VALVE

Preliminary knowledge

Content
I.
II.
III.

Introduction to valve
Basic parts of a valve
Valve classification

I - Introduction to valve

Definition
Application
Function

Definition

Application

Transportation
Residential
Industrial:

Oil and gas

Power generation
Mining
Water supply
Sewerage
Chemical
manufacturing

Function

Stopping and starting fluid flow

Varying the amount of fluid flow
(throttling)
Controlling the direction of fluid flow
Regulating downstream system or
process pressure
Relieving component or piping over
pressure

II - Basic parts of a valve

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Body
Bonnet
Stem
Actuator
Packing
Seat
Disk

1, 2. Body and Bonnet

Material:

Brass
Bronze
Cast iron
Steel
Stainless steel
Alloy steels
Plastic (PVC, PP,
PVDF, Glassreinforced nylon)

3. Stem
RISING STEM

NONRISING STEM

4. Actuator

Handwheel
Manual lever
Motor operator
Solenoid operator
Pneumatic operator
Hydraulic operator

5. Packing

6. Seat

Seat meterial:

Metal or plastic
PTFE or other Elastomer

Hard seat

Soft seat

7. Disc

III - Valve Classification

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Globe valve
Gate valve
Ball valve
Plug valve
Butterfly valve
Diaphragm valve
Check valve
Pinch valve
Safety valve

Gate valve

Globe valve

Other body designs of

Globe valve

Y-body

Angle body

Ball valve

Plug valve

Diaphragm valve

Pinch valve

Butterfly valve

Needle valve

Check valve
Swing check valve

Tilting-disc check valve

Check valve

Lift check valve

Piston check valve

Check valve

Butterfly check valve

Stop check valve

Relief and safety valves

Relief valve

Safety valve

Summary

Gate valves:

Globe valves:

Good throttling characteristics

Low seat leakage
Relatively high head loss in an open valve

Ball valves:

Low flow resistance

Fully open valve
No good in throttling

Quick, quarter turn on-off operation

Have poor throttling characteristics

Plug valves:

Direct flow between several different ports through use of a

single valve

Summary

Diaphragm valves and pinch valves:

Butterfly valves:

Significant advantages in weight, space, and cost

for large valve applications

Check valves:

The entire operating mechanism to be completely

isolated from the fluid

Automatically open to allow flow in one direction

and seat to prevent flow in the reverse direction

Safety/relief valves

Provide automatic overpressurization protection

See you soon