Working towards a better tomorrow... Chem Colloids is an organization committed towards developing products for the Paper, Water & Waste Water, Ceramics, Mining and Sugar Industries. Chem Colloids commitment is towards Research and Innovation for a wide spectrum of Industries to provide products that, improve efficiencies, economies and the environment. Chem Colloids offers its customers intelligent system solutions and customized products. ATs cere een Cesar nc i Paes eatery eres Teena Rag ecu ee i oat Ce Seon e Cerone seus Pee eRe Ree nas COLLOIDAL PARTICLES & COAGULATION Colloidal particles are the cause of objectionable turbidity, color, taste & odor in water. These particles can be minerals (silts, clays, hydroxides &metallic salts), organics (acids from decomposing organic matters, colorants, surface active agent) or biological (bacteria, plankton, algae & viruses). As these particles are very small — less than 1 micron in diameter, they are Virtually impossible to settle, float or filter. These particles have to undergo the process of coagulation before they can be removed. Due to the extremely small size of the particles, the area to mass ration is decreased to the extent, that the negative electrical charge on their surfaces causes inter-particle repulsion. Coagulants are added to neutralize and chemically bridge these particles together. The process of Coagulation promotes agglomeration and then floc formation. These flocs are large easily removable masses through clarification processes. © @e Chemical Bridging particle aggrgation by means of a Cationic polyelectrolyte Charge Neutralisation decrease of electric repulsive forces Fixed layer © © Coagulants Bos ® oO os @ @ AV V9 ~ EN Cc Colloid © “BB vrs fe . 2 ® Initial Adsorption: Initial Coagulation KI Coagulants 4 micron, Cationic coagulant neutralizes negative charge of colloidOrganic Coagulation: New generation Coagulant grade — cationic polymers are rapidly replacing the traditional inorganic coagulants such as aluminium sulphate and ferric chloride, due to their distinct superior advantages, such as: + Equal or better results at dosages up to 10 times lower + Easy usage across broad range of pH and alkalinity + Noalteration of treated water pH Unaffected by chlorination Do not add soluble metals (eg. Alor Fe) to finished water + Increased solid — liquid separation rate Elimination of mono-cellular algae Volume of sludge generated is minimized Ameasily dewatered sludge produce + Reduced sludge treatment & disposal costs Ease of handling and feed Chem Colloids offers both major types of coagulant-grade cationic polymers and Dicynamdiamide Resins: ~ PolyAmines «© PolyDadmacs © Dicyandiamide Resins Chem Colloids range of coagulant polymers provide both, the high cationic charge, required to destabilize the negatively charged colloidal particles and promote floc formation as well as. the, relatively low molecular weight, required to assure good distribution of polymer in the treated water and of cationic charges around colloidal particles.CHEM COLLOIDS POLYAMINES: Chem Colloids quartemary polyamines are produced by the condensation reaction of a primary or secondary amine on epichlorohydrin. By controlling the sequence of monomer addition, the molecular weight can be varied from 10,000 to 1,000,000. The amine function determines the specific cationic charge and the bridging capacity of these coagulants. Unlike other polyelectrolytes, PolyAmines have their cationic charge on the main molecularchain. ry H, - CH- CH2 - Cl + (CHs3)2 NH mami N* - CH2 - CH - CHa cl ° CH, OH Epichlorhydtrin Dimethylamine Polyamine Properties of Chem Colloids PolyAmines: Molecular Weight from 10,000 to 1,000,000 Liquid form, concentration from 20% to 50% Cationic site on main chain Viscosity of 50% solution from 40 to 15,000 ops Chlorine stability Compatibility when mixed with inorganic coagulants Superior stability in storage Can be fedneat, ordiluted Main Applications of Polyamines As organic coagulants in water treatment which may partially or completely replace inorganic coagulants Asa fixing agentin the Paper making process Decolourisation of Cane Juice in manufacture of Sugar manufacturing © De-oiling applicationsin refineries © For Latex Coagulation ©CHEM COLLOIDS POLYDADMACS: PolyDadmacs are synthesized from allyl chloride and dimethylamine. Polymerization takes place cyclization of Dadmac momoner, with the following two structures produced: CH,= CH CH= CH, Base CH, CH, 2CH,= CH-CH, Cl +(CHs)2NH i> No cH, CH, Allyl Chloride Dimethylemine baomac CH,- CH CH= CH, CH, cH, Nt CH, CH, n PolyDADMAC Properties of Chem Colloids PolyDADMACs: © Molecular Weight from 10,000 to 1,000,000. » Concentrations from 20 to 40% Cationic site on secondary chain Viscosity of 40% solution of liquid from 40 to 6,000 ~ Chlorine stability © Compatibility when mixed with inorganic coagulants ~ Superior stability in storage - Can be fed neat, or diluted Main Applications of PolyDADMACs @ - Coagulants for water © ~ Neutralizing agents for harmful anionic colloidal substances Ss » Asanionic trash catcher for waste paper recycle industry © For treating the ultrafines recirculating in the white water for paper making. » Decolourisation of Sugar syrup in Cane Sugar manufacturing » Decolourisation of Sugar re-melt in Sugar refineries.CHEM COLLOIDS DICYANDIAMIDE RESINS ( POLYDCDA): PolyDCDAs are manufactured by condensation of dicyamdiamide with formaldehyde Properties of Chem Colloids PolyDCDAs Molecular weight 3000 to 150,000 Cationic sites ona side chain Liquids at 40 to 50% concentration Viscosity 50-900 cps Very High Cationicity Main applications of PolyD CDA Coagulant for color removal in textile effluent © Dye fixers for textile printing and in paper ce Laboratory Evaluation: Laboratory testing is essential for deciding the polymer program that will effectively and economically achieve optimum clarification in plant scale applications. Ajartestis a standard method for this. Jar tests are quick and easily controllable testing procedures to evaluate a variety of treatment options. + Chemical Treatment: type of coagulant, concentration and dosage, and order of addition. + Operating Conditions: intensity and duration of agitation, settling time, etc. Jar Test Procedure defines the minimum coagulant dosage required to destabilize colloidal ‘suspensions in the raw water to be treated. Procedure for choosing primary coagulant and dosage: Step 1: measure temperature, pH and turbidity of water to be treated. Step 2:{ill each beaker with 1 litre of water to be treated Step 3: add organic coagulant- neat or as a prepared solution — in varying measured amounts into each beaker, either with or without a mineral coagulant ‘Step 4: quick agitation phase: hydrolysis (250 rpm for 2 minutes) ‘Step 5: Slow agitation phase: floc formation (40 rpm for 15 minutes) Step 6: no agitation phase: sedimentation (20 minutes) Step 7: sample and evaluate supernatant, after3, 5 and 20 minutesUse of Coagulants: In treatment of water, organic coagulants can be used alone (as a primary coagulant) or together with mineral coagulants. When used asa primary coagulant, organic coagulants can reduce or at times even eliminate inorganic coagulants. When used in combination, inorganic coagulants can be replaced by organic coagulants at almost one tenth the dosage. Based on the water conditions the optimum mixing conditions can be determined. Both organic and inorganic coagulants can be mixed and dosed. But it has been observed that separate addition show better results on the quality of coagulation. The independence of organic coagulants with regards to pH means, they are very efficient in different treatment systems © SERVICES © Application equipment: © © State of the art equipment or preparation and dosing. Inhouse design and construction. Application support Technical experts with in depth product and application know how «Product selection support. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Our research and development activities aim at converting market trends and scientific ideas info successful innovations. Through new technologies we tap into varied market opportunities. In addition to analyzing and developing new products for our customers of every vertical, the R&D department continuously endeavors to innovate and add value to the end products of the customers to increase Efficiencies, Economies and the Environment. The R&D department serves as a link between production and product application thereby being sensitive to the competitive market and its ever changing needs. ‘Sy No 478, Ward No 13, NH 44 Main Road (Old NH 7), ‘Toopran, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh - 502334 Tel: +91 -8454-202123 email: info@chemcoll.com