Polite Japanese

There are three basic types of honorifics for verbs. It depends on your social rank as to which form to use.
A) Humble ( kenjougo) - This is when referring to oneself or one's family members and (usually) speaking
to someone higher up in social rank, position or some other criteria for determining status. However even some
people with high positions may choose to use the humble form with those under him/her.
B) ~masu - As mentioned above ~masu / desu is actually teineigo or polite language, but I'm using the
familiar ~masu form for an easy comparison to the the kenjougo and sonkeigo forms.
C) Respectful ( sonkeigo) - This is what you say to your boss or those higher up when speaking to them. If
you are speaking about yourself, you will use the humble form.

Humble
Normal
(speaking to your boss about
(speaking to your friends)
yourself)

Respectful
(speaking to your boss about
your boss)

moushimasu
You know this from "name to
moushimasu"

haiken shimasu

itadakimasu

mimasu
to see

iimasu
to say

tabemasu
to eat

goran ni narimasu

osshaimasu

meshi agarimasu

mairimasu

kimasu
to come

This is the humble form for

both to come and go!

This is the respectful form for

both to come and go!

itashimasu

shimasu
to do

nasaimasu

ikimasu
to go

For a more detailed explanation and many more examples see here.
The power ""upPolite Part II

irasshaimasu