Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ws7 Manual
Ws7 Manual
EN-000168-00
You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at:
http://www.vmware.com/support/
The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates.
If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to:
docfeedback@vmware.com
Copyright 19982009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and
international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more
patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.
VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other
jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective
companies.
VMware, Inc.
3401 Hillview Ave.
Palo Alto, CA 94304
www.vmware.com
2
VMware, Inc.
Contents
AboutThisBook
19
1 IntroductionandSystemRequirements 21
ProductBenefits 21
OverviewofThisManual 22
HostSystemRequirements 23
PCHardware 23
Memory 23
Display 24
DiskDrives 24
LocalAreaNetworking 25
HostOperatingSystem 25
VirtualMachineSpecifications 29
Processor 29
ChipSet 29
BIOS 30
Memory 30
Graphics 30
IDEDrives 30
SCSIDevices 30
FloppyDrives 31
Serial(COM)Ports 31
Parallel(LPT)Ports 31
USBPorts 31
Keyboard 31
MouseandDrawingTablets 31
EthernetCard 32
Sound 32
VirtualNetworking 32
SupportedGuestOperatingSystems 32
Supportfor64BitGuestOperatingSystems 37
VMware, Inc.
2 InstallingandUpgradingVMwareWorkstation 39
InstallationPrerequisites 39
SharingaWorkstationHostwithOtherVMwareProducts 40
InstallWorkstationonaWindowsHost 41
InstallWorkstationSilently 42
UninstallWorkstationfromaWindowsHost 44
InstallWorkstationonaLinuxHost 44
UsingCommandLineInstallationOptions 46
UninstallWorkstationfromaLinuxHost 47
PreparingforanUpgrade 47
UpgradeWorkstationonaWindowsHost 48
UpgradingtoaWindowsVistaandWindows7Host 49
UpgradeWorkstationonaLinuxHost 51
3 LearningWorkstationBasics 53
StartWorkstationonaWindowsHost 53
StartWorkstationonaLinuxHost 54
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindow 54
HomePageandViews 56
ToolbarButtons 59
ViewtheSidebar 62
FavoritesListintheSidebar 63
CheckforProductUpdates 65
QuicklyCreateaVirtualMachineandInstallanOperatingSystem 66
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferences 67
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettings 69
HardwareTab 69
OptionsTab 70
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstation 71
SetaVirtualMachinetoRunintheBackground 72
KeyboardShortcuts 72
ChangetheHotKeyCombination 74
GatheringInformationforVMwareTechnicalSupport 75
RegisterandCreateaSupportRequest 75
GatherDebuggingInformationforaVirtualMachine 75
RunningtheSupportScript 76
VMware, Inc.
Contents
4 CreatingandUpgradingaVirtualMachine 79
MethodsofCreatingVirtualMachines 79
ConfigurationOptionsfortheNewVirtualMachineWizard 80
EasyInstallFeatureforSomeGuestOperatingSystems 80
TypicalComparedtoCustomConfigurations 82
GuestOperatingSystemSelection 83
VirtualMachineLocation 83
VirtualHardwareCompatibilityLevels 84
NumberofProcessors 84
MemoryAllocation 85
NetworkConnectionType 85
I/OAdapterTypes 86
DiskTypes 86
NormalandIndependentDiskModes 87
VirtualDisksandPhysicalDisks 87
DiskCapacity 88
PocketACEDiskSizeCalculatoronWindowsOnly 88
UsetheNewVirtualMachineWizard 89
InstallingaGuestOperatingSystem 89
InstallationRequirementsfortheESXGuestOperatingSystem 90
RespondtoEasyInstallPrompts 90
InstallaGuestOperatingSystemManually 91
UseaParavirtualizedKernelinLinuxGuests 93
UpgradeaGuestOperatingSystem 94
ChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachine 94
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgrading 96
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachine 97
5 InstallingandUsingVMwareTools 101
ComponentsofVMwareTools 101
VMwareToolsService 102
VMwareDeviceDrivers 102
VMwareUserProcess 103
VMwareToolsControlPanel 104
InstallingVMwareTools 104
InstallVMwareToolsinaWindowsGuest 104
ConfiguretheVideoDriveronOlderVersionsofWindows 105
AutomatetheInstallationofVMwareToolsinaWindowsGuest 106
VMware, Inc.
InstallVMwareToolsinaLinuxGuest 109
InstallVMwareToolsinaSolarisGuest 111
InstallVMwareToolsinaFreeBSDGuest 112
InstallVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest 113
StarttheVMwareUserProcessManuallyIfYouDoNotUseaSession
Manager 114
VMwareToolsUpdateProcess 115
HowAutomaticUpdatesOccur 115
HowYouAreNotifiedtoDoaManualUpdate 116
UseGlobalSettingstoUpdateVMwareToolsAutomatically 116
SetVMwareToolsUpdateOptionsforEachVirtualMachine 117
UpdateVMwareToolsinOlderWindowsVirtualMachines 117
UninstallVMwareTools 118
RepairorChangeInstalledModulesinaWindowsGuest 118
OpentheVMwareToolsControlPanel 119
UsetheWindowsControlPaneltoDisplaytheTaskbarIcon 120
OptionsTabSettings 120
DevicesTabSettings 122
ScriptsTabSettings 122
ShrinkTabSettings 123
AboutTab 123
ConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest 123
CustomizationstoVMwareTools 125
HowVMwareToolsScriptsAffectPowerStates 125
ExecuteCommandsAfterYouPowerOfforResetaVirtualMachine 128
PassingaStringfromtheHosttotheGuestatStartup 129
PassingInformationBetweentheGuestandAnotherProgram 131
UsetheVMwareToolsServiceCommandLineInterface 132
6 CreatingaVirtualMachinefromaSystemImageorAnotherVirtual
Machine
133
ConversionProcessforImportingfromOtherFormats 133
VMwareConverterComparedtotheConversionWizard 135
SupportedSourceMachines 135
ImportingfromVariousSources 136
SupportedDestinations 140
DesignatingaDestinationforaVirtualMachine 140
ConversionImpactonSettings 142
MigrationIssuesCausedbyHardwareChanges 143
6
VMware, Inc.
Contents
OpenaThirdPartyVirtualMachineorSystemImage 143
ImportaVirtualMachine,VirtualAppliance,orSystemImage
ImportaWindowsXPModeVirtualMachine 145
144
7 GettingStartedwithVirtualMachines 147
StartingaVirtualMachine 148
StartaVirtualMachinefromtheWorkstationUserInterface 148
StartaVirtualMachineThatIsRunningintheBackground 149
StartaVirtualMachinebyUsingVMStreaming 149
VirtualMachineLocation 150
ShutDownaVirtualMachine 151
ConfigurePowerOffandResetOptionsforaVirtualMachine 152
DownloadComponents 153
PausingaVirtualMachine 154
PauseFeatureLimitations 154
PauseandUnpauseaVirtualMachine 155
EncryptingaVirtualMachine 155
RestrictionsonEncryption 156
EncryptaVirtualMachine 156
RemoveEncryptionfromaVirtualMachine 157
ChangethePasswordforanEncryptedVirtualMachine 157
DeleteaVirtualMachine 158
ControllingtheVirtualMachineDisplay 158
UsingUnityMode 158
UseFullScreenMode 162
UseQuickSwitchMode 165
UseExclusiveMode 165
UseMultipleMonitorsforOneVirtualMachine 166
UseMultipleMonitorsforMultipleVirtualMachines 169
FittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplay 169
WorkingwithNonstandardResolutions 171
ConfiguringVideoandSound 172
SettingScreenColorDepth 172
SupportforDirect3DGraphics 173
ConfiguringSound 175
InstallNewSoftwareinaVirtualMachine 179
DisableAccelerationIfaProgramDoesNotRun 179
ReportBatteryInformationintheGuest 180
VMware, Inc.
UseHostPrintersinaVirtualMachine 180
UseRemovableDevicesinaVirtualMachine 181
ConfiguretheApplianceViewforaVirtualMachine 182
CreateaScreenshotofaVirtualMachine 183
CreateandPlayBackaMovieofaVirtualMachine 184
AdvancedOptionsforApplicationDevelopers 185
8 TransferringFilesandTextBetweentheHostandGuest 187
UsingtheDragandDropFeature 187
EnableorDisabletheDragandDropFeature 188
UsingtheCopyandPasteFeature 189
EnableorDisabletheCopyandPasteFeature 190
UsingSharedFolders 190
SetUpSharedFolders 191
EnablingandDisablingSharedFolders 193
ViewingaSharedFolder 195
PermissionsandFolderMountingforSharedFoldersonLinuxGuests 196
UsingaMappedDrive 198
MaporMountaVirtualDisktoaDriveontheHost 199
DisconnecttheHostfromtheVirtualDisk 200
9 PreservingtheStateofaVirtualMachine 201
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeatures 201
UseHardSuspendorSoftSuspend 201
SuspendorResumeaVirtualMachine 202
UsingSnapshots 203
ScenariosforUsingMultipleSnapshots 203
InformationCapturedbySnapshots 205
SnapshotConflicts 206
EnableorDisableBackgroundSnapshots 206
ExcludeaVirtualDiskfromSnapshots 207
SnapshotManagerOverview 208
TakeaSnapshot 209
RenameaSnapshotorRecording 210
RestoreanEarlierStatefromaSnapshot 211
DeleteaSnapshotoraRecording 212
TakeorReverttoaSnapshotatPowerOff 213
UsingAutoProtectSnapshots 214
SnapshotsandWorkstation4VirtualMachines 215
8
VMware, Inc.
Contents
10 Cloning,Moving,andSharingVirtualMachines 217
TheVirtualMachinesUniversalUniqueIdentifier 217
UUIDOptionsWhenYouMoveaVirtualMachine 218
SpecifyaUUIDforaVirtualMachine 218
CloningaVirtualMachine 219
TypesofClones 220
CreatingClones 221
MovingaVirtualMachine 223
HostswithDifferentHardware 223
MoveaVirtualMachinetoaNewLocationoraNewHost 225
MovinganOlderVirtualMachine 226
MovingLinkedClones 227
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsers 227
UsingVNCforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachine 228
ConfigureaVirtualMachineasaVNCServer 228
UseaVNCClienttoConnecttoaVirtualMachine 229
MakeVirtualMachinesAvailableforStreamingfromaWebServer 230
SharingVirtualMachineswithVMwarePlayer 231
StartandExitVMwarePlayer 232
SettingUpVirtualMachinesforUsewithVMwarePlayer 233
11 UsingDisksandDiskDrives 235
VirtualMachineDiskStorage 235
BenefitsofUsingVirtualDisks 236
PhysicalDisks 238
VirtualDiskMaintenanceTasks 238
DefragmentVirtualDisks 239
CompactaVirtualDisk 240
ExpandaVirtualDisk 240
AddingVirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachine 241
AddaNewVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachine 242
AddanExistingVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachine 243
RemoveaVirtualDiskfromaVirtualMachine 243
UsingPhysicalDisksinaVirtualMachine 244
AddingDVD/CDROMandFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachine 250
AddDVDorCDDrivestoaVirtualMachine 250
AddaFloppyDrivetoaVirtualMachine 252
ConnectaCDROM,DVD,orFloppyDrivetoanImageFile 253
VMware, Inc.
UsingVMwareVirtualDiskManager 254
UsingDualBootComputerswithVirtualMachines 254
LegacyVirtualDisks 254
12 RecordingandReplayingVirtualMachineActivity 257
UsesoftheRecord/ReplayFeature 257
PhysicalandVirtualHardwareRequirements 258
ConfigureRecord/ReplayforaVirtualMachine 259
RecordControlDialogBoxFeatures 261
ReplayControlDialogBoxFeatures 262
CreateaRecording 264
ReplayaRecording 265
BrowseaRecording 266
UsinganExecutionTraceFileofaRecording 266
EnableExecutionTracingforaRecording 267
CreateanExecutionTraceFileofaRecording 268
MaintenanceTasksforUsingRecordings 268
DeleteaRecording 268
DisablePeriodicScreenshots 269
13 ConfiguringTeams 271
BenefitsofUsingTeams 271
ManagingTeams 272
CreateaTeam 272
OpenaTeamandAddIttotheFavoritesList 273
RenameaTeam 274
PowerOfforCloseaTeam 274
DeleteaTeam 275
SummaryandConsoleViewsforTeamsandTheirVirtualMachines 276
ManagingtheMembersofaTeam 276
AddaVirtualMachinetoaTeam 276
RemoveaVirtualMachinefromaTeam 277
SpecifytheStartupSequenceforaTeam 278
PowerOperationsforTeamsandTheirMembers 279
PowerOnaTeam 279
SuspendorResumeaTeam 279
PerformPowerOperationsonOneTeamMember 280
10
VMware, Inc.
Contents
WorkingwithTeamNetworks 280
LANSegmentRequirementsRegardingIPAddresses 280
CreateaTeamLANSegment 281
ConfigureLANSegments 281
AddorRemoveNetworkAdapters 282
DeleteaLANSegment 283
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamVirtualMachines 283
14 ConfiguringaVirtualNetwork 285
ComponentsoftheVirtualNetwork 285
VirtualSwitch 285
DHCPServer 286
NetworkAdapter 286
CommonNetworkingConfigurations 286
BridgedNetworking 287
NetworkAddressTranslation(NAT) 289
HostOnlyNetworking 290
ExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfiguration 291
SetUpaCustomNetworkingConfiguration 292
ChangingaNetworkingConfiguration 295
FindtheNetworkTypeofaVirtualMachine 295
AddVirtualNetworkAdapters 295
ModifyExistingVirtualNetworkAdapters 296
ConfiguringBridgedNetworking 297
ConfigureVMnet0AutomaticBridgedNetworkingonaWindowsHost 297
Configurevmnet0AutomaticBridgedNetworkingonaLinuxHost 298
SettingUpaSecondAutomaticBridgedNetworkInterface 299
ChangingtheSubnetorDHCPSettingsforaVirtualNetwork 299
ChangeSubnetorDHCPSettingsonaWindowsHost 300
ChangeSubnetorDHCPSettingsonaLinuxHost 300
ConfiguringHostVirtualNetworkAdapters 301
ConnectorDisconnectaHostVirtualNetworkAdapter 301
SettingUpTwoSeparateHostOnlyNetworks 302
VMware, Inc.
11
15 AdvancedVirtualNetworking 303
SelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfiguration 304
HowtheSubnetNumberIsAssigned 304
DeterminingWhethertoUseDHCPorStaticallyAssignAddresses 305
DHCPConventionsforAssigningIPAddresses 305
ConfiguretheDHCPServeronaWindowsHost 306
ConfiguretheDHCPServeronaLinuxHost 306
AvoidingIPPacketLeakageinaHostOnlyNetwork 306
DisablePacketForwardingonWindowsHosts 307
DisablePacketForwardingonLinuxHosts 308
MaintainingandChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachine 308
AvoidingMACAddressChanges 308
AssigntheSameMACAddresstoAnyVirtualMachineManually 309
ControllingRoutingInformationforaHostOnlyNetworkonLinux 310
PotentialIssueswithHostOnlyNetworkingonLinux 311
DHCPDontheLinuxHostDoesNotWorkAfterInstallingWorkstation 311
DHCPandDDNS 311
ConfiguringHostOnlyVirtualMachines 312
SetUpUsingConfiguration1or2 312
SetUpUsingConfiguration3 313
CompleteConfiguringtheVirtualNetworkAdapters 313
SetUpRoutingBetweenTwoHostOnlyNetworks 314
UsingVirtualNetworkAdaptersinPromiscuousModeonaLinuxHost 316
UsingNAT 316
HowtheNATDeviceUsestheVMnet8VirtualSwitch 317
DHCPontheNATNetwork 317
DNSontheNATNetwork 318
ExternalAccessfromtheNATNetwork 318
AdvancedNATConfiguration 319
ConfigureNATonaWindowsHost 319
CustomNATandDHCPConfigurationonaWindowsHost 319
SpecifyingConnectionsfromPortsBelow1024 320
ConfiguringNATonaLinuxHost 321
ConsiderationsforUsingNAT 324
UsingNATwithNetLogon 324
SampleLinuxnat.confFile 327
12
VMware, Inc.
Contents
UsingSambawithWorkstation 328
AddUserstotheSambaPasswordFile 329
UsingaSambaServerforBridgedandHostOnlyNetworks 329
UseSambaWithoutNetworkAccess 330
16 ConnectingDevices 331
UsingParallelPorts 331
AddaVirtualParallelPorttoaVirtualMachine 332
TroubleshootECRErrorsforParallelPorts 332
ConfiguringaParallelPortonaLinuxHost 333
UsingSerialPorts 335
AddaVirtualSerialPorttoaVirtualMachine 335
ChangetheInputSpeedoftheSerialConnection 337
DebuggingoveraVirtualSerialPort 338
ConfiguringKeyboardFeatures 339
UsetheEnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHosts 339
HotKeysforVirtualMachines 340
SpecifyaLanguageKeyboardMapforVNCClients 341
KeyboardMappingonaLinuxHost 342
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachine 351
EnabletheUSB2.0ControllerforaVirtualMachine 352
AddaUSBControllertoaVirtualMachine 352
ConnectingUSBDevices 353
USBDriverInstallationonaWindowsHost 355
AccessandUseaUSBDeviceonaLinuxHost 356
HowDeviceControlIsSharedBetweenHostandGuest 356
DisconnectingUSBDevicesfromaVirtualMachine 357
UseSmartCardswithVirtualMachines 358
SwitchtoUsingtheVirtualSmartCardReaderonLinuxHosts 360
DisableSmartCardSharing 360
SupportforGenericSCSIDevices 361
InstallingRequiredAdaptersorDriversforSomeWindowsGuests 362
AvoidingConcurrentAccessonLinuxHosts 363
AddaGenericSCSIDevicetoaVirtualMachine 363
TroubleshootProblemsDetectingGenericSCSIDevices 364
UseFourWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing 366
UseaVirtualMachineThatOriginallyHadMoreThanFourVirtual
Processors 367
VMware, Inc.
13
17 SpecialPurposeConfigurationOptionsforWindowsHosts 369
RestrictingtheUserInterface 369
EnabletheRestrictedUserInterface 370
RestricttheUserInterfaceandReturntoaSnapshot 370
DisabletheRestrictedUserInterface 371
MakingaVirtualMachineAlwaysUseFullScreenSwitchMode 372
SpecifyGlobalConfigurationSettingsforFullScreenSwitchMode 372
VirtualKeyCodes 373
HotKeyforCyclingThroughVirtualMachinesandtheHostComputer 375
HotKeysforSwitchingDirectlytoVirtualMachinesandtheHost
Computer 375
OtherEntriesintheGlobalConfigurationFile 376
UsingvmwarefullscreentoRunaVirtualMachine 377
GuestACPIS1Sleep 380
18 LearningtheBasicsofVMwareACE 381
BenefitsofUsingVMwareACE 381
KeyFeaturesofVMwareACE 382
VMwareACETerminology 383
NetworkandDiskSpaceRequirementsfortheAdministrativeWorkstation 384
OverviewofCreatingandDeployingACEPackages 385
OverviewoftheACEUserInterface 386
TroubleshootingUsersProblems 387
19 SettingandUsingPoliciesandCustomizingVMwarePlayer 389
BenefitsofUsingPolicies 390
SetPoliciesforACEInstances 390
SettingAccessControlPolicies 391
CreateorEditanAccessControlPolicy 392
ActivationSettings 392
AuthenticationSettings 393
UsinganAuthenticationScript 394
IncludeaPowerOnandPowerOffScriptinthePackage
SetaRecoveryKeyforEncryptedACEInstances 396
SetActivationLimit 396
ActiveDirectoryPasswordChangeProxying 397
14
394
VMware, Inc.
Contents
SettingHosttoGuestDataScriptPolicies 397
SpecifyaScriptandaCommandtoRunIt 398
SettingExpirationPolicies 399
SettingCopyProtectionPolicies 400
SettingResourceSigningPolicies 401
SettingNetworkAccessPolicies 402
BeforeYouBeginSettingHostPolicies 402
UsetheNetworkAccessWizardtoConfigureNetworkAccess 403
GuidelinesforSpecifyingZoneConditions 404
UsingtheRulesetEditortoConfigureHostandGuestAccess 407
ChangeNATSettings 409
ConfigureWhichPhysicalNetworkAdaptertoUse 410
UnderstandingtheInteractionofHostandGuestAccessFilterswithTunneling
Protocols 411
UpdatingaNetworkAccessPolicy 411
SettingRemovableDevicesPolicies 411
SettingUSBDevicePolicies 412
AccessLevelsforUSBDevices 412
SetanAccessPolicyforUSBDevices 412
SettingVirtualPrinterPolicies 414
SettingRuntimePreferencesPolicies 415
RuntimePreferencesSettings 415
EnhancedVirtualKeyboardSettings 416
ExitBehaviorSettings 416
PocketACECacheSettings 417
SettingSnapshotPolicies 418
SettingAdministratorModePolicies 419
UseAdministratorModeonanACEInstance 419
SettingKioskModePolicies 420
ChangetheKeyCombinationforExitingKioskMode 420
SettingHotFixPoliciesforStandaloneACEInstances 421
SettingthePolicyUpdateFrequencyforManagedACEInstances 421
ControlWhichACEInstancesRunonaHost 422
WritingPlugInPolicyScripts 424
ExamplesofPolicyScripts 425
CustomizingtheVMwarePlayerInterfaceonWindowsHostsOnly 428
CreateandSpecifyaSkinFile 428
CustomizingtheVMwarePlayerIcons 429
CustomizingtheTitleBarText 430
VMware, Inc.
15
CustomizingtheRemovableDeviceDisplay 430
ShortcutKeyValues 432
SampleSkinFile 433
20 DeployingACEPackages 435
EditDeploymentSettings 435
EncryptionSettings 436
PackageLifetimeSettings 436
InstanceCustomizationonWindowsGuestsOnly 437
CustomEULASettings 445
DeploymentPlatformSettings 446
ACEResourcesDirectory 446
ReviewtheConfigurationofanACEEnabledVirtualMachine 447
UsePreviewModetoTestPolicyandDeploymentSettings 448
CreatingaPackage 449
OverviewofPackageCreationandValidation 450
TurnOfftheVMwareToolsCheckforTestDeployments 451
PrerequisitesforUsingthePackagingWizards 452
UsetheNewPackageWizard 453
ViewPackagePropertiesandAddNotes 454
PerformanEndtoEndDeploymentTest 455
DeployPackages 456
21 PocketACE 457
UseCasesforPocketACE 458
PortableDeviceRequirements 459
PoliciesandDeploymentSettingsforPocketACE 460
CreateaPocketACEPackage 460
DeployingtheACEPackageonaPortableDevice 461
UsetheGraphicalUtilitytoDeployPocketACEPackages 461
UsetheCommandLineUtilitytoDeployPocketACEPackages
RunthePocketACEInstance 463
462
22 InstallingACEPackages 465
InstallinganACEPackageonaWindowsHost 465
InstallanACEInstanceonaSingleWindowsHost 466
InstallinganACEPackageSilentlyonMultipleWindowsHosts 466
UninstallVMwarePlayeroranACEinstancefromaWindowsHost 468
16
VMware, Inc.
Contents
InstallinganACEPackageonaLinuxHost 469
ManuallyInstallVMwarePlayeronaLinuxHost 469
InstalltheACEInstanceonaSingleLinuxHost 470
InstallanACEPackageSilentlyonMultipleLinuxHosts 471
PrepareaLinuxHostforRunninginKioskMode 472
UninstallVMwarePlayeroranACEInstancefromaLinuxHost 473
UpgradingACEInstancestoACE2.6 473
StartandUseanACEInstance 474
ChangeDefaultKioskModeStartupBehavior 475
UseMultipleVirtualMachinesinKioskMode 476
InstallanACEClientLicense 478
ChangetheACEClientLicense 478
QuitVMwarePlayer 479
TroubleshootingTools 479
UsingthevmwareacetoolCommandLineTool 479
RespondtoHotFixRequests 481
TroubleshootingSetupIssues 482
Appendix:WorkstationCommandLineReference
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachines
UsingStartupOptionsinaWindowsShortcut 487
Glossary
485
485
489
Index 495
VMware, Inc.
17
18
VMware, Inc.
Thismanual,theWorkstationUsersManual,providesinformationaboutinstallingand
usingVMwareWorkstation7.0.WithWorkstation,youcanconvertanexisting
physicalPCintoaVMwarevirtualmachineorcreateanewvirtualmachine.Each
virtualmachinerepresentsacompletePC,includingtheprocessor,memory,network
connectionsandperipheralports.UseWorkstationtodothefollowing:
Hostlegacyapplicationsandovercomeplatformmigrationissues.
Configureandtestnewsoftwareorpatchesinanisolatedenvironment.
Automatetasksforsoftwaredevelopmentandtesting.
DemonstratemultitierconfigurationsonasinglePC.
Intended Audience
Thisbookisintendedforanyonewhoneedstoinstall,upgrade,oruseVMware
Workstation.Workstationuserstypicallyincludepeoplewhodosoftwaredevelopment
andtestingorworkwithmultipleoperatingsystemsorcomputingenvironments:
softwaredevelopers,QAengineers,trainers,salespeoplewhorundemos,andanyone
whowantstocreatevirtualmachines.
Document Feedback
VMwarewelcomesyoursuggestionsforimprovingourdocumentation.Ifyouhave
comments,sendyourfeedbacktodocfeedback@vmware.com.
VMware, Inc.
19
Support Offerings
TofindouthowVMwaresupportofferingscanhelpmeetyourbusinessneeds,goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/services.
20
VMware, Inc.
VMwareWorkstationisadesktopsoftwarethatallowsyoutorunmultiple
x86compatibledesktopandserveroperatingsystemssimultaneouslyonasinglePC,
infullynetworked,portablevirtualmachineswithnorebootingorharddrive
partitioningrequired.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
ProductBenefitsonpage 21
OverviewofThisManualonpage 22
HostSystemRequirementsonpage 23
VirtualMachineSpecificationsonpage 29
SupportedGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 32
Product Benefits
Workstationisusedinthesoftwaredevelopment,qualityassurance,training,sales,and
ITfields.
Workstationstreamlinessoftwaredevelopmentandtesting:
DevelopandtestmultipleoperatingsystemsandapplicationsonasinglePC.
Connectvirtualmachinestosimulateandtestmultitierconfigurations.
Usemultiplesnapshotsanddebuggingsupporttofacilitatetesting.
Archivetestenvironmentsonfileserverswheretheycanbeeasilyrestoredor
shared.
VMware, Inc.
21
WorkstationenhancesproductivityofITprofessionals:
Configureandtestdesktopsandserversasvirtualmachinesbeforedeploying
themtoproduction.
Testnewmultitierapplications,applicationupdates,andoperatingsystem
patchesonasinglePC.
Hostlegacyapplicationswithinvirtualmachines,facilitatingoperatingsystem
migrationsandeliminatingtheneedtoportlegacyapplications.
Createavirtuallibraryofenduserconfigurationsonashareddrive.
Workstationfacilitatescomputerbasedtrainingandsoftwaredemos:
Packageanddeployclassroommaterialinvirtualmachines.
Allowstudentstoexperimentwithmultipleoperatingsystems,applications,and
toolsinsecure,isolatedvirtualmachines.
Configurevirtualmachinestoundoallchangesatshutdown.
Democomplexormultitierconfigurationsonasinglelaptop.
22
VMware, Inc.
HostThephysicalcomputeronwhichyouinstalltheWorkstationsoftwareis
calledthehostcomputer,anditsoperatingsystemisthehostoperatingsystem.
GuestTheoperatingsystemrunninginsideavirtualmachineiscalledaguest
operatingsystem.
Fordefinitionsoftheseandotherspecialterms,seeGlossaryonpage 489.
PC Hardware
Standardx86compatibleorx8664compatiblepersonalcomputer
1.3GHzorfasterCPUminimum
Multiprocessorsystemsaresupported.
Supportfor64bitguestoperatingsystemsisavailablewithIntelVTorAMDV
CPUs.
ForhardwarerequirementstosupportWindows7Aerographics,see
RecommendationsforWindows7AeroGraphicsSupportonpage 24.
Memory
Youneedenoughmemorytorunthehostoperatingsystem,plusthememoryrequired
foreachguestoperatingsystemandforapplicationsonthehostandguest.The
minimummemoryrequirementis1GB,VMwarerecommendstohave2GBandabove.
Formoreinformationonmemoryrequirements,seeyourguestoperatingsystemand
applicationdocumentation.
Asofversion7.0ofWorkstation,thetotalamountofmemoryyoucanassigntoall
virtualmachinesrunningonasinglehostislimitedonlybytheamountofRAMonthe
host.Themaximumamountofmemoryforeachvirtualmachineis32GB.
FormemoryrequirementstosupportWindows7Aerographics,see
RecommendationsforWindows7AeroGraphicsSupportonpage 24.
VMware, Inc.
23
Display
16bitor32bitdisplayadapterisrecommended.Fordisplayrequirementstosupport
Windows7Aerographics,seeRecommendationsforWindows7AeroGraphics
Supportonpage 24.
NOTEUsethelatestgraphicsdriverrecommendedforyourhost.
CPU
IntelDualCore,2.2GHzandabove
AMDAthlon4200+andabove
HostGCPU
nVidiaGeForce8800GTandabove
ATIRadeonHD2600andabove
Memoryatleast3GBofhostsystemmemory,1GBofmemoryallocatedtothe
guestoperatingsystem,and256MBgraphicsmemory.
Disk Drives
Guestoperatingsystemscanresideonphysicaldiskpartitionsorinvirtualdiskfiles.
Hard Disks
24
IDEandSCSIharddrivesaresupported.
VMwarerecommendsatleast1GBfreediskspaceforeachguestoperatingsystem
andtheapplicationsoftwareusedwithit.Ifyouuseadefaultsetup,theactualdisk
spaceneedsareapproximatelythesameasthoseforinstallingandrunningthe
guestoperatingsystemandapplicationsonaphysicalcomputer.
200MB(Linux)or1.5GB(Windows)freediskspaceisrequiredforbasic
installation.Deletetheinstallerafterwardstoreclaimdiskspace.
VMware, Inc.
IDEandSCSIopticaldrivesaresupported.
CDROMandDVDROMdrivesaresupported.
ISOdiskimagefilesaresupported.
Floppy Drives
Virtualmachinescanconnecttothehostsdiskdrives.Floppydiskimagefilesarealso
supported.
YoucanuseanyEthernetcontrollerthatthehostoperatingsystemsupports.
NonEthernetnetworksaresupportedbyusingbuiltinnetworkaddress
translation(NAT)orusingacombinationofhostonlynetworkingplusrouting
softwareonthehostoperatingsystem.
VMware, Inc.
25
32bit
Windows7UltimateEdition
Windows7EnterpriseEdition
Windows7Professional
Windows7HomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition,SP1,SP2
Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.
WindowsServer2008Enterprise,SP1,R2
WindowsServer2008Standard,SP1,R2
WindowsServer2003StandardEditionwithSP1,R2,SP2
WindowsServer2003SmallBusinessEditionwithSP1,R2,SP2
WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEditionwithSP1,R2,SP2
WindowsXPHomeEditionwithSP2orlaterservicepack
WindowsXPProfessionalwithSP2orlaterservicepack
64bit
Windows7UltimateEdition
Windows7EnterpriseEdition
Windows7Professional
Windows7HomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions,SP1,SP2
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition,SP1,SP2
Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.
WindowsServer2008Enterprise,SP1,R2
WindowsServer2008Standard,SP1,R2
WindowsServer2003StandardEditionwithSP1,R2,SP2
WindowsServer2003SmallBusinessEditionwithSP1,R2,SP2
WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEditionwithSP1,
R2,SP2Windows
WindowsXPProfessionalx64EditionwithSP1orlaterservice
pack
26
VMware, Inc.
32bit
AsianuxServer3
CentOS5.2
CentOS5.1
CentOS5.0
Mandriva2009
Mandriva2008,20081
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.2
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.1
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.0
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.3WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.2WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.1WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.8WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.7WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.6WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.5(formerly4.0Update5)WS,AS,
ES
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer11
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1,SP2
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop11
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop10,SP1,SP2
Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.
VMware, Inc.
27
32bit
openSUSE11.2
openSUSE11.1
openSUSE11
openSUSE10.3
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
UbuntuLinux9.04
UbuntuLinux8.10
UbuntuLinux8.04,8.04.1,8.04.2,8.04.3
UbuntuLinux6.06
64bit
AsianuxServer3
CentOS5.2
CentOS5.1
CentOS5.0
Mandriva2009
Mandriva2008,20081
Note:On64bitMandrivahosts,some32bitcompatibility
librariesarerequired.Specifically,32bitglibc,X11,and
libXtst.soarerequired.
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.2
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.1
OracleEnterpriseLinux5.0
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.3WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.2WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.1WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.8WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.7WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.6WS,AS,ES
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.5(formerly4.0Update5)WS,AS,
ES
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer11
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1,SP2
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop11
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop10,SP1,SP2
Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.
28
VMware, Inc.
64bit
openSUSE11.2
openSUSE11.1
openSUSE11
openSUSE10.3
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
UbuntuLinux9.04
UbuntuLinux8.10
UbuntuLinux8.04,8.04.1,8.04.2,8.04.3
UbuntuLinux6.06
Note:On64bitUbuntu6.xhosts,some32bitcompatibility
librariesarerequired.Specifically,32bitglibcandX11are
required.
Processor
Sameprocessorasthatonhostcomputer.
Onevirtualprocessoronahostwithoneormorelogicalprocessors.
Uptofourvirtualprocessors(fourwayvirtualsymmetricmultiprocessing,or
Virtual SMP)onahostwithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
Thefollowingareconsideredtohavetwologicalprocessors:
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoormorephysicalCPUs.
AsingleprocessorhostwithamulticoreCPU.
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled.
SeeUseFourWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessingonpage 366.
Chip Set
Intel440BXbasedmotherboard
NS338SIO
82093AAIOAPIC
VMware, Inc.
29
BIOS
PhoenixBIOS4.0Release6withVESABIOS
Memory
Youcanallocateupto32GBofmemoryforavirtualmachine,dependingonhost
memory.
Nomaximumlimitforthetotalavailableforallvirtualmachines.
Graphics
VGAandSVGAaresupported.
IDE Drives
Uptofourdevicesdisks,CDROMorDVDROM(DVDdrivescanbeusedto
readdataDVDROMdiscs;DVDvideoisnotsupported).
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
IDEvirtualdisksupto950GB.
CDROMcanbeaphysicaldeviceoranISOimagefile.
SCSI Devices
30
Upto60devices.
SCSIvirtualdisksupto950GB.
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
GenericSCSIsupportallowsdevicestobeusedwithoutneedfordriversinthe
hostoperatingsystem.Workswithscanners,CDROM,DVDROM,tapedrives
andotherSCSIdevices.
LSILogicLSI53C10xxUltra320SCSII/Ocontroller.
Mylex(BusLogic)BT958compatiblehostbusadapter(requiresaddondriver
fromVMwareforWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003).
VMware, Inc.
Floppy Drives
Uptotwo1.44MBfloppydevices.
Physicaldrivesorfloppyimagefiles.
Uptofourserial(COM)ports.
Outputtoserialports,WindowsorLinuxfiles,ornamedpipes.
Uptothreebidirectionalparallel(LPT)ports.
Outputtoparallelportsorhostoperatingsystemfiles.
USB Ports
USB1.1UHCIcontroller.
USB2.0EHCIcontroller.(UsethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoenableUSB2.0
support.SeeEnabletheUSB2.0ControllerforaVirtualMachineonpage 352.)
Supportsmostdevices,includingUSBprinters,scanners,PDAs,harddiskdrives,
memorycardreaders,anddigitalcameras,aswellasstreamingdevicessuchas
webcams,speakers,andmicrophones.
Keyboard
104keyWindows95/98enhanced.
PS/2andUSBmouse.
Serialtabletssupported.
USBtabletssupported.
VMware, Inc.
31
Ethernet Card
Upto10virtualEthernetcards.
AMDPCnetPCIIIcompatible.
For64bitguests:IntelPro/1000MTServerAdaptercompatible.
Sound
Soundoutputandinput.
EmulatesCreativeLabsSoundBlasterAudioPCI.(DoesnotsupportMIDIinputor
gameportcontroller/joysticks.)
Virtual Networking
Supportfor10virtualEthernetswitchesonMicrosoftWindowshostoperating
systems.Supportfor255virtualEthernetswitchesonLinuxhosts.Threeswitches
areconfiguredbydefaultforbridged,hostonly,andNATnetworking.
SupportformostEthernetbasedprotocols,includingTCP/IP,NetBEUI,Microsoft
Networking,Samba,NovellNetWare,andNetworkFileSystem.
BuiltinNATsupportsclientsoftwareusingTCP/IP,FTP,DNS,HTTP,andTelnet,
includingVPNsupportforPPTPoverNAT.
32
VMware, Inc.
Windows32bit
Windows7UltimateEdition
Windows7EnterpriseEdition
Windows7Professional
Windows7HomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaBusiness
WindowsVistaEnterprise
WindowsVistaUltimate
WindowsServer2008StandardEditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2008DatacenterEditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2008EnterpriseEditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2003StandardEdition
WindowsServer2003SmallBusinessEdition
WindowsServer2003WebEdition
WindowsServer2003Enterprise
WindowsXPProfessional
WindowsXPHomeEdition
WindowsPE
WindowsRE
Windows2000Professional
Windows2000Server
Windows2000AdvancedServer
WindowsNT4.0WorkstationwithSP6
WindowsNT4.0ServerwithSP6
WindowsNT4.0TerminalServerEditionwithSP6
WindowsMe
Windows98
Windows95
Windows3.1(withWindowsforWorkgroups)
MicrosoftMSDOS
VMware, Inc.
MSDOS
33
Windows64bit
Windows7UltimateEdition
Windows7EnterpriseEdition
Windows7Professional
Windows7HomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaBusiness
WindowsVistaEnterprise
WindowsVistaUltimate
WindowsServer2008x64StandardEditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2008Datacenterx64EditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2008Enterprisex64EditionwithoutHyperV
WindowsServer2003StandardEdition
WindowsServer2003SmallBusinessEdition
WindowsServer2003WebEdition
WindowsServer2003Enterprise
WindowsServerx64
WindowsXPProfessional
WindowsPE
WindowsRE
34
VMware, Inc.
Linux32bit
AsianuxServer
CentOS
MandrakeLinux
MandrivaLinux
MandrivaCorporateDesktop
MandrivaCorporateServer
NovellLinuxDesktop
OracleEnterpriseLinux
RedHatLinux
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServer
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer(AS)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxEnterpriseServer(ES)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWorkstation
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxDesktopwithorwithoutthe
WorkstationOption
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedPlatform
SUSELinux
openSUSELinux
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop
TurbolinuxServer
TurbolinuxEnterpriseServer
TurbolinuxWorkstation
TurbolinuxDesktop
UbuntuLinux
VMware, Inc.
35
Linux64bit
AsianuxServer
CentOS
MandrivaLinux
MandrivaCorporateDesktop
MandrivaCorporateServer
OracleEnterpriseLinux
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServer
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer(AS)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxEnterpriseServer(ES)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWorkstation
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxDesktopwithorwithoutthe
WorkstationOption
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedPlatform
SUSELinux
openSUSELinux
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
SUSELinuxEnterpriseDesktop
TurbolinuxServer
UbuntuLinux
NovellNetWare32Bit
NetWare
NovellOpenEnterprise
Server32bit
OpenEnterpriseServer32bit
FreeBSD32bit
FreeBSD32bit
Note:IfyouuseSCSIvirtualdiskslargerthan2GBwith
FreeBSD4.04.3,theguestoperatingsystemdoesnotboot.To
workaroundthisissue,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide.
FreeBSD64bit
FreeBSD64bit
Sun32bit
Solarisx8632bit
SunJavaDesktopSystem(JDS)
Sun64bit
36
Solarisx8664bit
VMware, Inc.
RevisionDorlaterofAMDAthlon64,Opteron,Turion64,andSempron
IntelPentium4andCore2,andCorei7processorswithEM64TandIntel
VirtualizationTechnology
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyon
hostmachinesthathaveoneofthesupported64bitprocessors.Whenyoupowerona
virtualmachinewitha64bitguestoperatingsystem,Workstationperformsaninternal
check.IfthehostCPUisnotasupported64bitprocessor,youcannotpoweronthe
virtualmachine.
VMwarealsoprovidesastandaloneutilitythatyoucanusewithoutWorkstationto
performthesamecheckanddeterminewhetheryourCPUissupportedfor
Workstationvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystems.Downloadthe64bit
processorcheckutilityfromthedownloadsareaoftheVMwareWebsite.
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyin
versions6.0andlater.IfyourversionofWorkstationis5.0orearlier,upgradetoversion
6.0orlaterfor64bitguestoperatingsystemsupport.Avirtualmachinecreatedin
Workstationversion6.0witha64bitoperatingsystemcannotbepoweredonor
resumedinWorkstationversions5.0andearlier.
VMware, Inc.
37
38
VMware, Inc.
ThischapterdiscusseshowtoinstallWorkstationonyourLinuxorWindowshost.
This chaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
InstallationPrerequisitesonpage 39
SharingaWorkstationHostwithOtherVMwareProductsonpage 40
InstallWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 41
InstallWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 44
PreparingforanUpgradeonpage 47
UpgradeWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
UpgradeWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 51
Installation Prerequisites
InstallingVMwareWorkstationisusuallyasimpleprocessofrunningastandard
installationwizard.
Beforeyouruntheinstallationprogram,besureyouhavethefollowing:
AcompatiblehostVerifythatthecomputerandhostoperatingsystemmeetthe
systemrequirementsforrunningWorkstation.SeeHostSystemRequirements
onpage 23.
WorkstationinstallationsoftwareIfyouhavethepackageddistributionof
Workstation,theinstallationsoftwareisontheinstallationmediainyourpackage.
Ifyouhavetheelectronicdistribution,theinstallationsoftwareisinthefileyou
downloaded.
WorkstationisavailableforWindowsandLinuxhostcomputers.Theinstallation
filesforbothhostplatformsareincludedinthepackageddistribution.
VMware, Inc.
39
WorkstationorVMwareACEserialnumberYourserialnumberisonthe
registrationcardinyourpackage.IfyoupurchasedWorkstationorVMwareACE
online,theserialnumberissentbyemail.
YourserialnumberallowsyoutouseWorkstationonlyonthehostoperating
systemforwhichyoulicensedthesoftware.Forexample,ifyouhaveaserial
numberforaWindowshost,youcannotrunthesoftwareonaLinuxhost.
Youneedonelicenseforeachuser.
TouseWorkstationonadifferenthostoperatingsystem,purchasealicenseonthe
VMwareWebsite.Youcanalsoobtainanevaluationlicenseatnochargefora
30dayevaluationofthesoftware.Formoreinformation,gototheVMwareWeb
site.
IfyoudonotentertheWorkstationserialnumberatinstallationtime(anoption
availableonaWindowshost),youarepromptedtoenteritthefirsttimeyou
attempttopoweronavirtualmachine.
AguestoperatingsystemAfterWorkstationisinstalled,youneedtheoperating
systeminstallationCDs,DVDs,orISOimagefilestosetupaguestinavirtual
machine.
(Optional)EclipseorMicrosoftVisualStudioToinstalltheIntegratedVirtual
DebuggerforEclipseorVisualStudiopluginsincludedwithWorkstation,Eclipse
orVisualStudiomustbeinstalledonthehostbeforeyouruntheWorkstation
installer.IfyouinstalloneorbothoftheseprogramsafteryouinstallWorkstation,
runtheWorkstationinstalleragainandselecttheModifyoptiontoinstallthe
pluginsatthattime.
FormoreinformationaboutsupportedversionsofVisualStudioandEclipse,see
thefollowingguidesontheVMwareWebsite:
IntegratedVirtualDebuggerforEclipseDevelopersGuide
IntegratedVirtualDebuggerforVisualStudioDevelopersGuide
40
VMware, Inc.
Afteryoucompletetheprerequisitesanddeterminewhichcomputeryouwanttouse
forhostingWorkstation,seetheappropriateplatformspecificinstallationtopic.
LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
Loginaslocaladministrator(thatis,donotlogintothedomain,unlessyour
domainaccountisalsoalocaladministrator).
AlthoughanadministratormustinstallWorkstation,auserwithout
administrativeprivilegescanruntheprogramafteritisinstalled.
FromtheStartmenu,chooseRunandspecifythepathtoeithertheCD/DVDdrive
orthedownloadedinstallerfile:
Ifyouareinstallingfromtheinstallationmedia,enterD:\setup.exe,where
D:isthedriveletterforyourCD/DVDdrive.
Ifyouareinstallingfromadownloadedfile,browsetothedirectorywhere
yousavedthedownloadedinstallerfile,andruntheinstaller.
ThefilenameissimilartoVMware-workstation-<xxxx-xxxx>.exe,where
<xxxx-xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuild
numbers.
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7,whentheUserAccountControldialogbox
promptsyouforpermissiontoruntheinstaller,clickContinue.
IfyouhaveanearlierversionofWorkstationinstalledonyoursystem,theinstaller
removesthatversionbeforeinstallingthenewversion.Aftertheuninstallationis
complete,youmightbepromptedtorestartyourcomputerbeforetheinstallercan
installthenewversion.
3
VMware, Inc.
Whenthewizardopensandfinishescomputingspacerequirements,clickNext.
41
OntheSetupTypepage,selectTypicalunlessyoudonotwanttoinstallthe
applicableWorkstationIDEplugins,orifyouhaveEclipseorVisualStudio
installedinanonstandardlocation.
IfyouhaveVisualStudioorEclipseinstalled,theinstallerinstallsanintegrated
virtualdebugger.Ifyoudonotwantaplugininstalled,selecttheCustomsetup,
andselectnottoinstallthatcomponent.
IfyouselectCustom,youcanusetheSpacebuttontofindouthowmuchdisk
spaceisrequiredforeachcomponentoftheinstallation.ClickHelpfora
descriptionofwhateachtypeoficoninthelistmeans.
(Optional)OntheDestinationFolderpage(fortypicalsetups)ortheCustomSetup
page(forcustomsetups),ifyoudonotwantWorkstationinstalledinthedirectory
thatisshown,clickChangeandspecifyadifferentdirectory.
Ifyouspecifyadirectorythatdoesnotexist,theinstallercreatesitforyou.
You cannotinstallWorkstationonanetworkdrive.
Followtherestofthewizardprompts.
Someinstallationsmightrequirethatyourebootyourcomputer.Whenyourestart,you
donotneedtologinasauserwithAdministratorprivileges.
42
VMware, Inc.
Openacommandpromptandenterthefollowingcommandtosilentlyextractthe
administrativeinstallationimagefromtheVMwareWorkstationinstaller:
setup.exe /s /e <install_temp_path>
setup.exeisthenameoftheinstallerontheinstallationmedia.Ifyouareusinga
downloadedinstaller,thefilenameissimilarto
VMwareWorkstation-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
<install_temp_path>isthefullpathtothefolderwhereyouwanttostorethe
administrativeinstallationimage.
2
Enterthefollowingcommandononelinetorunasilentinstallationusingmsiexec
andtheadministrativeinstallationimageyouextractedinthepreviousstep:
msiexec -i "<install_temp_path>\VMware Workstation.msi"
[INSTALLDIR="<path_to_program_directory>"] ADDLOCAL=ALL
[REMOVE=<feature_name,feature_name>] /qn
ToinstallWorkstationinalocationotherthanthedefault,changethepaththat
followsINSTALLDIR=tospecifythelocation.
UsetheoptionalREMOVE=<property>toskipinstallationofcertainfeatures.
The REMOVE=<property>settingcantakeoneormoreofthevalueslistedin
Table 21.
Table 2-1. Values for the REMOVE Property
Value
Description
Authd
VMwareauthorizationservice,whichisusedtoperformtaskswhenyouare
notrunningWorkstationasanAdministratoruser.
Network
Networkingcomponents,includingthevirtualbridgeandthehostadapters
forhostonlynetworkingandNATnetworking.Donotremovethis
componentifyouwanttouseNATorDHCP.
DHCP
VirtualDHCPserver.
NAT
VirtualNATdevice.
Ifyouspecifymorethanonevalue,useacommatoseparatethevalues.
For example,REMOVE=Authd,NAT.
IfyouspecifyREMOVE=Network,theinstallerskipsinstallationofcertain
networkingcomponents,includingNATandDHCP.Youdonotneedtospecify
DHCPorNATseparately.
VMware, Inc.
43
Youcancustomizetheinstallationfurtherbyusingtheformat
<property>="<value>"toaddanyoftheinstallationpropertieslistedin
Table 22tothecommand.Avalueof1meanstrue.Avalueof0meansfalse.Ifyou
usetheserialnumberproperty,entertheserialnumberwithhyphens
(xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx).
Default Value
DESKTOP_SHORTCUT
Installsashortcutonthedesktop.
DISABLE_AUTORUN
DisablesCDAutorunonthehost.
REMOVE_LICENSE
(Uninstallonly)Removesallstoredlicensesat
uninstall.
SERIALNUMBER
Enterstheserialnumber.
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,gotoStart>ControlPanel>Programs
>Programs and Features>UninstallaprogramanduninstallVMware
Workstation.
OnotherWindowshosts,usetheAdd/RemoveProgramsiteminthecontrolpanel
andremoveVMwareWorkstation.
44
MakesureyouhavetheitemslistedinInstallationPrerequisitesonpage 39.
TherealtimeclockfunctionmustbecompiledintoyourLinuxkernel.
VMware, Inc.
WorkstationforLinuxrequiresthattheparallelportPCstylehardwareoption
(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)bebuiltandloadedasakernelmodule(thatis,itmust
besettomwhenthekerneliscompiled).
TousetheWorkstationHelpsystem,youmusthaveaWebbrowserinstalledon
thehostcomputer.
Theinstallationtopicdescribesaninstallationfromtheinstallationmediaincludedin
theWorkstationmediakit.Ifyoudownloadedthesoftware,thestepsarethesame
exceptthatyoustartfromthedirectorywhereyousavedthedownloadedinstallerfile,
notfromtheLinuxdirectoryontheinstallationmedia.
Thebundleinstallerletsyouinstalltheproductinonestep.IftheGUIbasedinstaller
fails,runtheinstallerfilewiththe--consoleoptioninyourterminal.
NOTEOnRedHatEnterpriseLinux5.1hostsandpossiblysomeotherLinux
distributions,thebundlebasedinstallerlaunchesacommandlinewizardratherthan
aGUIwizard.
VMware-Workstation-<xxxx-xxxx>.<architecture>.bundleisthenameofthe
installerfile.Inthename,<xxxx-xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersthatrepresenttheversion
andbuildnumbers,and<architecture>isi386orx86_64.
To install Workstation on a Linux host
1
LogintoyourLinuxhostwiththeusernameyouplantousewhenrunning
Workstation.
Inaterminalwindow,becomeroottoperformtheinitialinstallationsteps:
suorsudo
ThecommandyouusedependsonyourLinuxdistributionandconfiguration.
Ifyouareinstallingfromtheinstallationmediainsteadofadownloadedfile,
mounttheWorkstationinstallationmedia.
Changedirectoriestothedirectorywheretheinstallerfileislocatedandrunthe
followingcommand:
sh VMware-Workstation-<xxxx-xxxx>.<architecture>.bundle
IfyouareusingtheWorkstationinstallationmedia,thisfileisintheLinux
directory.
VMware, Inc.
45
AccepttheVIXEULAtocontinue.
(Optional)Ifyouareusingthe--consoleoptionorrunningahostthatdoesnot
supporttheGUIinstallationdooneofthefollowing:
ToscrollthroughtheVIXEULA,pressspacebarandattheendofEULAthe
Doyouagree?[yes/no]promptappears.
ToexittheVIXEULApressqandtheDoyouagree?[yes/no]promptappears.
(Optional)EnterthedirectorypathtotheIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforEclipse
ifEclipseisinstalled.
SelecteitherYesorNotoconfirmwhetheryouwanttoinstalltheEclipseC/C++
debuggingplugin.
OnsomeLinuxdistributions,iftheinstallerdetectsinsufficientfiledescriptorsyou
canupdatethehardlimitforopenfilesontheinstallerpage.
Ifthehardlimitforopenfilesis1024orless,thevirtualmachinemayfailifalarge
numberofsnapshotsareused.
10 ClickInstall.
SeeStartWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 54.
46
--gtkOpenstheGUIbasedVMwareinstaller,whichisthedefaultoption.
--consoleAllowsyoutousetheterminalforinstallation.
--customShowsalltheinstallationquestions.Youcancustomizetheinstallation
directories,setorresettheEclipsedirectoriesandhardlimitforthenumberof
openfiledescriptors.
--regularShowsinstallationquestionsthathavenotbeenansweredbeforeor
arerequired.Thisisthedefaultoption.
--requiredShowsonlytheEULA,thenproceedstoinstallWorkstation.
--ignore-errors or -I Allowstheinstallationtocontinueevenifthereisan
errorinoneoftheinstallerscripts.However,thesectionthathasanerrordoesnot
complete,sothecomponentmaynotbeproperlyconfigured.
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouusedthebundleinstaller,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware-installer -u vmware-workstation
SelecteitherYesorNotoconfirmwhetheryouwanttopreserveorremoveyour
configurationfiles.
IfyouusedtheRPMinstallertoinstallWorkstation4,5.x,and6.x,enterthe
followingcommands:
rpm -qa | grep VM
TheVMwareWorkstationproductinstallernameappears.
rpm -e <VMware_Workstation_ product_ installer_name>
MakesureallvirtualmachinesareWorkstation4,5.x,or6.xvirtualmachines.
DirectupgradesfromaWorkstation2or3virtualmachinearenotsupportedin
Workstation6.xand7.0.
IfavirtualmachinewascreatedwithaversionofWorkstationearlierthan
Workstation5.5andithasasnapshot,deletethesnapshotbeforeupgrading.
See DeleteaSnapshotoraRecordingonpage 212.
ForupgradesfromWorkstation4,5.x,or6.x,ifyoubridged(mapped)virtual
networkstospecificphysicalorvirtualadapters,writedownthesettingsyouused.
AlthoughWorkstation7.0generallypreservesnetworksettingsduringthe
upgrade,itcannotpreservebridgesettingscreatedwithWorkstation4,5.x,or6.x.
VMware, Inc.
47
Ifanyvirtualmachinesaresuspended,resumethem,shutdowntheguest
operatingsystems,andpowerthemoff.
Ifanyvirtualmachinesarerunninginthebackground,starttheminWorkstation
andpowerthemoff.SeeStartaVirtualMachineThatIsRunninginthe
Backgroundonpage 149.
Backupthevirtualmachinesbymakingbackupcopiesofallthefilesinthevirtual
machinedirectories.
Thisincludes.vmdkor.dskfiles,.vmxor.cfgfiles,and.nvram files.Depending
onyourupgradepath,youmightnotbeabletorunyourvirtualmachinesunder
bothWorkstation7.0andyourpreviousversionofWorkstation.
Poweroffallrunningvirtualmachines.
YoucannowuseoneofthefollowingplatformspecifictaskstoinstallWorkstation:
UpgradeWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
UpgradeWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 51
LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
LaunchtheWorkstation7.0installerfromyourdownloaddirectoryorCD/DVD
drive.
Workstationautomaticallyuninstallsthepreviousversionbutsavesallthe
networksettingsexceptforbridgedsettingsusedtomapindividualvirtual
networkstospecificphysicalorvirtualadapters.
48
VMware, Inc.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso,andloginagainasthe
AdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindowsAdministrators
group.
Followtheinstallationwizardpromptstocompletetheinstallation.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso.
Youcannowloginasyounormallydo.Youdonotneedtologinasan
AdministratornowthatWorkstationisinstalled.
Ifyouusedbridgedsettingstomapvirtualnetworkstospecificphysicalorvirtual
adapters,recreatethemappings.
AlthoughWorkstation7.0generallypreservesnetworksettingsduringthe
upgrade,itcannotpreservemappingscreatedwithWorkstation4,5.x,or6.x.
TouseWorkstation7.0toupgradevirtualmachines,seeChangetheVersionofa
VirtualMachineonpage 94.
OnWindowsXP,thedefaultvirtualmachinelocationbeforetheupgradeis:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines.
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7,thedefaultvirtualmachinelocationafterthe
upgradeis:C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Virtual
Machines\<guestOSname>.
Aftertheupgradeiscomplete,iftheFavoriteslistinWorkstationdoesnotwork
correctly,youcanremovethevirtualmachinesfromitandaddthemagain.
VMware, Inc.
49
OntheWindowsXPhost,usetheControlPanelsAdd/RemoveProgramsitemto
uninstallWorkstation5.x.
UpgradetheoperatingsystemtoWindowsVistaorWindows7,asdescribedinthe
Microsoftdocumentation.
InstallWorkstation7.0.
(Optional)Toupgradethevirtualmachines,usetheChangeVersionwizardin
Workstation7.0.
SeeChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
SelectVMwareWorkstationandclickUninstall.
InstallWorkstation7.0.
SeeInstallWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 41.
(Optional)Toupgradethevirtualmachines,usetheChangeVersionwizardin
Workstation7.0.
SeeChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
50
VMware, Inc.
LoginastheAdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindows
Administratorsgroup.
MakesurethatWorkstationisnotrunningandthatnovirtualmachinesare
runninginthebackground.
UpgradethehostoperatingsystemtoWindowsVistaandWindows7,as
describedintheMicrosoftdocumentation.
RuntheWorkstation7.0installer.
(Optional)Toupgradethevirtualmachines,usetheChangeVersionwizardin
Workstation7.0.
SeeChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
MakesurethatyouhaveaWorkstation7.0serialnumber.Youarepromptedto
enterthe serialnumberafterinstallationiscomplete,thefirsttimeyoustart
Workstationaftertheupgrade.AlsoperformthetasksdescribedinPreparingfor
anUpgradeonpage 47.
IfyourpreviousinstallationwasfromanRPMinstallerandyouwanttoinstall
Workstation7.0,manuallyuninstallthepreviousversionofWorkstation.To
manuallyuninstallWorkstation,seeUninstallWorkstationfromaLinuxHoston
page 47.
IfyoucurrentlyhaveWorkstation4,5.x,or6.xinstalledonyoursystem,theolder
versionwillbeuninstalledautomaticallybeforethelatestversionofWorkstationis
installed.Workstation7.0savesnetworksettingsexceptforbridgedsettingsusedto
mapindividualvirtualnetworkstospecificphysicalorvirtualadapters.
NOTEStartingwithWorkstation5.x,Sambaisnolongerautomaticallyconfigured
duringinstallation.
VMware, Inc.
51
RuntheWorkstationbundleinstallerasyouwouldforanewinstallation.
Ifyouusedbridgedsettingstomapvirtualnetworkstospecificphysicalorvirtual
adapters,recreatethemappings.
AlthoughWorkstation7.0generallypreservesnetworksettingsduringthe
upgrade,itcannotpreservemappingscreatedwithWorkstation4,5.x,or6.x.
(Optional)Toupgradethevirtualmachines,usetheChangeVersionwizardin
Workstation7.0.
SeeChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
52
VMware, Inc.
Learning Workstation
Basics
ThischapterdiscusseslaunchingtheWorkstationprogramandintroducestheVMware
Workstationwindow.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
StartWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 53
StartWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 54
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindowonpage 54
CheckforProductUpdatesonpage 65
QuicklyCreateaVirtualMachineandInstallanOperatingSystemonpage 66
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferencesonpage 67
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettingsonpage 69
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 71
KeyboardShortcutsonpage 72
GatheringInformationforVMwareTechnicalSupportonpage 75
FromtheStartmenu,chooseStart>Programs>VMware>VMwareWorkstation.
IfthisisthefirsttimeyouarelaunchingWorkstation,readandaccepttheenduser
licenseagreement(EULA).
VMware, Inc.
53
Openaterminalwindow.
Dooneofthefollowing:
If/usr/binisinyourdefaultpath,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware &
If/usr/binisnotinyourdefaultpath,enterthefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware &
Readandaccepttheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA).
54
VMware, Inc.
sidebar
status
bar
home page,
summary, or
console view
message
log
TheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsthefollowingsections:
Homepage,summary,console,orapplianceviewMainpartofthewindowthat
showsthevirtualmachines.
TabsEachopenvirtualmachinehasatab.Clickatabtomakethatvirtual
machineactive.ClicktheClosebuttontoclosethetab.Dependingonhowyou
configureWorkstation,thevirtualmachineistheneitherpoweredofforcontinues
toruninthebackground.
SidebarBookmarkyourfavoritevirtualmachinesandteamsofvirtualmachines
forquickaccess.Youcanalsoseewhichvirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Rightclickcontextmenusenableyoutoperformmanyoperationsonaselected
virtualmachine.AnadditionalsectionofthesidebardisplaysACEManagement
Servers.
StatusbarDisplaysWorkstationmessagesandaniconforeachremovable
device.Youcanclickorrightclickanicontodisconnectitoredititsconfiguration.
MessagelogAnoteiconindicateswhetheranyunreadmessagesarepresentin
themessagelogfortheselectedvirtualmachine.Iftheiconisdimmed,all
messageswereread.Toopenthemessagelog,rightclicktheiconandchoose
OpenMessageLog.Alternatively,fromthemenubar,chooseVM>MessageLog.
Messagesincludewarninginformationaboutthevirtualmachine,suchasCould
not connect to the floppy drive.orNo bootable device was detected.
Selectaniteminthemessagelogtoseeadetaileddescriptionofthemessage.
VMware, Inc.
55
Home Page
ClicktheHometabtodisplaytheWorkstationhomepage.Usetheiconsonthehome
pagetostartcreatinganewvirtualmachineoropenanexistingvirtualmachine.
Toclosethehomepage,clicktheXtotherightofthetabsonaWindowshostortheX
onthetabonaLinuxhost.Todisplaythehomepageagain,chooseView>GotoHome
Tab.
Summary View
Whenyouselectatabforapoweredoffvirtualmachineorteamofmachines,
Workstationdisplaysonlyasummaryoftheconfigurationinformationaboutthatitem.
Workstationalsodisplaysasummaryforasuspendedvirtualmachineorteam.Click
theSummarybuttoninthetoolbaratanytimetoexaminesettingsinthesummary
view.
Summaryviewsappearonlyforvirtualmachinesthatarecurrentlyopen.SeeStarting
aVirtualMachineonpage 148.Thesummaryorconsoleviewremainsvisibleaslong
asthevirtualmachineremainsopen.
Figure 32showsanexampleofthesummaryview.
56
VMware, Inc.
TheCommandssectiongivesyouaccesstothemostoftenusedcommandsfromthe
VMmenu.OnWindowshosts,forACEenabledvirtualmachines,thisincludes
commandsforcreatingsecuritypoliciesandvirtualmachinepackagestodeploytoend
users,aswellasacommandforpreviewingtheACEenabledvirtualmachinein
VMwarePlayer.
ThesectionthatincludestheDevices,Options,and(sometimes)ACEandPackages
tabsenablesyoutoreviewconfigurationsettingsquickly.Doubleclickanitemonthe
tabtodisplaytheitemsconfigurationpanelandchangeasetting.
VMware, Inc.
57
Console View
Theconsoleviewforanactivevirtualmachineislikethemonitordisplayofaphysical
computer.
Figure 3-3. Console View on a Windows Host
Console View button
Whenavirtualmachineisactive,thenameofthevirtualmachineorteamof
virtual machinesappearsinatabatthetopoftheconsole.Toswitchfromtheactive
virtualmachineorteam,clickthetabofanothervirtualmachineorteam.Youcanuse
theconsoletabsinthewindowmodeandalsointhequickswitchmode.
Appliance View
Ifyousetupthevirtualmachinetoactasanappliance,suchasaWebserverwitha
browserbasedconsole,youcanspecifythatthedefaultviewisanapplianceview.
The applianceviewgivesabriefdescriptionofthetypeofserverorappliance.Italso
providesalinkthatopensthebrowseronthehostsystemandconnectstothe
appliancesmanagementconsole.
Theapplianceviewisavailableonlyforvirtualmachinesthatyoudesignateas
appliances.SeeConfiguretheApplianceViewforaVirtualMachineonpage 182.
58
VMware, Inc.
Toolbar Buttons
ThetoolbarareaatthetopoftheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsbuttonsto
powervirtualmachinesonandoff,changetheWorkstationdisplay,managesnapshots,
andrecordvirtualmachineactivity.
Figure 3-4. Workstation Toolbars
Power toolbar
Snapshot toolbar
Replay toolbar
View toolbar
ACE toolbar
Ifyoupointtoatoolbarbutton,atooltipappearsanddisplaysthenameofthebutton.
Tochangewhichbuttonsappear,seeCustomizetheToolbaronaWindowsHoston
page 62andCustomizetheToolbaronaLinuxHostonpage 61.
ThePowertoolbarcontainsthefollowingbuttons:
PowerOffTurnsofftheactivevirtualmachineorteamlikethepowerbuttonon
aphysicalPC.YoucanconfigureWorkstationforasoftpoweroff(calledshut
down)orahardpoweroff(calledpoweroff).SeeShutDownaVirtualMachine
onpage 151orPowerOfforCloseaTeamonpage 274.
SuspendStopsavirtualmachineorteaminamannerthatallowsyoutoresume
yourworklater.SeeUsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 201.
VMware, Inc.
59
PowerOnorResumePowersonaselectedvirtualmachineorteamthatis
poweredoff,orresumesavirtualmachineorteamthatissuspended.SeeStarting
aVirtualMachineonpage 148,PowerOnaTeamonpage 279,andUsingthe
SuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 201.
ResetResetsavirtualmachineorteamliketheresetbuttononaphysicalPC.
See ConfigurePowerOffandResetOptionsforaVirtualMachineonpage 152.
TheSnapshottoolbarcontainsthefollowingbuttons:
TakeSnapshotEnablesyoutosavethestateofavirtualmachineinthesame
manneryoumightsaveawordprocessingdocument.Youcanreturntothatstate
ifyoumakeamistakebyusingtheRevertbutton.SeeUsingSnapshotson
page 203.
RevertAllowsyoutoreturnavirtualmachinetotheparentstate,astate
previouslypreservedbytakingasnapshot.SeeUsingSnapshotsonpage 203.
ManageSnapshotsOpensthesnapshotmanager,whereyoucanviewthevirtual
machinesexistingsnapshots,reverttoasnapshot,takeanewsnapshot,andmake
aclonefromasnapshot.SeeSnapshotManagerOverviewonpage 208.
TheViewtoolbarcontainsthefollowingbuttons:
60
ShoworHideSidebarTogglesbetweenshowingandhidingthesidebar.
See ViewtheSidebaronpage 62.
QuickSwitchEnlargestheWorkstationconsoletocovertheentirehostmonitor.
Consoletabsenableyoutoswitchbetweenvirtualmachinesandteamswitha
singleclick.SeeUseQuickSwitchModeonpage 165.
FullScreenEnlargesthevirtualmachinedisplaytocovertheentirehostmonitor.
Thevirtualmachinenolongerappearsinawindow.SeeUseFullScreenMode
onpage 162.
UnityIntegratesyourfavoriteguestapplicationswithyourhostsdesktopsothat
guestapplicationwindowslookjustlikehostapplicationwindows,butwith
colorcodedborders.SeeUsingUnityModeonpage 158.
SummaryViewDisplaysthesummaryview.SeeSummaryViewonpage 56.
ApplianceViewDisplaystheapplianceview.SeeApplianceViewonpage 58.
ConsoleViewDisplaystheconsoleview.SeeConsoleViewonpage 58.
VMware, Inc.
TheReplaytoolbarcontainsthefollowingbuttons:
ReplayLastRecordingPlaysthelastrecordingmadeforthisvirtualmachine.
RecordBeginsrecordingtheactivityofthisvirtualmachine.
Forinformationabouttherecord/replayfeature,seeChapter 12,Recordingand
ReplayingVirtualMachineActivity,onpage 257.
TheACEtoolbar,whichisavailableonWindowshostsonly,containsthefollowing
buttons:
EditPoliciesOpensthepolicyeditor.
EditDeploymentSettingsOpensthedeploymentsettingseditor.
CreateNewPackageOpenstheNewPackagewizard.
CreatePocketACEPackageOpensthePocketACEPackagewizard.
PreviewinPlayerAllowsyoutorunanACEinstanceasitwillrunontheusers
machine.Usingpreviewmodealsoallowsyoutoviewtheeffectsofchanged
policiesastheywillappearontheusersmachine.
RightclickthefarrightsideofthetoolbartodisplayaToolbarmenu.
ClickPower,Snapshot,View,orReplaytoaddorremovethattoolbar.
Whenatoolbarnameischecked,thecorrespondingbuttonsappearinthe
interface.
IntheDesktopStylepartofthemenu,choosethedisplaystylefortoolbarbuttons.
VMware, Inc.
61
RightclickanypartofthetoolbartodisplayaToolbarmenu.
ClickPower,Snapshot,ACE,View,orReplaytoaddorremovethattoolbar.
Whenatoolbarischecked,itappearsintheinterface.
Tochangewhichbuttonsappearinatoolbarortheorderinwhichtheyappear,
displaythattoolbarandcontinuewiththefollowingsteps.
RightclickthePower,Snapshot,ACE,View,orReplaytoolbartoopenthe
CustomizeToolbardialogbox.
ButtonslistedunderCurrentToolbarButtonsappearinthetoolbar,intheorder
shownintheCustomizeToolbarsdialogbox.
Doanyofthefollowing:
Toaddorremoveabuttonfromthetoolbar,selectthebuttonandclickAddor
Remove.Addaseparatortodisplayaverticallinebetweenthebuttons.
Tochangetheorderofthebuttons,selectanybuttonunderCurrentToolbar
ButtonsandclickMoveUporMoveDown.
Tochangetheorderofthecurrentlydisplayedbuttonswithoutopeningthe
CustomizeToolbarwindow,holddowntheShiftkeywhileyoudragabutton
toadifferentlocationinthetoolbar.
Torestorethedefaultsetup,withallbuttonsdisplayed,clickReset.
ClickClose.
VMware, Inc.
FastaccessQuicklyaccessfrequentlyuseditems.Withyourvirtualmachines
andteamsontheFavoriteslist,youcanopenthemwithoutbrowsingthehostfile
system.Alsolikebrowserbookmarks,Favoriteslisticonscanbeorganizedin
folders,added,rearranged,ordeleted.
StatusDifferenticonsindicatethestatusofvirtualmachinesandteams.A
Favoriteslisticonindicateswhethertheteamorvirtualmachineispoweredoff,
poweredon,orsuspended.Abrown(ratherthanblue)virtualmachineicon
indicatesthatthevirtualmachineisaWorkstation4virtualmachine.
Table 3-1. Icon Status in the Favorites List
PoweredoffWorkstation5.x,6.x,or7.xvirtualmachineorfullclone.To
determinetheexactversion,usethesummaryviewsVersionfield.
Poweredoffvirtualmachinecreatedasalinkedcloneofanothervirtual
machine.
Poweredoffteamofvirtualmachines.
PoweredoffWorkstation4virtualmachine.
Poweredonindicatorcanappearforvirtualmachinesandteams.
Suspendedindicatorcanappearforvirtualmachinesandteams.
Unavailableindicatorcanappearifavirtualmachineorteamgetscorrupted
ormovedfromthelocationthatwasusedtocreatethefavoritesitem.The
indicatoralsoappearsifthevirtualmachineisalreadyopeninVMware
Playerorisopenedbyanotheruser.
VMware, Inc.
63
RightclickcommandsRightclickonaFavoritesicontodisplayamenuof
commandsyoucanuseforthatvirtualmachineorteam.Youcanclickelsewhere
intheFavoriteslist(thatis,notonavirtualmachineorteam)todisplayacontext
menufromwhichyoucanchoosetocreateanewvirtualmachine,team,orfolder.
Youcanalsoopenanexistingvirtualmachine,team,MicrosoftVirtualPCor
VirtualServervirtualmachine,StorageCraft,orSymantecBackupExecSystem
Recoverysystemimage.
RightclickFavorites(oranyitemintheFavoriteslist),andchooseNewFolder.
CompletetheNewFolderdialogboxthatappears.
(Optional)Draganddropfolderstoplaceoneinsideanother.
DraganddropFavoritesitemsinthedesiredfolder.
ChooseFile>Openandbrowsetothelocationofthevirtualmachine(.vmx file)
orteam(.vmtm file).
ClickOpen.
ChooseFile>AddtoFavorites.
64
ClickanameintheFavoriteslisttoselectit.
ChooseFile>RemovefromFavorites.
VMware, Inc.
RightclicktheFavoritesitemtorename.
ChooseRenamefromthecontextmenu.
TypethenewnamefortheitemandpressEnter.
Powered On List
Thislistinthesidebarenablesyoutofindoutwhichvirtualmachinesorteamsare
currentlypoweredon.RightclickitemsinthePoweredOnlisttodisplayamenuof
commandsyoucanuseforthatvirtualmachineorteam.
(Optional)Tocheckforupdatesimmediately,chooseHelp>CheckforUpdateson
theWeb.
ToconfigureWorkstationtoperiodicallycheckforupdates,chooseEdit>
Preferences>Updates.
IntheSoftwareupdatessection,selectCheckfornewversionofVMware
WorkstationonstartupandclickOK.
VMware, Inc.
65
TouseaninstallationCDorDVDfortheoperatingsystem,ratherthananISO
imagefile,inserttheCDorDVDinthehostCDROMdrive.
StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 53orStart
WorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 54.
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine.
OntheWelcomepage,selectTypicalandclickNext.
OntheGuestOperatingsystemInstallationpage,selectInstallerdiscorInstaller
discimagefile,asappropriate,andclickNext.
CompletethefieldsontheEasyInstallInformationpage.
Specifyingapasswordisoptional.OnWindows,thepasswordyouenterhereis
usedforanaccountwithAdministratorpermissions.OnWindows2000,the
passwordisusedfortheAdministratoraccount.
Acceptthedefaultsontherestofthewizardpages.
ThevirtualmachineiscreatedanditsnameisaddedtotheFavoriteslist.
66
VMware, Inc.
Theconsoleviewforthevirtualmachineappears.Soonthebootdevice(suchasthe
CDROM)isdetectedandinstallationoftheoperatingsystembegins.
OnWindows2000guests,ifyouenteredapasswordwhencompletingtheNewVirtual
Machinewizard,thenwhentheoperatingsystemstartsup,itmightpromptyouto
enteranAdministratorpassword.Usethepasswordthatyoucreatedwhencompleting
theNewVirtualMachinewizard.
Afterinstallationisfinished,VMwareToolsisautomaticallyinstalled.
Nowthatyouhaveavirtualmachinewithaguestoperatingsysteminstalled,youcan
refertoitasyoureadtherestofthetopicsinthischapter.
WorkspacetabLetsyouconfigurethefollowingsettings:
LocationsectionLetsyouchangethedirectoryinwhichnewlycreated
virtualmachinesarestored.SeeVirtualMachineLocationonpage 83and
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 97.
VirtualMachinessectionSeveraloftheseoptionshavetodowithexiting
Workstationwhileleavingsomevirtualmachinespoweredon.SeeClosing
VirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 71.Forinformationabout
enablingsharedfolders,seeSetUpSharedFoldersonpage 191.
InputtabLetsyouadjustthewaythevirtualmachinecapturescontrolof
keyboardandmouse.Forexample,bydefaultthevirtualmachinegrabskeyboard
andmouseinputwhenyouclickinthevirtualmachinewindow.
VMware, Inc.
67
HotKeystabLetsyouspecifythekeycombinationthatisusedwithhotkey
sequencesforallyourvirtualmachines.Usehotkeycombinationstoenterand
leavefullscreenmode,ungrabmouseandkeyboardinput,andsoon.See
KeyboardShortcutsonpage 72.
DisplaytabLetsyouadjustthemannerinwhichtheconsoleandthehostdisplay
accommodateadifferentguestoperatingsystemdisplayresolution.
AlsoseeFittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplayon
page 169andUseFullScreenModeonpage 162.
MemorytabFordetailsonadjustingmemorysettingsinWorkstation,clickHelp
onthistab.OnLinux,youmustberunningWorkstationasrootinordertochange
thesesettings.
PrioritytabForinformationaboutthesnapshotsettingsonthistab,seeEnable
orDisableBackgroundSnapshotsonpage 206.OnLinux,youmustberunning
Workstationasrootinordertochangethissetting.
ForinformationabouttheprocessprioritysettingsavailableonWindowshosts,
clickHelponthistab.
UpdatestabLetsyouspecifywhethertoautomaticallyupdateVMwareTools
anddownloadothercomponentsonWindowsandLinuxguestsystemswhena
newversionbecomesavailable.OnLinuxhosts,youmustberunningWorkstation
asrootinordertochangethesesettings.
VMwareToolsisasuiteofutilitiesthatenhancestheperformanceofthevirtual
machinesguestoperatingsystemandimprovesmanagementofthevirtual
machine.SeeChapter 5,InstallingandUsingVMwareTools,onpage 101.
Devicestab(Windowshostsonly)Bydefault,theAutorunfeatureonthehostis
disabled.Therefore,whenyouinsertaCDorDVDintheCD/DVDROMdrive,
theAutorunfeatureisnotavailable.YoucanopentheCDorDVDonthehost
usingWindowsExplorer.
Inadditiontothecrossreferencesmentionedinthislist,moreinformationaboutthe
settingsoneachtabisavailableintheWorkstationonlinehelp.ClickHelpinthe
Preferencesdialogbox.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplyonlytotheusercurrentlyloggedontothehost
computer:Workspacetab,Inputtab,HotKeystab,Prioritytab,andToolstab.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplynomatterwhichvirtualmachineisrunningor
whichuserisloggedontothehostcomputer:Displaytab,Memorytab,andDevices
tab.
68
VMware, Inc.
Hardware Tab
UsetheHardwaretabtoadd,remove,andconfigurevirtualdevicesfortheselected
virtualmachine.
Figure 3-6. Virtual Machine Settings Hardware Tab
memory
device
Help button
VMware, Inc.
69
WhenyouselectanitemintheHardwarelist,theoptionsthatcorrespondtotheitem
appearontherightsideofthedialogbox.Forexample,inFigure 36,memoryoptions
appearbecausetheMemoryitemisselected.
TopicsandchaptersrelatedtoeachofthevirtualdevicesintheHardwarelistare
providedlaterinthismanual.Todisplayonlinehelpforanitemyouselectinthe
Hardwarelist,clickHelp.
Options Tab
TheOptionstabletsyouadjustcharacteristicsoftheselectedvirtualmachine:
70
Manyoptionscontrolinteractionsbetweenthehostandtheguestoperating
system,suchashowfolderscanbeshared,howfilesaretransferred,andwhat
happenstoaguestoperatingsystemwhenyouexitWorkstation.
SomeoptionsletyouoverridesimilarPreferencesdialogboxoptions,whichare
globalpreferencessetforallvirtualmachines.Forexample,youcanusethe
AdvancedoptiontooverridetheprocessprioritiessetonthePrioritytabinthe
Preferencesdialogbox.
Someoptionsletyouchangesettingsyoumightinitiallymakewhenrunningthe
NewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtualmachine.Forexample,youcanuse
theGeneraloptionstochangethenameofthevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
General
options
ThesettingsforthevirtualmachineOptionstabarediscussedlaterinthismanual,in
thetaskspecifictopicsandprocedureswhereyouwouldusethem.Todisplayonline
helpforanitemyouselectintheOptionslist,clickHelp.
Continuerunningthevirtualmachineinthebackground.Ifavirtualmachine
continuesrunningafteryouexitWorkstation,youcanstillinteractwithitthrough
virtualnetworkcomputing(VNC)orsomeotherservice.
Suspendthevirtualmachine.Thesuspendoperationsavesthestateofthevirtual
machine.SeeUsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 201.
Powerthevirtualmachineoff.Ifyouconfiguredthepoweroperationtodoasoft
poweroff,aVMwareToolsscriptrunsinordertocleanlyshutdowntheguest
operatingsystembeforepoweringoff.SeeConfigurePowerOffandReset
OptionsforaVirtualMachineonpage 152.
VMware, Inc.
71
ToavoidreceivingaprompteverytimeyouexitWorkstationorcloseavirtualmachine
orteam,setapreferenceforvirtualmachinestoalwaysruninthebackgroundwhen
youexit.
ClickRuninBackgroundatthepromptwhenyouclosethevirtualmachineorexit
Workstation.
SetaWorkstationpreference:
a
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,selectKeepVMsrunningafterWorkstationcloses
andclickOK.
WhenyoucloseataborexitWorkstation,younolongerreceiveaprompt.
Keyboard Shortcuts
YoucanusekeyboardshortcutstointeractwithWorkstationandwithvirtual
machines.MostoftheavailablekeyboardshortcutsforWorkstationarelistednextto
theirassociatedcommandsinWorkstationmenus.
Hotkeys,orkeyboardshortcutsforinteractionswithvirtualmachines,areshownin
Table 32.Hotkeycombinationscanbeusedtodothefollowing:
72
Switchbetweenvirtualmachines
Enterandexitfullscreenmode
Ungrabinput
SendCtrl+Alt+Deltothevirtualmachineonly(andnottothehost)
Sendcommandstothevirtualmachineonly(andnottothehost)
VMware, Inc.
Bydefault,mosthotkeycombinationsincludeCtrl+Alt,butyoucanchangethis
combination.SeeChangetheHotKeyCombinationonpage 74.
IfyouchangethePreferencessettingforthehotkeycombination,substituteyournew
settingforCtrl+AltasneededintheshortcutslistedinTable 32.Forexample,ifyou
changethehotkeycombinationtoCtrl+Shift+Alt,youmustpress
Ctrl+Shift+Alt+spacebartohaveWorkstationnotprocessacommand.
Table 3-2. Hot-Key Combinations
Shortcut
Action
Ctrl+G
Grabinputfromkeyboardandmouse.
Ctrl+Alt
Releasethemousecursor.Ifthevirtualmachineisinthetypeoffull
screenmodecalledexclusivemode,pressingCtrl+Altchangesthevirtual
machinefromexclusivemodetowindowedmode.
Ctrl+Alt+Insert
Shutsdownor(dependingupontheguestoperatingsystem)logsoutof
theguest.Thiscommandisreceivedsolelybythevirtualmachine.
Note:ForthisandallshortcutsthatincludeCtrl+Alt,changingthe
hotkeycombinationchangesthesequenceyouneedtouse.Forinstance,
ifyouchangethehotkeycombinationtoCtrl+Shift+Alt,youmustpress
Ctrl+Shift+Alt+Inserttoendtheguestoperatingsystemsession.
Ctrl+Alt+Delete
Shutsdownor(dependingupontheoperatingsystem)logsoutofthe
guestoperatingsystem.
OnWindowshosts,ifyouarenotusingtheenhancedvirtualkeyboard
feature,thiscommandisreceivedbyboththehostoperatingsystemand
thevirtualmachine,evenwhenWorkstationhascontrolofinput.Youcan
canceltheendingofthehostoperatingsystemssessionandreturntothe
virtualmachinetologoutorshutdownorperformadministrativetasks.
Ctrl+Alt+spacebar
SendsanycommandtothevirtualmachinesothatWorkstationdoesnot
processit.HolddownCtrl+Altasyoupressandreleasethespacebar,and
continuetoholdtheCtrl+Altkeysdownasyoupressthenextkeyinthe
combination.
Ctrl+Alt+Tab
Switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouseandkeyboardinput
aregrabbed.
Ctrl+Tab
OnWindowshosts,switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouse
andkeyboardinputarenotgrabbed.Workstationmustbetheactive
application.
Ctrl+Shift+Tab
Ctrl+Alt+right
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothenextpoweredonvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+Alt+left
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothepreviouspoweredonvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+Shift+U
InUnitymode,givesaccesstothevirtualmachineStartorApplications
menu.
VMware, Inc.
73
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheHotKeystab.
Usethefollowinginformationtohelpyouchooseakeycombination:
CustomkeycombinationsinvolveusingacombinationoftheCtrl,Shift,Alt,and
Windowskeys.TheWindowskeyisthekeybetweentheCtrlandAltkeysonyour
keyboard.Themodifiersforthecustomcombinationare:
DownThekeymustbepressedtousethehotkeysequence.
UpThekeymustnotbepressedtousethehotkeysequence.
EitherThekeycanbeupordown.Thismodifierisusefultoallowusersa
varietyofkeystrokestoleavefullscreenmode.Forexample,selectingEither
fortheShiftkeymeansthatbothCtrl+Alt+EnterandCtrl+Shift+Alt+Enter
causeWorkstationtoexitfullscreenmode.
IfyouselectEitherforallofthekeys(Ctrl,Alt,Shift,andWin)inthecustom
combination,youcanusetheEsckeytoreleasethecursor.
74
(Optional)TosetahotkeypreferencefortheUnityapplicationmenu,enteryour
customkeycombinationintheUnityapplicationsmenuhotkeyfield,orusethe
defaultcombinationCtrl+Shift+U.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseHelp>VMwareontheWeb>Register
Now!
FollowtheinstructionsontheWebsite.
Toreportproblems,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseHelp>VMwareon
theWeb>RequestSupport.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredofforsuspended.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheOptionstab,selectAdvanced.
VMware, Inc.
75
SelectfromtheGatherdebugginginformationdropdownmenuortheLog
virtualmachineprogressperiodicallycheckbox,asdirectedbyVMwaretechnical
support.
Usingfulldebuggingmodeandloggingprogressperiodicallycauseadecreasein
performance.
IntheFilelocationssection,notethedirectorypathtothelogfile.
Toviewthecompletepath,clickinthereadonlytextboxandusetherightarrow
keytoscrollthroughthepath.
ClickOK.
OnWindowsXPis
C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\Local Settings\Temp\vmware-supp
ort\
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7is
C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\Temp\vmware-support\
OnLinuxhosts,thescriptcreatesacompressed.TGZfileintheusershomedirectory.
Becausethescriptisnotrunasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessagesindicatingthatit
cannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMwaresupportteamneeds
thatinformation,asupportrepresentativeasksyoutorunthescriptfromthecommand
lineasroot.Forinstructions,seeRuntheSupportScriptfromaLinuxTerminal
Windowonpage 78.
76
VMware, Inc.
Beforeyoubegin,createasupportrequest.SeeRegisterandCreateaSupport
Requestonpage 75.Increasetheleveloflogging,asdescribedinGatherDebugging
InformationforaVirtualMachineonpage 75.MakesurethatthelatestVMwareTools
isinstalledinthevirtualmachinestocollectsupportdatafromtheguestandthatthe
virtualmachinesarepoweredon.
To run the support script from the Workstation user interface
1
SelectHelp>CollectSupportData.
AdialogboxdisplaysallyouropenWorkstationvirtualmachines.
Checktheboxesforthevirtualmachinestocollectsupportdatafromandselect
Collect.
IfyouselectCollectwithnovirtualmachinesselected,thesupportcollection
scriptcollectsdataonlyfromyourhostmachine.
IfyouselectacheckboxforavirtualmachineandselectCollect,thesupport
collectionscriptcollectsthecurrentdatafromtheyourguestandhost
machines.
ThevirtualmachinemustbepoweredonandhavethelatestVMwareTools
running.VMwarerecommendsthatyouusethisoptiontocollectthecurrent
dataforyourguestmachine.
Addthe.ZIPor.TGZdatafiletoyoursupportrequest.
Openacommandprompt.
ChangetotheVMwareWorkstationprogramdirectory:
C:
cd \Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation
Ifyoudidnotinstalltheprograminthedefaultdirectory,usetheappropriatedrive
letterandpathinthecdcommandabove.
VMware, Inc.
77
Runthesupportscript:
cscript vm-support.vbs
Afterthescriptruns,itdisplaysthenameofthedirectorywhereithasstoredits
output.
4
UseafilecompressionutilitysuchasWinZiporPKZIPtozipthescriptoutput
directory,andincludethezipfilewithyoursupportrequest.
IfyouarereportingaproblemyouencounteredwhileinstallingVMware
Workstation,alsoincludetheinstallationlogfile.
OnaWindowshost,thefileisVMInst.log.ItissavedintheTempfolder.Ona
WindowsXPorWindowsServer2003host,thedefaultlocationisC:\Documents
and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Temp.
Youcanusethecommandcd %temp%tolocatetheLocal Settingsfolder,which
ishiddenbydefault.Toseeitscontents,openMyComputer,gotoTools>Folder
Options,clicktheViewtabandselectShowHiddenFilesandFolders.
Openaterminalwindow.
Runthesupportscriptastheuserwhoisrunningthevirtualmachine:
vm-support
Ifyouarenotrunningthescriptasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessagesindicating
thatitcannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMwaresupport
teamneedsthatinformation,asupportrepresentativewillaskyoutorunthescript
againasroot.
Thescriptcreatesacompressed.TGZfileintheusershomedirectory.
3
Includethatoutputfilewithyoursupportrequest.
IfyouarereportingaproblemyouencounteredwhileinstallingWorkstation,also
includetheinstallationlogfile.
78
VMware, Inc.
ThischapterdescribeshowtocreateavirtualmachinebyusingtheNewVirtual
Machinewizard.Italsoprovidesgeneralinformationaboutinstallingguestoperating
systems.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
MethodsofCreatingVirtualMachinesonpage 79
ConfigurationOptionsfortheNewVirtualMachineWizardonpage 80
UsetheNewVirtualMachineWizardonpage 89
InstallingaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 89
UpgradeaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 94
ChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgradingonpage 96
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 97
Createavirtualmachine.
Ifyoudonothaveanyvirtualmachinesorsystemimages,youmustusethis
method.UsetheNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtualmachine.Next,
youmustinstallanoperatingsystem.Theprocessisthesameasinstallingitona
physicalcomputer.
Therestofthischapterdescribesthismethodofcreatingavirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
79
CloneavirtualmachinefromanexistingVMwarevirtualmachineorvirtual
machinetemplate.
Clonesareusefulwhenyoumustdeploymanyidenticalvirtualmachinestoa
group.CloningispreferabletocopyingavirtualmachinebecauseaclonesMAC
addressandUUIDaredifferentfromtheoriginalvirtualmachine,toavoid
networkconflicts.UsetheCloneVirtualMachinewizardtocreateaclone.
SeeCloningaVirtualMachineonpage 219.
OnWindowshosts,convertaphysicalmachine,virtualmachine,orsystemimage
thatwascreatedbyusinganotherVMwareproductorathirdpartyproduct.
Thisprocesscreatesacloneoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorsystemimage.Use
theConversionwizardtoconvertaphysicalorvirtualmachineorasystemimage.
SeeChapter 6,CreatingaVirtualMachinefromaSystemImageorAnother
VirtualMachine,onpage 133.
WindowsVista,Windows7,WindowsXP,andWindows2000
WindowsServer2008,WindowsServer2003,andWindows2000Server
OnLinuxguests,theeasyinstallfeatureisavailableforthefollowingoperating
systems:
80
Ubuntu7.10andlater
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3through5
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouspecifyaninstallerdisc(DVDorCD)orISOimagefileandifthewizarddetects
anoperatingsystemthatsupportstheeasyinstallfeature,youarepromptedtosupply
thefollowinginformation:
ForWindowsguests:
(Optional)WindowsproductkeyIfyouspecifyaproductkey,youarenot
promptedforitlater,duringinstallationoftheoperatingsystem.Entera
productkeyunlesstheinstallationmediaalreadycontainsavolumelicense
productkey.
FullnameThisnameisusedforregisteringtheoperatingsystem.Donotuse
thenameAdministratororGuest.Ifyouuseoneofthesenames,youwill
receiveanerrormessageduringinstallationoftheoperatingsystemandbe
promptedtoenteradifferentname.
(Optional)PasswordOnWindowsoperatingsystemsotherthanWindows
2000,thepasswordyouenterhereisusedforanaccountwithAdministrator
permissions.OnWindows2000,thepasswordyouenterhereisusedforthe
Administratoraccount.
ForLinuxguests:
FullnameThisnameisusedforregisteringtheoperatingsystem,if
registrationisrequired.Thefirstnameisusedasthehostnameforthevirtual
machine.
UsernameYoucanuselowercaselettersandnumbers,withnospaces.Do
notusethenameroot.Someoperatingsystemssetupsudoaccessforthisuser,
andsomerequirethisusertousesutogetrootprivileges.
PasswordThepasswordyouenterhereisusedforboththeusernameyou
supplyandtherootuser.
ThisfeaturealsoinstallsVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystem.Formore
informationaboutVMwareTools,seeComponentsofVMwareToolsonpage 101.
IfyouplantouseaCD,DVD,orISOimagethatcontainsaproductkeynumberandis
alreadysetuptoperformanunattendedinstallation,theonlybenefityougainbyusing
theeasyinstallfeatureistheautomaticinstallationofVMwareTools.
VMware, Inc.
81
Mediumforinstallingtheguestoperatingsystem(CD,imagefile,orneither)
Guestoperatingsystem
Virtualmachinenameandthelocationofthevirtualmachinefiles
Sizeofthevirtualdiskandwhethertosplitthediskinto2GBfiles
Hardwarecustomization,foradvancedusers
Youarenotpromptedtospecifythevirtualmachineversion.Thevirtualmachine
version(Workstation5.x,6.x,or7.0)isassumedtobetheonespecifiedinthe
preferenceseditor.FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences,andsee
thesettingforDefaulthardwarecompatibility.
Onthelastpageofthewizard,youcanclickCustomizeHardwaretochangethe
defaultsformemoryallocation,numberofvirtualCPUs,networkconnectiontype,and
soon.
Manycircumstancesrequireyoutoselectacustominstallation.SelectCustomifyou
wanttodoanyofthefollowing:
82
Makeadifferentversionofvirtualmachinethanwhatisspecifiedinthe
preferenceseditor.
SpecifytheI/OadaptertypeforSCSIadapters:BusLogic,LSILogic,or
LSI Logic SAS.
SpecifywhetheryouwanttocreateanIDEoraSCSIvirtualdisk,regardlessofthe
defaultthatisusuallyusedfortheguestoperatingsystem.
Useaphysicaldiskratherthanavirtualdisk(forexpertusers).
Useanexistingvirtualdiskratherthancreateavirtualdisk.
Placethevirtualdiskfileinalocationotherthanthevirtualmachinedirectory.
Allocateallvirtualdiskspaceratherthanallowingthediskspacetogradually
growtothemaximum.
VMware, Inc.
Selectappropriatedefaultvalues,suchastheamountofmemorytoallocate.
Namefilesassociatedwiththevirtualmachine.
Adjustsettingsforoptimalperformance.
Workaroundspecialbehaviorsandbugswithinaguestoperatingsystem.
Iftheoperatingsystemyouplantouseisnotlisted,selectOtherforbothguest
operatingsystemandversion.
Forsomeoperatingsystems,theoperatingsystemandVMwareToolsareinstalled
automaticallyafterthevirtualmachineiscreated.SeeEasyInstallFeatureforSome
GuestOperatingSystemsonpage 80.
NOTEWorkstationsupports64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyinWorkstation
versions5.5andlater,andonlyonhostmachineswithsupportedprocessors.Forthe
listofprocessorsWorkstationsupportsfor64bitguestoperatingsystems,seePC
Hardwareonpage 23.
OnWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003hosts,thedefaultfolderforaWindows
XPProfessionalvirtualmachineis:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\<guestOSname>
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,thedefaultfolderis:
C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Virtual Machines\<guestOSname>
OnLinuxhosts,thedefaultlocationforaWindowsXPProfessionalvirtual
machineis:
<homedir>/vmware/<guestOSname>
The<homedir>valueisthehomedirectoryoftheuserwhoiscurrentlyloggedin.
VMware, Inc.
83
Virtualmachineperformancemightbeslowerifyourvirtualharddiskisonanetwork
drive.Forbestperformance,besurethevirtualmachinesfolderisonalocaldrive.
However,ifotherusersneedtoaccessthisvirtualmachine,considerplacingthevirtual
machinefilesinalocationthatisaccessibletothem.SeeSharingVirtualMachines
withOtherUsersonpage 227.
NOTEIfyouplantodeploythevirtualmachineonaUSBdrive,first,createthevirtual
machineonyourlocalharddisk.YoucanthenusePocketACEfeaturestodeploythe
virtualmachine.
Forinformationaboutthefilesstoredinthevirtualmachinefolder,seeFilesThat
MakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 97.
Number of Processors
Thisoptionisavailableforcustomconfigurationsonly.Settingthevirtualmachineto
havemultiplevirtualCPUs(uptofourforVMwareWorkstation7)issupportedonly
forhostmachineswithatleasttwologicalprocessors.(IfyouarecreatingaWorkstation
4virtualmachine,youdonotseethispanel.)
Thefollowingareallconsideredtohavetwologicalprocessors:
84
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
AsingleprocessorhostwithadualcoreCPU
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoCPUs,regardlessofwhethertheyaredualcoreor
havehyperthreadingenabled
VMware, Inc.
Memory Allocation
ThisoptionisavailableforcustomconfigurationsorifyouclickCustomizeHardware
onthelastpageoftheNewVirtualMachinewizard.
Acolorcodediconcorrespondstoeachvalue.Touseoneoftheseamounts,movethe
slidertothecorrespondingicon.Thehighendoftherangethatappearsisdetermined
bytheamountofmemoryallocatedtoallrunningvirtualmachines.Ifyouallowvirtual
machinememorytobeswapped,thisvaluechangestoreflecttheamountofswapping
thatwasspecified.Tochangetheamountofmemoryavailabletoallvirtualmachines,
usetheWorkstationpreferenceseditor(Edit>Preferences).
BridgednetworkingIfyourhostcomputerisonanetworkandyouhavea
separateIPaddressforyourvirtualmachine(orcangetoneautomaticallyfroma
DHCPserver),selectBridged.Othercomputersonthenetworkcanthen
communicatedirectlywiththevirtualmachine.
NAT(NetworkAddressTranslation)IfyoudonothaveaseparateIPaddressfor
yourvirtualmachinebutyouwanttobeabletoconnecttotheInternet,selectNAT.
Thevirtualmachineandthehostshareasinglenetworkidentitythatisnotvisible
outsidethenetwork.
HostonlyHostonlynetworkingprovidesanetworkconnectionbetweenthe
virtualmachineandthehostcomputer,usingavirtualnetworkadapterthatis
visibletothehostoperatingsystem.Withhostonlynetworking,thevirtual
machinecancommunicateonlywiththehostandothervirtualmachinesinthe
hostonlynetwork.SelectHostonlytosetupanisolatedvirtualnetwork.
SeeCommonNetworkingConfigurationsonpage 286.
VMware, Inc.
85
Disk Types
Thisoptionisavailableforcustomconfigurationsonly.Therecommendeddiskforyour
guestoperatingsystemisalreadyselectedbydefault.
OnLinuxhosts,andintheAddHardwarewizard,youcanselectadiskmodeonthe
SelectaDiskTypepage.SeeNormalandIndependentDiskModesonpage 87.
86
VMware, Inc.
VMware, Inc.
87
Disk Capacity
Thewizardpromptsyoutosetasizebetween0.1GBand950GBforavirtualdisk.
On Windowshosts,thePocketACEsizecalculatorcontrolcanhelpdeterminethedisk
sizeforanACEinstancethatfitsonaportabledevice.
SelecttheoptionSplitvirtualdiskinto2GBfilesifyourvirtualdiskisstoredonafile
systemthatdoesnotsupportfileslargerthan2GB.
Forcustomconfigurations,youarealsogiventheoptionAllocatealldiskspacenow.
VMwarerecommendsthatyouallowthedisktogrow.Allocatingalldiskspacenow
givessomewhatbetterperformance,butitisatimeconsumingoperation.Alsoit
requiresasmuchphysicaldiskspaceasyouspecifyforthevirtualdisk.Ifyouallocate
allthediskspacenow,youcannotusetheshrinkdiskfeaturelater.
88
VMware, Inc.
IfyouplantouseaninstallationCDorDVDforinstallingtheguestoperating
system,inserttheCDorDVDinthehostsCDROMdrive.
IfyouplantouseanISOimagefile,makesurethefileisaccessibletothehost.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>New>VirtualMachine.
Followtheprompts.
Formoreinformationaboutthefieldsonawizardpage,clickHelponthatpage.
Afterthewizardcreatesthevirtualmachine,thenextstepisinstallingtheguest
operatingsystem.SeeInstallingaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 89.
Ifyouspecifiedaninstallerdiscorimage(.iso)fileandifthewizarddetectedan
operatingsystemthatsupportstheeasyinstallfeature,installationisautomated.
AnunattendedinstallationoftheoperatingsystemandVMwareToolsbegins
whenthevirtualmachineispoweredon.
Theinstallationprocessusuallyrunswithoutrequiringinputfromyou.
See RespondtoEasyInstallPromptsonpage 90.
VMware, Inc.
Ifyoudidnotusetheeasyinstallfeature,seeInstallaGuestOperatingSystem
Manuallyonpage 91.
89
HardwareassistedvirtualizationmustbeenabledfortheESX4.0andESXi4.0
guests.ThehostsystemmusthaveIntelEM64TprocessorswithVTxorAMD64
Family10HandlaterprocessorswithAMDV.Whereapplicable,VTxorAMDV
mustbeenabledintheBIOS(orotherfirmware).PoweroffandrestartIntelhosts
afterchangingtheBIOSsettingstoenablehardwarevirtualization.
ESX4.0guestsmustbeconfiguredwithtwoormorecores.VMwarerecommends
thatthehostsystemshouldhaveatleastasmanycoresastheguest.
Only32bitguestsmaybeinstalledtorunasnestedvirtualmachinesinsideanESX
guest.Thesevirtualmachinescanonlybeconfiguredtousebinarytranslation.
VMwareToolsarenotavailableforESX4.0orESXi4.0guests.Donotinstallthe
LinuxversionofVMwareToolsinanESXguest.
ForinstructionsonhowtosetthevirtualEthernetadapteronaLinuxhosttorun
inpromiscuousmode,seetheVMwareknowledgebasearticle287availableonthe
VMwareWebsite.
FormoreinformationonhowtoconfigureESX4.0andESXi4.0,seetheVMware
vSpheredocumentationsetavailableontheVMwareWebsite.
90
Ifyouarepromptedtosupplyaproductkey,username,orpassword,dothe
following:
a
Clickinthevirtualmachinewindowtoallowmouseandkeyboardinputto
begrabbedbythevirtualmachine.
Typeintherequiredinformation.
VMware, Inc.
IfyouareusingCDsorDVDsandarepromptedtoinsertthenextCDorDVD,use
theCDorDVDdriveattachedtothehost.
Ifyouareusingimagefilesandarepromptedtoinsertthenextdisc,dothe
following:
OnWindowshosts,clickChangeDisk,browsetotheimagefileforthenext
CD,andclickOK.
OnLinuxhosts,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Removable
Devices>CD/DVD,browsetotheimagefileforthenextCD,checkthe
Connectedoption,andclickSave.
Forguestoperatingsystemsupport,knownissues,andinstallationinstructions,
seetheonlineVMwareCompatibilityGuide.GototheVMwareWebsiteandselect
Resources>CompatibilityGuides,andclicktheViewtheGuest/HostOStabon
theVMwareCompatibilityGuideWebsitelink.
ForinformationaboutinstallingaLinuxoperatingsystemthathasaVMwareVMI
(VirtualMachineInterface)enabledkernelintheguestoperatingsystem,seeUse
aParavirtualizedKernelinLinuxGuestsonpage 93.
Anewvirtualmachineislikeaphysicalcomputerwithablankharddisk.Beforeyou
canuseit,youneedtopartitionandformatthevirtualdiskandinstallanoperating
system.Theoperatingsystemsinstallationprogrammighthandlethepartitioningand
formattingstepsforyou.
Installingaguestoperatingsysteminsideavirtualmachineisessentiallythesameas
installingitonaphysicalcomputer.
NOTEWorkstationsupports64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyinWorkstation 5.5
andhigher,andonlyonhostmachineswithsupportedprocessors.Forthelistof
processorsWorkstationsupportsfor64bitguestoperatingsystems,seePC
Hardwareonpage 23.
VMware, Inc.
91
StartWorkstation.
Dooneofthefollowingsothatthevirtualmachinecanaccesstheinstallation
mediafortheguestoperatingsystem:
ForaCDorDVD,ifnecessary,configurethevirtualmachinetousethehosts
CDROM/DVDdrive,andinserttheoperatingsystemmediainthedrive.
Insomehostconfigurations,thevirtualmachinecannotbootfromthe
installationCDROM.YoucanworkaroundthatproblembycreatinganISO
imagefilefromtheinstallationCDROM.Usethevirtualmachinesettings
editor(chooseVM>Settings)toconnectthevirtualmachinesCDdrivetothe
ISOimagefile,andpoweronthevirtualmachine.
ForanISOimage,connecttheCDROMdrivetoanISOimagefileofan
installationdisk.
TouseaPXEservertoinstalltheguestoperatingsystemoveranetwork
connection,youdonotneedtheoperatingsysteminstallationmedia.Whenyou
poweronthevirtualmachine,thevirtualmachinedetectsthePXEserver.
3
ClickthePowerOnbutton.
Followtheinstructionsprovidedbytheoperatingsystemvendor.
IftheoperatingsystemspansseveralCDs,followthesestepswhenyouare
promptedtoinsertthesecondCD:
a
DisconnectfromthecurrentimagebychoosingVM>RemovableDevices>
CDROM>Disconnect.
EdittheCDsettingsbychoosingVM>RemovableDevices>CDROM>
Edit.
ForUseISOimagefile,clickBrowse,andselecttheISOimageforthesecond
CD.
IntheDeviceStatusarea,selecttheConnectedcheckboxandclickOK.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,clickOKorrespondtothepromptsothat
installationcancontinue.
RepeatthisprocessforadditionalCDs.
Aftertheguestoperatingsystemisinstalled,youcanusethestandardtoolswithinthe
operatingsystemtoconfigureitssettings.VMwarerecommendsthatyouinstall
VMwareToolsbeforeyouactivatethelicensefortheoperatingsystem.SeeInstalling
VMwareToolsonpage 104.
92
VMware, Inc.
UsetheNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreatevirtualmachineforoneofthe
supported32bitguestoperatingsystems.
Afteryoufinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,enableparavirtualkernelsupport,as
follows:
VMware, Inc.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectProcessors,andintheExecutionModesection,
selecttheVMwarekernelparavirtualizationcheckbox.
93
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab.
OntheGeneralsettingspanel,intheVersionfield,selecttheversiontowhichyou
plantoupgradeandclickOK.
Thesettingyouspecifyhereiswrittentothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile.
Thissettingdoesnotactuallychangetheguestoperatingsystemitself.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Toupgradetheguestoperatingsystem,followtheupgradeinstructionsprovided
bytheoperatingsystemvendor.
94
VMware, Inc.
Considerthefollowingwhenchangingthevirtualhardwareversionofavirtual
machine:
ForWorkstation4,5.x,6,6.5and7.0virtualmachines,youcanchangetheversion
oftheoriginalvirtualmachineorcreateafullclone,sothattheoriginalremains
unaltered.ForWorkstation4virtualmachines,Workstationchangestheoriginal
virtualmachine.
IfyouupgradeaWorkstation4or5.xvirtualmachinethatiscompatiblewith
ESX ServertoWorkstation6,6.5,or7.0youcannotusetheChangeVersionwizard
tolaterdowngradeitagaintoanESXcompatiblevirtualmachine.
OnWindowshosts,however,youcanusetheConversionwizard(chooseFile>
Import)toperformsuchadowngrade.
WhenyouupgradeaWindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,WindowsVista,or
Windows7virtualmachine,theMicrosoftproductactivationfeaturemight
requireyoutoreactivatetheguestoperatingsystem.
Makebackupcopiesofthevirtualdisks(.vmdkfiles).
IfyouareupgradingfromaWorkstation4or5.xvirtualmachine,ordowngrading
toaWorkstation4or5.xvirtualmachine,makeanoteoftheNICsettingsinthe
guest.
Specifically,ifyouspecifiedastaticIPaddressforthisvirtualmachine,afterthe
upgrade,thatsettingmightbechangedtoautomaticassignmentbyDHCP.
TochecktheNICsettings,usethemethodappropriateforyouroperatingsystem.
Forexample,onWindowsXP,youcanusetheControlPanelsNetwork
ConnectionsitemtofindinformationabouttheTCP/IPaddressforthevirtual
machine.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Followtheprompts.
Whenyouselectahardwarecompatibilityversion,youseealistoftheVMware
productsthatarecompatiblewiththatversion.IfyouselectWorkstation4,5,or6
youalsoseealistofWorkstation6.5and7.0featuresthatarenotsupportedforthat
version.
VMware, Inc.
95
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
IfyouupgradeavirtualmachinethatcontainsaWindows98operatingsystemto
aWorkstation6.5or7.0virtualmachine,youarepromptedtoinstallaPCIPCI
bridgedriverwhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine.BecauseWorkstation6.5
and7.0has32morePCIPCIbridgesthanWorkstation6,youmightneedto
respondtotheprompt32or33times.
Ifapplicable,intheguestoperatingsystem,checktheNICsettingsandadjustthem
iftheychanged,asdescribedinStep 2.
IfthevirtualmachinedoesnothavethelatestversionofVMwareToolsinstalled,
updateVMwareTools.
Evenif,forexample,youupgradedaWorkstation5.xvirtualmachineto
Workstation6.xratherthan7.0,besuretoupdateVMwareToolstotheversion
includedwithWorkstation7.0.SeeVMwareToolsUpdateProcessonpage 115.
DonotremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenew
version.
Ifyouareupgradingavirtualmachinethatrunsfromaphysical(raw)disk,you
cansafelyignorethemessage,Unable to upgrade <drive_name>. One of the
supplied parameters is invalid.ClickOK.
96
Version of Workstation
4.x
5.x
6.x
7.0
VMware, Inc.
YoucanrunolderversionsofvirtualmachinesinWorkstation7.0,butyouwillnothave
thebenefitsofthenewfeaturesofWorkstation7.0.
FormoreinformationaboutcompatibilitybetweenVMwareproducts,seethe
VMware VirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuide.
Ifyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachine,youstillneedtoupgradeVMwareTools
tothenewversion.Followtheinstructionsforyourguestoperatingsystemin
VMwareToolsUpdateProcessonpage 115.Donotremovetheolderversionof
VMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
File Name
Description
<vmname>.log
ThelogfileofkeyWorkstationactivity.Thisfileis
usefulfortroubleshooting.Thisfileisstoredinthe
directorythatholdstheconfiguration(.vmx)fileof
thevirtualmachine.
or
vmware.log
.nvram
<vmname>.nvram
or
TheNVRAMfile,whichstoresthestateofthevirtual
machinesBIOS.
nvram
VMware, Inc.
97
File Name
Description
.vmdk
<vmname>.vmdk
VMDKfiles,whichstorethecontentsofthevirtual
machinesharddiskdrive.
Avirtualdiskismadeupofoneormorevirtualdisk
(.vmdk)files.Thevirtualmachinesettingseditor
showsthenameofthefirstfileintheset.Thisfile
containspointerstotheotherfilesintheset.
(Ifyouspecifythatallspaceshouldbeallocated
whenyoucreatethedisk,thesefilesstartatthe
maximumsizeanddonotgrow.)Almostallofa
.vmdkfilescontentisthevirtualmachinesdata,
withasmallportionallottedtovirtualmachine
overhead.
Ifthevirtualmachineisconnecteddirectlytoa
physicaldisk,the.vmdkfilestoresinformationabout
thepartitionsthevirtualmachineisallowedto
access.
EarlierVMwareproductsusedtheextension.dsk
forvirtualdiskfiles.
<vmname>-s<###>.vmdk
Ifyouspecifiedthatthefilescangrow,thefilenames
includeansinthefilenumber(forexample,
Windows XP Professional-s001.vmdk).
Ifyouspecifiedthatthevirtualdiskissplitinto2GB
chunks,thenumberof.vmdkfilesdependsonthe
sizeofthevirtualdisk.Asdataisaddedtoavirtual
disk,the.vmdk filesgrow,toamaximumof2GB
each.
.vmem
98
<vmname>-f<###>.vmdk
Ifthediskspacewasallocatedwhenthediskwas
created,thenamesincludeanfinsteadofans(for
example,Windows XP Professional-f001.vmdk).
<vmname>-<disk>-<###>.vmdk
Ifthevirtualmachinehasoneormoresnapshots,
somefilesareredologfiles.Theystorechanges
madetoavirtualdiskwhilethevirtualmachineis
running.The###indicatesauniquesuffixaddedby
Workstationtoavoidduplicatefilenames.
<uuid>.vmem
Thevirtualmachinespagingfile,whichbacksup
theguestmainmemoryonthehostfilesystem.This
fileexistsonlywhenthevirtualmachineisrunning
orifthevirtualmachinefails.
<snapshot_name_number>.vmem
Eachsnapshotofavirtualmachinethatispowered
onhasanassociated.vmemfile,whichcontainsthe
guestsmainmemory,savedaspartofthesnapshot.
VMware, Inc.
File Name
Description
.vmsd
<vmname>.vmsd
Acentralizedfileforstoringinformationand
metadataaboutsnapshots.
.vmsn
<vmname>-Snapshot.vmsn
Thesnapshotstatefile,whichstorestherunning
stateofavirtualmachineatthetimeyoutakethat
snapshot.
<vmname>-Snapshot<###>.vmsn
Thefilethatstoresthestateofasnapshot.
<vmname>.vmss
Thesuspendedstatefile,whichstoresthestateofa
suspendedvirtualmachine.
.vmss
SomeearlierVMwareproductsusedtheextension
.stdforsuspendedstatefiles.
.vmtm
<vmname>.vmtm
Theconfigurationfilecontainingteamdata.
.vmx
<vmname>.vmx
Theprimaryconfigurationfile,whichstoressettings
chosenintheNewVirtualMachinewizardorvirtual
machinesettingseditor.Ifyoucreatedthevirtual
machinewithanearlierversionofWorkstationona
Linuxhost,thisfilemighthavea.cfgextension.
.vmxf
<vmname>.vmxf
Asupplementalconfigurationfileforvirtual
machinesthatareinateam.This.vmxffileremains
ifavirtualmachineisremovedfromtheteam.
Otherfilesmightbepresentinthedirectory.Somearepresentonlywhileavirtual
machineisrunning.SeeLockFilesonpage 236.
VMware, Inc.
99
100
VMware, Inc.
Thischapterdiscusseshowtoinstall,update,andrunVMwareTools.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
ComponentsofVMwareToolsonpage 101
InstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104
VMwareToolsUpdateProcessonpage 115
UninstallVMwareToolsonpage 118
RepairorChangeInstalledModulesinaWindowsGuestonpage 118
OpentheVMwareToolsControlPanelonpage 119
ConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuestonpage 123
CustomizationstoVMwareToolsonpage 125
UsetheVMwareToolsServiceCommandLineInterfaceonpage 132
VMwareToolsservice
VMwaredevicedrivers
VMwareuserprocess
VMwareToolscontrolpanel
VMware, Inc.
101
Passesmessagesfromthehostoperatingsystemtotheguestoperatingsystem.
Executescommandsintheoperatingsystemtocleanlyshutdownorrestarta
Linux,FreeBSD,orSolarissystemwhenyouselectpoweroperationsin
Workstation.
OnWindowsguests,allowsthemousecursortomovefreelybetweentheguest
andhostoperatingsystems.
OnWindowsguests,matchestheguestsscreenresolutiontothehostsscreen
resolutionandthereverse.
Synchronizesthetimeintheguestoperatingsystemwiththetimeinthehost
operatingsystem.
Runsscriptsthathelpautomateguestoperatingsystemoperations.Thescriptsrun
whenthevirtualmachinespowerstatechanges.
TheVMwareToolsserviceisnotinstalledonNetWareoperatingsystems.Instead,the
vmwtoolprogramisinstalled.ItsynchronizestimeandallowsyoutoturntheCPU
idleronoroff.
102
SVGAdisplaydriverthatprovideshighdisplayresolutionandsignificantlyfaster
overallgraphicsperformance.
Anaudiodriverthatisrequiredforall64bitWindowsguestsand32bitWindows
Server2003,WindowsServer2008,WindowsVista,andWindows7guests.
VMXNetnetworkingdriversforsomeguestoperatingsystems.
BusLogicSCSIdriverforsomeguestoperatingsystems.
VMwaremousedriver.
Akernelmoduleforhandlingsharedfolders,calledhgfs.sysonWindowsand
.vmhgfsonLinuxandSolaris.
VMware, Inc.
TheVirtualMachineCommunicationInterface(VMCI)driverforcreating
clientserverapplicationsthatareoptimizedforfastandefficientcommunication
betweenvirtualmachines.
AparavirtualSCSIdriverforPVSCSIadapters,whichenhancetheperformanceof
somevirtualizedapplications.
Letsyoucopyandpastetextandfilesbetweenhostoperatingsystemsand
Windows,Linux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguestoperatingsystems.
LetsyoudraganddropfilesbetweenhostoperatingsystemsandWindows,Linux,
Solaris,andFreeBSDguestoperatingsystems.
LetsyouusetheUnityfeaturewithWindowsandLinuxguests.
OnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguests,grabsandreleasesthemousecursorwhen
theSVGAdriverisnotinstalled.
OnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguests,matchestheguestsscreenresolutiontothe
hosts.
ThisprocessstartswhenyoubeginanX11session.Touseadifferentmechanismto
starttheprocess,seeStarttheVMwareUserProcessManuallyIfYouDoNotUsea
SessionManageronpage 114.
OnNetWareoperatingsystems,thevmwtoolprogramcontrolsthegrabbingand
releasingofthemousecursor.Italsoletsyoucopyandpastetext.Youcannotdragand
droporcopyandpastefilesbetweenhostsandNetWareguestoperatingsystems.
VMware, Inc.
103
InstallVMwareToolsinaWindowsGuestonpage 104
InstallVMwareToolsinaLinuxGuestonpage 109
InstallVMwareToolsinaSolarisGuestonpage 111
InstallVMwareToolsinaFreeBSDGuestonpage 112
InstallVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuestonpage 113
104
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
IfyouarerunningWorkstationonaWindowshostandyourvirtualmachinehas
onlyoneCDROMdrive,makesuretheCDROMdriveisconfiguredasanIDEor
SCSICDROMdrive.ItcannotbeconfiguredasagenericSCSIdevice.Ifnecessary,
addanIDEorSCSICDROMdrivetothevirtualmachine.SeeAdding
DVD/CDROMandFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachineonpage 250.
VMware, Inc.
MakesurethevirtualCDROMdriveisconfiguredtoautodetectaphysicaldrive.
ThistaskisnecessaryifyouconnectedthevirtualmachinesCDdrivetoanISO
imagefilewhenyouinstalledtheoperatingsystem.Changetheconnectionfrom
theISOimagetoautodetectaphysicaldrive.(Withthevirtualmachinepowered
off,chooseVM>Settings>CD/DVD>UsePhysicalDrive>Autodetect.)
IftheguestoperatingsystemisaWindowsNT,Windows2000,WindowsXP,
WindowsServer2003,WindowsVista,orWindow7operatingsystem,loginasan
administrator.AnyusercaninstallVMwareToolsinaWindows 95,Windows98,
orWindowsMeguestoperatingsystem.
Onthehost,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>InstallVMwareTools.
IfanearlierversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled,themenuitemis
Update VMwareTools.
DependingonwhetherAutorunisenabled,oneofthefollowingoccursinsidethe
guestoperatingsystem:
IfAutorunisenabledintheguestoperatingsystem,adialogboxappearsafter
afewseconds.Youreceiveaprompttoconfirmwhetheryouwanttoinstall
VMwareTools.
IfAutorunisnotenabled,thedialogboxdoesnotappearautomatically.
Click Start>RunandenterD:\setup\setup.exewhereD:isyourfirst
virtualCDROMdrive.
ClickYestolaunchtheInstallShieldwizard.
Followtheonscreeninstructions.
OnsomeWindowsoperatingsystems,aftertheSVGAdriverisinstalled,youare
promptedtoreboottousethisnewdriver.
Rebootthevirtualmachineifnecessary.
Tochangethedefaultconfigurationoptions,seeOpentheVMwareToolsControl
Panelonpage 119.
105
ANotebookwindow,theDisplayProperties/Settingsdialogbox,andamessagebox
appear,promptingyoutorebootthemachine.
To configure the video driver on older versions of Windows
1
Inthemessageboxthatpromptsyoutoreboot,clickNo.
IfyouclickYes,afterthevirtualmachinereboots,runtheVMwareToolsinstaller
again(chooseVM>ReinstallVMwareTools).SelecttheRepairoption.
The RepairoptionallowstheNotebookwindowtoappearagainsothatthe
installercanaccesstheSVGAdriver.
FollowtheinstructionsintheNotebookfile.
Theinstructionsarespecifictoeachoperatingsystem.Theyprovidestepsfor
selectingtheVMwareSVGAdriver,usuallyintheDisplayProperties/Settings
dialogbox,andinstallingitfromtheVMwareToolsISOimage.
TheEnglishversionoftheinstructionsfromtheNotebookfilearereprintedin
KnowledgeBasearticle1001819attheVMwareWebsite.
106
VMware, Inc.
MakesurethevirtualmachinesCDROMdriveisconnectedtotheVMwareTools
ISOimageandthatitisconfiguredtoconnectwheneveryoupoweronthevirtual
machine:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardware>CDROM.
IntheDevicestatussection,selecttheConnectatPowerOncheckbox.
IntheConnectionsection,selectUseISOimageandbrowsetothe
windows.isofile,locatedinthedirectorywhereyouinstalledWorkstation.
ClickOK.
(Optional)Intheguestoperatingsystem,suppresspromptsaboutinstalling
unsigneddrivers.
IfyouareinstallingVMwareToolsfromabetaorreleasecandidateversionof
Workstation,youareaskedtoconfirmtheinstallationofunsigneddrivers.Follow
thesestepstosuppresstheseconfirmationprompts.
ForallWindowssystemsexceptWindowsVistaandWindows7:
a
OnthevirtualmachinesdesktoporStartmenu,rightclickMyComputerand
chooseProperties.
ClicktheHardwaretabandclickDriverSigning.
IntheDriverSigningOptionsdialogbox,clickIgnoreandclickOK.
ClickOKintheSystemPropertiesdialogbox.
ForWindowsVista:
VMware, Inc.
OntheStartmenu,rightclickComputerandchooseProperties.
SelectAdvancedsystemsettings>Hardware>WindowsUpdateDriver
Settings.
ClickNevercheckfordriverswhenIconnectadeviceandclickOK.
ClickOKintheSystemPropertiesdialogbox.
107
ForWindows7:
OntheStartmenu,rightclickComputerandchooseProperties.
SelectAdvancedsystemsettings>Hardware>DeviceInstallationSettings
>No,letmechoosewhattodo>Neverinstalldriversoftwarefrom
WindowsUpdate.
ClickSaveChanges.
ClickOKintheSystemPropertiesdialogbox.
Openacommandpromptandusethefollowingcommandtoinstallsomeorallof
theVMwareToolscomponents:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL [REMOVE=<component>] /qn
TRANSFORMS= <path>\1041.msi
Inthiscommand,youcanoptionallyuse REMOVE=<component>ifyoudonot
wanttoinstallaparticularcomponent.
Table 5-1. VMware Tools Component Values
Valid Component
Values
108
Description
Toolbox
VMwareToolscontrolpanelanditsutilities.Excludingthisfeature
preventsyoufromusingVMwareToolsintheguestoperating
system.VMwaredoesnotrecommendexcludingthisfeature.
Drivers
IncludestheSVGA,mouse,BusLogic,andvmxnetdrivers.
SVGAVMwareSVGAdriver.Excludingthisfeaturelimitsthe
displaycapabilitiesofyourvirtualmachine.
MouseVMwaremousedriver.Excludingthisfeature
decreasesmouseperformanceinyourvirtualmachine.
BuslogicVMwareBusLogicdriver.Ifyourvirtualmachineis
configuredtousetheLSILogicdriver,youmightwantto
removethisfeature.
VMXNetVMwareVMXnetnetworkingdriver.
MemCtl
VMwarememorycontroldriver.Usethisdriverifyouplantouse
thisvirtualmachinewithVMwareESXServer.Excludingthis
featurehindersthememorymanagementcapabilitiesofthevirtual
machinerunningonaVMwareESXServersystem.
Hgfs
VMwaresharedfoldersdriver.Usethisdriverifyouplantousethis
virtualmachinewithVMwareWorkstation.Excludingthisfeature
preventsyoufromsharingafolderbetweenyourvirtualmachine
andtheWorkstationhost.
VMware, Inc.
Forexample,toinstalleverythingbutthesharedfoldersdriver,typethefollowing
onthecommandline:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Hgfs /qn
TheSVGA,Mouse,BusLogic,VMXnet,andMemCtlfeaturesarechildrenofthe
Driversfeature.Thismeansthatthefollowingcommandskipsinstallationofthe
SVGA,mouse,BusLogic,vmxnet,andMemCtldrivers:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Drivers /qn
Toincludeafeature,useitwiththeADDLOCALoption.Toexcludeafeature,useit
withtheREMOVEoption.
Onthehost,selectVM>InstallVMwareTools.
IfanearlierversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled,themenuitemisUpdate
VMwareTools.Ifthecurrentversionisinstalled,themenuitemisReinstall
VMwareTools.
Ontheguest,loginasroot.
IfyourLinuxdistributiondoesnotautomaticallymountCDROMs,mountthe
VMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage.
a
Ifnecessary,createthe/mnt/cdromdirectory:
mkdir /mnt/cdrom
MounttheCDROMdrive.
SomeLinuxdistributionsusedifferentdevicenamesororganizethe/dev
directorydifferently.IfyourCDROMdriveisnot/dev/cdromorifthemount
pointforaCDROMisnot/mnt/cdrom,modifythecommandtoreflectthe
conventionsusedbyyourdistribution.
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
Changetoaworkingdirectory(forexample,/tmp):
cd /tmp
VMware, Inc.
109
Ifapreviousinstallationexists,deletethepreviousvmware-tools-distrib
directory.
Thelocationofthisdirectorydependsonwhereyouplaceditduringtheprevious
installation.Oftenitisplacedin/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib.
Uncompresstheinstaller:
tar zxpf /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-<x.x.x>-<yyyy>.tar.gz
Thevalue<x.x.x>istheproductversionnumberand<yyyy>isthebuildnumber
oftheproductrelease.
7
Ifnecessary,unmounttheCDROMimage.
IfyourLinuxdistributionautomaticallymountedtheCDROM,youdonotneed
tounmounttheimage.
umount /dev/cdrom
RuntheVMwareToolsinstaller.
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Respondtothequestionsthecommandlinewizarddisplaysonthescreen.Press
Entertoacceptthedefaultvalue.Theconfigurationfile,
vmware-config-tools.pl,runsaftertheinstallerfilefinishesrunning.
9
IfyouareupdatingVMwareTools,rebootthevirtualmachineormanuallyreload
thepvscsi,vmxnet,andvmxnet3Linuxkernelmodules.
Ifyoureloadthemodules,networkingonthevirtualmachineisinterrupted.
10
Enterthefollowingcommandstorestorethenetwork:
/etc/init.d/network stop
rmmod vmxnet
modprobe vmxnet
/etc/init.d/network start
11
Logoutoftherootaccount.
exit
12
(Optional)Startyourgraphicalenvironment.
13
InanXterminal,tostarttheVMwareUserprocess,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware-user
TochangethedefaultVMwareToolsconfigurationoptions,seeOpentheVMware
ToolsControlPanelonpage 119.
110
VMware, Inc.
Onthehost,selectVM>InstallVMwareTools.
IfanearlierversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled,themenuitemisUpdate
VMwareTools.Ifthecurrentversionisinstalled,themenuitemisReinstall
VMwareTools.
Ontheguest,loginasroot.
Ifnecessary,mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage.
Usually,theSolarisvolumemanagervoldmountstheCDROMunder
/cdrom/vmwaretools.IftheCDROMisnotmounted,restartthevolume
managerusingthefollowingcommands:
/etc/init.d/volmgt stop
/etc/init.d/volmgt start
Changetoaworkingdirectory(forexample,/tmp):
cd /tmp
ExtractVMwareTools:
gunzip -c /cdrom/vmwaretools/vmware-solaris-tools.tar.gz | tar xf -
RuntheVMwareToolsinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Respondtotheconfigurationprompts.PressEntertoacceptthedefaultvalue.
7
Logoutoftherootaccount:
exit
(Optional)Startyourgraphicalenvironment.
InanXterminal,tostarttheVMwareUserprocess,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware-user
TochangethedefaultVMwareToolsconfigurationoptions,seeOpentheVMware
ToolsControlPanelonpage 119.
VMware, Inc.
111
Onthehost,selectVM>InstallVMwareTools.
IfanearlierversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled,themenuitemisUpdate
VMwareTools.Ifthecurrentversionisinstalled,themenuitemisReinstall
VMwareTools.
Makesuretheguestoperatingsystemisrunningintextmode.
YoucannotinstallVMwareToolswhileXisrunning.
Ontheguest,loginasroot.
Ifnecessary,mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimagebyenteringa
commandsimilartothefollowing:
mount /cdrom
SomeFreeBSDdistributionsautomaticallymountCDROMs.Ifyourdistribution
usesautomounting,skipthisstep.
5
Changetoaworkingdirectory(forexample,/tmp):
cd /tmp
UntartheVMwareToolstarfile:
tar zxpf /cdrom/vmware-freebsd-tools.tar.gz
Ifnecessary,unmounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage:
umount /cdrom
Ifyourdistributionusesautomounting,youdonotneedtounmounttheimage.
8
RuntheVMwareToolsinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Logoutoftherootaccount:
exit
112
VMware, Inc.
10
(Optional)Startyourgraphicalenvironment.
11
InanXterminal,tostarttheVMwareUserprocess,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware-user
InminimalinstallationsoftheFreeBSD4.5guestoperatingsystem,sometimes
VMwareToolsdoesnotstart.
TochangethedefaultVMwareToolsconfigurationoptions,seeOpentheVMware
ToolsControlPanelonpage 119.
Onthehost,selectVM>InstallVMwareTools.
IfanearlierversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled,themenuitemisUpdate
VMwareTools.Ifthecurrentversionisinstalled,themenuitemisReinstall
VMwareTools.
Ontheguest,loadtheCDROMdriversotheCDROMdevicemountsthe
ISO imageasavolumebydoingoneofthefollowing:
ForaNetWare6.5virtualmachineinthesystemconsole,enter:
LOAD CDDVD
ForaNetWare6.0orNetWare5.1virtualmachine,inthesystemconsole,
enter:
LOAD CD9660.NSS
ForaNetWare4.2virtualmachine,inthesystemconsole,enter:
load cdrom
MounttheVMwareToolsCDROMimagebyentering:
cd mount vmwtools
VMware, Inc.
113
Inthesystemconsole,enteroneofthefollowing:
ForNetWare5.1,6.0,or6.5:
vmwtools:\setup.ncf
ForNetWare4.2:
vmwtools:\setup
IfyouhaveaNetWare4.2guest,restarttheguestoperatingsystem,asfollows:
a
Toshutdownthesystem,inthesystemconsole,enter:
down
Torestarttheguestoperatingsystem,inthesystemconsole,enter:
restart server
MakesuretheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage(netware.iso)isnot
attachedtothevirtualmachine.
Ifitisattached,disconnectit.RightclicktheCDROMiconinthestatusbarofthe
consolewindowandchooseDisconnect.
114
IfyourunanXsessionwithoutasessionmanager(forexample,byusingstartx
andgettingadesktopandnotusingxdm,kdm,orgdm)
IfyouareusingcertainolderversionsofGNOMEwithoutgdmorxdm
Ifyouareusinganysessionmanagerorenvironmentthatdoesnotsupportthe
DesktopApplicationAutostartSpecification,availablefrom
http://standards.freedesktop.org
VMware, Inc.
To start the VMware User process manually if you do not use a session manager
Dooneofthefollowing:
Tohavevmware-userstartwhenyoustartanXsession,addvmware-usertothe
appropriateXstartupscript,suchasthe.xsessionor.xinitrcfile.
Thevmware-userprogramislocatedinthedirectorywhereyouselectedtoinstall
binaryprograms,whichdefaultsto/usr/bin.Thestartupscriptthatneedstobe
modifieddependsonyourparticularsystem.
Tostartvmware-userafteraVMwareToolssoftwareupdateorifyounotice
certainfeaturesarenotworking,openaterminalwindowandenterthefollowing
command:
vmware-user
VMware, Inc.
115
Anautoupdatecheckisperformedaspartofthebootsequencewhenyoupowerona
virtualmachine.Ifthevirtualmachinewassuspendedandyouresumeitorrestoreit
toasnapshotduringthebootsequencebeforethischeckoccurs,theautomaticupdate
occursasplanned.
Ifyouresumethevirtualmachineorrestoreittoasnapshotaftertheautoupdatecheck
occurs,theautomaticupdatedoesnotoccur.
Formoreinformationaboutautomaticupdates,seeUseGlobalSettingstoUpdate
VMwareToolsAutomaticallyonpage 116andSetVMwareToolsUpdateOptionsfor
EachVirtualMachineonpage 117.
116
StartWorkstation.
SelectEdit>PreferencesandclicktheUpdatestab.
UndertheVMwareToolsupdatessection,selectthecheckboxandclickOK.
VMware, Inc.
Foreachofyourvirtualmachines,dothefollowing:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectTools.
Verifythatthevirtualmachineissettousetheglobalpreferenceandclick
OK.
SelecttheLinuxorWindowsvirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectTools.
SelectanupdateoptionandclickOK.
Toinstalltheupdate,usethesameprocedurethatyouusedforinstallingVMware
Toolsthefirsttime.Fortheplatformspecificinstallationinstructions,see
InstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
VMware, Inc.
117
TouninstalltheoldversionofVMwareTools,usetheAdd/RemoveProgramsitem
intheguestsControlPanel.
ToinstallthenewversionofVMwareTools,seeInstallingVMwareToolson
page 104.
OnmostWindowsguests,loginasanAdministratoruserusetheguestoperating
systemsAdd/RemoveProgramsitemtoremoveVMwareTools.
OnWindowsVista,Windows7,andServer2008guests,usetheguestoperating
systemsPrograms and Features>UninstallaprogramitemtoremoveVMware
Tools.
OnLinux,Solaris,FreeBSD,andNetWareguests,loginasrootandenterthe
followingcommand:
vmware-uninstall-tools.pl
OnaLinuxguestwhereVMwareToolswasinstalledbyusinganRPMinstaller,
loginasrootandenterthefollowingcommand:
rpm -e VMwareTools
Workstation4,5,and6includedRPMandtarinstallersforVMwareTools.
Workstation7andlaterreleasesincludeonlytarinstallers.
118
VMware, Inc.
InWorkstation,selectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>ReinstallVMware
Tools.
OntheWelcomepage,clickNextanddooneofthefollowing:
ClickChangetorepairormodifywhichmodulesofVMwareToolsare
installed.
ClickModifytospecifywhichmodulesareinstalled.
Occasionally,somenewmodulesarenotinstalledduringanupdate.Youcan
manuallyinstallnewmodulesbyusingtheModifyoption.
Completetherestofthepagesofthewizard.
Iffeaturesstilldonotwork,uninstallVMwareToolsandreinstall.
OnWindowsguests,doubleclickVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaof
theguestsWindowstaskbar.
IfyoucannotfindtheVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationarea,usetheguests
WindowsControlPaneltodisplayit.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,openaterminalwindowandenterthe
followingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox
VMware, Inc.
OnNetWareguests,dooneofthefollowing:
InaNetWare5.1orhigherguest,chooseNovell>Settings>VMwareTools
forNetWare.
InaNetWare4.2guest,useVMwareToolscommandsinthesystemconsole.
TheVMwareToolsprogramiscalledvmwtool.
119
GotoStart>ControlPanel.
DoubleclicktheVMwareToolsicon.
OntheOptionstab,selectShowVMwareToolsinthetaskbarandclickApply.
Timesynchronizationbetweenthevirtualmachineandthehostoperating
systemSetsthetimeoftheguestoperatingsystemtobethesameasthetimeof
thehostandthenperiodically(everyminute)checkswhethertheguestoperating
systemstimematchesthatofthehosts.Ifnot,theclockontheguestis
synchronizedtomatchtheclockonthehost.
Iftheclockontheguestfallsbehindtheclockonthehost,VMwareToolsmoves
theclockontheguestforwardtomatchtheclockonthehost.Iftheclockonthe
guestisaheadofthatonthehost,VMwareToolscausestheclockontheguestto
runmoreslowlyuntiltheclocksaresynchronized.
Ifyouusethisoption,disableallothertimesynchronizationmechanisms.For
example,someguestsmighthaveNTPorCMOSclocksynchronizationturnedon
bydefault.
RegardlessofwhetheryouturnonVMwareToolsperiodictimesynchronization,
timesynchronizationoccurswhentheVMwareToolsdaemonisstarted(suchas
duringarebootorpoweronoperation),whenresumingavirtualmachinefroma
suspendoperation,afterrevertingtoasnapshot,andaftershrinkingadisk.When
theoperatingsystemstartsorreboots,andwhenyoufirstturnonperiodictime
synchronization,synchronizationcanbeeitherforwardorbackwardintime.
For otherevents,synchronizationisforwardintime.
Todisabletimesynchronizationcompletely,seeDisableTimeSynchronizationby
EditingtheVirtualMachineConfigurationFileonpage 121.
120
ShowVMwareToolsinthetaskbar(Windowsguestsonly)Displaysthe
VMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar.Theiconindicates
whetherVMwareToolsisrunningandwhetheranupdateisavailable.
VMware, Inc.
Notifyifupdateisavailable(Windowsguestsonly)DisplaystheVMwareTools
iconwithayellowcautioniconwhenanupdateisavailable.
Updatebutton(Windowsguestsonly)Becomesenabledwhenanupdateis
available.ClickingthisbuttonhasthesameeffectaschoosingVM>Update
VMwareToolsfromtheWorkstationmenubar.
Poweroffthevirtualmachine.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmx)inatexteditorandsetthe
followingoptionstoFALSE.
Table 5-2. Time Synchronization Options
Option Name
VMware, Inc.
tools.syncTime
Periodically(normallyonceperminute).
Time synchronizationisonlyforwardintime.
time.synchronize.continue
Takingasnapshot.Timesynchronizationisonly
forwardintime.
time.synchronize.restore
Revertingtoasnapshot.Timesynchronization
isonlyforwardintime.
time.synchronize.resume.disk
Resumingasuspendedvirtualmachine.
Time synchronizationisonlyforwardintime.
time.synchronize.shrink
Shrinkingavirtualdisk.Timesynchronization
isonlyforwardintime.
time.synchronize.tools.startup
Bootingtheguestoperatingsystem.
Time synchronizationcanbeeitherforwardor
backwardintime.
Saveandclosethefile.
121
122
VMware, Inc.
About Tab
TheAbouttabdisplaysversion(buildnumber)andcopyrightinformation.
In Windowsguests,thistabalsoshowsthestatusoftheVMwareToolsservice.
Openaterminalwindow(systemconsole)intheNetWareguest.
Enteracommandthatusesthefollowingformat:
vmwtool <command>
<command>isoneofthecommandslistedinTable 53.
VMware, Inc.
123
Description
help
DisplaysasummaryofVMwareToolscommandsand
optionsinaNetWareguest.
partitonlist
Displaysalistofalldiskpartitionsinthevirtualdisk
andwhetherornotapartitioncanbeshrunk.
shrink [<partition>]
Shrinksthelistedpartitions.Ifnopartitionsare
specified,allpartitionsinthevirtualdiskareshrunk.
Thestatusoftheshrinkprocessappearsatthebottom
ofthesystemconsole.
devicelist
Listseachremovabledeviceinthevirtualmachine,its
deviceID,andwhetherthedeviceisenabledor
disabled.Removabledevicesincludethevirtual
networkadapter,CDROM,andfloppydrives.By
default,floppydriveisnotconnectedwhenthevirtual
machinepowerson.
disabledevice [<device
name>]
Disablesthespecifieddeviceordevicesinthevirtual
machine.Ifnodeviceisspecified,allremovable
devicesinthevirtualmachinearedisabled.
enabledevice [<device
name>]
Enablesthespecifieddeviceordevicesinthevirtual
machine.Ifnodeviceisspecified,allremovable
devicesinthevirtualmachineareenabled.
synctime [on|off]
Letsyouturnonoroffsynchronizationoftimeinthe
guestoperatingsystemwithtimeonthehostoperating
system.By default,timesynchronizationisturnedoff.
Usethiscommandwithoutanyoptionstoviewthe
currenttimesynchronizationstatus.
idle [on|off]
LetsyouturntheCPUidleronoroff.Bydefault,the
idleristurnedon.TheCPUidlerprogramisincluded
inVMwareToolsforNetWareguests.
TheidlerprogramisneededbecauseNetWareservers
donotidletheCPUwhentheoperatingsystemisidle.
Asaresult,avirtualmachinetakesCPUtimefromthe
hostregardlessofwhethertheNetWareserver
softwareisidleorbusy.
124
VMware, Inc.
OnmostMicrosoftWindowsguests,butnotwindowsNTandWindowsMe,the
defaultscriptexecutedwhenyoususpendavirtualmachinereleasestheIP
addressofthevirtualmachine.Thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyouresumea
virtualmachinerenewstheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine(thisaffectsonly
virtualmachinesconfiguredtouseDHCP).ScriptscannotberunonWindows95
guests.
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.
OnmostLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguests,thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyou
suspendavirtualmachinestopsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.Thedefault
scriptexecutedwhenyouresumeavirtualmachinestartsnetworkingforthe
virtualmachine.ScriptscannotberunonNetWareandFreeBSDguests.
OnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe
/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
Youcancreateyourownscriptsandusetheminsteadofthedefaultscriptsshownin
Table 54.
VMware, Inc.
125
Description
poweroff-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweroffoperationtoshutdowntheguest,
thisscriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingpoweredoff.
Ifyouconfiguredtheresetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscript
runswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingreset.
Thisscripthasnoeffectonnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
poweron-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweronoperationtostarttheguest,this
scriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingpoweredonrather
thanresumed.
Ifyouconfiguredtheresetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscript
runsaftervirtualmachinerestarts.
Thisscripthasnoeffectonnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
resume-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweronoperationtostarttheguest,orthe
resetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscriptrunswhenthevirtual
machineisresumedafteritwassuspended.
OnWindowsguests,ifthevirtualmachineisconfiguredtouse
DHCP,thisscriptrenewstheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,thisscriptstartsnetworking
forthevirtualmachine.
suspend-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthesuspendoperationtosuspendtheguest,this
scriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingsuspended.
OnWindowsguests,ifthevirtualmachineisconfiguredtouse
DHCP,thisscriptreleasestheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,thisscriptstopsnetworking
forthevirtualmachine.
126
VMware, Inc.
Beforecreatingcustomscripts,makesurethatthefollowingconditionsaremetinthe
guestoperatingsystem:
ThevirtualmachineisusingthelatestversionofVMwareTools.
TheVMwareToolsserviceisrunninginthevirtualmachine.
Dependingontheoperationthescriptperforms,thevirtualmachinehasavirtual
networkadapterconnected.Ifnot,thepoweroperationfails.
(Linux,Solaris,andFreeBSDguestsonly)ToeditascriptbyusingtheEditbutton
ontheScriptstab,xtermandvimustbeinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem
andmustbeinyourPATH.Youmustbearootusertoeditthescript.
Determinewhetheryouwanttocreateyourcustomscriptbymakingchangesto
thedefaultscriptandsavingittoanewlocation.
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.
OnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSD,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe
/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
Modifythedefaultscriptandsaveitwithadifferentnameorwriteadifferent
script.
OnWindowsguests,ifyouwriteanewscript,createthescriptasabatchfile.
For Linux,Solaris,andFreeBSD,createthescriptinanyexecutableformat(suchas
shellorPerlscripts).
YoucanalsousetheEditbuttonontheScriptstaboftheVMwareToolscontrol
paneltoeditacustomscript.Youcanalsoeditscriptsmanuallyusinganytext
editor.
Associateeachcustomscriptwithitsparticularpoweroperation:
a
OntheScriptstaboftheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,selecttheappropriate
scriptevent.
SelecttheUseScriptcheckbox,selectCustomscript,andusetheBrowse
buttontopointtothescriptyouwanttouse.
ClickOK.
WhenyoureinstallVMwareToolsafteryouupdatetheWorkstationsoftware,any
changesyoumadetothedefaultscriptsareoverwritten.Anycustomscriptsyou
createdremainuntouched,butdonotbenefitfromanyunderlyingchangesthat
enhancethedefaultscripts.
VMware, Inc.
127
OntheScriptstaboftheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,selecttheappropriatescript
event.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Todisablethescript,cleartheUseScriptcheckboxandclickOK.
Defaultscriptsforsuspendingandresumingworktogether.Ifyoudisablethe
scriptofoneoftheseactions,disablethescriptfortheotheractionaswell.
Torunascriptimmediately,clickRunNow.
YoucansuccessfullyrunascriptbyclickingtheRunNowbuttoninthe
VMwareToolscontrolpanel,butthissamescriptcanfailwhenrunaspartof
aWorkstationpoweroperation.ThisisbecausescriptsrunbyclickingRun
Nowarerunastheloggedinuserandhaveadifferentworkingdirectorythan
whenscriptsarerunbytheVMwareToolsdaemonduringapower
operation.
Useatexteditortoopenthefollowingfile:
/etc/vmware-tools/tools.conf
Addoneorbothofthefollowingcommandstothefile:
halt-command = <command>
<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyoushutdowntheguest
operatingsystem.
reboot-command = <command>
<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyourestarttheguestoperating
system.
128
VMware, Inc.
Followingisanexampleofportionsoftwoconfigurationfilesthatpointtothesame
virtualdisk.Eachconfigurationfilecontainsitsownuniquestringsetforthe
machine.idparameter.
config_file_1.vmxcontains:
ide0:0.present = TRUE
ide0:0.fileName = "my_common_virtual_hard_drive.vmdk"
machine.id = "the_string_for_my_first_vm"
config_file_2.vmxcontains:
ide0:0.present = TRUE
ide0:0.fileName = "my_common_virtual_hard_drive.vmdk"
machine.id = "the_string_for_my_second_vm"
VMware, Inc.
129
Topreventastringfrombeingpassedfromthehosttotheguestthroughtheservice,
setthefollowinglineinyourvirtualmachinesconfigurationfile:
isolation.tools.getMachineID.disable = "TRUE"
Usethismethodtodeployvirtualmachinesonanetworkusingacommon
configurationfilewhileprovidingeachmachinewithitsownuniqueidentity.
Launcheachvirtualmachinewiththevmware -scommand.Eachvirtualmachinedisk
filemustbecopiedintoitsowndirectoryifitsharesitsfilenamewithanothervirtual
machinediskfile.
OnaLinuxhost,themachineIDpassedonthecommandlinetakesprecedenceandis
passedtotheguestoperatingsystemifthefollowingconditionsaremet:
AvirtualmachineIDisspecifiedinthevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file
whichisusedtoopenthevirtualmachine.
YouspecifyamachineIDonthecommandline.
130
VMware, Inc.
Definethestringbyusingoneofthefollowingmethods:
Onthehostmachine,addthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachines
configurationfile(.vmxfile):
machine.id = "W2K-VM 148.30.16.24"
Openthevirtualmachineusingthisconfigurationfile.
Openthevirtualmachinefromthecommandlinebyenteringthefollowing
ononeline:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware -s
'machine.id=W2K-VM 148.30.16.24' C:\Virtual
Machines\win2000\win2000.vmx
Dooneofthefollowingtoretrievethestringinthevirtualmachine:
InaWindowsguest,enterthefollowingcommandtoretrievethestring:
vmtoolsd --cmd machine.id.get
InaLinuxguest,intheoperatingsystemsstartupscript,addthefollowing
commandbeforethenetworkstartupsection.Forexample:
/usr/sbin/vmtoolsd --cmd 'machine.id.get'
Thelocationofvmtoolsddependsonthedirectoryyouspecifyatthetimeof
installation.
3
Furthercustomizethisstartupscriptsothatitusesthestringtheserviceretrieved
duringstartuptosetthevirtualmachinesnetworknametoW2KVMandits
IP addressto148.30.16.24.
Placethisstringinthescriptbeforethecommandtostartthenetworkservices.
IfyoureusingaWindows2000guestoperatingsystem,forexample,youcancall
theNetShellutility(netsh)andpassitthecontentsofthestring,whichusesthe
stringaccordingly.Thatis,itcansetanewIPaddressforthevirtualmachine,if
thatiswhatwaspassedinthestringoriginally.
131
ConfiguretimesynchronizationinyourLinuxguestoperatingsystemwithout
runningX.
UpgradeanduninstallVMwareTools,determinetheversion,andsoon.
Ontheguestoperatingsystem,changedirectoriestothedirectorythatcontainsthe
VMwareToolsdaemon.
Dependingontheoperatingsystem,thenameanddefaultlocationofthedaemon
areasfollows:
OnMicrosoftWindowssystems,thedaemoniscalledvmtoolsd.exeandthe
locationis:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Tools\vmtoolsd.exe
OnLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDsystems,thedaemoniscalledvmtoolsd. The
locationofvmtoolsddependsonthedirectoryyouspecifyatthetimeof
installation.Thedefaultlocationis:
/usr/sbin/vmtoolsd
Toconfigureperiodictimesynchronization,usethevmx.set_optioncommand.
Usethefollowingsyntax:
<daemon> --cmd "vmx.set_option synctime <old_val> <new_val>"
<daemon>isvmtoolsdonLinux,Solaris,andFreeBSDsystemsorvmtoolsd.exe
onWindowssystems.
<old_val>and<new_val>aretheoldandnewvalues,respectively.Use0tomean
FALSEand1tomeanTRUE.
FollowingisanexampleofsettingtimesynchronizationtoTRUEonaLinuxguest:
./vmtoolsd --cmd "vmx.set_option synctime 0 1"
Thenewsettingiswrittentothetools.syncTimepropertyinthevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.Usingthisoptionisequivalenttousingthe
timesynchronizationoptionontheOptionstaboftheVMwareToolscontrol
panel.
3
132
Tousecommandsotherthan--cmd,usethe--helpcommandlinecommand.
VMware, Inc.
Thischapterdescribeshowtoconvertaphysicalmachine,virtualmachine,orsystem
imagetoaVMwarevirtualmachine.OnWindowshosts,youcanconvertavirtual
machinethatwascreatedbyusingathirdpartyproduct.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
ConversionProcessforImportingfromOtherFormatsonpage 133
VMwareConverterComparedtotheConversionWizardonpage 135
SupportedSourceMachinesonpage 135
SupportedDestinationsonpage 140
ConversionImpactonSettingsonpage 142
OpenaThirdPartyVirtualMachineorSystemImageonpage 143
ImportaVirtualMachine,VirtualAppliance,orSystemImageonpage 144
Avoidreinstallingoperatingsystemsandapplicationsforsystemconfigurations
youuseoften.
Overcomelegacymigrationbarriers.Certainlegacysystemsmightbeimpossible
torecreatethroughreinstallation.
Convertaphysicalmachineintoavirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
133
Usevirtualmachinesorsystemimagescreatedwithproductsfromother
companiessuchasNorton,Symantec,andStorageCraft.
Convertvirtualappliancesthatuseopenvirtualizationformat(OVF).
Workstationprovidesthreewaystoconvertavirtualmachineorsystemimage:
UsingtheFile>Opencommandconvertsandopensavirtualmachineorsystem
imagequickly.Workstationusesdefaultsettingstomaketheconversion
automatically,withnoinputrequiredfromyou.TheoriginalMicrosoftVirtualPC,
SymantecBackupExecSystemRecovery,StorageCraftShadowProtect,orAcronis
TrueImage(.vmc,.spf,.sv2i,or.tib)fileisunchanged.
Forallsupportedfiletypesexcept.ovfand.ovafiles,theFile>Opencommand
createsalinkedclonewhenitopensthefile.Ifyouopenavirtualappliancethat
uses.ovfor.ovafiles,Workstationcreatesafullclone.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatispassword
protected,youarepromptedforthepassword,andWorkstationcreatesafull
clone.
UsingtheFile>ImportorExportcommandstartstheConversionwizard.Itlets
youspecifytheconvertedvirtualmachineslocation,whetherornottheconverted
virtualmachinesharesvirtualdiskswiththeoriginalvirtualmachineorsystem
image,andwhichversionsofVMwareproductstheconvertedvirtualmachineis
tobecompatiblewith.
UsingFile>ImportWindowsXPModeVMcommandimportsaWindowsXP
ModevirtualmachineonWindows7hosts.SeeImportaWindowsXPMode
VirtualMachineonpage 145.
ThewizardcreatesacompletelynewVMwarevirtualmachinebasedontheinput
virtualmachineorsystemimage.ThenewlymigratedVMwarevirtualmachineretains
theconfigurationoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorimage.
Themigrationprocesscanbenondestructive,soyoucancontinuetousetheoriginal
virtualmachinewithMicrosoftVirtualPC,ortheoriginalsystemimagewithSymantec
BackupExecSystemRecovery.However,torunanewVMwarevirtualmachineonthe
samenetworkastheoriginalVirtualPCvirtualmachine,youmustmodifythenetwork
nameandIPaddressononeofthevirtualmachinessotheoriginalandnewvirtual
machinescancoexist.
ForMicrosoftVirtualPCandMicrosoftVirtualServervirtualmachines,youhavethe
optionofsharingthesourcevirtualharddisk(.vhd)files.ThismeansthattheVMware
virtualmachinecanwritedirectlytotheoriginal.vhdfilesinsteadofVMwarevirtual
harddisk(.vmdk)files.
134
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
VMware, Inc.
Physicalmachines
WindowsServer200332bitand64bit
WindowsXPProfessional32bitand64bit
WindowsVista32bitand64bit
VMwarevirtualmachines(.vmxand.vmtnfiles)
Workstation4.5,5.x,6.x,and7.0
VMwareACE2.x
VMwareFusion1.x
VMwarePlayer1.x,2.x,and3.0
ESXServer3.x
135
ESXServer2.5.x(ifthevirtualmachineismanagedwithVirtualCenter2.x)
VMwareServer1.xand2.0.x(ifthevirtualmachineisonthelocalfilesystem)
VirtualCenter2.x
Virtualappliances
Appliancesthatuseopenvirtualizationformat(.ovfand.ovafiles)andthatuse
VMwarevirtualharddisks(.vmdkfiles).
Othervirtualmachinesandsystemimages
AcronisTrueImage9(.tibfiles)
StorageCraftShadowProtect(.spffiles)
MicrosoftVirtualPC7.xandhigher(.vmcfiles)
AnyversionofMicrosoftVirtualServer(.vmcfiles)
SymantecBackupExecSystemRecovery(formerlyLiveStateRecovery) 6.5
and7.0,LiveStateRecovery3.0and6.0(.sv2ifiles)
NortonGhostimages9.xandhigher(.sv2ifiles)
Forguestoperatingsystemsupport,knownissues,andinstallationinstructions,
seetheonlineVMwareCompatibilityGuide.GototheVMwareWebsiteandselect
Resources>CompatibilityGuides,andclicktheViewtheGuest/HostOStabon
theVMwareCompatibilityGuideWebsitelink.
NOTEVirtualmachinesfromMacintoshversionsofMicrosoftVirtualPCarenot
supported.
136
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
Dynamicdisksarenotsupported.
Allimagesforthebackupofamachineshouldbeinasinglefolder,withnoother
imagesplacedthere.
Allvolumesinthediskuptotheactiveandsystemvolumesmustbebackedup.
Forexample,ifadiskhasfourpartitions,14,withpartition2astheactivevolume
andpartition3asthesystemvolume,thebackupmustinclude1through3.
Ifitisanincrementalimage,upto16incrementalbackupsaresupported.
ForShadowProtect,imagesofsystemswithlogicaldrivesarenotsupportedifthe
logicaldriveisalsoasystemoractivevolume.
VMware, Inc.
137
NOTEWhenyouuseaURL,thevirtualapplianceisdownloadedbeforetheconversion
processstarts.Downloadingcantake15minutesorlonger,dependingonthesizeofthe
file.
TheConversionwizardalwaysmakesafullclonewhenitconvertsanOVFappliance
toavirtualmachine.SeeFullorLinkedClonesonpage 139.
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
VMware, Inc.
139
Supported Destinations
TheConversionwizardcancreatevirtualmachinesthatarecompatiblewiththe
followingproducts:
Workstation 4.5,5.x,6.x,and7.0
VMwareACE 1.x,2.x,and2.6
VMwareFusion 1.x,2.x,and3.0
VMwarePlayer 1.x,2.x,and3.0
ESXServer 3.x(Thisdestinationisnotsupportedifyouareimportingaremote
physicalmachine.)
ESXServer 2.5.x(Thisdestinationissupportedonlybyimportingthrougha
VirtualCenter 2.xserverthatmanagesthe2.5.xESXServer.)
VMwareServer 1.xand2.0.x(ifthevirtualmachineisonthelocalfilesystem)
VirtualCenter 2.x
140
NameoftheVirtualCenterserverandtheusernameandpasswordforloggingin.
NameofthefolderintheVirtualCenterinventorywhereyouwanttostorethe
virtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
Nameofthehost,cluster,orresourcepoolwithinahostorclusterfromwhichthe
virtualmachineistoberun.Ifyouselectaclusterinmanualmode,youmustalso
chooseaspecifichost.
Nameofthedatastoreforthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfilesanddisks.Use
theadvancedsettingtodistributethevirtualmachinesdisksovermultiple
datastores.
Network Adapters
Youarepromptedtochoosefromtheavailablenetworksatthedestinationlocation.For
moreinformationaboutnetworkingchoicesforvirtualmachinesusedwith
WorkstationratherthanESXorVirtualCenter,seeCommonNetworking
Configurationsonpage 286.
VMware, Inc.
Computerinformation
ComputernameAlphanumericnameupto63characters.Hyphensand
underscoresareallowed.
SecurityID(SID)Optionally,generateanewsecurityID.
SysprepfilelocationIfthewizardcandetectthelocation,thewizardpage
displaysit.Otherwise,youneedtosupplythelocation.
Windowslicensinginformation
ProductIDOptional.
WindowsServerlicenseinformationForMicrosoftWindows2000Server
and2003Serveronly.
Timezone
141
Networkinformation
Networkadapter(interfaces)Resettodefaultormakechanges.
DHCPChoosebetweenusingDHCPtoobtainIPaddressesorenteringthem
manually.YoucanalsouseDHCPtoobtainaDNSserveraddressorenterit
manually.
DNSEnterDNSsuffixesandcustomizetheirordertospecifytheorderin
whichavirtualmachineusesthemtomakeconnections.
WINSSpecifyprimaryandsecondaryWINSaddresses.
WorkgroupordomainForworkgroups,specifytheworkgroupname,upto
15characters.Fordomains,specifytheWindowsServerdomain,alongwith
theappropriateusernameandpassword.
Operatingsystemconfiguration(computername,securityID,useraccounts,
profilesandpreferences,andsoforth)
Applicationsanddatafiles
Eachdiskpartitionsvolumeserialnumber
Becausethetargetandthesourcevirtualmachinesorsystemimageshavethesame
identities(name,SID,andsoon),runningbothonthesamenetworkcanresultin
conflicts.Ifyouplantoredeploythesourcevirtualmachineorsystemimage,donot
runboththesourceandtargetimagesorvirtualmachinesonthesamenetworkatthe
sametime.
Alternatively,youcanresolvetheduplicateIDproblembyusingadditionaltools,such
astheWindowsXPSystemPreparationTool(Sysprep).Forexample,ifyouusethe
ConversiontotesttheviabilityofrunningaVirtual PCvirtualmachineasaVMware
virtualmachinewithoutfirstdecommissioningtheoriginalVirtual PCmachine,you
needtoresolvetheduplicateIDproblem.
142
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
TheCPUmodelandserialnumbers(ifactivated)canbedifferentafterthe
migration.TheycorrespondtothephysicalcomputerhostingtheVMwarevirtual
machine.
Thenetworkadaptercanbedifferent(AMDPCNetorVMXnet)withadifferent
MACaddress.EachinterfacesIPaddressmustbeindividuallyreconfigured.
Thegraphicscardcanbedifferent(VMwareSVGAcard).
Thenumbersofdisksandpartitionsarethesame,buteachdiskdevicecanhavea
differentmodelanddifferentmanufacturerstrings.
Theprimarydiskcontrollerscanbedifferentfromthesourcemachines
controllers.
Applicationsmightnotworkiftheydependondevicesthatarenotavailablefrom
withinavirtualmachine.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>Open.
IntheFilenamefield,browsetoandopentheconfiguration(.vmx,.vmc,.spf,
.ovf,.ova,or.sv2i)fileforthevirtualappliance,virtualmachine,orsystem
imagetoconvert.
YoucanusethefieldFilesoftypetofilterthefilesdisplayedbyfileextension.
VMware, Inc.
143
ClickOpen.
WorkstationcreatesaVMwarevirtualmachine,withaVMwareconfigurationfile
(.vmx)fortheconvertedvirtualmachineorsystemimage.Theconvertedvirtual
machinelinkstothevirtualdisksoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorsystemimage
unlessthesourceusesopenvirtualizationformat(.ovfor.ovafiles).Theoriginal
VirtualPC,SymantecBackupExecSystemRecovery,orStorageCraftconfiguration
(.vmc,.spf,or.sv2i)fileisunchanged.
Ifyouopenavirtualappliancethatuses.ovfor.ovafiles,Workstationcreatesa
fullclone.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatispassword
protected,youarepromptedforthepassword,andWorkstationcreatesafull
clone.
Ifyouareimportingavirtualmachine,makesurethevirtualmachineispowered
off.
ChooseFile>ImportorExporttolaunchtheVMwareConversionwizard.
Completethewizardpages.
Thetextonthewizardpageschanges,dependingontheselectionsyoumake.
For example,ontheSourceTypepage,whenyouselectasourcetypefromthe
dropdownlist,thetextbelowthelistchangestodescribewhichtypesofvirtual
machinesareincludedinthatsourcetype.
Asyouproceedthroughthewizard,thenavigationpaneontheleftsideofthe
wizardhelpstrackyourprogress.
Wheneveryoustartanewphaseorstep,alistexpandstodisplaythenamesofthe
wizardpagesincludedinthatstep.Whenyoucompleteanentirestep,thenext
stepexpands.
Togobacktoapreviouspage,clickitsnameinthenavigationpane.
144
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine
Reviewtherestrictionsandrequirementsforsourceanddestinationvirtual
machinesandimportingfromdifferentsources.SeeSupportedSourceMachines
onpage 135andSupportedDestinationsonpage 140.
YoumusthaveWindows7Professional,Enterprise,orUltimateversionof
operatingsystemrunningonyourhost.WindowsXPModedoesnotworkon
unsupportedhosts.
DownloadandinstalltheWindowsXPModevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
145
146
VMware, Inc.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
StartingaVirtualMachineonpage 148
ShutDownaVirtualMachineonpage 151
DownloadComponentsonpage 153
PausingaVirtualMachineonpage 154
EncryptingaVirtualMachineonpage 155
DeleteaVirtualMachineonpage 158
ControllingtheVirtualMachineDisplayonpage 158
ConfiguringVideoandSoundonpage 172
InstallNewSoftwareinaVirtualMachineonpage 179
UseHostPrintersinaVirtualMachineonpage 180
UseRemovableDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 181
ConfiguretheApplianceViewforaVirtualMachineonpage 182
CreateaScreenshotofaVirtualMachineonpage 183
CreateandPlayBackaMovieofaVirtualMachineonpage 184
AdvancedOptionsforApplicationDevelopersonpage 185
VMware, Inc.
147
TostartavirtualmachinefromtheWorkstationuserinterface,youmustopenthe
virtualmachineandpoweriton.
TostartavirtualmachinethatisrunninginthebackgroundwhenWorkstationis
notrunning,youmustopenitsconsolefromthetaskbaronthehost.
TostartavirtualmachinethatisavailablefromaWebserver,youmustusea
commandlinecommandtobeginstreamingthevirtualmachineandthenstartit
fromtheWorkstationwindow.
Tostartavirtualmachinefromthecommandline,youmustusethe
platformspecificprogramandstartupoptions.SeeStartupOptionsfor
WorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 485.
StartWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 53.
ChooseFile>Openandbrowsetotheconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)forthevirtual
machine.
SeeVirtualMachineLocationonpage 150.
ChooseVM>Power>PowerOn.
IfyouneedtoentertheBIOSsetupfortheguestoperatingsystem,chooseVM >
Power>PowerOntoBIOS.
148
VMware, Inc.
Clickanywhereinsidethevirtualmachineconsoletogivethevirtualmachine
controlofyourmouseandkeyboard.
Tologontotheoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine,typeyournameand
passwordjustasyouwouldonaphysicalcomputer.
Ifthisiconisnotvisible,beforeyoubegin,usetheWorkspacetaboftheWorkstation
preferenceseditortodisplayit.SeeIntroductiontoWorkstationPreferenceson
page 67.
To start a virtual machine that is running in the background
1
Clickthepowerstatusiconinthenotificationareaofthehoststaskbar.
Selectavirtualmachinefromthelistthatappearsinthetooltip.
Thelistcontainsthevirtualmachinesandteamsthatbelongtotheuserwhois
loggedin.
Workstationstartsanddisplaystheconsoleviewofthevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
149
Openacommandpromptorterminalwindow.
UsetheplatformspecificcommandwiththeURLofthevirtualmachine:
OnWindowshosts,usevmware.exe http://<path_to_vm>.vmx.
OnLinuxhosts,usevmware http://<path_to_vm>.vmx.
HTTPSisalsosupported.
3
WhenatabforthevirtualmachineopensintheWorkstationwindow,choose
VM >Power>PowerOn.
Virtualdiskdataisfetchedondemandsothatyoucanbeginusingthevirtual
machinebeforethedownloadcompletes.
Thestatusbarindicatestheprogressofthedownload.Pointtotheicononthe
statusbarforVMstreamingandatooltipindicateswhetherstreamingisactiveand
providestheURLoftheWebserver.
(Optional)Tosavethevirtualmachinesothatyoucanuseitwhenyoudonothave
accesstotheWebserver,chooseVM>SaveforOfflineUse.
Usingthissettingalsoallowsyoutopausedownloadingbypoweringoffthe
virtualmachinebeforestreamingisfinished.Youcanrestartlaterbypoweringon
thevirtualmachine.ItalsoallowsyoutousetheFile>Opencommandtoopenthe
virtualmachineafteryoucloseit.
Whenyoupoweroffastreamedvirtualmachine,youarepromptedtosaveordiscard
changes.Ifyoudiscardchanges,thedirectorythatwascreatedonyourlocalmachine
andallthevirtualmachinedataaredeleted.
OnWindowshosts,WorkstationstoresvirtualmachinesintheMy Documents
folderoftheuserwhoisloggedinatthetimethevirtualmachineiscreated.
OnWindowsServer2003andWindowsXP,thedefaultfolderis:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\<guestOSname>
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7,thedefaultfolderis:
C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Virtual Machines\<guestOSname>
150
VMware, Inc.
OnLinuxhosts,Workstationstoresvirtualmachinesin:
<homedir>/vmware/<guestOSname>
Here<homedir>isthehomedirectoryoftheuserwhoisloggedinatthetimethe
virtualmachineiscreated.
TheworkingdirectoryisalsowhereWorkstationstoressuspendedstate(.vmss),
snapshot(.vmsn),andredologfiles.TheGeneraltabofthevirtualmachinesettings
editordisplaysthepathtotheworkingdirectory.SeeIntroductiontoVirtualMachine
Settingsonpage 69.
Intheguestsystem,shutdowntheoperatingsystemasyouwouldifyouwere
usingaphysicalmachineratherthanavirtualmachine.
Forexample,inWindowsXP,clickStart>ShutDown.
IntheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>PowerOptions>PowerOfftoturnoff
thevirtualmachine.
IfyouusethePowerOffcommandbeforeyoushutdowntheguestoperatingsystem,
thevirtualmachineispoweredoffabruptly.Theeffectislikeusingthepowerbutton
onaphysicalmachine.Youcan,however,configurethePowerOffbuttoninthetoolbar
toshutdowntheoperatingsystembeforepoweringoff.SeeConfigurePowerOffand
ResetOptionsforaVirtualMachineonpage 152.
VMware, Inc.
151
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectPower.
InthePowerControlssectionofthedialogbox,setthePowerOffbuttontoshut
downtheguestgracefullyortoabruptlypowerthevirtualmachineoff.
Theselectionyoumakeisreflectedinthetooltipyouseewhenyoupointtothe
PowerOffbutton.
SpecifyhowyouwanttheResetbuttontowork.
Ifyouwanttochangeanyoftheothersettingsandneedmoreinformation,click
Help.
ForUNIXguests,topassXtoolkitoptionswhenyoupoweronavirtualmachine,
seeAppendix A,Appendix:WorkstationCommandLineReference,on
page 485.
152
VMware, Inc.
Download Components
Workstationliststhecomponentsthatmustbeinstalledtoimprovetheuserexperience
oftheproduct.Beforeyoubegin,upgradetothelatestversionofWorkstation.Checkto
makesureyouhavenetworkconnectivity.
1
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
TheSoftwareUpdatesdialogboxappearswithalistofcomponentsreadyfor
download.IfyouareconnectedtotheInternetyoucandecidewhetherto
downloadtheupdatesorreceivearemindertodownloadlater.
IfyouareusingaproxytoconnecttotheInternet,completethefollowingtasks:
a
SelectVM>InstallVMwareTools.
TheSoftwareUpdatesdialogboxappears.
Completetheproxycredentialstocontinue,andclickOK.
TheSoftwareUpdatesdialogboxappearswithalistofcomponentsreadyfor
download.
Downloadthecomponent.
SelectDownloadtodownloadthecomponent.
ClickHidetominimizetheDownloadsdialogboxintheWorkstationstatus
bar.Youcanclickthearrowinthestatusbartoopenthedownloadprogress
window.
SelectDoNotDownloadtobypassthedownload.
SelectRemindLatertobypassthedownloadnowandreceiveareminderlater
todownloadthecomponent.
(Optional)ClicktheAlwaysdotheselectedactioncheckboxtoapplyyour
preferenceforfuturecomponentdownloads.
YourpreferenceissavedunderEdit>Preferences>Updates.
VMware, Inc.
153
Poweronandlogintothevirtualmachine.
Ifyouhavenotdownloadedthecomponentyet,VMwarerecommendsthatyoudo
soatthistime.OnWindows,aninfobarappearstoremindyoutoinstallthe
component.
IfthecomponentyoudownloadedisaneworupgradedversionofVMwareTools,
clickeitherUpdateTools,InstallTools,orReinstallToolsandproceedwithyour
installationbasedonyourguestoperatingsystemrequirements.
FormoreinformationoninstallingVMwareToolsonvariousguestoperatingsystems,
seeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
154
ThepausefeaturedoesnotworkwhenavirtualmachineisinUnitymode.You
cannotswitchtoUnitymodewhenavirtualmachineispaused.
Youcannotswitchtoexclusivemodewhenavirtualmachineispaused.
Thepausefeaturedoesnotworkwhenyouareusingtherecord/replayfeatureor
whenthereplaydebuggerisattached.Therecord/replayfeaturedoesnotwork
whenavirtualmachineispaused.
Whenpaused,avirtualmachinedoesnotsendorreceivenetworkpackets.Ifa
virtualmachineispausedformorethanafewminutes,somenetworkconnections
mightbeinterrupted.
VMware, Inc.
Ifyoutakeasnapshotwhenthevirtualmachineispaused,thevirtualmachineis
notpausedwhenyourestorethatsnapshot.Similarly,ifyoususpendavirtual
machinewhileitispaused,itisnotpausedwhenyouresumethevirtualmachine.
Ifyouinitiatesoftpoweroperationswhenavirtualmachineispaused,those
operationsdonottakeeffectuntilthevirtualmachineisunpaused.
Whileavirtualmachineispaused,LEDsanddevicesremainenabled,butdevice
connectionchangesdonottakeeffectuntilthevirtualmachineisunpaused.
SelectVM>Pausetopausethevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinedisplaydimsandaplaybuttonappearsoverthedisplay.
Clicktheplaybuttononthevirtualmachinedisplay,ordeselectVM>Pauseto
unpausethevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
155
Restrictions on Encryption
Theencryptionfeaturehasthefollowingrestrictions:
Avirtualmachinemustbepoweredoffbeforeyoucanaddorremoveencryption,
orchangetheencryptionpassword.
Theencryptionfeatureworksonlywithvirtualmachinesofvirtualhardware
version5.xorlater.
Youcancreatealinkedclonefromanencryptedvirtualmachine,butyoucannot
encryptorremoveencryptionfromavirtualmachinethatistheparentofalinked
clone.
Thereisoneexceptiontothisrestriction.IfyouusetheConversionwizard(File>
ImportorExport)tocreatealinkedclone,youcancreatealinkedclonewithout
disablingtheencryptionfeaturefortheparentvirtualmachine.Ifyoucreatea
linkedclonethiswayandthenencrypttheparentvirtualmachine,thelinkedclone
cannotreaddatafromthevirtualdiskoftheencryptedparentvirtualmachine.To
fixthisproblem,unencrypttheparentvirtualmachine.
Ifyouplantousetheencryptionfeature,VMwarerecommendsthatyouavoidthis
potentialproblembyusingVM>Clonetocreatealinkedclone.Workstation
disablestheencryptionfeaturefortheparentofalinkedclonethatiscreatedwith
theVM>Cloneoption.
Youcannotencryptvirtualmachinesthataremembersofateam,andyoucannot
addanencryptedvirtualmachinetoateam.
Ifmorethanoneunencryptedvirtualmachinessharethesamevirtualdisk,and
youencryptoneofthevirtualmachines,thevirtualdiskbecomesunusableforthe
unencryptedvirtualmachines.
Youcannotencryptavirtualmachinesthathasarecording.
YoucannotencryptACEvirtualmachines.Ifyouhaveanencryptedvirtual
machineyoucannotenableACEfeatures.
156
VMware, Inc.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectEncryption.
SelectEncrypt.
Enterthepassword,andenterthepasswordagaintoconfirmit.
Besuretorecordthepassword.
SelectEncrypt.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectEncryption.
SelectRemoveEncryption.
Enteryourpassword.
SelectRemoveEncryption.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectEncryption.
SelectChangePassword.
Enteryourcurrentpasswordandthenewpassword,andenterthenewpassword
againtoconfirmit.
Besuretorecordthenewpassword.
VMware, Inc.
157
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>DeletefromDisk.
158
VMware, Inc.
Youcanusekeyboardshortcutstocopy,cut,andpasteimages,plaintext,formatted
text,andemailattachmentsbetweenapplicationsonyourhostmachineandvirtual
machineapplicationsdisplayedinUnitymode.Youcanalsodraganddropandcopy
andpastefilesbetweenhostandguest.SeeUsingtheCopyandPasteFeatureon
page 189andUsingtheDragandDropFeatureonpage 187.
NOTEIfyousaveafileorattempttoopenafilefromanapplicationinUnitymode,the
filesystemyouseeisthefilesysteminsidethevirtualmachine.Youcannotopenafile
fromthehostoperatingsystemorsaveafiletothehostoperatingsystem.
WhenavirtualmachineisinUnitymode,youcanaccessthevirtualmachinesStart
menu(forWindowsvirtualmachines)orApplicationsmenu(forLinuxvirtual
machines)bypointingtooneofthefollowinglocations:
OnWindowshosts,pointtotheStartmenu.
OnLinuxhosts,pointtotheupperleftcorneroftheprimarymonitor.
Forsomeguestandhostoperatingsystems,ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,application
windowsinUnitymodecanappearonlyonthemonitorthatissetastheprimary
display.IfthehostandguestareWindowsXPorlater,theapplicationwindowscan
appearonadditionalmonitors
OnWindows,Unitymodeisnotavailableinthefullscreenmode.Whenyoucycle
throughvirtualmachines,allthevirtualmachinesthatareinUnitymodedonot
appear.
NOTEOnLinuxguests,Unitymodeissupportedexperimentally.
VMware, Inc.
159
Tohelpdistinguishbetweentheapplicationwindowsthatbelongtovariousvirtual
machines,youcangivethemdifferentcolors.Forexample,youcansettheapplications
foronevirtualmachinetohaveablueborderandsettheapplicationsforanother
virtualmachinetohaveayellowborder.
YoucanalsosetaWorkstationpreferencetominimizetheWorkstationwindowwhen
youenterUnitymode.
To set preferences for Unity mode
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectUnity.
CompletethesettingspanelandclickOK.
Usethefollowinginformationtodeterminewhichfeaturestoenable:
Toidentifytheapplicationasbelongingtothisvirtualmachineratherthanthe
host,usetheShowborderscheckboxtosetawindowborder.UsetheShow
badgescheckboxtodisplayalogointhetitlebar.
Touseacustomcolor,clickthecoloredrectangletoaccessthecolorchooser
onLinuxhosts.OnWindowshosts,clickChoosecolor.
IfyouselecttheEnableapplicationsmenucheckbox,oneofthefollowing
menusappearswhenyoupointtocorrectlocationonthehostsdesktop:
AStartmenuappearsonWindowsguests.
AnApplicationsmenuappearsonLinuxguests.
OnWindowshosts,pointtotheStartmenu.OnLinuxhosts,pointtothe
upperleftcorneroftheprimarymonitor.Themenuhasthesamecolorborder
asthevirtualmachineapplicationwindows.
5
RepeatthisprocessforeachvirtualmachinethatyouplantouseinUnitymode.
(Optional)ToautomaticallyminimizetheWorkstationwindowwhenyouenter
Unitymode,dothefollowing:
a
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheDisplaytab.
SelectMinimizeWorkstationwhenenteringUnityandclickOK.
ThisWorkstationpreferenceisusedforallvirtualmachines.
160
VMware, Inc.
ThevirtualmachinemustbeaWorkstation6.xorhighervirtualmachine.
VMwareToolsmustbeinstalledandrunninginthevirtualmachinesguest
operatingsystem.TheversionofVMwareToolsmustbetheversionincludedin
Workstation7.0.Forinstructions,seeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
TheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachinemustbeLinuxorWindows2000
orlater.
ForLinuxguestsandhosts,VMwarerecommendsthatyouuseamodernversion
ofMetacityorKDE.PerformanceonLinuxdependsonacombinationofvariables
suchasthesystem,theapplicationsthatarerunning,andtheamountofRAM.
Inthevirtualmachine,opentheapplicationstouseinUnitymode.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseView>Unity.
AcheckmarkappearsnexttoUnityinthemenu.
ThevirtualmachinesconsoleviewintheWorkstationwindowishidden,andthe
guestsopenapplicationsappearinapplicationwindowsonthehostsdesktop.
ToexitUnitymode,displaytheWorkstationwindowandchooseView>Unityto
removethecheckmarknexttoUnity,orclickExitUnityinthevirtualmachines
consoleview.
VMware, Inc.
161
ToenterUnitymode,poweronavirtualmachine,openoneormoreapplications,
andchooseView>UnityfromtheWorkstationmenubar.
TodisplaythevirtualmachinesStartorApplicationsmenuonthehost,dooneof
thefollowing:
PointtotheStartmenuonWindowshostsortotheupperleftcornerofthe
primarymonitoronLinuxhosts.
PressCtrl+Shift+U.
IfyouhavemultiplevirtualmachinesinUnitymode,youcannavigate
betweenmultipleStartandApplicationsmenusbyusingstandard
navigationkeyssuchasarrowkeys,Tab,andShift+Tab.Youcanselectoneby
usingstandardkeyssuchasEnterandthespacebar.
Selector arrow
Beforeyoubegin,makesuretheguestoperatingsystemhasVMwareToolsinstalled.
SeeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
NOTEIfyouplantorunthevirtualmachineinfullscreenmodeonalaptopcomputer,
alsosettheguesttoreportbatteryinformation.SeeReportBatteryInformationinthe
Guestonpage 180.
To use full screen mode
162
Selectthevirtualmachineandmakesureitispoweredon.
Ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,movetheWorkstationwindowintothemonitorto
useforfullscreenmode.
VMware, Inc.
ChooseView>FullScreen.
Ifyoucannotenterfullscreenmodewhentheguestsdisplaymodeissmallerthan
thehostsdisplaymode,tryaddingthefollowinglinetothevirtualmachines
configuration(.vmx)file:
mks.maxRefreshRate=1000
Formoreinformationabouttheconfigurationfile,seeFilesThatMakeUpa
VirtualMachineonpage 97.
4
(Optional)Youcanperformthefollowingoptionaltasks:
Toswitchfromfullscreenmodebacktowindowedmode,whichshowsthe
virtualmachineinsideaWorkstationwindowagain,pressCtrl+Alt+Enter.
Tohidethefullscreentoolbarandmenuswhileyouareusingfullscreen
mode,clickthepushpiniconandmovethemousepointeroffofthetoolbar.
Thisactionunpinsthetoolbar.Thetoolbarslidesuptothetopofthemonitor
anddisappears.Todisplaythetoolbaragain,pointtothetopofthescreen
untilthetoolbarappears.
Ifyoucannotdisplaythefullscreentoolbar,seeSetPreferencesforAutofit,
FullScreenMode,andUnityModeonpage 164.
VMware, Inc.
Toswitchfromonepoweredonvirtualmachinetoanotherwhileinfull
screenmode,dooneofthefollowing:
Togotoaspecificpoweredonvirtualmachine,clickthevirtualmachine
arrow,asshowninFigure 71,andselectthevirtualmachine.
Togotothenextvirtualmachine,pressCtrl+Alt+rightarrow,orpress
Ctrl+Alt+leftarrowtogotothepreviousvirtualmachine.
UsetheVMmenuonthetoolbartoaccesstheWorkstationVMmenu
commands.
UsetheSystemmenutoswitchtoexclusivemodeortousetheautofit
commandtoadjustscreenresolutiononWindowshosts.UsetheViewmenu
toswitchtoUnitymodeorexclusivemode,ortousetheautofitcommandto
adjustscreenresolutiononLinuxhosts.
Todisplaythevirtualmachineacrosstwoormoremonitorsinfullscreen
mode,seeUseMultipleMonitorsforOneVirtualMachineonpage 166.
163
Set Preferences for Autofit, Full Screen Mode, and Unity Mode
Youcansetpreferencesforhowthedisplaysettingsofallvirtualmachinesadjusttofit
theWorkstationwindow.TheseadjustmentsoccurwhenyouresizetheWorkstation
windoworwhenyouchangethedisplaysettingsinsidetheguest.
Youcanalsoconfigurehowthehostandguestdisplaysettingsinteractwhenyouenter
fullscreenmodeandUnitymode.
Beforeyoubegin,makesurethatVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperating
systemsinthevirtualmachines.
To set preferences for autofit, full screen mode, and Unity mode
1
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheDisplaytab.
SelectoneormorecheckboxesintheAutofitsection.
UsethefollowinginformationtohelpyoucompletetheFullScreensection:
SelectAutofitguesttochangetheguestsresolutionsettingstomatchthe
displaysettingsofthehostwhileyouareinfullscreenmode.
SelectStretchguesttoretaintheguestsresolutionsettingsbutstillhavethe
displayfillthefullscreen.
Thissettingisusefulifyouneedtoretainaguestslowresolutionsettings.
For example,usethissettingtoplayoldercomputergamesthatrunonlyat
lowresolutions.
164
SelectCenterguesttohavebothhostandguestretaintheirowndisplay
settingswhileyouareinfullscreenmode.
IfyoudeselectShowtoolbaredgewhenunpinned,theedgeofthefullscreen
toolbardoesnotappear.Whenyouplaceyourpointercursornearthetopof
thescreenthefullscreentoolbarappearsforafewseconds.Todisplaythe
edgeofthefullscreentoolbar,usethepreferenceseditorandselectShow
toolbaredgewhenunpinnedagain.
Ifyouplantohavemultiplevirtualmachinesrunning,withsomeinUnitymode
andsomeaccessibleonlyintheWorkstationwindow,donotselectthe
Minimize WorkstationwhenenteringUnitycheckbox.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseView>QuickSwitch.
(Optional)ToviewtheWorkstationmenuandtoolbarwhileusingquickswitch
mode,pointtothetopofthescreen.
(Optional)Toresizeaguestoperatingsystemsdisplaysothatitfillsasmuchofthe
screenaspossibleinquickswitchmode,chooseView>FitGuestNow.
Toexitquickswitchmode,pointtothetopofthescreenandchooseView>Quick
Switch.
Thefullscreentoolbarisnotavailableinexclusivemode.Toconfigureanyvirtual
machinesettings,youneedtoexitexclusivemode(pressCtrl+Alt).
OnWindows,exclusivemodedoesnotusemultiplemonitors.
Exclusivemodecausesthehostresolutiontoresize,whichcancauseitemsonthe
hostdesktoptobemoved.
VMware, Inc.
165
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
Ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,movetheWorkstationwindowontothemonitor
youwanttouse.
PressCtrl+Alt+Enter.
Onthefullscreentoolbar,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindowshosts,clicktheWorkstationicontodisplaythesystemmenu
andchooseExclusiveMode.
OnLinuxhosts,clicktheViewmenuonthefullscreentoolbarandchoose
ExclusiveMode.
Toexitexclusivemodeandreturntowindowedmode,dothefollowing:
a
PressCtrl+Alttoexitexclusivemodeandreturntofullscreenmode.
PressCtrl+Alt+Entertoexitfullscreenmodeandreturntothewindowed
mode.
166
ThevirtualmachineisaWorkstation6.xorhighervirtualmachine.
VMwareToolsisinstalledandrunninginthevirtualmachinesguestoperating
system.TheversionofVMwareToolsmustbetheversionincludedin
Workstation 7.0.Forinstructions,seeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
TheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachineisWindowsXP,WindowsVista,
Windows7,orLinux.
VMware, Inc.
Onthehost,thedisplaysettingsformonitorsmustbesetinacompatibletopology.
Forexample,theleftmostmonitorcannotbeplacedlowerthananyothermonitor
inthedisplaytopology.Itdoesnotmatterifthemonitorshavedifferentresolutions
ororientations.Whenenteringfullscreenmode,themonitorthatcontainsthe
Workstationwindowcannotbelowerthananothermonitor.
Putanotherway:WhenyouusetheWindowsdisplaypropertiescontrols,ifyou
selectamonitoriconandbegintodragittoanewlocation,atooltipdisplaysthe
coordinates.Ifacoordinateshownforthenewlocationoftheiconisanegative
number,thatlocationwillnotwork.
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheDisplaytabandintheFullScreensection,selectAutofitguestandclick
OK.
Selectavirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectDisplay.
IfDisplaydoesnotappearinthelistontheHardwaretab,itprobablymeansthat
thevirtualmachineisaWorkstation4or5.xvirtualmachine.OnlyWorkstation6.x
orhighervirtualmachineshavethisfeature.
OnthesettingspanelfortheDisplaytab,specifyhowtodeterminethenumberof
monitors.
Inmostcases,selectUsehostsettingformonitors.Ifthevirtualmachineisrunon
ahostthatisusingonemonitor,thevirtualmachinedetectsonlyonemonitor.But
ifthesamevirtualmachineismovedtoahostthatisusingtwomonitors,the
virtualmachinedetectstwomonitors.
Thenumberofmonitorsdependsonthenumberofmonitorsthatthehost
recognizesatstartup.Forexample,ifyoupoweronalaptopthatisundocked,the
hostsettingisonemonitor,evenifyoulaterplacetherunninglaptopinadocking
stationthatusestwomonitors.
VMware, Inc.
167
Similarly,ifthehosthasonemonitorandyoususpendthevirtualmachineand
changethehosttohavetwomonitors,whenyouresumethevirtualmachine,itis
stillconfiguredtouseonemonitor.Youmustrestartthevirtualmachinetodetect
thenewsettings.
Youmightwanttosetaspecificnumberofmonitorsif,forexample,youare
writinganapplicationtobedisplayedonmultiplemonitorsbutthehostyouare
usinghasonlyonemonitor.
8
Ifyousetaspecificnumberofmonitors,specifyasufficientmaximumresolution.
Theresolutionofahostmonitorthatyouusetodisplaythevirtualmachinemust
notexceedtheMaximumresolutionsettingthatyouspecify.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandchooseView>FullScreen.
Formoreinformation,seeUseFullScreenModeonpage 162.
Makesurethevirtualmachineiscompletelypoweredon.Ifwhenyoupoweron
thevirtualmachine,itissettoberestoredfromasnapshotandifbackground
snapshotsareenabled,poweringonmighttakelonger.Inthiscase,displayingthe
virtualmachinetotwomonitorsmightnotworkcorrectlyatfirst.Ifyouseethis
issue,gotoEdit>Preferences>Priorityanddeselectthecheckboxcalled
Take andrestoresnapshotsinthebackground.
10
Onthefullscreentoolbar,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbutton.
Thisbuttonisavailableonlyifthehosthasmultiplemonitors.Thisbuttonisshown
inFigure 71,FullScreenToolbaronaWindowsHost,onpage 162.
ClickingtheCycleMultipleMonitorsbuttoncausestheguestoperatingsystems
desktoptoextendtotheadditionalmonitorormonitors.
Ifthevirtualmachinedoesnotappearcorrectly,usethesystemmenu(on
Windowshosts)ortheViewmenu(onLinuxhosts)andselectAutofitGuest.
11
Ifyouhavemorethantwomonitors,andyouwantthevirtualmachinetouse
them,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbuttonagain.
Theorderinwhichthemonitorsareuseddependsontheorderinwhichthe
monitorswereaddedtothehostoperatingsystem.
12
168
Toreturntousingonlyonemonitor,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbutton
untilthedisplayreturnstoonemonitor.
VMware, Inc.
ToopenmultipleWorkstationwindows,chooseFile>New>Window.
OnLinuxhosts,althoughyoucanhavemultipleWorkstationwindows,the
windowsoperateinasingleWorkstationprocess,whichsavesmemoryandallows
preferencesandFavoriteslistitemstobeshared.
(Optional)OnLinuxhosts,torunseparateWorkstationprocessesindifferent
X servers,startthesecondinstanceofWorkstationwiththe-Wflag.
Inaterminalwindow,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware -W &
StartoneormorevirtualmachinesineachWorkstationwindow.
Ifyouhaveavirtualmachinerunninginonewindowandyouwanttorunthat
virtualmachineinanotherWorkstationwindow,closethevirtualmachineinthe
firstwindowbeforeyouattempttoopenitinanother.
DrageachWorkstationwindowtothemonitoronwhichyouwanttouseit.
Toswitchmouseandkeyboardinputfromthevirtualmachineonthefirstmonitor
tothevirtualmachineonthesecondmonitor,movethemousepointerfromone
screentotheotherandclickinsidethesecondmonitor.
VMware, Inc.
169
Description
AutofitWindow
CausestheWorkstationconsoletomaintainthesizeofthevirtual
machinesdisplayresolution.Iftheguestoperatingsystemchangesits
resolution,theWorkstationconsoleresizestomatchthenewresolution.
AutofitGuest
Causesthevirtualmachinetoresizetheguestdisplayresolutionto
matchthesizeoftheWorkstationconsole.
FitWindowNow
CausestheWorkstationconsoletomatchthecurrentdisplaysizeofthe
guestoperatingsystem.
FitGuestNow
Causestheguestoperatingsystemdisplaysizetomatchthecurrent
Workstationconsole.
AnAutofitcommandistoggledonoroffeachtimeyouselectit.IfAutofitWindow
andAutofitGuestaretoggledon,youcanmanuallyresizetheWorkstationconsole,
buttheguestoperatingsystemcanalsoresizetheWorkstationconsole.
TheFitWindowNoworFitGuestNowcommandisredundantifthecorresponding
Autofitcommandisactivebecausetheconsoleandtheguestoperatingsystemdisplay
arethesamesize.
170
Ifyouhavevirtualmachinesthatweresuspendedunderaversionof
VMware Toolsearlierthanversion5.5,displayresizingdoesnotworkuntilthe
virtualmachinesarecompletelypoweredoffandpoweredonagain.(Rebooting
theguestoperatingsystemisnotsufficient.)
UpdateVMwareToolstothelatestversionintheguestforthedisplayresizing
optionstowork.
BeforeyoucanusetheAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowoptions,VMwareTools
mustberunning.
VMware, Inc.
AlltherestrictionsforresizingthattheX11Windowssystemimposesonphysical
hostsapplytoguests:
Youcannotresizetoamodethatisnotdefined.TheVMwareTools
configurationscriptcanaddalargenumberofmodelines,butyoucannot
resizein1pixelincrementsasyoucaninWindows.VMwareToolsadds
modelinesin100pixelincrements.Thismeansyoucannotresizeaguest
largerthanthelargestmodedefinedinyourX11configurationfile.Ifyou
attempttoresizelargerthanthatmode,ablackborderappearsandtheguest
stopsincreasing.
TheXserveralwaysstartsupinthelargestresolutionthatisdefined.
You cannotavoidthisrestriction.TheXDM/KDM/GDMloginscreenalways
appearsatthelargestsize.ButGnomeandKDEallowyoutospecifyyour
preferredresolution,sothatyoucanreducetheguestdisplaysizeafteryou
login.
UpdateVMwareToolstoversion7.0intheguestforthedisplayresizingoptions
towork.
BeforeyoucanusetheAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowoptions,VMwareTools
mustberunning.
Solaris10guestsmustberunninganXorgXserverandJDS/Gnome.
VMware, Inc.
171
Useoneofthefollowingstrategiestoworkaroundthisproblemwithnonstandard
resolutions:
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutionishighenough,youcanenlargethe
windowandchooseFitGuestNow.
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutiondoesnotallowyoutoenlargethe
Workstationconsolesufficiently,youcanmanuallysettheguestoperating
systemsscreenresolutionto640480orlarger.
16color(VGA)mode
8bitpseudocolor
16bitsperpixel(16significantbitsperpixel)
32bitsperpixel(24significantbitsperpixel)
Ifthehostisin15bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer15bitmodeinplaceof16bitmode.
Ifthehostisin24bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer24bitmodeinplaceof32bitmode.
Ifyourunaguestoperatingsystemsetforagreaternumberofcolorsthanyourhost
operatingsystemisusing,youcanencounterproblems.Insomecases,forexample,the
colorsintheguestarenotcorrect.Inothers,theguestoperatingsystemcannotusea
graphicalinterface.
172
VMware, Inc.
Youcantryeitherofthefollowingsolutions:
Increasethenumberofcolorsavailableonthehost.
Decreasethenumberofcolorsusedintheguest.
Forbestperformance,usethesamenumberofcolorsintheguestandonthehost.
InaWindowsguest,theDisplayPropertiescontrolpaneloffersonlythosesettings
thataresupported.
InaLinuxorFreeBSDguest,youmustchangethecolordepthbeforeyoustartthe
Xserver,oryoumustrestarttheXserveraftermakingthechanges.
WorkstationnowofferssupportforDirectXgamesandapplicationswithDirectX
versions9andlower.
Supportfor3Dapplicationsisnotoptimizedforperformance.
VMware, Inc.
173
OpenGLapplicationsruninsoftwareemulationmode.
Youcannotusetherecord/replayfeaturetorecorda3Dapplication.
Upgradethehostsvideodriverstothelatestversionavailable:
a
ATIGraphicsdriversareavailablefromtheAMDWebsite.
NVIDIAdriversareavailablefromtheNVIDIAWebsite.
IfyouareusingaWindowshost,turnuphardwareaccelerationinthedisplay
properties:
OnWindowsXP,rightclickthedesktopandchooseProperties>Settings>
Advanced>Troubleshoot.
OnWindowsVista,rightclickthedesktopandchoosePersonalize>Display
Settings>AdvancedSettings>Troubleshoot>Changesettings.
OnWindows7,rightclickthedesktopandchoosePersonalize>Screen
resolution>AdvancedSettings>Troubleshoot>Changesettings.
MovetheHardware AccelerationsliderallthewaytotheFullposition.
3
IfyouareusingLinux,testyourLinuxhostforcompatibility:
a
Toverifythatdirectrenderingisenabled,run:
glxinfo | grep direct
Toensurethat3Dapplicationsworkonyourhost,run:
glxgears
Afteryourhostisconfigured,configureavirtualmachineforaccelerated3D.
174
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoffratherthansuspended.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectDisplay.
IntheMonitorssection,ifthevirtualmachineissettousemorethanonemonitor,
setittouseonlyonemonitor.
Inthe3DGraphicssection,makesurethecheckboxisselectedandclickOK.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
InstallDirectX9.0cEndUserRuntime.
ThisdownloadisavailablefromMicrosoftDownloadCenter.
Installandrunyour3Dapplications.
Configuring Sound
WorkstationprovidesasounddevicecompatiblewiththeSoundBlasterAudioPCIand
supportssoundinWindows95,Windows98,WindowsMe,WindowsNT,Windows
XP,WindowsVista,Windows7,WindowsServer2003,andLinuxguestoperating
systems.TheWorkstationsounddeviceisenabledbydefault.
Soundsupportincludespulsecodemodulation(PCM)outputandinput.Forexample,
youcanplay.wavfiles,MP3audio,andRealMediaaudio.MIDIoutputfromWindows
guestsissupportedbytheWindowssoftwaresynthesizer.MIDIinputisnotsupported,
andnoMIDIsupportisavailableforLinuxguests.
VMware, Inc.
175
Workstation7.0forLinuxsupportsAdvancedLinuxSoundArchitecture(ALSA).
WindowsXP,WindowsVista,Windows7andmostrecentLinuxdistributionsdetect
thesounddeviceandinstallappropriatedriversforit.
ForWindowsVistaorWindows7,whenyouinstallVMwareToolsina64bitWindows
VistaorWindows7guestoperatingsystem,asounddriverisinstalled.For32bit
WindowsVistaandWindows7guestsandWindows2003Serverguests,useWindows
Updatetoinstalla32bitdriver.
176
TheALSAlibraryversiononthehostsystemmustbeversion1.0.16orlater.
ThesoundcardonyourhostmachinemustsupportALSA.Thealsaproject.org
Websitemaintainsacurrentlistingofsoundcardsandchipsetsthatsupport
ALSA.
Thecurrentusermusthavetheappropriatepermissionstoaccessthesound
device.
Thesounddeviceonthehostmustnotbemuted.Youcanusethealsamixer
graphicalmixerprogramtoensurethatthesounddeviceisnotmuted.Enter
alsmixerfromacommandprompt.Documentationforthealsamixerprogram
isavailableontheInternet.
VMware, Inc.
Description
Tolistthenameandtypeofthesoundchipsetonyourhost
machine
cat /proc/asound/cards
Tolistthesoundcardsonyourhostmachine
alsamixer
Todeterminewhetherthecurrentuserhastheappropriate
permissionstoaccessthesounddevice
Ifthecurrentuserdoesnothavepermissions,anerrorsimilartothefollowingmessage
appears:
alsamixer: function snd_ctl_open failed for default: No such device.
Givetheuserread,write,andexecutepermissionstothedirectorycontainingthe
ASLAsounddevice.Typically,theALSAsounddeviceisfoundin/dev/snd/,butthis
locationmayvary,dependingonyourdistributionofLinux.
Using ALSA in a Virtual Machine
YoucanconfigureyourvirtualmachinetouseALSAintheVirtualMachineSettings
dialogbox.
To use ALSA in a virtual machine
1
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectSoundCard.
MakesurethattheConnectedandConnectatpoweroncheckboxesarechecked.
SelectoneoftheConnectioncheckboxes.
5
VMware, Inc.
Command
Description
Usedefaulthostsoundcard
TohaveWorkstationdetectthehostsoundcard
Specifyhostsoundcard
Tochooseasoundcard.Makeaselectionfromthe
dropdownmenu.Thedropdownmenudisplays
PCMdevicesforeverysoundcardonthehostsystem.
ClickSave.
177
Using an ALSA Sound Device that Does Not Appear in Virtual Machine Settings
FollowthisproceduretouseanALSAsounddevicethatdoesnotappearinVirtual
MachineSettings.
To use an ALSA sound device that does not appear in Virtual Machine Settings
1
DeterminethenameoftheALSAsounddevice.
Usingthealsa-utilspackage,atacommandprompt,enteraplay -Ltolist
ALSAsounddevicesonyoursystem.
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectSoundCard.
MakesuretheConnectedandConnectatpoweroncheckboxesarechecked.
SelectSpecifyhostsoundcardandenterthenameoftheALSAsounddeviceto
use,forexamplefront:CARD=Intel,DEV=0
ClickSave.
178
Openthe.vmxvirtualmachineconfigurationfilewithatexteditor.
Addtheoptionsound.skipAlsaVersionCheck = "TRUE".
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>RemovableDevicesandverifythatthevirtualmachinehasaccess
totheCDROMdrive,ISOimagefile,orfloppydrivewheretheinstallation
softwareislocated.
Formoreinformation,seeAddDVDorCDDrivestoaVirtualMachineon
page 250.
ChooseVM>SettingsandusetheMemorysettingspanelontheHardwaretabto
setthefinalmemorysizeforthevirtualmachine.
Someapplicationsuseaproductactivationfeaturethatcreatesakeybasedonthe
virtualhardwareinthevirtualmachinewhereitisinstalled.Changesinthe
configurationofthevirtualmachinemightrequireyoutoreactivatethesoftware.
Tominimizethenumberofsignificantchanges,setthememorysize.
InstallVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystem.
SeeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.InstallingVMwareToolsbefore
installingthenewapplicationalsominimizesthelikelihoodofrequiringyouto
reactivatethesoftware.
Installthenewapplicationaccordingtothemanufacturersinstructions.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredofforon.
VMware, Inc.
ChooseVM>Settings.
179
OntheHardwaretab,selectProcessors.
IntheExecutionModesection,selectDisableaccelerationforbinarytranslation
andclickOK.
Thissettingslowsdownvirtualmachineperformance.VMwarerecommendsthat
youusethesettingonlyforgettingpasttheproblemwithrunningtheprogram.
Afteryoupassthepointwheretheprogramencounteredproblems,repeatStep 2
throughStep 4anddeselectDisableaccelerationforbinarytranslation.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectPower.
SelecttheReportbatteryinformationtoguestcheckboxandclickOK.
180
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectAdd.
IntheAddHardwareWizarddialogbox,selectVirtualPrinterandFinish.
Thedefaultdevicesettingistoconnectthevirtualprinterwhenthevirtual
machineispoweredon.
WhentheACEVirtualPrinterpolicyisenabled,VirtualPrinterisavailableandcannot
beremoveduntiltheACEVirtualPrinterpolicyisdisabled.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
ChooseVM>RemovableDevices><Device_Name>andthenConnect,
Disconnect,oroneoftheotherchoices.
IfyouchooseSettings,adialogboxappears.Maketheneededchangesandclick
OK.Ifyouneedassistance,clickHelptodisplayonlinehelp.
IfthedeviceisaUSBdevice,youcanchangewhichiconisusedtorepresentthis
deviceinthestatusbar.Youcanalsochoosenottodisplayaniconforthisdevice.
VMware, Inc.
181
(Optional)Toconnect,disconnect,orchangesettingsforadevice,clickor
rightclickthedeviceiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbarandchoosea
commandfromthecontextmenu.
Usingthedeviceiconinthevirtualmachinetaskbarisespeciallyusefulifyourun
thevirtualmachineinfullscreenmode.
Displaysabriefdescriptionofthetypeofserverorappliance
Providesalinkthatopensthebrowseronthehostsystemandconnectstothe
appliancesmanagementconsole
NOTETheapplianceviewcannotbedisplayedforvirtualmachinesthatarepartofa
team,justasthesummaryviewisnotdisplayedforindividualmembersofateam.
To configure the appliance view for a virtual machine
1
(Optional)Tousealogointheapplianceview,createaPNGorBMPimagefilethat
isnolargerthan256x256pixelsandplaceitinthedirectorythatcontainsthe.vmx
fileforthevirtualmachine.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
182
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectApplianceView.
SelecttheEnableapplianceviewcheckbox.
VMware, Inc.
Completethefieldsonthissettingspaneltocreatethetextandimagesthatusers
seewhenthevirtualmachinestartsup.
Usethefollowinginformationtoconfigurethesettingsonthispanel:
OnlytheNamefieldisrequired.
SpecifytheTCP/IPportnumberfortheappliancetousetoserveHTTP
content.
IfyoudonotselectSwitchtoapplianceviewatpoweron,theconsoleview
appearsinsteadoftheapplianceview.Oftentheconsoleviewshowsonlya
simpledisplayofthevirtualmachinesIPaddressandtellstheusertoopena
browser.
ClickOK.
Whenauserstartsthisvirtualmachine,theapplianceviewappears.Apoweringon
messageappears,followedbyalinktoaccesstheappliancesmanagementconsole.
Specifyyourpreferencesfortakingscreenshots:
a
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,usetheSavescreenshotstocheckboxestospecify
whethertosavethescreenshottotheclipboard,afile,orboth.
IfyouselectFile,specifywhethertosavethefiletoyourdesktoportobe
promptedforthelocationwhenyoutakethescreenshot.
IfyouselectSavetodesktop,thefilenameisgeneratedautomaticallyfromthe
virtualmachinenameandthetimeatwhichthescreenshotistaken.Thefile
formatis.pngfile.
OnWindowshosts,ifyouselectAskforlocation,whenyouarepromptedfor
thefilenameandpath,youcanalsochangethefileformattobitmap.
VMware, Inc.
ClickOK.
183
Totakethescreenshot,dooneofthefollowing:
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>CaptureScreen.
PressCtrl+Alt+PrtScr(onWindowshosts)orShift+Ctrl+PrtScr(onLinux
hosts).
Thekeyboardshortcutworksregardlessofwhethermouseandkeyboard
inputiscurrentlygrabbedbythevirtualmachineorthehost.
ThekeycombinationCtrl+Alt+PrtScrassumesthatyourvirtualmachineis
configuredtoungrabkeyboardandmouseinputifyoupressCtrl+Alt.Ifyou
configuredadifferentshortcutforungrabbinginput,usethatshortcutwith
thePrtScrkey.SeeChangetheHotKeyCombinationonpage 74.
184
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
ChooseVM>CaptureMovie.
VMware, Inc.
IntheSaveFiledialogbox,enterinformationforyourmovieandclickSave.
Usethefollowingguidelines:
TheQualitysettingdeterminesthecompressionandthereforethefilesizeof
theresultingmovie.
IfyouselectOmitframesinwhichnothingoccurs,themovieincludesonly
thoseperiodswhensomethingisactuallyhappeninginthevirtualmachine.
Thisreducesthefilesizeandlengthofthemovie.
Whilemoviecaptureisactive,aredcircle(avirtualLED)appearsinthe
notificationareaofthetaskbar.
Inthevirtualmachine,performtheactionstoappearinthemovie.
Tostopthemovie,chooseVM>StopMovieCapture.
Ifyoudonotwanttousethemenubarorifyouareusingthevirtualmachinein
fullscreenmode,rightclickthemoviecaptureiconandchooseStopMovie
Capture.
Workstationsavesthisimageasan.avifileonthehost.
Playthemoviebackinanycompatiblemediaplayer.
VIXAPIforwritingprogramstoautomatevirtualmachineoperations TheAPI
ishighlevel,easytouse,andpracticalforbothscriptwritersandapplication
programmers.APIfunctionsallowyoutoregister,poweronoroffvirtual
machines,andrunprogramsintheguestoperatingsystems.Additionallanguage
bindingsareavailableforPerl,COM,andshellscripts(vmrun).Formore
information,seetheVMwareVIXAPIReleaseNotes.
VAssertAPIforinsertingreplayonlycodetodebugapplications The
experimentalVAssertfeatureenablesyoutousevirtualassertionsasyouwould
regularassertionsintheapplicationsyoudevelop.VAssertsappearonlywhenyou
replayarecordingofusingtheapplicationandsoareoverheadfree.ThisAPIis
currentlyavailableonlyforWindowsguests.SeetheVAssertProgrammingGuide.
VMware, Inc.
185
186
VProbestoolforinvestigatingguestbehavior YoucanwriteVProbesscripts
thatinspectandrecordactivitiesintheguest,VMM,VMX,andvirtualdevicestate,
withoutmodifyingthatstate.Forexample,VProbescantrackwhichapplications
arerunningorindicatewhichprocessesarecausingpagefaults.SeetheVProbes
ProgrammingReference.
VMCISocketsinterface ThisfeatureisasocketsinterfacefortheVirtual
MachineCommunicationInterface,whichprovidesafastermeansof
communicationamongapplicationsrunningonthehostandinvirtualmachines.
Thisfeatureiswellsuitedfordeveloperswhowanttowriteclientserver
applications.SeetheVMCISocketsProgrammingGuide.
IntegratedVirtualDebuggersforVisualStudioandEclipse Theintegrated
developmentenvironment(IDE)pluginsprovideaconfigurableinterface
betweenvirtualmachinesandVisualStudioorEclipsethatletsyoutest,run,and
debugprogramsinvirtualmachines.SeetheIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforEclipse
DevelopersGuideandIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforVisualStudioDevelopersGuide.
VMware, Inc.
Thischapterdiscusseshowtotransferfilesbetweenthehostandguest.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
UsingtheDragandDropFeatureonpage 187
UsingtheCopyandPasteFeatureonpage 189
UsingSharedFoldersonpage 190
UsingaMappedDriveonpage 198
Afilemanager,suchasWindowsExplorer,onthehosttoafilemanagerinthe
virtualmachineandthereverse.
Afilemanagertoanapplicationthatsupportsdraganddrop.
Applicationssuchaszipfilemanagersthatsupportdraganddropextractionof
individualfiles.
Onevirtualmachinetoanother.
VMware, Inc.
187
Whenyoudragafileorfolderfromhosttovirtualmachineorthereverse,Workstation
copiesthefileorfoldertothelocationwhereyoudropit.Forexample,ifyoudropafile
onthedesktopiconofawordprocessor,thewordprocessoropenswithacopyofthe
originalfile.Theoriginalfiledoesnotreflectanychangesyoumaketothecopy.
Initially,theapplicationopensusingacopyofthefilethatisstoredinyourtemp
directory.OnWindows,thisisthedirectoryspecifiedinthe%TEMP%environment
variable,andonLinuxandSolaris,itisthe/tmp/VMwareDnDdirectory.Toprotectany
changesyoumake,selectFile>SaveAsfromtheapplicationmenuandsavethefilein
adifferentdirectory.
YoucandragimagesbetweenapplicationsonWindowshostsandapplicationsonlyon
Windowsguests,ineitherdirection.Youcanalsodragplaintext,formattedtext,and
emailattachmentsbetweenapplicationsonWindowsandLinuxhostsandguestsin
anycombination,ineitherdirection.Draggingemailattachmentsisespeciallyusefulin
Unitymode.
Thedraganddropfeaturehasthefollowingrestrictions:
Draggingemailattachmentsisrestrictedtoimagesorfilessmallerthan4MB.
Draggingplaintextandformattedtext(includingtheformatting)isrestrictedto
amountslessthan4MB.
DraggingtextisrestrictedtotextinlanguagesthatcanberepresentedbyUnicode
characters.
WorkstationusesthePNGformattoencodeimagesthataredragged.Dragging
imagesisrestrictedtoimagessmallerthan4MBafterconversiontoPNGformat.
DraggingimagesisnotsupportedforLinuxhostsorguests.
OnWindows95andWindows98guests,thedraganddropfeatureissupported
onlyforfilesanddirectories.
188
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
ClicktheOptionstabandselectGuestIsolation.
SelectordeselecttheEnabledraganddropcheckboxandclickOK.
Copyingandpastingemailattachmentsisrestrictedtoimagesorfilessmallerthan
4MB.
Copyingandpastingplaintextandformattedtext(includingtheformatting)is
restrictedtoamountslessthan4MB.
Copyingandpastingtextisrestrictedtotextinlanguagesthatcanberepresented
byUnicodecharacters.
WorkstationusesthePNGformattoencodeimagesthatarecopiedandpasted.
Copyingandpastingimagesisrestrictedtoimagessmallerthan4MBafter
conversiontoPNGformat.
Youcannotcopyandpastefilesbetweenvirtualmachines.
OnWindows95andWindows98guests,copyingandpastingisrestrictedtoplain
textinamountslessthan64KB.
VMware, Inc.
189
Selectthevirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectGuestIsolation.
SelectordeselecttheEnablecopyandpastecheckboxandclickOK.
190
WindowsServer2003
WindowsXP
Windows2000
WindowsNT4.0
WindowsVista
Windows7
Linuxwithakernelversionof2.6orhigher
Solarisx8610
Solarisx8610Update1andhigher
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
Makesurethevirtualmachinesuseaguestoperatingsystemthatsupportsshared
folders.Foralistofsupportedguestoperatingsystems,seeUsingShared
Foldersonpage 190.
VerifythatthecurrentversionofVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguest.See
InstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
Checkpermissionsettings.Accesstofilesinthesharedfolderisgovernedby
permissionsettingsonthehostcomputer.Forexample,ifyouarerunning
WorkstationasausernamedUser,thevirtualmachinecanreadandwritefilesin
thesharedfolderonlyifUserhaspermissiontoreadandwritethem.For
informationabouthowpermissionsettingaremappedbetweenLinuxand
Windows,seeImprovedHandlingofPermissionsonpage 198.
Tosetupafolderforsharingbetweenvirtualmachines,configureeachvirtualmachine
tousethesamedirectoryonthehostsystem(oronthenetwork).
To set up shared folders
1
StartWorkstationandselectavirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectSharedFolders.
SelectAlwaysenabledorEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspend.
YoucanselectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendonlywhenthevirtual
machineispoweredon.Thissettingenablesfoldersharingtemporarily,untilyou
shutdown,suspend,orrestartthevirtualmachine.Youmustselectthisoptionor
AlwaysenabledtoenableordisablespecificfoldersintheFolderssection.
(Optional)Foreasyaccess,selecttheMapasanetworkdriveinWindowsguests
checkboxtomapadrivetotheShared Foldersdirectory.
Thisdirectorycontainsallthesharedfoldersyouenable.Thedriveletterisselected
automatically.
VMware, Inc.
191
ClickAdd.
OnWindows,clickingAddstartstheAddSharedFolderwizard.OnLinux,it
openstheSharedFolderPropertiesdialogbox.
UsethefollowinginformationtocompletethewizardorPropertiesdialogbox:
NameNamethatappearsinsidethevirtualmachine.
Charactersthattheguestoperatingsystemconsidersillegalinasharename
appeardifferentlywhenviewedinsidetheguest.Forexample,ifyouusean
asteriskinasharename,yousee%002Ainsteadof*inthesharenameonthe
guest.IllegalcharactersareconvertedtotheirASCIIhexadecimalvalue.
HostfolderPathonthehosttothedirectorythatyouwanttoshare.
Ifyouspecifyadirectoryonanetworkshare,suchasD:\share,Workstation
alwaysattemptstousethatpath.Ifthedirectoryislaterconnectedtothehost
onadifferentdriveletter,thesharedfoldercannotbelocated.
EnabledorEnablethisshareDeselectthisoptiontodisableasharedfolder
withoutdeletingitfromthevirtualmachineconfiguration.Youcanenablethe
folderbyselectingthecheckboxnexttoitsnameinthelist.
Toenableafolderatalatertimeselectitsnameinthelist,clickProperties,and
enablethefolderinthePropertiesdialogbox.
ReadonlySelectthisoptiontopreventthevirtualmachinefromchanging
thecontentsofthesharedfolderinthehostfilesystem.Accesstofilesinthe
sharedfolderisalsogovernedbypermissionsettingsonthehostcomputer.
Tochangetheseproperties,usethePropertiesdialogbox.OnWindows,afteryou
selectSharedFoldersontheOptionstab,clickProperties.
8
(Optional)Toenablesharedfoldersforavirtualmachineafterasharedfolderis
created,ontheSharedFolderssettingspanel,usetheFolderSharingsection:
SelectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendtoenablefoldersharing
temporarily,untilyoupowerofforsuspendthevirtualmachine.
IfyouselectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendandrestarttheguestor
usetheguestoperatingsystemtoshutdown,sharedfoldersarenotdisabled
whenyourestartthevirtualmachine.
192
SelectAlwaysenabledtoenableordisablespecificfoldersintheFolders
section.
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
Accesstheenabledsharedfolder:
ForWindowsguests,seeViewSharedFoldersinaWindowsGueston
page 195.
OnLinuxguests,sharedfoldersappearunder/mnt/hgfs.
OnSolarisguests,sharedfoldersappearunder/hgfs.
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,intheVirtualMachinessection,selectEnableallshared
foldersbydefault.
Thissettingappliestosharedfoldersonallvirtualmachinesthatarecreatedby
otherusers,suchasappliancedevelopers.
Youcannowspecifywhichvirtualmachinescansharefoldersandwhichfolderscan
beshared.
VMware, Inc.
193
Selectavirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectSharedFolders.
UsethebuttonsintheFolderSharingsectiontoenableordisablesharedfolders
andclickOK.
YoucanselectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendonlywhenthevirtual
machineispoweredon.Thissettingenablesfoldersharingtemporarily,untilyou
shutdown,suspend,orrestartthevirtualmachine.Youmustselectthisoptionor
AlwaysenabledtoenableordisablespecificfoldersintheFolderssection.
IfthevirtualmachinehasaWindowsoperatingsystem,selectwhethertomapa
networkdrive.
OnWindows,ifyoudisablesharedfolders,afteryoupoweronavirtualmachine
andattempttoselectamappeddrivetothesharedfolder,youreceiveamessage
thattheconnectioncannotbemade.
Afteryouenablefoldersharingforavirtualmachine,specifywhichfolderscanbe
shared.
194
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings>Options>SharedFolders.
IntheFolderslistforthevirtualmachine,selectthecheckboxnexttothenameof
thesharedfolderthatyouwanttoenable.
(Optional)Tomakethesharedfolderreadonly,selectthesharedfolderandclick
Properties,selectthereadonlycheckboxandclickOK.
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
LookinMyNetworkPlaces>EntireNetwork(NetworkNeighborhoodfora
WindowsNTguest,orNetworkforWindowsVistaandWindows7)under
VMwareSharedFolders.
Ifyouhavetroublefindingasharedfolderusingthedesktopicon,openWindows
ExplorerandlookinMyNetworkPlaces(orNetworkNeighborhood).
VMware, Inc.
Toviewaspecificsharedfolder,dooneofthefollowing:
NavigatetoitontheguestsystembyopeningMyNetworkPlaces>Entire
Network>VMwareSharedFolders>vmwarehost>SharedFolders>
<shared_folder_name>.
GodirectlytothefolderusingtheUNCpath
\\vmware-host\Shared Folders\<shared_folder_name>.
195
OnaLinuxvirtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearunder/mnt/hgfs.
OnaSolarisvirtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearunder/hgfs.
Performance Improvements
Hostguestfilesharingisintegratedwiththeguestpagecache.Filesinsharedfolders
arecachedforreadingandcanbewrittentoasynchronously.However,youdonot
experiencethereadcachingbenefitsonfilesthatarebeingactivelywrittentofromthe
guest.
Tospeedperformance,usethettl(timetolive)optiontothemountcommand.Usethis
optiontospecifytheintervalusedbythehgfs(hostguestfilesystem)driverfor
validatingfileattributes.Forexample,ifyouusethefollowingcommand,attributesare
validatedevery3secondsinsteadofevery1second,whichisthedefault:
mount -o ttl=3 -t vmhgfs .host:/<share> <mountpoint>
NOTELengtheningtheintervalinvolvessomerisk.Ifaprocessinthehostmodifiesa
filesattributes,theguestmightnotgetthemodificationsasquickly,andthefilecan
becomecorrupted.
196
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
Folder Mounting
Thismechanismallowsyoutomountoneormoredirectoriesorsubdirectoriesina
sharedfoldertoanylocationinyourfilesysteminadditiontothedefaultlocationof
/mnt/hgfs.Youcanusethemountprogramtomountallshares,oneshare,ora
subdirectorywithinasharetoanylocationinyourfilesystem.Thefollowingtable
providesexamples.
Command
Description
Mountsallsharesto
/home/user1/shares
Mountsthesharenamedfooto
/tmp/foo
Mountsthesubdirectorybarwithin
thesharefooto/var/lib/bar
Whenyouusethemountprogram,youcanuseVMwarespecificoptionsinadditionto
thestandardmountsyntax.Toseeusageinformationforthehostguestfilesystem
options,enterthiscommand:
/sbin/mount.vmhgfs -h
NOTEWhenyouinstallVMwareTools,anentryismadetoetc/fstabtospecifythe
locationofsharedfolders.Youcaneditthisfiletochangeoraddentries.
Tousemountinthisway,youmustusethevirtualmachinesettingseditorin
Workstationtosetupandenableasharedfolder.Aftertheshareexists,youcanmount
thesharedfoldertootherlocationsbesidesthedefault.
InpreviousversionsofVMwareTools,whenaLinuxguestattemptedtomounta
sharedfolder,thevmware-guestdprogramattemptedtoperformthemount.Ifit
failed,theonlyevidenceofthefailurewasanemptyfolder.
WiththenewversionofVMwareTools,theToolsservicesscriptloadsadriverthat
performsthemount.Ifthemountfails,amessageappearsregardingmountingHGFS
shares.
Themountcanfailifsharedfoldersaredisabledorifthesharedoesnotexist.Youare
notpromptedtoreruntheVMwareToolsconfigurator(the
vmware-config-tools.plfile).
VMware, Inc.
197
IfyouuseaLinuxhostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinuxguest,
thefilepermissionsshownontheguestareexactlythesameasthoseonthehost.
Usefmaskanddmasktomaskpermissionsbitsforfilesanddirectories.
IfyouuseaWindowshostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinux
guest,readonlyfilesaredisplayedashavingreadandexecutepermissionfor
everyone,andotherfilesareshownasfullywritablebyeveryone.
IfyouuseaLinuxguesttocreatefilesforwhichyouwanttorestrictpermissions,
usethemountprogramwiththefollowingoptionsintheguest:uid,gid,fmask,
dmask,ro(readonly),andrw(readwrite).Notethatrwisthedefault.
IfyouareusingavirtualmachinecreatedwiththeWindowsversionof
WorkstationorapreviousreleaseoftheLinuxversionofWorkstation,youcan
changeonlytheownerpermissions.Thisbehavioristhesameasinprevious
releases.
198
VMware, Inc.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest
YoucanmountvolumesformattedwithFAT(12/16/32)orNTFSonly.Ifthevirtual
diskhasamixofpartitions(volumes)where,forexample,apartitionis
unformattedorisformattedwithaLinuxoperatingsystemandanotherpartition
isformattedwithaWindowsoperatingsystem,youcanmounttheWindows
partitiononly.
Youcanmountavirtualdiskthathasasnapshot,butifyouwritetothedisk,you
canirreparablydamageasnapshotorlinkedclonepreviouslycreatedfromthe
virtualmachine.
Youcannotmountavirtualdiskifanyofits.vmdkfilesarecompressedorhave
readonlypermissions.Changetheseattributesbeforemountingthevirtualdisk.
Youcannotmapormountavirtualdiskthatisencrypted.
CAUTIONVMwarerecommendsthatyouleavethecheckboxOpenfilein
readonlymodeselectedintheMapaVirtualDiskdialogbox.Thissetting
preventsyoufromaccidentallywritingdatatoavirtualdiskthatmightbethe
parentofasnapshotorlinkedclone.Writingtosuchadiskmightmakethe
snapshotorcloneunusable.
VMware, Inc.
Openthemenutomountavirtualdisktoadriveonthehost.
OnWindows,selectFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisks.
OnLinux,selectFile>MountorUnmountVirtualDisks.
Mapormountavirtualdisk.
OnWindows,intheMaporDisconnectVirtualDrivesdialogbox,clickMap.
OnLinux,intheMountorUnmountVirtualDrivesdialogbox,clickMount
Disk.
Inthedialogbox,clickBrowse,navigatetoadiskfile(.vmdkfile),selectit,and
clickOpen.
199
Selectthevolumetomapormount,andselectadriveletterthatisnotbeingused
onyourhost.
ClickOKorMount.
Thedriveappearsonyourhost.Fromthehost,youcanreadfromorwritetofiles
onthemappedvirtualdisk.
(Optional)Toviewamappeddrive,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindows,selectFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisks.
OnLinux,selectFile>MountorUnmountVirtualDisks
Whenyouarereadytounmaporunmountthedrive,seeDisconnecttheHostfrom
theVirtualDiskonpage 200.
UsetheFilemenuinWorkstation:
a
ChooseFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisksorMountorUnmount
VirtualDisks.
Inthedialogbox,selectavolumetodisconnectandclickDisconnector
Unmount.
Ifyoureceiveanerrormessageaskingwhethertoforciblydisconnect,click
Yes.
ClickOK.
UsetheVMmenuforaselectedvirtualmachine:
a
ChooseVM>Settings>Hardware.
SelecttheharddiskandclickUtilities>DisconnectorUnmount.
Youcannowpoweronanyvirtualmachinethatusesthisdisk.
200
VMware, Inc.
Suspendingavirtualmachineletsyousavethecurrentstatesothatyoucancontinue
worklaterfromthesamestate.Takingasnapshotletsyoupreservethestateofthe
virtualmachinesoyoucanreturntothesamestaterepeatedly.Thischapterincludes
thefollowingtopics:
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 201
UsingSnapshotsonpage 203
201
Beforeyoubegin,makesureVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem.
SeeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
OnWindowsguests,whenyoudoasoftsuspend,ascriptreleasestheIPaddressifthe
guestoperatingsystemisusingDHCP.OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,the
scriptstopsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.WhenyouusetheResumecommand
onWindowsguests,ascriptgetsanewIPaddressfromDHCP.OnLinux,FreeBSD,and
Solarisguests,networkingrestarts.
To use hard suspend or soft suspend
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectPower.
InthePowercontrolssection,specifyahardsuspend(Suspend)orasoftsuspend
(SuspendGuest)operation.
ClickOK.
Tosuspendavirtualmachine,chooseVM>Power>Suspend.
Ifthevirtualmachineisrunninginexclusivefullscreenmode,whichhidesthe
toolbar,returntowindowedmodebypressingtheCtrl+Alt+Enterkey
combination.
Whenyoususpendavirtualmachine,afilewitha.vmssextensioniscreatedin
theworkingdirectory.
Toresumeasuspendedvirtualmachine,selectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM
>Power>Resume.
Whenyouresumethevirtualmachine,itsstateisrestoredfromthe.vmssfile.
202
VMware, Inc.
Using Snapshots
Takingsnapshotsletsyoupreservethestateofthevirtualmachinesothatyoucan
returntothesamestaterepeatedly.
Windows
operating system
lesson 1
lesson 2
lesson 3
lesson 4
lesson 5
Workstationsupportsmorethan100snapshotsforeachlinearprocess.
Usesnapshotsinalinearprocessforthefollowingsituations:
Youplantomakeriskychangesinavirtualmachine,suchasbytestingnew
softwareorexaminingavirus.Beforeaddingnew,untestedcodetoaproject,take
asnapshot.
Youcanalwaysreverttoapreviousknownworkingstateoftheprojectifthenew
codedoesnotworkasexpected.Ifthenewcodecausesnoproblems,youcantake
anothersnapshotofthevirtualmachineinitsnewstate.
NOTEYoucanconfigureavirtualmachinetotakeasnapshotanytimeitis
poweredoff,preservingavirtualaudittrailasworkprogresses.SeeTakeor
ReverttoaSnapshotatPowerOffonpage 213.
Youcreateatrainingcourseandwanttosavethestateofthevirtualmachineina
snapshotateachlessonsstartingpoint.Youcanusethesnapshotstoskiplengthy
computerpreparationtime.
Youcanalsoconfigurethevirtualmachinetoreverttoasnapshotanytimeitis
poweredoff.Eachtimeanewclassbeginsalesson,thepreviousstudentsworkis
discarded.SeeRevertatPowerOffonpage 211.
VMware, Inc.
203
Windows
operating
system
baseline
IE base
Firefox base
SP1
IE base1
You Are
Here
Firefox base1
SP2
IE base2
Firefox base2
AlthoughWorkstationsupportsmorethan100snapshotsforeachbranchinaprocess
tree,keepingmorethan99mightcausetheguestoperatingsystemtohaveproblems
booting.Deletesomesnapshotsormakeafullcloneofthevirtualmachine.
Snapshot Relationships
Therelationshipbetweensnapshotsislikeaparentchildrelationship:
204
Inalinearprocess,eachsnapshothasoneparentandonechild,exceptforthelast
snapshot,whichhasnochildren.
Inaprocesstree,eachsnapshothasoneparent,butonesnapshotcanhavemore
thanonechild.Manysnapshotshavenochildren.
VMware, Inc.
Theparentsnapshotofavirtualmachineisthesnapshotonwhichthecurrentstate(the
YouAreHerepositioninFigure 93)isbased.Afteryoutakeasnapshot,thatstored
stateistheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.Ifyourevertorgotoanearlier
snapshot,theearliersnapshotbecomestheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.
Figure 9-3. Parent-Child Relationship Between Snapshots
Snapshots 2, 3, and 4
are all children of Snapshot1.
MemorystateContentsofthevirtualmachinememory
SettingsstateVirtualmachinesettings
DiskstateStateofallthevirtualdisks
Thestateofaphysicaldiskisnotpreservedwhenyoutakeasnapshot.However,the
stateofanindependentdiskisnotaffectedbysnapshots.
Snapshotsoperateonindividualvirtualmachines.Ifyouselectateamofvirtual
machinesandtakeasnapshot,onlythestateoftheactivevirtualmachineispreserved.
SeeSummaryandConsoleViewsforTeamsandTheirVirtualMachinesonpage 276.
Whenyoureverttoasnapshot,youreturnthememory,settings,andvirtualdisksof
thevirtualmachinetothestatetheywereinwhenyoutookthesnapshot.Tosuspend,
poweron,orpoweroffthevirtualmachinewhenyoulaunchit,besureitisinthatstate
whenyoutakethesnapshot.
VMware, Inc.
205
Snapshot Conflicts
Avoidtakingasnapshotwhenapplicationsinthevirtualmachinearecommunicating
withothercomputers,especiallyinproductionenvironments.
Supposeyoutakeasnapshotwhilethevirtualmachineisdownloadingafilefroma
serveronthenetwork.Afteryoutakethesnapshot,thevirtualmachinecontinues
downloadingthefile,communicatingitsprogresstotheserver.Ifyoureverttothe
snapshot,communicationsbetweenthevirtualmachineandtheserverareconfused
andthefiletransferfails.
Orconsideracaseinwhichyoutakeasnapshotwhileanapplicationinthevirtual
machineissendingatransactiontoadatabaseonaseparatemachine.Ifyourevertto
thatsnapshotafterthetransactionstartsbutbeforeitiscommitted,thedatabaseis
likelytobeconfused.
206
ChooseEdit>Preferences.
ClickthePrioritytab.
UsethecheckboxintheSnapshotssectiontoenableordisablebackground
snapshots.
ClickOKandrestartthevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectthedrivetoexcludeandclickAdvanced.
SelectIndependentandselectoneofthefollowingoptions:
VMware, Inc.
PersistentDisksinpersistentmodebehavelikeconventionaldisksona
physicalcomputer.Alldatawrittentoadiskinpersistentmodeiswritten
permanentlytothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestodisksinnonpersistentmodearediscardedwhen
youpowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.Nonpersistentmodeenablesyou
torestartthevirtualmachinewithavirtualdiskinthesamestateeverytime.
Changestothediskarewrittentoandreadfromaredologfilethatisdeleted
whenyoupowerofforreset.
207
Snapshotofavirtualmachinethatispoweredoff
Snapshotofavirtualmachinethatispoweredon
Snapshotusedtocreatealinkedclone
Recordingofavirtualmachine
AutoProtectsnapshot
YouAreHereicon
Thesnapshottreeshowsallsnapshotsforthevirtualmachineandtherelationship
betweensnapshots.TheYouAreHereiconisnotasnapshot.Itshowsthecurrentstate
ofthevirtualmachine.SeeSnapshotRelationshipsonpage 204.
NOTEPointtoasnapshot(withoutclicking)todisplaythecompletenameofthat
snapshot.
208
VMware, Inc.
MostsnapshotmanageractionsareavailableasmenucommandsfromtheVM>
Snapshotmenu.Thefollowingactions,however,areavailableonlyfromthesnapshot
manager:
RenamingasnapshotTheNametextboxiseditable.Ifyourenameasnapshot
foraclonedvirtualmachine,usetheDescriptionfieldforfutureidentification.
ChangingoraddingadescriptionTheDescriptiontextboxiseditable.
DeletingasnapshotSeeDeleteaSnapshotoraRecordingonpage 212.
OnLinuxhosts,thesnapshotmanagerhasaslightlydifferentappearance.OnLinux
hosts,rightclickthetoolbartochangetheiconstyle.Youcandisplayiconsandtext,
iconsonly,textonly,andsoon.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
Selectasnapshotorrecordingandclickthebuttonfortheneededaction.
Toselectmorethanonesnapshotorrecording,Ctrl+clicktheneededsnapshots
andrecordings.
IftheTakeSnapshotbuttonisdisabled,itmightbebecausethevirtualmachine
hasmultipledisksindifferentdiskmodes.Forexample,ifyouhaveaspecial
purposeconfigurationthatrequiresyoutouseanindependentdisk,youmust
poweroffthevirtualmachinebeforetakingasnapshot.
Take a Snapshot
Youcanusuallytakeasnapshotwhileavirtualmachineispoweredon,poweredoff,
orsuspended.
Followingaretheprerequisitesfortakingasnapshot:
Anysuspendoperationsmustbecomplete.
Thevirtualmachineisnotcommunicatingwithanothercomputer.SeeSnapshot
Conflictsonpage 206.
VMware, Inc.
209
Ifyouruseofvirtualmachinesisstronglyperformanceoriented,theguest
operatingsystemsdrivesaredefragmented.SeeDefragmentVirtualDiskson
page 239.
Ifthevirtualmachinehasmultipledisksindifferentdiskmodes,thevirtual
machineispoweredoff.Forexample,ifaspecialpurposeconfigurationrequires
youtouseanindependentdisk,youmustpoweroffthevirtualmachinebefore
takingasnapshot.
IfthevirtualmachinewascreatedwithWorkstation4deleteanyexisting
snapshotsorupgradethevirtualmachinetoWorkstation5.xorhigher.See
ChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
To take a snapshot
1
ChooseVM>Snapshot>Take Snapshot.
Enterauniquename.
(Optional)Enteradescription.
Usethisfieldtorecordnotesaboutthevirtualmachinestatecapturedinthe
snapshot.
ClickOK.
ChooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
Selectthesnapshotorrecording.
EditthetextintheNametextboxandclickClose.
Ifyourenameasnapshotforaclonedvirtualmachine,usetheDescriptionfieldto
specifywhichvirtualmachinewascloned.
210
VMware, Inc.
Toreverttotheparentsnapshot,chooseVM>Snapshot>ReverttoSnapshot.
Toreverttoasnapshotthatisnottheparent,chooseVM>Snapshotandselectthe
snapshotname.
Tosetthevirtualmachinetoreverttotheparentsnapshoteverytimethevirtual
machineispoweredoff,seeRevertatPowerOffonpage 211.
NOTEThelistofsnapshotsinVM>SnapshotdoesnotshowanAutoProtect
snapshotuntilyourestorethatsnapshotinthesnapshotmanager.Usethe
snapshotmanager(VM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager)todisplayandrestore
AutoProtectsnapshots.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
VMware, Inc.
211
ClicktheOptionstabandselectSnapshot/Replay.
IntheWhenpoweringoffsection,selectReverttosnapshot.
SelectVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
(Optional)TodeleteAutoProtectsnapshots,makesurethatShowAutoProtect
snapshotsisselected.
Selectanoptiontodeleteasnapshotorrecording:
Todeleteasinglesnapshotorrecording,selectitandclickDelete.
Todeleteasnapshotorrecordingandallofitschildren,rightclickitandselect
DeleteSnapshot/RecordingandChildren.
IfthechildrenofthesnapshotincludeAutoProtectsnapshots,theAutoProtect
snapshotsaredeletedonlyifShowAutoProtectsnapshotsisselected.
212
Todeleteallsnapshotsandrecordings,rightclickasnapshotorrecording,
selectSelectAll,andclickDelete.
Whenpromptedtoconfirmthedeletion,clickOK,andclickCloseinthesnapshot
manager.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectSnapshot/Replay.
SelectanoptionintheWhenpoweringoffsection:
JustpoweroffPowersoffwithoutmakinganychangestosnapshots.
ReverttosnapshotRevertstotheparentsnapshotofthecurrentstateofthe
virtualmachine(thatis,theparentsnapshotoftheYouAreHerepositionin
theSnapshotManagerwindow).
Aninstructormightusethissettingtodiscardstudentanswersforacomputer
lessonwhenavirtualmachineispoweredoffattheendofclass.
VMware, Inc.
TakeanewsnapshotTakesasnapshotofthevirtualmachinestateafteritis
poweredoff.Thisisusefultopreservemilestonesautomatically.Thesnapshot
appearsinthesnapshotmanager.Thenameofthissnapshotisthedateand
timethevirtualmachinewaspoweredoff.ThedescriptionisAutomatic
snapshotcreatedwhenpoweringoff.
AskmePromptsyou,everytimeyoupoweroffavirtualmachine,tochoose
topoweroff,revert,ortakeasnapshot.
ClickOK.
213
AutoProtect Restrictions
TheAutoProtectfeaturehasthefollowingrestrictions:
214
BecauseAutoProtecttakessnapshotsonlywhileavirtualmachineispoweredon,
AutoProtectsnapshotscannotbecloned.Youcancloneavirtualmachineonlyifit
ispoweredoff.
AutoProtectsnapshotsarenottakeninVMwarePlayer,evenifAutoProtectwas
enabledforthevirtualmachineinWorkstation.
AutoProtectsnapshotsarenottakenwhileyouareusingtheRecord/Replay
feature.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheOptionstab,underSettings,selectAutoProtect.
SelectEnableAutoProtect.
Selecttheintervalbetweensnapshots.
SelectthemaximumnumberofAutoProtectsnapshotstoretain.
Thissettingdoesnotaffectthenumberofregularsnapshotsyoucantakeandkeep.
SelectOK.
SelectVM>SnapshotManager.
SelectShowAutoProtectsnapshots.
SelecttheAutoProtectsnapshottopreserve.
SelectKeep.
VMware, Inc.
215
216
VMware, Inc.
10
10
Cloningavirtualmachineisfasterandeasierthancopyingit.Thischapterprovides
instructionsandinformationonhowtomoveyourvirtualmachinesfromonehostto
another,orelsewhereonthesamehost,plusrecommendationsonhowtosharevirtual
machineswithotherusers.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
TheVirtualMachinesUniversalUniqueIdentifieronpage 217
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 219
MovingaVirtualMachineonpage 223
MovinganOlderVirtualMachineonpage 226
MovingLinkedClonesonpage 227
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsersonpage 227
UsingVNCforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 228
MakeVirtualMachinesAvailableforStreamingfromaWebServeronpage 230
SharingVirtualMachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 231
VMware, Inc.
217
ThisUUIDisgeneratedwhenyouinitiallypoweronthevirtualmachine.Aslongas
youdonotmoveorcopythevirtualmachinetoanotherlocation,theUUIDremains
constant.TosetaspecificUUID,seeSpecifyaUUIDforaVirtualMachineon
page 218.
Poweroffthevirtualmachine.
Opentheconfiguration(.vmx)filewithatexteditor.
Addthefollowingline:
uuid.action = "<action>"
Thevaluefor<action>canbeeithercreate,toalwaysgenerateanewUUID,or
keep,toalwaysretaintheUUID.
218
VMware, Inc.
Poweroffthevirtualmachine.
Opentheconfiguration(.vmx)filewithatexteditor.
Searchforthelinethatcontainsuuid.bios.
Theformatofthelineisuuid.bios = "<uuid_value>",withquotationmarks
aroundtheparametervalue.Followingisanexampleoftheconfigurationsetting:
uuid.bios = "00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77-88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff"
ReplacetheexistingUUIDvaluewiththespecificUUIDvalue.
Saveandclosethefile.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
ThenewUUIDisusedwhenthevirtualmachineboots.
AnMISdepartmentcancloneavirtualmachineforeachemployee,withasuiteof
preconfiguredofficeapplications.
Avirtualmachinecanbeconfiguredwithacompletedevelopmentenvironment
andthenclonedrepeatedlyasabaselineconfigurationforsoftwaretesting.
Ateachercancloneavirtualmachineforeachstudent,withallthelessonsandlabs
requiredfortheterm.
VMware, Inc.
219
Withclonesyoucanmakecopiesofavirtualmachinewithoutbrowsingahostfile
systemorworryingifyouhavelocatedalltheconfigurationfiles.Theexisting
virtualmachineiscalledtheparentoftheclone.Whenthecloningoperationis
complete,theclonebecomesaseparatevirtualmachine.Thesearethemain
characteristicsofaclone:
Changesmadetoaclonedonotaffecttheparentvirtualmachine.Changes
madetotheparentvirtualmachinedonotappearinaclone.
AclonesMACaddressandUUIDaredifferentfromtheparentvirtual
machine.
Althoughacloneisaseparatevirtualmachine,ifthecloneisalinkedclone,itshares
virtualdiskswiththeparentvirtualmachine.SeeTypesofClonesonpage 220.
Types of Clones
Twotypesofclonesareavailable:fullandlinked.
Full Clones
Afullcloneisacompleteandindependentcopyofavirtualmachine.Itsharesnothing
withtheparentvirtualmachineafterthecloningoperation.Ongoingoperationofafull
cloneisentirelyseparatefromtheparentvirtualmachine.
Becauseafullclonedoesnotsharevirtualdiskswiththeparentvirtualmachine,full
clonesgenerallyperformbetterthanlinkedclones.However,fullclonestakelongerto
createthanlinkedclones.Creatingafullclonecantakeseveralminutesifthefiles
involvedarelarge.
Thefullcloneduplicatesonlythestateofthevirtualmachineattheinstantofthe
cloningoperation.Thusthefullclonedoesnothaveaccesstoanysnapshotsthatmight
existoftheparentvirtualmachine.
Linked Clones
Alinkedcloneisacopyofavirtualmachinethatsharesvirtualdiskswiththeparent
virtualmachineinanongoingmanner.Alinkedcloneismadefromasnapshotofthe
parent.SeeScenariosforUsingMultipleSnapshotsonpage 203.Thisconservesdisk
spaceandallowsmultiplevirtualmachinestousethesamesoftwareinstallation.
CAUTIONYoucannotdeletethelinkedclonesnapshotwithoutdestroyingthelinked
clone.Youcansafelydeletethissnapshotonlyifyoualsodeletetheclonethatdepends
onit.
220
VMware, Inc.
Allfilesavailableontheparentatthemomentyoutakethesnapshotcontinuetoremain
availabletothelinkedclone.Ongoingchangestothevirtualdiskoftheparentdonot
affectthelinkedclone,andchangestothediskofthelinkedclonedonotaffectthe
parent.
Alinkedclonemusthaveaccesstotheparent.Withoutaccesstotheparent,youcannot
usealinkedclone.Youcanmakealinkedclonefromalinkedclone,butkeepinmind
thattheperformanceofthelinkedclonedegrades.Whenpossible,makealinkedclone
oftheparentvirtualmachine.
Ifyoumakeafullclonefromalinkedclone,however,thefullcloneisanindependent
virtualmachinethatdoesnotrequireaccesstothelinkedcloneoritsparent.
Linkedclonesarecreatedswiftly,soyoucaneasilycreateauniquevirtualmachinefor
eachtask.Youcanalsoeasilyshareavirtualmachinewithotherusersbystoringthe
virtualmachineonyourlocalnetwork,whereotheruserscanquicklymakealinked
clone.Thisfacilitatescollaboration.Forexample,asupportteamcanreproduceabug
inavirtualmachine,andanengineercanquicklymakealinkedcloneofthatvirtual
machinetoworkonthebug.
Creating Clones
Ifyoudecidetocreatealinkedcloneandyouwanttopreventtheparentvirtual
machinefrombeingaccidentallydeleted,enabletemplatemodebeforeusingtheClone
VirtualMachinewizard.
Selectthevirtualmachinetouseasaparentofyourlinkedclone.
Verifythattheparenthasatleastonesnapshot.
Openthesnapshotmanagerandcreateasnapshotifnoneexists.SeeSnapshot
ManagerOverviewonpage 208.
VMware, Inc.
ChooseVM>Settings.
221
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,clickEnableTemplatemode(tobeusedforcloning)and
clickOK.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>ClonetoopentheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.
OntheWelcomepage,clickNext.
OntheCloneSourcepage,selectthestateoftheparentfromwhichyouwantto
createacloneandclickNext.
Youcanchoosetocreateaclonefromtheparentscurrentstateorfromanyexisting
snapshotoftheparent.Ifyouselectthecurrentstate,Workstationcreatesa
snapshotofthevirtualmachinebeforecloningit.
Thewizarddoesnotallowyoutoclonefromthecurrentstatewhentemplatemode
isenabled.
222
OntheCloneTypepage,specifywhethertocreatealinkedcloneorafullcloneand
clickNext.
VMware, Inc.
OntheNameoftheNewVirtualMachinepage,enteranameandapathforthe
clonedvirtualmachineandclickFinish.
Afullclonecantakemanyminutestocreate,dependingonthesizeofthevirtual
diskthatisbeingduplicated.
ClickClosetoexittheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.
TheCloneVirtualMachinewizardautomaticallycreatesanewMACaddressand
UUIDfortheclone.Otherconfigurationinformationisidenticaltothatofthe
parentvirtualmachine.Forexample,amachinesnameandstaticIPaddress
configurationarenotalteredbytheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.
TopreventconflictwithstaticIPaddressing,changetheclonesstaticIPaddress
beforethecloneconnectstothenetwork.
SeeSelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfigurationon
page 304.
VMware, Inc.
223
Open a Virtual Machine Created in ESX Server That Has More Than Two
Processors
YoucanuseWorkstation5.5orhigher,runningonamultiprocessorhostmachine,to
openavirtualmachinecreatedinVMwareESXServerthathasoneormorevirtual
processors.However,inWorkstationyoucannotpoweronorresumeavirtualmachine
thathasmorethantwovirtualprocessorsassigned,evenifmoreprocessorswere
assignedwhenthevirtualmachinewascreatedinESXServer.
Youcanseethissettinginthevirtualmachinessummaryvieworbyusingthevirtual
machinesettingseditor.
224
VMware, Inc.
To open a virtual machine created in ESX Server that has more than two
processors
1
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardware>Processors.
NotethatNumberofProcessorsissettoOther(x),wherexisthenumberof
processorsoriginallyassignedinESXServer.
Workstationpreservesthisoriginalconfigurationsettingforthenumberof
processors,eventhoughtwoisthemaximumnumberofprocessorssupported.
Changethissettingtotwoprocessorssothatyoucanpoweronthevirtualmachine
inWorkstation.
Afteryoucommitachangetothissetting,theoriginalsettingfornumberof
processorsisdiscarded,andnolongerappearsasanoptioninthevirtualmachine
settingseditor.
Makesurethatallthevirtualmachinefilesarestoredinthevirtualmachine
directory.
Forexample,ifyouconfiguredtheworkingdirectorytoresideinadifferent
locationonthehost,moveitintothevirtualmachinedirectoryandusethevirtual
machinesettingseditor(VM>Settings>Options>General)topointtothis
location.
Ifthevirtualmachineyouwanttomoveisalinkedclone,seeMovingLinked
Clonesonpage 227.
VMware, Inc.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
225
Copyallthefilesinthevirtualmachinedirectorytothenewlocation.
Tomovethevirtualmachinesfilestoanotherhost,ifyoudonothaveanetwork
connectiontothenewhost,useasharednetworkdirectory,burnthefilesontoa
DVD,orusesomeotherstoragemediathathasenoughdiskspace.
Formoreinformationaboutthefilesthatyouaremoving,seeFilesThatMakeUp
aVirtualMachineonpage 97.
Onthenewhost,startWorkstation,chooseFile>Open,andbrowsetothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)fileinitsnewlocation.
(Optional)Ifyouaremovingthevirtualmachinetoadifferentlocationonthesame
host,removethevirtualmachinefromtheFavoriteslistandadditagainusingthe
newlocation.
Whenyouarecertainthatthevirtualmachineinthenewlocationworkscorrectly,
deletethevirtualmachinefilesfromtheoldlocation,ifneeded.
Ifthevirtualmachineinthenewlocationisnotworkingcorrectly,examinethe
virtualmachineintheoriginallocationtodetermineifyoumissedcopyingsome
files.Somefilesmightresideoutsideofthevirtualmachinedirectory.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings>Hardware)toselect
devicesanddeterminewhetheranyassociatedfilespointtolocationsthatcannot
beaccessedfromthenewlocation.
WorkstationgeneratesadifferentMACaddressforthevirtualnetworkadapterwhen
youmoveavirtualmachinetoanewhostcomputerortoadifferentdirectoryonthe
samehostcomputer.AnewMACaddressisalsogeneratedwhenyourenamea
directoryinthepathtothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile.SeeMaintainingand
ChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 308.
226
VMware, Inc.
Onlyoneusercanrunavirtualmachineatatime.Otheruserscanalsosharea
virtualmachinebymakingalinkedcloneofit.Alinkedcloneisacopythatuses
thesamevirtualdisksastheparentvirtualmachineitwascopiedfrom.See
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 219.
OnWindowshosts,relocatethevirtualmachinefilestoadirectorythatis
accessibletoallappropriateusers.ThedefaultlocationforaWindowshostisnot
typicallyaccessibletootherusers:
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7:
C:\Users\<user_name>\Documents\Virtual Machines
WhenyouconfigurethevirtualmachineintheNewVirtualMachinewizard,you
canspecifyalocationforthevirtualmachineelsewhereonyoursystemorona
networkvolume.
OnLinuxhosts,setpermissionsforthevirtualmachinefilesappropriately.
Permissionssettingsareespeciallyimportantfortheconfigurationfile(.vmx)and
virtualdisks(.vmdk).Forexample,ifyouwantuserstorunavirtualmachinebut
notbeabletomodifyitsconfiguration,donotmaketheconfigurationfilewritable.
VMware, Inc.
227
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstabandselectRemoteDisplay.
ClickEnableremotedisplay.
Afterremotedisplayisenabledandusersconnecttothevirtualmachinewitha
VNCclient,usetheViewConnectedUsersbuttononRemoteDisplaysettings
paneltoseealistoftheconnectedusers.
(Optional)Changetheportnumber.
ToconnecttomultiplevirtualmachinesonthesamehostwithaVNCclient,
specifyauniqueportnumberforeachvirtualmachine.VMwaresuggeststhatyou
useaportnumberintherangefrom5901to6001.
Keepinmindthatotherapplicationsusecertainportnumbers,andsomeport
numbersareprivileged(onlytherootorAdministratorusercanlisten).For
example,theVMwareManagementInterfaceusesports8333and8222.OnLinux,
onlytherootusercanlistentoportsuptoportnumber1024.
228
VMware, Inc.
(Optional)SetapasswordforconnectingtothevirtualmachinefromaVNCclient.
Thepasswordcanbeupto8characterslong.Becauseitisnotencryptedwhenthe
VNCclientsendsit,donotuseapasswordthatyouuseforothersystems.
ClickOK.
AfteryousetupavirtualmachineasaVNCserver,youcanseealistofuserswhoare
remotelyconnectedtothevirtualmachineandfindouthowlongtheyhavebeen
connected.Toseethelist,rightclicktheVNCiconinthestatusbarandchoose
ConnectedUsers.
Youcannottakeorreverttosnapshots.
Youcannotchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine.Thatis,youcannot
poweron,poweroff,suspend,orresume.Althoughyoucannotpoweroff,youcan
shutdowntheguestoperatingsystem,andshuttingdownmightpoweroffthe
virtualmachine.
Youcannotcopyandpastetextbetweenthehostandguestoperatingsystem.
Youcannotconfigurethevirtualmachinewiththevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Remotedisplaydoesnotworkwellifyouarealsousingthe3Dfeature.This
featureisdescribedinSupportforDirect3DGraphicsonpage 173.
VMware, Inc.
229
Onalocalorremotecomputer,startaVNCclient.
YoucanuseanyVNCclient,butnotaJavaviewerinabrowser.Todownloadand
installaVNCclient,checkoneofthemanyWebsiteswhereyoucanbuyorgetone
forfree.
Makesuretheclientissetforhextileencoding.
Forexample,ifyouuseRealVNCViewer,underthePreferredEncodingoption,
selectHextile.
Settheclienttouseallcolors.
Forexample,ifyouuseRealVNCViewer,undertheColourLeveloption,select
Full(allavailablecolours).
WhenpromptedfortheVNCservername,enterthenameorIPaddressofthehost
computerandtheportnumber.
Usetheformat:
<machine_name>:<port_number>
Enterapasswordifyouarepromptedtodoso.
Ifthevirtualmachinehasanysnapshots,deletethem.
SeeDeleteaSnapshotoraRecordingonpage 212.
(Optional)Toimprovestreamingperformance,useVirtualDiskManagerto
compressthevirtualdiskfiles(.vmdkfiles)foravirtualmachine.
SeetheVirtualDiskManagerUsersGuide,intheVirtualDiskDevelopmentKit.
230
VMware, Inc.
DependingonthetypeofWebserver,usethefollowingkeepalivesettings:
ForApacheHTTPServer1.2andhigher,turntheKeepAliveoptionon,set
MaxKeepAliveRequestto2000to5000,andsetKeepAliveTimeoutto2000to
5000seconds,dependingonserverload.
ForMicrosoftInternetInformationServices(IIS)6.0andhigher,setthe
connectiontimeouttoavalueabove300secondsandloadHTTP
KeepAlives.
Onproxyservers,settheproxyconnectiontoKeepalive.
UploadthevirtualmachinedirectorytotheWebserver.
AfteravirtualmachineisplacedonaWebserver,userscanuseaURLtostreamitand
startitwithWorkstationorVMwarePlayer.SeeStartaVirtualMachinebyUsingVM
Streamingonpage 149.
VMware, Inc.
231
OpenVMwarePlayer,eitherfromthegraphicaluserinterface(GUI)orfromthe
commandline:
FromtheGUI,onWindows,chooseVMwarePlayerfromtheStart>
Programs>VMwaremenu.
InaLinuxXsession,chooseVMwarePlayerfromthecorrespondingprogram
menu,suchastheSystemToolsmenu.
Fromthecommandline,openacommandprompt,andenteroneofthe
followingcommands:
OnWindows,enter<path>vmplayer.exe
The<path>valueisthepathonyoursystemtotheapplicationfile.
OnLinux,entervmplayer &
Tostreamthevirtualmachine,usethecommandwiththevirtualmachine
URL(forexample,vmplayer http://server.acme.com/myVM.vmx).
Formoreinformation,seeMakeVirtualMachinesAvailablefor
StreamingfromaWebServeronpage 230.
FromtheWelcomepage,youcan:
Browsetoavirtualmachinefile.
Openarecentlyusedvirtualmachine.
DownloadavirtualappliancefromtheVMTN(VMwareTechnology
Network)Website.
Openavirtualmachine.
ForinstructionsonusingandconfiguringVMwarePlayer,seetheonlinehelp
providedinVMwarePlayer.FromtheVMwarePlayermenubar,chooseHelp>
HelpTopics.
232
VMware, Inc.
ToexitVMwarePlayer,dooneofthefollowing:
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.
VMwarePlayerclosesaftertheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.
InVMwarePlayer,chooseFile>Exit(Windows)orFile>Quit(Linux).
VMwarePlayereithersuspendsorpowersoffthevirtualmachine,dependingon
thepreferenceyousetforexitbehaviorinFile>Preferences.
WhenyouexitVMwarePlayerthatisusingastreamedvirtualmachine,youare
promptedtosaveordiscardchanges.Ifyoudiscardchanges,thedirectorythat
wascreatedonyourlocalmachineandallthevirtualmachinedataaredeleted.
Determinewhichvirtualdevicesareactuallyrequired,anddonotincludeanythat
arenotneededorusefulforthesoftwareyouaredistributingwiththevirtual
machineandVMwarePlayer.Forexample,genericSCSIdevicesaretypicallynot
appropriate.
Toconnectaphysicaldevicetoavirtualdevice,usetheAutodetectoptionswhen
configuringthevirtualmachine.TheAutodetectoptionsallowthevirtual
machinetoadapttotheuserssystem,andtheyworkwhetherthehostoperating
systemisWindowsorLinux.Userswhohavenophysicaldevicereceiveawarning
message.
ToconnectaCDROMorfloppytoanimagefilethatyoushipwiththevirtual
machine,makesuretheimagefileisinthesamedirectoryasthevirtualmachine.
Thisway,arelativepath,ratherthananabsolutepath,isused.
ForbothaphysicalCDROMandanimage,providetwovirtualCDROMdevices
inthevirtualmachine.VMwarePlayerdoesnotprovideanoptionintheuser
interfacetoswitchasingleCDROMdevicebetweenaphysicalCDROMandan
image.Thisalsomeansthatifyouwanttoshipmultipleimages,theusercannot
switchbetweenthem.
VMware, Inc.
233
Chooseareasonableamountofmemorytoallocatetothevirtualmachine.Ifthe
usershostmachinedoesnothaveenoughphysicalmemorytosupportthe
memoryallocation,VMwarePlayercannotpoweronthevirtualmachine.
InstallVMwareToolsinthevirtualmachine.VMwareToolssignificantlyimproves
theusersexperienceworkingwiththevirtualmachine.
Chooseareasonablescreenresolutionfortheguest.Auserislikelytofinditeasier
toincreasetheresolutionmanuallythantodealwithadisplaythatexceedsthe
usersphysicalscreensize.
SomehostoperatingsystemsdonotsupportCDROMsinnonlegacymode.To
ensurethatCDROMsworkproperlyinvirtualmachinesthatyouintendto
distributeandplayonVMwarePlayer,configureCDROMdevicesinlegacy
mode.SeeLegacyEmulationforDVDandCDDrivesonpage 252.
SelectanappropriatesettinginVM>Settings>Options>Snapshots>When
poweringoff.SetthisoptiontoJustpowerofforReverttosnapshot.VMware
Playerdoesnotallowtakingsnapshots.
TheoptionReverttosnapshotisusefulifyouwanttodistributeademothatresets
itselftoacleanstatewhenpoweredoff.
234
VMware, Inc.
11
11
Thischapterprovidesinformationabouthowtoconfigurevirtualharddiskstorageto
bestmeetyourneeds.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
VirtualMachineDiskStorageonpage 235
VirtualDiskMaintenanceTasksonpage 238
AddingVirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachineonpage 241
AddingDVD/CDROMandFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachineonpage 250
UsingVMwareVirtualDiskManageronpage 254
UsingDualBootComputerswithVirtualMachinesonpage 254
LegacyVirtualDisksonpage 254
VMware, Inc.
235
Portability
Akeyadvantageofvirtualdisksistheirportability.Becausethevirtualdisksarestored
asfilesonthehostmachineoraremotecomputer,youcanmovethemeasilytoanew
locationonthesamecomputerortoadifferentcomputer.YoucanalsouseWorkstation
onaWindowshosttocreatevirtualdisks,movethemtoaLinuxcomputer,anduse
themwithWorkstationforLinux,andthereverse.SeeMovingaVirtualMachineon
page 223.
Lock Files
Arunningvirtualmachinecreateslockfilestopreventconsistencyproblemsonvirtual
disks.Withoutlocks,multiplevirtualmachinesmightreadandwritetothedisk,
causingdatacorruption.
236
VMware, Inc.
Lockfilesarecreatedinsubdirectorieswitha.lcksuffix.Thelockingsubdirectories
resideinthesamedirectoryasthevirtualmachines.vmdkfiles.Alockingsubdirectory
andlockfilearecreatedfor.vmdkfiles,.vmxfiles,and.vmemfiles.
SincetheWorkstation6.0release,aunifiedlockingmethodisusedonallhostoperating
systems,sofilessharedbetweenthemarefullyprotected.Forexample,ifoneuseron
aLinuxhosttriestopoweronavirtualmachinethatisalreadypoweredonbyanother
userwithaWindowshost,thelockfilespreventtheseconduserfrompoweringonthe
virtualmachine.
Whenavirtualmachinepowersoff,itremovesthelockingsubdirectoriesandtheirlock
files.Ifitcannotremovetheselockingcontrols,oneormorestalelockfilesmight
remain.Forexample,ifthehostmachinefailsbeforethevirtualmachineremovesits
lockingcontrols,stalelockfilesremain.
Whenthevirtualmachinerestarts,itscansanylockingsubdirectoriesforstalelockfiles
and,whenpossible,removesthem.Alockfileisconsideredstaleifbothofthe
followingconditionsaretrue:
Thelockfilewascreatedonthesamehostthatisnowrunningthevirtualmachine.
Theprocessthatcreatedthelockisnolongerrunning.
Ifeitheroftheseconditionsisnottrue,adialogboxwarnsyouthatthevirtualmachine
cannotbepoweredon.Youcandeletethelockingdirectoriesandtheirlockfiles
manually.
Locksalsoprotectphysicaldiskpartitions.However,thehostoperatingsystemisnot
awareofthislockingconventionandthusdoesnotrecognizeit.Forthisreason,
VMwarerecommendsthatthephysicaldiskforavirtualmachinenotbeinstalledon
thesamephysicaldiskasthehostoperatingsystem.
237
Physical Disks
Insomecircumstances,youmightneedtogiveyourvirtualmachinedirectaccesstoa
physicalharddriveonthehostcomputer.Aphysicaldiskdirectlyaccessesanexisting
localdiskorpartition.Youcanusephysicaldiskstorunoneormoreguestoperating
systemsfromexistingdiskpartitions.
CAUTIONDonotattemptphysicaldiskconfigurationsunlessyouareanexpertuser.
Althoughvirtualdisksarelimitedto950GB,physicaldiskscanbesetuponbothIDE
andSCSIdevicesofupto2TBcapacity.Bootingfromanoperatingsystemalreadyset
uponanexistingSCSIdiskorpartitioniscurrentlynotsupported.
CAUTIONRunninganoperatingsystemnativelyonthehostcomputerandswitching
torunningitinsideavirtualmachineislikepullingtheharddriveoutofonecomputer
andinstallingitinasecondcomputerwithadifferentmotherboardandhardware.The
stepsyoutakedependontheoperatingsystemyouwanttouseinsidethevirtual
machine.SeetheVMwaretechnicalnoteDualBootComputersandVirtualMachineson
theVMwareWebsite.
Youcanalsocreateanewvirtualmachinethatusesaphysicaldisk.SeeUsingPhysical
DisksinaVirtualMachineonpage 244.Inmostcases,however,itisbettertousea
virtualdisk.Ifyouuseaphysicaldisk,the.vmdkfilestoresinformationaboutthe
physicaldiskorpartitionthatthevirtualmachineuses.
Afteryouconfigureavirtualmachinetouseoneormorepartitionsonaphysicaldisk,
donotmodifythepartitiontablesbyrunningfdiskorasimilarutilityintheguest
operatingsystem.
Ifyouusefdiskorasimilarutilityonthehostoperatingsystemtomodifythepartition
tableofthephysicaldisk,youmustrecreatethevirtualmachinesphysicaldisk.All
filesthatwereonthephysicaldiskarelostwhenyoumodifythepartitiontable.
238
VMware, Inc.
Runadiskdefragmentationutilityinsidetheguestoperatingsystem.
Forexample,inavirtualmachinewithaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem,use
theWindowsXPDiskDefragmentertoolfromwithinthevirtualmachine.
Defragmentingdiskscantakeconsiderabletime.
Ifthevirtualdiskisgrowableratherthanpreallocated,defragmentitbyusing
theWorkstationdefragmentationtool:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectHardDisk,anddooneofthefollowing:
e
3
OnLinuxhosts,clickDefragment.
OnWindowshosts,clickUtilitiesandchooseDefragment.
Whentheprocessisfinished,clickOK.
Runadiskdefragmentationutilityonthehostcomputer.
Defragmentingdiskscantakeconsiderabletime.
VMware, Inc.
239
Thevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
Thevirtualdiskisnotmapped(onWindowsguests)ormounted(onLinux
guests).Youcannotcompactavirtualdiskwhileitismappedormounted.
Thediskspaceisnotpreallocatedforthevirtualharddisk.Usethevirtualmachine
settingseditortoviewthediskinformationforthisvirtualharddisk.Ifthedisk
spacewaspreallocated,youcannotcompactthedisk.
Ifthevirtualharddiskisanindependentdisk,itisinpersistentmode.
Tochangethemode,seeExcludeaVirtualDiskfromSnapshotsonpage 207for
adescriptionofindependentdisks.
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectHardDiskforthevirtualharddiskyouwantto
compact.
SelectUtilities>Compact
ClickOKafterthediskcompactingprocessiscomplete.
240
VMware, Inc.
Makesurethefollowingprerequisitesaremet:
Thevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
Thevirtualdiskisnotmapped(onWindowsguests)ormounted(onLinux
guests).Youcannotexpandavirtualdiskwhileitismappedormounted.
Thevirtualmachinehasnosnapshots.
Thevirtualmachineisnotalinkedcloneortheparentofalinkedclone.
Todeterminewhetherthevirtualmachinehassnapshots,isalinkedclone,oristhe
parentofalinkedclone,checktheinformationatthetopoftheSummarytabforthe
virtualmachine.
To expand a virtual disk
1
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectHardDiskforthevirtualharddisktoexpand.
SelectUtilities>Expand.
Setthenewmaximumsizeforthevirtualdisk.
SelectExpand.
ClickOKafterthediskexpansionprocessiscomplete.
Afteryouexpandthevirtualdisk,youmustuseadiskmanagementtooltoincreasethe
diskpartitionsizetomatchtheexpandedvirtualdisksize.
VMware, Inc.
241
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectCreateanewvirtualdiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskTypepage,chooseIDEdiskorSCSI.
SeeIDEandSCSIDiskTypesonpage 237.
Workstation7.0virtualmachinescanuseupto4IDEdevicesandupto60SCSI
devices.AnyofthesedevicescanbeavirtualorphysicalharddiskorDVDor
CDROMdrive.
(Optional)Toexcludedisksfromsnapshots,intheModesection,select
Independentforthemodeandchooseoneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentDisksinpersistentmodebehavelikeconventionaldisksona
physicalcomputer.Alldatawrittentoadiskinpersistentmodeiswritten
permanentlytothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestodisksinnonpersistentmodearediscardedwhen
youpowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.Nonpersistentmodeenablesyou
torestartthevirtualmachinewithavirtualdiskinthesamestateeverytime.
Changestothediskarewrittentoandreadfromaredologfilethatisdeleted
whenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.
SeeInformationCapturedbySnapshotsonpage 205.
7
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,setthecapacityforthenewvirtualdisk.
Youcansetasizebetween0.1GBand950GBforavirtualdisk.SeeDiskSizeand
Filesonpage 236.
242
VMware, Inc.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toandselectadifferentlocationandclickFinish.
Thewizardcreatesthenewvirtualdisk.Itappearstoyourguestoperatingsystem
asanew,blankharddisk.
Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,clickOK.
10 Usetheguestoperatingsystemtoolstopartitionandformatthenewdriveforuse.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseanexistingvirtualdiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectanExistingDiskpage,specifythepathnameandfilenameforthe
existingdiskfileandclickFinish.
Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,clickOK.
VMware, Inc.
243
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectavirtualdiskandclickRemove.
Afteryouremovethediskfromthevirtualmachine,youcandoeitherofthefollowing:
Mapthedisktothehost.SeeUsingaMappedDriveonpage 198.
Addthedisktoanothervirtualmachine.SeeAddanExistingVirtualDisktoa
VirtualMachineonpage 243.
244
VMware, Inc.
Becausethevirtualmachineandguestoperatingsystemaccessaphysicaldisk
partitionwhilethehostcontinuestorunitsoperatingsystem,verifythatthe
partitionisnotmountedbythehostorinusebyanothervirtualmachine.
Corruptionispossibleifyouallowthevirtualmachinetomodifyapartitionthat
issimultaneouslymountedonthehostoperatingsystem.
Checktheguestoperatingsystemdocumentationregardingthetypeofpartition
onwhichtheoperatingsystemcanbeinstalled.
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,youcannotusethesystempartition
orthephysicaldiskthatcontainsitinavirtualmachine.
DOS,Windows95,andWindows98operatingsystemsmustbeinstalledon
thefirstprimarypartition.
Otheroperatingsystems,suchasLinux,canbeinstalledonaprimaryoran
extendedpartitiononanypartofthedrive.
Makesurethephysicalpartitionordiskdoesnothavedatayouneedinthefuture.
Ifitdoes,backupthedata.
OnWindowshosts:
IfyouuseaWindowshostsIDEdiskinaphysicaldiskconfiguration,make
sureitisnotconfiguredastheslaveonthesecondaryIDEchannelifthe
masteronthatchannelisaCDROMdrive.
IfyourhostisrunningWindowsXPorWindowsServer2003,donotusea
dynamicdiskasaphysicaldiskinavirtualmachine.Usethedisk
managementtooltocheckthedisktypeandchangeadynamicdisktoabasic
disk,whichdestroysalldata.SeeChangeaWindowsDiskTypefrom
DynamictoBasiconpage 246.
OnLinuxhosts,setthedevicegroupmembershipordeviceownership
appropriately.SeeSetPermissionsonLinuxHostsonpage 247.
Afteryoudeterminethatthephysicaldiskmeetstheseprerequisites,useeitherofthe
followingstrategiestousethephysicaldiskinavirtualmachine:
CreateaVirtualMachineThatUsesaPhysicalDiskonpage 247
AddaPhysicalDisktoanExistingVirtualMachineonpage 249
VMware, Inc.
245
Onthehost,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>AdministrativeTools>
ComputerManagement>DiskManagement.
Thediskmanagementtoolopens.
Deletealllogicalvolumesonthedisk.
Thisactiondestroysalldataonthedisk.
RightclickthediskiconandselectReverttoBasicDisk.
Partitionthedisk.
ChooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>AdministrativeTools>Computer
Management>Storage>DiskManagement.
SelectapartitionandchooseAction>AllTasks>ChangeDriveLetterandPaths.
ClickRemove.
246
SelectStart>ControlPanel(ClassicView)>AdministrativeTools>Computer
Management>Storage>DiskManagement.
RightclickapartitionandchooseChangeDriveLetterandPaths.
ClickRemoveandOK.
VMware, Inc.
SelectStart>ControlPanel.
Inthemenubar,clickthearrownexttoControlPanel.
Fromthedropdownmenu,selectAllControlPanelItems>Administrative
Tools>ComputerManagement>Storage>DiskManagement(Local).
RightclickapartitionandchooseChangeDriveLetterandPaths.
ClickRemoveandOK.
Makesurethemasterphysicaldiskdeviceordevicesarereadableandwritableby
theuserwhorunsWorkstation.
Physicaldevices,suchas/dev/hda(IDEphysicaldisk)and/dev/sdb(SCSI
physicaldisk),belongtogroupiddiskonmostdistributions.Ifthisisthe
case,youcanaddVMwareWorkstationuserstothediskgroup.
Anotheroptionistochangetheownerofthedevice.Considerallthesecurity
issuesinvolvedinthisoption.
GrantVMwareWorkstationusersaccesstoall/dev/hd[abcd]physicaldevices
thatcontainoperatingsystemsorbootmanagers.
VMware, Inc.
247
UsetheCustomsetupintheNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtual
machinethatusesaphysicaldisk.
OntheSelectaDiskpageofthewizard,selectUseaphysicaldisk,andchooseto
useindividualpartitionsortheentiredisk.
Ifyouuseindividualpartitions,onlythepartitionsyouselectareaccessibletothe
virtualmachine.Theotherpartitionsmightbevisibletotheguestoperating
system,butyoucannotmount,access,orformatthem.
(Optional)Tospecifyadevicenodeforthevirtualdiskorexcludedisksfrom
snapshots,dothefollowing:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectthephysicaldiskandclickAdvanced.
Tochangethedevicenode,selectfromtheVirtualdevicenodelist.
Toexcludedisksfromsnapshots,selectIndependentforthemodeandchoose
oneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentDisksinpersistentmodebehavelikeconventionaldisksona
physicalcomputer.Alldatawrittentoadiskinpersistentmodeiswritten
permanentlytothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestodisksinnonpersistentmodearediscardedwhen
youpowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.Nonpersistentmodeenablesyou
torestartthevirtualmachinewithavirtualdiskinthesamestateeverytime.
Changestothediskarewrittentoandreadfromaredologfilethatisdeleted
whenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.
SeeInformationCapturedbySnapshotsonpage 205.
Installtheguestoperatingsystemonthephysicaldisk.
Forguestoperatingsystemsupport,knownissues,andinstallationinstructions,
seetheonlineVMwareCompatibilityGuide.GototheVMwareWebsiteandselect
Resources>CompatibilityGuides,andclicktheViewtheGuest/HostOStabon
theVMwareCompatibilityGuideWebsitelink.
248
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseaphysicaldiskandclickNext.
Ifawarningappears,clickOK.
OntheSelectaPhysicalDiskpage,dothefollowing:
a
Choosethephysicalharddisktousefromthedropdownlist.
Workstationsupportsphysicaldisksupto2TB.
b
9
Selectwhetheryouwanttousetheentirediskoronlyindividualpartitionson
thediskandclickNext.
IfyouselectedUseindividualpartitions,selectthepartitionsyouwanttousein
thevirtualmachineandclickNext.
Thevirtualmachinecanaccessonlythepartitionsyouselect.Theguestoperating
systemmightbeabletodetectotherpartitions,butyoucannotmount,access,or
formatthem.
10
VMware, Inc.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toadifferentlocation.
249
11
(Optional)Tospecifyadevicenodeforthevirtualdiskorexcludedisksfrom
snapshots,dothefollowing:
a
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,clickAdvanced.
Tochangethedevicenode,selectfromtheVirtualdevicenodelist.
Toexcludedisksfromsnapshots,selectIndependentforthemodeandchoose
oneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentDisksinpersistentmodebehavelikeconventionaldisksona
physicalcomputer.Alldatawrittentoadiskinpersistentmodeiswritten
permanentlytothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestodisksinnonpersistentmodearediscardedwhen
youpowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.Nonpersistentmodeenablesyou
torestartthevirtualmachinewithavirtualdiskinthesamestateeverytime.
Changestothediskarewrittentoandreadfromaredologfilethatisdeleted
whenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachine.
SeeInformationCapturedbySnapshotsonpage 205.
12 ClickFinish.
13 Usetheguestoperatingsystemstoolstoformatanypartitionsonthephysicaldisk
thatarenotformattedforyourguestoperatingsystem.
250
VMware, Inc.
YoucanconfigurethevirtualDVDorCDdriveaseitherIDEorSCSIregardlessofthe
typeofphysicaldriveyouconnectitto.Forexample,ifyourhostcomputerhasanIDE
CDdrive,youcansetupthevirtualmachinedriveaseitherSCSIorIDEandconnectit
tothehostdrive.ThesameistrueifthephysicaldriveonthehostisaSCSIdrive.
To add a DVD or CD drive to a virtual machine
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectDVD/CDROMDriveandclickNext.
MakeaselectionontheSelectaDriveConnectionpageandclickNext.
(Optional)IfyouselectUsephysicaldrive:
a
ChooseadrivefromthedropdownlistorchooseAutodetect.
ToavoidconnectingtheCDdrivewhenthevirtualmachinestarts,deselect
Connectatpoweron.
Tospecifywhichdevicenodethedriveusesinthevirtualmachine,click
Advanced.
SelectLegacyemulationonlyifyouexperiencedproblemsusingnormal
mode.SeeLegacyEmulationforDVDandCDDrivesonpage 252.
d
7
ClickFinish.
(Optional)IfyouselectUseISOimage:
a
Enterthepathandfilenamefortheimagefileorbrowsetothefile.
ToavoidconnectingtheCDdrivewhenthevirtualmachinestarts,deselect
Connectatpoweron.
Tospecifywhichdevicenodethedriveusesinthevirtualmachine,click
Advanced.
ClickFinish.
ThedriveissetupinitiallysothatitappearsasanIDEdrivetotheguestoperating
system.
8
(Optional)TomakethedriveappeartotheguestoperatingsystemasaSCSIdrive,
clicktheentryforthatdriveinthevirtualmachinesettingseditorandeditthe
settingsinthepanelontheright.
VMware, Inc.
251
OnWindowshosts,thisoptionisdeselectedbydefault.
OnLinuxhostswithIDEdrives,thedefaultsettingdependsonwhetherthe
ide-scsimoduleisloadedinyourkernel.Theide-scsimodulemustbeloaded,
oryoumustbeusingaphysicalSCSIdrivetoconnectdirectlytotheDVDorCD
drive.
Ifyourunmorethanonevirtualmachineatatime,andiftheirCDdrivesareinlegacy
emulationmode,startthevirtualmachineswiththeirCDdrivesdisconnected.This
ensuresthatmultiplevirtualmachinesarenotconnectedtotheCDdriveatthesame
time.
252
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectFloppyDriveandclickNext.
Followtheinstructionstocompletethewizard.
VMware, Inc.
IntheDeviceStatussection,selecttheConnectatpoweronoptiontoconnectthe
floppydrivewhenthevirtualmachinepowerson.
(Optional)Ifyouareaddingasecondfloppydrivetothevirtualmachine,enable
thissecondfloppydriveinthevirtualmachineBIOS,asfollows:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Power>PowerOntoBIOS.
Onthemainscreen,chooseLegacyDisketteB:andusetheplus(+)andminus
()keysonthenumericalkeypadtoselectthetypeoffloppydrivetouse.
PressF10tosavethesettings.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectaDVD,CDROM,orfloppydrive.
Dooneofthefollowing:
ForaDVDorCDROMdrive,selectUseISOImageandspecifythepath
nameandfilename.
Forafloppydrive:
Ifthefilealreadyexists,selectUsefloppyImageandspecifythepath
nameandfilename.
Tocreateanimagefile,clickCreate,browsetothedirectorywhereyou
plantostorethefloppyimagefile,supplyafilename,andclickSave(on
Windowshosts)orOpen(onLinuxhosts).
(Optional)Tomakethefilereadonly,selecttheReadOnlycheckbox.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
253
Allspaceforthevirtualdiskisallocatedinadvance.Thiscorrespondstothe
preallocateddisktypeforVirtualDiskManager.
Spaceallocatedforthevirtualdiskbeginssmallandgrowsasneeded.This
correspondstothegrowabledisktypeforVirtualDiskManager.
Ifyouallocateallthediskspaceforavirtualdiskbutlaterneedtoreclaimsomehard
diskspaceonthehost,youcanconvertthepreallocatedvirtualdiskintoagrowable
disk.Thenewvirtualdiskisstilllargeenoughtocontainallthedataintheoriginal
virtualdisk.
Youcanalsochangewhetherthevirtualdiskisstoredinasinglefileorsplitinto2GB
files.
Thesefeaturesandtheabilitytousescriptingtoautomatemanagementofvirtualdisks
wereaddedtoWorkstationinversion5.0.SeetheVMwaretechnicalnoteaboutusing
VirtualDiskManager.
254
VMware, Inc.
YoucanuseWorkstation7.0topoweronvirtualmachinescreatedwitholderversions
ofWorkstationorotherVMwareproducts.However,manynewfeaturesof
Workstationarenotavailableinoldervirtualmachines.Toupgradeyourvirtual
machinestoWorkstation7.0,seeChangetheVersionofaVirtualMachineonpage 94.
Ifyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachine,VMwarerecommendsthatyouupgrade
VMwareToolstothelatestversion.SeeVMwareToolsUpdateProcessonpage 115.
DonotremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
YoucanalsouseWorkstationtocreateaversion4,5.x,or6.xvirtualmachine.SeeUse
theNewVirtualMachineWizardonpage 89.UsetheCustomsetupinthewizard.
NOTEIfyouhaveWorkstation 2or3virtualmachinesthatyouwanttousewith
Workstation 7.0,upgradethevirtualmachinestoatleastWorkstationversion 4before
youattempttopowerthemonwithWorkstation 7.0.
VMware, Inc.
255
256
VMware, Inc.
12
12
Therecord/replayfeatureallowsyoutorecordallofaWorkstation5.x,6.x,or7.0virtual
machinesactivityoveraperiodoftime.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UsesoftheRecord/ReplayFeatureonpage 257
PhysicalandVirtualHardwareRequirementsonpage 258
ConfigureRecord/ReplayforaVirtualMachineonpage 259
CreateaRecordingonpage 264
ReplayaRecordingonpage 265
UsinganExecutionTraceFileofaRecordingonpage 266
MaintenanceTasksforUsingRecordingsonpage 268
VMware, Inc.
257
Playingarecordingissimilartogoingtoasnapshot.Whenyouplayarecording,you
discardthecurrentstateofthevirtualmachineandgototherecording.Atanytime
whentherecordingisplaying,youcanclicktheGoLivebuttonandresumeinteracting
withtheguestoperatingsystematthestatethevirtualmachineisinwhenyouclickGo
Live.
NOTEVirtualmachinerecordingsarenotinterchangeablebetweendifferentversions
ofWorkstation.RecordingscreatedusingearlierWorkstationorbetareleasescannotbe
replayedusingthecurrentversionofWorkstation.
HostCPUsRecord/replaysupportislimitedtocertainprocessorsonthehost.
If youusetherecord/replayfeatureonahostcomputerthatdoesnothavethe
supportedprocessor,whenyouenabletherecord/replayfeatureandtrytocreate
arecording,amessageappears,informingyouthatrecordingisnotsupportedon
yourprocessor.
SupportedprocessorsincludeIntelPentium4,IntelCore2andlaterversions,
NextGenerationIntelMicroarchitectureNehalem,andPenryn/Harpertown,and
AMDBarcelonaandlaterversions.Otherprocessorsmightoperatemoreslowly
duringrecordingandreplaying.
NOTEIftherecord/replayfeatureisunstableonyourP4system,disable
hyperthreadingandlogicalprocessorsintheBIOS.
WhenthesefeaturesareenabledinBIOS,otherapplicationsusingperformance
countersmayinterferewiththevirtualmachinerunningintherecord/replay
mode.Anexampleofanapplicationusingperformancecountersisthe
performanceprofilingtool.
Toensurethattheprocessorconfigurationiscompatiblewithrecord/replay,you
mustconfigureyourvirtualmachine.SeeConfigureRecord/ReplayforaVirtual
Machineonpage 259.
258
VirtualmachineversionOnlyWorkstation5.x,6.x,and7.0virtualmachinescan
berecorded.
VMware, Inc.
SupportedoperatingsystemsYoucanusetherecord/replayfeatureforthe
followingguestoperatingsystems:
Windows2000,XP,2003,Vista,7
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3and4
SUSELinux9.3and10.x
64bitversionsofthetheseguestoperatingsystemsmightnotworkwithsome
oldhostCPUs.
UnsupportedvirtualhardwareSMPandparavirtualizationonVMIarenot
supportedwithrecord/replay.
DiskspaceHowmuchdiskspacearecordingusesdependsonthetypeof
activitythatoccursonthevirtualmachineandthedurationoftherecording
session.Bydefault,ascreenshotiscreatedevery15seconds.Therefore,assume
thatyouwillneedseveralmegabytesofdiskspaceforoneminuteofrecording.
NOTEHavinganumberofvirtualmachineswithhighresolutiondisplaysettings
openonthescreenconsumesmorediskspace.
DiskmodeYoucannotusetherecord/replayfeatureifthevirtualmachines
virtualharddiskissettoindependentmode.Recordingvirtualmachineactivity
requireswritingdataaboutthedisktoacontinualsnapshot.Usethevirtual
machinesettingseditortochangethediskmode(selectVM>Settings>Hardware
>HardDisk>Advanced).
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
SelectthevirtualmachineandselectVM>Settings.
Tosetprocessorconfigurationforrecord/replay,selectVM>Settings>Hardware
>Processorsandselect1processorwith1coreperprocessor.
VMware, Inc.
259
InthePreferredmodedropdownmenu,selectAutomaticorAutomaticwith
ReplaytoletWorkstationselecttheexecutionmodebasedontheguestoperating
systemandthehostCPU.
AutomaticwithReplayreferstotheexecutionrecord/replayfeature.Formany
combinationsofCPUandguestoperatingsystem,youcanselectAutomaticand
stillusetherecord/replayfeature.Ifnot,anerrormessagedirectsyoutoselect
AutomaticwithReplay.
SelectingAutomaticorAutomaticwithReplaymeansthatWorkstationselects
oneofthefollowing:
BinarytranslationUsesamixofdirectlyexecutingguestcodeandbinary
translationtoruntheguest.Thisoptionusesshadowpagetablestomapguest
memory.
IntelVTxorAMDVUseshardwareextensionstorunandisolateguest
code.Thisoptionalsousesshadowpagetablestomapguestmemory.
IntelVTx/EPTorAMDV/RVIUseshardwareextensionstorunandisolate
guestcode.Thisoptionuseshardwarepagingsupporttomapguestmemory.
Thechoicedependsonwhichmodeprovidesthebestperformancefortheselected
guestoperatingsystemonthehostsCPU.
5
ClicktheOptionstabandselectReplay.
(Optional)OntheReplaysettingspanelasasafetyprecaution,usetheWhen
Recordingcontrolstolimithowmuchdiskspacetherecordingcanuse.
SettingtheMaximumdiskspacetoUnlimitedusesmuchmorediskspace
thansettingitto2GB.
SelectingSavethelastsetsthedurationofthetimetosavetherecording.
SettingSnapshotfrequencyto5minusesmuchmorediskspacethansetting
ittoNever.
(Optional)SelecttheEnableVAssert(experimental)checkboxtouseVMware
VAsserttodebugapplications.
VAssertenablesdevelopersandsupportengineerstotakeadvantageoftraditional
assertandloggingcapabilitiestodebugerrorsinreplaylogs.Theassertsappear
onlyduringreplayofarecording.
260
VMware, Inc.
(Optional)SelecttheEnableVisualStudiodebugger(experimental)checkboxto
usetheIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforVisualStudioonWindowsonly.
Developerscanuserecord/replaytorecordanexecutionofanapplicationand
debugtherecordedformoftheapplication.Recordedbugscanbereplayed
repeatedlyandexhibitthesamebehavior.
ClickOK.
StopStopstherecordingthatisinprogress.
AddSnapshotTakesareplaysnapshotatthecurrentlocationwithinthe
recording.Youcanusethissnapshotduringreplaytoskipaheadinarecording.
AddMarkerAddsamarkerintherecordingwithouttakingareplaysnapshot.
Youcanaddandlabelamarkerasareminderofapointofinterestintherecording.
MinimizeOnWindowsandLinuxhosts,the()buttonminimizestherecord
controldialogboxtothelowerleftsideofthestatusbar.Theminimizedmode
allowsyoutoworkonthevirtualmachineandusethecontrolsinthestatusbarto
eitherstoparecordingoraddamarker.
NOTEYoucannotclosetherecordcontroldialogbox.
MaximumdiskspaceShowsthemaximumdiskspacequotaallocatedforthe
recording.
SavingthelastDisplaystheapproximatedurationoftimewheretheendofa
recordingissaved.Forexample,ifyouaresavingthelast30minutesofthe
recording,astherecordingcontinues,onlythelast30minutesofthevirtual
machineactivityissavedatanygiventime.
SnapshotFrequencyShowsthefrequencywhenanautomaticreplaysnapshot
isaddedtotherecording.
NextautosnapshotDisplayswhenthenextautomaticreplaysnapshotisgoing
tobeaddedtotherecording.
LastsnapshotIndicateswhenthelastreplaysnapshotwasaddedtothe
recording.
VMware, Inc.
261
replay snapshot
marker
zoom
controls
Go to Beginning
Go to Previous Snapshot
Go to Next Snapshot
replay
speed
control
pause
replay snapshots
Thereplaycontroldialogboxcontainsthefollowingbuttons:
262
Play/PausePlaysthelastrecordingyoumadefortheselectedvirtualmachine.If
thevirtualmachineispoweredoff,therecordingisresumedasifithadbeen
suspended.Ifyouclickthesamebuttononce,thereplayispaused.Toresume
replay,clickthebuttonagain.
GoLiveStopsthereplaythatisinprogressandrevertstothecurrentstateofthe
virtualmachine.
AddSnapshotTakesareplaysnapshotatthecurrentlocationwithinthe
recording.Youcanusethissnapshotduringreplaytoskipaheadinarecording.
VMware, Inc.
AddMarkerAddsamarkerintherecordingwithouttakingareplaysnapshot.
Youcanaddandlabelamarkerasareminderofapointofinterestintherecording.
GotoBeginningReturnstothebeginningoftherecording.
GotoPreviousSnapshotReplaystherecordingtothepointwheretheprevious
replaysnapshotislocatedandpausestheplayback.
GotoNextSnapshotReplaystherecordingtothepointwherethenextreplay
snapshotislocatedandpausestheplayback.
GotoThisSnapshotReplaystherecordingfromtheselectedreplaysnapshot.
Rightclickthereplaysnapshoticontousethisoption.
RenameThisSnapshotRenamestheselectedreplaysnapshot.Rightclickthe
replaysnapshoticontousethisoption.
DeleteUptoThisSnapshotDeletestheportionoftherecordinguptothe
selectedreplaysnapshot.Allthemarkersandreplaysnapshotsuptotheselected
replaysnapshotaredeletedandcannotberecovered.Rightclickthereplay
snapshoticontousethisoption.
DeleteAfterThisSnapshotDeletestheremainingportionoftherecordingafter
theselectedreplaysnapshot.Allthemarkersandreplaysnapshotsafterthe
selectedreplaysnapshotaredeletedandcannotberecovered.Rightclickthe
replaysnapshoticontousethisoption.
RenameThisMarkerRenamestheselectedmarker.Rightclickthemarkericon
tousethisoption.
DeleteThisMarkerDeletestheselectedmarker.Rightclickthemarkericonto
usethisoption.
CurrentReplayPositionSliderAllowsyoutopreviewareplay.Youcandragthe
slidertothenearestpreviousmarkerorreplaysnapshotandstartreplaying.On
Linux,theautoscrollfunctionofthezoomedinportionisenabled.TheCurrent
ReplayPositionSliderisaredarrowlocatedintheprogresstimeline.
ZoomcontrolControlsthezoominandoutfunctionduringreplay.
MinimizeThe()buttonminimizesthedialogboxtothebottomlefthandside
ofthestatusbar.Theminimizedmodeallowsyoutoviewtherecordinginthe
virtualmachineandusethecontrolsinthestatusbar.Theprogressindicatorinthe
statusbarshowsthetimelineoftherecording.
NOTEYoucannotclosethereplaycontroldialogbox.
VMware, Inc.
263
ReplayspeedcontrolControlsthereplayspeedofarecording.OnWindows,
clicktherightbuttontoincreasethereplayspeedtothemaximum.Clicktheleft
buttontodecreasethereplayspeedtonormal.OnLinux,clickbuttontotoggle
betweenspeeds.
NOTEThespeedofaplaybackdependsonthehostactivityandworkloadofthe
guest.
Create a Recording
Whilecreatingarecordingyoucannotpauseorreverseit.Formoreinformationabout
enablingrecord/replayseeConfigureRecord/ReplayforaVirtualMachineon
page 259.
Beforeyoubegin,verifythescreenresolutionsettings.Theexistingscreenresolutionis
usedinthevirtualmachinewhilereplayingarecording.Theresolutioncannotbe
changedduringreplay.
NOTEIfyouhotremoveavirtualdevicefromtheguestbyusingtheWindowsSafely
RemoveHardwareoptionwhilecreatingarecording,therecordingterminates
unexpectedly.
To create a recording
1
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
TobeginrecordingselectVM>Replay>Record.
Arecordingspecificsnapshotistaken,andtherecordingdialogboxindicatesthat
recordingisinprogress.
IftheRecordcommandisunavailable,thefeaturemightnotbeenabledorthehard
diskmightbesettoindependentmode.
(Optional)Toaddareplaysnapshotduringrecording,clickAddSnapshotand
labelthereplaysnapshotintheAddReplaySnapshotdialogbox.
Takingasnapshotpausestheexecutionofthevirtualmachineforafewseconds.
Asidefromthereplaysnapshotsyouadd,replaysnapshotsareautomatically
addedaccordingtothefrequencyyousetbyusingthevirtualmachinesettings
editor.
(Optional)Toaddamarkerduringrecording,clickAddMarkerandlabelthe
markerintheAddMarkerdialogbox.
Addingmarkersdoesnotpausetheexecutionofthevirtualmachine.
264
VMware, Inc.
Tostoprecording,clicktheStopbuttonintherecordingdialogboxorinthe
toolbar.
(Optional)OnWindows,whilemakingarecording,youcanusetheminimized
recordcontroltostoparecording,addareplaysnapshot,oraddamarker.
CompletethedialogboxthatappearsandclickSave.
Tochangethenameoftherecording,addorchangethedescription,ordeletethe
recording,selectVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
Replay a Recording
Ifyouchangefromwindowedmodetofullscreenmodeduringreplay,theautofit
featuredoesnotwork.
To replay a recording
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Ifitispoweredonandyoudonotwanttolosethecurrentstateofthevirtual
machine,takeasnapshotofit.
Forinstructions,seeTakeaSnapshotonpage 209.
ToplaythelatestrecordingofthevirtualmachineselectVM>Replay>Replay
<name_of_recording>.
OnWindows,whilereplayingarecordingyoucanusethecontrolsinthe
minimizedreplaycontrol.
Toplayanearlierrecording,usethesnapshotmanager,asfollows:
a
SelectVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
SelecttherecordingsnapshottoplayandclickReplay.
IfyoustoptherecordingbeforeitisfinishedreplayingbyclickingtheGoLive
buttonandreplaytherecordingagain,therecordingstartsfromthe
beginning,notfromthepointwhereyouclickedGoLive.
AsnapshotofarecordingisshowninTable 91,SnapshotManagerIcons,
onpage 208.
Inthedialogboxthatappears,confirmthatyouwanttostartreplayingthe
recording.
Tosuspendthereplay,clickthePausebuttoninthereplaycontroldialogbox.The
buttontogglestoaPlaybuttonsothatyoucanclickitagaintoresumeplayingthe
recording.
VMware, Inc.
265
(Optional)Tomakeatracefileofeventsthatoccurredduringrecording,seeUsing
anExecutionTraceFileofaRecordingonpage 266.
(Optional)Tostopreplayingtherecordingbeforeitfinishesplaying,clicktheGo
Livebuttontostopthereplayandresumeinteractingwiththevirtualmachine.
Browse a Recording
Thelengthofarecordingcanvaryfromafewminutestoseveralhours.Whenthe
recordingisseveralhourslong,usethepositionslidertoaccesstherecordingat
randomintervals.OnWindowsandLinuxhosts,zoominandoutoftherecordingby
usingthezoomcontrols.Usethezoomedinautoscrollfunctiontobrowsethe
recording.
To browse a recording
1
Openarecording.
Dragthesliderfromthecurrentpositionintherecordingtoanotherspecific
position.
Thenewsliderpositionmusthavea16secondintervalfromthepreviousposition.
(Optional)Intheconfirmationdialogbox,selectthecheckboxNevershowthis
again.
Thedialogboxstopsreappearingeverytimeyoubrowsearecording.
ClickOK.
Thevirtualmachinerevertstothenearestpreviousreplaysnapshotandstarts
replayinguntilitreachesthetargetlocation.Duringthereplay,thesliderremains
atthesamepoint,andtheremainingplaybacktimeappearsinredabovetheslider.
Formoreinformation,seeFigure 121.Whentherecordingreachesthesliders
position,therecordingispaused.
266
VMware, Inc.
Openthepreferencesfilewithatexteditor.
Thisfileislocatedin:
OnWindowsServer2003andWindowsXPhosts,C:\Documents and
Settings\<username>\Application Data\VMware
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\VMware\
OnLinuxhosts,<homedir>/<username>/.vmware/
Here<homedir>isthehomedirectoryoftheuserwhoisloggedinatthetime
thevirtualmachineiscreated.
Towritetracefilestothevmware.log,addthefollowinglinetothepreferences
file.
pref.replay.enableTrace = "TRUE"
SelectVM>Settings.
UndertheOptionstab,selectAdvanced.
UndertheSettingsoption,setGatherdebugginginformationtoFullfromthe
dropdownmenu.
ClickOK.
(Optional)Towritetracefilestoaseparate.gzfile,addthefollowinglinetothe
vmx file.
replay.nogzTrace = false
VMware, Inc.
267
Replayarecording.
Inthereplaydialogbox,clickTracetostartthetracefile.
Theplaybackspeedoftherecordingslowsconsiderablywhilethetracefileis
created.
Toendthetracefile,clickTraceagain.
Otherwise,thetracefileendswhentherecordingfinishesreplaying.
Delete a Recording
Tofreediskspace,deleterecordingsthatyoudonotneed.
To delete a recording
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
SelectVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
IntheSnapshotManagerwindow,selecttherecordingtodelete.
RightclickandselectDeleteRecordingandChildren.
IfyouselectarecordingandclicktheDeletebutton,theselectedrecordingis
removedandthecorrespondingsnapshotsintherecordingremainintact.
268
VMware, Inc.
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtualmachine
whereXdenotestheintervalofscreenshotstakeninseconds.Thedefaultvaluefor
Xis15seconds.
snapshot.periodicScreenshots = "X"
Todisableperiodicscreenshots,changethevalueofXto0.
Saveandclosetheconfigurationfile.
VMware, Inc.
269
270
VMware, Inc.
13
Configuring Teams
13
Thischapterdescribeswhatvirtualmachineteamsareusedfor,howtocreatethem,
andhowtoconfigurethem.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
BenefitsofUsingTeamsonpage 271
ManagingTeamsonpage 272
SummaryandConsoleViewsforTeamsandTheirVirtualMachinesonpage 276
ManagingtheMembersofaTeamonpage 276
PowerOperationsforTeamsandTheirMembersonpage 279
WorkingwithTeamNetworksonpage 280
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamVirtualMachinesonpage 283
VirtualizemultitierenvironmentsStartseparateclient,server,anddatabase
virtualmachineswithoneclick.Configurestartupdelaytimessoclientsdonot
submitqueriesbeforetheserverisready.
Settingastartupdelaybetweenthebootingofvirtualmachinesalsoavoids
overloadingtheCPUofthehost.
VirtualizemultiplemachinetestingenvironmentsSetupasoftwarepackage
forQAonavirtualmachineandconfigureautomationonothervirtualmachines
totestthefirst.
VMware, Inc.
271
VirtualizenetworkperformanceandsecurityTeamvirtualmachinescanuse
networkingjustasothervirtualmachinescan.Inaddition,teammemberscan
communicateinprivatenetworkscalledLANsegments.Teamnetworkingletsyou
todothefollowing:
Isolateateamcompletelyfromthehostnetwork.AteamLANsegmentis
undetectableandinaccessiblefromanyothernetwork.
CreateavirtualDMZorproxyservertosecurelybridgetheteammembersto
theoutsidenetwork.
Allowspecificnetworkbandwidthandpacketlosstoeachvirtualmachineon
theteam.
Connectallteammembersfullytohostresources.
Youcontrolalltrafficallowedbetweenthehostnetworkandteamvirtual
machines.
MonitormultiplevirtualmachinesUsethumbnailviewsofthevirtualmachine
displaystoreviewactivityonteamvirtualmachinessimultaneously.
Managing Teams
Managingteamsrequirescreating,deleting,opening,closing,andchangingthenames
ofteams.
Create a Team
UsetheNewTeamwizardtocreateateamandaddvirtualmachines.
Beforecreatingateam,ifyouplantoaddvirtualmachinestotheteamwhile
completingtheNewTeamwizard,taketheseactions:
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoaddtotheteam.
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttocloneifyouintendtocreatea
cloneandaddittotheteam.
Youcaninsteadaddvirtualmachinesafteryoucreatetheteam,byusingtheTeam
menu.
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachinescannotbeaddedtoteams.
272
VMware, Inc.
To create a team
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>New>Team.
IntheNewTeamwizard,supplythefollowinginformation:
a
Enteranamefortheteamandspecifythelocationofthevirtualteamfiles.
Bydefault,theteamfilesarestoredinthesamedirectoryasvirtualmachines.
SeeVirtualMachineLocationonpage 83.
Specifywhethertoaddvirtualmachinestotheteamnoworlater.
Ifyouwanttoaddvirtualmachinesnow,youhavethefollowingoptions:
NewVirtualMachineLaunchestheNewVirtualMachinewizard.See
UsetheNewVirtualMachineWizardonpage 89.
ExistingVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucan
navigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmxfile.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateam,itcannolongerbeaccessed
outsidetheteam.SeeAddaVirtualMachinetoaTeamonpage 276.
NewCloneofVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyou
cannavigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmxfile.Afteryou
selectavirtualmachine,WorkstationlaunchestheCloneVirtualMachine
wizard.SeeCreatingClonesonpage 221.
SpecifywhethertoaddoneormoreLANsegments.
YoucanaddLANsegmentsafteryoucreatetheteambyusingtheTeam
menu.IfyouaddLANsegmentswhilecreatingtheteam,youcanchange
defaultnamesandbandwidthlater.SeeWorkingwithTeamNetworkson
page 280.
Aftertheteamiscreated,youcanaddittotheFavoriteslist.UsetheTeammenuto
configuretheteamfurtherortoaddandremovevirtualmachines.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>Open.
Browsetothelocationofthe.vmtmfilefortheteamyouwant.
VMware, Inc.
273
SelectthefileandclickOpen.
(Optional)ToaddtheteamtotheFavoriteslist,chooseFile>AddtoFavorites.
AfterateamisaddedtotheFavoriteslist,youcanopenitbyclickingitinthe
Favoriteslistratherthanusingthemenubar.
Youcannowpowerononeormoreofthevirtualmachinesintheteam.SeePowerOn
aTeamonpage 279.
Rename a Team
Whenyoucreateateam,thenameofthedirectorywheretheteam(.vmtm)fileisstored
isbasedonthenameyouoriginallygivetheteam.Althoughyoucanchangethename
oftheteam,thenameofthisfiledoesnotchange.
To rename a team
Dooneofthefollowing:
IftheteamisintheFavoriteslist,rightclickitandchooseRename.Typethenew
nameandpressEnter.
SelecttheteamandchooseTeam>Settings>Options.Typeanewnameinthe
TeamnamefieldandclickOK.
Topowerofftheteam,selectitandchooseTeam>Power>PowerOff.
Dependingonhowyouconfiguredpoweroperations,theguestoperatingsystem
mightbeshutdownbeforethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.SeeConfigure
PowerOffandResetOptionsforaVirtualMachineonpage 152.
274
VMware, Inc.
Toclosetheteam,selectitandchooseFile>Close.
DependingonhowWorkstationpreferencesareset,ifanyoftheteamsvirtual
machinesarestillpoweredon,youmightseeaprompt.Forinformationaboutthe
optionsshownintheprompt,seeClosingVirtualMachinesandExiting
Workstationonpage 71.
Delete a Team
Beforeyoucandeleteateam,youmustpoweroffallvirtualmachinesthataremembers
oftheteam.SeePowerOfforCloseaTeamonpage 274.
Whenyoudeleteateam,youcanchoosetodelete:
Onlytheteam(retainingthevirtualmachinesintheteam)
Theteamandthevirtualmachinesintheteam
ToremoveateamfromtheWorkstationwindowratherthandeletingit,seeRemovea
VirtualMachinefromaTeamonpage 277.
CAUTIONDeletingateampermanentlyremovestheteamfilesfromthehostfilesystem
andremovesassociatedLANsegmentsfromallvirtualmachines.Deletingtheteams
virtualmachinesalongwiththeteamremovesthevirtualmachinefilespermanently.
To delete a team
1
Completethedialogboxthatappears:
Todeletetheteamwithoutdeletingthevirtualmachinesinit,chooseDelete.
Todeletetheteamandthevirtualmachinesinit,chooseDeleteTeamand
VMs.
Whenyoudeleteateam,youalsodeleteallteamLANsegments.Thevirtual
networkadaptersassociatedwithdeletedLANsegmentsbecomedisconnected.
Bridged,hostonly,NAT,andcustomconfigurationsremainunchanged.
3
VMware, Inc.
ClickOK.
275
Thesummaryviewisavailableatanytime.SeeSummaryViewonpage 56.
Theconsoleviewisavailableonlywhenateamispoweredon.Agrabbarallows
youtoresizetheareas.Thisviewdisplaysalargeconsoleviewoftheselected
virtualmachineandthumbnailconsoleviewsoftheothervirtualmachinesinthe
team.Thumbnailviewsshowtheorderofthestartupsequencefromlefttoright
andtoptobottom.
Iftheteamcontainsmanyvirtualmachines,youmightneedtoscrollthethumbnailsto
viewallthevirtualmachines.Thethumbnailsaredisplayedinthesameorderasthe
teamsstartupsequence.Theleftmostvirtualmachineisthefirstoneinthesequence.
Workstationupdatesthumbnailsinrealtimetodisplaytheactualcontentofthevirtual
machinescreens.Theactivevirtualmachineistheoneyouselectorswitchtobyusing
theTeam>SwitchTomenu.Itappearsinthelowerpaneoftheconsole.Itsthumbnail
isrepresentedbytheVMwareicon.
Workstationmenusandcommandsdirectlyaffectonlytheactivevirtualmachine,and
youcanusethemouseandkeyboardtointeractdirectlywiththeactivevirtual
machine.
Infullscreenmode,Workstationdisplaysonlytheactivevirtualmachine.SeeUseFull
ScreenModeonpage 162.
276
Avirtualmachineisnotpoweredonwhenyouaddittoarunningteam.Youmust
powerontheaddedvirtualmachinemanuallytouseitduringthecurrentsession.
Theaddedvirtualmachineisthereafterpoweredonoroffwiththerestoftheteam.
VMware, Inc.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateam,youcannolongeroperatethevirtual
machineoutsidetheteam.Addingavirtualmachinetoateamremovesitfromthe
Favoriteslist.
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachinescannotbeaddedtoteams.
To add a virtual machine to a team
Selecttheteam,chooseTeam>Add,andchooseoneofthefollowingoptions:
NewVirtualMachineLaunchestheNewVirtualMachinewizard.SeeUsethe
NewVirtualMachineWizardonpage 89.
ExistingVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucannavigatethe
hostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmxfile.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateamitcannolongerbeaccessedoutsidethe
team.
NewCloneofVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucan
navigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmxfile.Afteryouselecta
virtualmachine,WorkstationlaunchestheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.See
CreatingClonesonpage 221.
Poweroffthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttoremove.
VMware, Inc.
277
Youcanperformthesetasksafterremovingthevirtualmachine:
AddthevirtualmachinetotheFavoriteslist.SeeToaddvirtualmachinesand
teamstotheFavoriteslistonpage 64.
Deletethevirtualmachineanderaseitsfilesfromthehostfilesystem.SeeDelete
aVirtualMachineonpage 158.
Selecttheteam.
ChooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheVirtualMachinestab.
Usetheupanddownarrowbuttonstoarrangethevirtualmachinesinthelist.
Thevirtualmachineatthetopofthelististhefirstinthestartupsequence.
Selecteachvirtualmachineandspecifyhowmanysecondsyouwantittowait
beforestartingthenextvirtualmachine.
Ifthevirtualmachineteamdependsonprecisestartuptiming,experimentto
determinehowmuchtimethehostandguestoperatingenvironmentsand
applicationsneedtolaunch.
278
ClickOKtosaveyourchanges.
VMware, Inc.
Power On a Team
Whenyoupoweronateam,thevirtualmachinesintheteampoweroninthestartup
sequencespecifiedintheteamsettingseditor.SeeSpecifytheStartupSequencefora
Teamonpage 278.
To power on a team
Dooneofthefollowing:
TousetheWorkstationGUI,selecttheteamandchooseTeam>Power>
Power On.
Tousethecommandline,seeStartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtual
Machinesonpage 485.
Tosuspendorresumeateam,selecttheteamandchooseoneoftheTeam>Power
options.
Allteamvirtualmachinesaresuspendedsimultaneously.
Toseetheprogressofaparticularteammember,chooseTeam>Switch To>
<virtual_machine_name>.
Thetimetocompletetheoperationvarieswiththesizeofthevirtualmachines.
VMware, Inc.
279
Selectthevirtualmachinefromtheteamsconsoletab.
ChoosetheappropriatecommandfromtheVM>Powermenu.
280
DHCPConfigureaDHCPserveronyourLANsegmenttoallocateIPaddresses
toyourvirtualmachines.
StaticIPConfigureafixedIPaddressforeachvirtualmachineontheLAN
segment.
VMware, Inc.
SelecttheteamandchooseTeam>Add>LAN Segment.
EnteranamefortheprivatenetworkandclickOK.
Youcanconfiguretheothersettingsinthisdialogboxlater.
YoucanperformthesetasksaftercreatingaLANsegment:
Configurenetworktransmissionpropertiesforthesegment.SeeConfigureLAN
Segmentsonpage 281.
Createanetworkadapterandconnectittothesegment.SeeAddorRemove
NetworkAdaptersonpage 282.
SelecttheteamandchooseTeam>Settings.
ClicktheLANSegmentstab,andcompletethefields.
Fromthistabyoucanadd,remove,andrenametheLANsegmentsconfiguredfor
theteam.
ThelistintheleftpanedisplaysLANsegmentsassociatedwiththeteam.
ClickanametoselecttheLANsegmentyouwanttoconfigure.
Therightpanedisplaysparametersforthephysicalpropertiesoftheemulated
LANsegmentlink:
VMware, Inc.
NameNameoftheLANsegment.Tochangethename,typeanewnamein
theNamefield.
BandwidthDropdownmenuofbandwidthsfortypicalnetworklinks.To
changethebandwidth,chooseanotherconnectiontypefromthedropdown
menu.
281
KbpsFieldtosetacustombandwidth,inkilobitspersecond.Changeshere
areoverwrittenwhenyoumakeaselectionfromtheBandwidthmenu.To
changethebandwidth,typeanumberintothefield.
PacketLossSpecificationoftheefficiencyorfaultinessofthelink,measured
inthepercentageofpacketslostfromthetotalnumberofpacketstransmitted.
Tochangethepacketlosssetting,typeanumberintothefield.
ClickOKtosaveyourchanges.
(Optional)Ifvirtualmachinesarecurrentlyrunningandyouwantthemtoadopt
theseconfigurationchanges,poweron,reset,orresumethevirtualmachines,as
appropriate.
Poweroffthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttoaddanetworkadaptertoorremove
anadapterfrom.
SelecttheteamandchooseTeam>Settings.
OntheConnectionstab,selectthevirtualmachineanddooneofthefollowing:
Toaddanetworkadapter,clickAddAdapter.
TheaddedadapterisdisplayedintheAdapterscolumn.Bydefault,the
adapterconnectstothebridgedLANsegment,butyoucanchangethesetting
byclickingacheckboxforanothersegment.Ifthesegmentyouwanttouseis
notlisted,createit.SeeCreateaTeamLANSegmentonpage 281.
NICsconfiguredwithconnectionsthroughaDHCPservercannotconnectto
ateamLANsegment.
282
Toremoveanadapter,selecttheadapteryouwanttoremoveandclick
RemoveAdapter.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
SelecttheteamandchooseTeam>Settings.
ClicktheLANSegmentstabandselecttheLANsegmentyouwanttodelete.
ClickRemoveandclickOK.
Theresultingcloneisnotpartoftheteam.
ThecloneappearsontheFavoriteslistaswellasinasummarywindow.
IftheparentvirtualmachineisconfiguredforaLANsegment,thevirtualnetwork
adapterforthatLANsegmentonthecloneisdisconnected.Toconnecttoa
network,youmustreconfigurethevirtualEthernetadaptermanually.
Snapshotsoperateonlyonvirtualmachinesandnotonthewholeteam.Whenateam
isactive,youcanusetheSnapshotbuttononthetoolbartotakeasnapshotofonlythe
activevirtualmachine.
Topreservethestateofallvirtualmachinesonateam,powerofftheteam,andtakea
snapshotofeachvirtualmachinebeforeyoupowerontheteamagain.
VMware, Inc.
283
284
VMware, Inc.
14
Configuring a Virtual
Network
14
ThischapterpreviewsthevirtualnetworkingcomponentsthatVMwareWorkstation
providesandshowshowtousethemwithyourvirtualmachine.Thischapterincludes
thefollowingtopics:
ComponentsoftheVirtualNetworkonpage 285
CommonNetworkingConfigurationsonpage 286
ExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfigurationonpage 291
ChangingaNetworkingConfigurationonpage 295
ConfiguringBridgedNetworkingonpage 297
ChangingtheSubnetorDHCPSettingsforaVirtualNetworkonpage 299
ConfiguringHostVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 301
Virtual Switch
Likeaphysicalswitch,avirtualswitchletsyouconnectothernetworkingcomponents
together.VirtualswitchesarecreatedasneededbyWorkstation,uptoatotalof10
virtualswitchesonWindowsand255onLinux.Youcanconnectoneormorevirtual
machinestoaswitch.Bydefault,afewofthevirtualswitchesaremappedtospecific
networks.
VMware, Inc.
285
Switch Name
Reference
Bridged
VMnet0
BridgedNetworkingonpage 287
NAT
VMnet8
NetworkAddressTranslation(NAT)onpage 289
Hostonly
VMnet1
HostOnlyNetworkingonpage 290
TheotheravailablenetworksarenamedVMnet2,VMnet3,VMnet4,andsoon.
DHCP Server
Thedynamichostconfigurationprotocol(DHCP)serverprovidesIPnetwork
addressestovirtualmachinesinconfigurationsthatarenotbridgedtoanexternal
network.Forexample,hostonlyandNATconfigurationsusetheDHCPserver.
Network Adapter
Avirtualnetworkadapterissetupforyourvirtualmachinewhenyouuseanytypeof
networkingtocreateitwiththeNewVirtualMachinewizard.Itappearsintheguest
operatingsystemasanAMDPCNETPCIadapterorasanIntelPro/1000MTServer
Adapter.OnWindowsVistaandWindows7guests,itisanIntelPro/1000MTServer
Adapter.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortocreateandconfigureupto10network
adaptersineachWorkstation6.0andhighervirtualmachine.Thelimitisthreeadapters
forWorkstation4or5.xvirtualmachines.Formoreinformation,seeChanginga
NetworkingConfigurationonpage 295.
286
VMware, Inc.
Youcansetupmorespecializedconfigurationsbychoosingtheappropriatesettingsin
thevirtualmachinesettingseditor,inthevirtualnetworkeditor(onWindowsand
Linuxhosts),andonyourhostcomputer.Onallhosts,thesoftwareneededforall
networkingconfigurationsisinstalledwhenyouinstallWorkstation.
YoucanconnectmultiplevirtualmachinestothesamevirtualEthernetswitch.Ona
Windowshost,youcanconnectanunlimitednumberofvirtualnetworkdevicestoa
virtualswitch.OnaLinuxhost,youcanconnectupto32devices.
IfyouhavesetyourvirtualnetworksettingsonapreviousversionofWorkstationand
upgradetoanewversion,yourpreviousnetworksettingsmightbefullyorpartially
preserved.Formoreinformation,seePreparingforanUpgradeonpage 47.
Bridged Networking
Bridgednetworkingconnectsavirtualmachinetoanetworkbyusingthehost
computersnetworkadapter.Ifyourhostcomputerisonanetwork,thisisoftenthe
easiestwaytogiveyourvirtualmachineaccesstothatnetwork.Thevirtualnetwork
adapterinthevirtualmachineconnectstothephysicalnetworkadapterinyourhost
computer,allowingittoconnecttotheLANthehostcomputeruses.
Bridgednetworkingconfiguresyourvirtualmachineasauniqueidentityonthe
network,separatefromandunrelatedtoitshost.Itmakesthevirtualmachinevisible
toothercomputersonthenetwork,andtheycancommunicatedirectlywiththevirtual
machine.Bridgednetworkingworkswithbothwiredandwirelessphysicalhost
networkcards.
Figure 14-1. Bridged Networking Setup
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine
VMware, Inc.
host
network
adapter
287
Foranewvirtualmachine,chooseFile>New>VirtualMachine>Custom
(advanced)andselectUsebridgednetworkingintheNewVirtualMachine
wizard.
Foranexistingvirtualmachine,chooseVM>Settings.
a
OntheHardwaretabselectNetworkAdapter.
IntheNetworkconnectionsectionselectBridged:Connecteddirectlytothe
physicalnetwork.
(Optional)SelectReplicatephysicalnetworkconnectionstateifyouusethe
virtualmachineonalaptoporothermobiledevice.
Asyoumovefromonewiredorwirelessnetworktoanother,theIPaddressis
automaticallyrenewed.
288
VMware, Inc.
virtual machine
NAT
device
DHCP server
network
IfyouselectNAT,thevirtualmachinecanusemanystandardTCP/IPprotocolsto
connecttoothermachinesontheexternalnetwork.Forexample,youcanuseHTTPto
browseWebsites,FTPtotransferfiles,andTelnettologontoothercomputers.
NAT alsoletsyoutoconnecttoaTCP/IPnetworkbyusingaTokenRingadapteronthe
hostcomputer.
Inthedefaultconfiguration,computersontheexternalnetworkcannotinitiate
connectionstothevirtualmachine.Thatmeans,forexample,thatthedefault
configurationdoesnotletyouusethevirtualmachineasaWebservertosendWeb
pagestocomputersontheexternalnetwork.Thisconfigurationprotectstheguest
operatingsystemfrombeingcompromisedbeforeyouhaveachancetoinstallsecurity
software.FormoreinformationonNAT,seeUsingNATonpage 316.
VMware, Inc.
289
Setting Up NAT
Bydefault,NATisusedwhenyouusetheTypicalsetuptocreateavirtualmachinein
theNewVirtualMachinewizard.
Host-Only Networking
Hostonlynetworkingcreatesanetworkthatiscompletelycontainedwithinthehost
computer.Hostonlynetworkingprovidesanetworkconnectionbetweenthevirtual
machineandthehostcomputer,usingavirtualnetworkadapterthatisvisibletothe
hostoperatingsystem.Thisapproachcanbeusefulifyouneedtosetupanisolated
virtualnetwork.Inthisconfiguration,thevirtualmachinecannotconnecttothe
Internet.Formoreinformationonhostonlynetworking,seeSelectingIPAddresses
onaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfigurationonpage 304.
Figure 14-3. Host-Only Networking Setup
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine
290
DHCP server
VMware, Inc.
Foranewvirtualmachine,chooseFile>New>VirtualMachine>Custom
(advanced)andselectUsehostonlynetworkingintheNewVirtualMachine
wizard.
Foranexistingvirtualmachine,chooseVM>Settings.
a
OntheHardwaretabselectNetworkAdapter.
IntheNetworkconnectionsectionclickHostonly:Aprivatenetworkshared
withthehost.
VMware, Inc.
291
Beforeyouattempttosetupcomplexvirtualnetworks,youneedagoodunderstanding
ofhowtoconfigurenetworkdevicesinyourhostandguestoperatingsystems.
Figure 144showsmostofthewaysyoucancombinedevicesonavirtualnetwork.In
thisexample,aWebserverconnectsthroughafirewalltoanexternalnetwork.An
administratorscomputerconnectstotheWebserverthroughasecondfirewall.
Figure 14-4. Custom Configuration with Two Firewalls
host
network
adapter
virtual bridge
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine 2
Web server
virtual
network
adapter
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine 3
firewall
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine 1
firewall
virtual
network
adapter
virtual machine 4
internal PC
OthercustomconfigurationsaredescribedinAdvancedVirtualNetworkingon
page 303andUsingNATonpage 316.
292
VMware, Inc.
SetupfourvirtualmachinesusingtheNewVirtualMachinewizard:
a
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine.
Createthefirstvirtualmachinewithbridgednetworkingsothatitcanconnect
toanexternalnetworkbyusingthehostcomputersnetworkadapter.
Createtheotherthreevirtualmachineswithoutnetworking.
Settingupvirtualnetworkadaptersandinstallationoftheoperatingsystems
areperformedinStep 7.
Configurenetworksettingsforthefirstvirtualmachine:
a
Openthefirstvirtualmachine,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddasecondvirtualnetwork
adapter.
SeeChangingaNetworkingConfigurationonpage 295.
c
3
VMware, Inc.
ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Configurenetworksettingsforthesecondvirtualmachine.
a
Openavirtualmachine,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
ConnecttheadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Configurenetworksettingsforthethirdvirtualmachine:
a
Openvirtualmachine3,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
ConnecttheadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddasecondvirtualnetwork
adapter.
ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet3).
Configurenetworksettingsforthefourthvirtualmachine:
a
Openvirtualmachine4,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
ConnecttheadaptertoCustom(VMnet3).
293
DeterminethenetworkaddressesusedforVMnet2andVMnet3:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrunthefollowing
command:
ipconfig /all
Notethenetworkaddressesthateachvirtualadapteruses.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrunthefollowingcommand:
ifconfig
Notethenetworkaddressesthateachvirtualswitchuses.
7
Poweroneachvirtualmachineinturnandinstalltheappropriateguestoperating
system.
OnWindowsandLinuxhosts,toconfigurenetworkaddressesusingtheDHCP
server,dothefollowing:
a
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
OnLinux,chooseApplications>SystemTools>VirtualNetworkEditor,or
theequivalentmenupathforyourversionofLinux.
SelectVMnet2andchecktheUselocalDHCPservicetodistributeIPaddress
toVMsoption.
Formoreinformationonchangingsubnets,seeChangeSubnetorDHCP
SettingsonaWindowsHostonpage 300andChangeSubnetorDHCP
SettingsonaLinuxHostonpage 300.
Configurethenetworkingineachguestoperatingsystem:
Machine1Forthebridgednetworkadapterinvirtualmachine1,usethe
networkingsettingsneededforaconnectiontotheexternalnetwork.Ifthe
virtualmachinereceivesitsIPaddressfromaDHCPserverontheexternal
network,thedefaultsettingsshouldwork.
Forthesecondnetworkadapterinvirtualmachine1,manuallyassignan
IP addressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
10
294
Machine2AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
Machine3NetworkadaptersareconnectedtoVMnet2andVMnet3.Assign
anIPaddressinthevirtualnetworksrangeitisconnectedto.
Machine4AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet3.
Installthenecessaryapplicationsoftwareineachvirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings>Hardware.
Selectthenetworkadapter.
TheNetworkConnectionsectiondisplaysthedetailsthatletsyoutochangethe
settings.
Tochangethenetworktype,seeModifyExistingVirtualNetworkAdapterson
page 296.
Selectthevirtualmachinetowhichyouwanttoaddtheadapter.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
SelectNetworkAdapterandclickNext.
Selectthenetworktypetouse.
VMware, Inc.
295
(Optional)IfyouselectCustom,choosetheVMnetnetworktousefromthe
dropdownmenu.
AlthoughVMnet0,VMnet1,andVMnet8aretechnicallyavailableinthislist,they
areusuallyusedforbridged,hostonly,andNATconfigurations,respectively.You
mustperformanotherproceduretomakethemavailableforuseincustom
configurations.ChooseoneoftheotherVMnetswitches.
ClickFinish.
Thenewadapterisadded.
ClickOKtosaveyourconfiguration.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selecttheadaptertomodify.
Selectthenetworktypetouse.
(Optional)IfyouselectCustom,choosetheVMnetvirtualnetworktouseforthe
networkfromthedropdownmenu.
AlthoughVMnet0,VMnet1,andVMnet8aretechnicallyavailableinthismenu,
theyareusuallyusedforbridged,hostonly,andNATconfigurations,respectively.
Youmustperformanotherproceduretomakethemavailableforuseincustom
configurations.ChooseoneoftheotherVMnetswitches.
ClickOK.
BesuretheguestoperatingsystemisconfiguredtouseanappropriateIPaddress
onthenewnetwork.
IftheguestisusingDHCP,releaseandrenewthelease.IftheIPaddressisset
statically,besuretheguesthasanaddressonthecorrectvirtualnetwork.
296
VMware, Inc.
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
Bydefault,VMnet0issettouseautomaticbridgingmodeandbridgestoallofthe
activenetworkadaptersonthehostcomputer.
ClicktheAutomaticSettings,andselectthecheckboxfortheavailablephysical
networkadapter(s)toautomaticallybridgetoVMnet0.
Toplacerestrictionsonanetworkadapter,seeAddorRemoveaHostNetwork
AdapterfromtheListofIncludedAdapters.
ClickOK.
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
ClickAutomaticSettings.
IntheIncludeadapterssection,dooneofthefollowing:
VMware, Inc.
Toremoveanadapter,deselecttheadapter.
Toaddanadapter,selecttheadapter.
ClickOK.
297
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
ChooseanadapterfromtheBridgedtodropdownmenu.
YoucancreateacustombridgednetworkonvirtualswitchesVMnet2toVMnet7.
OnWindows,youcanalsouseVMnet9.OnLinux,youcanalsousevmnet10
throughvmnet255.
ClickOK.
OntheLinuxhost,dooneofthefollowing:
Fromthedesktop,
Openaterminalwindowandenterthefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware-netcfg
298
Whenprompted,entertheadministratorpassword.
Ifthetableinthenetworkeditordoesnotdisplayarowforvmnet0,click
Add NetworkandcompletetheAddVirtualNetworkdialogbox.
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevmnet0rowinthetableandselectBridged.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Touseautomaticbridging,clickAutomaticSettingsandcompletethedialog
box.
Ifyouselectmultiplecheckboxes,thevirtualmachinebridgestothefirst
availablehostnetworkadapter.Ifaniteminthelistisdisabled,theadapteris
notavailablebecauseitisalreadybeingusedtobridgetoanothervmnet.
Tospecifyonehostnetworkadapter,usetheBridgetolistbox.
ClickSave.
VMware, Inc.
299
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
ChangethesubnetIPaddressintheSubnetIPfieldandmodifythesubnetmask
intheSubnetmaskfield.
Theaddressshouldspecifyavalidnetworkaddressthatissuitableforusewiththe
subnetmask.
ClickOK.
IntheDHCPsettingsdialogbox,youcanchangetherangeofIPaddresses
providedbytheWorkstationDHCPserveronaparticularvirtualnetwork.
YoucanalsosetthedurationofDHCPleasesprovidedtoclientsonthevirtual
network.
ClickOK.
OntheLinuxhost,dooneofthefollowing:
Fromthedesktop,chooseApplications>SystemTools>VirtualNetwork
Configuration,ortheequivalentmenupathforyourversionofLinux.
Openaterminalwindowandenterthefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware-netcfg
300
Whenprompted,entertheadministratorpassword.
VMware, Inc.
Ifthetableinthenetworkeditordoesnotdisplayarowforthenetworktypeyou
want,clickAddNetworkandcompletetheAddVirtualNetworkdialogbox.
Usevmnet1forahostonlynetworktype,andusevmnet8foraNATnetworktype.
SelecttherowinthetablethatcorrespondstothenetworktoeditandselectNAT
orHostonly,asappropriate.
UsetheappropriatecheckboxestospecifywhethertouseaDHCPservice,ahost
virtualadapter,orboth.
TospecifysubnetIP,dooneofthefollowing:
ToautomaticallyselectanunusedsubnetIP,leavetheSubnetIPtextbox
empty.
Thenexttimeyoustartthevirtualnetworkeditor,thesubnetIPappearsinthe
textbox.
TypethesubnetIPyouwanttouseintheSubnetIPtextbox.
ClickSave.
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
ClicktheConnectahostvirtualadaptertothisnetworkoptiontoconnect.
DeselecttheConnectahostvirtualadaptertothisnetworkoptiontodisconnect.
VMware, Inc.
301
Tohavetwovirtualmachinesconnectedtoonehostonlynetwork,andother
virtualmachinesconnectedtoanotherhostonlynetworktoisolatethenetwork
trafficoneachnetwork.
Totestroutingbetweentwovirtualnetworks.
Totestavirtualmachinewithmultiplenetworkinterfacecards,withoutusingany
physicalnetworkadapters.
OnWindowsandLinuxhosts,thefirsthostonlynetworkissetupautomaticallywhen
youinstallWorkstation.TosetupmultiplehostonlynetworksonWindowsandLinux
hostsseeConnectorDisconnectaHostVirtualNetworkAdapteronpage 301.
OnaLinuxhost,afterthehostonlynetworksaresetup,atleastfournetworkinterfaces
appear:eth0,lo,vmnet1,andvmnet2.Thesefourinterfacesshouldhavedifferent
IP addressesonseparatesubnets.
302
VMware, Inc.
15
Advanced Virtual
Networking
15
Thischapterprovidesdetailedinformationaboutnetworkingcapabilitiesand
specializedconfigurationsforexpertusers.Thischapterincludesthefollowing
advancedvirtualnetworkingtopics:
SelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfigurationon
page 304
AvoidingIPPacketLeakageinaHostOnlyNetworkonpage 306
MaintainingandChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 308
ControllingRoutingInformationforaHostOnlyNetworkonLinuxonpage 310
PotentialIssueswithHostOnlyNetworkingonLinuxonpage 311
ConfiguringHostOnlyVirtualMachinesonpage 312
SetUpRoutingBetweenTwoHostOnlyNetworksonpage 314
UsingVirtualNetworkAdaptersinPromiscuousModeonaLinuxHoston
page 316
UsingNATonpage 316
AdvancedNATConfigurationonpage 319
UsingSambawithWorkstationonpage 328
VMware, Inc.
303
304
VMware, Inc.
Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.2192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2
NATdevice
192.168.0.2
<net>.3<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.3192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
VMware, Inc.
305
Address Use
Example
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
ClickDHCPSettingstochangesettingsfortheselectedvirtualnetwork.
IntheDHCPSettingsdialogboxthatappears,makechangesandclickOK.
ToconfigurethehostonlyDHCPserver,edittheDHCPconfigurationfilefor
vmnet1(/etc/vmware/vmnet1/dhcp/dhcp.conf).
ToconfiguretheDHCPserverfortheNATnetwork,edittheconfigurationfilefor
vmnet8(/etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcp/dhcp.conf).
306
VMware, Inc.
Ifthehostcomputerhasmultiplenetworkadapters,itmightbeintentionally
configuredtouseIPforwarding.Ifthatisthecase,youdonotwanttodisable
forwarding.Toavoidpacketleakage,youmustenableapacketfilteringfacilityand
specifythatpacketsfromthehostonlynetworkshouldnotbesentoutsidethehost
computer.Consultyouroperatingsystemdocumentationfordetailsonhowto
configurepacketfiltering.
StoptheRoutingandRemoteAccessservice:
a
ChooseStart>Runandenterservices.mscintheRundialogbox.
IntheServiceswindowthatappears,disabletheRoutingandRemoteAccess
service.
UseWindowsAdministrativeToolstodisableroutingandremoteaccess:
a
OnaWindows2003Serverhost,chooseStart>Programs>Administrative
Tools>RoutingandRemoteAccess.
Aniconontheleftislabeledwiththehostname.Ifagreendotappearsover
theicon,IPforwardingisturnedon.
ToturnoffIPforwarding,rightclicktheiconanddisableRoutingand
RemoteAccess.
Areddotappears,indicatingthatIPforwardingisdisabled.
VMware, Inc.
307
Disableforwardingbywritinga0(zero)tothespecialfile
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.Asroot(su-),enterthefollowingcommand:
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
UseaconfigurationoptionthatisappropriateforyourLinuxdistribution.
For example,youmightuseacontrolpanel,specifyasettingatthetimeyou
compileyourkernel,orenteraspecificationwhenyoubootyoursystem.
Fordetailsaboutthemethodtousewithyourdistribution,consultyouroperating
systemdocumentation.
Thevirtualmachineisnotmoved.Thatis,thepathnameandfilenameforthe
virtualmachinesconfigurationfileremainthesame.
Nochangesaremadetocertainsettingsintheconfigurationfile.
However,WorkstationcannotguaranteetoautomaticallyassignuniqueMAC
addressesforvirtualmachinesthatrunonmultiplehostsystems.
VMware, Inc.
Donotchangecertainsettingsinthevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.If you
neveredittheconfigurationfilebyhandanddonotremovethevirtualnetwork
adapter,thesesettingsremainunchanged.Ifyoudoedittheconfigurationfilebyhand,
donotremoveorchangethefollowingoptions:
ethernet[n].generatedAddress
ethernet[n].addressType
ethernet[n].generatedAddressOffset
uuid.location
uuid.bios
ethernet[n].present
Intheseoptions,[n]isthenumberofthevirtualnetworkadapter,forexample0.
NOTETopreserveavirtualnetworkadaptersMACaddress,youmustbecarefulnot
toremovetheadapter.Ifyouremovetheadapterbutlaterrecreateit,theadapter
mightreceiveadifferentMACaddress.
ThesameMACaddressisassignedtoagivenvirtualmachineeverytimeyou
poweriton,evenifthevirtualmachineismoved.
AuniqueMACaddressisprovidedforeachvirtualmachinewithinanetworked
environment.
Useatexteditortoremovefromtheconfiguration(.vmx)filethethreelinesthat
beginwiththefollowing:
ethernet[n].generatedAddress
ethernet[n].addressType
ethernet[n].generatedAddressOffset
Intheseoptions,[n]isthenumberofthevirtualnetworkadapter,forexample,0.
OnaLinuxhost,avirtualmachinecreatedwithanearlierVMwareproductmight
haveaconfigurationfilewitha.cfgextension.
VMware, Inc.
309
AddthefollowinglinetotheconfigurationfileabovetheUUIDlinesinthefile:
ethernet[n].address = 00:50:56:XX:YY:ZZ
Inthisline,thefourthpairofnumbers,XX,mustbeavalidhexadecimalnumber
between00hand3Fh,andYYandZZmustbevalidhexadecimalnumbersbetween
00handFFh.YoumustusetheaboveformatbecauseWorkstationvirtual
machinesdonotsupportarbitraryMACaddresses.
AvalueforXX:YY:ZZthatisuniqueamongyourhardcodedaddressesavoids
conflictsbetweentheautomaticallyassignedMACaddressesandthemanually
assignedaddresses.
310
VMware, Inc.
Here <net>isthenetworknumberassignedtoyourhostonlynetwork,forexample,
192.168.0.Thislineintheconfigurationfileinformsdhcpdaboutthehostonlynetwork
andtellsitexplicitlynottorespondtoanyDHCPrequestsarrivingfromit.
Analternativesolutionistoexplicitlystatethesetofnetworkinterfacesfordhcpdto
monitoreachtimeyoustarttheprogram.Forexample,ifyourmachinehasone
Ethernetinterface,eth0,eachtimeyoustartdhcpd,listtheinterfaceonthecommand
line:
dhcpd eth0
Thispreventsdhcpdfromsearchingforallavailablenetworkinterfaces.
IfthesesolutionsdonotworkforyourDHCPserverprogram,itmightbeanoldDHCP
server.YoucantryupgradingtoamorecurrentversionofDHCPavailablefromthe
InternetSystemsConsortium(ISC)Website.
VMware, Inc.
311
Tousenamestocommunicatewithothervirtualmachines,youmusteithereditthe
DHCPconfigurationfileforvmnet1(/etc/vmware/vmnet1/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf),or
useIPaddressesthatarestaticallyboundtoahostname.EditingtheDHCPserver
configurationfilerequiresinformationthatisbestobtaineddirectlyfromtheDHCP
serverdocumentation.Consultthedhcpd(8)anddhcpd.conf(8)manualpages.
NOTETheeditsmadeinsidethereadonlysectionoftheDHCPconfigurationfileare
lostthenexttimeyourunthenetworkeditor.
Configuration1Thevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithonevirtualnetwork
adapter,andthatvirtualadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface
(VMnet1).Tousethisconfiguration,seeSetUpUsingConfiguration1or2on
page 312.
Configuration2Thevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithonevirtualnetwork
adapter,andthatvirtualadapterisconnectedtothenewlycreatedhostonly
interface(VMnet2).Tousethisconfiguration,seeSetUpUsingConfiguration1
or2onpage 312.
Configuration3Thevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithtwovirtualnetwork
adapters.Onevirtualadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface
(VMnet1)andtheothervirtualadapterisconnectedtothenewlycreatedhostonly
interface(VMnet2).Tousethisconfiguration,seeSetUpUsingConfiguration3
onpage 313.
312
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectNetworkAdapter.
VMware, Inc.
IntheNetworkConnectionsection,dooneofthefollowing:
Toconnecttothedefaulthostonlyinterface(VMnet1),selectHostonly.
Toconnecttothenewlycreatedhostonlyinterface,selectCustom,andchoose
VMnet2fromthedropdownmenuontheright.
(Optional)Ifnonetworkadapterisshowninthelistofdevices,addone,as
describedinAddVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 295.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectthefirstNetworkAdapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionsection,selectHostonly.
Thisadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface(VMnet1).
Selectthesecondnetworkadapterinthelist,andintheNetworkConnection
section,selectCustomandchooseVMnet2fromthedropdownmenu.
Poweronthevirtualmachineandinstallyourguestoperatingsystem.
Inconfigurations1and2,youseeonenetworkadapter.Inconfiguration3,yousee
twonetworkadapterswithintheguest.
VMware, Inc.
AssignIPaddressestothevirtualnetworkadapters.
313
(Optional)ToseetheIPaddressthatahostonlynetworkisusing:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrunthefollowing
command:
ipconfig /all
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrunthefollowingcommand:
ifconfig
Theroutersoftwarerunsonthehostcomputer.
Theroutersoftwarerunsonitsownvirtualmachine.
Theexamplesdescribedhereoutlinethesimplestcase,withonevirtualmachineon
eachofthehostonlynetworks.Formorecomplexconfigurations,youcanaddmore
virtualmachinesandhostonlynetworks,asappropriate.
To set up routing between two host-only networks
1
Setuptheconnectiontothefirst(default)hostonlyinterface,asdescribedinSet
UpUsingConfiguration1or2onpage 312.
Setuptheconnectiontothesecond(VMnet2)hostonlyinterface,asdescribedin
SetUpUsingConfiguration1or2onpage 312.
(Optional)Toruntheroutersoftwareonavirtualmachine,setupathirdvirtual
machinewithconnectionstothetwohostonlyinterfaces,asdescribedinSetUp
UsingConfiguration3onpage 313.
Toruntheroutersoftwareonyourhostcomputer,skipthisstep.
StoptheVMnetDHCPserverservice:
OnaWindowshost,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor>DHCP,selectthe
serviceandclickStop.
OnaLinuxhost,openaterminalandusethefollowingcommandtostopthe
vmnet-dhcpdservice:
killall -TERM vmnet-dhcpd
314
Installguestoperatingsystemsineachofthevirtualmachines.
VMware, Inc.
Installtheroutersoftware,eitheronthehostcomputerorinthethirdvirtual
machine,dependingontheapproachyouareusing.
Configurenetworkinginthefirsttwovirtualmachinestouseaddressesonthe
appropriatehostonlynetwork:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandruntheipconfig /all
commandtodeterminewhichIPaddresseseachhostonlynetworkisusing.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandruntheifconfigcommandto
determinewhichIPaddresseseachhostonlynetworkisusing.
AssignIPaddressesbydoingoneofthefollowing:
Ifyouarerunningtherouteronthehostcomputer,assigndefaultrouter
addressesbasedontheaddressesofthehostonlyadaptersonthehost
computer.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapterconnectedto
VMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,the
defaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapter
connectedtoVMnet2.
Ifyouarerunningtheroutersoftwareinathirdvirtualmachine,setthe
defaultrouteraddressesinthefirsttwovirtualmachinesbasedonthe
addressesthatthethirdvirtualmachineuses.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethirdvirtualmachinesnetwork
adapterconnectedtoVMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworking
configuration,thedefaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethird
virtualmachinesnetworkadapterconnectedtoVMnet2.
Youcannowpingtheroutermachinefromvirtualmachines1and2.Iftherouter
softwareissetupcorrectly,youcancommunicatebetweenthefirstandsecond
virtualmachines.
VMware, Inc.
315
Here<newgroup>isthegroupthatshouldbeabletosetvmnet0topromiscuousmode.
Foralluserstobeabletosetthevirtualnetworkadapter(/dev/vmnet0intheexample)
topromiscuousmode,runthefollowingcommandonthehostoperatingsystemasthe
rootuser:
chmod a+rw /dev/vmnet0
Using NAT
NATprovidesawayforvirtualmachinestousemostclientapplicationsoveralmost
anytypeofnetworkconnectionavailabletothehost.Theonlyrequirementisthatthe
networkconnectionmustsupportTCP/IP.
NATisusefulwhenyouhavealimitedsupplyofIPaddressesorareconnectedtothe
networkthroughanonEthernetnetworkadapter.NATworksbytranslatingaddresses
ofvirtualmachinesinaprivateVMnetnetworktotheaddressofthehostmachine.
Whenavirtualmachinesendsarequesttoaccessanetworkresource,itappearstothe
networkresourceasiftherequestiscomingfromthehostmachine.
316
VMware, Inc.
ThehostcomputerhasahostvirtualadapterontheNATnetworkidenticaltothehost
virtualadapteronthehostonlynetwork.Thisadapterallowsthehostandthevirtual
machinestocommunicatewitheachotherforsuchpurposesasfilesharing.TheNAT
deviceneverforwardstrafficfromthehostvirtualadapter.
VMware, Inc.
317
318
VMware, Inc.
FilesharingofthetypeusedbyWindowsoperatingsystemsandSambaispossible
amongcomputersontheNATnetwork,includingvirtualmachinesandthehost
computer.IfyouareusingWINSserversonyournetwork,avirtualmachineusing
NATnetworkingcanaccesssharedfilesandfoldersonthehostthattheWINSserver
knowsifthosesharedfilesandfoldersareinthesameworkgroupordomain.
ChooseEdit>VirtualNetworkEditor.
UsethecontrolsintheNATSettingsmenutoconfigureNAT:
TostopandstartthevirtualNATdevice,clicktheappropriatebuttons.
ToeditNATsettingsforavirtualnetwork,choosetheVMnetnetworkfrom
thedropdownmenuandclickEdit.
ClickDNSSettingstosetuporchangeportforwardingortospecifyDNSservers
thatthevirtualNATdeviceshoulduse.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
319
Location
NAT
DHCP
Usethevirtualnetworkeditor(Edit>VirtualNetworkEditor)tochangemanykey
NATandDCHPsettings.
Ifyoumakemanualchangestotheconfigurationfiles,thosechangesmightbelost
whenyouusethevirtualnetworkeditor.Makebackupcopiesofthefilesbeforeyou
changeanysettingsinthevirtualnetworkeditor.Youcanthencopyyourmanual
changesbackintotheappropriateconfigurationfiles.
320
VMware, Inc.
Table 15-4. Parameters to Map Virtual Machine Source and Destination Ports
Parameter
Description
autodetect = <n>
TheautodetectsettingdetermineswhethertheVMwareNATdevice
automaticallyattemptstomapvirtualmachinesourceportsbelow
1024toNATsourceportsbelow1024.Asettingof1meanstrue.A
settingof0meansfalse.OnaWindowshost,thedefaultis1(true).
OnaLinuxhost,thedefaultis0(false).
port = <n>
Theportsettingspecifiesadestinationport(where<n>istheporton
theserverthatacceptstheconnectionfromtheclient).Whenevera
virtualmachineconnectstothespecifiedportonanyserver,theNAT
deviceattemptstomaketheconnectionfromasourceportbelow
1024.Youcanincludeoneormoreportsettingsinthe
[privilegedUDP]or[privilegedTCP]sectionorinbothsections,
asrequiredfortheconnectionsyouneedtomake.Entereachport
settingonaseparateline.
OnaWindowshost:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\vmnetnat.conf
Ifyoueditthisfileandthenusethevirtualnetworkeditor(Edit>VirtualNetwork
Editor)youreditsmightbelost.
OnaLinuxhost:
/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf
TheNATconfigurationfileisdividedintosections.Eachsectionconfiguresapartofthe
NATdevice.Textsurroundedbysquarebrackets,suchas[dns],marksthebeginning
ofasection.Ineachsectionisaconfigurationparameterthatcanbeset.
The configurationparameterstaketheformip = 192.168.27.1/24.TheNAT
configurationfilecontainsthefollowingsections.
VMware, Inc.
321
ipTheIPaddressthattheNATdeviceshoulduse.Itcanbefollowedbyaslash
andthenumberofbitsinthesubnet.
netmaskThesubnetmasktousefortheNATnetwork.DHCPaddressesare
allocatedfromthisrangeofaddresses.
configportAportthatcanbeusedtoaccessstatusinformationabouttheNAT
device.
deviceTheVMnetdevicetouse.Windowsdevicesareoftheformvmnet<x>
where<x>isthenumberoftheVMnet.Linuxdevicesareoftheform
/dev/vmnet<x>.
activeFTPFlagtoindicateifactiveFTPistobeallowed.ActiveFTPallows
incomingconnectionstobeopenedbytheremoteFTPserver.Turningthisoff
meansthatonlypassivemodeFTPworks.Setthisflagto0toturnitoff.
322
policyPolicytouseforDNSforwarding.Acceptedvaluesinclude:
orderSendoneDNSrequestatatimeintheorderofthenameservers.
rotateSendoneDNSrequestatatimeandrotatethroughtheDNSservers.
burstSendtothreeserversandwaitforthefirstonetorespond.
timeoutTimeinsecondsbeforeretryingaDNSrequest.
retriesNumberofretriesbeforetheNATdevicestopstryingtorespondtoa
DNSrequest.
autodetectFlagtoindicatewhethertheNATdeviceshoulddetecttheDNS
serversavailabletothehost.
nameserver1IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
VMware, Inc.
nameserver2IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
nameserver3IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
Ifautodetectisonandsomenameserversarespecified,theDNSserversspecified
innameserver1,nameserver2,andnameserver3areaddedbeforethelistof
detectedDNSservers.
nbnsTimeout = 2Timeout,inseconds,forNBNSqueries.
nbnsRetries = 3NumberofretriesforeachNBNSquery.
nbdsTimeout = 3Timeout,inseconds,forNBDSqueries.
Thisexamplecreatesamapfromport8887onthehosttotheIPaddress192.168.27.128
andport21.Whenthismapissetandanexternalmachineconnectstothehostatport
8887,thenetworkpacketsareforwardedtoport21(thestandardportforFTP)onthe
virtualmachinewithIPaddress192.168.27.128.
The [incomingudp] Section
Usethe[incomingudp]sectiontoconfigureUDPportforwardingforNAT.Inthis
section,youcanassignaportnumbertoanIPaddressandportnumberonavirtual
machine.
Thefollowinglineshowstheformatusedinthissection.Itillustratesawaytoforward
Xservertrafficfromthehostport6000tothevirtualmachinesport6001:
6000 = 192.168.27.128:6001
Thisexamplecreatesamapfromport6000onthehosttotheIPaddress192.168.27.128
andport6001.Whenthismapissetandanexternalmachineconnectstothehostatport
6000,thenetworkpacketsareforwardedtoport6001onthevirtualmachinewith
IP address192.168.27.128.
VMware, Inc.
323
NATcausessomeperformanceloss.
BecauseNATrequiresthateverypacketsenttoandreceivedfromavirtual
machinemustbeintheNATnetwork,anunavoidableperformancepenalty
occurs.
NATisnotperfectlytransparent.
NATdoesnotusuallyallowconnectionstobeinitiatedfromoutsidethenetwork,
althoughyoucanmanuallyconfiguretheNATdevicetosetupserverconnections.
ThepracticalresultisthatsomeTCPandUDPprotocolsthatrequireaconnection
beinitiatedfromtheservermachine,somepeertopeerapplications,forexample,
donotworkautomatically,andsomemightnotworkatall.
NATprovidessomefirewallprotection.
AstandardNATconfigurationprovidesbasiclevelfirewallprotectionbecausethe
NATdevicecaninitiateconnectionsfromtheprivateNATnetwork,butdeviceson
theexternalnetworkusuallycannotinitiateconnectionstotheprivateNAT
network.
324
ConnecttotheWINSserverthattheDHCPserverusedontheNATnetwork
provides,iftheWINSserverisalreadysetuponthehost.
ManuallyentertheIPaddressoftheWINSservertoconnectfromthevirtual
machinetoaWINSservernotsetuponthehost.
VMware, Inc.
Inthevirtualmachine,rightclickMyNetworkPlacesandchooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,opentheNetworkandSharingCenterandclicktheView
Statuslinkfortheconnectionthatusestheneededvirtualnetworkadapter.
ForWindows7,opentheNetworkandSharingCenterandclickoneofthe
LocalAreaConnectionlinksfortheconnectionthatusestheneededvirtual
networkadapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionswindow,rightclickthevirtualnetworkadapterand
chooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,intheLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,click
PropertiesandclickContinuewhenpromptedforpermission.
ForWindows7,intheLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,clickProperties.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selectInternetProtocol(TCP/IPv4)andclick
Properties.
IntheTCP/IPPropertiesdialogbox,clickAdvanced.
OntheWINStab,underNetBIOSsetting,selectDefault:UseNetBIOSsetting
fromDHCPServer.
ClickOKtwiceandclickClose.
VMware, Inc.
325
Inthevirtualmachine,rightclickMyNetworkPlacesandchooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,opentheNetworkandSharingCenterandclicktheView
Statuslinkfortheconnectionthatusestheneededvirtualnetworkadapter.
ForWindows7,opentheNetworkandSharingCenterandclickoneofthe
LocalAreaConnectionlinkfortheconnectionthatusestheneededvirtual
networkadapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionswindow,rightclickthevirtualnetworkadapterand
chooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,intheLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,click
PropertiesandclickContinuewhenpromptedforpermission.
ForWindows7,intheLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,clickProperties.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selectInternetProtocol(TCP/IPv4)andclick
Properties.
IntheTCP/IPPropertiesdialogbox,clickAdvanced.
OntheWINStab,clickAdd.
IntheTCP/IPWINSServerdialogbox,entertheIPaddressfortheWINSserverin
theWINSserverfieldandclickAdd.
TheIPaddressoftheWINSserverappearsintheWINSaddresseslistontheWINS
tab.
ClickOKtwiceandclickClose.
NowthatthevirtualmachinehasanIPaddressforaWINSserver,youcanuse
NetLogoninthevirtualmachinetologintoadomainandaccesssharesinthat
domain.However,youraccessislimitedtosharesofvirtualmachinesthatareon
thesameNATnetworkorarebridgedonthesamedomain.
Forexample,iftheWINSservercoversadomainwithadomaincontroller,youcan
accessthatdomaincontrollerfromthevirtualmachineandaddthevirtual
machinetothedomain.YouneedtoknowtheAdministratoruserIDand
passwordforthedomaincontroller.
326
VMware, Inc.
VMware, Inc.
327
#nameserver2 = 63.93.12.3
#nameserver3 = 208.23.14.4
[netbios]
# This section applies only to Windows.
# Timeout for NBNS queries.
nbnsTimeout = 2
# Number of retries for each NBNS query.
nbnsRetries = 3
# Timeout for NBDS queries.
nbdsTimeout = 3
[incomingtcp]
# Use these with care - anyone can enter into your virtual machine through
# these...
# FTP (both active and passive FTP is always enabled)
#
ftp localhost 8887
#8887 = 192.168.27.128:21
# WEB (make sure that if you are using named webhosting, names point to
#
your host, not to guest... And if you are forwarding port other
#
than 80 make sure that your server copes with mismatched port
#
number in Host: header)
#
lynx http://localhost:8888
#8888 = 192.168.27.128:80
# SSH
#
ssh -p 8889 root@localhost
#8889 = 192.168.27.128:22
[incomingudp]
# UDP port forwarding example
#6000 = 192.168.27.128:6001
328
VMware, Inc.
MakesuretheSambapasswordfileincludesentriesforallusersofthevirtualmachine
whowillaccessthehostsfilesystem.TheusernamesandpasswordsintheSamba
passwordfilemustmatchthoseusedforloggingontotheguestoperatingsystem.
Logintotherootaccount:
su
RuntheSambapasswordcommand:
smbpasswd -a <username>
Here<username>istheusernametoadd.
3
Followtheinstructionsonthescreen.
Logoutoftherootaccount:
exit
ThisexampletellstheSambaservertomonitoranduseboththeeth0andvmnet1
interfaces,whicharetheinterfacesthatbridgedandhostonlynetworkinguse,
respectively.
VMware, Inc.
329
Opentheconfigurationfile:
/etc/samba/smb.conf
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfigurationfileandsavethechanges.
interfaces = vmnet*
330
RestartSamba.
VMware, Inc.
16
Connecting Devices
16
Thischapterdescribeshowtousevariousdeviceswithavirtualmachine.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UsingParallelPortsonpage 331
UsingSerialPortsonpage 335
ConfiguringKeyboardFeaturesonpage 339
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 351
UseSmartCardswithVirtualMachinesonpage 358
SupportforGenericSCSIDevicesonpage 361
UseFourWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessingonpage 366
VMware, Inc.
331
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
IntheNewHardwarewizard,selectParallelPortandclickNext.
Specifywhichoptiontousefortheparallelport:
IfyouselectUsephysicalparallelport,clickNextandchoosetheportfrom
thedropdownmenu.
IfyouselectOutputfile,clickNextandenterthepathandfilenameorbrowse
tothelocationofthefile.
UnderDevicestatus,ifyoudonotwanttheparallelporttoconnectatpoweron,
deselectthecheckbox.
ClickFinish.
IftheguestoperatingsystemisWindows95orWindows98,runtheguest
operatingsystemsAddNewHardwarewizardtoletWindowsdetectthenew
device.
Todisplaythiswizard,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>AddNew
Hardware.
332
VMware, Inc.
Rebootthehost.
Earlyinthebootprocess,pressandholddowntheDeletekeytoenterthehost
computersBIOSconfigurationeditor.
FindtheparallelportfieldandenableExtendedCapabilityPort(ECP)modeora
combinationofmodesthatincludesECP.
MostmoderncomputerssupportECPmode.
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethefollowingcommand:
modprobe parport_pc && modprobe ppdev
Thiscommandinsertsthemodulesneededforaparallelport.
Ifproblemspersist,thelpmodulemightbeloaded.Ifitis,thevirtualmachine
cannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
VMware, Inc.
333
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthefollowingcommandasroottoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Toverifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedout,insertapoundsign(#)at
thebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thefollowinglinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
Runthefollowingcommandtodeterminetheownerandgroupforthedevice:
ls la /dev/parport0
Thethirdandfourthcolumnsoftheoutputshowtheownerandgroup,
respectively.Inmostcases,theownerofthedeviceisrootandtheassociated
groupislp.
2
Toaddtheusertothedevicegroup,becometherootuserandopenthe
/etc/groupfilewithatexteditor.
Onthelinestartingwithlp,whichdefinesthelpgroup,addtheWorkstation
usersusername.
Thefollowinglineprovidesanexampleforauserwhoseusernameisuserj.
lp::7:daemon,lp,userj
Thenexttimetheuserlogsontothehost,thechangestakeeffect.
334
VMware, Inc.
Connectavirtualserialporttoaphysicalserialportonthehostcomputer.
Connectavirtualserialporttoafileonthehostcomputer.
Makeadirectconnectionbetweentwovirtualmachinesorbetweenavirtual
machineandanapplicationrunningonthehostcomputer.
Foreachofthesechoices,youcanalsoselectwhethertoconnectthevirtualserialport
whenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine.
NOTEThevirtualprinterfeatureautomaticallyconfiguresaserialporttomakehost
printersavailabletotheguestwithoutinstallingadditionaldriversinthevirtual
machine.SeeUseHostPrintersinaVirtualMachineonpage 180.
PhysicalserialportEnablesyoutouseadevicesuchasanexternalmodemor
handhelddeviceinavirtualmachine.Workstationcreatesavirtualserialport
automaticallywhenyouenablethevirtualprinterfeature.
OutputfileonthehostCapturesthedatathataprogramrunninginthevirtual
machinesendstothevirtualserialport.
AnapplicationonthehostEnablesyoutouseanapplicationonthehostto
capturedebugginginformationsentfromthevirtualmachinesserialport.
AnothervirtualmachineEnablesyoutouseanapplicationinonevirtual
machine(theclient)tocapturedebugginginformationsentfromtheother
(the server)virtualmachinesserialport.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
VMware, Inc.
335
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
IntheAddHardwarewizard,selectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,dooneofthefollowing:
Forphysicaldevicessuchasmodems,selectUsephysicalserialportonthe
host,clickNext,andchoosetheportonthehostcomputerthatyouwantto
useforthisserialconnection.
Tocapturedatafromanapplicationinanoutputfile,selectOutputfile,click
Next,andenterthepathandfilenameorbrowsetothelocationofthefileon
thehost.
Toconnecttoadebuggingapplicationonthehostorinanothervirtual
machine,selectOutputtoNamedPipeandclickNext.
IfyouselectedOutputtoNamedPipe,dooneofthefollowing:
ForaWindowshost,ontheSpecifyNamedPipepage,specifythepipename.
Thepipenamemustfollowtheform\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>.Thatis,itmust
beginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost,inthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketname.
AlsoifyouselectedOutputtoNamedPipe,dooneofthefollowing:
Tosenddebugginginformationtoanapplicationonthehost:
i
Inthefirstdropdownmenu,selectThisendistheserverorThisendis
theclient.
SelectThisendistheservertostartthisendoftheconnectionfirst.
ii
Intheseconddropdownmenu,selectTheotherendisanapplication.
Tosenddebugginginformationtoanothervirtualmachine:
i
Inthefirstdropdownmenu,selectThisendistheserver.
ii
Intheseconddropdownmenu,selectTheotherendisavirtual
machine.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
10 ClickFinish.
336
VMware, Inc.
11
(Optional)OntheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,toconfigure
thisserialporttousepolledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Iftheserialportintheguestisbeingused
inpolledmoderatherthaninterruptmode,youmightnoticeperformanceissues.
Thisoptionforcesthevirtualmachinetoyieldprocessortimeiftheonlytaskitis
tryingtodoispollthevirtualserialport.
Ifyouaresettingupaconnectionbetweentwovirtualmachines,younowhavethefirst
virtualmachinesetupastheserver.Repeatthisprocedureforthesecondvirtual
machine,butsetitupastheclientbyselectingThisendistheclientwhenconfiguring
thenamedpipe.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Useatexteditortoaddthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachinesconfiguration
(.vmx)file:
serial<n>.pipe.charTimePercent = "<x>"
<n>isthenumberoftheserialport,startingfrom0.Thefirstserialportisserial0.
The<x>valueisapositiveintegerthatspecifiesthetimetakentotransmita
character,expressedasapercentageofthedefaultspeedsetfortheserialportin
theguest.Forexample,asettingof200forcestheporttotaketwiceaslongforeach
character,orsenddataathalfthedefaultspeed.Asettingof50forcestheportto
takeonlyhalfaslongforeachcharacter,orsenddataattwicethedefaultspeed.
Assumingthattheserialportspeedissetappropriatelyintheguestoperating
system,experimentwiththissetting.Startwithavalueof100andgradually
decreaseituntilyoufindthehighestspeedatwhichyourconnectionworks
reliably.
VMware, Inc.
337
PreparethetargetvirtualmachineasdescribedinAddaVirtualSerialPorttoa
VirtualMachineonpage 335.
MakesureyouselectThisendistheserverwhenconfiguringthenamedpipe.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>RemovableDevicesmenutomakesuretheserialportisconnected.
IfSerial<n>isnotreportedas\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>,choosethevirtualserial
portandclickConnect.
Onthehost,openacommandpromptwindowandenterthefollowingcommand:
<debugger> -k com:port=\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>,pipe
<debugger> is WinDbg or KD.
PressEntertostartdebugging.
338
VMware, Inc.
Beforeyoubegin,downloadandinstallWinDbgorKDintheWindowsguestthatyou
plantouseasthedebuggervirtualmachine.
To debug an application from another virtual machine
1
PreparethevirtualmachinesasdescribedinAddaVirtualSerialPorttoaVirtual
Machineonpage 335.
Poweronbothvirtualmachines.
UsetheVM>RemovableDevicesmenutomakesuretheserialportisconnected.
Iftheserialportisnotconnected,choosethevirtualserialportandclickConnect.
Inthedebuggervirtualmachine,startdebuggingwithWinDbgorKD.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectGeneral.
Toenableordisablethesetting,selectordeselecttheUseenhancedvirtual
keyboardcheckboxandclickOK.
VMware, Inc.
339
Switchbetweenvirtualmachines
Enterandleavefullscreenmode
Release(ungrab)input
SendCtrl+Alt+Deltothevirtualmachineonly(nottothehostmachine)
Sendcommandstothevirtualmachineonly(nottothehostmachine)
Thedefaultsettingsforhotkeysarelistedinthepreferenceseditor(chooseEdit>
Preferences>HotKeys).Usethepreferenceseditortochangethem.
340
PressCtrl+Alt+spacebar.
ReleasethespacebarwithoutreleasingCtrlandAlt.
Pressthethirdkeyofthekeycombinationyouwanttosendtotheguest.
VMware, Inc.
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,thisdirectoryisin
C:\ProgramData\VMware\vnckeymap.
OnLinuxhosts,thisdirectoryisin/usr/lib/vmware/vnckeymap.
Ifthekeymapfileyouwanttouseisinanotherlocation,determinethepathtothefile.
Alsodeterminethelanguagecode.Usethefollowinglist:
de:German
de-ch:German(Switzerland)
es:Spanish
fi:Finnish
fr:French
fr-be:French(Belgium)
fr-ch:French(Switzerland)
is:Icelandic
it:Italian
jp:Japanese
nl-be:Dutch(Belgium)
no:Norwegian
pt:Polish
uk:UKEnglish
us:USEnglish
VMware, Inc.
341
Useatexteditortoopentheconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)forthevirtualmachine
andaddthefollowinglines,where<port number>istheportnumbertouse:
RemoteDisplay.vnc.enabled = "TRUE"
Addoneofthefollowingpropertiestotheconfigurationfile,where<xx>isthe
codeforthelanguagetouse,suchasjpforJapanese:
TousethedefaultkeymapfileincludedintheWorkstationinstallation
directory,setthefollowingproperty:
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap = "<xx>"
Touseakeyboardmapfileinanotherlocation,setthefollowingpropertyto
anabsolutefilepath:
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMapFile
YoucannowstartthevirtualmachineandconnecttoitfromaVNCclient.SeeUsea
VNCClienttoConnecttoaVirtualMachineonpage 229.
342
VMware, Inc.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Onthemachinethathoststhevirtualmachine,addoneofthefollowinglinestothe
virtualmachineconfiguration(.vmx)fileorto~/.vmware/config:
IfyouuseanXFree86basedserverthatWorkstationdoesnotrecognizeasan
XFree86server,usethefollowingproperty:
xkeymap.usekeycodeMap = "TRUE"
ThispropertytellsWorkstationtoalwaysusekeycodemappingregardlessof
servertype.
IfWorkstationdoesrecognizetheremoteserverasanXFree86server,usethe
followingproperty:
xkeymap.usekeycodeMapIfXFree86 = "TRUE"
ThispropertytellsWorkstationtousekeycodemappingifyouareusingan
XFree86server,evenifitisremote.
3
Saveandclosethefile.
VerifythattheXserverisanXFree86serverrunningonaPC.IftheXserveris
remote,configureittousekeycodemapping.SeeConfigureKeyboardMapping
foraRemoteXServeronpage 342.Foradescriptionofkeycodemapping,seeX
KeyCodesComparedtoKeysymsonpage 344.
DeterminetheXkeycodeandthecorrespondingvscancodeforthekey.Tofind
theXkeycodeforakey,runxevorxmodmap -pk.Mostvscancodesarelistedin
VScanCodeTableonpage 347.
VMware, Inc.
343
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Onthemachinethathoststhevirtualmachine,addthefollowinglinetothevirtual
machineconfiguration(.vmx)fileorto~/.vmware/config:
xkeymap.keycode.<code> = "<v-scan_code>"
The<code>valuemustbeadecimalnumberand<v-scan_code>mustbea
Csyntaxhexadecimalnumber(forexample,0x001).
Forexample,toswapleftCtrlandCapsLock,usethefollowinglines:
xkeymap.keycode.64 = "0x01d # X Caps_Lock -> VM left ctrl"
xkeymap.keycode.37 = "0x03a # X Control_L -> VM caps lock"
Saveandclosethefile.
344
VMware, Inc.
intokeysymsthathavenameslikespace,escape,xand2.YoucanuseanXapplication
tocontrolthemappingbyusingthefunctionXChangeKeyboardMapping()orbythe
programxmodmap.Toexplorekeyboardmappings,youcanusethexevcommand,
whichshowsthekeycodesandkeysymsforkeystypedintoitswindow.
Akeycodecorrespondsroughlytoaphysicalkey,whileakeysymcorrespondstothe
symbolonthekeytop.Forexample,withanXFree86serverrunningonaPC,theZkey
ontheGermankeyboardhasthesamekeycodeastheYkeyonanEnglishkeyboard.
TheGermanZkeysym,however,isthesameastheEnglishZkeysym,anddifferent
fromtheEnglishYkeysym.
Tochangethemappingofafewkeys,determinethekeysymnameforeachkey
thatisnotmappedcorrectly.
Theeasiestwaytofindthekeysymnameforakeyistorunthexevorxmodmap
-pkcommands.TheXheaderfile/usr/include/X11/keysymdef.hhasa
completelistofkeysyms.ThenameofakeysymisthesameasitsCconstant
withouttheXK_prefix.
Touseadifferentkeysymtable,determinewhichmappingtabletouse.
ThetablesarelocatedinthexkeymapdirectoryintheWorkstationinstallation
directory(usually/usr/lib/vmware).Thetableyoumustusedependsonthe
keyboardlayout.ThenormaldistributionincludestablesforPCkeyboardsforthe
UnitedStatesandanumberofEuropeancountriesandlanguages.Formostof
these,boththe101key(or102key)andthe104key(or105key)variantsare
available.
Ifnoneofthemappingtablesiscompletelycorrect,findonethatworksbest,copy
ittoanewlocation,andchangetheindividualkeysymmappings.
VMware, Inc.
345
WorkstationdetermineswhichtabletousebyexaminingthecurrentXkeymap.
However,itsdecisionmakingprocesscansometimesfail.Inaddition,eachmappingis
fixedandmightnotbecompletelycorrectforanygivenkeyboardandXkey
codetokeysymmapping.Forexample,ausermighthaveswappedCtrlandCaps
Lockusingxmodmap.Thismeansthekeysareswappedinthevirtualmachinewhen
usingaremoteserver(keysymmapping)butareunswappedwhenusingalocalserver
(keycodemapping).Tocorrectthissituation,useconfigurationsettings.
To configure how keysyms are mapped
1
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Onthemachinethathoststhevirtualmachine,addoneormoreofthefollowing
linestothevirtualmachineconfiguration(.vmx)fileorto~/.vmware/config:
TodisableXkeycodemappingtomapkeysymsratherthankeycodesto
vscancodes,setthefollowingproperty:
xkeymap.nokeycodeMap = "TRUE"
Formoreinformation,seeXKeyCodesComparedtoKeysymsonpage 344.
IfWorkstationhasatableinthexkeymapdirectoryforyourkeyboardbut
cannotdetectit,setthefollowingproperty:
xkeymap.language = "<keyboard_type>"
Thevalue<keyboard_type>mustspecifyoneofthetablesinthexkeymap
directory.However,thefailuretodetectthekeyboardprobablymeansthe
tableisnotcompletelycorrectforyou.Youmightneedtocreateamodified
tableandusethexkeymap.fileNameproperty,describednext.
Touseadifferentkeysymmappingtablethatisnotinthexkeymapdirectory,
setthefollowingproperty,where<file_path>isthepathtothetable:
xkeymap.fileName = "<file_path>"
Thetablemustlistakeysymforeachkeybyusingthefollowingform:
<sym> = "<v-scan_code>"
The <sym>valueisanXkeysymname,and<v-scan_code>isaCsyntax
hexadecimalnumber(forexample,0x001).Useanewlineforeachkeysym.
Compilingacompletekeysymmappingisdifficult.VMwarerecommends
editinganexistingtableandmakingsmallchanges.
346
VMware, Inc.
Tochangethekeysymmappingofafewkeys,setthefollowingpropertyfor
eachkey,onseparatelines:
xkeymap.keysym.<sym> = "<v-scan_code>"
Thevalue<sym>mustbeanXkeysymnameand<v-scan_code>isa
Csyntaxhexadecimalnumber(forexample,0x001).
MostvscancodesarelistedinVScanCodeTableonpage 347.The
xkeymaptablesthemselvesarealsohelpful.
3
Saveandclosethefile.
Shifted Symbol
Esc
Location
V-Scan Code
0x001
0x002
0x003
0x004
0x005
0x006
0x007
&
0x008
0x009
0x00a
0x00b
0x00c
0x00d
Backspace
0x00e
Tab
0x00f
0x010
0x011
0x012
0x013
VMware, Inc.
347
Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
Location
0x014
0x015
0x016
0x017
0x018
0x019
0x01a
0x01b
Enter
0x01c
Ctrl
left
0x01d
0x01e
0x01f
0x020
0x021
0x022
0x023
0x024
0x025
0x026
0x027
0x028
0x029
Shift
\
348
V-Scan Code
left
|
0x02a
0x02b
0x02c
0x02d
0x02e
0x02f
0x030
VMware, Inc.
Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
Location
V-Scan Code
0x031
0x032
<
0x033
>
0x034
0x035
Shift
right
0x036
numericpad
0x037
Alt
left
0x038
Spacebar
0x039
CapsLock
0x03a
F1
0x03b
F2
0x03c
F3
0x03d
F4
0x03e
F5
0x03f
F6
0x040
F7
0x041
F8
0x042
F9
0x043
F10
0x044
NumLock
numericpad
ScrollLock
0x045
0x046
Home
numericpad
0x047
Uparrow
numericpad
0x048
PgUp
numericpad
0x049
numericpad
0x04a
numericpad
0x04b
numericpad
0x04c
numericpad
0x04d
Leftarrow
5
Rightarrow
VMware, Inc.
349
Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
V-Scan Code
numericpad
0x04e
End
numericpad
0x04f
Downarrow
numericpad
0x050
PgDn
numericpad
0x051
Ins
numericpad
0x052
numericpad
0x053
Del
F11
0x057
F12
0x058
Break
Pause
0x100
Enter
numericpad
0x11c
Ctrl
right
0x11d
numericpad
0x135
SysRq
PrintScrn
0x137
Alt
right
0x138
Home
functionpad
0x147
Uparrow
functionpad
0x148
PageUp
functionpad
0x149
Leftarrow
functionpad
0x14b
Rightarrow
functionpad
0x14d
End
functionpad
0x14f
Downarrow
functionpad
0x150
PageDown
functionpad
0x151
Insert
functionpad
0x152
Delete
functionpad
0x153
Windows
left
0x15b
Windows
right
0x15c
Menu
350
Location
0x15d
VMware, Inc.
The84keykeyboardhasaSysReqkeyonthenumericpad.Itsvscancodeis0x054.
KeyboardsoutsidetheU.S.usuallyhaveanextrakey(often<>or<>|)nexttotheleft
Shiftkey.Thevscancodeforthiskeyis0x056.
VMware, Inc.
351
VerifythatthevirtualmachineisaWorkstation6.xorhighervirtualmachine.
VerifythattheguestsupportsUSB2.0devices.
OnWindowsXPguests,verifythatthelatestservicepackisinstalledtouse
USB 2.0.
IfyouuseWindowsXPwithnoservicepacks,thedriverfortheEHCIcontroller
cannotbeloaded.
IfyoudonotplantouseUSBdevicesinavirtualmachine,youcanusethevirtual
machinesettingseditortodisableUSB2.0support.
To enable the USB 2.0 Controller for a virtual machine
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectUSBController.
SelecttheEnablehighspeedsupportforUSB2.0devicescheckboxandclick
OK.
352
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
VMware, Inc.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectUSBControllerandclickNext.
OntheUSBpage,clickFinish.
Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,clickOK.
YoucannowstartthevirtualmachineandautomaticallyormanuallyconnectUSB
devicesandsmartcardreaders.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroffunlessyouplantochangethesetting
forconnectingtoUSBmouseandkeyboarddevices.Inthiscase,thevirtual
machinemustbepoweredoff.
VMware, Inc.
ChooseVM>Settings.
353
OntheHardwaretab,selectUSBController.
SelectordeselecttheAutomaticallyconnectnewUSBdevicescheckboxtoenable
ordisablethesettingandclickOK.
SelectVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectUSBController.
SelecttheShowallUSBinputdevicescheckboxtoenableordisablethesetting
andclickOK.
IftheShowallUSBinputdevicescheckboxisenabled,alltheHIDs,suchasUSB
1.1and2.0mouseandkeyboarddevices,appearasRemovableDeviceswhenthe
virtualmachineispoweredon.
354
VMware, Inc.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
ChooseVM>RemovableDevices><device_name>.
Here<device_name>specifiestheUSBdevicethatispluggedintothehost.
A checkmarkappearsnexttothedevicesname,indicatingthatitisconnected.
IfthephysicalUSBdevicesareconnectedtothehostthroughahub,thevirtual
machineseesonlytheUSBdevices,notthehub.
ConnecttheUSBdevicetothecomputerthathoststhevirtualmachine.
SynchronizethePDAwiththehost.
LettheguestfinishinstallingthePDAdriver.
Dismissanyconnectionerrorwarnings.
SynchronizethePDAagain.
Thissecondattemptusuallysucceeds.
VMware, Inc.
355
Runthefollowingcommandasroot:
mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb
ConnecttheUSBdevicetothehostandbeginusingit.
356
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouhaveproblemswithautomaticconnections,chooseVM>Removable
Devicestodisconnectthedeviceandreconnectit.
Iftheproblempersists,unplugthedevicephysicallyandplugitinagain.
Ifawarningappearsthatthedeviceisinuse,disablethedeviceinthehotplug
configurationfilesinthe/etc/hotplugdirectory.
Fordetailsoneditingtheseconfigurationfiles,seeyourLinuxdistributions
documentation.
Ifadisconnectionfails,dooneofthefollowing:
Ifthedriverwasautomaticallyloadedbyhotplug,disableitinthehotplug
configurationfilesinthe/etc/hotplugdirectory.
Fordetailsoneditingtheseconfigurationfiles,seeyourLinuxdistributions
documentation.
Tounloadthedevicedrivermanually,becomeroot(su -)andusethermmod
command.
VMware, Inc.
357
Thisisimportantwithdatastoragedevices(aZipdrive,forexample).Ifyoumovea
datastoragedevicetoosoonaftersavingafileandtheoperatingsystemdidnot
actuallywritethedatatothedisk,youcanlosedata.
358
Virtualmode(Recommended)Thesmartcardreaderdeviceisavailableas
Virtual<smart_card_reader_model>underRemovableDevices.Afterthe
virtualreaderisconnectedtothevirtualmachine,itisvisibleasUSBSmartCard
ReaderonWindowsXPguests.OnWindowsVistaandWindows7gueststhe
genericsmartcardreaderdevicenameappearsundertheWindowsDevice
Managerlist.Invirtualmode,thesmartcardreadercanbesharedamong
applicationsonthehostandamongapplicationswithindifferentguestsonthe
host.
USBpassthroughmodeThesmartcardreaderdeviceisavailableas
<smart_card_reader_model>underRemovableDevices.InUSBpassthrough
mode,asinglevirtualmachinedirectlycontrolsthephysicalsmartcardreader.A
USBpassthroughsmartcardreadercannotbeusedbyapplicationsonthehostor
byapplicationswithinothervirtualmachines.YoushoulduseUSBpassthrough
modeonlyifconnectioninvirtualmodedoesnotworkwellforyourscenario.If
youareusingtheUSBpassthroughmodeyoumayneedtoinstallthedriver
providedbythemanufacturer.
VMware, Inc.
SmartcardscanbeusedwithmanyLinuxdistributions.VMwareprovidesfullsmart
cardsupportforWindowsguestsrunningonLinuxhosts.However,usingsmartcards
withinLinux,typicallyrequiresthirdpartysoftwaretoeffectivelyauthenticatetoa
domainorenablesecurecommunications.Smartcardsshouldworkwithcommon
Linuxbrowsers,emailapplications,anddirectoryserviceshowever,theseproducts
havenotbeentestedorcertifiedbyVMware.
Touseahostssmartcardreaderinavirtualmachine,makesurethefollowing
prerequisitesaresatisfied:
OnWindowshosts,starttheservicecalledSCardSvr.exeifitisnotalready
running.
OnLinuxhosts,makesurethelibpcsclitelibraryisinstalled.MostrecentLinux
distributionsincludethislibrary.Alsomakesurethepcscddaemonisrunning.
MakesurethevirtualmachinehasaUSBcontroller.
AUSBcontrollerisrequiredregardlessofwhetherthesmartcardreaderitselfisa
USBdevice.Bydefault,USBcontrollersareincludedwhenyoucreateavirtual
machine.IfyouremovedtheUSBcontroller,youmustadditback.SeeAddaUSB
ControllertoaVirtualMachineonpage 352.
Connectthesmartcardreadertothehostmachine.
Startthevirtualmachine.
Toconnectthesmartcardreadertoavirtualmachine,chooseVM>Removable
Devices>Virtual<smart_card_reader_model>>Connect.
IfthesmartcardreaderisaUSBsmartcardreader,twoitemsappearforitinthe
RemovableDevicesmenu.Bothitemsusethemodelnameofthereader,butone
itemnamebeginswithVirtual.
OnLinuxhosts,ifyouselectthewrongitemandthenwanttoselecttheVirtual
smartcarditem,seeSwitchtoUsingtheVirtualSmartCardReaderonLinux
Hostsonpage 360.
VMware, Inc.
Todisconnectthesmartcardreaderfromthevirtualmachine,chooseVM>
RemovableDevices>Virtual<smart_card_reader_model>>Disconnect.
359
Toremovethesmartcardfromthevirtualmachine,chooseVM>Removable
Devices>Virtual<smart_card_reader_model>>RemoveSmartCard.
Thesmartcardisremovedfromthevirtualmachinebutstaysconnectedonthe
host.Ifthesmartcardisphysicallyremovedfromthesmartcardreaderthenthis
optionisdisabled.
Toinsertthesmartcardtothevirtualmachine,chooseVM>RemovableDevices
>Virtual<smart_card_reader_model>>InsertSmartCard.
Ifthesmartcardisphysicallyinsertedinthesmartcardreaderthenthesmartcard
isalsoinsertedinthevirtualmachine.
Todisconnectfromthenonvirtualsmartcardreader,usetheRemovableDevices
menuandselectDisconnect.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandexitWorkstation.
Physicallydisconnectthesmartcardreaderfromthehost.
Restartthepcscddaemononthehost.
Physicallyconnectthesmartcardreadertothehost.
StartWorkstation,poweronthevirtualmachine,andconnecttothevirtualsmart
cardreader.
SeeUseSmartCardswithVirtualMachinesonpage 358.
360
VMware, Inc.
Thesettingthatcontrolssmartcardsharingislocatedintheglobalconfigurationfile.
Theglobalconfigurationfileiscreatedwhenyouchangeanyofthedefaultsettingsin
theWorkstationpreferenceseditor(Edit>Preferences).Thefilelocationdependson
thehostoperatingsystem:
OnmostWindowshosts:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware
Workstation\config.ini
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts:
C:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware Workstation\config.ini
OnLinuxhosts:
/etc/vmware/config
Iftheconfig.inifiledoesnotyetexistonyourhostcomputer,chooseEdit>
Preferencesandchangeatleastoneofthesettingsinthepreferenceeditor.
Opentheconfig.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowingline:
usb.ccid.useSharedMode = "FALSE"
Saveandclosethefile.
Setpermissionsonthisfilesothatotheruserscannotchangeit.
361
362
ToopentheSCSIAdapterscontrolpanel,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel
>SCSIAdapters.
OntheDriverstab,clickAdd.
Inthelistofvendorsontheleft,selectBusLogic.
Inthelistofdriversontheright,selectBusLogicMultiMasterPCISCSIHost
AdaptersandclickOK.
InserttheWindowsNTCDwhenyouarepromptedandclickOK.
Rebootwhenyouareprompted.
VMware, Inc.
OnWindowshosts,toaccesshostSCSIdevicesasgenericSCSIdevices,youmust
runWorkstationasauserwithadministratoraccess.
OnLinuxhosts,genericSCSIrequiresversion2.1.36orhigheroftheSCSIGeneric
(sg.o)driver,whichcomeswithkernel2.2.14andhigher.Also,youmustbe
loggedonasauserwhohaspermissionstousethedevice(thatis,readandwrite
permissions).
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectGenericSCSIDeviceandclickNext.
VMware, Inc.
363
OntheChooseSCSIDevicepage,fromthedropdownmenuofSCSIdevices,
selectthephysicaldevicetomap.
Ifyoudonotseethedeviceyouwantinthelist,seeTroubleshootProblems
DetectingGenericSCSIDevicesonpage 364.
OnLinuxhosts,ifyoutypeinthepathtotheSCSIdevice,donotenter/dev/st0
or/dev/sr0.
SelecttheConnectatpoweroncheckboxtoconfigureautomaticconnection
behaviorandclickFinish.
OntheHardwaretab,intheVirtualdevicenodesection,selecttheSCSIdevice
identifiertouseforthedriveandclickOK.
Forexample,ifyouselectSCSI0:2,theguestoperatingsystemseesthedriveas
ID 2oncontroller0.
TheSCSIbusnumberthatthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.TheSCSIbusis
assignedanumberbythehostoperatingsystemafterallIDEbusesareassigned
numbers.Forexample,ifyouhavetwoIDEbuses,theyarenumbered0and1.The
firstSCSIbusisassignedbusnumber2.
IfyoucannotdeterminetheSCSIbusnumber,tryusingathirdpartytoolsuchas
winobjtodeterminethisinformation.Youcandownloadwinobjforfreefromthe
WindowsSysinternalsWebsite.
364
ThetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.ThisIDis
usuallysetbysomejumpersorswitchesonthedevice.TodeterminethetargetID,
seetheownersmanualforthedevice.
VMware, Inc.
ThemainreasonsWorkstationcannotdetectadeviceincludethefollowing:
Adriverforthatdeviceisnotinstalledonthehost.
Adriveronthehostpreventsthedevicefrombeingdetected.
Thevirtualmachineusesadeviceforwhichtherearenodriversavailabletothe
hostoperatingsystem.Inthiscase,addthedevicemanuallytothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.Addingadeviceinthismanneris
recommendedforadvancedusersonly.
Findoutwhetherthedevicedriverforthisdeviceisinstalledonthehost.
Ifthedevicedriverisnotinstalledandyouwanttoinstallit,dosoandseeifthe
deviceappearscorrectlyinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Youmightnotwanttoinstallthedriveronthehostifyouwanttoavoida
deviceinuseconflictbetweenthehostandguest.
Ifadriverisinstalledbutdoesnotappearcorrectly,ifyoucannotinstallthedriver
onthehost,orifyoudonotwanttoinstallthedriveronthehost,continuewiththe
restofthisprocedure.
IfanoriginalSCSIdevicedriverisalreadyinstalledonthehost,disableit.
SomeWindowsoperatingsystemsdonotprocessthesendcommandfromthe
adapterifthedevicedriverownsthedevice.
Poweroffthevirtualmachineandopenthevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)
fileinatexteditor.
Addorchangethefollowinglineinthe.vmxfile,whereX istheSCSIbusnumber
thedeviceusesonthehostsystem,andYisthetargetIDthedeviceusesbothin
thevirtualmachineandonthehost:
scsiZ:Y.fileName = "<deviceName>"
For"<deviceName>"use:
"scsiX:Y"
Thefollowingisanexampleofhowtosettheoption.Theproblematicdeviceisa
CDROMdrive,andtheexistingentryintheconfigurationfileis:
scsi0:4.fileName = "CdRom0"
VMware, Inc.
365
Ifthedeviceonthehostislocatedonbus2withtargetID4,changethislineto:
scsi0:4.fileName = "scsi2:4"
IfyourproblemwasthatthevirtualmachinehasaSCSIadapterandgenericSCSI
device,butWorkstationdidnotrecognizethedevicewhenthevirtualmachine
waspoweredon,youcanstopatthispoint.
6
IfthevirtualmachinedoesnotcontainanySCSIdevices,toaddagenericSCSI
devicetoanewvirtualSCSIadapter,ortouseanexistingSCSIdeviceasageneric
SCSIdevice,addthefollowinglineinthe.vmxfile:
scsiZ:Y.deviceType = "scsi-passthru"
IfyouwantedtouseanexistingSCSIdeviceasagenericSCSIdevice,youcanstop
atthispoint.
7
IfthevirtualmachinedoesnotcontainanySCSIdevices,ortoaddagenericSCSI
devicetoanewvirtualSCSIadapter,addthefollowinglinesinthe.vmxfile,where
ZistheSCSIbusnumberthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine:
scsiZ:Y.present = "true"
scsiZ.present = "true"
Ifthevirtualmachinesettingseditorstilldoesnotincludethisdeviceinthelistof
availableSCSIdevicesforthisvirtualmachine,contactVMwaretechnicalsupport.
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoormorephysicalCPUs
AsingleprocessorhostwithamulticoreCPU
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
NOTEOnhyperthreadeduniprocessorhosts,performanceofvirtualmachineswith
VirtualSMPmightbebelownormal.Evenonmultiprocessorhosts,performanceis
affectedifyouovercommitbyrunningmultipleworkloadsthatrequiremoretotalCPU
resourcesthanarephysicallyavailable.
Youcanpoweronandrunmultipledualprocessorvirtualmachinesconcurrently.
Thenumberofprocessorsforagivenvirtualmachineappearsinthesummaryviewof
thevirtualmachine.
366
VMware, Inc.
Foranewvirtualmachine,choosethecustomconfigurationintheNewVirtual
Machinewizard.OntheProcessorConfigurationpage,specifythenumber.
Foranexistingvirtualmachine,chooseVM>SettingsandontheHardwaretab,
selectProcessorsandspecifythenumber.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selectProcessors,andnotethatNumberofProcessorsisset
toOther(x),wherexisthenumberofprocessorsoriginallyassignedinESXServer.
Workstationpreservesthisoriginalconfigurationsettingforthenumberof
processors,eventhoughtwoisthemaximumnumberofprocessorssupported.
Afteryoucommitachangetothissetting,theoriginalsettingforthenumberof
processorsisdiscardedandnolongerappearsasanoptioninthevirtualmachine
settingseditor.
VMware, Inc.
ChangetheNumberofprocessorssettingtoOne,Two,orFourandclickOK.
367
368
VMware, Inc.
17
Special-Purpose
Configuration Options for
Windows Hosts
17
Youcanuseconfigurationoptionsfortasks,suchasrestrictingtheoperationsausercan
performwithavirtualmachineorsimplifyingtheuserinterfaceforinexperienced
users.Inaclassroom,forexample,youcanensurethatvirtualmachineconfigurations
remainconsistentfromoneclasssessiontothenext.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
RestrictingtheUserInterfaceonpage 369
MakingaVirtualMachineAlwaysUseFullScreenSwitchModeonpage 372
GuestACPIS1Sleeponpage 380
Thetoolbarisalwayshidden.
AllfunctionsontheVM>Powermenu,Snapshotmenu,Replaymenu,and
RemovableDevicesmenuaredisabled.
Noaccessisprovidedtothevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings).
VMware, Inc.
369
Theusercannotchangevirtualnetworkingsettings(Edit>VirtualNetwork
Editor).
Theuserstartsthevirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheconfiguration(.vmx)file
oradesktopshortcut.Theusershutsdownbyclosingthevirtualmachine(File>
Exit).ItisalsopossibletolaunchWorkstationandopenarestrictedinterface
virtualmachinefromtheFavoriteslistorFilemenu.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)inatexteditor.
Addthefollowinglineanywhereinthefile:
gui.restricted = "TRUE"
(Optional)Setfilepermissionsontheconfigurationfiletogivenormalusersofthe
systemonlyreadaccesstothefile.
Createashortcuttotheconfigurationfileonthedesktopandgiveitanappropriate
name.
Poweronthevirtualmachineandbesureitisintheappropriatestate.
Createasnapshot.
SeeTakeaSnapshotonpage 209.
370
VMware, Inc.
Configurethevirtualmachinetoreturntothesnapshotanytimeitispoweredoff:
ChooseVM>Settings>Options>Snapshot/ReplayandselectAfterPowering
OffandReverttoSnapshot.
Withthevirtualmachinepoweredoff,restricttheuserinterface,asfollows:
a
ClosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)inatexteditor.
Addthefollowinglineanywhereinthefile.
gui.restricted = "TRUE"
(Optional)Setfilepermissionsontheconfigurationfiletogivenormalusersofthe
systemreadonlyaccesstothefile.
Createashortcuttotheconfigurationfileonthedesktopandnameit.
Runthisvirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheshortcuttotheconfigurationfile.
Thevirtualmachinestartsatthesnapshot,withtheuserinterfacerestricted.Users
donothaveatoolbaroraccesstotheVM>Powermenuorthevirtualmachine
settingseditor.
ChooseFile>Close.
Thevirtualmachinepowersoff,andthenexttimeauserpowersiton,itreturnsto
thesnapshot.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Opentheconfigurationfile(.vmx)fileanddooneofthefollowing:
Setgui.restricted = "FALSE".
Removeorcommentoutthegui.restricted = "TRUE"line.
Savethechangestotheconfigurationfileandcloseit.
Startthevirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheshortcut.
Thevirtualmachinestartsatthesnapshot,andtheinterfaceisnotrestricted.
VMware, Inc.
371
OnmostWindowshosts:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware
Workstation\config.ini
OnmostWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts:
c:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware Workstation\config.ini
Iftheconfig.inifiledoesnotyetexistonyourhostcomputer,chooseEdit>
Preferencesandchangeatleastoneofthesettingsinthepreferenceeditor.
Opentheconfig.inifilewithatexteditorandaddatleastoneofthefollowing
lines:
fullScreenSwitch.cycleHost = "TRUE"
Thissettingcausesthehostoperatingsystemtobeincludedwhenyouusea
hotkeyforcyclingthroughpoweredonvirtualmachines.SeeHotKeyfor
CyclingThroughVirtualMachinesandtheHostComputeronpage 375.
372
VMware, Inc.
FullScreenSwitch.hostDirectKey = "<value>"
Usethissettingtodefineahotkeyforswitchingdirectlytothehostoperating
system.SeeHostOperatingSystemHotKeyonpage 376.
(Optional)Specifyotherfullscreenswitchmodesettingsyouwanttouse.
Tospecifyhotkeysforswitchingtoothervirtualmachinesorthehostcomputer,
first,seethefollowingsections,intheorderlisted:
VirtualKeyCodesonpage 373
OtherEntriesintheGlobalConfigurationFileonpage 376
Saveandclosethefile.
Setpermissionsonthisfilesothatotheruserscannotchangeit.
Openthepreferences.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowinglines:
pref.fullScreen.v5 = "TRUE"
pref.autoFitFullScreen = "fitGuestToHost"
OnmostWindowshosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\VMware\preferences.ini
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\VMware\preferences.ini
Tospecifyahotkeyforswitchingtoaspecificvirtualmachine,seeVirtualMachine
HotKeyonpage 376.
VMware, Inc.
373
Hexadecimal Value
Nomodifier
0x0
Alt
0x1
Ctrl
0x2
Shift
0x4
Win(Windows)
0x8
Ctrl+Alt
0x3
Alt+Shift
0x5
Ctrl+Shift
0x6
Ctrl+Alt+Shift
0x7
Win+Alt
0x9
Win+Ctrl
0xa
Win+Ctrl+Alt
0xb
Win+Shift
0xc
Win+Shift+Alt
0xd
Win+Shift+Ctrl
0xe
Win+Shift+Ctrl+Alt
0xf
Keepthefollowinglimitationsinmindwhendefiningcyclekeysandswitchkeys:
DonotusethePausekeywiththeCtrlkey.YoucanusethePausekeywithother
modifierkeys.
IfyouusetheF12key,youmustuseoneormoremodifierkeys.Youcannotusethe
F12keyalone.
YoucannotusecombinationsthatincludeonlytheShift,Ctrl,andAltkeys.These
keyscanbeusedonlyasmodifiersincombinationwithsomeotherkey.
Whenlistingakeyplusamodifier,typethevirtualkeycodeforthekeyfollowedbya
commaandtypethevalueforthemodifierkeyorkeys.Forexample,thevalueentry
forCtrl+Shift+F1is0x70,0x6.
374
VMware, Inc.
Hot Key for Cycling Through Virtual Machines and the Host
Computer
Youcanspecifyahotkeyorhotkeycombinationforcyclingthroughtheavailable
virtualmachinesonahostcomputerwhenrunningWorkstationinfullscreenswitch
mode.Hotkeysbehaveinthefollowingmanner:
Eachtimeyoupressthespecifiedhotkey,thenextvirtualmachineappearsin
order.Youcanalsoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.
Ifanyparticularvirtualmachineisnotrunning,itisskipped.
Ifonlyonevirtualmachineisrunningandthehostoperatingsystemisnot
includedinthecycle,pressingthehotkeyhasnoeffect.
Thehotkeyforcyclingthroughvirtualmachinesisdefinedintheglobalconfiguration
file(config.ini).Twooptionscontrolcycling:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey
Thevalueofthisoptiondefinesthehotkey.Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.
Ithasnodefault.Forexample,tousethePausekeywithnomodifiertocycle
throughvirtualmachines,addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodify
itsvalueiftheoptionisalreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey = "0x13,0x0"
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost
SetthisoptiontoTRUEtoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.The
defaultisFALSE.Forexample,toincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle,
addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionis
alreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost = "TRUE"
Hot Keys for Switching Directly to Virtual Machines and the Host
Computer
Youcanspecifyahotkeyorcombinationofhotkeysforswitchingdirectlytoany
availablevirtualmachineonahostcomputerwhenrunningWorkstationinfullscreen
switchmode.Eachtimeyoupressthespecifiedhotkey,thescreendisplayswitchesto
thatofthespecifiedvirtualmachine.Youcanalsospecifyahotkeyforswitching
directlytothehostoperatingsystem.
VMware, Inc.
375
Entriesintheconfigurationfilescanappearinanyorder.Thevalueofthisoption
definesthehotkey.Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.Ithasnodefault.
Forexample,touseCtrl+Shift+F1toswitchtoaparticularvirtualmachine,addthe
followinglinetothatvirtualmachines.vmxfileormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionis
alreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.directKey = "0x70,0x6"
Ifanyparticularvirtualmachineisnotrunning,pressingthehotkeyforthatvirtual
machinehasnoeffect.
376
VMware, Inc.
Option
Description
Isolation.tools.copy.disable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdatain
onevirtualmachineorthehostoperating
systemcanbecopiedtoanothervirtual
machineortothehostoperatingsystem.
TRUE
Isolation.tools.paste.disable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdata
copiedinonevirtualmachineorthehost
operatingsystemcanbepastedinto
anothervirtualmachineorthehost
operatingsystem.
TRUE
Isolation.tools.HGFS.disable
WhensettoTRUE,thisoptionspecifiesthat
foldersharingisdisabledbydefault.
Foldersharingisonemethodofsharing
filesamongvirtualmachinesandwiththe
hostcomputer.
TRUE
mks.CtlAltDel.ignore
SetthispropertytoTRUEsothatdialog
boxesusuallygeneratedbyMicrosoft
WindowsSecureAttentionSequence(SAS)
arenotdisplayedbutarepassedontothe
guestiftheguesthaskeyboardfocus.
mks.fullscreen.allScreenSaver
SetthispropertytoTRUEtoallowthehost
operatingsystemtorunitsscreensaver
whenitdeterminesthatthemachineis
idle.
msg.autoAnswer
SetthispropertytoTRUEtosuppressany
Workstationdialogboxesthatotherwise
appear.Thedefaultanswerisselectedin
thesedialogboxes.
VMware, Inc.
377
Issuethevmware-fullscreencommandonceforeachvirtualmachineyouwantto
startorstop.Thesyntaxforthiscommandis:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware-fullscreen.exe [-poweron
<parameters> | -poweroff <parameters> | -exit | -switchto
<paramters> | -query | -listvms]
YoucantypethesecommandsattheWindowscommandpromptorcreatescriptsto
runmultiplecommands.
Table 173describestheavailableoptionsandparameters.
Table 17-3. Command-Line Options for the vmware-fullscreen Program
Option
Parameters
Description
-poweron
"<config-file>"
Powersonthevirtualmachine,where"<config-file>"
isrequiredandspecifiesthefullpathtothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
or
-fullscreen
With-poweron,theuserseesnoimmediateindication
whenthevirtualmachinestarts,buttheusercanswitchto
thevirtualmachinewithitsdirectswitchkeyorwiththe
cyclekey.
With-fullscreen,thevirtualmachinegoestofullscreen
modeimmediatelyinsteadofrunninginvisiblyuntilthe
userswitchestoitlater.
-s <variable>=<value>
(Optional)Setsthespecifiedvariabletothespecified
value.Anyvariablenamesandvaluesthatarevalidinthe
configurationfilecanbespecifiedonthecommandline
withthe-sswitch.
-name=<alias>
(Optional)Givesanaliastothevirtualmachine.Youcan
theusethataliasin-switchtoand-poweroff
commands.
-directkey=<keyspec>
(Optional)Specifiesthevirtualmachinesdirectswitch
key.Ifadirectswitchkeyisspecifiedinthevirtual
machinesconfigurationfile,thecommandlineoverrides
theconfigurationfile.Thefollowingisanexampleofthis
switch:
directkey=0x70,0x6
-poweroff
"<config-file>"
or
<alias>
-exit
378
Powersoffthespecifiedvirtualmachine.Tospecifythe
virtualmachine,useeitherthefullpathtothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)fileorthealiasifyou
definedonebyusingthe-nameswitch.
PowersoffallvirtualmachinesandexitsWorkstation.
VMware, Inc.
Parameters
Description
Dependingontheparameteryouuse,switchestothe
specifiedvirtualmachine,hostoperatingsystem,ornext
machine(virtualmachineorhost)inthecyclingorder.A
virtualmachinemustbepoweredonbeforeyoucan
switchtoit.
-switchto
"<config-file>"
Switchestothevirtualmachine,where
"<config-file>"specifiesthefullpathtothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
<alias>
Switchestothevirtualmachine,where<alias>specifies
thealiasyoudefinedbyusingthe-nameswitch.
host
Switchestothehostoperatingsystem.
next -qu
Switchestothenextmachineinthecyclingorder.
-query
DetermineswhetherWorkstationisrunninginfullscreen
switchmode.Ifso,alsodisplaystheprocessIDand
windowhandle.
-listvms
Listsallvirtualmachinesthatarecurrentlypoweredon.
Thelistisaddedtothevmware-fullscreenlogfile.
OnWindowsXPhosts:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Temp
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7hosts:
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Temp\
Theadministratorcanspecifyadifferentlocationforthislogfilebyaddingthe
followinglinetotheWorkstationglobalconfigurationfile(config.ini):
fullScreenSwitch.log.filename="<path>"
VMware, Inc.
379
VMwarerecommendsusingafullpath.Ifyouusearelativepath,thelocationisrelative
tothedirectorythatisactivewhenthevmware-fullscreencommandisissuedforthe
firsttimeafterthehostcomputerreboots.
Theguestoperatingsystemisnotfullypowereddown.Youcanawakenthevirtual
machineinthefollowingways:
Keyboardinput
Mouseinput
ProgrammingtheCMOSexternaltimer
Thisfeaturecanbeusefulfortestanddevelopmentscenarios.
380
VMware, Inc.
18
18
ThischapterprovidesanoverviewofhowtouseWorkstationtocreateanddeploy
virtualmachinesforendusers.ACE(AssuredComputingEnvironment)featuresare
availableonlyintheversionofWorkstationthatrunsonWindowshosts.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
BenefitsofUsingVMwareACEonpage 381
NetworkandDiskSpaceRequirementsfortheAdministrativeWorkstationon
page 384
OverviewofCreatingandDeployingACEPackagesonpage 385
OverviewoftheACEUserInterfaceonpage 386
TroubleshootingUsersProblemsonpage 387
VMware, Inc.
381
Withvirtualrightsmanagement,builtincopyprotectioncontrols,andautomatic
encryption,VMwareACEhelpspreventtheft,tampering,andunauthorizedcopyingof
applications,data,systemsettings,andfiles.Administratorscanprotectdataand
ensurecompliancewithITpolicies,includingsoftwarelifecyclemanagementand
accesstodataandapplications.
Manageability
CreatestandardizedhardwareindependentPCenvironmentsanddeploythemto
anyPCthroughouttheextendedenterprise.
Controlthevirtualmachineslifecycle,securitysettings,networksettings,system
configuration,anduserinterfacecapabilities.
Trackinstancesthroughtheuserinterface.Viewandmanagetheactivation,
expiration,andotherpoliciesofinstancesmanagedwithACEManagement
Server.
Security
382
Rulesbasednetworkaccessletsyouidentifyandquarantineunauthorizedor
outofdateACEinstances.EnableaccesstothenetworkoncetheACEinstance
complieswithITpolicies.
TamperresistantcomputingenvironmentprotectstheentireACEinstanceand
package,includingdataandsystemconfiguration,withseamlessencryption.
Copyprotectedcomputingenvironmentpreventsusersfromcopyingenterprise
information.
RolesbasedSSLcommunicationprovidesasecureprotocolbetweentheACE
ManagementServerandclient.
ResourcesigningletsyouspecifythatACEResourcefilesbeprotectedfromall
tampering.
VMware, Inc.
Usability
Thecustomizableinterfaceletsyoucustomizethebehaviorandlookandfeelfor
users.
PocketACEletsyoustoreacomputingenvironmentonportabledevicessuchas
USBkeys(flashmemorydrives),AppleiPodmobiledigitaldevices,andportable
harddrives.Youcanplugtheportabledeviceintoanyx86PC.
Theflexiblecomputingenvironmentletsusersreverttoapreviousstatewithin
secondsandcanworkwhenconnectedordisconnectedfromtheenterprise
network.
ACEenabledvirtualmachineAvirtualmachinetemplatethattheACE
administratorcreates.TheACEenabledvirtualmachinecanbeconfiguredwith
variouspolicies,devices,anddeploymentsettingsandthenusedasthebasisfor
creatinganynumberofpackagestobesenttoACEusers.
ACEinstanceThevirtualmachinethatACEadministratorscreate,associatewith
policies,andactivateonenduserscomputers.AnACEinstancethatismanaged
byACEManagementServerisamanagedACEinstance.AnACEinstancethatis
notmanagedbyACEManagementServerisastandaloneACEinstance.
(Optional)ACEManagementServerTheACEManagementServerenablesyou
tomanageACEinstances,topublishpolicychangestodynamicallyupdatethose
instances,andtotestanddeploypackagesmoreeasily.ACEManagementServer
addsnewintegrationwithActiveDirectorysetupsandprovidessecureActive
DirectoryandLDAPintegration,withrolebasedsecureSSLcommunication.
Formoreinformation,seetheVMwareACEManagementServerAdministrators
Guide.
PocketACEEnablesanadministratortobundleanddeployanACEinstance
ontoaUSBportablemediadevice,includingUSBflashdrives,AppleiPodmobile
digitaldevices,andportableharddrives.
VMware, Inc.
383
Ifyourcompanyalreadyhasalibraryofstandardvirtualmachines,youneed
networkaccesstothatlibraryfromyourhostcomputer.
Ifyouarecreatingvirtualmachines,youneedaccesstoinstallersfortheguest
operatingsystemsandapplicationsoftwarethatyouplantoinstallinthevirtual
machines.
YoucaninstalloperatingsystemsfromCDs,DVDs,ISOimagefilesonalocaldrive
oronthenetwork,oraPXEserver.YoucaninstallapplicationsoftwarefromCDs,
DVDs,orinstallersonalocaldriveoronthenetwork.
384
Youneedtoprovideadequatediskspaceforvirtualmachinefilesandpackage
files.Thefilesforeachvirtualmachinecanbeaslargeasseveralgigabytes.The
packagefilescanalsobelarge.Thedefaultlocationforthepackagefilesisthe
Packages folderinsidethevirtualmachinesfolder.
Workstationneedsasubstantialamountoftemporaryworkingspacewhenit
createsapackage.Thetotaldiskspacerequiredisabouttwicethecombinedsizes
ofallthecomponentsofthepackage.TheNewPackagewizarddisplays
informationabouttheamountofspaceneededandthelocationswherethespace
isneeded.
WorkstationmustbeinstalledonaWindowshost.
VMware, Inc.
WithWorkstationonaWindowshost,createorcloneavirtualmachinethatmeets
therequirementsofyourendusers.
Theproceduresarethesameasforanyvirtualmachine.Forthenetworktype,
VMwarerecommendsusingNetworkAddressTranslation(NAT)orbridged
networkingwithanIPaddressaDHCPserverprovides.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff,displaythesummaryviewforthe
virtualmachine,andclickEnableACEFeaturesintheCommandslist.
ACEspecificcommandsareaddedtotheCommandslistinthesummaryview,
andtheVM>ACEmenuisenabled.
UsetheVM>Settingsmenutoconfigurethevirtualmachine.
(Optional)UsetheACEOptionssettingspaneltoassociatethevirtualmachine
withanACEManagementServer.Youcanthenusetheservertoactivateandtrack
instancesandmakechangestopolicies,instancecustomizationdata,andother
dataforeachACEinstance.
BecausemanagedACEinstancescheckperiodicallyforupdates,theupdatesare
dynamic.Youdonotneedtocreateanddeploynewupdatepackages.Seethe
VMwareACEManagementServerAdministratorsGuide.
Installaguestoperatingsystem,VMwareTools,andothersoftwareinthevirtual
machine.
Theproceduresarethesameasforanyvirtualmachine.Forguestoperating
systemsupport,knownissues,andinstallationinstructions,seetheonlineVMware
CompatibilityGuide.GototheVMwareWebsiteandselectResources>
CompatibilityGuides,andclicktheViewtheGuest/HostOStabontheVMware
CompatibilityGuideWebsitelink
SetpoliciesfortheACEinstance.
PoliciescontrolsuchthingsaswhatnetworkaccessendusershavefromACE
instancesandwhatdevicesontheirhostcomputerstheymayuseintheinstances.
SeeChapter 19,SettingandUsingPoliciesandCustomizingVMwarePlayer,on
page 389.
VMware, Inc.
385
SpecifydeploymentsettingsfortheACEinstance.
Deploymentsettingscontrolsuchthingsasencryption,packagelifetime,and
securityIDs.SeeChapter 20,DeployingACEPackages,onpage 435.
Createpackagestodeploytoendusers.
Workstationguidesyouthroughtheprocess.SeeCreatingaPackageon
page 449orChapter 21,PocketACE,onpage 457.
Distributepackagestoendusers.
DistributethepackagesonCD,DVD,orportablemedia,ormakethemavailable
onanetwork.SeeDeployPackagesonpage 456orDeployingtheACEPackage
onaPortableDeviceonpage 461.
InstallACEinstancesonendusersmachines.
SeeInstallingACEPackagesonpage 465orRunthePocketACEInstanceon
page 463.
YoucaninstallmultipleACEinstancesonthesamemachine.Theycanbefrom
differentvendorsandbegovernedbydifferentpolicies.Youcanalsouninstall
individualACEinstancesorWorkstationwhileleavingotherACEinstances
installed.
10 Keepusersuptodate.
Ifyouneedtoupdatetheguestoperatingsystem,updateaprogramrunning
insidetheACEinstance,orchangepoliciessetfortheACEpackage,youcancreate
anddistributeanewpackage.
Packageupdatesdonotupgradethevirtualmachineversion.Youcanuseapackage
updatetoprovideenduserswithVMwareACE2.6policies,buttheupdatepackage
doesnotupdateACEPlayerorthevirtualmachinetoversion2.6.
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseacommandfromthe
VM > ACEmenu.
InthesummaryviewfortheACEenabledvirtualmachine,clickanACErelated
commandintheCommandslist.
TheACEtabinthesummaryviewliststhecurrentsettingsforpoliciesand
deployment.
386
VMware, Inc.
ClickabuttonintheACEtoolbar.
RightclicktheACEenabledvirtualmachineinthesidebarandchoosean
ACErelatedcommand.
ACEManagementServerhastwointerfaces:
InWorkstation,selectanACEManagementServerinthesidebartodisplaythe
instanceview.
UsetheVMwareHelpDeskapplication.Becausethisinterfaceisbrowserbased,
youcanuseitfrommachinesthatdonothaveWorkstationinstalled.
Bothinterfacesofferthesamebasicfunctionality.Administratorscanviewandcontrol
allmanagedACEinstances.Anadvancedsearchfunctionallowsyoutolocate
instancesinthedatabasequickly.Youcancustomizetheinterfacebyaddingsearchable
customfields.SeetheVMwareACEManagementServerAdministratorsGuide.
ManagedACEinstancesUseACEManagementServer.SeetheVMwareACE
ManagementServerAdministratorsGuide.
StandaloneACEinstancesUsethevmware-acetoolcommandlineprogramto
fixthoseproblemsdirectlyontheusersmachines.SeeUsingthevmwareacetool
CommandLineToolonpage 479.
Youcanalsousethehotfixfeaturetorespondtotheseproblems.SeeSetting
HotFixPoliciesforStandaloneACEInstancesonpage 421andRespondtoHot
FixRequestsonpage 481.
YoumightfinditusefultomodifytheconfigurationofanACEinstanceonan
enduserscomputer.Administratormodeenablesyoutoaccessandusethevirtual
machinesettingseditorwhenrunningtheACEinstancewithVMwarePlayeronthe
userscomputer.SeeSettingAdministratorModePoliciesonpage 419.
VMware, Inc.
387
388
VMware, Inc.
19
19
ThischapterdescribeshowtosetpoliciesforanACEenabledvirtualmachineand
customizetheVMwarePlayerinterfaceforendusers.Thischapterincludesthe
followingtopics:
BenefitsofUsingPoliciesonpage 390
SetPoliciesforACEInstancesonpage 390
SettingAccessControlPoliciesonpage 391
SettingHosttoGuestDataScriptPoliciesonpage 397
SettingExpirationPoliciesonpage 399
SettingCopyProtectionPoliciesonpage 400
SettingResourceSigningPoliciesonpage 401
SettingNetworkAccessPoliciesonpage 402
SettingRemovableDevicesPoliciesonpage 411
SettingUSBDevicePoliciesonpage 412
SettingVirtualPrinterPoliciesonpage 414
SettingRuntimePreferencesPoliciesonpage 415
SettingSnapshotPoliciesonpage 418
SettingAdministratorModePoliciesonpage 419
SettingKioskModePoliciesonpage 420
SettingHotFixPoliciesforStandaloneACEInstancesonpage 421
SettingthePolicyUpdateFrequencyforManagedACEInstancesonpage 421
ControlWhichACEInstancesRunonaHostonpage 422
WritingPlugInPolicyScriptsonpage 424
CustomizingtheVMwarePlayerInterfaceonWindowsHostsOnlyonpage 428
VMware, Inc.
389
PermittheACEinstancetobeusedonlybycertainusersandgroupsdefinedinan
ActiveDirectorydomain.
Specifywhichnetworkresourcesendusersmayaccessfromthevirtualmachine.
Permituserstoconnectanddisconnectcertainremovabledevicesconfiguredfor
thevirtualmachine.
SetanexpirationdateforanACEinstance.
Yousetpolicieswiththepolicyeditor.Youcanchangesomeorallofthepoliciesforan
ACEinstanceatanytimebyeditingthepoliciesandcreatinganddistributinganew
packagethatcontainsonlythepolicies.
ForACEenabledvirtualmachinesthatACEManagementServermanages,youcan
dynamicallychangesomepoliciesanddeploythosechangestotheACEinstanceson
usersmachines.
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>Policies.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectaniteminthePolicylist.
CompletethesettingspanelforthatpolicyandeitherclickOKorselectanother
policytoedit.
Forassistancewiththefieldsonasettingspanel,clickHelp.
390
VMware, Inc.
Server,withActiveDirectoryACEinstancesaremanagedbyanACE
ManagementServer,andtheserverisintegratedwithActiveDirectory.
AnendusermustenterActiveDirectoryusercredentialseachtimetheACE
instanceisrun.Onlytheuserwhoactivatestheinstancecanauthenticate(run)the
instance.TheactivationstepisperformedwheneveranACEpackageisinstalled.
Server,noActiveDirectoryACEinstancesaremanagedbyanACE
ManagementServer,andtheserverisnotintegratedwithActiveDirectory.
Theadministratorchooseswhethertheendusermustenterapasswordtoactivate
theACEinstanceandrunit.
StandaloneACEinstancesarestandalone,whichmeanstheyarenotmanaged
byaserver.
Theadministratorchooseswhethertheendusermustenterapasswordtoactivate
theACEinstanceandrunit.
IfyouuseACEManagementServer,theserveralsoverifiesthefollowingitemsbefore
theinstanceisallowedtorun:
Therevocationflagisnotsetandtheinstanceisnotblockedfromrunningbecause
ofanypolicyerrors.
Theexpirationdatesetfortheinstance,ifany,hasnotbeenreached.SeeSetting
ExpirationPoliciesonpage 399.
VMware, Inc.
391
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>Policies.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectAccessControlandcompletethefieldsinthesettings
panel.
ClickOK.
VerifythatthenewsettingsappearcorrectlyontheACEtabinthevirtual
machinessummaryview.
Ifyouchangeanactivationsetting,thepolicytakeseffectwhenanewinstance
fromthispackageisinstalledandactivated.Youcanalsoeditanimported
keywordlist.
(Optional)Tochangetheauthenticationsettingfromonetypetoanother,createa
policyupdatepackageanddistributeittotheuser.
Activation Settings
UseactivationsettingstocontrolwhichuserscanactivateanACEinstanceafteritis
installed.Theactivationdateisusedfortheexpirationpolicy.
IfyouuseanACEManagementServerwithActiveDirectory,thecontrolsinthe
ActivationsectionenableyoutoopentheActiveDirectoryUsersandGroupsdialog
box.ThemachineonwhichWorkstationrunsmustbeinthesamedomainforwhich
theACEManagementServerisconfigured.Userlistchangesareeffectiveatthenext
startupoftheinstance.
IfyoudonotuseActiveDirectoryorifyouarecreatingstandaloneACEinstances,the
settingspanelincludesthefollowingoptionsforactivationpasswordsorkeys:
NoneNopasswordorkeyisrequired.Anyusercanactivatethisinstance.
PasswordTheusermustenterthepasswordthattheadministratorusesto
activatethisACEinstance.Youmustprovidetheuserwiththepasswordthrough
emailorothermeans.
ForstandaloneACEenabledvirtualmachines,yousetthepasswordduringthe
packagingprocess.
392
VMware, Inc.
ActivationkeyThisoptionisavailableifyouuseACEManagementServer
withoutActiveDirectoryintegration.Youspecifyoneormorekeysandtheend
usermustenterakeythatisinthatlist.
Activationkeysareserialnumbers(freeformstrings)thatcanbetrackedasused
orunusedbytheserver.Youcanenterthekeysorimportthemfromatextfile.
Toimportkeys,youneedatextfilethatcontainsthelistofactivationtokens.Each
tokenisonelineinthefile.Blanklinesareignored.
ForanACEenabledvirtualmachine,Allowmultipleactivationsperkeyis
selectedbydefault.TorestrictallowingmultipleactivationofanACEenabled
virtualmachineperkey,deselectthisoption.
Authentication Settings
Theauthenticationstepisperformedwhenevertheuserrunstheinstance,unless
AuthenticationissettoNone.
IfyouuseACEManagementServerwithActiveDirectory,thecontrolsinthe
AuthenticationsectionenableyoutoopentheActiveDirectoryUsersandGroups
dialogbox.ThemachineonwhichWorkstationrunsmustbeinthesamedomainthat
whichACEManagementServerisconfiguredfor.
IfyoudonotuseActiveDirectoryorifyouarecreatingstandaloneACEinstances,the
settingspanelincludesthefollowingoptionsforauthenticationcontrol:
NoneNopasswordisrequired.Anyusercanrunthisinstanceafteritis
activated.
UserspecifiedpasswordTheinstancedoesnotrununtiltheuserentersthe
correctpassword.Eachusermustsetapasswordduringactivation,thefirsttime
theinstanceispoweredon.
Youcancreatepasswordpoliciestocontrolsuchthingsastheminimumnumber
ofcharacters,typesofcharacters,andnumberofpasswordattemptsbeforethe
userislockedoutforaspecifiedamountoftime.
ScriptAcustomauthenticationscriptisruntodeterminewhocanusethe
instance.SeeUsinganAuthenticationScriptonpage 394.
AuthenticateagainwhenhostresumesfromsuspendstateEnablesordisables
authenticationforACEinstancesifthehostisresumedfromasuspendedstate.
ThisoptionisavailableforstandaloneACEinstance,managedACEinstance
withoutActivedirectory,andmanagedACEinstancewithActivedirectory.
VMware, Inc.
393
CreatethescriptandsaveitintheACE Resourcesfolder.
Ontheaccesscontrolpolicypage,selectScriptandclickPoweron/offscripts.
Selectoneorbothcheckboxesforthescriptsyouwanttorun.
ClickSettospecifythepathtothescriptandenterthecommandtorunthescript.
Ifyouareenablingapoweronorpoweroffscriptafteryoudeployedpackages,
provideanupdatepackageoracustompackagefortheACE Resourcesdirectory.
Whenthescriptrunsontheuserssystem,thescriptprintsTRUEforpoweronor
FALSEforpoweroff.Itmustalsoconformtostandardscriptexitcoderules.The
followingisanexampleofapoweronscript:
# VMware Sample Script
#
#
Sample script for ACE power-on hook
#
#
Description:
#
This sample script implements a power-on hook for ACE. This can be used
#
in addition to authentication to control the circumstances under which an
#
ACE is allowed to run.
394
VMware, Inc.
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
Scriptscanbeinanylanguage.Forexample,youcanusea.batfileonWindows
operatingsystemsorperlorshonLinuxoperatingsystems.Ascriptprovides
WorkstationwithacommandlineexecutablefileorascriptfileintheACE Resources
directory.Theguidelinesascriptmustfollowdependonwhichpolicythescriptis
implementing.
Thescriptmustexitwitha0(zero)valuetobeconsideredasuccess.Anyotheroutput
resultsinfailure.Uponsuccess,thestdoutoutputofthescriptisexamined.Foragiven
policy,thisshouldbeaspecificvaluesuchasTRUEorFALSE.Forapoweronscript,
outputshouldbeTRUEorFALSE.Theauthenticationscriptoutputisusedasa
password.Thehosttoguestdatascriptisastringinaparticularformatsuchas
guestinfo.var1="value1"\nguestinof.var2="value2".
VMware, Inc.
395
Ontheaccesscontrolpolicypage,clickRecoverykey.
IntheRecoveryKeydialogbox,selectUserecoverykey.
Dooneofthefollowing:
TouseanexistingPEMformatkeypair,clickBrowseforExistingKeyand
navigatetothepublickeyofthepairtouse.
TocreateaPEMformatkeypair,clickCreateNewRecoveryKeyand
completethedialogboxthatappears.
ClickOKtogeneratethekeys.
Afterseveralseconds,thenewlygeneratedpublickeyislistedinthefieldonthe
RecoveryKeytab.Thetwopartsofthekeyarestoredinthelocationyouindicated,
withthenamesyouspecifiedfollowedbytheextensions.pubforthepublickey
and.privfortheprivatekey.
Recordtheprivatekeypasswordandlocationoftheprivatekeyfilesothatyoucan
supplyitifyouneedtoresetapassword.
Ontheaccesscontrolpolicypage,underActivationlimit,inTotalnumberof
activations,choosehowmanyinstancescanbeactivatedfromthisACEenabled
virtualmachine.
Youcanusethedropdownmenuortypeinanumber.
SelectAllowmultipleactivationperusertoallowusersmultipleactivationofthe
ACEenabledvirtualmachine.
ThisoptionisavailableforanACEinstancemanagedbyACEManagementServer
withActiveDirectory.
396
VMware, Inc.
VMware, Inc.
397
FromaWindowsguest,enterthefollowingatacommandprompt:
cd "C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Tools"
vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "machine.id.get"
vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "info-get guestinfo.<key_to_query>"
vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "info-get guestinfo.script_status"
FromaLinuxguest,enterthefollowingatacommandprompt:
vmtoolsd --cmd "machine.id.get"
vmtoolsd --cmd "info-get guestinfo.<key_to_query>"
vmtoolsd --cmd "info-get guestinfo.script_status"
IftheACEenabledvirtualmachineforaninstanceisconfiguredforbothWindowsand
Linuxplatforms,youcanprovidescriptsforbothWindowsandLinuxsystems.
Changestoascriptrequirethatyoudeployanupdatepackagethatincludesthenew
script.
Forinstructionsoncreatinganddeployingthescript,seeSpecifyaScriptanda
CommandtoRunItonpage 398.
AccesscontrolauthenticationscriptCustomauthenticationscriptthatrunson
theenduserscomputertodeterminewhocanusetheACEinstance.
IfyouplantousethescriptwithaPocketACEthatwillrunonbothWindowsand
Linuxhosts,makesurethatthescriptoutputsonbothplatformsareexactlythe
same,includingcharactersforlineendingsornewlines.
HostguestdatascriptScriptforsharinghostinformationsuchasthehost
machineIDandIPaddresswithapplicationsthatrunontheguest.
398
CreatethescriptandsaveitintheACE Resourcesdirectoryinsidethevirtual
machinesdirectory.
InWorkstation,selecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>
Policies.
VMware, Inc.
Inthepolicyeditor,dooneofthefollowing:
Ifthescriptisacustomauthenticationscript,selectAccessControlandinthe
Authenticationsection,selectScriptandclickSetScript.
Ifthescriptisforpassinghostinformationtotheguest,selectHostGuest
DataScript,selectRunahostguestscriptatpoweron,andclickSet.
Inthedialogboxthatappears,browsetothescriptfileandclickOpen.
IfthedeploymentplatformsettinginthedeploymentsettingseditorissettoBoth
WindowsandLinux,thisdialogboxcontainstextfieldsforbothWindowsand
Linux.
Typethecommandforrunningthescript.
Includethescriptfileinthecommandline,aswellasanyneededexecutablefile
forrunningthescriptandanyargumentstothescript.
(Optional)SelectTimeoutandtypeatimeoutintervalinseconds,incasethescript
doesnotruntocompletion.
Theuserisdeniedaccessifthetimeoutintervalelapsesbeforethescriptrunsto
completion.
ClickOK.
IfyouareenablingthisscriptforanACEenabledvirtualmachinethatyoualready
deployed,dooneofthefollowing:
Forstandaloneinstances,includethescriptintheupdatepackageyou
distributetoendusers.
Formanagedinstances,useapolicyandserverupdatepackageoracustom
packagethatincludestheACE Resourcesdirectorytoprovideenduserswith
thescript.
VMware, Inc.
399
Youcanalsosetandcustomizeawarningmessagethatappearseachtimeaninstance
powersonastheexpirationdateapproaches.Anexpirationmessageappearswhenthe
instanceexpiresandtheinstancecannolongerbepoweredon.
AstandaloneACEinstancehasthesameexpirationpolicyasallinstancescreatedfrom
thecorrespondingACEpackage.Thefixedexpirationdateorthefixeddaterangeis
establishedatactivationtime.Eachtimetheuserpowersontheinstance,thedateor
daterangeischecked.Expirationchecksarealsoperformedwhiletheinstanceis
running.Iftheexpirationisreached,anexpirationmessageappearsandtheinstanceis
suspended.
WithamanagedACEinstance,theexpirationpolicyworkssimilarlyasforstandalone
instances,buttheexpirationpolicyvaluecanbespecifiedforindividualinstances.A
validdaterangeforanACEenabledvirtualmachineappliestoeachofitsassociated
ACEinstancesuntilaninstanceisindividuallyconfiguredwithitsowndaterange.
Afterthatconfiguration,anychangestotheACEenabledvirtualmachinesexpiration
policydonotaffecttheinstance.Allexpirationvalues,bothforACEenabledvirtual
machinesandforallACEinstances,aredynamic.Thismeansthatafteryouchangethe
valueandpublishthepolicyupdatetoACEManagementServer,ACEinstancesgetthe
newvaluethenexttimetheycheckforpolicyupdates.
400
VMware, Inc.
EveryACEinstancehasacopyprotectionidentifier(CPID)thatcontainsthepathtothe
ACEinstanceonthehostfilesystem.ForstandardACEinstances,theCPIDalso
containsthesystemsBIOSID.ForPocketACEinstances,theCPIDcontainsthefile
systemID.Ifcopyprotectionison,WorkstationcomparesthecurrentCPIDwiththe
storedCPID.Iftheydonotmatch,theinstancewasmovedorcopied.
ForstandaloneACEinstances,youcansettheCPIDbyusingvmware-acetoolorby
sendinghotfixes(onWindowssystems,ifhotfixesareenabled).SeeUsingthe
vmwareacetoolCommandLineToolonpage 479andRespondtoHotFixRequests
onpage 481.
FormanagedACEinstances,theCPIDisstoredontheserverandtheadministratorcan
updateit.SeetheACEManagementServerAdministratorsGuide.
VMware, Inc.
401
Networkzones
NetworkaccessforanACEinstanceshostmachine(alsoknownashostnetwork
access)
NetworkaccessforanACEinstancesguestoperatingsystem(alsoknownas
guestnetworkaccess)
NetworkaccesspoliciescanbedynamiciftheACEinstanceisassociatedwithanACE
ManagementServer.ThismeansthatafteryoupublishapolicyupdatetoACE
ManagementServer,ACEinstancesgetthenewpolicythenexttimetheycheckfor
policyupdates.YoucanquicklylockACEinstancesoutofallorpartofyournetwork
tohelpcombatthespreadofawormorviruswithoutdeployingupdatepackages.See
theVMwareACEManagementServerAdministratorsGuide.
402
AhostmachineforACEinstancescanhaveonlyonehostpolicyfile.Ifyoutryto
installanACEpackagewithahostpolicyfileonamachinethatalreadyhasa
differenthostpolicyfile,installationofthenewpackagefails.
AhostpolicyisineffectevenwhennoACEinstancesarerunning.Thepolicystarts
immediatelyafterinstallationandstartsworkingeverytimethehostsystemboots.
Anyrestrictionsonthehostsnetworkaccessalsorestrictnetworkaccessforan
ACEinstancethatusesNATnetworking,becausetheNATconnectionisaffected
byallthepoliciesyouapplytothehost.Ifyousetuprestrictedhostaccessbyusing
theACEruleseteditorandruleseditorratherthantheNetworkAccesswizard,
configuretheACEenabledvirtualmachinesvirtualNICstousebridged
networking.
IfyouaresettingupamanagedACEenabledvirtualmachine,youmustallowthe
hosttoaccessACEManagementServer,communicatingthroughTCPoverthe
appropriateportthatyouconfigure.
VMware, Inc.
HostpoliciesdonotapplytoPocketACEinstances.Ifyouspecifyarestrictedhost
policyforanACEenabledvirtualmachineandthencreateaPocketACEpackage
withthatACEenabledvirtualmachine,thepackageiscreatedbutthehostpolicy
isnotincludedinthepackage.
Youcannotviewchangestohostpoliciesinthepreviewmode.Ifyouwanttotest
theeffectsofsuchchanges,youmustperformatestdeployment.SeeChapter 20,
DeployingACEPackages,onpage 435.
IfyouchoosetheDesktopConfigurationoption,thewizardcreatesanewguest
accessrulesetfortheEverywherezone.ThisrulesetrestrictsACEinstanceaccess
toyourVPNorotherspecifiednetworkhosts.
IfyouchoosetheLaptopConfigurationoption,thewizardcreatesanewinternal
zonethatrestrictsthenetworkaddressand,optionally,thedomainonwhichthe
ACEinstancecanrun.Itcanalsocreateanewhostaccessrulesetforthiszoneto
restrictaccesstotheinternalnetwork.Forexample,youcanspecifyaproxyserver.
Finally,youcanconfigurethesameremoteaccessfortheDesktopConfiguration
option.
Ifyouusethisoptionandyoudonotmodifyanyofthedefaultsettingsthatthe
wizardprovides,thehostisstillallowedtocommunicatewithDNSandDHCP
serverssothatthezonedetectionmechanismcanfunctionproperly.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectNetworkAccess.
SelectRestrictnetworkaccessoftheACEinstanceand/oritshostandclick
Quick Setup.
VMware, Inc.
403
Completethewizard.
Dependingonwhichconfigurationtypeyouchoose,anewzonemightbeadded
totheNetworkAccesssettingspanel,andnewrulesetsmightappearinthe
Host NetworkAccessandGuestNetworkAccesscolumnsinthetable.
(Optional)Tovieworeditthezonesorrulesetsyoucreatedwiththewizard,click
thezoneorrulesetnameinthetableontheNetworkAccesssettingspanel.
WhenyouusetheNetworkAccesswizardtocreateaninternalzone,choosingthe
LaptopConfigurationoptionenablesyoutospecifythenetworkaddress,domain,and
subdomains.IfyouwanttoalsoconfigureDNS,DHCP,WINS,orgatewayservers,use
thezoneeditor.SeeGuidelinesforSpecifyingZoneConditionsonpage 404.
Youcanspecifyazonebyusinguptosixconditions:
Domain
Subnet
DNSservers
DHCPservers
Gatewayservers
WINSservers
Foramatchtooccur,allspecifiedconditionsmustbemet.
Allzoneconditionsexceptthedomainconditionallowuserstospecifyalistof
addresses.Thematchismadeifthehostsaddressmatchesanyoftheaddresslist
entriesinaspecifiedcondition.
Whenthehostconnectstoanetwork,acheckisperformedtodeterminewhetherthe
networkmatchestheconditionsforazone.Thecheckingstartswiththetopmostzone
inthetableandcontinuesdownthetableuntilamatchismadeortheEverywhereElse
zoneisreached.Whenamatchismade,thezonecheckingstopsandfilterrulesforthat
zoneareapplied.
404
VMware, Inc.
Therearetradeoffsbetweenusingshorterandlongerlistsofconditions.Ifyouusea
longerlist,youminimizethechancesofafalsepositiveresultoramisidentification.
Minimizingthechanceofafalsepositiveresultoramisidentificationcanbeimportant
ifyouareprovidinganACEpackagetosomeonewhoconnectsahostcomputerto
multiplenetworksatdifferenttimes.Ifoneoftheothernetworksmatchesthe
characteristicsyoudefineinthezonedefinition,thehostandinstanceaccesspolicies
areapplied,evenifthehostisnotconnectedtoyournetwork.
Insomecases,however,usingalongerlistmightalsoincreasethelikelihoodthatauser
couldcircumventthedetectionmechanism.Forexample,suchanerrormightbemade
ifyouswitchthehosttouseastaticIPaddressinsteadofDHCPandconfigurethehost
withonlyasubsetofthecharacteristicsdefinedforyourzone,suchasonlynetwork
address,ornetworkaddressandDNSserverinformation.
Alsoconsiderthattheaddressesornamesofcertainserverscanchangeovertime.
Such changescanalsointroducedetectionissues.
Usingasmallersetofinformationinazonedescription,suchasonlythenetwork
addressandthesubnetmask,issafer.Thedisadvantageisthatitincreasesthechance
thatafalsepositiveormisidentificationcanoccur.Suchfalsepositivesareespecially
likelyifyournetworkisusingacommonnetblock,suchas10/8,172.16/12,or
192.168/16,thatisalsousedbyothernetworks.
DomainSpecifiesthedomainnameofthenetwork,suchasmycompany.com.
Enteronlyonedomainname.ThevalueofAllowsubdomainsofthisdomain
governstheinterpretationofthisoption.
AllowsubdomainsofthisdomainModifiestheDomainoption.Itspecifies
whether,fortheDomainzoneconditiontobemet,adomainnamemustexactly
matchthedomainnamespecifiedintheDomainboxorwhetheramatchofthe
domainnameismadeanytimethestringcontains<domain_name>.Forexample,
ifthisoptionisselected,corp.mycompany.comisconsideredamatchfor
mycompany.com.Ifthisoptionisnotselected,corp.mycompany.comisnot
consideredamatchformycompany.com.
NetworkaddressSpecifiesanIPaddressorsubnetrangethatthenetworkuses.
Thevalueof<subnet>,ifyouincludeasubnetrange,mustbethenumberofbits
inthenetmask.Anetworkadaptermatchesthisconditionifitisusingan
IP addressthatlieswithinanyofthespecifiedranges.
VMware, Inc.
405
DNSserversSpecifiesoneormoreIPaddressesorhostnamesforDNSservers
onthenetwork.Anetworkadaptermatchesthisconditionifitisusingatleastone
oftheseservers.
IfthevalueoftheMatchatleastoptionisgreaterthan1,thehostmustbeusing
thespecifiednumberofDNSserversonthelistbeforeanetworkadapteris
consideredtobeonthedefinednetwork.
BecausemultiplemethodsexistforassigningDNSdomainnamestoaLinuxhost,
usingjusttheDNSdomainnametodefineazonecanbeerrorprone.Todefinea
zoneforaLinuxhost,usecriteriainadditiontotheDNSdomainnames.
ForWebsites,aDNSdomainnamemightresolvetomorethanoneaddress.To
ensurethatthezoneisdefinedexactlyasyouintend,entereachIPaddress,rather
thanjusttheDNSdomainname.
DHCPserversSpecifiesoneormoreIPaddressesorhostnamesforDHCP
serversonthenetwork.Anetworkadaptermatchesthisconditionifitisusingat
leastoneoftheseservers.
GatewayserversSpecifiesoneormoreIPaddressesorhostnamesfordefault
gatewaysonthenetwork.Anetworkadaptermatchesthisconditionifitisusing
atleastoneofthesegateways.
WINSserversSpecifiesoneormoreIPaddressesorhostnamesforWINSservers
onthenetwork.Anetworkadaptermatchesthisconditionifitisusingatleastone
oftheseservers.LinuxhostsignoreWINSserversettingsduringzonedetection.
IfthevalueoftheMatchatleastoptionisgreaterthan1,thehostmustbeusing
thespecifiednumberofWINSserversonthelistbeforeanetworkadapteris
consideredtobeonthedefinednetwork.
406
VMware, Inc.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectNetworkAccessanddooneofthefollowing:
Toaddazone,clickAddZoneandclicktheNewZoneentrythatappearsin
thetable.
Toeditazone,clickthenameofthezoneintheZonescolumnofthetable.
CompletethefieldsinthezoneeditorthatappearsandclickOK.
Ifyoumoveyourservicestodifferentports,thenetworkaccessrulesforthose
servicesnolongerwork.
Thehostorinstanceisopentoalltrafficontheseprotocolsandports.
TounderstandtheparticularsofhowtrafficisbeingblockedorallowedforDNS,
DHCP,andICMPprotocolsandports,seetherulesdisplayedintheruleseteditor.
Sourceaddressforincomingpackets
Destinationaddressforoutgoingpackets,protocol,andports
VMware, Inc.
407
Thepacketiscomparedtoeachruleinorderuntilitmatchesaruleoritwascompared
withalloftherules.Whenamatchismade,thepackettorulecomparisonends.
The packetisnotcomparedtosubsequentrulesintheorderedlist.Ifitwascompared
toallruleswithoutamatch,thedefaultruleactionisapplied.
To add and edit rulesets and rules for network access
1
Inthepolicyeditor,selectNetworkAccess,andclickthelinkinthetablecolumn
thatappliestotheaccesssettingtoedit.
TheZoneandAccessTypeinformationjustbelowtheRulesetNametextbox
showsthenameofthezoneandwhethertheaccesssettingappliestohostnetwork
accessortothenetworkaccessforACEinstances(guestaccess).
Usetheruleseteditortochangetheorderofrulesintheset,editrules,andspecify
whetherthehostorguestisallowedtouseDNS,DHCP,orICMP.
Bydefault,DNS,DHCP,andICMPareincludedinthenetworkaccesssetupfor
bothhostandinstanceaccess.VMwarerecommendsthatyoukeepDHCPand
DNSselectedbecausetheyareimportantforzonedetection.
WhetherthefollowingsettingsapplytothehostortotheACEinstance(guest
access)dependsonwhetheryouareeditingahostnetworkaccessrulesetora
guestnetworkaccessruleset:
408
DNSAllowstheguestorhosttouseaDNSservertoresolveIPaddresses.
SelectthisoptioniftheDNSserverisnotincludedinanyothernetworkaccess
settingforthishostorACEinstance.
DHCPAllowsthehostorguesttoobtainitsIPaddressfromaDHCPserver.
SelectthisoptioniftheDHCPserverisnotincludedinanyothernetwork
accesssettingforthehostorACEinstance.
ICMPEnablesyoutousethepingcommand.Forguests,pingenablesyou
tochecknetworkconnectivitytoandfromtheACEinstance.Forhosts,it
enablesyoutochecknetworkconnectivitywithotherhostsinthenetwork
andwiththeACEinstance.
(Optional)Toaddoreditarule,dooneofthefollowing:
Tochangeaspecificrulessettings,clicktherowforthatruleinthetableinthe
ruleseteditorandclickEdit.
Toaddarule,clickAdd.
VMware, Inc.
(Optional)UsetheRuleEditordialogboxtospecifythetypeoftraffic,whetherto
blockorallowtrafficfromspecifiednetworklocations,theprotocol,andportsor
portranges.
AddressesToeditanexistinghostnameoraddress,doubleclickthatitem
andeditit.ThewildcardsettingforallIPaddressesis0.0.0.0/0.
ProtocolToalloworblockcommunicationforaspecificprotocol,select
CustomfromtheProtocollist.Theprotocolnumberisinthepacket.Ifthat
numbermatchesthenumbersuppliedintheCustomfield,thepacketis
allowedorblockedastherulespecifies.Theprotocolnumberisusedinthe
protocolfieldofIPv4packets.
Foralistofprotocolnumbers,seetheInternetAssignedNumbers
Authority (IANA)organizationsWebsite.Mostprotocolnumbersare
permanentlyassigned.
RemotePortsandLocalPortsIfyouareusingeitherTCPorUDPandwant
toqualifytherulewithspecificportnumbersforthistypeoftraffic,typethe
portnumbersorportnumberranges.
Thewildcardportsettingis(doublequotationmarks).
Usuallyyouspecifyfilteringoneitherlocalorremoteports,notboth,because
bothspecificationshavetomatchfortheruletobeapplied.(DHCPrepresents
anexceptiontothisgeneralrule.)
Thelocalportisthesourceportforoutgoingpacketsandthedestinationport
forincomingpackets.Typicallyyouspecifyalocalportwhenthehostorguest
isbeingusedasaserverobtainingremoteconnectionsonsomeport.
Theremoteportisthesourceportforincomingpacketsandthedestination
portforoutgoingpackets.Typicallyyouspecifyaremoteportwhenthehost
orguestisaclientandiscontactingaremoteserveronsomeport.
VMware, Inc.
409
Inthepolicyeditor,selectNetworkAccess.
ClickHostVirtualNetworkonthepolicypage.
IntheNATsectionofthedialogbox,selectAssignIPaddressesfromthissubnet.
TypethesubnetIPaddresstouse,enterzero(0)asthelastbyteintheaddress,and
clickOK.
CreateanACEpackageanddeploythepackage.
TheNATsettingisnotadynamicpolicysetting.Thismeansthatsimply
publishingapolicyupdatetoACEManagementServerdoesnotcauseACE
instancestochangeNATsettings.YoucanchangethesettingforadeployedACE
instanceonlybychangingitinthepolicyandthencreatinganddeployinganew
ACEpackage.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectNetworkAccess.
ClickHostVirtualNetworkonthepolicypage.
SelectoneoftheradiobuttonsintheAutomaticBridgingsection.
IfyouselectDevicename,alsoenterpartorallofthedevicename.
Forexample,ifdevicenameofthelocalareaconnectionisBroadcomNetXtreme
57xxGigabitController#2,youmightenterBroadcomorbroadcom netxtreme.
OnWindowshosts,todeterminethedevicename,gototheNetworkConnections
itemintheControlPanel.
410
VMware, Inc.
ClickOK.
CreateanACEpackageanddeploythepackage.
Thisautomaticbridgingsettingisahostpolicy,whichmeansthatyoucanchange
thesettingforadeployedACEinstanceonlybychangingitinthepolicyandthen
creatinganddeployinganewACEpackage
VMware, Inc.
411
SpecificUSBdeviceForexample,allowuseofaspecifictypeofdigitalcamera
butdisallowuseofiPodmobiledigitaldevices.
Ifaruleexistsforaspecificdevice,thatruleoverridesanyrulessetfordevice
classesinwhichthedevicebelongs.
AllentriesinthelistofspecificUSBdevicesaremaintainedinadevicedatabase
thatisincludedwiththefilesforthisACEenabledvirtualmachine.Youcancopy
andsharethedatabase.Itisnotwriteprotected.Thedefaultlocationforthefileis:
OnWindowsXP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application
Data\VMware\VMware Workstation\usbhistory.ini
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7:C:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware
Workstation\usbhistory.ini
DeviceclassForexample,allowuseofhumaninputdevices(HIDs),suchasmice
andkeyboards,butdisallowuseofcommunicationsdevices,suchasmodemsand
cellphones.
Ifnospecificdeviceruleexistsforadeviceandmorethanonedeviceclassrule
appliestothatdevice,themostrestrictiveruleisapplied.Forexample,adevice
mightincludebothafaxfunctionandaprintfunctionandthereforecanbelongto
morethanoneclass.Ifoneruleblocksafaxdevicebutanotherruleallowsaprint
device,thecombinationfaxandprintdeviceisblocked.
AllUSBdevicesAllowordenyaccesstoallconnectedUSBdevices.Deviceclass
rulesandspecificdevicerulesoverridegeneralaccessrules.
412
VMware, Inc.
Beforeyouusethepolicyeditor,determineastrategyforsettingthepolicy.Ifyouwant
arestrictedenvironment,youcanplantogenerallyblockaccesstoallUSBdevicesand
thenspecifyexactlywhichclassesorspecificdevicestoallow.SeeAccessLevelsfor
USBDevicesonpage 412.
To set an access policy for USB devices
1
Inthepolicyeditor,selectUSBDevices.
UsetheGeneralaccesstoallUSBdevicesradiobuttonstospecifywhetherto
alloworblockgeneralaccesstoUSBdevices.
TospecifyaUSBpolicybydeviceclass:
a
IfthedevicedoesnotappearintheAccesstospecifictypesofUSBdevices
list,clickAdd,selectthedeviceintheUSBDeviceClassesdialogbox,andclick
OK.
YoucanCtrlclickandShiftclickitemstoselectmorethanoneclass.
b
4
SelecttheAllowandBlockcheckboxesintheAccesstospecifictypesofUSB
deviceslisttospecifytheruleforeachdeviceinthelist.
TospecifyaUSBpolicybyspecificdevice:
a
IfthedevicedoesnotappearintheAccesstoindividualUSBdevicemodels
list,clickAdd,selectthedeviceintheUSBDeviceListdialogbox,andclick
OK.
IfthedevicedoesnotappearintheUSBDeviceListdialogbox,dooneofthe
following:
VMware, Inc.
ConnectthedevicetothehostandclickRefresh.
DeterminethedevicesvendorID(VID)andproductID(PID)andclick
ManualAddtoentertheinformation.Thisinformationisavailablefrom
theWindowsDeviceManagerwhenyouconnecttheUSBdevicetoa
Windowscomputer.
SelecttheAllowandBlockcheckboxesintheAccesstoindividualUSB
devicemodelslisttospecifytheruleforeachdeviceinthelist.
(Optional)Tochangetheinformationforadevice,clickRemoveandaddthe
deviceagainwiththenewinformation.
ClickOKinthepolicyeditor.
413
HostWindowsXP,2003,orVista,732bitonly
GuestWindows2000,XP,2003,Vista,7(32and64bit),RedHatEnterpriseLinux
4(32bitonly),Ubuntu,andSUSE
Afteryouenablethevirtualprinterpolicy,aserialportisaddedtothevirtualmachine.
ThisserialportappearsontheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,with
thesummaryUsedbyVirtualPrinter.Youcannotaddorremovethisserialportby
usingthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.Toaddorremoveit,youmustenableor
disabletheoptioninthevirtualprinterpolicy.
NOTEIftheACEenabledvirtualmachinealreadyhasfourserialports,youcannot
addanotherserialportforthevirtualprinter.Toenablethevirtualprinter,deletean
existingserialport.
AfterendusersinstalltheACEinstance,theycanusetheVM>VirtualPrintersmenu
commandtospecifywhichprintersfromthehostareavailabletotheguest.Ifendusers
onWindowshostshaveproblems,makesuretheTPAutoConnectServiceWindows
serviceisstarted.
NOTEWhentheACEVirtualPrinterpolicyisenabled,VirtualPrinterisavailablein
VM>Settings>Hardware,andcannotbedeselecteduntiltheACEVirtualPrinter
policyisdisabled.
414
VMware, Inc.
AlwaysruninfullscreenVMwarePlayerfillsthefullscreenwhenitstarts,
hidingthehostoperatingsystem.Youmightfindthisuseful,forexample,toavoid
confusionaboutthedifferencesbetweenthehostsystemenvironmentandthatof
theACEinstance.
Userscanreturntothehostoperatingsystembyclickingtheminimizebuttonon
thetoolbar.Ifthemousepointerisnotavailable,pressingCtrl+Altminimizesthe
display.
AlwayshidethefullscreentoolbarEnduserscannotdisplaythetoolbarthat
usuallyappearsatthetopofthescreenwheninfullscreenmode.
AlwaysruninapplianceviewTheACEinstanceopensinapplianceviewand
theusercannotchangetoconsoleview.
Tousethissetting,youmustalsoenableapplianceviewforthevirtualmachine.
SeeConfiguretheApplianceViewforaVirtualMachineonpage 182.Ifyou
attempttousethispolicywithoutenablingapplianceview,anerrormessage
appearswhentheuserattemptstostarttheACEinstance.
AllowuserstomodifythememoryallocationTheChangeMemoryAllocation
commandappearsintheVMmenuofVMwarePlayer.
ReducevirtualmachinememorysizeifneededwhenpoweringonThevirtual
machinepowersoneveniftheamountofavailablememoryislessthantheamount
configuredforthevirtualmachine.Ifyoudonotusethisfeatureandtherequired
amountofmemoryisnotavailable,usersneedtomodifythememoryallocationto
poweronthevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
415
RequireenhancedvirtualkeyboardforsecureinputThissettingappliesonlyto
WindowshostsrunningWindowsguests.Thisfeatureprovidesbetterhandlingof
internationalkeyboardsandkeyboardswithextrakeys.Italsoprovidessecurity
improvementsbecauseitprocessesrawkeyboardinputassoonaspossible,
bypassingWindowskeystrokeprocessingandanymalwarethatisnotalreadyat
alowerlayer.
IfanACEinstanceusesthisfeature,whenenduserspressCtrl+Alt+Delete,the
guestsystemonly,ratherthanbothguestandhost,respondstothecommand.
Beforeyoucreatearuntimepolicyforthisfeature,turnontheenhancedkeyboard
filterwiththevirtualmachinesettingseditor.SeeUsetheEnhancedVirtual
KeyboardforWindowsHostsonpage 339.
WhentheACEinstanceisinstalledandtheguestoperatingsystemstartsforthe
firsttime,aspecialkeyboardfilterdriverisinstalledonthehost.Afterinstallation,
theendusermustrestartthehostcomputer.Keyboardfilteringisthenenabled.
WhenasuspectedkeyloggerisdetectedKeystrokeloggingisamethodof
recordinguserkeystrokes,includingdetermininguserpasswords.VMwareACE
nowincludesafeaturethatcandetect(butnotdisable)keyloggers.
IfyouselectAskuser,enduserscanexitorcontinueusingthevirtualmachineand
onlylogthatthekeyloggerwasdetected.Ifyouallowenduserstocontinueusing
thevirtualmachinewhenakeyloggerisdetected,thekeyloggerstillrecordsthe
userskeystrokes.Toavoidthispossibility,selectExit.
416
WhenclosinganonPocketACEinstanceIfyouselectUserPreference,theuser
hasaccesstoSuspendandPoweroffinthePreferencesdialogboxinVMware
Player(File>Preferences).Ifyouselectoneoftheotherchoices,theendusers
virtualmachineissuspendedorpoweredoffwhentheuserchoosesFile>Exitor
clicksthecloseboxinVMwarePlayer.
VMware, Inc.
WhenclosingaPocketACEinstanceIfyouselectUserPreference,theuserhas
accesstoGomobileandAsktogomobileorstayconnectedtothecomputerin
thePreferencesdialogboxinVMwarePlayer(File>Preferences).
AlwaysGoThevirtualmachineispoweredoffandsynchronizedtothe
host.Aftersynchronization,theusercanunplugtheUSBdeviceanduseitin
anothermachine.
AlwaysStayTheuserwantstoexitVMwarePlayerbutdoesnotwantto
unplugthedevice.Thevirtualmachineissuspendedandnosynchronization
occurs.
AlwaysDiscardTheuserwantstoexitVMwarePlayerbutdoesnotwantto
synchronize.Allchangesarelost.
AllowuserstomanuallypowerofforresetthevirtualmachineTheResetand
PoweroffandExitcommandswillappearintheVM>Powermenu.Ifyoudonot
selectthisoption,theusermustexitVMwarePlayertopowerofforsuspendthe
ACEinstance.
VMware, Inc.
417
ReimagesnapshotsAtinstallationtime,asnapshotistakenafterallofthe
requiredinstancesetupstepsarecomplete,including,ifapplicable,encryption,
instancecustomization,anddomainjoin.Thesnapshotistakenbeforethevirtual
machinerunsforthefirsttime.
NOTEManuallydisabletheautomaticreimagesnapshotbyeditingthe
ACEenabledvirtualmachinesaceMaster.datfile.Editthe
packaging.takeReimageSnapshot option.
ReimagesnapshotsallowtheACEadministrator,ortheuseriftheadministrator
enablesreimagesnapshotoptionsfortheuser,toreverttheACEinstancetoits
knowngoodstartingstateortotheknowngoodupdatedreimagestate.
Ifyouenablereimagesnapshotoptions,commandsfortheoptionsappearinthe
VM>Snapshotmenu.
Ifyouchoosenottoenablethereimagesnapshotoptionsfortheuser,youcan
replacethereimagesnapshotorreverttoitontheusersmachinebyproviding
administratormodeaccessthroughtheAdministratorModepolicy.SeeSetting
AdministratorModePoliciesonpage 419.
UsersnapshotsYoucanenableuserstotakeasnapshotoftheACEinstance
eitherwhentheinstanceisrunningorimmediatelyafterpoweringitoff.Youcan
alsoenablethemtodeletethatusersnapshot.
Usersnapshotsenabletheusertoreturnthevirtualmachinetoaknownstable
state.Usersnapshotscanbetaken,revertedto,anddeletedwithoutaffectingthe
reimagesnapshot.Onlyoneusersnapshotcanbesavedatatime.
Ifyouenableusersnapshotoptions,commandsfortheoptionsappearintheVM
>Snapshotmenu.
NOTEYoucannottakesnapshotsofaPocketACEinstance.FormoreaboutPocket
ACEs,seeChapter 21,PocketACE,onpage 457.
418
VMware, Inc.
RuntheACEinstanceontheusersmachineandenteradministratormodeto
accessthevirtualmachinesettingsandmakechangestotheinstances
configuration.Youcanonlyeditthesettings.Youcannotaddorremovevirtual
hardwaredevices.
RuntheACEinstanceontheusersmachineandenteradministrativemodeto
accessallthesnapshotcommands.SeeSettingSnapshotPoliciesonpage 418.
Usethevmware-acetoolcommandlineprogramonanACEuserssystemtofix
alimitedsetofproblemsforstandaloneACEinstances.
StartVMwarePlayerontheendusersmachineandchooseVM>ACE>Enter
AdministratorMode.
Enterthepasswordforadministratoraccess.
Choosetheappropriatecommandsasfollows:
VMware, Inc.
Toeditvirtualmachinesettingsfromtheusersmachine,chooseVM>
Settings.ThiscommandisavailableonlyonWindowshosts.
Tousetheusersnapshotcommands,chooseVM>Snapshot.
Tousethereimagesnapshotcommands,chooseVM>Snapshot>Revertto
ReimageSnapshot.
TousetheACETools,seeUsingthevmwareacetoolCommandLineTool
onpage 479.
Whenyoufinishchangingthevirtualmachinesettingsorusingthesnapshot
commands,chooseVM>ACE>ExitAdministratorMode.
419
Warnstheuserthatthevirtualmachineisabouttogointokioskmode.
Tellstheuserwhichkeycombinationtousetoexitkioskmode.Thedefaultisthe
hotkeycombinationforungrabbinginputfromavirtualmachine(oftenCtrl+Alt).
SeeChangetheKeyCombinationforExitingKioskModeonpage 420.
Ifthepolicyincludesanadministratorpassword,tellstheuserthathostaccessis
availableonlyiftheuserentersthepasswordafterpressingthekeycombination
toexitkioskmode.
Whenauserexitskioskmode,thevirtualmachineispoweredofforsuspended,
accordingtotheruntimepreferencepolicyforexitbehavior.PocketACEinstancesare
poweredoffandsynchronized.Whenthevirtualmachineispoweredoff,theACE
Playerpromptstheusertoexitkioskmode.
OnLinuxhosts,youmustsetsomeadditionalpropertiesafterinstallingtheACE
instance.SeePrepareaLinuxHostforRunninginKioskModeonpage 472.
Forinformationaboutstartupoptionsforkioskmode,seeChangeDefaultKiosk
ModeStartupBehavioronpage 475andUseMultipleVirtualMachinesinKiosk
Modeonpage 476.
Inthepolicyeditor,selectKioskMode.
SelectAlwaysruninkioskmodeandselectCustomhotkeytoexitkioskmode.
ClickintheTypehotkeyherefieldandpressakeycombination.
Forexample,pressAlt+XratherthantypingthecharactersAlt+X.
420
VMware, Inc.
VMware, Inc.
421
Policyupdatestakeeffectwhiletheinstanceisrunning,withthefollowingexceptions:
Updatestoaccesscontrolpolicies,whichincludeuserandgrouplists,passwords,
andscripts,takeeffectthenexttimetheinstanceispoweredon.
Updatestopolicyupdatefrequencypolicies,ifsettoOnlywhentheACEinstance
powerson,takeeffectthenexttimetheinstanceispoweredon.
SpecifywhethervirtualmachinesthatarenotACEinstancescanrunonthe
machine.Thisisahostwidepolicy,whichrequiresanadministratortoinstallthe
package.
SpecifythatonlyACEinstanceswithaspecificcreatorIDcanrunonthemachine.
YoucancontrolwhichvirtualmachinesandACEinstancescanberunonahostby
editingtheaceMaster.datfileinthevirtualmachinedirectory.
Beforeyoubegin,ifyouplantorunmultipleACEinstancesontheendusersmachine,
determinewhichACEenabledvirtualmachineyouwanttouseforsettinghostwide
policies.
To control which ACE instances run on a host
1
OntheadministratormachinewhereWorkstationisinstalled,poweroffandclose
theACEenabledvirtualmachine.
UseatexteditortoopentheaceMaster.datfilefortheACEenabledvirtual
machine.
Thisfileislocatedinthesamedirectoryastheconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)forthe
ACEenabledvirtualmachine.
(Optional)TospecifythatnonACEvirtualmachinescannotrunonthehost,find
theallowVMspropertyandchangeitfrom1to0.
FindtherequiredCreatorIDpropertyandsetittoanidentifier.
Forexample,tosettherequiredcreatorIDtocreator1,editthelineasfollows:
requiredCreatorID = "creator1"
YousetrequiredCreatorIDonceforeachhost.Youdonotneedtosetthis
propertyonotherACEinstancesthatrunonthesamehost.
Thisisahostwidepolicy,whichrequiresanadministratortoinstallthepackage.
422
VMware, Inc.
FindthecreatorIDpropertyandsetittothesameidentifier.
Forexample,tosetthecreatorIDtocreator1,editthelineasfollows:
creatorID = "creator1"
OnlyACEinstanceswiththiscreatorIDcanrunonthesamehost.
TheIDstringisinplaintextintheaceMaster.datfileontheadministrators
machine,butitishiddeninthepolicyfile.
IfyoupublishthepolicysetofanACEinstanceto
requiredCreator=yourPolicySettingandinstallitonahost,onlyyou(or
otherswithaccesstotheadministratorfiles)knowwhatthecreatorIDis.Without
knowingtherequiredCreatorpolicysetting,youcannotcreateyourownACE
instancethatcanrunonthehost.
6
Dooneofthefollowing:
IfyouarecreatinganewACEinstance,createapackageforthisACEenabled
virtualmachineandinstallitontheendusershost.
IfyouarecreatinganupdateforastandaloneACEinstance,createanupdate
package.
IfyouarecreatinganupdateforamanagedACEinstance,openthevirtual
machineandpublishthechangestoACEManagementServer.
ChangestotheallowVMspropertyortherequiredCreatorIDpropertyrepresent
changestohostwidepolicies.Packagesthatincludethesehostpoliciesrequire
administratorprivilegestoinstall.
7
(Optional)IfyouplantorunmultipleACEinstancesontheendusersmachine,do
thefollowing:
a
EdittheaceMaster.datfilefortheotherACEenabledvirtualmachinesand
setthecreatorIDpropertytothesamevaluethatyouusedinStep 5.
SetonlythecreatorIDpropertyandnottherequiredCreatorIDproperty
fortheseothervirtualmachines.
VMware, Inc.
RepeatStep 6.
423
Theexitcodeofascriptindicateswhetherthescriptsucceededorfailed.
Table 191describestheenvironmentvariablessetinthescriptexecutionenvironment.
Table 19-1. Environment Variables
Variable
Description
VMWARE_MASTER_ID
TheIDoftheACEenabledvirtualmachine(ACEmaster).
VMWARE_PACKAGE_ID
TheIDofthepackagethevirtualmachinewasinstantiated
from.
VMWARE_INSTANCE_ID
ABooleanvaluethatissettoTRUEthefirsttimethevirtual
machineispoweredon.Otherwise,itissettoFALSE.
AllscriptsruneachtimetheenduserstartsVMwarePlayerorresetsthevirtual
machine.Somemightrunmoreoften.Forexample,anexpirationscriptisrunevery24
hours.
ThesamplescriptspresentedinExamplesofPolicyScriptsonpage 425areinstalled
withVMwarePlayerinthefollowinglocation:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Player\Samples
Thetopicsthatfollowshowtheformatfortheoutputthatyourscriptsmustwritetothe
StdOutfiletocontrolvariouspolicies.
424
VMware, Inc.
Iftheuseristobegrantedaccesstothevirtualmachine,generatethedatausedto
createthekeyforthisuserandsenditasoutput.Thedatamustbeuniqueforeach
user.Ifaccessisgranted,theexitcodeis0.
Iftheuseristobedeniedaccesstothevirtualmachine,thescriptexitswitha
nonzeroexitcode.Thisisareferencetotheexitcode,nottheoutputvalue.
Theoutputofthescriptishashedtocreateakeytoencryptanddecryptvirtualmachine
files.Thefirsttimethisscriptisrun,theoutputishashedtoencryptthevirtualmachine.
Whenavirtualmachineisdecrypted,thescriptmustreturnthesamevalue.Ifthescript
returnsadifferentvalue,thevirtualmachineisnotdecryptedandtheuserseesanerror
message.
Thescriptmayreturnanyvalue.Toensurebestsecurity,avaluethatincludesonly
printablecharactersshouldbeatleast32byteslong.Forbinarydata,thevalueshould
beatleast16byteslongtoensureproperentropy.TheoutputissenttotheStdOutfile.
ThefollowingexampleiswritteninPerl.ItisinstalledbyWorkstationas
sample_auth.pl.CompileitwithaPerlinterpretertorunit.
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
VMware, Inc.
425
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
None.
Returns:
0 if successful (user is correctly authenticated).
-1 if TEST_USERNAME is not set, or the user is unrecognized.
Expected output:
Seed data for creating script authentication key on stdout.
Notes:
If the script returns success, its output will be used to create a key.
Therefore, it is important that the output of this script be unique for
each user, and that there is enough data to make a meaningful key (at
least 16 bytes).
my %user_map= ( 'charlie'
'kathy'
'beth'
'ernie'
'bert'
);
=>
=>
=>
=>
=>
'E1C4F612135B4D98A33B2C9BD595025D',
'C79AFFEF773D61225751C2566858DB08',
'05B169B439B26AAB2EA4F755B7E3800C',
'8CE63D4AA2068BD8AFF2D1B05F3495A5',
'"172B1619B2EFBE0E4F381AA1C428F049'
my $username = $ENV{TEST_USERNAME};
if (! defined $username) {
print "You should set the TEST_USERNAME environment variable.\n";
exit(-1);
}
my $key_seed = $user_map{$username};
if (! defined $key_seed) {
print "Unrecognized username.\n";
exit(-1);
}
print $key_seed;
exit(0);
426
VMware, Inc.
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
Description:
This sample script passes information defined on the host to the guest.
It assumes that the machine name is defined in the environment variable
TEST_MACHINENAME and that the asset tag is defined in the environment
variable TEST_ASSETTAG. (These are fictitious variables used for this # #
sample).
Input to script:
None.
Returns:
0 if successful.
Expected output:
Set of acceptable key/value pairs where the values are fetched from the
environment variables. These values can be retrieved from within the
Guest operating system using the VMware Tools.
my $machine_name = $ENV{TEST_MACHINENAME};
my $asset_tag = $ENV{TEST_ASSETTAG};
my $host_mac = $ENV{TEST_MACHINEMAC};
if (defined $machine_name) {
print "machine.id = " . $machine_name . "\n";
}
if (defined $asset_tag) {
print "guestinfo.assetTag = " . $asset_tag . "\n";
}
if (defined $host_mac) {
printf "guestinfo.mac = " . $host_mac . "\n";
}
exit(0);
VMware, Inc.
427
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
428
VMware, Inc.
Useatexteditortocreateaskinfilethatincludestheparameterstocustomize.
Useonelineforeachparameterandusethefollowingform:
<parameter> = "<value>"
Savetheskinfilewiththefilenameskin.txtintheACE Resourcesdirectoryin
thevirtualmachinedirectoryfortheACEenabledvirtualmachine.
Thefilenamemustbeskin.txt.
(Optional)TodisplayapplicationiconsotherthantheVMwarePlayericon,place
thenew.icoiconfilesintheACE Resourcesdirectory.
Foriconssizesandskinfileparameters,seeCustomizingtheVMwarePlayer
Iconsonpage 429.
InWorkstation,closetheACEenabledvirtualmachine.
UseatexteditortoopentheaceMaster.datfileinthevirtualmachinedirectory
andaddthefollowingline:
vmplayer.skin = "skin.txt"
BecausetheskinfileisintheACE Resourcesdirectory,youdonotneedtospecify
thedirectorypathtothefile.
6
SaveandclosetheaceMaster.datfile.
(Optional)Todeterminewhethertheparametersaresetcorrectly,previewthe
virtualmachineinVMwarePlayer.
SeeUsePreviewModetoTestPolicyandDeploymentSettingsonpage 448.
VMware, Inc.
429
Theiconsusedforthesepurposesmustbein.ico fileformatandlocatedintheACE
Resourcessubdirectoryinthevirtualmachinedirectory.Theapplicableparametersin
theskinfileincludethefollowing:
player.iconSmall = "<filename>"
player.iconLarge = "<filename>"
One.icofilecancontainmultipleiconsofdifferentsizes.Youcanspecifythesame
.icofileforplayer.iconSmallandplayer.iconLarge.VMwarePlayerextractsthe
iconoftheappropriatesizeforeachuse.
Type
Default
Controls
player.title.prefix
string
Titlebarprefix
player.title.useVMName
Boolean
TRUE
Whetherthevirtual
machinenameisdisplayed
player.title.suffix
string
Titlebarsuffix
player.title.font.face
string
MSShellDlg
Fontname(thefontmustbe
ontheuserscomputer)
player.title.font.size
integer
32
Pointsizeforthetext
VMware, Inc.
SettingsyoumakeintheskinfileoverrideanysettingstheusermakesintheVMware
Playerpreferencesdialogbox.
Usethefollowingparametertocontrolwhetherdevicesareshownastoolbaritems:
player.deviceBar.toplevel = [TRUE | FALSE]
SettheparametertoTRUEforatoolbarorFALSEforamenu.
UsetheparametersshowninTable 193tocustomizethedisplayforeachremovable
deviceconfiguredinthevirtualmachine.
Table 19-3. Removable Devices Parameters
Parameter
Type
Default
Controls
player.deviceBar.
string(text,icon,
texticon)
text
<deviceName>.buttonStyle
Appearanceoftoolbar
buttonormenuitem
player.deviceBar.
string
Userfriendly
devicename
Textthatappearsonthe
toolbarbuttonormenu
itemwhendeviceis
connected
string(optional)
Normalbuttontext
Textthatappearsonthe
toolbarbuttonormenu
itemwhendeviceis
disconnected
string
Textthatappearsinthe
tooltipwhendeviceis
connected
string(optional)
Normaltooltip
Textthatappearsinthe
tooltipwhendeviceis
disconnected
filename
Iconrepresenting
thistypeofdevice
Customiconfilewhen
deviceisconnected
filename(optional)
Normalicon
Customiconfilewhen
deviceisdisconnected
<deviceName>.buttonText
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>.buttonTextD
isconnected
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>.tooltip
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>.tooltipDisc
onnected
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>.icon
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>iconDisconne
cted
player.deviceBar.
<deviceName>.shortcutKey
VMware, Inc.
keySpec
Shortcutkeycombination
toswitchthedevice
betweenconnectedand
disconnected(see
ShortcutKeyValueson
page 432)
431
Followingarethedevicenamesyoucanusefor<deviceName>intheparametername:
floppy0,floppy1
serial0,serial1,serial2,serial3
parallel0,parallel1,parallel2
ide0:0,ide0:1,ide1:0,ide1:1(IDECDROMorharddrives)
scsi0:0scsi0:7(SCSICDROMorharddrives)
Modifier key
Value
Nomodifier
0x0
Alt
0x1
Ctrl
0x2
Shift
0x4
Ctrl+Alt
0x3
Alt+Shift
0x5
Ctrl+Shift
0x6
Ctrl+Alt+Shift
0x7
Whenyoulistakeyplusamodifier,typethevirtualkeycodeforthekeyfollowedby
acomma,followedbythevalueforthemodifierkeyorkeys.Forexample,thevalue
entryforCtrl+Shift+F1is0x70,0x6.
432
VMware, Inc.
Keepthefollowinglimitationsinmindwhendefiningshortcutkeys:
DonotusethePausekeywiththeCtrlkey.
IfyouuseF12,youmustuseoneormoremodifierkeys.YoucannotuseF12alone.
YoucannotusecombinationsthatincludeonlytheShift,Ctrl,andAltkeys.You
canusethesekeysonlyasmodifiersincombinationwithsomeotherkey.
VMware, Inc.
433
434
VMware, Inc.
20
20
ThischapterprovidesinstructionsforspecifyingdeploymentsettingsforACE
packages,creatingACEpackages,anddeployingpackagestoendusers.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
EditDeploymentSettingsonpage 435
ACEResourcesDirectoryonpage 446
ReviewtheConfigurationofanACEEnabledVirtualMachineonpage 447
UsePreviewModetoTestPolicyandDeploymentSettingsonpage 448
CreatingaPackageonpage 449
PerformanEndtoEndDeploymentTestonpage 455
DeployPackagesonpage 456
VMware, Inc.
435
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>Deployment
Settings.
Inthedeploymentsettingseditor,selectanitemintheSettinglist.
CompletethesettingspanelforthatdeploymentsettingandclickOKorselect
anothersettingtoedit.
Forassistancewiththefieldsonasettingspanel,clickHelp.
Encryption Settings
Encryptionsettingsareoftwotypes:
PackageprotectionProtectspackagefilesfrombeingcopiedoralteredwhilein
transit.IfyousetpackageprotectiontoEncrypted,theNewPackagewizard
encryptsthevirtualmachinewhenapackageiscreated.
InstanceprotectionProtectsACEinstancefilesfrombeingcopiedoralteredafter
installationandactivation.Youmustspecifyanauthenticationmethodifyouwant
theinstallertoencrypttheACEinstance.
Theactivationandauthenticationpoliciesyouchoosedeterminewhichdefault
encryptionsettingsareappliedtothepackageandfiles.SeeSettingAccessControl
Policiesonpage 391.VMwarerecommendsthesedefaultsettingsforproduction
environments.Thefilesdonotneedtobeencryptedwhenyoudeployapackageina
testenvironment.
NOTEIfyousettheencryptionsettingstoNone,anyverificationspecifiedinthe
resourcesigningpolicyisnotperformed.Theencryptionpackagesettingoverridesthe
resourcesigningpolicysetting.SeeSettingResourceSigningPoliciesonpage 401.
436
VMware, Inc.
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseView>CurrentView>
Summary.
ClickthePackagessectiontab.
Rightclickthepackageanddooneofthefollowing:
TochangethepackagelifetimesettingschooseProperties>Settings.
TodeactivatethepackageimmediatelychooseDeactivate.
AutomatestheSysprepprocess(theuseoftheMicrosoftSysprepdeployment
tools).ItgivesyoubettercontrolofsomeSysprepparameters,suchascomputer
name.
AutomatesjoiningACEinstancestoadomainfromaremotesite.SeeSetUpa
RemoteDomainJoinonpage 443.
FormanagedACEinstances,theinstancecustomizationprocessontheusers
machinereportsthesuccessorfailureoftheprocesstotheserver.Theinformation
isavailableintheinstanceviewofWorkstation.Besidesstatus,theprocessalso
reportstheMACaddressandthenewcomputername.
VMware, Inc.
437
AsnapshotoftheACEenabledvirtualmachineistakenandsaved.
TheACEenabledvirtualmachineispoweredon,andalltherequireddeployment
toolsandfiles,includingtheappropriateMicrosoftSyspreptools,arecopiedinto
theguest.
Thereisnovisibleindicationshowingthecopyingprocess.SeeDownloadthe
MicrosoftSysprepDeploymentToolsonpage 440.
TheMicrosoftdeploymenttoolsruninsidetheguestoperatingsystemtosealthe
guestandpreparefordeployment.
Theguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.
TheACEenabledvirtualmachineisclonedintothepackagedirectory.
Thevirtualmachinefilesarecopiedintothedirectory,encryptedifsettodoso,and
dividedtobeputonmediaifsettodoso.
TheACEenabledvirtualmachinerevertstothesnapshot.
Thesnapshotisdeleted.
Theinstallerfilesarecopiedintothepackagedirectory.
Allinformationrequiredforresolvingplaceholdervariablesisobtained.
PlaceholdervariablesareresolvedandreplacedwiththeactualvaluesfortheACE
instance.
SeePlaceholderValuestoUseinInstanceCustomizationonpage 442.
TheMicrosoftMiniSetupprocessrunsunattended.
IftheMiniSetupprocessfails,theACEinstanceshutsdown.
438
(Optional)Additionalcommandstoexecuteotherscriptsthatyouspecifiedinthe
instancecustomizationdeploymentsettingsareexecuted.
VMware, Inc.
(Optional)Ifyouconfiguredaremotedomainjoin,thesoftwareexecutesthescript
youspecified,connectstheACEinstancetotheVPNserver,andjoinsthevirtual
machinetothedomain.
SeeSetUpaRemoteDomainJoinonpage 443.
Formanagedinstances,instancecustomizationisreportedtotheserverifitis
successful.
InstallaWindows2000,32bitor64bitXPProfessional,Server2003,Vista,or7
guestoperatingsystemonanACEenabledvirtualmachine.
InstallthelatestversionofVMwareToolsontheguestoperatingsystem.See
InstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.
DownloadtheMicrosoftSyspreptools.SeeDownloadtheMicrosoftSysprep
DeploymentToolsonpage 440.
Gatherthefollowinginformation:
VMware, Inc.
TheWindowsproductIDfortheguestoperatingsysteminstallation.
IftheACEinstancewillbejoinedtoadomain(whethertheinstanceislocalor
remotetothedomain),theusernameandpasswordforanaccountthathas
permissiontoaddcomputerstothedomain.
RemotedomainjoinparametersifaremoteACEinstancewillbejoinedtoa
domain.SeeSetUpaRemoteDomainJoinonpage 443.
439
GototheMicrosoftWebsiteandsearchforSysprepdeploymenttools.
FollowtheinstructionsonthesitefordownloadingtheSysprepdeploymenttools.
Downloadallversionsthatcorrespondtotheguestoperatingsystemsthatyou
plantodeploy.ThesetoolsincludeSysprepdeploymenttoolsforWindows2000,
Windows2003,andWindowsXPProfessionalSP1andSP2.TheSP1versionworks
withWindowsXPProfessionalwithnoservicepackandWindowsXPProfessional
SP1.
Unzipthefilesintothecorrespondingversionspecificdirectoryinthe
Resources\SysprepToolsdirectory.
Forexample,forWindowsXPSP3,unzipthefilesto:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\Resources\SysprepTools\xpsp3
440
SelecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>Deployment
Settings.
SelectInstanceCustomizationandcompletethesettingspanel.
VMware, Inc.
SelectSystemOptionsandcompletethesettingspanel.
Usethefollowinginformationtocompletethefields:
SystemoptionsYoucanuseplaceholdervariablesforthesystemname,
organizationname,andcomputername.Fordetailsontheplaceholder
variables,includinganexample,seePlaceholderValuestoUseinInstance
Customizationonpage 442.
CAUTIONTheMiniSetupprocessfailsifyouenteradministratorinthe
NamefieldortheComputerNamefieldorforWindowsVistaandWindows
7guests,ifthecomputernameismorethan15characters.
Ifyousetthe%logon_user%placeholderinthosefieldsandtheplaceholder
variableresolvestoadministrator,thesoftwareautomaticallychangesthe
valuetoarandomalphanumericstringof10characters.
SecurityIDAnewSIDisalwaysgeneratedforWindowsVistaand
Windows7guests,regardlessofthesettingyouchoosehere.
SelectInitializationScriptsandtypetheadditionalcommandstorunscriptsinthe
guestoperatingsystemattheendoftheMiniSetupprocessontheACEusers
machine.
Formoreinformationaboutcommands,seetheMicrosoftdeploymenttools
documentation.
Specifythepathtothebatchfilewithoutusingquotationmarks.Quotationmarks
areaddedautomatically.Formoreinformation,seetheMicrosoftknowledgebase
articleabouttroubleshootingCmdlines.textduringanunattendedsetup.
SelectWorkgrouporDomainandcompletethesettingspanelusingthefollowing
information:
InstancecustomizationsupportsonlyIPaddressesthatDHCPservers
provide.StaticIPaddressesarenotsupported.
ToallowthisACEinstancetojointhedomainfromalocationremotetothe
domain,seeSetUpaRemoteDomainJoinonpage 443.
SpecifyothertypesofdeploymentsettingsorclickOK.
Tocreateapackagewiththesesettings,seeCreatingaPackageonpage 449.
VMware, Inc.
441
%logon_user%or%logon_user(n)% Theuserloggedintothehostmachineat
thetimetheMicrosoftMiniSetupprocessbegins.
Youcanuse%logon_user(n)%,where<n>isthemaximumnumberofcharacters
obtainedfromtheactualloggedinuserwhenthenameisresolved.Use<n>ifyou
theusernamemustberesolvedtonomorethanacertainnumberofcharacters.
Forexample,ifyouspecifythat3randomcharactersaretobeaddedtotheactual
usernameandyouwanttolimittheresolvednameto15characters,set<n>to12.
YourentryintheNamefieldintheSystemOptionspanelis
%logon_user(12)%%random_alpha_digit(3)%.
Including(n)intheplaceholderisoptional.Ifyouuseonly%logon_user% orif
youset<n>tozero(0),theplaceholderresolvestothefullloggedinusername.
%random_alpha_digit(n)%Arandomlygeneratedstringoflettersand
numbers,where<n>isthenumberofcharacters.Youmustspecify<n>.
%random_alpha(n)%Arandomlygeneratedstringofletters,where<n>isthe
numberofcharacters.Youmustspecify<n>.
%random_digit(n)%Arandomlygeneratedstringofnumericcharacters,where
<n>isthenumberofcharacters.Youmustspecify<n>.
ForWindowsVistaandWindows7guests,ifthecomputernameismorethan15
characters,theMiniSetupprocessfailsontheusermachine.
442
VMware, Inc.
Useatexteditortocreateafilenamedsysprep_license.txtinthevirtual
machinedirectoryfortheACEenabledvirtualmachine.
Addthefollowinglinetothefile:
AutoMode=[PerSeat | PerServer]
Thislineindicateswhetherthelicenseisforoneclientlicenseorforacertain
numberofclientlicensesforaserver.
3
IfAutoModeissettoPerServer,addthefollowinglinetothefile,where<n>
indicatesthenumberofclientlicensesfortheserver:
AutoUsers=<n>
Saveandclosethefile.
Formoreinformation,gototheMicrosoftTechNetWebsiteandintheWindowsServer
Library,searchfor[LicenseFilePrintData](Sysprep).
Ifthisfileisnotfoundinthevirtualmachinedirectory,adefaultisused.AutoModeis
settoPerServerwith5clientlicenses.
Ifyousupplythisfile,thelicenseportionoftheMiniSetupprocessappearsunchanged
duringpreview.YoualwaysseeAutoMode=PerServerandAutoUsers=5inthe
MiniSetupuserinterface.Thelicenseinformationyousupplyisneverthelessset
correctlybytheMiniSetupprocess.
VMware, Inc.
443
Beforeyoubegin,performthefollowingtasks:
DeterminewhichVPNclienttodownload.TheVPNclientmustsupporta
commandlineinterfacesothatascriptcanbeusedforloggingintotheVPN
server.YoumightneedtocontacttheVPNproductstechnicalsupporttofindout
whethertheVPNclientsupportsacommandlineinterface.
ObtainaVPNaccountforloggingintotheserver.Credentialsincludeausername
andpassword.Randomlygeneratedsecuritytokenscannotbeusedaspasswords.
Forexample,youcannotuseanRSAsecuritytoken.
DeterminethefollowinginformationtousefortheVPNclientprofile:the
companysgroupandpasswordinformationandthenameoftheVPNserverto
contacttoestablishasecureconnection.
DeterminethenameofthedomainthatyouplantoaddtheACEinstanceto.
Determinetheusernameandpasswordforanaccountthathaspermissiontoadd
computerstothedomain.
IntheguestoperatingsystemoftheACEenabledvirtualmachine,installaVPN
clientthatsupportsacommandlineinterface.
UsetheVPNclientsoftwaretoconfigureaprofileforthisclient.
TheprofileintheVPNclientcontainsacompanysgroupandpassword
informationanddetermineswhichservertocontacttoestablishasecure
connection.
Writea.batscriptthatallowsremoteexecutionduringtheinstancecustomization
process.
Followingisanexampleofa.batscriptforaCiscoVPNclient:
"net" start "Cisco Systems, Inc. VPN Service"
"C:\Program Files\Cisco Systems\VPN Client\vpnclient.exe" connect
<profile_name> user <vpn_user_name> pwd %1 >> vpnlogs.txt
Thisexampleconsistsoftwolines.ThecommandinthefirstlinestartstheCisco
VPNclientsbackgroundservice.Thecommandinthesecondlineconnectstothe
CiscoVPNusingacommandlineinterface.ItsuppliesthenameoftheVPNprofile
andthecredentialsforloggingintotheVPNserver.Theexampleusesthe
passwordplaceholdervariable,butyoucouldalsouseastaticpasswordforthe
VPNaccount.Astaticpasswordincludedinascriptissentincleartext.
444
VMware, Inc.
Savethe.batfileontheC:driveoftheguestsfilesystem.
InWorkstation,selecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineandchooseVM>ACE>
DeploymentSettings.
SelectWorkgrouporDomain.
Inthesettingspanel,selectDomainandspecifyanorganizationalunitanduser
nameforanaccountthathaspermissiontoaddcomputerstothedomain.
AnexampleofanentryintheOUfullpathfileis
OU=orgunits,DC=dpt,DC=domain,DC=com.
IftheACEenabledvirtualmachineismanaged,passwordsandcommandsare
storedonACEManagementServer.
IftheACEenabledvirtualmachineisstandalone,passwordsandcommandsare
storedwiththepackage.Besuretouseencryptionforthepackage.
SelectEnableRemoteDomainJoin.
SpecifythepasswordforloggingintotheVPNserver.
Youcanthenusethe%password%placeholdervariableintheCommandtextbox
torefertothispassword.
10
Enterthecommandthatexecutesthescript.
Forexample,ifyounamethe.batscriptvpn.batandwanttousethepassword
placeholdervariable,enterthefollowingcommand:
C:\vpn.bat%password%
Ifyouuseapasswordplaceholdervariable(%password%)intheCommandfield,
theplaceholdervariableisresolvedandreplacedwiththevaluefromthe
Passwordfieldwhenthescriptexecutes.
11 ClickOK.
Tocreateapackagewiththesesettings,seeCreatingaPackageonpage 449.
VMware, Inc.
445
ThecustomEULAmustbeatextfilelocatedintheACE Resourcesdirectoryforthe
ACEenabledvirtualmachine.Thefilecanusethefollowingformats:
ForWindowshosts,usea.txtor.rtffile.
ForLinuxhosts,usea.txtfile.
IfyouplantodeploythepackagetobothWindowsandLinuxcomputers,usea
.txtfile.
TospecifywhethertodeploytoWindowshosts,Linuxhosts,orboth,usethe
DeploymentPlatformsettinginthedeploymentsettingseditor.
Authenticationscripts
SeeUsinganAuthenticationScriptonpage 394.
Poweronandpoweroffscripts
SeeIncludeaPowerOnandPowerOffScriptinthePackageonpage 394.
Otherresourcefilesthatauthentication,poweron,orpoweroffscriptscall
DevicefilessuchasISOimagesorFLPimagesthatthevirtualmachineis
configuredtopointto
Theskinfile,whichyoucancreatetocustomizetheVMwarePlayericons,
removabledeviceicons,andtitlebartextusedintheVMwarePlayeruserinterface
onWindowsguests
SeeCreateandSpecifyaSkinFileonpage 428.
446
VMware, Inc.
IconfilesforremovabledevicesortheVMwarePlayerapplication
SeeCustomizingtheVMwarePlayerIconsonpage 429andCustomizingthe
RemovableDeviceDisplayonpage 430.
CustomEULAs
SeeCustomEULASettingsonpage 445.
WhenyouusetheACE Resourcesdirectory,takethefollowingconsiderationsinto
account:
DonotplacefilesinasubdirectoryoftheACE Resourcesdirectory.Ifscriptsor
skinfilesreferenceotherfiles,placethoseotherfilesinthemainACE Resources
directory.Makesurethescriptusesrelativepathstoreferencethoseresources.
AresourceisconsideredanyfileintheACE Resourcesdirectory.Youcanspecify
whethertoverifyallfilesintheACE Resourcesdirectoryorjustthepolicyscripts
inthatdirectory.Formoreinformation,seeSettingResourceSigningPolicieson
page 401.
IfyouchangeapolicyorpackagesettingthatrequirestheACE Resources
directory,youmustcreateanupdatepackagetodeploythechangetoendusers.
VerifythattheACEenabledvirtualmachinehasthenecessaryoperatingsystem,
applicationsoftware,andVMwareToolsinstalled.
SeeInstallingVMwareToolsonpage 104.Forguestoperatingsystemsupport,
knownissues,andinstallationinstructions,seetheonlineVMwareCompatibility
Guide.GototheVMwareWebsiteandselectResources>CompatibilityGuides,
andclicktheViewtheGuest/HostOStabontheVMwareCompatibilityGuide
Websitelink.
Toreviewconfigurationsettings,selecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineand
chooseView>CurrentView>Summary.
Toreviewvirtualmachinedevicesandvirtualhardware,clicktheDevicestabin
thesummaryview.
VMware, Inc.
447
Toreviewvirtualmachineconfigurationoptions,clicktheOptionstab.
Tomakechangestodevicesoroptions,clickEditvirtualmachinesettingsinthe
Commandslist.
Toreviewpoliciesanddeploymentsettings,clicktheACEtab.
Tomakechangestopoliciesordeploymentsettings,clickEditpoliciesorEdit
deploymentsettingsintheCommandslist.
448
OpentheACEenabledvirtualmachinetotest.
Inthesummaryview,clickEditpoliciesintheCommandslist.
InthePolicylist,selectthepolicytochange,completethesettingspanelforthat
policy,andclickOK.
VMware, Inc.
Inthesummaryview,clickthePreviewinPlayerintheCommandslist.
Apackagebasedonalinkedcloneiscreatedinanewdirectory,Preview
Deployment,insidetheACEenabledvirtualmachinesdirectory.Thelinkedclone
iscreatedfromasnapshotofthevirtualmachinescurrentstate.Unlikeapackage
thatisdeployedtoanACEusersmachine,thispackageisnotinstalled.
VMwarePlayerallowsyoutoactivateandauthenticatetheACEinstance(ifthose
policiesareset).Ifconfigured,instancecustomizationisalsoperformed.Theguest
operatingsystemstarts.
TestthepolicychangeintherunningACEinstancetoensurethatitistheoneyou
wanttomake.
PreviewmodeenablesVMwarePlayertoruninteractivelysothatyoucanseeany
instancecustomizationerrorsandmakecorrectionsasneeded.
(Optional)Tomakeadditionalchangestopoliciesordeploymentsettings,shut
downthevirtualmachineandrepeatthisprocedure.
YoucanhaveonlyonepreviewinstanceperACEenabledvirtualmachine.When
youclickPreviewinPlayerasecondorsubsequenttime,amessageasksifyou
wanttoreplacethecurrentpreviewinstancewithanewdeploymentorusethe
existingdeployment.
Tochangeonlypoliciesandnotrepeattheactivationandinstancecustomization
steps,usetheexistingdeployment.
IfACEManagementServerismanagingthevirtualmachine,clickPublish
PoliciestoServer.
Creating a Package
AfteryoucreateanACEenabledvirtualmachineandconfigurepolicies,devices,and
deploymentsettings,usetheNewPackagewizardtocreateapackagethatyoucan
deploytousers.
NOTETocreateaPocketACEpackagefordistributiononportabledevices,usethe
PocketACEPackagewizardratherthantheNewPackagewizard.SeeCreateaPocket
ACEPackageonpage 460.
ForpackagesthatyouplantodeploytoWindowshosts,youcanspecifythatthe
packagebedistributedthroughanetworkimageorthroughDVDsorCDs.ForDVD
andCDdistribution,thepackageisdividedintofilesthatfitonstandarddiscs.
VMware, Inc.
449
FullIncludesaninstallerandtheadditionalfilesneededtoinstallanACE
packageandtheVMwarePlayerapplicationthatrunstheACEinstance.Afull
packageallowsyoutocreateacompletelynewACEinstance.
CAUTIONIfyoureplaceanexistingACEinstancebysupplyinganewfull
package,endusersloseanydataorcustomsettingsstoredintheolderACE
instance.
PolicyUpdateorServerUpdateIncludesjustthepolicyrelatedfiles.
ForstandaloneACEenabledvirtualmachines,theoptionisPolicyUpdate.
Formanagedvirtualmachines,theoptionisServerUpdate.
Amongotherpolicies,aserverupdatepackageallowsyoutochangethe
serverthattheACEenabledvirtualmachineisassociatedwithorchangean
activationonlyserversetuptoanactivationandtrackingsetup.
CustomAllowsyoutochoosespecificitemstodeploy.
PocketACEThecomponentsforaPocketACEpackagevaryslightlyfromthose
forthefullpackage.ForinformationaboutthePocketACEpackage,seeCreatea
PocketACEPackageonpage 460.
ThedeploymentsettingsanddevicesettingsthatyoualreadysetforanACEenabled
virtualmachineallowyoutocreatemultiplepackagesquickly.Youcanusethesame
settingsagainandagain.
PackagevalidationoccursafteryoucompletetheNewPackagewizard.Package
validationdoesthefollowing:
ChecksthatallfilesthattheACEenabledvirtualmachinerequiresarepresent.
Thosefilesinclude:
Diskandsnapshotfiles
Scriptfiles(ifanypolicyisusingscripts)
NOTEPackagevalidationdoesnotcheckfordevicefiles(ISOimages,FLPimages,
andsoon).Toincludedevicefilesinthepackage,putthefilesintheACE
ResourcesfolderfortheACEenabledvirtualmachineandsetthedevicestopoint
tothatlocation.
450
VMware, Inc.
ChecksthattheACEenabledvirtualmachinecanbecloned:thatitispoweredoff,
multiplesnapshotsareenabled,anditisnotreadonly.
ChecksthatthelatestversionofVMwareToolsisinstalled.
Ifinstancecustomizationisenabled,checksthattheSysprepToolsdirectoryfor
theACEenabledvirtualmachinesguestoperatingsystemisnotempty.
IftheguestoperatingsystemisWindows2000,WindowsXP,orWindows2003,
checksthatthefoldersintheProgram Files\VMware\VMware
Workstation\Resources\SysprepToolsfolderarenotempty.
YoucandeployapackageoveranetworkoronDVDorCD.Ifyoudeploythepackage
ondiscs,thefirstdiscofthesetincludestheAutorunfilesneededtostarttheinstaller
automaticallywhentheuserinsertsthediscinthehostcomputersdrive.
CloseWorkstation.
Useatexteditortoopenthepreferences.inifile,whichislocatedinthe
followingdirectory:
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7:
C:\Users\<test>\AppData\Roaming\VMware
Addthefollowinglinetothefile:
pref.ignoreToolsPkgCheck = "TRUE"
SettingthislinetoFALSEreinstatestheVMwareToolscheck.
3
Saveandclosethepreferences.ini file.
Beforeyoucreatepackagesthatyouplantodeployinproductionenvironments,
reinstatetheVMwareToolscheck.
VMware, Inc.
451
EnsurethattheguestoperatingsystemandthemostrecentversionofVMware
ToolsareinstalledintheACEenabledvirtualmachine.SeeInstallingVMware
Toolsonpage 104.
Defragmentvirtualdiskstoensurethatthepackageisascompactaspossible.See
DefragmentVirtualDisksonpage 239.
PreviewtheACEinstancetoverifythatallsettingsareworkingcorrectly.SeeUse
PreviewModetoTestPolicyandDeploymentSettingsonpage 448.
Determinethepasswordsusedforthepoliciesanddeploymentsettings.Thesecan
includethefollowing:
ActivationpasswordAccesscontrolpolicyissettoPassword.
DomainjoincredentialsAccesscontrolpolicyfortheACEinstanceissetto
Password,andtheInstanceCustomizationdeploymentsettingforDomain
isenabled.Thispasswordisfortheuseraccountthathaspermissiontoadd
computerstothisdomain.
RemotedomainjoincredentialsandVPNcredentialsTheInstance
CustomizationdeploymentsettingsforDomainandEnableremotedomain
joinareenabled.Thedomainpasswordisfortheuseraccountthathas
permissiontoaddcomputerstothisdomain.ThepasswordintheRemote
domainjoinsectionisfortheuseraccountthathaspermissiontoaccessthe
VPNserver.
Verifythatyouhaveenoughdiskspacefortemporaryfilescreatedduring
packaging.Youmusthavetwicethecombinedsizesofallthecomponentsofthe
package.
Thewizarddisplaysinformationabouttheamountofspaceneededandthe
locationswherethespaceisneeded.Ifyoudonothaveenoughfreespace,youcan
moveordeletefilesonthetargetdrivestomakeroomforthewizardsworking
files.
452
Determinethetypeofpackageyouwanttodeploy:full,update,orcustom.See
OverviewofPackageCreationandValidationonpage 450.
TodistributethepackageonDVDsorCDs,determinehowmuchdiskspaceis
available.Youcanthenspecifythemaximumfilesizeusedwhenthepackageis
dividedintomultiplefiles.
VMware, Inc.
Touseinstancecustomization,verifythatthefollowingprerequisitesaresatisfied:
MakesurethattheguestoperatingsystemisWindowsXP,Windows2000,or
WindowsServer2003,WindowsVista,orWindows7.
CopytheMicrosoftSysprepDeploymentToolsintothecorrectfolderforthe
virtualmachine.SeeDownloadtheMicrosoftSysprepDeploymentToolson
page 440.
Ifthesetoolsarenotavailable,thepackagingoperationfails.Thefailuremightnot
occuruntilwellintothepackagingprocessandmightcauseyoutolosesubstantial
time.
Usepreviewmodetotestwhetherinstancecustomizationrunsunattended.
For example,verifythatavalidWindowsproductIDisusedsothatnodialogbox
promptsfortheproductIDduringtheMiniSetupprocess.
Ifyouconfiguredautomaticlogin,usepreviewmodetoverifythatautomaticlogin
workscorrectly.Ifitfails,instancecustomizationfails.
OpentheACEenabledvirtualmachinetouseasthebasisforthepackage.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoffratherthansuspended.
Whenyouexitpreviewmode,bydefaultVMwarePlayersuspendsthevirtual
machine.Ifnecessary,useWorkstationtopoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>ACE>NewPackage.
CompletetheNewPackagewizard.
(Optional)Ifyouarepromptedtoselectapackagedistributionformatandyou
selectMultiplefoldersforcreatingDVDsorCDs,writedownthedisclabelprefix
youspecify.
Whenyoulaterusediscburningsoftwaretocreatethediscs,thenameyouenter
foreachdiscmustbethesameasthenameofthefolderthewizardcreatestohold
thatdiscscontents(forexample,DISC1,DISC2).
VMware, Inc.
453
Tobeginthepackagingprocess,clickNextonthePackageSummarypage.
Packagecreationtakesasubstantialamountoftime,especiallyforpackagesthat
includelargevirtualmachinesorinstancecustomizationsettings.
Duringtheinstancecustomizationstage,iftheguestoperatingsystemdoesnot
shutdownafterapproximately10minutes,theproblemmightbethattheSysprep
toolswerenotinplace.Theoperationiscancelledandanerrormessagetellsyou
thatinstancecustomizationfailed.
ThePackageCreationCompletepageappearswhentheprocessiscomplete.Itlists
thelocationofthenewlycreatedpackageandprovidesalinktothepackage
directory.
Dependingonwhichdistributionmethodyouchose,dooneofthefollowing:
Ifyoucreatedasinglefilefornetworkdistribution,copythefiletothe
appropriatelocationonanetwork.
IfyoucreatedoneormorefilesfordistributiononCDorDVD,use
discburningsoftwaretocreatethediscs.Followtheseguidelines:
Thedisclabelyouenterinyourdiscburningsoftwareforeachdiscmust
bethesameasthenameofthefolderthewizardcreatestoholdthatdiscs
contents.
Burnthecontentsofeachdiscontothetoplevelofthedisc.
Thepackageinstallerexpectstofindonlythecontentsofthefolder,and
notthefolderitself,attherootlevelonthedisc.Ifyouburnthefolder
itselfontothedisc,whenyouattempttoinstallthecontentsofthesecond
orsubsequentdiscsontheusersmachine,theerror1309,Error
reading from file <filename>,appears.
454
OpentheACEenabledvirtualmachine.
ChooseView>CurrentView>Summary.
VMware, Inc.
OnthePackagestab,doubleclickthepackagename.
InthePackagePropertiesdialogbox,clickthetabstoviewtheproperties.
ClicktheNotestabtoaddoreditnotes.
Existingnotesmighthavebeenaddedwhenthepackagewascreatedusingthe
NewPackagewizard.Thesenotesarenotbeseenbyendusers.Theyarevisible
onlyintheWorkstationwindow.
IfyouusetheACEManagementServer,selecttheACEenabledvirtualmachine,
chooseFile>ConnecttoACEManagementServer,andconnecttothetestserver.
Inthevirtualmachinessummaryview,clickCreatenewpackageinthe
Commandslist.
CompletetheNewPackagewizard.
Navigatetothepackagelocationandcopythepackagedirectorytoaclienttest
machine.
Ontheclienttestmachine,runtheACEinstancessetup.exefileandcompletethe
pagesoftheinstallationwizard.
VMware, Inc.
455
StarttheACEinstanceandactivateitwhenprompted.
Dependingonhowyouconfiguredthepackage,aStartmenuitemoradesktop
shortcutorbotharecreatedontheclientmachine.Dependingontheruntime
preferencesyouset,theACEinstancemightstartinfullscreenmodewhenthe
hostsystemstarts.
VerifythattheACEinstanceisconfiguredasyouintendedandrunsasyouexpect.
IfyouuseACEManagementServer,connecttheACEenabledvirtualmachineto
theproductionserver.
Ontheadministratormachine,inWorkstation,selecttheACEenabledvirtual
machineandchooseFile>ConnecttoACEManagementServer,andconnectto
theproductionserver.
IfyouuseACEManagementServer,createanewpackage.
Thepackageyoucreatedforthetestreferstotheserveryouusedfortesting.
Instancescreatedfromthatpackagerefertothetestserver.
Deploy Packages
DeployingpackagesmeansmakingtheACEpackageavailabletoendusers.You
specifythedistributionmethodwhenyoucreatethepackage.
To deploy packages
Dependingonthetypeofpackage,dooneofthefollowing:
456
Forafull,policyupdate,serverupdate,orcustompackage,distributethepackage
onCDorDVD,ormakethepackageavailableonanetwork.
ForaPocketACEpackage,seeDeployingtheACEPackageonaPortableDevice
onpage 461.
VMware, Inc.
21
Pocket ACE
21
ThePocketACEfeatureenablesyoutostoreACEinstancesonportabledevicessuchas
USBkeys(flashmemorydrives),AppleiPodmobiledigitaldevices,andportablehard
drives.ACEusersattachtheseportabledevicestox86hostcomputers,runtheirACE
instanceswithVMwarePlayer,andthendetachtheportabledevices.Thenexttime
theyneedaccesstotheirACEinstances,theycanattachthedevicestothesamehost
computersortodifferentcomputers.
UsePocketACEtopackageadailycomputingenvironmentandallowenduserstotake
thatenvironmentincludingdocuments,settings,applications,andVPN
accesswherevertheyneedtogo.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UseCasesforPocketACEonpage 458
PortableDeviceRequirementsonpage 459
PoliciesandDeploymentSettingsforPocketACEonpage 460
CreateaPocketACEPackageonpage 460
DeployingtheACEPackageonaPortableDeviceonpage 461
RunthePocketACEInstanceonpage 463
VMware, Inc.
457
ProvidingaccesstoemployeesworkingremotelyEmployeesoftenusetheir
ownhomecomputerforaccessingenterpriseresourcesremotely.Unmanaged
clientscanbeinfectedbymalwareorspyware.Inaddition,thereisariskoflost
dataifaremoteuserdownloadssensitivedatatoapersonalcomputer.Thereis
alsotheaddedburdenofdeployingandmanagingthesoftwareneededbyremote
users.
UsingPocketACE,ITadministratorscandeployatrusted,managed,andmore
securevirtualdesktopinstancetoremoteusers.ThevirtualdiskofthePocketACE
canbeencryptedtominimizetheriskoflostdata.Bysettingspecificnetwork
quarantinepolicies,administratorscanstrictlycontroltrafficbetweenthe
untrustedclientandPocketACEinstance,protectingtheenterprisefromcreating
acompromisedhost.
IncreasingthesecurityandmobilityofmobileusersMobileusersoftenaccess
orcarrysensitivedataoutsidetheenterpriseusinglaptopsorothermobiledevices.
ThequestionforITorganizationsisnotif,butwhen,amobileuserslaptopwillbe
lostorstolen,leadingtothelossofsensitiveorconfidentialdata.
UsingPocketACEtodeployadesktopenvironmenttomobileusers,IT
administratorscanreducetheriskoflostdatawhilealsoincreasingusersmobility
becausePocketACEinstancecanbeusedwithanysupportedx86system.A
desktopinstancewithanencrypteddiskcanbedeployedtomobileusers.Using
ACEManagementServer,alostorstolenPocketACEcanbedisabledremotely.
Providingtemporaryaccesstocontractworkersusinguntrustedhosts
Contractorsandbusinesspartnersoftenconnecttotheenterprisenetworkfrom
unknownoruntrustedclients.PocketACEcanbeusedtoprovideastandardized,
trusted,andmanagedenvironmenttotheseuserswhileenablingsafeconnectivity
toenterpriseresources.
Forcontractors,thePocketACEinstancecanbeconfiguredtobeavailableonly
duringthelengthofthecontract.Whentheexpirationdateisreached,the
contractorcannolongerusethePocketACEinstance.
458
VMware, Inc.
ProvidingaccesstooffshoreoutsourcepartnersTypically,offshorepartners
manageandownthedesktopsystemstheyuse.Becausetheseresourcesareowned
byanoutsideorganization,theydonotfallunderstandardITpolicy.Insome
cases,desktopsystemsarepurchased,imaged,andshippedtoanoffshorepartner
foraccessingtheenterprise.Thisisoftenalengthyandcostlyprocess.
WithPocketACE,ITadministratorscaneasilydeployatrusted,managed,and
moresecurevirtualdesktopinstancetooffshorepartners.Thevirtualdesktop
instancescanbedistributedusingportablemediaordownload.Securityfeatures
includethedataencryptionfeatureandthenetworkquarantineandrestriction
featuresalreadymentioned.
ProvidingdisasterrecoveryUsingPocketACE,organizationscaneasilypackage
desktopinstanceswithallthenecessaryenterpriseapplicationsforuseinthecase
ofadisaster.Theseinstancescanbedeployedtoportablemediadevicesandstored
safelyinasecureoffsitefacility.Ifadisasteroccurs,thePocketACEinstancescan
bequicklydistributedandused.
DistributingbetaortrialsoftwareUsingPocketACE,ISVscandistribute
softwarepreinstalledasavirtualapplianceeitherbydownloadoronaportable
mediadevice.AnISVcanprovideacompleteworkingenvironment,ensuringno
compatibilityissues.CustomEULAscanbecreatedandusedtoensurethatauser
acceptstheagreementpriortousinganACEinstance.Inaddition,anexpiration
periodcanbesetthatdisablesanACEinstanceafteranallottedperiodoftime.
Flashmemorydrives(USBkeys)
FlashbasedAppleiPodmobiledigitaldevices
HarddrivebasedAppleiPodmobiledigitaldevices
Portableharddrives
ForUSBdevices,useUSB2highspeeddevicesonly.
WhenaPocketACEpackageisdeployedtoaremovabledevice,thevirtualdiskis
preallocatedtofullcapacityforenhancedperformance.Makesurethattheremovable
devicehasenoughdiskspacetostorethevirtualdiskstotalcapacity,memory,and
approximately300MBforoverhead.SeeUsetheNewVirtualMachineWizardon
page 89.
VMware, Inc.
459
Makesuretheportabledevicemeetsthehardwareanddiskspacerequirementsfor
PocketACE.SeePortableDeviceRequirementsonpage 459.
DeterminewhetheryouwanttodeploythePocketACEtoWindowsmachines,
32bitLinuxmachines,64bitLinuxmachines,orsomecombination.Yourchoices
affectthediskspacerequirements.
Determinethepasswordyouwanttouseforanyonewhoattemptstodeploythe
packagetoaportabledevice.
Ifyoudonotwanttorequireapassword,makesuretheaccesscontrolpolicys
authenticationtypeissettoNone.Makesuretheencryptiondeploymentsetting
forpackageprotectionissettoNone.
Inaddition,completethetaskslistedinPrerequisitesforUsingthePackaging
Wizardsonpage 452.
To create a Pocket ACE package
1
OpentheACEenabledvirtualmachinetouseasthebasisforthepackage.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoffratherthansuspended.
Whenyouexitpreviewmode,bydefaultVMwarePlayersuspendsthevirtual
machine.Ifnecessary,useWorkstationtopoweroffthevirtualmachine.
460
VMware, Inc.
TocreateanewPocketACEoranupdatepackage,chooseVM>ACE>New
PocketACEPackage.
Completethewizard.
WhenyouspecifyalocationontheNamethePackagepage,choosealocationon
theadministratormachine.Donotspecifyalocationontheportabledevice.You
deploythepackagetothedeviceafterthepackageiscreated.
TheCompletingthePocketACEPackageWizardpageappearswhentheprocess
iscomplete.
(Optional)Todeploythepackageimmediately,selectDeploytoaportabledevice
now.
Ifyoudonotdeploythepackageimmediately,seeDeployingtheACEPackageona
PortableDevice.
NavigatetothepackagelocationyouspecifiedintheNewPocketACEPackage
wizard.
Doubleclickthedeploy.exe file.
VMware, Inc.
461
IftheEnterPassworddialogboxappears,enterthedeploymentpassword.
CompletetheVMwarePocketACEDeployUtilitydialogboxandclickDeploy.
WhenyoudistributethePocketACE,giveitdirectlytotheuserandtelltheusertokeep
thePocketACEsecureuntiltheuserrunstheACEandchangestheuserpassword.
Openacommandpromptandchangedirectoriestothepackagelocationyou
specifiedintheNewPocketACEPackagewizard.
Forexample,enterthefollowingcommand:
cd C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\My Documents\
Virtual Machines\ACE-Enabled Virtual Machine\Packages\Pocket ACE Package
Enterthefollowingbulkdeploymentcommandandspecifythenecessary
parameters:
bulkDeploy.exe <deployment_directory> <parameters>
The<deployment_directory>valuecanspecifyaremovabledriveoracustom
folder.
Table 21-1. Deployment Commands
462
Parameter
Usage
-p
Deploymentpassword.Requiredwhenthepackageispasswordprotected.
-s
Pathtothe.vmxfileonthehost.Usethisparameteronlyifyouusea
bulkDeploy.exefilethatisnotlocatedinsidethesamePocketACE
packageasthe.vmxfileyouwanttodeploy.
VMware, Inc.
Usage
-q
Parametertoturnoffreportingtheprogressofthebulkdeployment.
-t
PerformsaspeedtesttodeterminewhethertheUSBdeviceandthehost
USBstackarefastenoughforPocketACE.Ifthetestissuccessful,0is
returned.Ifitfails,anegativenumberisreturned.Thistestisalwaysdone
atruntimewhenthePocketACEisopened.Itisdonewhenyouusethe
bulkDeploycommandonlyifyouusethe-tparameter.
Forexample,
bulkDeploy.exe E: -p password -s C:\pocketACEPackage\VM\packagedVMX.vmx
-q -t
(Optional)TodeployaPocketACEpackagetomultiplelocations,ortodeploy
multiplepackagestothesameormultiplelocations,createabatchfilewitha
bulkDeploy.execommandoneachline.
Usequotationmarksforpathsthatcontainspaces.Followingisanexampleofa
batchfile:
"C:\My VMs\vm_1\Packages\Pkg_1\bulkDeploy.exe" E: -p password -q -t
"C:\My VMs\vm_1\Packages\Pkg_1\bulkDeploy.exe" F: -p password -s
"C:\My VMs\vm_2\Packages\Pkg_2\VM\Pkg_2.vmx" -q -t
"C:\My VMs\vm_1\Packages\Pkg_1\bulkDeploy.exe" F: -p password -s
"C:\My VMs\vm_3\Packages\Pkg_3\VM\Pkg_3.vmx" -q -t
VMware, Inc.
463
ThePocketACErunsprimarilyfromthehostcache,althoughitoccasionallyreadsfrom
theparentdiskontheportabledevice.TheACEinstancedoesnotwritetotheparent
diskuntilsynchronization.
To run a pocket ACE instance
1
Plugtheportabledeviceintothehostcomputer.
IfthehostsystemsAutorunconfigurationisnotsettostarttheACEinstance
automatically,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindowshosts,navigatetotheremovabledeviceandrunthePocketACE.
Usually,startingthePocketACEmanuallyisnotnecessary.TheAutorun
programisincludedinthepackageandcheckswhetherVMwarePlayeris
installed.Ifnot,VMwarePlayerisinstalledautomatically.
OnLinuxsystems,installVMwarePlayerfromthePlayerdirectoryonthe
USBdrive.
Forexample,iftheUSBdriveismountedat/media/USBFLASH,navigateto
/media/USBFLASH/player.
464
InstallVMwarePlayerasdescribedinManuallyInstallVMwarePlayer
onaLinuxHostonpage 469.
UseVMwarePlayertoopenthe.vmx fileandstarttheACEinstance(see
InstalltheACEInstanceonaSingleLinuxHostonpage 470).
VMware, Inc.
22
22
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
InstallinganACEPackageonaWindowsHostonpage 465
InstallinganACEPackageonaLinuxHostonpage 469
UpgradingACEInstancestoACE2.6onpage 473
StartandUseanACEInstanceonpage 474
InstallanACEClientLicenseonpage 478
QuitVMwarePlayeronpage 479
TroubleshootingToolsonpage 479
VMware, Inc.
465
MakesurethehostcomputerhasenoughdiskspacefortheACEinstance.
IfthisisthefirstinstallationofanACEinstanceontheusersmachine,auserwith
administrativeprivilegesmustruntheinstallation.Onlyauserwith
administrativeprivilegescaninstallanduninstallVMwarePlayer.
IftheACEinstanceincludesahostpolicy,auserwithadministrativeprivileges
mustruntheinstallation.Ahostpolicyisahostnetworkaccesspolicyorapolicy
thatrestrictswhichvirtualmachinescanrunonahost.SeeSettingNetwork
AccessPoliciesonpage 402andControlWhichACEInstancesRunonaHost
onpage 422.
Onlyonesetofhostpoliciescanbedeployedtoaparticularhost.Ifapackage
containshostpoliciesandthehostalreadycontainshostpoliciesfromanother
package,installationofthesecondpackagefails.
IfVMwarePlayerisnotyetinstalledontheusersmachine,logintothehost
computerastheAdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindows
Administratorsgroup.
DependingonwhetheryouareinstallingfromaCD,DVD,ornetworklocation,do
oneofthefollowing:
ForCDsandDVDs,insertthefirstdisc.
Foranetworklocation,navigatetothelocationoftheinstaller.
Findthesetup.exefileanddoubleclickit.
Followtheprompts.
466
VMware, Inc.
Onthehostcomputer,openacommandprompt.
Enterthefollowingcommand:
instmsiw.exe /Q
ForadditionaldetailsonhowtousetheMicrosoftWindowsInstaller,seetheMicrosoft
Website.
InstallationdirectoryfortheACEinstance
InstallationdirectoryforVMwarePlayer
Installationwithoutadesktopicon
Youcanalsoinstallanupgradesilently.Anupgradeisalwaysinstalledinthesame
directoryordirectoriesasthepreviouspackage.
To install the ACE instance on multiple hosts
1
Onthehostcomputer,openacommandprompt.
Enterthefollowingcommand:
setup.exe /s/v"/qn"
ThiscommandinstallsthepackageandVMwarePlayer(ifincluded)intothe
defaultlocationsandcreatesashortcutfortheACEinstanceonthedesktop.The
defaultlocationfortheVMwarePlayerapplicationisC:\Program
Files\VMware\VMware Player.
VMware, Inc.
467
Thedefaultlocationforthevirtualmachinefiles:
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7isC:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware
ACE\
Tocustomizethepackage,enterthefollowingcommand:
msiexec -i package.msi <installation_options>
Enterthecommandononeline.Theinstallationoptionsfollow.
Table 22-1. Installation Options
Option
Description
DESKTOP_SHORTCUTS
Whensetto0,skipsinstallationoftheACEinstanceshortcuton
thedesktop.Thedefaultis1.
INSTALLDIR
SetstherootinstallationdirectoryfortheACEinstance.
PLAYER_INSTALLDIR
SetstherootinstallationdirectoryfortheVMwarePlayer
application.
Thefollowingexamplecommandillustratestheoptionsandtheirusage:
msiexec -i package.msi DESKTOP_SHORTCUTS=0
INSTALLDIR="G:\packages"
PLAYER_INSTALLDIR="C:\VMware\VMware Player" /qn
468
GotoStart>ControlPanel>AddorRemovePrograms>ChangeorRemove
Programs.
SelecttheVMwarePlayerprogramortheACEinstanceandclickRemove.
VMware, Inc.
Followtheinstructionsinthewizard.
(Optional)IfyouusedPocketACEonthishostandwanttoremovethePocketACE
cachetoconservediskspace,deletethefollowingfolder:
OnWindowsVistaandWindows7:
C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local\VMware\Roaming VM cache
Inthispath,<user>representsauserspecificdirectory.Ifmorethanoneuserused
PocketACEonthehost,youmustremovethedirectoryforeachuser.
Inaterminalwindow,enterthefollowingcommandtobecometherootuser:
su
MounttheACEpackage,andlocatetheVMwarePlayerinstallerinthepackage
directory.
Dependingonwhetherthehostisa32bitcomputerora64bitcomputer,yousee
oneofthefollowingfilenames:
VMware, Inc.
VMware-Player-i386.bundle
VMware-Player-x86_64.bundle
469
Copythe.bundlefiletoatemporarydirectoryontheharddrive.
Forexample,ifyouhavea64bitcomputerandyouwanttoputthefileinthe/tmp
directory,enterthefollowingcommand:
cp VMware-Player-x86_64.bundle /tmp
Enterthefollowingcommandtochangetothedirectorytowhichyoucopiedthe
file:
cd /tmp
Enterthefollowingcommandtoruntheinstallationprogram:
sh VMware-Player-<architecture>.bundle
The<architecture>valueiseitheri386,for32bitsystems,orx86_64,for64bit
systems.
6
Followthewizardpromptsthatappear.
OnmostLinuxdistributions,aGUIwizardappears.OnRedHatEnterpriseLinux
5.1andsomeotherdistributions,acommandlinewizardappears.Inthe
commandlinewizard,toquicklyscrolltotheendofthelicenseagreement
prompt,pressqandaccepttheagreement.
Wheninstallationiscompleted,enterthefollowingcommandtoexitfromthe
rootaccount:
exit
470
MakesurethehostcomputerhasenoughdiskspacefortheACEinstance.
TheACEpackagemustbeaccessibletotheLinuxusermachinesforinstallation.
VMware, Inc.
IfthisisthefirstinstallationofanACEinstanceontheusermachine,arootuser
mustruntheinstallation.OnlyarootusercaninstallanduninstallVMwarePlayer.
IftheACEinstanceincludesahostpolicy,arootusermustruntheinstallation.A
hostpolicyisahostnetworkaccesspolicyorapolicythatrestrictswhichvirtual
machinescanrunonahost.SeeSettingNetworkAccessPoliciesonpage 402and
ControlWhichACEInstancesRunonaHostonpage 422.
Onlyonesetofhostpoliciescanbedeployedtoaparticularhost.Ifapackage
containshostpoliciesandthehostalreadycontainshostpoliciesfromanother
package,installationofthesecondpackagefails.
Copythe.bundlefileforthepackagetothehostcomputer.
Openaterminalwindowandchangetothepackagedirectory.
Enterthefollowingcommandtoruntheinstallationprogram:
./vmware-install.pl
Followthewizardpromptsthatappear.
OnmostLinuxdistributions,aGUIwizarddoesnotappear.OnRedHat
EnterpriseLinux5.1andsomeotherdistributions,acommandlinewizard
appears.Inthecommandlinewizard,toquicklyscrolltotheendofthelicense
agreementprompt,pressqandaccepttheagreement.
Copythe.bundlefileforthepackagetothefirsthostcomputer.
Openaterminalwindowandenterthefollowingcommand:
./vmware-install.pl
VMware, Inc.
Repeatthisprocedureforotherhosts.
471
Useatexteditortoaddthefollowinglinestothehosts~/.vmware/preferences
file:
pref.grabOnKeyPress = "TRUE"
pref.grabOnMouseClick = "TRUE"
AddthefollowinglinestocreateaServerFlagssectioninthe
/etc/X11/xorg.conffile:
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZoom" "true"
Option "DontZap" "true"
Option "DontVTSwitch" "true"
EndSection
RestarttheXsession.
Manuallydisableallkeyboardshortcutsinhostswindowmanager.
IftheDeskbarappletprogramisusedinthepanelonthehost,removeitby
rightclickingitandselectingRemovefromPanel.
Ifyoudonotremovethisapplet,ausercanpressthekeyboardcombinationfor
exitingkioskmodeandthenpressAlt+F3toaccessthehostfilesystem.
Topreventthehostsfilebrowserfromopeningwhenaremovabledeviceis
connectedtothehost,disabletheapplicableoptionsinthehostssystem
preferencesandfilebrowserpreferences.
Forexample,openafilebrowseronthehostandselectEdit>Preferences>Media
anddeselecttheBrowsemediawheninsertedcheckbox.Also,fromthehosts
Systemmenu,selectPreferences>RemovableDevices,orsimilarlynamedtabs,
anddeselectthecheckboxes.
472
VMware, Inc.
Onthehostcomputer,openaterminalwindow.
Dooneorbothofthefollowing:
TouninstallanACEinstance,enterthefollowingcommand:
<path_to_instance_directory>./vmware-uninstall-ace.pl
TouninstallVMwarePlayer,enterthefollowingcommand:
vmware-installer -u vmware-player
(Optional)IfyouusedPocketACEonthishostandwanttoremovethePocketACE
cachetoconservediskspace,deletethefollowingdirectory:
/home/<user>/.vmware/roamcache
Inthispath,<user>representsauserspecificdirectory.Ifmorethanoneuserused
PocketACEonthehost,youmustremovethedirectoryforeachuser.
VMware, Inc.
473
Nopasswordsarerequiredatthefirstrunoftheinstanceoronsubsequentruns.
Youmustenteronepasswordatthefirstrun,andthatpasswordissuppliedtoyou
bytheadministrator.Onsubsequentrunsoftheinstance,nopasswordsare
required.
Youmustcreateapasswordatthefirstrun.Onsubsequentruns,youmustenter
thatpassword.
Youmustenteranadministratorsuppliedpasswordatthefirstrunandalsocreate
apassword.Onsubsequentruns,youmustenteronlythepasswordthatyou
created.
Theadministratorcanalsorestricthowmanycharactersorwhichcharacterscanbe
usedinpasswordsthatenduserscreate.SeeAuthenticationSettingsonpage 393.
To start and use an ACE instance
1
Dependingonthehostoperatingsystem,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindowshosts,usethedesktopiconortheStartmenutostarttheACE
instance.
OnLinuxhosts,usetheApplicationsmenuorenterthefollowingcommand
inaterminalwindow:
vmplayer <path_to__package_directory>/<name_of_ACE_vmx_file>.vmx
474
Ifpromptedtoenterorcreateapassword,doso.
IftheEnterSerialNumberdialogboxappears,dooneofthefollowing:
Ifyouradministratorprovidedaserialnumber,enterit.
Ifyouneedtopurchasealicense,clickGetSerialNumber.
VMware, Inc.
ClickinsidetheVMwarePlayerwindowtobeginusingtheguestoperatingsystem
andtheapplicationsinstalledintheACEinstance.
Youcanusetheoperatingsystemandapplicationsjustasyouwouldiftheywere
runningdirectlyonaphysicalcomputer.
(Optional)Tochangeapasswordthatyoucreated,chooseVM>ACE>Change
Password.
(Optional)FormoreinformationaboutusingVMwarePlayer,chooseHelp>Help
Topics.
OpenacommandpromptonWindowshostsoraterminalwindowonLinuxhosts.
Tosuppressthedialogboxusuallyshownatstartup,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindows,enterthefollowingcommand:
<path>\vmplayer.exe -k "<config-file>"
Inthiscommand,<path>isthepathonyoursystemtotheVMwarePlayer
applicationfileand<config-file>isthepathtothevirtualmachine
configuration(.vmx)file.
OnLinux,enteroneofthefollowingcommands:
vmplayer -k "<config-file>"
Inthesecommands,<config-file>isthepathtothevirtualmachine
configuration(.vmx)file.
VMware, Inc.
475
TostarttheACEinstancewithoutenteringkioskmode,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindows,enterthefollowingcommand:
<path>\vmplayer.exe -K "<config-file>"
NoticethecapitalK.Inthiscommand,<path>isthepathonyoursystemto
theVMwarePlayerapplicationfileand<config-file>isthepathtothe
virtualmachineconfiguration(.vmx)file.
OnLinux,enteroneofthefollowingcommands:
vmplayer -K "<config-file>"
Inthesecommands,<config-file>isthepathtothevirtualmachine
configuration(.vmx)file.
4
Ifyouuseacommandtostarttheinstancewithoutenteringkioskmode,enterthe
administratorpasswordwhenprompted.
Thisproceduredescribestypingthecommandatthecommandline,butyoucanalso
usethecommandtocreateabatchfileoradesktopshortcut.SeeUsingStartup
OptionsinaWindowsShortcutonpage 487.
476
VMware, Inc.
InstalltheACEinstancesonthehostmachine.
Usethefollowingexamplestowriteabatchfileorscripttostartthevirtual
machines:
Windowsbatchfile:
cd Program Files\VMware\VMware Player
start vmplayer.exe -k "C:\Documents and Settings\user1\My Documents\My
Virtual Machines\ace1\ace1.vmx"
sleep 20
start vmplayer.exe -k "C:\Documents and Settings\user1\My Documents\My
Virtual Machines\ace2\ace2.vmx"
sleep 20
start vmplayer.exe -k "C:\Documents and Settings\user1\My Documents\My
Virtual Machines\ace3\ace3.vmx"
Linuxscriptfile:
#!/bin/bash
vmplayer -k ~/vmware-ace/ace1/ace1.vmx & sleep 20
vmplayer -k ~/vmware-ace/ace2/ace2.vmx & sleep 20
vmplayer -k ~/vmware-ace/ace3/ace3.vmx &
The-kflagsuppressesthekioskmodedialogboxsothatyoudonotneedtoclick
OKtoenterkioskmode.
3
Ifanyvirtualmachinesthatarenotsettoruninkioskmodeareopenorrunning
onthehost,powerthemoffandclosethem.
Thescriptcannotstartandrunvirtualmachinesinkioskmodeifany
nonkioskmodevirtualmachinesareopen.
Runthebatchfileorscripttostartthevirtualmachinesinkioskmode.
Thevirtualmachinesarestartedintheorderlistedinthebatchfileorscript.Thefirst
virtualmachinestarteddefinestheadministratorpasswordforkioskmodeandthe
hotkeycombinationforexitingkioskmode.Ifasubsequentvirtualmachineinthelist
hasadifferentpasswordorhotkey,itdoesnotstart.Ifasubsequentvirtualmachinein
thelistisnotconfiguredtostartinkioskmode,itisnotallowedtostart.
VMware, Inc.
477
ObtaintheACEclientlicenseserialnumberfromyourACEadministrator.
DoubleclickthedesktopshortcutfortheinstalledACEinstance.
Attheprompt,entertheserialnumberintheappropriatefieldandenteryour
nameandtheorganizationnameinthedialogbox.
ClickOK.
ChooseHelp>EnterACEClientLicense.
Dooneofthefollowing:
478
Entertheserialnumberinthedialogbox.
Ifyouneedtopurchasealicense,clickGetSerialNumber.
ClickOK.
VMware, Inc.
Troubleshooting Tools
VMwareACEincludessometroubleshootingtoolsthatallowadministratorsandhelp
deskassistantstofixsomecommonproblemsthatusershavewithACEinstances,such
asforgottenuserpasswords.Thetoolsare:
ForstandaloneACEinstances:
TheACETools,whichisacommandlinetool.SeeUsingthevmwareacetool
CommandLineToolonpage 479.
Thehotfixfeature,whichusersaccessfrombuttonsindialogboxes.See
RespondtoHotFixRequestsonpage 481.
FormanagedACEinstances,seetheVMwareACEManagementServer
AdministratorsGuide.
Settheuserspassword,sotheusercanruntheACEinstance.
Setcopyprotection,sotheusercanruntheACEinstanceinanewlocation.
Settheexpirationdate,sotheusercancontinuetouseanACEinstancethatispast
itsscheduledexpirationdate.
VMware, Inc.
479
Theconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)fortheACEinstancemustbeontheACEusers
machine.Thatis,youcannotusevmware-acetooltomakefixestofilesassociatedwith
theinstanceunlesstheconfigurationfileisonthesamemachineasthosefiles.
Youcanactuallyusethevmware-acetoolprogramtoresetpasswordsandfix
expirationdatesonanothermachine,butyoumusthavethe.vmx,.vmpl,andace.dat
filesfromtheuserallsetupinthesamedirectory.Thefollowingisanexampleofa
vmware-acetoolcommand:
vmware-acetool <command> <ACEconfigurationfile> <parameters>
Table 22-2. Commands and Parameters for vmware-acetool
Command
Parameters
Description
setPassword
Pathtorecoverykeyfile
SettheACEinstances
password.
setExpirationDate
Newexpirationdate
SettheACEinstances
expirationdate.
allowCopy
AllowtheACEinstanceto
runfromitscurrentlocation.
updateCurrentTime
Updatetheinternalpolicy
clockofanACEinstanceto
thecurrenttime.
cloneToVM
Netcloneconfigurationfile
Pathtorecoverykeyfile
Clonearegularvirtual
machinefroman
ACEenabledvirtual
machine.
Password Prompts
Allcommandspromptfortheadministrativetoolspassword.SeeSetting
AdministratorModePoliciesonpage 419.
ThesetPasswordcommandalsopromptsfortherecoverykeypasswordforthe
privaterecoverykeyfile,anewACEinstancepassword,andconfirmationofthatnew
password.SeeSetaRecoveryKeyforEncryptedACEInstancesonpage 396.
Followingisanexampleofthecommand:
vmware-acetool setPassword myACE.vmx recKey.priv
480
VMware, Inc.
Expiration Dates
Thenewexpirationdatecanbepassedasoneofthefollowing:
Anumberofdaysfromthecurrentdate
AnabsolutedateintheformatYYYY-MM-DD
AstartdateandanenddateintheformatYYYY-MM-DDYYYY-MM-DD
Thespecialvalue"never",sothattheinstanceneverexpires
Thespecialvalue"expired",sothattheinstanceexpiresimmediately
Followingareexamplesofthecommand:
vmware-acetool setExpirationDate myACE.vmx 30
vmware-acetool setExpirationDate myACE.vmx 2007-06-16
vmware-acetool setExpirationDate myACE.vmx "never"
vmware-acetool allowCopy myACE.vmx 30
Lostorforgottenpassword
ExpiredACEinstance
CopyprotectedACEinstancerunfromanewlocation
Forinformationaboutenablingthehotfixfeature,seeSettingHotFixPoliciesfor
StandaloneACEInstancesonpage 421.Forinformationaboutsettingarecoverykey,
whichyoumusthavetosendahotfixforalostorforgottenuserpassword,seeSeta
RecoveryKeyforEncryptedACEInstancesonpage 396.
Whenthehotfixfeatureisenabled,ifanenduserseesanotificationthattheACE
instanceisexpiredorcopyprotected,aRequestHotFixbuttonappearsinthedialog
box.Theuserclicksthisbutton,whichlaunchestheHotFixRequestwizard.This
wizardgeneratesahotfixrequestfile.Theusercansubmitthisfiletotheadministrator
asanemailattachmentorinsomeotherway.
VMware, Inc.
481
Whenyoureceivethehotfixrequestfile,saveittoalocationthatyoucanaccess
fromtheadministratormachinewhereWorkstationisinstalled.
OpentheACEenabledvirtualmachinefortheinstancethatrequiresthehotfix.
ChooseFile>Open.
NavigatetothelocationofthehotfixrequestfileandclickOpen.
AhotfixtabopensintheWorkstationwindow.Thehotfixtabdisplaystheusers
nameandemailaddress,theproblemthatledtothehotfixrequest,andany
additionalnotetheuserentered.
ClickApprovehotfix.
Entertheappropriateinformationinthedialogbox.
Selectoneofthefollowingmethodsforsendingtheresponse:
ClickSendhotfixonthehotfixtabandclickOK.
Sendthehotfixfile.Itisinthesamefolderasthehotfixrequest.Thefile
extensionforthefixfileis.vmhf.
Thedisplayonthehotfixtabshowsthestatusofthehotfixrequest,approvedor
denied,andthedateonwhichyoutookaction.
Theuserappliesthehotfixbydoubleclickingthehotfixfile.
482
VMware, Inc.
YoucanenablethispolicyontheACEenabledvirtualmachine(affectingallinstances
createdfromit)orontheprimarydomaincontroller.Fordetailsabouthowtochange
thepolicy,seethefollowingMicrosoftarticles:
LocalSecurityPoliciesGototheMicrosoftSupportsite,entertheMicrosoft
knowledgebasearticleID175468inthesearchcriteria,andclickthefirstsearch
result.
PDCSecurityPoliciesGototheMicrosoftTechNetWebsiteandenterDomain
controller:Refusemachineaccountpasswordchanges,inthesearchcriteria.
Issues with Domain Joins for Windows Vista and Windows 7 Guests
Problem:TheWindowsVistaandWindows7ACEinstancescannotjointhelocal
domainandinstancecustomizationfailedwiththemessageNetDomainJoin
function Error 1722: Could not join domain.
Description:WindowsVistaandWindows7ACEinstancesmighthavethisproblem.
Solution:Telltheusertopowerofftheinstanceandpoweritonagaintoretryinstance
customization.Theproblemisintermittentandrestartingmightsolvetheproblem.
VMware, Inc.
483
484
VMware, Inc.
Appendix: Workstation
Command-Line Reference
Thisappendixdiscussesthecommandlineoptionsthatareavailableforthevmware
program.
Forinformationaboutusingthevmware-fullscreencommandtousefullscreen
switchmode,seeUsingvmwarefullscreentoRunaVirtualMachineonpage 377.
Forinformationaboutusingthevmrunprogramtooperateteamsorvirtualmachines
fromthecommandline,seemanualcalledUsingvmruntoControlVirtualMachines.
Thisappendixincludesthefollowingtopics:
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 485
UsingStartupOptionsinaWindowsShortcutonpage 487
OnaLinuxhostoperatingsystem:
/usr/bin/vmware [-n] [-x] [-X] [-m] [-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>]
[-v]
[/<path_to_virtual_machine>/<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
[X toolkit options]
VMware, Inc.
485
OnaWindowshostoperatingsystem:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware.exe [-B] [-n] [-x] [-X]
[-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>] [-v]
[<path_to_virtual_machine>\<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
Description
-n
OpensanewWorkstationwindow.
-B
(Windowshostsonly)OpensanewWorkstationwindowbut
hidesthesidebarandtoolbars.Onlythetabsofopenvirtual
machinesareshown.Usingthisoptionhasthesameeffectas
clickingtheWorkstationiconintheupperleftcornerofthe
WorkstationwindowandchoosingHideControlsfromthe
menuthatappears.
-t
Opensavirtualmachineorteaminanewtabintheexisting
Workstationwindow.
-x
PowersonthevirtualmachinewhenWorkstationstarts.This
isequivalenttoclickingthePowerOnbuttoninthe
Workstationtoolbar.
-X
PowersonthevirtualmachineandswitchestheWorkstation
windowtofullscreenmode.
-m
Startstheprograminquickswitchmode.
-q
Closesthevirtualmachinestabwhenthevirtualmachine
powersoff.Ifnoothervirtualmachineisopen,italsoexits
Workstation.Thisoptionisusefulwhentheguestoperating
systemcanpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
-s
Setsthespecifiedvariabletothespecifiedvalue.Anyvariable
namesandvaluesthatarevalidintheconfigurationfilecan
bespecifiedonthecommandlinewiththe-sswitch.
-v
Displaystheproductname,version,andbuildnumber.
<path_to_VM_or_team>
Launchesavirtualmachinebyusingthespecifiedvirtual
machineorteamconfigurationfile(.vmxor.vmtm file).
OnLinuxhosts,Xtoolkitoptionscanbepassedasarguments,althoughsomeofthem
(mostnotablythesizeandtitleoftheWorkstationwindow)cannotbeoverridden.
XtoolkitoptionsarenotrelevantonaWindowshost.
486
VMware, Inc.
Enclosetheentirecommandstringinquotationmarks.Theconfigurationfilehasa
.vmxextensionbydefault.
VMware, Inc.
487
488
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
bridgednetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandthehostsphysical
network.Withbridgednetworking,avirtualmachineappearsasanadditional
computeronthesamephysicalnetworkasthehost.Seealsohostonlynetworking.
clone
Aduplicateofavirtualmachine.Seealsofullclone,linkedclone.
customnetworking
Anytypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenvirtualmachinesandthehostthatdoes
notusethedefaultbridged,hostonly,ornetworkaddresstranslation(NAT)
networkingconfigurations.Forinstance,differentvirtualmachinescanbe
connectedtothehostbyseparatenetworksorconnectedtoeachotherandnotto
thehost.Anynetworktopologyispossible.
DE
diskmode
Apropertyofavirtualdiskthatdefinesitsexternalbehavior(howthe
virtualizationlayertreatsitsdata)butiscompletelyinvisibletotheguestoperating
system.Availablemodesincludepersistentmode(changestothediskarealways
preservedacrosssessions),nonpersistentmode(changesareneverpreserved),and
undoablemode(changesarepreservedattheusersdiscretion).
Favoriteslist
AlistintheleftpanelofthemainWorkstationwindowthatshowsthenamesof
virtualmachinesthatauserhasadded.YoucanusetheFavoriteslisttolauncha
virtualmachineortoconnecttothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileandmake
changesinthevirtualmachinesettings.
VMware, Inc.
489
fullclone
Acompletecopyoftheoriginalvirtualmachine,includingallassociatedvirtual
disks.Seealsolinkedclone.
fullscreenmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillstheentirescreen.See
alsofullscreenswitchmode.
fullscreenswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillstheentirescreen,and
theuserhasnoaccesstotheWorkstationuserinterface.Theusercannotcreate,
reconfigure,orlaunchvirtualmachines.Asystemadministratorperformsthose
functions.Seealsofullscreenmode.
GotoSnapshot
Acommandthatallowsyoutorestoreanysnapshotoftheactivevirtualmachine.
SeealsoReverttoSnapshot.
guestoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsinsideavirtualmachine.Seealsohostoperating
systemonpage 490.
HK
hostonlynetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandthehost.With
hostonlynetworking,avirtualmachineisconnectedtothehostonaprivate
network,whichnormallyisnotvisibleoutsidethehost.Multiplevirtualmachines
configuredwithhostonlynetworkingonthesamehostareonthesamenetwork.
Seealsobridgednetworking,customnetworking.
host
ThephysicalcomputeronwhichtheVMwareWorkstationsoftwareisinstalled.
hostoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsonthehostmachine.Seealsoguestoperating
system.
independentdisk
Atypeofvirtualdiskthatisnotaffectedbysnapshots.Youcanconfigure
independentdisksinpersistentandnonpersistentmodes.Seealsononpersistent
mode,persistentmode,snapshot.
490
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
LM
LANsegment
Aprivatevirtualnetworkthatisavailableonlytovirtualmachineswithinthesame
team.Seealsovirtualnetwork,team.
linkedclone
Acopyoftheoriginalvirtualmachinethatmusthaveaccesstotheparentvirtual
machinesvirtualdisks.Thelinkedclonestoreschangestothevirtualdisksina
separatesetoffiles.Seealsofullclone.
NO
nonpersistentmode
Adiskmodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machineappeartobewrittentotheindependentdiskbutareinfactdiscarded
afterthevirtualmachineispoweredoff.Asaresult,avirtualdiskorphysicaldisk
inindependentnonpersistentmodeisnotmodifiedbyactivityinthevirtual
machine.Seealsodiskmode,persistentmode.
parent
Thesourcevirtualmachinefromwhichyoutakeasnapshotormakeaclone.Afull
clonehasnocontinuedlinktoitsparent,butalinkedcloneandasnapshotmust
haveaccesstotheparentsvirtualdiskfiles.Ifyoudeletetheparentvirtual
machine,anylinkedcloneorsnapshotbecomespermanentlydisabled.Toprevent
deletion,youcanmaketheparentatemplatevirtualmachine.Seealsofullclone,
linkedclone,snapshot.
persistentmode
Adiskmodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machineareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentoavirtualdiskthathasbeen
configuredasanindependentdisk.Asaresult,avirtualdiskorphysicaldiskin
independentpersistentmodebehaveslikeaconventionaldiskdriveonaphysical
computer.Seealsodiskmode,nonpersistentmode.
physicaldisk
Aharddiskinavirtualmachinethatismappedtoaphysicaldiskdriveorpartition
onthehostmachine.Aphysicaldiskisalsoreferredtoasarawdisk.Avirtual
machinesdiskcanbestoredasafileonthehostfilesystemoronalocalharddisk.
Whenavirtualmachineisconfiguredtouseaphysicaldisk,Workstationdirectly
accessesthelocaldiskorpartitionasaphysicaldevice(notasafileonafile
system).Seealsovirtualdisk.
VMware, Inc.
491
quickswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillsmostofthescreen.In
thismode,tabsatthetopofthescreenallowyoutoswitchquicklyfromone
runningvirtualmachinetoanother.Seealsofullscreenmode.
rawdisk
Seephysicaldisk.
record/replayfeature
ThisfeatureletsyourecordallofaWorkstation5.xor6.xvirtualmachinesactivity
overaperiodoftime.UnlikeWorkstationsmoviecapturefeature,the
record/replayfeatureletsyouexactlyduplicatetheoperationsandstateofthe
virtualmachinethroughoutthetimeoftherecording.
redolog
Thefilethatstoreschangesmadetoadiskinallmodesexceptthepersistentand
independentpersistentmodes.Foradiskinnonpersistentmode,theredologfile
isdeletedwhenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachinewithoutwritingany
changestothedisk.Youcanpermanentlyapplythechangessavedintheredolog
toadiskinundoablemodesothattheybecomepartofthemaindiskfiles.Seealso
diskmode.
ReverttoSnapshot
Acommandthatrestoresthestatusoftheactivevirtualmachinetoitsimmediate
parentsnapshot.Thisparentisrepresentedinthesnapshotmanagerbythe
snapshotappearingtotheimmediateleftoftheYouAreHereicon.SeealsoGoto
Snapshot,snapshotmanager.
sharedfolder
Afolderonahostcomputeroronanetworkdriveaccessiblefromthehostthat
canbeusedbyboththehostandoneormorevirtualmachines.Itprovidesaway
ofsharingfilesbetweenhostandguestoramongvirtualmachines.InaWindows
virtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearasfoldersonadriveletter.InaLinuxor
Solarisvirtualmachine,sharedfoldersappearunderaspecifiedmountpoint.
snapshot
Areproductionofthevirtualmachinejustasitwaswhenyoutookthesnapshot,
includingthevirtualmachinespowerstate(on,off,orsuspended).Ifthevirtual
harddisksarenotsettoindependentmode,asnapshotalsoincludesthestateof
thedataonallthevirtualmachinesdisks.Youcantakeasnapshotwhenavirtual
machineispoweredon,poweredoff,orsuspended.Seealsoindependentdisk.
492
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
snapshotmanager
Acontrolpanelusedtotakeactionsonanyofthesnapshotsandrecordings
associatedwiththeselectedvirtualmachine.Seealsorecord/replayfeature,
snapshot.
TU
team
Agroupofvirtualmachinesthatareconfiguredtooperateasoneobject.Youcan
poweron,poweroff,andsuspendateamwithonecommand.Youcanconfigure
ateamtocommunicateindependentlyofanyothervirtualorrealnetworkby
settingupaLANsegment.SeealsoLANsegment,virtualnetwork.
Unitymode
Adisplaymodeinwhichavirtualmachinesapplicationsaredisplayedin
applicationwindowsdirectlyonthehostsdesktop.Thevirtualmachineconsole
viewishidden,andyoucanminimizetheWorkstationwindow.Inthismode,a
virtualmachinesapplicationslookjustlikeotherapplicationwindowsonthehost.
VX
virtualdisk
Afileorsetoffilesthatappearsasaphysicaldiskdrivetoaguestoperating
system.Thesefilescanbeonthehostmachineoronaremotefilesystem.Seealso
physicaldisk.
virtualhardware
Thedevicesthatmakeupavirtualmachine.Thevirtualhardwareincludesthe
virtualdisk,removabledevicessuchastheDVDROM/CDROMandfloppy
drives,andthevirtualEthernetadapter.Youconfigurethesedeviceswiththe
virtualmachinesettingseditor.Seealsovirtualmachinesettingseditor.
virtualmachine
Avirtualizedx86PCenvironmentinwhichaguestoperatingsystemand
associatedapplicationsoftwarecanrun.Multiplevirtualmachinescanoperateon
thesamehostmachineconcurrently.
virtualmachineconfiguration
Thespecificationofwhichvirtualdevices,suchasdisksandmemory,arepresent
inavirtualmachineandhowtheyaremappedtohostfilesanddevices.
virtualmachineconfigurationfile
Afilecontainingavirtualmachineconfiguration.This.vmxfileiscreatedwhen
youcreatethevirtualmachine.Itisusedtoidentifyandrunaspecificvirtual
machine.
VMware, Inc.
493
virtualmachinesettingseditor
Apointandclickcontrolpanelusedtoviewandmodifyavirtualmachines
settings.
virtualnetwork
Anetworkconnectingvirtualmachinesthatdoesnotdependonphysical
hardwareconnections.Forexample,youcancreateavirtualnetworkbetweena
virtualmachineandahostthathasnoexternalnetworkconnections.Youcanalso
createaLANsegmentforcommunicationbetweenvirtualmachinesonateam.See
alsoLANsegment,team.
virtualnetworkeditor
Apointandclickeditorusedtoviewandmodifythenetworkingsettingsforthe
virtualnetworkscreatedbyWorkstation.
VMwarePlayer
FreesoftwarethatenablesPCuserstocreateandrunanyvirtualmachineona
WindowsorLinuxPC.VMwarePlayerrunsvirtualmachinescreatedbyVMware
Workstation,VMwareServer,orESXServerandalsosupportsMicrosoftvirtual
machinesandSymantecBackupExecSystemRecoverydiskformats.
VMwareTools
Asuiteofutilitiesanddriversthatenhancestheperformanceandfunctionalityof
yourguestoperatingsystem.KeyfeaturesofVMwareToolsincludesomeorallof
thefollowing,dependingonyourguestoperatingsystem:anSVGAdriver,a
mousedriver,theVMwareToolscontrolpanelandsupportforsuchfeaturesas
sharedfolders,draganddropinWindowsandLinuxguests,shrinkingvirtual
disks,timesynchronizationwiththehost,VMwareToolsscripts,andconnecting
anddisconnectingdeviceswhilethevirtualmachineisrunning.Seealsoshared
folder.
494
VMware, Inc.
Index
Numerics
3D support 173
A
About tab
VMware Tools 123
access control policies, ACE 391, 397
ACE instance
defined 383
installing on a Linux host 470
installing on a Windows host 466
offline usage 421
removable device policy 411
running a Pocket ACE 463
setting policies for 390
uninstalling from a Linux host 473
uninstalling from a Windows
host 468
upgrading 473
ACE Management Server
and Active Directory 397
defined 383
ACE New Package wizard 449
ACE Resources directory 446
ACE tools, using 479
ACE-enabled virtual machine
configuring 447
creating packages for 450
defined 383
deployment platform 446
ACPI S1 sleep feature 380
activation policy, ACE 391
VMware, Inc.
Active Directory
password change proxying 397
adapter
host virtual adapters 301, 410
in promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 316
specifying physical, for ACE 410
virtual Ethernet 295
Add Hardware wizard 332, 363
Add Shared Folder wizard 191
address
assigning IP 305
assigning MAC manually 309
IP on virtual network 304
MAC 308
network address translation 316
using DHCP to assign 304
administrative tools policy, ACE 419
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture,
using 176
ALSA See Advanced Linux Sound
Architecture
AMD Athlon 64 processor 37
AMD Opteron processor 37
AMD Sempron processor 37
AMD Turion 64 processor 37
appliance view
for virtual machines 182
policy for ACE instances 415
assign
IP address 304
network port number in NAT 323
495
Athlon 64 processor 37
audio 32, 175, 176
AudioPCI 176
authentication policy, ACE 391
autofit settings 164
automatic bridging 297, 410
AutoProtect
restrictions 214
setting up 215
AutoProtect feature
See also snapshot, AutoProtect 214
B
background, running virtual machines
in 71, 264
bandwidth
controlling, in team networks 271
LAN segment 281
battery information, reporting in
guest 180
BIOS
file in virtual machine 97
provided in virtual machine 30
setup, entering 148
.bmp files for screen captures 183
bridged networking
ACE policy for network
adapters 410
and Samba servers 329
configuring options 297
browser
and appliance views 182
configuring on Linux host 45
BSD
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 36
supported 64-bit guest operating
systems 36
BT/KT-958 drivers 86
496
C
capacity, disk 236, 249
capture
screenshot 183
snapshot of virtual machine 203
virtual machine activity 257
CD
adding drive to virtual machine 250
CD-ROM image file 30
legacy emulation mode for 252
package delivery for ACE 453
.cfg file 97
change
hot-key combinations 74
team name 274
virtual machine name 65
Change Version wizard 94
clock
real-time on Linux host 44
synchronize guest and host 120
clone template 221
Clone Virtual Machine wizard 222
clones
creating, for teams 272, 276, 283
creating, in Clone Virtual Machine
wizard 221
enable template mode 221
full 220
IP address 222
linked 220, 227
MAC address and UUID of 219
network identity of 222
overview 219
static IP address 222
VMware, Inc.
Index
color
display on VNC clients 228
screen, in a virtual machine 172
comm port
See serial connection, serial port
command-line interface
for VMware Tools 132
for Workstation 485
commands
keyboard shortcuts 72
startup, on the command line 378,
485
startup, on Windows hosts 487
compacting virtual disks 240
configure record/replay 259
connect
CD/DVDs and floppies to ISO
images 253
USB devices 353
Conversion wizard 133, 142, 143
converting virtual machines 133
copy and paste feature 189
copy protection policy for ACE
instances 400
copy virtual machine 225
CPU
host requirement 23
provided in virtual machine 29
creating
ACE packages 449
policies for an ACE instance 390
virtual disks 242
Creative Labs 176
Creative Labs Sound Blaster 32
Ctrl+Alt hot-key combination 340
custom EULA ACE package setting 445
VMware, Inc.
D
DDNS (dynamic domain name
service) 311
debugging
using serial connection 338
default scripts for VMware Tools 125
defragmenting virtual disks 239
deleting
recordings of virtual machine
activity 212, 268
snapshots 208, 212
virtual machines 158
deploy.exe program 461
deployment settings, ACE
deployment platform 446
encryption 436
EULA 445
instance customization 437
package lifetime 436
destinations for imported virtual
machines 140
device connection policy 411
device drivers
for generic SCSI devices 363
VMware Tools 102
devices
ACE policies for USB 412
adding a generic SCSI device 363,
364
connecting and disconnecting 122,
181
disconnecting from USB
controller 357
processor 29
removable, ACE policies for 411
USB 351
Devices tab
in Preferences dialog box 67
VMware Tools 122
497
DHCP
assigning IP addresses on a virtual
network 304
changing settings 300
configuring on a Linux host 306
configuring on a Windows host 306
DHCPD 311
lease 300
on a virtual network with NAT 317
server 286, 300
server on virtual network 290, 291
stopping 314
dial-up connection 306
directories, shared 195, 196
disable
acceleration 179
copying and pasting text and
files 190
drag-and-drop of files and
folders 188
folder sharing 192
interface features 369
disc labels for packages 453
disk
See also virtual disk
IDE drive supported in host 24
IDE drives in virtual machine 30
independent 207
mapping to a drive 199
optical drives supported in host 25
SCSI drive supported in host 24
size 236, 249
space required on host computer 24
.vmdk virtual disk file 97
display
autofit settings for 164
color depth 172
fitting window to virtual machine 169
full screen 162, 164
498
VMware, Inc.
Index
optical, supported 25
package delivery for ACE 453
dynamic domain name service 311
E
Eclipse
installing the Workstation plug-in
for 41
EHCI controller 31
EM64T processor 37
encrypt
restrictions 156
encrypting a virtual machine 155
encryption for ACE packages and
instances 436
enhanced virtual keyboard 339, 416
Ethernet adapter
adding to virtual machine 295
for teams 282
promiscuous mode 316
virtual network adapters 286
Ethernet controller 25
Ethernet switches 32
exclusive mode 165
expand
virtual disk 240
expiration policy for ACE instances 399
F
Favorites list
creating folders in 64
overview 63
removing virtual machines from 64
files
BIOS in virtual machine 97
redo log 97
Samba and file sharing on a Linux
host 328
sharing among virtual machines and
host 187
VMware, Inc.
snapshot 97
suspended state 97
used by a virtual machine 97
used by snapshot 97
virtual machine 150
firewall 324
fit to guest and fit to window 169
floppy
drives in virtual machine 31, 252
image file 31, 253
folders
in the Favorites list 64
shared, See shared folder
FreeBSD
supported 32-bit guests 36
supported 64-bit guests 36
VMware Tools for 112
FTP 318
full screen mode 162
full screen settings 164
full screen switch mode 372, 379
full screen toolbar 164, 415
G
gated host network 310
global configuration file 372
graphics
See also display
support in virtual machine 30, 172
guest
autofit 169
defined 22
fit command 169
guest network access policies, ACE 402,
411
guest operating system
for ACE instance customization 439
installing 91
support for 64-bit 37
499
supported 32
supported FreeBSD 32-bit 36
supported FreeBSD 64-bit 36
supported Linux 32-bit 35
supported Linux 64-bit 36
supported MS-DOS 33
supported Solaris 32-bit 36
supported Solaris 64-bit 36
upgrades 94
Windows 32-bit 33
Windows 64-bit 34
GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks 139
H
Hardware tab in virtual machine settings
editor 69
headless virtual machines (run in the
background) 71, 264
HIDs (human interface devices) 353
host
defined 22
hard disk space required 24
network access policies, ACE 411
optical drives supported 25
policies, ACE 402, 466
system requirements 23
virtual adapters 301
host-guest data script policies 397
host-only networking
basic configuration 290
selecting IP addresses 304
hot fix, ACE
policies 421
responding 481
hot keys
for full screen switch mode 373, 375
hexadecimal values for 373
in Workstation preferences 340
500
setting 74
using Ctrl+Alt+Insert and
Ctrl+Alt+Delete 72
Hot Keys tab 67
I
ICMP 318
IDE
drive supported in host 24
drives in virtual machine 30
optical drive supported in host 25
IDESCSI, setting up virtual disk as 237
image file
floppy 31, 253
ISO 30, 250, 253
import 145
importing virtual machines 133, 135
independent disk 207
initialization scripts for instance
customization 440
install components 153
install ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0 on
Workstation 90
installation requirement
ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0 90
installing
ACE instance on a Linux host 470
ACE instance on a Windows
host 466
guest operating systems 91
Pocket ACE on portable device 461
software in a virtual machine 179
VMware Player on a Linux host 469
VMware Tools silently on Windows
guests 106
Workstation on Linux host 44
Workstation on Windows host 41
Workstation silently on Windows
hosts 42
VMware, Inc.
Index
K
Kbps, for LAN segment 281
kernel
paravirtual, support for 93
key code mapping 345
keyboard
enhanced virtual, ACE policy 416
enhanced virtual, on Windows 339
language keymaps for VNC
clients 341
mapping on a Linux host 342
shortcuts 72, 158
USB 351
keyloggers 416
keysym
defined 344
mapping 345
kiosk mode, ACE
policies 420
VMware, Inc.
L
LAN segments
and teams 280
changing name 281
configuring connections to 282
deleting 283
setting bandwidth 281
setting Kbps 281
setting packet loss 281
leaks, IP packet 306
legacy emulation for DVD/CD-ROM
drives 252
licensing, serial number and 474
linked clones 227
Linux
32-bit host 27
64-bit host 27
installing on Linux host 44
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 35
supported 64-bit guest operating
systems 36
supported host operating
systems 27
uninstalling Workstation on Linux
host 47
upgrading on Linux host 51
LiveState system image, importing 135
local area networking 25
location of virtual machine files 83, 150
lock files 236
log files 97, 379
LSI Logic 30, 86, 362
501
502
MAC address
and clones 219
assigning manually 309
of virtual Ethernet adapter 308
map
key code 345
keyboard 342
keysym 345
mapped drives, for virtual disks 198
mapping virtual disks to a drive 199
master boot record (MBR) disks 139
memory
amount required on host 23
settings 415
Microsoft Sysprep deployment tools 440
MIDI 175
mode
exclusive 165
full screen 162
preview 448
promiscuous 316
quick switch 165
Unity 158
modifier keys 373
monitors
specifying the number of 166, 169
using multiple 166, 169
mouse
driver, installed by VMware
Tools 102
USB 351
movie capture 184
moving a virtual machine 223
MP3 175
MS-DOS 33
multiple monitors, using 166, 169
Mylex 30, 86, 362
name
changing team name 274
changing virtual machine name 65
NAT
ACE policies for 409
advanced configuration 319
and DHCP 317
and DNS 318
and the host computer 317
external access from a NAT
network 318
on virtual network 289, 316
port forwarding 323, 328
sample configuration file for Linux
host 327
selecting IP addresses 304
specifying connection from port
below 1024 320
NAT.conf file 321, 327
NetLogon 324
NetWare, Novell 36, 113, 123
network
adding and modifying virtual
Ethernet adapters 295
automatic bridging 297
automatic bridging for ACE
instances 410
changing DHCP settings 300
changing subnet settings 300
changing the configuration 295
components 285
configuring bridged networking
options 297
DHCP 304
DHCP server 286
dial-up connection 306
dynamic domain name service 311
hardware address 308
VMware, Inc.
Index
host-only 290
host-only subnet 304
identity, clone 222
IP forwarding 307
IP packet leaks 306
MAC address 308
NAT 289, 316
NAT as firewall 324
NAT subnet 304
packet filtering 307
promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 316
routing between two host-only
networks 314
Samba 328
second bridged network on a Linux
host 299
switch 285
token ring 289
two host-only networks 302
virtual DHCP server 290, 291
virtual Ethernet adapter 286
virtual network editor 297, 301, 306
virtual switch 285
virtualizing in a team 271
network access policies, ACE 402, 410
network adapters
creating, for team networks 282
virtual, adding 295
virtual, overview of 286
network image package delivery for
ACE 453
New Package wizard 449
New Virtual Machine wizard 66, 80, 89,
235
NFS ports 320
Novell NetWare
supported guests 36
VMware Tools for 113
VMware, Inc.
O
offline usage of ACE instances,
policy 421
Open Enterprise Server 36
open virtual machine format (.ovf and
.ova files) 137
operating system
32-bit Windows host 26
64-bit Windows host 26
FreeBSD 32-bit guest 36
FreeBSD 64-bit guest 36
installing guest 91
Linux 32-bit guest 35
Linux 32-bit host 27
Linux 64-bit guest 36
Linux 64-bit host 28
MS-DOS guest 33
Solaris 32-bit guest 36
Solaris 64-bit guest 36
support for 64-bit guest 37
Windows 32-bit guest 33
Windows 64-bit 34
Opteron processor 37
optical drive supported in host 25
Options tab
virtual machine settings editor 70
VMware Tools 120
.ovf and .ova files 137
P
P2V (physical-to-virtual) conversion 133
Package Properties dialog box 454
package settings, ACE
custom EULA 445
deployment platform 446
503
encryption 436
instance customization 437
package lifetime 436
placeholder values in instance
customization 442
remote domain join 443
workgroup or domain in instance
customization 440
Packages tab 454
packages, ACE
burning files onto discs 453
changing lifetime setting 436
creating 449
creation progress 453
deployment for Pocket ACE 461
deployment platform for 446
disc labels for 453
disk space required for 452
distribution format 453
Pocket ACE installation 461
pre-deployment test for 455
previewing before deployment 455
registration 453
testing before deployment 455
viewing history of 454
packet
filtering 307
leaks 306
packet loss, configuring, for LAN
segments 281
parallel ports
configuring on a Linux host 333
in a virtual machine 331
installing in virtual machines 332
paravirtualized kernels in Linux
guests 93
parent snapshot 204
pause
restrictions 154
504
VMware, Inc.
Index
VMware, Inc.
Q
quick switch mode 165
quiet mode, install VMware Tools 106
quitting ACE Player 479
R
RAM
amount required on host 23
raw disk 238
Real Media 175
real-time clock requirement on Linux
host 44
record/replay feature 257, 259
recordings of virtual machine execution
deleting 212
renaming 210
.REDO file 97
registration
of ACE packages 453
of VMware Workstation 75
reimage snapshots 418
remote connections to a virtual
machine 228
remote domain join 443
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap
property 341
removable devices
ACE policies for 411
deploying Pocket ACE packages
to 461
disconnecting 357
505
S
Samba
and file sharing on a Linux host 328
modifying configuration for
Workstation 328
on both bridged and host-only
networks 330
scan code 344
scanner 361
screen captures 183
506
screen colors
for VNC clients 228
setting, for virtual machines 172
screen modes
full screen 162
quick switch 165
screen resolution 171
screenshot capture 183
screenshots 183
scripts
creating custom VMware Tools 126
enabling, disabling, and
running 122
for ACE instance customization 440
power on, for ACE instances 394
running and disabling 128
running during power state
changes 125
startup, for ACE kiosk mode 476
writing, for ACE instances 424
Scripts tab in VMware Tools 122
SCSI
adding a generic SCSI device 363,
364
avoiding concurrent access on a
Linux host 363
connecting to generic 361
devices in virtual machine 30
drive supported in host 24
driver for Windows NT guest 362
driver for Windows Server 2003
guest 362
driver for Windows XP guest 362
drivers 86, 362
generic SCSI on a Linux host 363
generic SCSI on a Windows
host 361
VMware, Inc.
Index
optical drives 25
permissions for a generic SCSI
device on a Linux host 361
setting up virtual disk as 237
Sempron processor 37
serial connection
between host application and virtual
machine 335
between two virtual machines 335
for debugging 338
to a serial port on the host 335
serial number
for ACE instances 474
serial port, installing and using 335
server
DHCP 286, 306, 317, 324
DNS 311, 317, 318, 319
WINS 319
setting up AutoProtect 215
share
files on a Linux host with
Samba 328
shared folder
enable and disable 192
mounting, on Linux 196
on Linux and Solaris guests 196
permissions on Linux 196
using 190
viewing 195
sharing virtual machines 227
shortcuts, keyboard 67, 72, 340
shrink
virtual disks 123, 240
virtual disks in Netware 123
Shrink tab, VMware Tools 123
sidebar panel 62
size
disk 236, 249
virtual disk 30
VMware, Inc.
507
508
T
tabs
in Preferences dialog box 67
in VMware Tools control panel 119
virtual machine 54
tape drive 361
.tar file for installing VMware Tools 109
team
adding virtual machine to 276
and LAN segments 280
cloning virtual machine from 283
closing 274
creating clone in New Team
wizard 272, 276
deleting 275
Ethernet adapters for 282
name change 274
network 271
new 272
no clone template 221
opening 273
overview 271
power off 279
powering on 279
removing virtual machine from 277
resume 279
VMware, Inc.
Index
snapshot 283
suspend 279
Telnet 318
template mode for clones 221
3D support 173
time, synchronizing, between guest and
host 120
time.synchronize options for VMware
Tools 121
token ring 289
toolbar
customizing 61, 62
hide 369
Tools panel in the virtual machine
settings editor 117
Tools upgrade options 115
troubleshooting
responding to ACE hot fix
requests 481
with vmware-acetool 479
Turion 64 processor 37
two-way virtual SMP 366
U
UHCI controller 31
uninstalling
an ACE instance from a Linux
host 473
an ACE instance from a Windows
host 468
host virtual adapters 301
VMware Tools 118
Workstation on Linux host 47
Workstation on Windows host 44
Unity mode 158
update frequency 421
updates, checking for Workstation 65
updating VMware Tools 117
VMware, Inc.
upgrade
ACE instances 473
guest operating systems 94
on Linux host 51
on Windows host 48
on Windows Vista host 49
removing snapshots before virtual
machine upgrades 47
virtual machines 94, 95
VMware Tools 115, 117
USB
connecting devices 353
control of devices by host and
guest 356
controller, enabling and
disabling 352
device policies, ACE 411, 412
devices in a virtual machine 351
disconnecting devices 357
keyboard and mouse 351
on a Linux host 356
on a Windows host 355
port specifications 31
supported device types 351
user interface
overview 54
restricted 369
UUID (universal unique identifier)
and clones 219
location 217
options for when you move a virtual
machine 218
specifying 218
V
VAssert API 185
version, changing virtual machine 94
VGA 171
509
virtual adapters
host virtual adapters 301
specifications for 32
virtual appliances
open virtual machine format
(OVF) 137
virtual disk
See also disk
adding to virtual machine 242, 243
allocating disk space 88
compacting 240
defined 236
defragmenting 239
expanding 240
IDE, size 30
legacy 254
mapping, to a Windows drive 198,
199
setting up as IDE or SCSI 237
shrinking 123, 240
shrinking in Netware 123
size 30
storing on physical disks 237
using in a new virtual machine 82
Virtual Disk Manager 254
.vmdk file 97
Virtual Disk Manager 254
virtual hardware
CPU issues 143
disk device issues 143
Ethernet adapter issues 143
graphics card issues 143
virtual keyboard 339
virtual machine
adding a virtual disk 242, 243
adding floppy drive 252
adding or modifying an Ethernet
adapter 295
adding physical disk 244
510
Index
VMware, Inc.
.vmxf file 97
VNC
setting a keyboard map for 341
setting a virtual machine to act as a
VNC server 228
VProbes 185
v-scan code
defined 344
table of codes 347
W
.wav file 175
Windows
32-bit guest operating systems 33
64-bit guest operating systems 34
uninstalling on Windows host 44
upgrading on Windows host 48
upgrading to Windows Vista 49
VMware Tools for 104
Windows 95 sound driver 176
Windows 98 sound driver 176
Windows NT
SCSI driver for guest 362
sound driver 176
Windows Server 2003
SCSI driver for guest 362
Windows XP
SCSI driver for guest 362
Windows XP Mode 145
512
wizard
Add Hardware 332, 363
Add Shared Folder 191
Change Version 94
Clone Virtual Machine 222
Conversion 133
New Package 449
New Team 272
New Virtual Machine 66, 80, 89
Workspace tab in preferences editor 67
workspaces
location of 67
switching in Linux guest 340
Workstation
checking for updates for 65
starting 53
X
X server and keyboard mapping 342
X toolkit options 486
xFree86 and keyboard mapping 342
Z
zip drives 357
VMware, Inc.