Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.

HCM
Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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Tp ti liu ny do ti bin son cho cc SV ca mnh, ch lu hnh ni b v khng c mc

ch thng mi. Ngoi cc bi tp ti bin son, mt s khc tham kho t cc ti liu sau:
1) Liasko, Boiatruc, Gai, Golobac, Gii tch ton hc. Cc v d v cc bi ton.
2) Demidovich, Problems in mathematical analysis.
3)Mendelson, 3000 solved problems in Caculus.
4) N..Tr, T.V.nh, N.H.Qunh, Bi tp ton cao cp.
5) .C.Khanh, N.M.Hng, N.T.Lng, Bi tp ton cao cp.

CHNG 1: HM NHIU BIN

I. TP TRONG Rn , GII HN V LIN TC.
Ta c lim f ( x, y ) = L
x x0
y y0

vi mi dy ( x n , y n ) n
( x 0 , y 0 ) th

f ( x n , y n ) n
L

vy

+ tnh lim f ( x, y ) ta xt mt dy ( x n , y n ) n
( x0 , y 0 ) ty v kim tra lun c
x x0
y y0

lim f ( x n , y n ) = L

n +

+ chng minh lim f ( x, y ) ta ch ra hai dy ( x n , y n ) n

( x 0 , y 0 ) ,
x x0
y y0

( x' n , y ' n ) n
( x0 , y 0 ) m lim f ( x n , y n ) lim f ( x ' n , y ' n )
n +

n +

Vi mt s gii hn bng 0, ta c th dng gii hn kp.

sin xy
e y 1

Xt mt dy ( x n , y n ) n
(0,0) ty ( x n n
0, y n n
0 ).

V d: Tnh

lim

( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 )

Ta c lim

n +

sin x n y n
sin x n y n
y
= lim (
)( yn n ) x n = 1.1.0 = 0 . Vy
yn
n

+
xn y n
e 1
e 1

xy 3
4
4
V d: Kho st tnh lin tc ca f ( x, y ) = x + y
1
2

Ta kim tra

lim

( x , y )( 0 , 0 )

sin xy
= 0.
e y 1

, ( x, y ) (0,0)

ti (0,0).
, ( x, y ) = (0,0)

xy 3
1
f ( x, y ) = f (0,0) lim
= (?).
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) x 4 + y 4
2
2 1
n n

Ta xt dy ( x n , y n ) = ( , ) n
(0,0) , ta c

Tc

lim

( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 )

xn yn 3 n 2 n 2
=

xn 4 + yn 4 17
17

xy 3
1
, hay f ( x, y ) gin on ti (0,0).
( x , y )( 0 , 0 ) x 4 + y 4
2
lim

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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1.1. Tm v biu din hnh hc tp xc nh ca cc hm sau trn cc khng gian tng ng

a) f ( x, y ) = 2 y x 2 y 2 + ln (2 x y )
b) f ( x, y ) = 4 y (x 2 y ) + ln (2 x x 2 y 2 )
d) f ( x, y, z ) = 2 x 2 y 2 z 2 + ln (z x 2 y 2 )

c) f ( x, y ) = arcsin( x y ) + arccos( x + y )

1.2. Vit phng trnh mt tr

a) Qua giao tuyn 2 mt z = x 2 + y 2 , z = x 2 + y 2 v c phng song song vi Oz.
b) Qua giao tuyn 2 mt y = x 2 + z 2 , x + y + z = 1 v c phng song song vi Oy.
1.3. Cho hm f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + xy + yz 2 . Tnh
a) f(1,1,2)

b) f(z,x-z,y)

1.4. Kho st s tn ti ca cc gii hn v tnh ( nu c)

a)
d)

lim

( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 )

sin( x + y )
1 1+ x + y

( x + y) 2
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) x 2 + y 2
lim

b)

x
( x , y )( 0 , 0 ) x + y

c)

x+ y
x + x 2 + y 2
y +

f)

lim

e) lim

xy 2
( x , y )( 0 , 0 ) x 2 + y 2
lim

lim
x 1
y 1

x3 y3
x y

HD: a,f : tn ti,dng nh ngha

c,e : tn ti, dng gii hn kp
b,d : khng tn ti
1.5. Kho st tnh lin tc ca hm s ti (0,0)
xy

2
a) f ( x, y ) = ( x + y 2 ) 2
0

, ( x, y ) (0,0)
, ( x, y ) = (0,0)

x sin 2
x + y2
b) f ( x, y ) =
0

HD: a) gin on, b) lin tc (dng gii hn kp).

, ( x, y ) (0,0)
, ( x, y ) = (0,0)

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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II. O HM V VI PHN.
1.6. Tnh cc o hm ring cp 1 ca cc hm s sau
a) f ( x, y ) = sin ( xy 2 )

b) f ( x, y , z ) =

1 + xy 2
1 + xz

1.7. Dng nh ngha ch ra cc hm sau khng c o hm ring ti (0,0)

a) f ( x, y ) = x 2 + y 2
b) f ( x, y ) = 3 x + sin y
HD: f x' ( 0, 0 ) = lim
x 0

f ( x, 0 ) f ( 0, 0 )
x0

, f y' ( 0, 0 ) = lim

f ( 0, y ) f ( 0, 0 )
y0

y 0

1.8. Tnh f x' (0, 0), f y' (0, 0) vi

1
2
4
( x + y ) sin 2
x + y2
a) f ( x, y ) =
0

, ( x, y ) = (0,0)

HD: Phi dng nh ngha :

a) f x' (0, 0) = 0, f y' (0, 0) = 0
f
1.9. Tnh
(1,2),
x

f
1.10. Tnh
(1,2),
x

x3 + y
, ( x, y ) (0, 0)

b) f ( x, y ) = x 2 + y 2
0
, ( x, y ) = (0, 0)

, ( x, y ) (0,0)

b) f x' (0, 0) = 1, f y' (0, 0)

f
(1,2) bit f ( x, y ) =
y

x2 +2 y 2
t2

f
(1,2) bit f ( x, y ) =
y

dt

x2 + y2

x2

cos t
dt
t 2 +1
'

'

u( x)

HD: S dng cng thc f (t )dt = f ( x ) , f (t )dt = u ' ( x ) f ( u ( x) )

a
x
a
x

1.11. Tnh

xy 2
f
f
(1,1),
(1,1) bit f ( x, y ) = (1 + x 2 + y 2 )
x
y

HD: S dng cng thc o hm ring ca hm hp f = u v vi u = 1 + x 2 + y 2 , v = xy 2 .

1.12. Tm hm f ( x, y ) nu bit rng
HD:

f
f
= x 2 y v
= y2 x .
x
y

f
x3
= x 2 y f ( x, y ) = yx + g ( y ) , kt hp gi thit th hai.
x
3

1.13. Chng minh hm f ( x, y ) = y ln (x 2 y 2 ) tha mn phng trnh

1 f 1 f
f
. + . = 2
x x y y y

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x2 x 1 1
1.14. Chng minh hm f ( x, y ) =
+ + tha mn phng trnh
2y 2 x y

f
f
x3
.
+ y2
=
x
y
y

x2

1.15. Vi gi thit f, g l cc hm kh vi, chng minh hm u = xf ( x + y ) + yg ( x + y ) tha mn

phng trnh
2u
2u 2u

2
+
= 0.
xy y 2
x 2

1.16. Chng minh rng hm u ( x, y , z ) =

1
2

x + y2 + z2

tha mn phng trnh Laplace

2u 2u 2u
+
+
=0.
x 2 y 2 z 2

1.17. Tnh vi phn ton phn ca cc hm sau

b) f ( x, y, z ) = ( xy )

a) f ( x, y ) = ln 1 + sin
y

1.18. Tnh

b) d 2 f 1, vi f ( x, y ) = sin xy
2

a) d 2 f vi f ( x, y ) = e x sin y

1.19. Tnh d 3 f nu f ( x, y ) = x 3 + y 3 + 3xy ( x y ) .

1.20. Cho u ( x, y , z ) = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 . Chng minh d 2u 0, dx, dy, dz .
1.21. Dng vi phn ton phn tnh gn ng
2
3
a) ln ( 2,98 ) (1,99 )
b) (1,02) 3 + (1,97) 3

d) ln 3 4 1, 02 + 2 5 0,99 4

e) (0,97) 3, 02

c)
f)

(1,02)1,99 + ln(1,01)

s in1,49arctan0,02

vi 1,57
2,97
2
2

HD: f) Xt hm f ( x, y, z ) = 2 x sin y arctan z .

1.22. Cho z l hm n ca x,y xc nh bi x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 . Chng minh rng
x

z
z
1
+ y = z
x
y
z

1.23. Tnh vi phn cp 1 ca hm n z=z(x,y) xc nh bi cc phng trnh tng ng

a) z 3 + 2 x 2 z = x + y
b) x + y + z = e ( x+ 2 y +3 z )

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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1.24. Tnh vi phn cp 1 v cp 2 ca hm n z=z(x,y) xc nh bi cc phng trnh

x2
= ln
z

z
+2
y

1.25. Khai trin Taylor ti bc hai vi phn d Peano ca hm f ( x, y ) =

1
ti (2,1).
x y

1.26. Khai trin Maclaurin ti bc hai vi phn d Peano ca hm

a) f ( x, y ) = ln(1 + x + 2 y )

b) f ( x, y ) =

x
.
x+ y+2

1.27. Tm a thc xp x bc 2 trong ln cn ca (0,0) ca cc hm s sau

a) f ( x, y ) = e 2 x cos y
b) f ( x, y ) = ln (1 + 2 x ) sin y
1.28. Cho hm hai bin f(x,y) kh vi trn R2 c cc o hm ring b chn
f x ( x, y ) M , f y ( x, y ) M ; ( x, y ) R 2 .
Chng minh
f ( x1 , y1 ) f ( x2 , y2 ) M ( x1 x2 + y1 y2 ) , ( x1 , y1 ) , ( x2 , y2 ) R 2 .

III. O HM THEO HNG, VECT GRADIENT.

Xt hm hai bin f ( x, y ) ti M ( x0 , y0 ) .
Vct gradient ca f ti M l
f

f
f ( M ) = ( x0 , y0 ) , ( x0 , y0 )
y
x

r
Vi hng u = ( a, b ) th
f
f
a
f
b
r ( M ) = ( M ).
+ ( M ).
2
2
2
x
y
u
a +b
a + b2

hay
f
f
f
r ( M ) = ( M ) .cos + ( M ) .cos
x
y
u
r
r
vi = u , Ox , = u , Oy .

Ta c

1 r
ur
f
r ( M ) = f ( M ) . r u
u
u

uuu
r
r
uuur
f
max r ( M ) = f ( M ) u = k f ( M ) ( k > 0 )
u
.
uuur
r
uuur
f
min r ( M ) = f ( M ) u = k f ( M ) ( k < 0 )
u

Cc khi nim, kt qu trn cho hm ba bin l hon ton tng t.

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.29. Tm o hm ca f ( x, y ) = 2 x 2 3 y 3 ti P (1, 0 ) theo hng to vi Ox mt gc 1200.

1.30. Tnh o hm ca hm s z = x 2 + xy + y 2 ti M (1, 1) theo hng v = 6i + 8 j .

r

1.31. Tnh o hm ca hm s f ( x, y, z ) = x 3 + y 3 z ti M ( 1, 2,1) theo hng ca v = ( 0,3,3) .

1.32. Tnh o hm ca hm s f ( x, y, z ) = arcsin
uuuuuur
M 0 M 1 vi M1(3,2,3).

ti M 0 (1,1,1) theo hng ca vect

x2 + y2

z
u

1.33. Cho hm s z = xe y v M 0 ( 2, 0 ) . Tm hng u r ( M 0 ) ln nht, nh nht.

1.34. Cho hm s f ( x, y, z ) =

r
xy
f
v M 0 (1,1,1) . Tm vct n v e r ( M 0 ) ln nht, xc
z
e

nh gi tr ln nht .
1.35. Tnh gc to bi cc vect gradient ca f ( x, y, z ) =

x
ti cc im A(1,2,2) v
x + y2 + z2
2

B(-3,1,0).
1.36. Tm im M(x,y) trong mt phng Oxy f ( M ) = 0 vi f ( x, y ) = x3 + y 3 3 xy .
1.37. Cho hm s f ( x, y, z ) = x 3 + y 3 z , tm tc thay i ca f ti M 0 (1,1, 2 ) dc theo
ng

x 1 y 1 z 2
=
=
theo hng gim ca x.
3
2
2

1.38. Nu nhit ti M(x,y,z) l f ( x, y, z ) = 3x 2 5 y 2 + 2 z 2 v bn ang v tr (1/3,1/5,1/2),

hng no bn i nhit gim nhanh nht c th?
r

f
u

HD: 1.37, 1.38: r ( M ) =tc thay i ca hm f theo hng u ti M.

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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CHNG 2: NG DNG CA HM NHIU BIN

I. CC TR T DO.
tm cc im cc tr hm hai bin ta ch cn tm cc im dng (trong trng hp hm
2
f c f x' , f y' ) ri tnh = f xx'' f yy'' ( f xy'' ) ti cc im dng . Khi gii ta im dng
phi ch ti min xc nh ca f .
Trong trng hp = 0 c th t hoc khng t cc tr ti im dng.
+ ch ra t cc tr ta c th dng bt ng thc
V d: Hm f ( x, y ) = x 4 + y 4 c mt im dng duy nht l O (0,0) v ti = 0 .
Ta c f ( x, y ) 0 = f (0,0), ( x, y ) ,do vi mt ln cn ty ca O th f (O) s nh
nht trong ln cn , ni cch khc O l im CT ca f .
+ ch ra khng t cc tr ti P( x 0 , y 0 ) ta xt mt ln cn V ty ca P v ch ra
trong V c hai im P1 , P2 sao cho
f ( P1 ) < f ( P ) < f ( P2 )
Thng thng ta hay chn P1 , P2 mt trong cc dng
( x0 k , y 0 ), ( x0 , y 0 k ), ( x0 k , y 0 k ) vi k > 0 b.

Vi hm ba bin f ( x, y, z ) ta kim tra im dng c l im cc tr hay khng bng cch xt

du d 2 f : dng bin i Lagrange a v tng bnh phng hoc dng tiu chun Sylvester
xt du dng ton phng (nu c nh thc con chnh bng 0 th phi xt trc tip d 2 f ).
V d: Tm cc tr ca f ( x, y ) = x 4 + y 4 2 x 2 + 4 xy 2 y 2
Phng trnh im dng
f x' = 4 x 3 4 x + 4 y = 0
x 3 + y 3 = 0
3
'
3
y + x y = 0
f y = 4 y + 4 x 4 y = 0
Suy ra f c 3 im dng O (0,0), M ( 2 , 2 ), N ( 2 , 2 )
Ti M , N th f t cc tr v > 0 .
Ti O th = 0 , ta ch ra khng t cc tr ti O . Xt V l mt ln cn ty ca

O , vi 0 < k < min
,2 th P1 (k , k ), P2 (k , k ) V , nhng ta c
2
f ( P1 ) = 2k 4 8k 2 = 2k 2 ( k 2 4) < 0 , f (O ) = 0, f ( P2 ) = 2k 4 > 0
Vy f ( P1 ) < f (O ) < f ( P2 ) , tc f khng t ln nht hay nh nht ti O trong V m
V l ln cn chn ty , vy f khng t cc tr ti O .

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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2.1. Chng minh hm f ( x, y ) = 4 x 4 + y 2 khng c cc o hm ring ti (0,0) nhng vn

t cc tr ti .
HD: Dng nh ngha ch ra f x' (0, 0), f y' (0, 0) , dng bt ch ra t CT ti (0,0).
2.2. Tm cc tr ca cc hm s sau
a) f ( x, y ) = xy +

50 20
+
x
y

b) f ( x, y, z ) = x3 + y 2 + z 2 + 12 xy + 2 z

( x > 0, y > 0 )

c) f ( x, y ) = x 4 + y 4 + 4 xy

d) f ( x, y, z ) = x +

2.3. Tm cc tr ca cc hm s sau
a) z = x 2 + 3 y 2 + xy x + 5 y

y2 z2 2
+ +
4x y z

( x, y , z > 0 )

b) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + 2 y 2 + 3 y 2 2 xy 2 yz
y2 1
+
4x y
g) f ( x, y ) = ( x y )(1 xy )

8 x
+ +y
x y
f) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 xy + x 2 z

c) z =

d) z = x +

2.4. Tm cc tr ca cc hm s sau
a) z = x 3 + y 3 + x 2
HD: y l cc bi c = 0

b) z = x 3 3 x 2 + 3 x + 3 xy 2 3 y 2 + y 3
x = 1
v xt P1 , P2 dng (1 k ,0) vi k > 0 b.
y = 0

b) z x' = 3[( x 1) 2 + y 2 ] = 0
II. CC TR C IU KIN

tm cc tr c iu kin ca f ( x, y ) vi iu kin ( x, y ) = 0 xt hm ph Lagrange

L( x, y ) = f ( x, y ) + ( x, y )
L'x = f x' + x' = 0

Tm im dng L'y = f y' + y' = 0 .

( x, y ) = 0

Ti im dng (x0,y0) ng vi 0 , kim tra d 2 L = L"xx dx 2 + 2 L"xx dxdy + L"yy dy 2 xc nh dng hay
xc nh m ta s c (x0,y0) l im C hay CT c iu kin ca f ( x, y ) .
Nu cha c ngay xc nh dng hay m ta ch rng buc ca dx,dy ti (x0,y0) :
x' ( x0 , y0 ) dx + y' ( x0 , y0 ) dy = 0 .
Hm ba bin hon ton tng t.
2.5. Tm cc tr ca
x2 y2
+
= 1 ( a, b > 0 )
a2 b2
1 1
1
1
1
b) f ( x, y ) = + vi iu kin 2 + 2 = 2 ( a > 0 )
x y
x
y
a
2
2
c) f ( x, y ) = x + 12 xy + 2 y vi iu kin 4 x 2 + y 2 = 25

a) f ( x, y ) = x + y vi iu kin

d) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 y + 2 z vi iu kin x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1
8

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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2.6. Tm hnh ch nht c ng cho bng a cho trc m c din tch ln nht.
HD: Gi di hai cnh k nhau ca hnh ch nht l x, y th iu kin l x 2 + y 2 = a 2 .

III. GI TR LN NHT, GI TR NH NHT.

tm cc min, max ca f trn D ta ch cn tm cc im ti hn (l cc im dng trong
trng hp c f x' , f y' ) ca f trong D v tm cc im min,max ca f trn bin ca D ri so
snh cc gi tr ca f ti cc im . Khi xt cc im trn bin (thng l ng cong
( x, y ) = 0 ) ta rt y theo x hoc x theo y hoc tham s ha ng cong bin a f v mt
bin v tm GTLN, GTNN nh ca hm mt bin thng thng.
2.7. Tm min,max ca cc hm z = f ( x, y ) trn cc min D tng ng
x2
+ y 2 1} .
4
b) z = x 2 + 3 y 2 + x y trn D gii hn bi cc min x 1, y 1, x + y 1 .

a) z = xy 2 trn D = {( x, y ) :

c) z = cos x + cos y + cos( x + y ) trn D = {( x, y ) : 0 x, y } .

4

d) z = x + y 3 xy trn D = {( x, y ) : 0 x 2,1 y 2} .
e) z = x 3 y 3 3 xy trn D = {2 x 0, 0 y 2} .
f) z = x + y trn D = {( x, y ) : x 2 + y 2 1} .
g) z = 2 xy x y trn D gii hn bi cc min x 0; y 0, y x 2 , x + y 2 .
HD: a) Cc im ( x, y ) trn bin D = {( x, y ) :

x2
x2
+ y 2 = 1} tha y 2 = 1
(2 x 2)
4
4

f) Cc im ( x, y ) trn bin D = {( x, y ) : x 2 + y 2 = 1} c dng

x = cos t

y = sin t

(0 t 2 )

2.8. Trn mt phng Oxy xt min kn tam gic OAB xc nh bi cc trc Ox, Oy v ng
x + y 1 = 0 . Tm cc im M ( x, y ) thuc min tam gic sao cho
a) Tng cc bnh phng khong cch t M ti ba nh O, A, B l ln nht, nh nht.
b) Tng cc khong cch t M ti ba nh O, A, B l ln nht, nh nht.
2.9. Tm khong cch b nht ca hai ng thng:

x 2 y +1 z +1
x 2 y 1 z 2
=
=
v
=
=
.
4
7
1
2
1
3

HD: Vit pt hai ng thng dng tham s ri dng cng thc khong cch.
Ch nu c > 0 v f xx'' > 0 (< 0); ( x, y ) th CT (C) cng chnh l GTNN (GTLN).

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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IV. NG DNG HNH HC.

vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ca ng cong (C) l giao ca hai mt (S1) v (S2) ti
M (C ) , ta vit phng trnh hai tip din ca hai mt ti M, khi tip tuyn cn tm l giao
ca hai tip din va tm c.
2.10. Vit phng trnh ca mt phng tip din vi mt 3xyz z 3 = a 3 ti im ng vi
x = 0, y = a .
2.11. Vit phng trnh tip din ca
2

a) Paraboloid elliptic z = x + y ti (1, 2,5)

2.12. Tm tip din ca ellipxoit x 2 +

x2 y 2 z 2
b) Nn
+ = 0 ti (4,3,4).
16 9 8

y2 z2
+ = 1 song song vi mt phng x+y+z=1.
9
4

2.13. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn v php din ca ng

a) x = a sin 2 t , y = b sin t cos t , z = c cos 2 t ti im ng vi t =

b) x = t , y = t 2 , z = t 3 ti im ng vi t = 3 .
2.14. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng cong giao bi hai mt z = x 2 + y 2 v
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2 ti M(1,0,1).
2.15. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng cong giao bi hai mt x 2 + y 2 = 1 v z = x + y
ti M

2, 2, 2 2 .

2.16. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn v php din ca ng cong giao bi hai mt x 2 + y 2 = 10
v y 2 + z 2 = 10 ti M (1,1,3) .
2.17. Chng minh cc mt x 2 + y 2 + z 2 8 x 8 y 6 z + 24 = 0 v x 2 + 3 y 2 + 2 z 2 = 9 tip xc
nhau ti M ( 2,1,1) .
HD: Ch ra hai mt c cng tip din ti M.
2.18. Chng minh tip din ca mt x1/ 2 + y1/ 2 + z1/ 2 = a1/ 2 ti mt im ty s chn cc trc
ta bi cc on c tng di bng a .

10

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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CHNG 3: TCH PHN HM NHIU BIN

I. TCH PHN KP.

tnh tch phn kp ta dng cng thc Fubini a v tch phn lp. Ch hai dng min
ca nh l Fubini, trong nhiu trng hp kh tnh theo dng min ny nhng li n gin
theo dng min kia.
C th dng i bin. Nu min ly tch phn l hnh trn hoc cc hnh lin quan ti hnh
x = r cos
trn (hnh vnh khn, hnh qut,) ta dng php i bin ta cc
.
y = r sin
Nu hnh trn c tm khng ti gc ta ta c th di trc a gc ta v tm hnh trn
trc sau mi i bin ta cc.
Din tch ca min kn D: S ( D ) = dxdy
D

3.1. Tnh tch phn kp

3

b) dx ( x + y )dy

a) dy ( x + 2 y )dx
2

x3

c) dy x y x dx
2

x2

y2

y4

d) dy

y
dx
x

3.2. Tnh tch phn kp ca hm cho trn min D

a) f ( x, y ) = ln x. sin y vi D : 1 x 2, 0 y .
b) f ( x, y ) = 2 x + 1
vi D : 0 x 2, x 2 y 2 x .
vi D : 0 y 1, y x y .
c) f ( x, y ) = xy
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)

vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi

f ( x, y ) = y x
f ( x, y ) = y x
f ( x, y ) = x 2 y
f ( x, y ) = x y
f ( x, y ) = x + y
f ( x, y ) = y

j) f ( x, y ) =

1
2y y

k) f ( x, y ) = e x

D : x 0,

y x2,

y 4 x2 .

D : x 0,

y 2 x2 ,

y x.

D : x 0, x y 0, x + y 2 .
D gii hn bi cc ng y 2 = 3 x v y 2 = 4 x .

D gii hn bi cc ng y = 0, y = x , x + y = 2 .
D gii hn bi cc ng y = 2 x, y = 5 x v x = 2.

vi D l gc phn t th nht gii hn bi ng x 2 = 4 2 y.

vi D gii hn bi cc ng y = x 2 , x = 3 v y=0.

3.3. i th t cc tch phn kp sau

2

x2

a) dx f ( x, y )dy

b) dy f ( x, y )dx
0

c) dy

11

f ( x, y)dx
y/2

1 x 2

d) dx

f ( x, y ) dx

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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3.4. Tnh tch phn kp

a) x sin ydxdy vi D l tam gic vi cc nh O (0,0) , A(0, ) , B( , ) .
D

b)

(x + y )dxdy

vi D l hnh thang vi cc nh M (0,1) , N (1,0) , P (2,0) v Q (3,1) .

c)

xy

dxdy vi D l gii hn bi cc ng y = x 2 , 4 y = x 2 ,

y = 4.

d)

cos( x + y) dxdy

vi D l tam gic OAB vi O (0,0) , A( ,0) , B(0, ) .

e)

( x y)dxdy
D
2

vi D l gii hn bi cc ng y = x, y = 2 x 2 .

f) dy e x dx .
2

g)

y
2
x
y

dxdy vi D l gii hn bi cc ng y 2 = x, x = 0,

y = 1.

HD: d) D = D1 D2 : D1 = {( x, y ) : 0 x, y, x + y } , D2 = D2' D2''

2

x+ y =

x+ y =

D1

D2'

D2''

f) D : 0 y 2, y / 2 x 1 . a v dng min th nht v i th t tch phn.

g) a v dng min th hai (hai trc ngang).
3.5. Bng phng php i bin ta cc hy tnh cc tch phn sau
a) ln (1 + x 2 + y 2 )dxdy vi D l hnh trn x 2 + y 2 1 .
D

b)

(x

+ y2

3
2

dxdy vi D l min gii hn bi hai ng x 2 + y 2 = 1 , x 2 + y 2 = 4 .

c)

1 x 2 y 2 dxdy vi D : x 2 + y 2 x .

d)

x2 + y2

dxdy vi D : x 2 + y 2 1, x 0, y 0 .

e)

1 x2 y2
dxdy vi D : x 2 + y 2 1, x 0, y 0 .
1 + x2 + y 2

12

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------f) (x + y )dxdy vi D : 1 x 2 + y 2 2, 0 , y x .
D

g)

h)

(x

x2 y2
dxdy vi D l min gii hn bi ellipse
a2 b2

x2 y2
+
= 1.
a2 b2

+ y 2 dxdy vi D : x 2 + y 2 + 2 x 1 0, x 2 + y 2 + 2 x 0 .

HD:

g) i bin ta cc m rng: x = ar cos , y = br sin

h) i trc ri i bin ta cc: x = 1 + r cos , y = r sin

3.6. Bng phng php i bin tng qut cc hy tnh cc tch phn sau
a) ( x + y ) 7 ( x y ) 4 dxdy vi D l gii hn bi cc ng
D

x + y = 1, x + y = 3, x y = 1, x y = 1 .

b)

(2 x y)dxdy

vi D l gii hn bi cc ng

x + y = 1, x + y = 2, 2 x y = 1, 2 x y = 0 .

c)

x + y dxdy vi D l min gii hn bi cc ng

x + y = 0, x + y = 1,

d)

(x + y ) e
2

x2 y2

y = 1,

dxdy vi D : x 0,

y = 1 .
y 0, x + y 1 .

HD:

a) i bin u = x + y, v = x y
c) i bin u = x + y, v = y

b) i bin u = x + y, v = 2 x y
d) i bin u = x + y, v = x y

3.7. Tnh din tch min phng gii hn bi ng cong ( x 2 y + 3) + ( 3 x + 4 y 1) = 100 .

HD: i bin u = x 2 y + 3, v = 3 x + 4 y 1 a min phng v dng hnh trn.
2

3.8. Cho D = {( x, y ) R 2 :1 x 2 + y 2 2 x} (nm ngoi hnh trn x 2 + y 2 = 1 , nm trong hnh trn

( x 1)

+ y2 = 1 )

a) Tnh din tch ca min D.

b) Tnh tch phn ydxdy .
D
2

HD: i bin ta cc. Trong ta cc th cc ng trn x 2 + y 2 = 1 , ( x 1) + y 2 = 1

ln lt c phng trnh l r = 1, r = 2 cos , ch trong D th .

3
3.9. Cho D l min gii hn bi cc ng x = 3 y, y = x v ( x 1) + y = 1 .
2

a) Tnh din tch ca min D.

b) Tnh tch phn xdxdy .
D

HD: i bin ta cc. Trong ta cc th cc ng x = 3 y, y = x , ( x 1) + y 2 = 1

ln lt c phng trnh l = , = v r = 2 cos .

6

13

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
3.10. Tnh tch phn
dxdy , trong D = {( x, y ) R 2 : x 2 + y 2 y} .
2
2
1 x y
D

HD: Dng i bin ta cc (nu dng php di trc ri mi i bin ta cc th

sao?)

xdxdy

3.11. Tnh

vi D : ( x 1) + ( y 2 ) 1 .

HD: Dng i bin ta cc di trc: x = 1 + r cos , y = 1 + r sin .

II. TCH PHN BI BA.

tnh

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz

ta xc nh: : ( x, y ) D Oxy, 1 ( x, y ) z 2 ( x, y ) th

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz =

2 ( x , y )

1 ( x , y )

f ( x, y, z )dz dxdy

c bit, nu : a x b, 1 ( x ) y 2 ( x ) , 1 ( x, y ) z 2 ( x, y ) th

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz =

dx

2 ( x)

1 ( x)

dy

2 ( x , y )

1 ( x , y )

f ( x, y, z )dz

Ch D l hnh chiu ca ln Oxy.

Mt s trng hp c bit:
+ gii hn bi cc mt z = 1 ( x, y ) v z = 2 ( x, y ) : nu khi c dng n gin th D l
min gii hn bi hnh chiu ca ng giao tuyn hai mt ln Oxy. Gi s trong D ta
c 1 ( x, y ) 2 ( x, y ) th : ( x, y ) D Oxy, 1 ( x, y ) z 2 ( x, y ) .
+ gii hn bi mt tr ( x, y ) = 0 v cc mt z = 1 ( x, y ) , z = 2 ( x, y ) : nu trong min
D Oxy gii hn bi ng chun ( x, y ) = 0 ca mt tr m 1 ( x, y ) 2 ( x, y ) th D

chnh l hnh chiu ca ln Oxy v : ( x, y ) D Oxy, 1 ( x, y ) z 2 ( x, y ) .

Hon ton tng t trong trng hp ta chiu ln Oxz hoc Oyz.
i vi c hnh chiu dng hnh trn ta c th dng php i bin ta tr, cn nu
c dng hnh cu ta c th dng i bin ta cu.
Th tch ca : V ( ) = dxdydz .

3.12. Tnh

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz

vi

a) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + y 2 v :1 x 2, 0 y 2, 1 z 1 .
b) f ( x, y, z ) = z v : 0 x 1/ 4, x y 2 x, 0 z 1 x 2 y 2 .
c) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + y 2 v : x 2 + y 2 1, 0 z 1 .
14

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
d) f ( x, y, z ) = 2 2 2 v : x 2 + y 2 1, 1 z 3 .
x +y +z
z
e) f ( x, y, z ) =
v : x 2 + y 2 2ax, 0 z 1 (a > 0) .
2
2
2 2
(x + y + z )

HD: d)

1
2

z +a

= ln z + z 2 + a 2 + C

e) a v tch phn kp v i bin ta cc x = r cos , y = r sin .

3.13. Tnh

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz

vi

a) f ( x, y, z ) = xy v gii hn bi cc mt x 2 + y 2 = 1, z = 0, z = x 2 + y 2 .
b) f ( x, y, z ) = z ( x 2 + y 2 )

3/ 2

v gii hn bi cc mt z = x 2 + y 2 , z = x 2 + y 2 .

c) f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 v gii hn bi mt ellipxoit 4 ( x 2 + y 2 ) + z 2 = 4 .
d) f ( x, y, z ) = y v gii hn bi mt nn y = x 2 + z 2 , y = a ( a > 0 ) .
e) f ( x, y, z ) = z x 2 + y 2 v gii hn bi cc mt y 2 = 4 x x 2 , z = 0, z = 1 .
f) f ( x, y, z ) = z 2 v : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2az, x 2 + y 2 + z 2 a 2 ( a > 0 ) .
g) f ( x, y, z ) = z 2 v : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 R 2 .
h) f ( x, y, z ) = z 2 v : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 4, x 2 + y 2 2 x .
HD: a),b),c): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxy l hnh trn x 2 + y 2 1 hoc dng ta tr.
d): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l x 2 + z 2 a 2 .
2
e): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l hnh trn ( x 2 ) + y 2 2 2 hoc dng ta tr.
2

3a
f): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l hnh trn x + y
.
2
g): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l hnh trn x 2 + y 2 R 2 hoc dng ta cu.
2

h): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l hnh trn ( x 1) + y 2 1 hoc dng ta tr.

3.14. Tnh

f ( x, y, z ) dxdydz

vi

a) f ( x, y, z ) = 1 x y z v : x 0, y 0, z 0, x + y + z 1
b) f ( x, y, z ) = x + y + z v gii hn bi cc mt x = 0, y = 0, x + y = 1, z = 0, z = 1 .
c) f ( x, y, z ) =

(x + y + z)

v gii hn bi cc mt x + z = 3, y = 2, x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 .

d) f ( x, y, z ) = xy v gii hn bi cc mt y = x 2 , z = 0 v y + z = 4 .
HD: a),b): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxy l tam gic x 0, y 0, x + y 1 .
c): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l tam gic x 0, z 0, x + z 3 .
d): hnh chiu D ca ln Oxz l min gii hn bi y = x 2 v y = 4

15

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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3.15. Tnh th tch vt th gii hn bi cc mt cong

a) z = 0, x 2 + y 2 = 1, z = 3 1 + x 2 + y 2 .
b)
c)
d)
e)

z = 0,
z = 0,

y = x2 ,

y = 1, z = 1 + x 2

y + z = 1.

y=x ,

y.

z = x + y v x + y 2 + z 2 = 6 .
z = x 2 + y 2 v z = 2 x 2 y 2 .

f) z = x 2 + y 2 v z = x 2 + y 2 .
g) z = 2 x 2 y 2 v z = x 2 + y 2 .
h) z = 2 x 2 y 2 v x 2 + y 2 z 2 = 0 .
2

3.16. Tnh th tch ca vt gii hn bi mt ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) = a 2 ( x 2 + y 2 z 2 ) ( a > 0 )

HD: Dng ta cu.

III. TCH PHN NG LOI MT.

tnh tch phn ng loi mt

f ( x, y )ds ta tham s ha cung AB:

AB

AB : x = x ( t ) ( a t b )
y = y (t )

Khi

f ( x, y )ds = f ( x(t ), y ((t ) )

AB

( x '(t ) ) + ( y '(t ) )

dt

c bit
Nu

x = r ( ) cos
AB : y = f ( x ) x = t

AB
:
r
r
(

)
,
nu
y = f (t )
y = r ( )sin

di ng cong AB:

( )

l AB =

ds

AB

3.17. Tnh tch phn ng loi mt

f ( x, y )ds vi
C

a) f ( x, y ) =

1
4 + x2 + y 2

vi C l on thng ni O (0, 0) v A(1, 2) .

b) f ( x, y ) = x + y vi C l na trn ng trn x 2 + y 2 = a 2 .
x2 y 2
+
= 1 gc th nht.
a2 b2
d) f ( x, y ) = x vi C l hnh trn x 2 + y 2 = 2 x .

c) f ( x, y ) = xy vi C l ellip

e) f ( x, y ) = y vi C l hnh trn x 2 + y 2 = 2 y .

16

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.18. Tnh tch phn ng loi mt f ( x, y, z )ds vi
C

a) f ( x, y, z ) = z ( x + y
2

2 3/ 2

vi C l phn ng cong

x = a cos t , y = a sin t , z = bt (0 t 2 ) , a>0, b>0.

x2 + y 2 + z 2 = R2
b) f ( x, y, z ) = x + y vi C l phn t ng trn
, nm trong gc phn
x = y

tm th nht.
x2 + y2 + z 2 = R2

c) f ( x, y, z ) = xyz vi C l phn t ng trn 2 2 R 2

, nm trong gc phn
x + y =

tm th nht.

IV. TCH PHN NG LOI HAI.

tnh tch phn ng loi hai

P ( x, y ) dx + Q ( x, y ) dy

ta tham s ha cung AB:

AB

AB : x = x ( t ) ( t A = a , t B = b )
y = y (t )

(c th a>b)

Khi

P ( x, y ) dx + Q ( x, y ) dy = P ( x(t ), y (t ) ) x '(t ) + Q ( x(t ), y (t ) ) y '(t ) dt

AB

Nu C l ng cong kn gii hn min D ta c th dng cng thc Green a tch phn

ng loi hai v tch phn kp
Q

P ( x, y ) dx + Q( x, y)dy = x y dxdy

(C ly theo hng dng)

Ch trong trng hp ny thng th P(x,y) cha 1 hm phc tp c lp theo bin x,

Q(x,y) cha mt hm phc tp c lp theo bin y (gii thch v sao?).
Nu

Q P
=
(tch phn khng ph thuc ng i) tnh P ( x, y ) dx + Q ( x, y ) dy ta chn
x y
AB

ng i n gin t A ti B.
3.19. Tnh

(x

2 xy ) dx + ( 2 xy + y 2 ) dy vi C l cung ni t A(1,1) ti B(2,4) dc theo cung

C
2

y=x .

3.20. Tnh

2
2
y dx + x dy vi C l na trn ellip

3.21. Tnh

ydx ( y + x

x2 y 2
+
= 1 theo chiu kim ng h.
a2 b2

)dy vi C l phn cung parabol y = 2 x x 2 nm pha y 0 v theo

chiu ngc kim ng h.

17

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.22. Tnh ( xy 1) dx + x 2 ydy vi C ng i t A(1,0) ti B(0,2) theo cc ng
C

a) ng thng ni A v B.
b) ng parabol x = 1

y2
.
4

3.23. Tnh xdx + ydy + z 2 dz vi C l cung x = a cos t , y = a sin t , z = bt (a>0, b>0) i t A(a,0,0)
C

n B(a,0,2b).
3.24. Tnh x 2 dx + y 2 dy + z 2 dz vi C l ng cong giao tuyn 2 mt x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 v
C
2

z = x + y 2 i theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h nhn theo trc Oz.

3.25. Tnh 2 ( x 2 + y 2 ) dx + ( x + y )2 dy vi C l cung bin tam gic A(1,1),B(2,2),C(1,3) theo

C

chiu dng bng 2 cch

a) Tnh trc tip.
b) Dng cng thc Green.
3.26. Tnh

(e x
x

xy ) dx + ( x 2 + y )dy vi C l ng trn x 2 + y 2 = 2 y theo chiu dng.

3.27. Tnh

( x sin x + y ) dx + ( y e
2

2 y

+ 2 xy )dy vi C l na trn ellip

x2 y 2
+
= 1 ly theo chiu
a2 b2

ngc chiu kim ng h.

3.28. Tnh

(x

arctan x + y 2 ) dx + ( y 2 e y + 2 xy + x)dy vi C l na trn ellip

x2 y 2
+
= 1 ly
a2 b2

theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h.

HD: Ni on A(-a,0),B(a,0) thnh ng cong kn v dng cng thc Green.

18

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHNG 4: PHNG TRNH VI PHN

I. PHNG TRNH VI PHN CP 1.
dy
a phung trnh v dng vi phn hay dng o hm.
dx
Dng y ' = f (ax + by + c ) a c v dng c bin phn li bng php t z = ax + by + c .
Thng thng ta tm nghim dng y = y ( x) nhng trong mt s trng hp, n gin, ta
tm nghim dng x = x( y ) (l hm nguc ca hm y = y ( x) ). Khi ch
dy
1
1
y x' =
=
= '
dx dx x y
dy

Ch cng thc y ' =

V d: Tm nghim ca phng trnh y '+ cos ( x + 2 y ) = cos ( x 2 y ) vi iu kin y ( 0 ) =

dy
2 sin x sin 2 y = 0
dx
k

+ sin 2 y = 0 y =
(k Z ) khng l nghim v khng tha y (0) =
2
4
k
(k Z ) a v dng c bin phn li
+ sin 2 y 0 y
2
dy
dy
1 d cos 2 y
2 sin xdx = 0
2 sin xdx = C
+ 2 cos x = C
sin 2 y
sin 2 y
2 1 cos 2 2 y

a v

1
iu kin y (0) = ln
4
4

1 cos 2 y 1
ln
+ 2 cos x = C
4 cos 2 y + 1

cos 2
cos 2

1
+ 2 cos 0 = C C = 2
+1

4
1 1 cos 2 y
Vy nghim ring cn tm l ln
+ 2 cos x = 2
4 1 + cos 2 y
V d: Gptvp y ' x 3 sin y + 2 y = xy '
1
Ta tm nghim dng x = x( y ) ch y x' = ' .
xy

* Nu y ' = 0 y = C thay vo pt ta c C = 0 . Vy y = 0 l mt nghim ca pt.

* Nu y ' 0 , phng trnh tng ng vi
y ' x 3 sin y + 2 y = xy '

1
1
x 3 sin y

x=
y' 2 y
2y

x'

1
x 3 sin y
x=
2y
2y

(1)

y x' = x 'y , x = x ( y ) . Phng trnh (1) l phng trnh Bernoulli theo x l hm ca

y . a v dng (ch x 0 (?) )
19

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x'
1 2
sin y

x =
3
2y
2y
x
( x 2 )' 1 2
sin y

x =
2
2y
2y
1
sin y
z '+ z =
( 2)
y
y

vi z = x 2 , (2) l ptvp tuyn tnh cp 1 nn c NTQ

z=e

y dy

dy sin y
cos y + C
cos y + C
( e y
dy + C ) =
x 2 =
y
y
y

Vy ptvp c cc ngim
+ y=0
+

1 cos y + C
+
=0
y
x2

4.1. Gii cc ptvp

a) tgydx x ln xdy = 0
c) y ' = a cos y + b (b > a > 0)
HD: L cc pt loi tch bin.

b) cos x. y ' = y
d) y ' ( x + y ) = 1

4.2. Tm cc nghim ring ca ptvp tha mn iu kin tng ng

a) x 2 ( y 3 + 5)dx + ( x 3 + 5) y 2 dy = 0
tha y (0) = 1 .
2x
2
x
b) (1 + e ) y dy = e dx
tha y (0) = 0 .
c) xydx + (1 + y 2 ) 1 + x 2 dy = 0
d) y ' =

3x + 3 y 1
2( x + y )

e) y ' tgx = y

tha y ( 8 ) = 1 .
tha y (0) = 2 .

tha y ( ) = 1 .
2

HD: y l cc pt tch bin c, tm NTQ ri sau tm nghim ring tha iu kin

tng ng
4.3. Gii cc ptvp tuyn tnh cp 1
1
x
d) (1 + x 2 ) y '+ y = arctgx

b) y ' = (2 y + xe x 2e x )

a) y '2 xy = 1 2 x 2
c) x(1 + x 2 ) y ' y ( x 2 1) + 2 x = 0
4.4. Gii cc ptvp
a) y ' ( x + y 2 ) = y
c) 2 ydx = (2 y 3 x)dy
HD: Coi x l hm theo y

b) (2 xy + 3)dy y 2 dx = 0
d) ydx ( x + y 2 sin y )dy = 0

4.5. Gii cc ptvp

xy
=x y
1 x2
c) y '2 ytgx + y 2 sin 2 x = 0

a) y '+

b) xy' y (2 y ln x 1) = 0
d) y ' = y ( y 3 cos x + tgx)

HD: L cc pt Bernoulli.
20

Bi tp Ton A3 H Ngc K, H Nng Lm Tp.HCM

Created: 05/05/10. Last modified: 25/05/11.
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II. PHNG TRNH VI PHN CP 2.

Cc ptvp dng F ( x, y ' , y ' ' ) = 0 & F ( y, y ' , y ' ' ) = 0 ta u a c v ptvp cp 1 bng php
t z = y ' . Ch l dng th nht th a v cp 1 theo x, z cn dng th 2 th a v cp 1
theo y, z .
V d: Gii ptvp yy '' 2 yy 'ln y ( y ' ) = 0
2

t y ' = z y ' ' = z

dz
, phng trnh tr thnh
dy

dz
2 yz ln y z 2 = 0
dy
+ z = 0 y ' = 0 y = C (C > 0) l nghim pt.
+ z 0 y C a pt v
1
z 'y z = 2 ln y
y
y l ptvp tuyn tnh cp 1 i vi z (theo bin y ) .
yz

4.6. Gii cc ptvp

a) 2 y"( y ' ) 2 + 4 = 0
y'
= x( x 1) tha mn iu kin y (2) = 1, y ' ( 2) = 1 .
x 1
c) y ' ' = y '+( y ' ) 3

b) y ' '

d) 1 + ( y ' ) 2 = yy' '

e) yy"( y ' ) 2 = y 2 ln y
f) y" cos y + ( y ' ) 2 sin y y ' = 0 tha iu kin y (1) =
g) yy" = y ' ( y '+1)
HD: a), b) : pt gim cp c khng cha y;
c)-g) : pt gim cp c khng cha x.

21

, y ' (1) = 2 .