "%   z 1 1@ @ .f '  M. "# 1%
.f '  "
3 1 
Z
 = 4 
49

 
y 




 
   


(0  %&) 0 1: ' #

. arg z = 1  z = r 1% 


, "%   z 
#
arg z 1O = 4 
.# ;:

"
/#   (# , G , (#

.
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.
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: ! 18.3
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:  #$   19.3
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3 A
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: &#

w = f ( z ) = z 2 + 1 1%


z 2 + 1 = 0 z 2 = 1 = e i + 2 k i
zk =e

i (

i + 2 ki

zk = e

2 k +1
)
2

; k {0,1}

i : G K
=
i :  K
50

: P#

  




 
   


">' % z 2 + 1 = ( z i) ( z + i)  ' = z = i 8 M.   # 1:

E# 1@ 
 = z i  z + i ;: N # ,, %&' z i  z + i 1

: ( %&  %) i  i 1
# 1 %' z

z + i = r1 e i 1 = z i = r2 ei 2 : #
 1%

r2

:  ' z 2 + 1 = r1r2 ei ( +

r1

f (z ) = z + 1 = r1r2 e
x

o
i

: P#
i(

1 + 2
2

.   z 1 '3 8

: A T7, @ 1%# +#

' = i 1 i  "%  z # = N1 (i)   i "# G# (9
>>#
' arg( z + i) = 1 : 1O>> 4 >>
>>.# ;>>: z >>
: 1O P# arg( z i) = 2 + 2

y
z

i 2

f (z ) = r1r2 e

1 + 2 + 2
2

= r1r2 e

i(

1 + 2
2

= i  ' A
Z f "
3

o
i 1

i(

: ( %& $#@) f '  M. "# 8

 = i  z  : (
: 1O 
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y
i 2

o
i 1

:  ' arg( z + i ) = 1 + 2 #

' arg( z i) = 2
f (z ) = r1r2 e
x

i(

1 + 2 + 2
2

= r1r2 e

i(

1 + 2
2

.( %&) f > M. "# = i 1O  '

= i 1
# 1 % G#  : (@
z  = / "%  z #
51

  




 
   


: 1O 4 
.# ;:

y
i 2

o
i 1

arg( z + i ) = 1 + 2 ; arg( z i ) = 2 + 2

: 1O  '
x
f (z ) = r1r2 e

i(

1 + 2 + 4
2

= r1r2 e

i(

1 + 2
2

.z 1 '3 /# 

Z  f "
3 1@ @
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3 
 f 1@ #
 8
>
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:  #A # 20.3

= R > Q#  % =8$ %& T
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'>' ?>
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 1 1% =4 '  % ' %
: P#4 =

 4 '  "



z C : e z = e z + 2 k i

. z ,w C 1%
 : 
. z = e w 1% () : w = log z  %# z > 
'  9 w #
.0
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'  9 
 P#@ $7#

3 ) "

' A 9 1 P # 
9  P z 0  % 1O  '
: 14 (k
log z = log z + i + 2ki z = z ei + 2 ki ; k Z

.(k 
3 ) 
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:  ! 21.3
52

  




 
   


. = 0 
 M. "# P w = log z ' 

53

  




 
   


>+# = = 0 > z 1 >'3 z = z ei ; arg z = 1 1%

 : "#$
1

. w = log z = log z + i1

= 0  z > "%  '

z
r

D'E

.# ;: 

z = z ei1 + 2i : P# arg z = 1 + 2

. w = log z = log z + i1 + 2i :  '

>> M>>. "># >8 = 0 1: . w = log z ">
3 
Z $7#
.17.3  # % 
 8 . w = log z

: ! 22.3
> 
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 w = log h( z ) '  M.  # 1@ * # #
. h( z ) = 0 0   z # 8 =z 
Z  
: 14 1 8 M.  # P w = log(

z 1
) :
. 
z +1

w = log( z 1) log( z + 1)

: ! 23.3
=>4 '>  >% '  8  9 '  1% ;  '
. z 2 C*  z 1 C* 4 : #
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log(z 1z 2 ) = log(z 1 ) + log(z 2 )
log(

z1
) = log(z 1 ) log(z 2 ) ; log(z 1k ) = k log z 1
z2

: 1% : P#4

z1 = e w1 w1 = log z1
z 2 = e w2 w2 = log z 2

54

  




 
   


z1 z 2 = e w1 e w2 = e w1 + w2
log( z1 z 2 ) = w1 + w2 = log( z1 ) + log( z 2 )

: #
 P#
log z 1 = log(z 2

z1
z
) = log(z 2 ) + log( 1 )
z2
z2

:  '
log(

z1
) = log(z 1 ) log(z 2 )
z2

: #
 H%
log(z 1k ) = log (z 1.z 1 z 1 )



 k
= log z1 + log z1 +
+ log z1
= k log z1

: w = logz #  5

24.3
: 1

  1
%& ' # u + iv = w = log z ' #
y

L u0

z=e

w = log z
w %5 

z %5 

55

  




 
   


A
 > ' H = 2 /# % K +& ;: w   #
v
=>4 
>& 8
: 
& ' # = ou  "
G
< u < +

. 2k " O' P# * #

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'  
Z  P 
3 1O  z = e w '  T

/
 ( %& $#@) L " )V# : z = e w # 7 5#5 :( 12
v
: 8 / E  '
u = u0

z = e w = e u +iv = e u 0 e iv

83 E# (o) 8G% + 8 L E  ' . z = eu P#

0

v =
/
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 "  1@ T
 . R = eu0
u
=
u
0


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: 8
z = e u 0 e i = e u 0
v =
.
: /
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: 8 / E  '

z = eu0 e i = eu0

> ;> 1  1'# =L > ;. "  

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. 

1O> u0 +  P#O 4 
& D  H L " '
. z = eu
0

4 
& D L  P#@ @ z = eu 0 1O u0 
0

.7% z   D (+ 8) L E 1O w   

56

  




 
   


 ; 1
'# 
& ;. "  
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.P%  

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3 )V
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. G = C \ {], 0]} ; 
 
: P#O 11.3 "
$# 
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1
1
1
=
=
=
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z G : (log z )' =

P>  >
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+  #
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. P
G @ = 
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>8 P  
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+  # ) 
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G = 
  @ = [0, + [

:  25.3
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z = e log z

: 1@ 
  8 1 $7#
z = z ei log z = log z + i
log z = log z + i

: P#
log z +i

z = e log z = e

57

= z ei

  




 
   


.12.1.1  Q#3  8

. (1 + i)i :  : 

: P# 1 + i = 2 e 4
i

(1 + i ) = e

i log 2 + i + 2 k i
4

=e

i log(1+i )

2k
=e 4

e i log

i + 2 ki

#


: 3<

 #  < #5 ' 26.3

">
8@ 2#>) .,, %&' " Q8  '  1 
'  1 ' 
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y
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2
-3

-2

"
 /  ,, %&' f (z )

z
r1

.
3   f T
 .
 

z (2) = z + 2 = r2 ei 2
z 1 = r1 ei1

:  ' 1 z = r1 ei +i P#

1

z 2 z + 2 = (1 z )( z + 2) = r1r2 ei (1 + 2 + + 2 k )

: 8 ,, %& ; f (z ) 1:

58

  



(*)... f (z ) = r1r2 e

i(

 
   


1 + 2 + + 2 k
2

; k Z

k 1
>
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f (3) = 2i + ' &  ' "37 Q8 1

; E  ' 
# D'E
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: 1O (3) ;: z E
#
1 = , 2 = ; r1 = 1 z = 1 + 3 = 4
r2 = z + 2 = 3 + 2 = 1

: ()  #
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2i = f (3) = 4 e

i(

3 + 2 k
)
2

= 2i e k i

. k = 1 )@ .%
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P#
: 8 + ' & 0
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f 1 (z ) = r1r2 e

i(

1 + 2 + + 2
2

1O  (3) ;:  (1) 

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. arg(1 z ) =
># f1 M. 
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'
: 8 (3)
f 1 (3) = 2 e

i(

7
)
2

= 2i

:  ! 27.3
: n " 1 " %
59

  




 
   


(an 0) an z n + an 1z n 1 +
+ a1z + a0 = 0

.C  (?) 7 n '

60

  




 
   


 "# 
. f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 

 ' @ 1
. f ( 2 ) = 0  v ( x, y ) =

y
z

: 1@ A :
: &

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x + y2
2

  "
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; 
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2

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x
+ h( x)
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#, 1
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ux = vy

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. h( x) = c 1O   h T
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: 1%
%8
61

  



f ( z) =

 
   


x
y
1
+c+i 2
=
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x +y
2

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 : &

: P# .4.3 "

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i
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6
y
i

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6

1
(3 % 14 " . A
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f 1O P
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x
y

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62

  




 
   


.P 
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f 

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)
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y
y
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y

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x
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y

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# 1@ 

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cy
c
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2
2
x +y
2

: H% .0 & '

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cx
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: 8  
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x
c
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: 1
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63

  




 
   


: &

i + 2 ki

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z

: 1 
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2
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:  %# : "
#, "

4 = chz = ch ( x + iy ) = chx chiy + sh x shiy
= cos y chx + i sin y sh x

: P#
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sin y shx = 0

1@ # "
#, "  K
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: 8  "

z k = log 4 15 + 2ki ; k Z

:  %# =?

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3 1

 
sin z = sin(x + iy ) = sin x cos iy + sin iy cos x
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: P#
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. y = 0 @ x =

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2

: 8 z 
3 1:

64

  



k Z T
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@ z =

 
   


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: 1@ 18' 5
. D(0,1)  
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: P# z + h  z +# z + h G  z G 1%  : &
g (z + h ) g (z )
f (z + h ) f (z )
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h 0
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h
lim

f (z + h ) f (z )
= lim
= f ' (z )
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h

> = - . ; 0 & '

g P# =0 & '
/ 
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w = arctg z =

1
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65

  




z = tg w = i

 
   


eiw e iw

eiw + e iw

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n2 z n


@ 8

n1

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 0 &' 1:
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z 3 + 3z 2 1
 '
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. f (0) = 4  f ( z ) = (4 z )( z 2 + 4) 1%
 9
 
 (0) 1 0#
1
` # ' 6  E z 1@ A : f (6) @
. 6 E
   1 4 '
0>> >>  >8 M>. ># T7>, P> >
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0
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z 2i = r2 ei 2 + 2 k2i

z + 2i = z (2i ) = r1 ei 1 + 2 k1i

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+ 2 k )

0 + 1+ 2 +

: 1%


. k = k0 + k1 + k 2 Z T

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( 0 +1 + 2 + + 2 k )
2

z ># P>
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3 1O z = 0  P#@ #
f (0) = 4 &

: ( %& $#@) 1O (0) E

r0 = z 4 = 0 4 = 4 ; 0 =

r1 = z + 2i = 0 + 2i = 2 ; 1 =
2

r2 = z 2i = 0 2i = 2 ; 2 =
2
: # () '  
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67

  




 
   


4 = f (0) = 16 e

( + + + 2 k )
2 2
2

= 4 ei ( k +1)

k + 1 > "
G 
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1@ 
P#

. k + 1 = 0 "
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: 1O = f1 1>%
 = k = 1

z >E
# T
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G 4  
Z T
P#O 4 '' ? 6

: 1O 6 
r0 = z 4 = 6 4 = 2 ; 0 = 0
r1 = z + 2i = 6 + 2i = 40 ; 1 = /  "
G

2i

r2 = z 2i = 6 2i = 40 ; 2 =

: f1 (6) "
3 8 f (6) @ 6 # f (z ) "
3 1O  '
-

o
2i

f 1 (6) =

68

i
2 40 e 2

= i 80