3o

&
57 , 2008
2057

EC8
Evaluation of the Design Spectra of the Greek Seismic Code
and EC8 based on Greek Earthquake Data
1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7

:


8 (EC8).
, .

( )
.
ABSTRACT : The paper presents the development of mean elastic and inelastic
pseudoacceleration spectra, based on a representative sample of Greek earthquakes. The
computed spectra are then used for the calibration of design spectra of the Greek seismic
code (EAK) and Eurocode 8 (EC8). The criteria used for the choice and the procedure for
processing of the seismic records are presented. The records are classified according to the
soil categories prescribed by each code, and the respective mean spectra are computed.
Particular reference is made to the role of intermediate-depth earthquake recordings (so far
very limited in number) in the results, and their significance for the proper calibration of the
code spectra.

, ,
. ,
,
,
1

. , . /, /, email: chathana@civil.auth.gr
, , /, email: ajkap@civil.auth.gr
3
, . & , email: christos@itsak.gr
4
, & , email: lekidis@itsak.gr
5
, & ,, email: ntheo@itsak.gr
6
, . & ,, email: margaris@itsak.gr
7
, & , email: klimis@itsak.gr
2


(.. , .).


,
(2000,
2000) 8 (EC8, CEN 2004).

( , .)
.

.
:


,

. EC8
, ,
. (
) ,
,

.

.
,
, ,
. ,

.

.
,

.
, ,
:

Mw 5.0 R < 100 km

g 0.10g



EC8 .

,
5.0 (4.8<5.0),
(g>0.10g).
75 26 30 ,
25
12 (THEA7802, KORA8101, AMAA8805,
KERT9901, RFNA9901 SPLB9901)
. ( 1)
, 4.4 6.9,
50 400 cm/sec2.
(KYT10602 S10601) (=6.9) (
66 km) .
,
0.4 1.3 sec
.
.
1 :
2000 .
.
2000
( SMA-1)
(Theodulidis et al., 2004). 2000

,
(Skarlatoudis et al., 2004).
, ,
(
, baseline offset .),
Margaris (1994) Skarlatoudis et al. (2003).
( ) ,
.
(baseline)
Hung-Chie (1997). , ,
, , ,
-- ( -- 2,
3,
). 25 Hz,
.


, .
Butterworth
,
(> 2.5 sec).

Athanassiadou et al. (2005).
1. .

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

Lat

Long

Mw

062078 200321 40.8

23.2

022481 205338 38.22 22.93

011783 124129 38.09 20.19

032383 235106 38.33 20.22

032483 041732 38.18 20.32

082683 125210 40.51 23.92

102584 094916 36.83 21.71

091386 172434 37.03 22.2

091586 114130 37.04 22.13

6.5
6.5
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.0
6.2
6.2
5.4
5.4
5.1
5.1
5.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.4
5.4
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.3
5.3
6.6
6.6
5.1

10 101688 123406 37.95 20.9

11 122190 065744 40.98 22.34

12 032693 114516 37.66 21.39
13 032693 115613 37.69 21.43
14 032693 115815 37.49 21.49
15 071493 123149 38.24 21.78

16 050495 003411 40.54 23.63

17 051395 084715 40.16 21.67
18 051595 041357 40.07 21.67

. .
g
.
MP . . (cm/sec2)
.
() (C8)
26
THEA7802 L

C
142.56
26
THEA7802 T
146.94
32
KORA8101 L

C
229.50
32
KORA8101 T
274.41
35
ARG18301 L
B
B
173.31
35
ARG18301 T
142.50
26
ARG18307 L
179.81
26
ARG18307 T
219.20
22
ARG18308 L
240.08
22
ARG18308 T
285.32
47
POL18302 L
A
A
90.76
47
POL18302 T
49.21
9
PEL18401 L
A
A
166.63
9
PEL18401 T
172.75
12
KAL18601 L
B
B
229.26
12
KAL18601 T
263.88
3
KAL18608 L
232.79
3
KAL18608 T
137.11
3
KAL28602 L
B
B
159.46
3
KAL28602 T
254.31
20
ZAK18804 L

C
133.02
20
ZAK18804 T
147.23
28
AMAA8805 L

C
84.11
28
AMAA8805 T
163.62
32
EDE19001 L

C
100.13
32
EDE19001 T
94.35
6
PYR19306 L

C
105.64
6
PYR19306 T
221.48
10
PYR19307 L
97.98
10
PYR19307 T
118.01
14
PYR19308 L
162.86
14
PYR19308 T
425.85
10
PAT19302 L

C
143.74
10
PAT19302 T
192.49
9
PAT29302 L

C
164.20
9
PAT29302 T
388.57
26
POL19506 L
A
A
143.17
26
POL19506 T
101.91
16
KOZ19501 L
A
A
211.73
16
KOZ19501 T
137.38
13
CHR19513 L

B
156.98

42
43 19
44
45 20
46
47 21
48
49
50
51 22
52
53
54 23
55
56 24
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68 25
69
70
71
72 26
74

5.1
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.1
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.8
5.7
5.7
5.7
6.6
6.6
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.9
6.9
6.9

13
11
11
12
12
5
5
7
7
8
8
8
48
48
20
20
15
15
17
17
15
15
36
36
14
14
12
12
24
24
40
40
41

CHR19513
CHR19532
CHR19532
KRR19501
KRR19501
KRR19509
KRR19509
KEN19563
KEN19563
KON29601
KON29601
KON19601
ZAK19703
ZAK19703
ATH29901
ATH29901
ATH39901
ATH39901
ATH49901
ATH49901
KERT9901
KERT9901
RFNA9901
RFNA9901
SPLB9901
SPLB9901
LEF10301
LEF10301
PRE10302
PRE10302
KYT10602
KYT10602
ANS10601

T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L
T
L

75

6.9

41

ANS10601

73

051795 041426 40.07 21.61

051995 064850 40.03 21.62
061195 185195 39.96 21.58

080596 224642 40.06 20.66

111897 130753 37.33 20.84

090799 115651 38.15 23.62

081403 051454 38.76 20.60

010806 113454 36.21 23.41

B
C

N/A

N/A

132.13
116.66
130.35
185.27
261.98
119.35
82.84
125.09
100.04
383.68
381.25
168.38
114.90
129.44
108.06
155.55
258.59
297.19
118.57
107.88
214.35
179.51
87.45
100.20
318.29
306.32
333.4
408.6
153.2
141.5
120.4
104.1
143.4
65.4

/
,
EC8 (CEN, 2004) 2000 ( ,
2000).
8 ( 1) (5) (A, B, C,
D E) (2) (S1 S2),
/ VS,30 (
30 m ),
(NSPT) (Cu).

VS,30, ,
NSPT Cu ( - ).
,

 (
)
( 1:50.000).
(3) : A (, VS,30 >800m/s), B ( /
/ , 360<VS,30800) C (
/ /
, 180<VS,30360) EC8.
D ,
.
2000
,

(
VS).
2000, (4) (, , ), (1)
()
.
: (

,
70 m), (

5 m
70 m 70 m)
( , 5 m,
70 m).
,
1.
, (PRE10302)
.
EC8 1 2.
1 ( )
s > 5.5 ( 42
) 2
s 5.5 ( 31 ).
,
:
:
: 17
EC8 1 : : 6
EC8 2 : : 6

: 36
: 18
: 15

: 20
C : 18
C : 10

 EC8,

.
.

.
INELSP-2k,

...
, .
0.01 sec 2.5 sec,
(=0.025 sec),
= 0.20 sec > 2.0 sec.

(Spa),
, ,
EC8. 1
.
( )
.
(SI)
0.1 2.5 sec (Nau and Hall 1984,
Kappos and Kyriakakis 2000) ,
0.5 sec.
, ,
.

,
( 0 30%). ,

.
2 1
,
EC8. 2
,
1 2. 1 2
, EC8
( 1) .

 (EAK)

=0%

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

12

6
3

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

6
3

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

()

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

B (EAK)

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

12
2

12

(EAK)

15
=0%

Spa (m/sec )

15

Spa (m/sec )

=0%

Spa (m/sec )

12

A (EAK)

15

Spa (m/sec )

15

=0%

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

6
3

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

0.0

2.5

()

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

1. . () . ()
A. () . () .

, 1 2
: ,

, 0.20.3
sec.
0.4 1.3 sec
, , ,
.
,
,
. , ,
. , ,
,
. ,
. ,
,
EC8. , =5%,
( 1 1)
T=0.01sec (pga) 3.4
2.4 ,
EC8 ( 2 2) 3.6 2.2
C.

 (EC8)

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

12

0
0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

0.0

2.5

0.5

1.0

=10%

=20%

=30%

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

B (EC8)
=0%

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

12

=0%

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

C (EC8)

15

Spa (m/sec )

12
Spa (m/sec )

=2%

=5%

T (sec)

()
15

=0%

0.0

A (EC8)

15

Spa (m/sec )

12

=0%

Spa (m/sec )

15

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

0.0

0.5

()

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

2. C8. () . ()
A. () . () C.

EC8 - 1
=0%

=2%

Spa (m/sec )

20

=10%

=20%

=5%

EC8 - 2

25

Spa (m/sec )

12

=30%

15

=0%

=2%

=5%

=10%

=20%

=30%

10

5
0

0
0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

0.0

2.5

()

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

()

3. . () C8 - 1. () C8 - 2.

3
EC8 1 (s > 5.5 - 3) 2 (s 5.5 3). 2
( 0.2 sec)
, 1

( ).

 , EC8
5%
= 5 %.
:

7
2+

0.7

(1)

10
5+

0.55

(2)

EC8 :

,
4
5%,
( ) =5%
( 1 4 2 4
EC8). 10%
. , 1 0.7 ( ,
>12.28% =0.7),
20%
. EC8 2 ( 4)
( 0.55
= 0.55 > 28.06%), =30%
.

=2%

=2% (EAK)

=10%

=10% (EAK)

=20%

=20% (EAK)

=30%

=30% (EAK)

=2%

=2% (EC8)

=10%

=10% (EC8)

=20%

=20% (EC8)

=30%

=30% (EC8)

Spa (m/sec )

12

Spa (m/sec )

12

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

4. 5%:
( ) =5% ( )
: () . () C8.

5
.

(PGA)

10

 ( EC8 4, 5, 6
7) (PGA).
,
(PGA = 1 m/sec2).
,
, (
).
,
1, 4 17
. 5

,
. , 5,

( 5),

0.25sec<T<0.95sec. ,
, (

), ,
, , .
,
, .
EC8 Rey et al. (2002).

( ),


( Rey et
al., 2002). 1 ( 6),
s > 5.5 2
( 7), s 5.5.
, ,
1. , S EC8
, ,
6 7,
.
1 ( 6),

. 0.4 sec
, T=0.65
sec,
(

, 1.5 2 sec).

11

 C
T>0.50sec, B
,
18
.
,
.
( 6)
C8 ,
.

.

:
:
:
:
:
:

PGA = 1.0 m/sec

3.0

= 5%

2.5
2

Spa (m/sec )

2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()

PGA = 1.0 m/sec2

3.0

= 5%

Spa (m/sec )

2.5

:
:

2.0

1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()
5. (=5%)
, : () ()
.

12

PGA=1.0m/sec

3.0

:
: EC8 - 1
:
: EC8 - 1
C:
C: EC8 - 1

2.5
2

Spa (m/sec )

2.0
1.5
= 5%

1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

()

PGA = 1.0 m/sec2

:
:

3.0

: EC8 - 1

2.5

2.0

B:

1.5

: EC8 - 1

Spa (m/sec )

3.5

1.0
= 5%

0.5
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0

T (sec)

1.5

2.0

2.5

()
6. 1 EC8
, C: () ()
.

2, 7

C 0.8 sec,
T
.
( 40%)
( T 0.2 sec),

T > 0.4 sec.

13

PGA = 1.0 m/sec

3.5

3.0

2.5

: EC8 - 2

Spa (m/sec )

: EC8 - 2

C:

2.0

C: EC8 - 2

1.5
1.0
0.5
= 5%

0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

7. (=5%) 2
EC8 , C.

EC8.

. , ,
(
Cy=100%).
(=3.5) ( 8) C
EC8 ( 9).
: ,

INELSP-2k ( 8 9) .


(Kappos, 1999).
5% ( /)
=5%.

q (Karakostas
et al., 2007):

q =

C y ,el
C y ,in

=
A+

+ C (ln T )

1 < 5, 0.025 T 2.5 sec

2

14

(3)

, C, A=-0.0297
B=0.9144 and C=0.0499. , (
8 9) ,
, ,
, , , .
, 8 :
, ()
q=3.5 ( ). , ,
,
( 2000 )
(3) ( ). 8 ,

>0.35sec
. , 0.35sec ,
q=3.5
. ,
q

( ,
, ), ,
( ), . ,
(
q,
)
.

EAK (PGA = g)

100

(=3.5)
[q(=3.5)]
EAK (q=3.5)

Cy (%)

80

EAK [q(=3.5)]
60

Cy,in[q(=3.5)] = Cy,el /q(=3.5)

40
20
0
0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

8. E ( )/

9
8 C

15

 1 ( 9) 2 ( 9). ,
EC8
EC8 (3). ,
EC8 (
), ()
( T<TB)
T=0 (2/3)ag
,
9
a=ag T=0 (
9). , EC8, ,
, EC8
(3) ( 9).

EC8- 1 (PGA = g)
100

(=3.5)
[q(=3.5)]
EC8 - 1 (=3.5)
EC8 - 1 (=3.5 - .))
EC8 - 1 [q(=3.5)]

Cy (%)

80
60
40
20
Cy,in[q(=3.5)] = Cy,el/q(=3.5)

0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

()

EC8- 2 (PGA = g)

140

(=3.5)
[q(=3.5)]
EC8 - 2 (=3.5)
EC8 - 2 (=3.5 - .)
EC8 - 2 [q(=3.5)]

120
Cy (%)

100
80
60

Cy,in [q(=3.5)] = Cy,el / q(=3.5)

40
20
0
0.0

0.5

1.0 T (sec) 1.5

2.0

2.5

()
9. EC8 ( C):
1. () 2.

16

()

 9 , C,
EC8 >0.35 sec
1 >0.25 sec 2, ,
, , 1. ,
, EC8
.

0<T<. , q
(Kappos, 1999). ,
EC8 (
q
) 1
2 .

:
1.

. , (
) ,
,
, .

2.

,
0.20.3 sec.

3.

( EC8). ,
,
. ,
. ,

.

4.

5% .

10%,
, .

17

5.

, ,
(
).

6.

1 8 (
)
C,
EC8,
. ,
(
8 1)
.

7.

2 8

C 0.8
sec, T
.
( 40%)
( T
0.2 sec), T>0.4sec .

8.

(0.4sec<T<1.3sec) .


.

9.

,


.


q.

Athanassiadou, C., Kappos, A., Karakostas, C., Klimis, N., Lekidis, V., Margaris, V. and
Theodulidis, N. (2005), Elastic and inelastic spectra for Greek earthquakes, based on a
representative set of records. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Earthquake Resistant Structures (ERES2005), Skiathos, Greece, 733-743.

18

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earthquake resistance Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings
(EN 1998-1) , Brussels, May 2004.
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Seismological Society of America, 87, 932-944.
Kappos, A.J. (1999), Evaluation of behaviour factors on the basis of ductility and
overstrength studies, Engineering Structures, 21, issue 9, 823-835.
Kappos A.J., and Kyriakakis, P. (2000), A reevaluation of scaling techniques for natural
records, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 20(1-4): 111-123.
Karakostas, C.Z., Athanassiadou, C.J., Kappos A.J. and Lekidis, V.A. (2007), Sitedependant design spectra and strength modification factors based on records in
Greece. Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 27, 1012-1027.
Nau, J.M., Hall, W.F. (1984), Scaling methods for earthquake response spectra, Journal of
Structural Engineering, ASCE; 110 (7): 1533-1548.
Margaris, B.N. (1994) New fast digitization and correction procedures of the Greek strong
motion records, Proceedings of XXIV Gen. Ass. Eur. Seism. Com., Athens, Greece, II,
779-786
.... .... (2000), 2000 ( 2000).
.... .... (2000), 2000 ( 2000).
Rey, J., Faccioli, E. and Bommer, J.J. (2002) Derivation of design soil coefficients (S) and
response spectral shapes for Eurocode 8 using the European Strong-Motion Database.
Journal of Seismology, 6, issue 4, 547555.
Skarlatoudis, A., Margaris, . and Papazachos, C. (2004). Recent advances in Greece on
strong-motion networking and data processing, Proc. of COSMOS Workshop in
Berkeley California, May 25-27, 2004, Cosmos Internet Site.
Skarlatoudis, A.A., Papazachos, C.B., and Margaris, B.N. (2003), Determination of noise
spectra from strong motion data recorded in Greece. J. Seismology, 7, 533-540.
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19