NI DUNG BO CO SEMINAR

MN PHN TCH THC PHM

ti:

Alginate
GV hng dn: HUNH KIM LIN
SV thc hin: Trng Phm Th Huy
MSSV: 2091969 - S phm Ha hc K35

I. Gii thiu
Rong bin c rt nhiu ng dng trong cuc sng con ngi. T thi
xa xa con ngi bit s dng rong bin nh l mt cht to kt ng dng
trong mt hay rau cu, dng lm thc phm n king. Nm 1882, Walther Hess
s dng pollysaccharit ca rong bin nh mt cht c nh vi sinh vt, mt
mi trung nui cy v phn lp vi sinh vt.
Ngy nay con ngi s dng rong bin nh mt cht ph gia ng dng
nhiu trong thc phm. H s dng nhng pollysaccharit ca rong bin trong
nhng mc ch c nh, to gel, nh ha sn phm thc phm.
Bi bo co ny nghin cu v cu to, thnh phn ha hc v ng
dng ca rong bin trong cc chu trnh cng ngh ch bin th c ph m cng nh
hm lng qui nh nhm lm sng t nhng thng tin v loi pollysaccharit
thng dng ny.

II. S lc alginate v tnh cht

1. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin
Nm 1881, Stanford l ngi u tin pht hin ra Alginic axit.
Nm 1923, F.C Thernley tin hnh chit rt Alginate th Orkney v
t cng ngh sn xut Alginate ra i.
Nm 1975, Booth vit v lch s cng nghip Alginate da trn kt
qu ca Stanford.
Hin c 17 nh my/9 nc sn xut Alginate bao gm: Nauy, php,
Nht, Canada,Ty ban Nha, Chile, Lin x x v n . C 2 cng ty sn
xut ln : Kelco company ( M) v mt cng ty ca Anh chim 70 % sn
lng th gii. Trung quc l nc ang ni ln rt mnh v lnh vc rong
bin.

2. S lc
Alginate:
L mui ca acid Alginic mt polymer ca -1,4-D-Mannuroic acid (M) v
-1,4-L-Guluronic acid (G)

Acid Alginic l mt polymer i nc v c tnh keo, c tinh ch t

nhiu loi rong nu khc nhau.
Cng thc cu to ca acid Alginic: (C6H6O6)n

2. S lc
Alginate:
L mt acid hu c c trong to nu, c trng lng phn t t
32.000-200.000, do D-Mannuroic acid v L-Guluronic acid lin k t v i
nhau bi lin kt glucozit. N tn ti di dng si, ht hay bt mu
trng vng nu. c dng lm cht to ng, cht n nh, ch t
to gel, cht nh ha, khng tan trong nc v dung mi hu c, tan
chm trongdung dch Carbonate Natri, Hydroxide Natri.
Cc dng thng phm ca Alginate: Natri Alginate, Kali Alginate,
Amon Alginate, Mg Alginate, Caxi Alginate, Propylen glycol Alginate

3. Tnh cht ca Alginate

c chit xut t qu trnh trch ly t nhiu loi rong nu khc nhau bao
gm Macrocytis Pyrifera, Laminaria, Digitata v Ascophylum nodosum
Sodium Alginate l mui ca acid Alginic c lin kt (1-4) guluronic acid.
Alginate polymer a nc v c th to thnh th gel khng thun nghch
vi s hin din ca Ca2+. Bng cch ny Alginate c nh gi c kh
nng to mng tt (MC Dowell, 1968) (trch dn bi Trn Thanh Quang,
2008). Cc tnh cht vt l ca dung dch Sodium Alginate dng trong th c
phm da vo (bng 2.3), tnh cht vt l ca dung dch Sodium Alginate
1% trong nc ct (bng 2.4)

Bng 2.3: Tnh cht vt l dung dch Sodium Alginate dng trong th c
phm (Anon, 1972) (trch dn bi Cao Th Lan Nh, 2008)
m (%)

13

Tro (%)

23

Cht mu (%)

Trng ng

Khi lng ring

1,59

Nhit ha nu (0C)

150

Nhit chy en (0C)

340,460

Nhit ha tan (0C)

480

Nhit chy (0C)

2,5

Bng 2.4: Tnh cht vt l ca dung dch Sodium Alginate 1%

trong nc ct (Anon,1972) (trch dn bi Cao Th Lan Nh,
2008)
Nhit ha tan (Cal/g)

0,08

Ch s khc x (0C)

1,3343

Sc cng b mt (Dynes)

62,0

im gim p khi ng bng

(0C)

0,035

4. c tnh ca Alginate
nht: Khi ha tan cc Alginate vo nc v s ngm nc v to
dung dch nht, nht t l thun vo chiu di phn t ca Alginate.
Bng 2.5: nht ca Alginate, mPa.S (Broorkrield, 20rpm, 200C)
(trch dn bi Cao Th Lan Nh, 2008)
nht
Nng
(%)

Thp

Trung bnh Cao

Rt cao

0,25

15

21

27

0,50

17

41

75

110

0,75

33

93

245

355

1,00

58

230

540

800

1,50

160

810

1950

3550

2,00

375

2100

5200

8750

5. Tnh cht ca mng Alginate

Cc Alginate cng c kh nng to mng rt tt. Cc mng rt n
hi, bn, chu du v khng dnh bt. Mng thuc nhm polysacharide c
kh nng ngn cn oxy v Lipid thm qua v th s c ch c hin tng
oxy ha cht bo v cc thnh phn khc trong thc phm. Bn cnh
mng cn c kh nng lm gim tht thot m v lng m trong mng s
bc hi trc m trong thc phm, t mng bao s hi kh v co li lm
cho lng m bn trong khng thot ra c (Allen, 1963) (trch dn bi
Trn Thanh Quang, 2008).
Mng Alginate c ng dng rng ri trong ngnh cng ngh
thc phm nhm tng thi gian s dng v bo qun cht lng sn phm
c lu hn. Mng bao n c c th c s dng d lm gim tc hi
ca do qu trnh ch bin gy ra. Mng bao va c tc dng ko di th i
gian s dng va ngn cn s mt m v s di chuyn cht tan, phn ng
oxy ha (Baldwin, Nisperos, Chen & Hagenmaier, 1996; Park, 1999; Wong,
Camirand & Pavlath, 1994) (trch dn bi Cao Th Lan Nh, 2008).