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40
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R
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)+)

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R
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R

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4
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R

x2

2R

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4
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E~ (~r) = Z Z
3
4
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= E~ (~r) =

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3

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+ v2 + z 2) 2
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40
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0
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r dr d (z z)
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pero

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3

(r 2 + z 2 ) 2
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2

1 2z

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+
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20

u = r 2 + z 2 du = 2rdr

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x
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= F~ =
~
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d+a
d

=
=
=

x
dx
x

20 xdx R2 + x2
Z d+a

x
20 d
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d+a
p

2 + x2
x

R
20
p
d
p

2
2

R
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~
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0
0
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2

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2

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r 3 3. 3
r
) dq xi 3. . 9 dj r = x2 + d2

3 .3 ) dq 3 3)) dq = 1 dx 1 3 3
Q
) 3 1 = 2L 3 ; )3
k 1
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+ d2
3 ; 3.)B )9 j ; 3 .3 x 3 ) 3
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d
p

(x2 + d2 )

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3
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$%
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%) $ x = L $% x = L
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1
L
y
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% 4

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dy = 1 ln( pL + y

L2

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1)

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k Q2
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)
L

( " " * + ( 11 ( b
+ ( ( ( 1 ( + (
(
+1 + * +1 d
.
( ( 1= (+ ( >+ +
( ( ( ( * + ( + 1+ +1 + (
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1 ( +1> ( y + + *( 1 (
A( 11 + +1 ( ( ( ( (
r~2 = ~0 r~1 = xx + yy x + d y b + d +=
1
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+( 1 1 +
con
dq1 = dxdy
dq1 ,
dF~21 = dq2 Z Z r~
1
3
|r~
4
0
1|

+ Z b+d

dxdy xx
dq2

=
dq2
=

=
=

40
dq2 y
40

dF~21
=
dx 2

+ Z b+d

dxdy y y
3

40 (x2 + y 2 ) 2
d
Z + Z b+d
dxdy 3 y
dq2 y
(x2 + y 2 ) 2
40 d
dq2 y
!

x2 + y 2

dx

1
p

2
x + (b +
d)2

y
40

y
20

y
20

20

1
2
x + d2

dx,

pero

dq2 = dx2

!
1

dx
x2 2+ (b +
x2 + d2
d)
! +
p
x + x2 + (b + d)2

ln
x + x2 + d2
0

b+d 2
q
1 + 1 + ( x )
ln b + d
l ln
2d
d
m
1+ q 1+ ( )
x+
p

y
=

b+d

40 (x2 + y 2 ) 2

ln

d
b+ d
dF~21

dx2

d
=

20

ln

b+ d

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)% %0 @0) > ) >C )

dq 0 r~ = xi ) %) 0 ~r = dj %)7
kdq (~r r~ )
dE~ =
= 3
kdq (xi + dj )
|~r r~ |3
(x2 + d2 ) 2
) % 0 > dq = dx ) 00
k dx(xi
3
dE~ =
+ dj ) (x2 +
d2 ) 2
0) % +

Z
~
E =

Z
k dx
3 +
(xx2i+
d2 )d2j )
(
=
k((

3 ) i +

(x2 + d2 ) 2 Z
(

(x2

3 )j)
+ d2 ) 2

) f (x) =

+ . . 22 2. +2 ) 2.

(x2 +d2 ) 2

. 2 . 8. 2. ) g(x) =

+ . 2. +2 )

(x2 +d2 ) 2

+ + +.: 2. + +

g(x)dx = 2

g(x)dx

8. 22 .+) . + Z
.
+

E~ = 2kd

2 A

x
d2 (x2 +d2 ) 2

(x2

1
3

+ d2 ) 2

8. 22

(x2 +d2 ) 2

x
E~ = 2kd(
3
d2 (x2 + d2 ) 2

2k
)j =
jd

. A ++ + D2. . . . 2 +
. . +. . +.. 8. . +2 . +..+ AH+
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D2. . . . 2 +2 + +2
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ds ds + AH 2. . .. + +.. )
: ds = Rd +2 . . +. . dq +.:
2
2k
dF = dqE = Rd
= 2k d
R + R sin()
1 + sin()
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1
1 + sin()
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sin( )

cos()

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.
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(1)
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q
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0
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(2)

+( $ ($ $ e $++ $ (( e +

e = Z E~ dS~
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5($ $ $ $ q + E = 410 R2 r r + ($
($
$2 $ ($
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E~ dS~ =

r ndS =

40 R2

dS

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%* $ % * $$*
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1 q
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2
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q 40 R2
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R
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I E~

ndS =
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0

Qint $ ( (( ( $( $0 ( 0(

$$ $ ($( ( ( $ 0( (
$
0( 0 ($= >0
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$ $ $( $$ ( ( ?0( 0$ $
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z $@ (( $$ > E~ (~r) = E(r)r r $ $ 0
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Qint
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=0
0

I$

Z
I E~ ndS

= Zmanto E(r)r ndS

+
= E(r) Zmanto

tapas

E(r)r ndS

dS

= E(r)(2r)h
= E(r)(2r)h = 0 = E(r) = 0 = E~ = ~0
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R r
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I
(2 R)h
R
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0
0 r
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R
R
0 r

r<

R r

0 > $0 $0 = ?0( > $ ( $(

$ +

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$+ $+ + $+ *+ $
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* $+ < *$+. + @+ ** $*
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ndS =
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I
1 d3 x
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1 Z 2 Z

Z r 3 sen()drdd

0 0
0
0
r
4
2
3
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r 4
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0
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r
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R r *+* $ *+ $+. ?*+ *0+

+ + * $+ < *$+. + @+ ** $*
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ndS =
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0

4 R 3
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0
2

R
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R
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r<R

r r
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% ;
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ndS =
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3
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30
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3R
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r
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>) // /% ; ./)
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r r
r<R
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(~r d~)
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E~ (r) =

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R3
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r<R
R r

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'
( D) ' D( ) '( )( )
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r r
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0

3
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r'+ E0 x

30 r 2

r
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r 30
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E0 x
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r<RR
r

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#% /0%
% %#0
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x R03
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(E0

R 3
)
30 x2

x x R

0%# # # ## 8%
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30 E
x
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3 E
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<

#0 = % E0 % 8 0 8% 0%
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= Z E~ (x) xdx + c
= Z

x + E0 dx + c
30

x2
= E0 x
+
60
c

U (x)
d U2
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dx2

= QV (x)
x2
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Qc
60
Q
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>0
30

<% 00 # 0 8% #0
R x
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R3
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imaginario

% 8 #= 8% % R x


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R3
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R

30 x2

= 0 = x3 =

R
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,' + x1 */ * ' +
r
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R
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30 E0
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+ * * 7 + /'* /''/ ' + ' +

' */ / +' * */ * /' ''
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(1)
Z E~ ndS = tapas E~ ndS +manto E~ ndS =
qinterior
Z
Z
0
S
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22
Z
(2)
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tapas

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Z
dS
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2)

Rmanto

dS ))% :) 2
Z

R manto

E~ ndS = E 2rL
manto

)%2 1
qinterior

dS = 2rL A) 22
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(4)


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(5)

A, , dV -,- *, - ,- , - $
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dV -,> -* *, - - ,- $ ,-*
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(6)

dq = 2r dr L p(r )
r
dq = 2r dr L 0 (1 )

R
2
r

= dq = 2L 0 (r )dr
R

*,
r

q = 2L0 Z

(r

R
r

)dr = 2L0 (
2

r dr
0

dr )
R

3Rr 2 2r3
) = 2L0 (
)
2
3R
6R
(7)
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)
(3Rr2 3
2r
3R

= q = 2L0 (

E 2rL =

L0 (3Rr2 2r 3 )
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- E
E=

(3Rr 2r2 )

0
6R0

(8)

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%( (% % , % r 12% ( 6% (2 %( E
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dE
0
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r= 4
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%

30 R
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0


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'' 1'' 1'8 ' ; -' ' 1-1 '1 1 ''
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0
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Z E~ ndS = E Z dS
S

1- ' 11 1 -'8 ; -- 1' 1'8

-',1 1 '1 -'1
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qint
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0
S1
S2
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C1 ' ' -'' qint ; 11 11 1
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1- ' -1
2EA =

E =

x
0

2xA
0

1-'K 1 ; 1- ': i ' -- 1 - ;

E~ =

a 0i, si 0 < x <


x > a
% % 0 % %1 3%% 0 53%6 %53 5
5
73% 3 5 53% 5 3 %

0 5 3%% 53%< 5 5 %5 3%5 5%< = 2EA

% 3%% 5%< % 0 53 5 a < x < a % 33 qint = 2aA

55
2aA
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0
a
E =
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53 %1 i % 33
a
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a 0
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(*+ + + /+ /(+E
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R
S

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R
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qint
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=0
0
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r > R
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2
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S

Z
S

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qint
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0
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+
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)i, si x > a + 2R

% /%) )$%% ) $ $%)$ ) $)?

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R 2
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x
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a
0

0<x<a
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$
9
I E~

ndS =
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0

3
4 R
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30
=

R
E~ (~r) =

r
30 r2
3

<( .. .$ 9 -.((
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r r
r<R
303
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E (r) =
R
R r
30 r 2
r
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~r para |~r| < R
30
|

E~2 (r) = (~r d~) para |~r d~ < R

30

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$ .($ .($= $ $($ $.$ $.8.

|
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~r
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30
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.
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s
q = 2

mg sin()
k(sec tan())


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02% % Z % z > 0
02% 2 O

/
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kdq
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r

r , ,2 , dq ,2 zk
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p
R2 + z 2 2zR
cos()

dV =

2%, ,2 %, , 2, 2% 2 % %%
%%
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Z
V =
0

2
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,2 2% , %%
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R2

sin( )
+ 2zR cos()
z2

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sin
p

d
A + B cos()

& $ u2 = A + B cos() &* $ d =B 2udu

sin() &
Z
Z
sin
2
2
p
d =
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sin
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d =
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sin
1 p 2
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R + z 2 2Rz cos()
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2kR
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R
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1
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1
1
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z
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(1 2 R
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1 q1 + q2
= (1 )f = 4r1 r1 +
r2
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(2 )f =

1 q1 + q2
4r2 r1 + r2


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Z E~

ndS =
Q1
0

D' S E~ ndS = E4r2 $/ ' /'F $ $/ F

/
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Q1
E~ =
r
40 r2
' ' / /'
$ $'$ $
Z
a
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4 r 2
4 b a

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a
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Q2
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0

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Q1 +
E~ =
Q2
40 r2
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Zb
Q1 + Q2
Q 1 + Q2
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V2 =
2
40 r
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ab
Q2 = 40 b(V1 + (V2 V1 )
a
)
b
70 0 '0 '' &00& : & 0& : &0
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dW = dqV (c)
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W = QV (c)
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Q
V (c) = 420 c
&
W =

Q(Q1 +
Q2 )
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1
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r
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&/ ' & ' /'' &' &'C

60 K
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r3
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2

4r dr

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q
40 a2

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int =
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Z
Q + q
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Q + q

r2

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4 r

% % % -%% r < a - ,

"
Z
V =

Z E~ d~r =

~ ext d~r + Z r
E
~ int d~r,
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V (r) =

~
Z E ext d~r +

Z E~ d~r

si

E~ int d~r

Q + q q
(r5 a5 )
20a6
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0
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V (r) = 40 a

20a6 0

(r 5 a5 ),

si

r<a

r>a


!
+,- - - 1,-3 - (r) , 5 ,
5 1, 1,-3 - 1,
V (r) = q e
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r
4r2

.
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5
E~ =
V
A1 ,-- B, +,-
V
q
E~ =
r =
+ r)r
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er (1

1, -1, 1 -, ,-- 1 , 1 - 1, 1 ,
- - 11
~ E~ =

1 5 1 - - ,, E~ = Er 1, -
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1 2
(r E(r))
r
1 q
=
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40 r2
1 q 2 r
=
e
40 r
=

r2

A- ,,
2 r

1 q
(r) =

4 r
e

"