Causality cant eliminate things you havent observed in terms of correlation.

Think of
causality in probabilistic terms. Increases the probability of observing a result. Increased
probability doesnt guarantee outcome. Increases the likelihood of that as an observation.
Attending college increases likelihood of better wages (may be a cause). Causality isnt
binary. Reason you look at causality is to try to elim. Extraneous factors, when we
establish cause., dont guarantee effect, increased likelihood in obs. Of effect.
Experimental method through random assignment (any extraneous factors cant be
explanations b/c we randomly assigned characteristics to treatment and control groups)
key for causality establishment.
unionization rates affect trends. Explanations, decline in unin, rise in ___ econ.
Intersectionality wages of black people, given man vs. given woman, some women
make less than some men, based on other factors think about variables as intersecting
with one another, not usually isolated (womens wages given race, etc.)