Classification

1. Toxic substance / Jarak Racun

2. Corrosive substance / Jarak Korosif
3. Flammable substance / Jarak Mudah Terbakar
4. Explosive / Bahan Peledak
5. Oxidation agent / Zat Oksidasi
6. Water sensitive substance / Air Sensitif
Substansi
7. Acid sensitive substance / Asam Sensitif
Substansi
8. Compressed gases
9. Radioactive substance / Bahan Radio Aktif

Classification of Toxic Substances

1. Metal and
metaloid
2. Solvent
3. Toxic gas
4. Cartiogenic
substance
5. Pesticide

Contoh Bahan Kimia Beracun

No
.

Jenis Bahan Beracun

1.

Logam dan metaloid

2.

Bahan pelarut

3.

Gas gas beracun

Jenis Bahan
Pb ( TEL, PbCO3 )
Hg ( Hg,senyawa anorganik dan organik )
Cadmium
Krom
Arsen
Poffor
Hidrokarbon alifatik ( bensin, m. tanah )
Hidrokarbon terhalogenasi
( kloroform )
Alkhohol
( etanol, metanol )
Glikol
Aspiksian sederhana ( N2, Ar, He )
Aspiksian lain :
- Asam sianida ( HCN )
- Asam sulfida (H2 S )

4.

Karsinogenik

5.

Pestisida

Karbon monoksida (CO)

Nitrogen oksida (NO)X
Benzena
Asbes
Benzidin
Krom
Naftil amin
Vinil klorida
Organoklorin dan organofosfat

Akibat
Syaraf, ginjal dan darah
Syaraf, ginjal dan darah
Hati, ginjal, dan darah
Kanker
Iritasi, kanker
Metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak, protein
Pusing dan koma
Hati dan ginjal
Leukimia, saluran pencernaan dan syaraf pusat
Ginjal, hati , tumor
Sesak nafas, berkurangnya oksigen
Pusing, sesak nafas
Sesak nafas, kejang, hilang kesadaran
Sesak nafas, hilang kesadaran, otak , jantung
Iritasi, kematian , sesak nafas
Leukimia
Paru paru
Kandung kemih
Paru paru
Paru paru
Hati, paru paru, pusing,
syaraf pusat
Pusing, kejang, hilang kesadaran, kematian

Klasifikasi Bahan Kimia Beracun

Berdasarkan Kekuatan
Kelas Zat Beracun
Racun super
Amat sangat beracun
Amat beracun
Beracun sedang
Sedikit beracun
Tidak beracun

LD50(mg/kg)
<5
5 50
50 500
500 5000
5000 15000
> 15000

Contoh
Nikotin
Timbal arsenat
Hidrokinon
Isopropanol
Asam asetat
Propilene glikol

Corrosive Substance
Jenis
bahan

Bahan
korosif
padat
Bahan korosif
cair

Bahan korosif gas

Bahaya

Contoh

ada
kontak
dengan kulit atau
mata.
timbul bila kontak
dengan kulit atau
mata yang akan
menyebabkan
proses pelarutan
(
denaturasi
)
Bila protein
terhirup
akan

NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Fenol,

bila

merusak saluran
pernafasan

asam trikloro asetat

asam sulfat, asam klorida,
asam
nitrat,
asam
formiat, asam asetat,
karbon
bisulfida,
hidrokarbon
amoniak,
asam
klorida,
formaldehid ( formalin ),
asam
fluorida,
asam
asetat belerang dioksida,
klor, brom fosgen ,
nitrogen oksida, ozon

Flammable Substance
Fasa

Contoh

Padat

belerang, fosfor, kertas, hibrida logam,

kapas

Cair

eter, alkhohol, aseton, benzena, hexana, dll

Gas

hidrogen, asetilen, etilen oksida

Explosif substance
Industri

Bahan yang di produklsi

Peledak
Amunisi
Gas industri
Mercon
Korek api
Zat warna

NH4NO3, TNT
Campuran
Asetilen, H2, O2
NaNO3, KClO3, karbon
KClO3, belerang
Azo dan diazo

Oxidation Agent
Bahan

contoh

Oksidator anorganik

MnO4,

perklorat,

bikromat,

Oksidator organik

hidrogen peroksida, peiodat,

persulfat
benzil
peroksida,
asetil
peroksida, eter oksida, asam
perasetat

Water Sensitive Substance

Jenis bahan

Contoh

Golongan alkali

Na, K

Logam halida anhidrat

alumunium tri bromida

Logam oksida anhidrat

CaO

Oksida non logam halida

sulfuril klorida

Acid Sensitive Substance

Umumnya bahanbahan yang reaktif terhadap air
juga reaktif terhadap asam.
Selain itu dapat meledak maupun terbakar karena
terjadi reaksi eksotermik dan gas yang mudah
terbakar.
Contoh :
Kalium klorat ( KClO3 )
Kalium permanganat
Kromat ( Cr2O3 )

Compressed Gases
Bahaya yang ditimbulkan :Bila bocorakan mencemari lingkungan

Korosif

Bahaya yang terjadi

tergantung jenis gas

Mudah terbakar

Aspiksian*

*Bersifat aspiksian maksudnya mengganggu pernafasan dan

darah, contohnya : CO2, CO, hiodrgen sianida, argon,
helium, nitrogen

Tabel Penggunaan Gas Bertekanan Dan

Bahayanya
Gas

Penggunaan

Bahaya

asetilen
amoniak
etilen oksida
hidrogen

Gas bakar
Bahan baku
Sterilisasi
Hidrogenasi

Mudah terbakar, aspiksian

Beracun
Beracun, mudah terbakar
Mudah terbakar, aspiksian

Nitrogen

Gas pencuci,
Aspiksian
pembuatan udara inert

klor
vinil klorida

Klorinasi, oksidator
Produksi plastik

Beracun, korosif
Beracun, mudah terbakar

Radioactive substance

PLAQUE

Types of Labels

HMIS

NFPAFLAMMABILITY
HEALTH

HEALTH
FLAMMABILITY
REACTIVITY
SPECIFIC
HAZARD

REACTIVITY

SPECIFIC
HAZARD

W
HEALTH
4

Death : even the slightest exposure to this

substance would be life threatening. Only
specialized protective clothing, for these
materials, should be worn.

Extreme Danger: serious injury would

result from exposure to this substance. Do
not expose any body surface to these
materials. Full protective measures should
be taken.

Dangerous: exposure to this substance

would be hazardous to health. Protective
measures are indicated.

Slight Hazard: irritation or minor injury

would result from exposure to this
substance. Protective measures are
indicated

No Hazard: exposure to this substance

offers no significant risk to health.

15

OXIDIZER

REACTIVITY

FLAMMABILITY
4
3

Flash Point Below 73F and Boiling Point

Below 100F: this substance is very
flammable, volatile or explosive depending
on its state. Extreme caution should be
used in handling or storing of these
materials.
Flash Point Below 100F: flammable,
volatile or explosive under almost all
normal temperature conditions. Exercise
great caution in storage or handling of
these materials.

May Detonate: substances that are readily

capable of detonation or explosion at
normal temperatures and pressures.
Evacuate area if exposed to heat or fire.

Explosive: substances that are readily

capable of detonation or explosion by a
strong initiating source, such as heat,
shock or water. Monitor from behind
explosion-resistant barriers

Unstable: violent chemical changes are

possible
at
normal
or
elevated
temperatures and pressures. Potentially
violent or explosive reaction may occur
when mixed with water. Monitor from a
safe distance.

Flash Point Below 200F: moderately

heated conditions may ignite this
substance. Caution procedures should be
employed in handling

Flash Point Above 200F: this substance

must be preheated to ignite. Most
combustible solids would be in this
category.

Normally stable: substances that may

become
unstable
at
elevated
temperatures and pressures or when
mixed with water. Approach with caution.

Will Not Burn: substances that will not

burn.

Stable: substances which will remain

stable when exposed to heat, pressure or
water.

FLAMMABLE

POISON

SPECIFIC HAZAR
Specific Hazard

OXY

--

Oxidizer

ACID

--

Acid

ALK

--

Alkali

COR

--

Corrosive

--

Use No Water

--

Radiation Hazard

PENGERTIAN :
- Catatan yang berisi informasi suatu bahan kimia
TUJUAN :
- Menjamin bahwa bahaya bahan kimia yang ada di
tempat kerja, dan cara penanganannya dikomunikasikan
secara baik sehingga pegawai dan mitra kerja dapat
bekerja dengan selamat dalam menggunakan bahan
tersebut

MSDS
Definisi
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet): Lembaran data mengenai
suatu bahan kimia berbahaya yang memberikan informasi
mengenai bahaya potensial dan cara penanganan yang selamat
atas bahan yang digunakan
Informasi yang terdapat di dalamnya:

17

Identifikasi
Unsur Berbahaya
Data Bahaya Api dan Ledakan
Data Fisik.
Data Bahaya Untuk Kesehatan
Informasi Pelindung Khusus
Prosedur Penanganan Tumpahan atau Kebocoran dan Tindakan
Pencegahan Khusus.

COTOH MSDS
Lembar Inventori Bahan Berbahaya
SBU
UNIT
LOCATION/LOKASI
AREA
FIELD

_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________

Substance Name
Nama Bahan

WORK LOCATION
LOKASI KERJA
__________________________

Manufacturer's Name
Nama Pabrik

Limit : 25 characters
Batas: 25 huruf

Limit : 25 characters
Batas: 25 huruf

PHY FRM-Physical Form/Bentuk fisik

APP - Application/Pemakaian

SP = Powder
LQ = Liquid
Tepung
Cairan
SG = Granule
LG = Liquid Gas
Butiran
Gas Cair
SF = Flake
LS = Slurry
Serpihan
Campuran lembek
SO = Other Solid
GS = Gas
Bahan padat lainnya.

Chemical Inventory
MSDS Log Sheet
Inventarisasi Bahan Kimia
Catatan Lembar Data Bahan Berbahaya

M
S
D
S

Y/N
Ya/Tdk

R= Raw Material
C = Catalyst/Katalisator
Bahan Mentah W = Waste (to Disposal)
I = Intermediate
Limbah (Pembuangan)
Bahan Antara
S = Consumable Supply
A= Additive
Bahan yg dikonsumsi
Bahan Penambah O = Other/Lain-lain
P = Product/Produk
or By-Product/Produk sampingan

Issue
Date
Tgl
keluaran

Start
Date
Tgl mulai
dipakai

End
Date
PHY
Tgl tdk
FRM
dipakai lagi

dd/mm/yy
hr/bln/thn

dd/mm/yy
hr/bln/thn

dd/mm/yy
hr/bln/thn

QTY - Quantity Used/Month

Jumlah terpakai/bulan
A = <10 lb/pon or < 1 gallon
B = 10-100 lb/pon or 1-10 gallon
C = 100-1000 lb/pon or 10-100 gallon
D = >1000 lb/pon or >100 gallon

A
P
P

Q
T
Y

P
K
G USG

Function
Fungsi

Use codes below

Gunakan kode dibawah ini

Limit : 25 Characters
Batas : 25 huruf

PKG - Packaging/Kemasan
B = Bulk/Vol terbesar (Pipeline,
Tank car/Tangker,Tote Bin/
wadah yang dipikul, dll )
L = Large Package/Kemasan
besar,Drum,Bag/Kantong>
10 lb/pon 5 gallon pail/
ember, dll)
S = Small Package/Kemasan
kecil (Bottle/Botol, Can/
kaleng, carton/Dos, dll)

USG - Usage/Pemakaian
OP = Operations
Operasi
MN = Maintenance
Pemeliharaan
LA = Laboratory/Laboratorium.
Additional Codes defined
locally/Kode tambahan yang
diartikan secara lokal

18