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i Ge. Ge. 6 23-45 45 9-22 Erercises 145 I 6 S— 13-19 14% = 3- t- 30-3) EXERCISES 14.5 Length of are L units is the required are length. eae i Mie RE ye Mtb reo ws [Oe as [rae ws area at = Af ETT a sotet fife eae AED]! Bis mall Bes eA retis xbtte ay ye us leery 2-2; trom tee to tee, Fas = [MATRA HE = [ART B ot = Af METI ae 2 Va ATT To ance + AEFI = tale + vale vd = AEs Atal B.C) = 202L 6 2839; Krom EL to bez. RL) oath Stay, be [Faec tar + [eer aET at o aft var ara 2 pyle auenael® « Zecaoyare — 1g) 97ay Ty RO D021 = 40295; Crom tO to Leta d. RIC) = GattE Betty, be [PP umecan tae» [ear ear oe » | iBmETF at = tof "etter = seen)" #802 INS ~ 1) = 8(5% - 1) = 120 2 MUL) = etcos 14 otaints; from t +0 to ted. R(t) *(cost—siatietl + (aiat + cos treats. RCSL ea TAT TREES T ETS TCT SSSTIT A at + [)ATeoRReT TTT EET «| ietan « fet] fitment « + Mle-) Me RO tee tire Matt + Dy trom tro te Cote mt epee te tag pees [EAD Ga a « [GRR a= ott rae eres aie vb 13, Para: int trie equations ef the hypoeycioid of four e eT pe are x= St and y 248 areaaTT aah oa VaR at « vaaf)/faint cont ab «6a sinti]"”* os WH. xsdaln2t, ys4eonaty trom t= totem 0 = [eae a 3 19, 23. a. 29. “ u u " tw a on tats. wa int, 25. 2 2. Exerelsee 14.5 ars peasant teen toon te eran Lata rs ou~etonb end use seehu fron eet te uez te [FART T TIGHT au = [PME + aft T= TeenTaT ET recnPa Team au + off esa to = of? ivi ae eeneay aT nvdus-atoteonn ul]®, ¢ araleonnat]? waft teenn ofan caf? tam uae afte salnleoen(-1) | etafeosk 21 = alln cosh 14 In cosh 21 Te L unite is the cireusference of the circle r=Scos 0, then be [TET TE a0 « fo TaTR ATEN Tcoe WE a0 - [°5ATATOT coat do = 5|"40 « 50 the circumference of the circle bn [ET TE a0 = [POET TE co « foe ao IL unite de the length of the ontire cardioid r+ 5 costko « K(1+ cos 6), then aoa eevee + [LAE oRR TT AMAT ET Beant 9 « 2" MS couPREVETREEET CanPHE 80 +6 [Jeonko 40 = 12 sinko]” «12 Te L unite de the Length of the are of the curve r= 62 from 6=0 C0 O24, then Lee PETE ao = [MERRITT Hae a0 « [MTT TATE 0 » Ef et ea0 = WE [o2e | = HB Lot ~ 11 It L units Ie the fength of the arc of the curve r+ avintho from 620 10 9561, Chan ten [MTR TE ao» [Ver aTaR con HOTT ATRTAOHD 00 « a[?* TmTROT COR THET wT ATH 40 fade) | w a[Stetatde ae dale - Soin Zo] ode(os Using meters, the peth of tha thunblack ie « eyel oi having the perasetric equations hy Ee OME maim ty and y 20081 e9e td 2 distance of 50% jee of the Cire ie O.8nm, then the number of revolutions wade by the thunbtock ie SS AE tae te fhe Ut the bieyele jolad by tha thusbtack during 62.5 revolutions, then dletence : t benef" ATET Eat wen. of eT Sane TET TO TTAB 62.80.00 [= Faae CRT a «anf EEE a «2500 [ATE Tet + vofftar gs at « of-2 conte] = -so0¢-1~ 1» + 200 t Aro 3 Exercises 14.6 RCISES 14.6 The unit tangent aod unit noraal vectors and arc Langth es parameter shall usa the following version of the quotiont rut (o “co ge ec SDRC RCT 172) CERT Be EB OT 372C EO & at BEd ty oy AR, RCD = ER ER, DRC) RE DE ae ARCA = ATE STEVE = MTEFATE e puBl teat, 2h YogR sy 4 = TES TTET ATE = TET ote 1, rea) = GORE «at Bh (RUE = 2a a mace wens area aera! RET = yh ETT « yt BETTY» pT gh ent « BL D742) Tate toeriu ds [AE Dery, fat ati J ah ie neo sputter [aretha tap REL) sett teeta MERCY Fatt erty, DERE Ls ETS ORT b «Bee LO eT Darcey / a2) s 978%) — ort geet 2020) 7 Spee a0“ aot arti arn! wo ohhh: rae ete oa food * Gaara Gree! Geinti+Seonty. HDR tH» Werake + Deoatt = 3, cop ti = aint). Mper(ty t= feaaet oe aratt = 1. anodes gang * aaa RCL) = Seon tis Sein ty, ERC) BRL) HOO peRcOT ayaie) ‘ wey = BRENT cos th sity wesjeoe Kt and y reba ty 2 0. RCE) © 608 EEA sia BJs DERG) = Wsia BEL Hh coe Ab). ATOR TESTE «4, 104) « BSB maim Lt 4 008 HE. ORFCAD #oh 608 REA Head tJ. HEC) RESSTERET REST SRRT « sin tit coa th. vette) + ABR AEA) REE oRERE aogRce) WC) = GDMENS «com htt = cin kt) Me 1 13, in ater tego Te were eo kts. sesrvsnwitacaiil Exercinos 14.6 ~ Het po Set y angecer ils Meaatt? corte. 8 RUL) sEmeor tht ineia ts; OC EC Ka DRED = ‘ et rete yang Rit) | tant colt Pht fe Bh ys Cr eon tent 7eL eC to RCT” entre cate © oanFt seat ®t _rBeotMeenett , 2tentisectt |, _2elnt couse einiteos t eee i Jo Tage eoetey 878!” Ceiwtt + cost ty78? Tre cotéty Tre tanter cr : Tecett—, Talaeeast , 2sinteort toerient s [ober ecestiys * Ternte veortt7s © arate + coe merit) caste, __siatt__ DOT Giearrcat | alain 2 UDeRCe = EET EET, Tt, REED TEL H wty, DeRCE) = ZEEE wt er acca aie hanes aogrtay 1 = [RECEERES TPES , [RETR « ta ct wey BERG A SH et hve an Intec 13, REL) = sinStt + eoetts; OS tN. DEREK) = SuinFt cos tt ~Seoet sin tl, Sekt) | = STAT TOT TT CNT AT ART = Sakn bce TOO © REBELS estat me ats. Boer(ty be eoeFCT eTaET © 1. met) = ERTS = cos U1 4 aint) RC) aeL BEEF, DERE = ALL. HERE) Es ABT TOE « ATH TE, neo BAR» ate eb encey = aBtet ge HOLE Hea Noercent = [eee ierre «rte wn = ne we htare cmy73 2418/8 ana ye fecare sm e79 a. DeT(t) Fens ttt 18. perce et rrveeyye! rr ae w= Lecare + aytea ~ arise [2eare «ay 472 (ars + aye/8 = 11/2 Dex = decane + oye7e —ant72(Zcare «ay -47aiany | » CATES BL SH ; Beate s year» pet a te tog « QTL EE, Day = gy aTe OPA» Cope ary: Hance (Daxd EY (Dex? = Gays gya7E | t au 23. 25, a Exercives 14.6 te. Because #20 vhon t O, HE follows trom theoree 14.3:4 that a= [IRC Ae Zi cosky yD aint. Rt) =(2¥ eos HL 4(Ts sin td. RUE) eosin td econ tye oe [jie Cartan « [erate FoR ay © Joaere Thur a= 24 cosa, y= 34 sine and (Osx) + (Dgy)? =( alt costes, HAE dad = 020, Than y= 03/2 amd REL thE E378s, RL) te Heleey, so fjtecotes« [ATR ee Afca ssw et4e edhes oe]! ebee ane (45900372 2784 a be Aeiate + 02/3 = 4), Pars Aric equations with s as paranoter are «heats 6 9273-05 an 2 Acate mars ~aasee we gas 682/34) and y= Seczta + 91273 ~ a ges 2279+ 8)1/3 and Dgy = (275+ BEC 27a + 8) 2/3 — 4yire areca a ae 4 (27a e/a 4) Therefore (Dea) ® + (Day)? + pret a ares +h. RLY © a costed a sindts, CE Sm RE) = ~3a conte vin ti + Se aintt costs, as [lieu dou [i SeFcorta STRESS GataT ete cantaen « | Veatranea aTatateoaaTTTAT ou aa)1/2 sbeffeon etna aus fa stntul! eJeatatt, sine + seconde af)" coe yates oa JM ees Therefore, (qx)# + (Ogy)2 = 38— 22 xrateont, yrotaiot. n't) setcost ~ataint, yi(t) =eteint tetcost. SET STTE ou» f VORETESE T= STE STS SICaTR TT TTT « [VEST a = [jae das faow]! « vac HOO U2 (e900, wR) #608 (OEE = aN4e a Ie = VIET TTR Ge VT ves ae, = pos . . . 10.80 Le STEHT TTS «OTT TATED ott oy, roy RAM «RL ety Nia) o244 2), 1 B46 Es, the conta of the eagle bet a R(2) and 12) is given by RTA aera” aay | 188 | 4 4 exenct 1 Ri cn " AES one att aay eo EY gaye EY tou corer (re detet + ryienycan yer = JE sown Eo ME 304 he tne WE ket; 00388 te SMD 8-WMe ewes ae zeseae dee ae vee bot (yn hee Be Hes Hey Hiepeds be Shan 9 004-2) Katy vee Des Oy 8 Genz cong ethcheD-G-4 0] [ners i aes cove SAO OL Uuaanet, a6 ae Bees ea a HT 1D. MTG, ne BE Nye Bead 21 ATTA otf tape Re UG0,-21. HCO, 4,-3 He narnal U0 the i. ut ae, SG): be normal acter te ot (51,23, an equation of the a MLE 60 co 0 Men 20) seosye Te te bay (0,9, ee). 2 eS mera ate a mente ve (2h 5a cine q Exercinee 14.7 479 ENERCISES 14.7 Curvature REY EEE EC BEE EDS, DERCED = 24-2), EORRCED HN © MEET E © AEE a Bette eaeee eesce ae TOO RRC * Fara — Der «Cpe ipaTe EET nytt) z i Bath Sareea acetic apttth leer ae ee La Ji and ptt) = 42. Theratore, ROD = gp = Vi ane ot 20 B. REED «ROL + Zenty, DERELD = 2eth = 207th, ADEREEY Le MeoRTS LOmRE » 2VePE TORT, omit) eta 10 BHT" ates eee Bert) aco = [abit = [careers aerenrs rere Therefore KO) + zy7g* gvE and 960) = 2/2, 1 ay, tate ka TT ae TT ote TF Te ae i 7 rs rt =F Meese eras aresrmotl, tert se strand et T=Ote et) TIT EMS eT eae LET ATS 571 +i, = ses i = Ae. AES Dera. theretore CO) + AA and (0) = HVE. G 4 1 peak, Be iie- ave a veer, Leary Choo ey 7 (a) ‘ovine ' ae ae (0,00, wee AL (O11) Re egg eli analy 20%, cris aA 420 Exercises 187 ax ey Un xesiny, Becorn Tbe -siny. x i Iain . . TT conten 378 * THIF AL OB end, 12, | f Ae (2,9), IS. ye ainnte, sate see Ti ay ae warps toasye 4 1 HA ane e+} sin Isinyl oye * Tr cost yya7 ai 1 mi 2 Pegging ee yp (beats May? = 4a®) 4-19), ely “aut {1x2 + wiy2y 372 f ae [al atet IE ye ght, ett yey 60, Day ESE EEE yo giana, (14 (ogy) 21972 Doty = Yat /2x-372, Bi eat -sin th, yeaCl~cos 0, x's alt~cost), x asinty y'sesint, yen UE p82 | Laka = conty es ateintey972 Tey yal * Tali = cos ti (acost) =Casinti(asin tl 1 = 98 1) 3/1 a (a2zzetcost + afeoste + afsintty 3/2 tort = 7 Tatcos t= a%eus!t ~oFainft] peg (Le gent) 7 = a8/@lal(1~ coat) ie = Ale sioktt elute ‘sinimum at (0,9), K hi ecause y+ a cosh? aie cout] Hesand : fe beet gaat eee Ve nim] 7%” connal "Veeoen (he (ay/en-teyeqa7e aie pave TDs®yT Oi ARS, 29/81e3\(1- con W372 = HLL con) i= eon 1) absolute nexd 28. 2. 29. Bxercisos 14.7 25, ye Ox-¥®, Dy 6 2 DseyL 2 tye ato 4 Det 82 PTT ENS7E * TUTE STATS CPTI Becouse 14 ¢(3~x*) has an ebsolute ainimun at (3,8), K hat en obsolute nexinun there, BTR) (ZL BEV CLE WD, eae ye tBm thea whe O, yoeaty yh eR lutyt ay 4 1 ATTEN TEESE TOT S7E TT 118 how an absolute mininun when ¢ <0 af (-3,-1), co K hos an absolute mexi nun th 28, Fron the cosutt of Exercise 9 the radius of curvature for y=o% at the point (0,1) is 2/2, The clrete of curvature at (0,1) has tha sone tangent tine as the curve, for thie eueve DeysaX, Therefore at (0,1), the slope of the tangent line ig I. Thus we wish to find on equetion of s circle having cen Fat (hi), radius 2/2 and a ten one E+ (we - 18 = (2/2 28 ond KL; no APs 4) he 42, Because ye Lat the point (0,1). Be have the equa Keith Substituting into the First equation we get he + he the circle of curvature and the curve ore on the fe ebde of the tangent Line, we see froma sketch thet WO. Hance he-2 and k=3, An equation of (he circle of curvature Is (eee (y= Olea; xe ye dx Gxt FeO Alternative colution, without using Exercise 9 ot « sketch. The circle of curvature ie the circle for which the values of y, y', y" at x= 0 equal those of the curve yer, Let an equation of the cirete he CEE yw eet, Because ye elt, we have nee (T= De wee, Axo mde ay Wy! =O) Gem ey = wy? yirertselst, eo wo have “he (1h) #0. ANCYDRECy= Hy" © 0. Because y" ex + e021, we have trie (t-tw =o. Therefore ha, he-2, rf «8 and the equation Is (x4 2/84 (y-a)2= 5, 21, red eon 20, $e bata 26, SEF -16 cos 20 4 * ip gigtaetceg eit aen a eee te NOS, rodeo Zar, eosin tet, Ee -16 1, - feat (24-04 | Lizeazeasl, 92 aa ae . UR Re (Ha eye (12+ 46)372 (28) 872 oa - a s.r aeckys tanks, SFE sa seetho tantkos teenctho. a 0-25, aia, SEs weeceE taneds ye Mande 2, 4iadt = (an) 200) |, L16at «peat —a0et) 999 ts sea Thaay® © (4¥G0) 23872 (i6a® «808/272 “BB als Telal’ secectZ tan eZ = 1204 Bo = 200, Ze B= 1204 bo © 20 492 33. at. 38. a 43, ture fe the cirele (x~xe)®# (y~ye)@ ee? euch that yy y's) y7 have the cieete of cue the eo on the curves Diffarentinting twice with respect to x we got { Anand + Ryn yed yO MRE mH) Hye mI AD i 7 | Ady DEH Gye a" 9 OF tye -ybyt (ye Sol ving for xc~x and yc-y mo gat | ne CUED gag yen ye LEU y y 1 AL (9,00, y= 0) yO) "=, geet at ys bday ye deat r ca pehy aeey MELE) 12088, coopera rrvlgafave 9p te r aera tate ee J. the canter of evrvatore 14 at (0)-1 yeaptlagi¢a, yo = pi/axiza, yt UL MALE a pages a Rebar sxe axt pe ante yeay? bey 2 Ota 78 4 PLO BES yg + pl /tat/2 — apr8/2n8/2 ~ 29t/2g1/2 » apt /2y3/e Therefore, the center of curveture Ly (3x4 2p)~2p72/2x9/2) = (3x + 2p, -Wp"2y5) kpi/ex-372, trie equations of the curve are xeaeget and y= balats AUD secon ths Dainty. Par Folloving the samo steps ax in the solution of Bxorciae 39, but differentiating with a (ae 2) by'(ye = y) 20 exe a) ty yey) CDEC DE nee PEELED yoy yy UE 98) ete PUGS, ye oy, PUES | cost) y= boost, y= sind) xtyt sy'xt = (ea sia y(t beer Uatsin2t + becoett a, eint) (be t)(-a con) 4 a2c0s t(1-sintt) - b2coets cost atadt na sin t)(ataintt + peeon’t) | pesin tit coset) -e2oindt | be - a? ab - > Te yes baint® An equation of @ atralght line Ja y=mx¢hy y'=m, y" 20. AL every polat (4,7), 90 hove Fa o. Mo rreree rveeya7a Bx a 1 Me Sam Ou Oath a0 Bxarcises 10.6 ire EXERCISES 10.8 Graphs of equations in polar coordinetes wn 1. (a) Q+kim The graph Io 2 Line through tne pote with stope tan ns v5. Hone the gree 6h the pote with stove ton L (o)

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