CONVERSION FACTORS

Length
I meter = 39.37 in.
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 feet = 30.48 cm = 0.3048 m
1 mile = 5,280 ft = 1,720 yard = 1,609.344 m
1 nautical mile = 6,076 ft
Mass
1 lbm = 453.6 g = 0.4536 kg = 7,000 gr (grain)
1 kg = l.OOOg = 2.2046 lbm
1 slug = 1 lbfsVft = 32.174 lbm
1 U.S. ton = 2,000 lbm (also called short ton)
1 long ton = 2,240 lbm (also called British ton)
1 tonne = 1,000 kg (also called metric ton) = 2,204.6 lbm
lkip = 1,0001b
Force
1 lbf = 4.448 N = 4.448 x 10^ dynes
1 lbf = 32.174poundals = 32.174Ibmft/s^
Pressure
1 atm = 14.69595 psia = 2,118 Ibf/ft'
= 29.92 in. Hg = 760 mm = 1.013 bars
= 33.93 ft H2O = 1.013x10 Pa = 101.3 kPa
1 Pa = 1 N W = 10"^ bars

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APPENDIX

Volume
lft^ = 7.481 U.S. gal = 6.31 imperial gal = 28.316 liter
Im^ = 1,000 liters = 10'cm' = 264.2 U.S. gal = 35.31ft = 264.2 gal
= 35.31 ft^
lbbl = 42 U.S. gal = 5.61 ft^
1 bbi = 9694.08 in.^
Density
Water = 62.41bm/ft' = 1,000 kg/m^ = 1 g/cm^ = 8.33 lbmAJ.S. gal

SG@60F =

=API@60F+131.5

Velocity
1 knot = 1 nautical mile/hr
60 mph = 88 ft/s
Temperature
F = 1.8 (C)-H 32
R = F +459.67 = 1.8 (K)
K = (C) +273.16
Energy
1 J = I k g m V = 10'dyne
1 btu = 777 ft-lbf = 252 cal = 1,055 J
1 hp hr = 2,545 btu
1 kw hr = 3,412 btu = 1.341 hp hr
Power
1 hp = 550ftlbf/s = 33,000 ft-lbf/min

Conversion Factors

Gas Constant
R =
=
=
=
=
=

1.987 btu/lb m o r R = 1.987 caVg mol K

0.7302 atm ft'/lb mol R = 1,545 ft-lbf/lb mol "^
0.08206 L atm/g mol K
82.06 atm cm^ mol K
8,314 Pa m^ mol K ox. J/kg mol K
8.314 kJ/kg mol K

Viscosity
1 cP = 0.01 poise = 0.01 g/cms = 0.01 dynes/cm^
= 0.001 kg/ms = mPas = 0.001 N s/m^
= 2.42 lbm/ft hr = 0.0752 slug/ft hr
= 6.72 X 10"Mbm/ft-s
= 2.09xl0"Mbfs/ft1 Pas = 0.0209 lbf-s/ft^ = 0.672 Ibm/ft-s
Acceleration due to gravity: g = 32.2 ft/s^ = 9.81
Prefix Scale
T
G
tera giga

h
da
hecto de 10"

i A A A A^
I T! I 1! M T

i\

M
k
mega kilo
11
1

10'

10'

10*

10-'

10"

-()

10'=

10*

10'

10'

10'

10'

10

m
|i
n
d
c
p
dwl cnti mllll micro nano pico

FIGURE A.I Metric prefix scale.

635