EE 3330 Electronics II Spring 2015 Laboratory #3 BJT Differential Amplifier, Part 2 Operation of the BIT differential amplifier in common mode and differential mode are studied in this laboratory experiment. Cireuit Circuit diagram of the BJT differential amplifier used in this experiment is shown in Figure 1. Qt and Q2 MATO4FP, 2 of 4 Nt +0 oF Vow 18V V, Q3 2N3904 18V Figure 1 Two transistors of a MATOAEP four BIT device are used in the circuit. They are the QI and Q2 shown in Figure | and form the emitter-coupled pair. The third transistor, Q3, is a 2N3904 one used to build the current source of /= 1.0 mA (nominal value). The difference in this BJT differential amplifier in comparison with that used in the BJT Differential Amplifier, Part 1, Laboratory #2, is only the value of resistors Rp, and Rg, which are increased to 9.1 kQ. This change has been made to obtain large voltages from an Agilent Waveform Generator when large input common mode voltage, Vjcy is required. 31Prelab For the differential amplifier used in this experiment, compute: 1, The small signal differential voltage gain, 4. 2. Maximum range of the common mode de voltage depends on the de input differential voltage. Compute the maximum range of the common mode de voltage for: a. Vp=0V, b. Mip=20 mv. The condition that must be satisfied for the permitted common mode voltage range for a given Vip is that all three transistors in the circuit must remain in the forward active region at any instant of time. Laboratory ‘The differential amplifier has symmetrical input and symmetrical output. Some of its characteristics require to measure the differential output voltage on its symmetrical output. The ‘Tektronix DPO 4032 oscilloscope's inputs are unsymmetrical and it is necessary to use two channels to measure the differential output voltage. The digital voltmeter has a pseudo- differential input and it can be used to measure differential voltages. 1, Common mode operation of the differential amplifier for vip = 0 Use oscilloscope to measure the maximum range of the input common mode voltage, Vigy. Asa source of the Vigy use the Agilent 33120A Waveform Generator and select the triangular waveform. Before connecting the generator to your circuit reduce its output voltage to zero and set its frequency to about 1 kHz. a. Connect the voltage vc, (or vc) to the input of channel 1 and the v, voltage to the input of channel 2. Set both channels to DC mode and to the same sensitivity. Make sure that the 0 V line of both channels is at the same level, and set the two channels to subtract mode [on the oscilloscope’s screen you will see the Voe, (OF Veen) voltage]. Slowly increase the output voltage of the Waveform Generator until you will see that the QI (or Q2) begins to saturate at the peak value of the triangular wave. Set the amplitude of the Waveform Generator to a maximum value for which neither the Yee, nor the Voc is distorted. Measure the input voltage peak value, this is the maximum positive input common mode voltage. Save files of the Vo, and ¥oe» oscillograms. b. Monitor the veg voltage with the oscilloscope. Increase the vigy until you will observe that the current source starts to quit working properly (Q3 starts to saturate). Set the amplitude of the Waveform Generator to a maximum value for which the yoe, is not distorted yet. Measure the input voltage negative peak value, this is the most negative common mode voltage of your amplifier. Save a file of the vee, oscillogram. For the most negative common mode voltage of your amplifier, inspect the vge, and vo, Voltages with the oscilloscope. Save files of the vee, and voez oscillograms. 2. Operation in differential mode of the differential amplifier for vicy = 0 Connect the inputs of your amplifier as shown in Figure 2. Compute the voltage division ratio of ve produced by R, and Ra, (use measured values of resistances). As the input voltage source use the Agilent 33120A Waveform Generator. Connect the vo, aid Yo, voltages to the inputs of oscilloscope's channels. Observe oscillogram of the Vg, and Yo, Voltages and set the 32amplitude of the Waveform Generator such, that the vg, and vg, will be not too small (signal should be much larger than noise) or too large (not distorted). Next, observe the output differential voltage Yoo = Voy ~ Yoo. This is a qualitative evaluation of your amplifier made for testing if the circuit behaves properly. Use sinusoidal and triangular waveforms of the function generator at about 1 kHz, vary the amplitude of the signal in the linear range of the amplifier and when it starts to be outside of this range. Assess when the output differential signal is not distorted and when you can see the distortions. An input signal is classified as “small” when there are no distortions of the output signal. Otherwise, the signal is “large.” Find the peak-to-peak value of the input voltage that is close to the boundary between the large and small signal levels (but on the side of small signal level). It is possible to see by inspection that a sine wave starts to be distorted when its nonlinear distortion starts to exceed 1%, Notice that the triangular wave is more convenient to estimate this point. Measure the ‘output voltage from the function generator (vg) and compute the corresponding input differential voltage (using the voltage division ratio of the voltage divider) at the boundary between distorted and undistorted output voltage. Use one channel of the oscilloscope to ‘observe the output voltage from the Waveform Generator. Notice which of the voltages vo,, Yea and Vop is in phase with the input voltage, and which is in opposite phase. Record your findings. Save a set of files of oscillograms of the Vs, Voy. Voz» afd Voo (use the de input for both channels). R 7 peice 910kO IN eee IN2 + desea Rp, | Differential | R, Ly 5 Ys Yet “0 79.1k2Q| Amplifier | 9.1 ka" Figure 2 3. Measure the differential gain, 4,, and both single-ended gains, Ayo, and Ager, of your amplifier. Use small sinusoidal input signals to make these measurements (the input signal should be lower than the boundary value estimated in point 2), Report Include your prelaboratory work. Provide tables with all collected and computed data. Provide comments which will make clear how you obtained the data. Explain how the ac input differential voltage, vjp, changes the maximum range of the common mode de voltage. 5. Discuss performance of your circuit, including a comparison of computed and measured characteristics. ReNe 33