SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING CNG NGH MI

LM THAY I CU TRC MNG

KS. Bi Trung Thnh
Phng NCPT Mng v H thng
Tm tt: Kin trc mng truyn thng ang ngy cng tr nn khng ph hp vi nhu cu
kinh doanh ca cc doanh nghip, nh khai thc mng ca nh ngi dng cui. Ngy nay nhu
cu kinh doanh yu cu mng phi p ng vic thay i nhanh chng cc thng s v tr, bng
thng, nh tuyn, QoS, bo mt, Bi bo ny gii thiu v Software Defined Networking
(SDN), mt cng ngh mi, mt phng php tip cn mi ti networking lm thay i kin trc
mng hin nay nhm p ng cc nhu cu kinh doanh mi. Trong SDN, phn iu khin ca
thit b mng c tch ri khi phn cng v c thc hin bng ng dng phn mm gi l
Controller, v giao tip vi phn cng thng qua cc giao thc truyn thng, trong
OpenFlow ni ln nh l mt giao thc vi nhiu u im nht. Phng php trn cho php k
s mng v ngi qun tr c th nh hnh lu lng t mt giao din iu khin trung tm m
khng cn chm vo cc Switch, qua phn hi nhanh chng ti cc yu cu thay i kinh
doanh.
1.

cung cp kh nng cho php lp ng dng

lp trnh li (cu hnh li) mng (iu
chnh cc tham s tr, bng thng, nh
tuyn, ) thng qua lp iu khin.

GII THIU

Hin nay nhu cu v ng dng ca cc

end-user ang ngy cng gia tng, ko theo
l nhu cu khc nhau ca ngi dng v
mng kt ni. Mng cn phi p ng vic
thay i nhanh chng cc thng s v tr,
bng thng, nh tuyn, bo mt, theo cc
yu cu ca cc ng dng. Mt mng c th
lp trnh s p ng c yu cu trn, m ra
nhiu cnh ca mi ti cc ng dng.
T chc phi li nhun ONF (Open
Networking Foundation), c thnh lp bi
cc cng ty Deutsche Telekom, Facebook,
Google, Microsoft, Verizon, v Yahoo!,
nh ngha cng ngh SDN nh l gii php
cung cp mt mng nh vy. SDN l mt
kin trc linh hot, d qun l, hiu sut cao
v thch nghi tt, khin cng ngh ny l
tng cho cc ng dng i hi bng thng
cao v cn s linh hot hin nay. Trong SDN,
phn iu khin mng c tch ra khi phn
chuyn tip v c th cho php lp trnh trc
tip c.
2.

Hnh 1. Kin trc ca SDN

- Lp ng dng: l cc ng dng kinh
doanh c trin khai trn mng, c kt
ni ti lp iu khin thng qua cc API,
cung cp kh nng cho php lp ng dng
lp trnh li (cu hnh li) mng (iu
chnh cc tham s tr, bng thng, nh
tuyn, ) thng qua lp iu khin.
- Lp iu khin: l ni tp trung cc b
iu khin thc hin vic iu khin cu
hnh mng theo cc yu cu t lp ng
dng v kh nng ca mng. Cc b iu
khin ny c th l cc phn mm c
lp trnh. Ngoi ra truyn thng iu
khin lp c s h tng, lp iu khin s
dng cc c ch nh OpenFlow, ONOS,

KIN TRC CA SDN

Kin trc ca SDN gm 3 lp ring bit:

lp ng dng, lp iu khin, v lp c s h
tng (lp chuyn tip). Trong :
- Lp ng dng: l cc ng dng kinh
doanh c trin khai trn mng, c kt
ni ti lp iu khin thng qua cc API,
175

ForCES, PCEP, NETCONF, SNMP hoc

thng qua cc c ch ring bit.

- M ra c hi cho cc nh cung cp thit b

trung gian khi phn iu khin c tch
ri khi phn cng. iu ny khin SDN
c th coi nh l Cisco killer.

- Lp c s h tng: l cc thit b mng

thc t (vt l hay o ha) thc hin vic
chuyn tip gi tin theo s iu khin ca
lp iu khin. Mt thit b mng c th
hot ng theo s iu khin ca nhiu b
iu khin khc nhau, iu ny gip tng
cng kh nng o ha ca mng.

3.

GIAO THC OPENFLOW

tch bit hn phn iu khin ra khi

phn chuyn tip v cung cp kh nng lp
trnh cho lp iu khin, ONF s dng giao
thc OpenFlow. OpenFlow l tiu chun u
tin, cung cp kh nng truyn thng gia
cc giao din ca lp iu khin v lp
chuyn tip trong kin trc SDN. OpenFlow
cho php truy cp trc tip v iu khin mt
phng chuyn tip ca cc thit b mng nh
switch v router, c thit b vt l v thit b
o, do gip di chuyn phn iu khin
mng ra khi cc thit b chuyn mch thc
t ti phn mm iu khin trung tm.

Vi kin trc nh trn, SDN cung cp

cc kh nng:
- Lp iu khin c th c lp trnh trc
tip.
- Mng c iu chnh, thay i mt cch
nhanh chng thng qua vic thay i trn
lp iu khin.
- Mng c qun l tp trung do phn iu
khin c tp trung trn lp iu khin.

3.1. Cc c trng ca OpenFlow

- Cu hnh lp c s h tng c th c
lp trnh trn lp ng dng v truyn t
xung cc lp di.

- OpenFlow c th c s dng bi ng
dng phn mm ngoi iu khin mt
phng chuyn tip ca cc thit b mng,
ging nh tp lnh ca CPU iu khin
mt h thng my tnh.

Vi nhng tnh nng mi, SDN em li

cc li ch sau:

- Giao thc OpenFlow c trin khai trn

c hai giao din ca kt ni gia cc thit
b c s h tng mng v phn mm iu
khin SDN.

- Gim CapEx: SDN gip gim thiu cc

yu cu mua phn cng theo mc ch xy
dng cc dch v, phn cng mng trn c
s ASIC, v h tr m hnh pay-as-yougrow (tr nhng g bn dng) loi b
lng ph cho vic d phng.

- OpenFlow s dng khi nim cc flow

(lung) nhn dng lu lng mng trn
c s nh ngha trc cc qui tc ph hp
(c lp trnh tnh hoc ng bi phn
mm iu khin SDN). Giao thc ny
cng cho php nh ngha cch m lu
lng phi c truyn qua cc thit b
mng trn c s cc tham s, chng hn
nh m hnh lu lng s dng, ng
dng, v ti nguyn m my. Do
OpenFlow cho php mng c lp trnh
trn c s lung lu lng. Mt kin trc
SDN trn c s OpenFlow cung cp iu
khin mc cc k chi tit, cho php
mng phn hi s thay i theo thi gian
thc ca ng dng, ngi dng v mc
phin. Mng nh tuyn trn c s IP hin
ti khng cung cp mc ny ca iu
khin, tt c cc lung lu lng gia hai
im cui phi theo cng mt ng
thng qua mng, mc d yu cu ca
chng khc nhau.

- Gim OpEx: thng qua cc phn t mng

c gia tng kh nng lp trnh, SDN
gip d dng thit k, trin khai, qun l
v m rng mng. Kh nng phi hp v
d phng t ng khng nhng gim thi
gian qun l tng th, m cn gim xc
sut li do con ngi ti vic ti u kh
nng v tin cy ca dch v.
- Truyn ti nhanh chng v linh hot: gip
cc t chc trin khai nhanh hn cc ng
dng, cc dch v v c s h tng
nhanh chng t c cc mc tiu kinh
doanh.
- Cho php thay i: cho php cc t chc
to mi cc kiu ng dng, dch v v m
hnh kinh doanh, c th to ra cc
lung doanh thu mi v nhiu gi tr hn
t mng.

176

- Mt thit b OpenFlow bao gm t nht 3

thnh phn:

OpenFlow c th tch hp t t vi c s
h tng hin c ca doanh nghip hoc
nh khai thc mng, v cung cp phng
thc tch hp n gin cho cc phn ca
mng cn n cc chc nng SDN nht.

Flow Table: mt lin kt hnh ng vi

mi lung, gip thit b x l cc lung
th no,

3.2. Li ch khi s dng OpenFlow

Cng ngh SDN trn c s OpenFlow
cho php nhn vin IT gii quyt cc ng
dng bng thng cao v bin i ng hin
nay, khin cho mng thch ng vi cc nhu
cu kinh doanh thay i, v lm gim ng
k cc hot ng v qun l phc tp. Nhng
li ch m cc doanh nghip v nh khai thc
mng c th t c thng qua kin trc
SDN trn c s OpenFlow bao gm:

Hnh 2. V d v Flow Table trn mt thit b

Secure Channel: knh kt ni thit b
ti b iu khin (controller), cho php
cc lnh v cc gi tin c gi gia
b iu khin v thit b,

- Tp trung ha iu khin trong mi

trng nhiu nh cung cp thit b: phn
mm iu khin SDN c th iu khin
bt k thit b mng no cho php
OpenFlow t bt k nh cung cp thit b
no, bao gm switch, router, v cc switch
o.

OpenFlow Protocol: giao thc cung

cp phng thc tiu chun v m cho
mt b iu khin truyn thng vi
thit b.

- Gim s phc tp thng qua vic t ng

ha: kin trc SDN trn c s OpenFlow
cung cp mt framework qun l mng t
ng v linh hot. T framework ny c
th pht trin cc cng c t ng ha cc
nhim v hin ang c thc hin bng
tay.
- Tc i mi cao hn: vic p dng
OpenFlow cho php cc nh khai thc
mng lp trnh li mng trong thi gian
thc t c cc nhu cu kinh doanh
v yu cu ngi dng c th khi c s
thay i.

Hnh 3: Cu trc mt thit b OpenFlow

- Gia tng tin cy v kh nng an ninh

ca mng: cc nhn vin IT c th nh
ngha cc trng thi cu hnh v chnh
sch mc cao, v p dng ti c s h
tng thng qua OpenFlow. Kin trc SDN
trn c s OpenFlow cung cp iu khin
v tm nhn hon chnh trn mng, nn c
th m bo iu khin truy nhp, nh
hnh lu lng, QoS, an ninh, v cc
chnh sch khc c thc thi nht qun
trn ton b c s h tng mng khng
dy v c dy, bao gm c cc vn phng
chi nhnh, cc c s chnh v DC.

- Giao thc OpenFlow l mt cha kha

cho php cc mng nh ngha bng phn
mm, v cng l giao thc tiu chun
SDN duy nht cho php iu khin mt
phng chuyn tip ca cc thit b mng.
T vic p dng khi u ti mng trn c
s Ethernet, cc SDN trn c s
OpenFlow c th c trin khai trn cc
mng ang tn ti, c vt l v o ha.
- OpenFlow ang ngy cng c h tr
rng ri bi cc nh cung cp c s h
tng khc nhau, thng qua vic trin khai
mt firmware n gin hoc nng cp
phn mm. Kin trc SDN trn c s
177

- iu khin mng chi tit hn: m hnh

iu khin trn c s flow ca OpenFlow
cho php nhn vin IT p dng cc chnh
sch ti mc chi tit, bao gm phin,
ngi dng, thit b, v cc mc ng
dng, trong mt s tru tng ha cao, t
ng iu chnh thch hp.

off linh hot hn vi cc nh cung cp m

my bn ngoi. Vi cc cng c qun l
an ton cc mng o ca mnh, cc doanh
nghip v cc n v kinh doanh s tin vo
cc dch v m my hn.

- Tt hn vi tri nghim ngi dng: bng

vic tp trung ha iu khin mng v to
ra trng thi thng tin c sn cho cc ng
dng mc cao hn, kin trc SDN trn c
s OpenFlow c th p ng tt hn cho
cc nhu cu thay i ca ngi dng.

SDN cung cp cho cc nh mng, cc

nh cung cp m my cng cng, v cc
nh cung cp dch v, s m rng v t ng
cn thit trin khai mt m hnh tnh ton
c ch cho ITaaS (IT-as-a-Service). iu ny
c thc hin thng qua vic n gin ha
trin khai cc dch v ty chn v theo yu
cu, cng vi vic chuyn di sang m mnh
selfservice. M hnh tp trung, d phng v
iu khin t ng ca SDN d dng h tr
cho thu linh hot ti nguyn, m bo ti
nguyn mng c trin khai ti u, gim
CapEx v OpEx, tng gi tr v tc dch
v.

4.

4.2. Phm vi cc nh cung cp h tng v

dch v vin thng

NG DNG CA SDN

Vi nhng li ch m mnh em li,

SDN c th trin khai trong phm vi cc
doanh nghip (Enterprises) hoc trong c cc
nh cung cp h tng v dch v vin thng
gii quyt cc yu cu ca cc nh cung
cp ti mi phn khc th trng.
4.1. Phm vi doanh nghip

5.

a) p dng trong mng doanh nghip

KT LUN

Bi bo cung cp ci nhn tng qut

v SDN, v giao thc OpenFlow s dng
truyn thng gia thit b v b iu khin
trong kin trc SDN. Qua ch ra c
nhng li ch m SDN mang li, nhng li
ch m kin trc SDN trn c s OpenFlow
em li. Vi chc nng ca mnh, th SDN l
mt cng ngh m CDIT phi tham gia
nghin cu v pht trin, iu ny gip CDIT
t vn hng pht trin cng ngh v o to
cn b cho cc nh khai thc ti Vit Nam,
cng nh tham gia vo cng tc o to sinh
vin ti Hc vin. Trong , cc hng
nghin cu v cc b iu khin Controller
ca kin trc SDN, cc ng dng trn nn
tng SDN, cc vn v iu khin QoS,
iu khin Security trong mng SDN, l
ph hp nht vi kh nng v s pht trin
ca CDIT.

M hnh tp trung, iu khin v d

phng t ng ca SDN h tr vic hi t d
liu, voice, video, cng nh l vic truy cp
ti bt k thi im no, bt k u. iu ny
c thc hin thng qua vic cho php nhn
vin IT thc thi chnh sch nht qun trn c
c s h tng khng dy v c dy. Hn na,
SDN h tr vic qun l v gim st t ng
ti nguyn mng, xc nh bng cc h s c
nhn v cc yu cu ca ng dng, m
bo ti u tri nghim ngi dng vi kh
nng ca mng.
b) p dng trong Data Center (DC)
Vic o ha cc thc th mng ca kin
trc SDN cho php vic m rng trong DC,
di c t ng cc my o, tch hp cht ch
hn vi kho lu tr, s dng server tt hn,
s dng nng lng thp hn, v ti u bng
thng.
c) p dng i vi dch v Cloud

6.

Khi c s dng h tr mt mi
trng m my ring hoc tch hp, SDN
cho php cc ti nguyn mng c cp pht
theo phng thc linh hot cao, cho php d
phng nhanh cc dch v m my v hand-

1. Open Networking Foundation, White

paper, Software-Defined Networking: The
New Norm for Networks;

178

TI LIU THAM KHO

2. Cengiz Alaettinoglu, White paper:

Software Defined Networking, Packet
Design;

Jonathan Turner, OpenFlow: Enabling

Innovation in Campus Networks;
4. Open Networking Foundation, OpenFlow
Switch Specification;

3. Nick McKeown, Tom Anderson, Hari

Balakrishnan, Guru Parulkar, Larry
Peterson, Jennifer Rexford, Scott Shenker,

Thng tin tc gi:

5. www.opennetworking.org

Bi Trung Thnh
Nm sinh: 1988
L lch khoa hc: Tt nghip Trng HBK H Ni, 2006, Chuyn
ngnh: in t - Vin thng)
Hng nghin cu: SDN, 4G-LTE, Networking
Email: thanhbt@ptit.edu.vn; thanhbt@cdit.com.vn

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