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BulletinoftheEthnographicalInstituteSASA,volXLIV
1995.

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 ....XLIV(1995)

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C v e t k o,Seljaciindustrijskiradnici,"Rad",Beograd1955C i f r i I v a n,RevolucijaiseljatvouJugoslaviji,
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19
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20
N a u m o v i S .,op.cit.,104.

 ....XLIV(1995)

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R i v i e r e C .,op.cit.,230243.
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86,39,23,7678.
24
Ibid.,39.
25
Ibid.,56.
22

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o l o v i I v a n , Bordelratnika,XXvek,Beograd1993,8392.
29
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30
, , "", 1990,7273.
27

 ....XLIV(1995)

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136154.
36
: K o s t i C .,op.cit.,124.
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Cviji Jovan,Izdrutvenihnauka, "VukKaradi",Beograd,1965,163.
38
Ibid.,163.
39
Ibid.,160.
40
Ibid.,147.
41
Ibid.,162.

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Ibid.,151.
45
: K o s t i C .,op.cit.,126127.
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, op.cit., . ,58.

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B o g d a n o v i B o g d a n , Gradkenotaf,Durieux,Zagreb1993.

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SlobodanNAUMOVI
SERBIANVILLAGEANDPEASANTRYBETWEENTHE
NATIONALANDPARTYSYMBOLS
Incountriesinwhichthepeasantryrepresentedadominantsocialcategoryforalongerperiodoftime,andhada
crucialroleinliberationwarsandinthecreationofmodernnationalstates,thevillage,peasantsandtheelementsof
thepeasantculturehavebecomestrongpoliticalsymbols.Inthistextpoliticalsymbolslabeleithersignsorsubjects
whichhavebeenarbitrarilygivencertainpoliticalmeaningorvalue,andbymeansofwhichpoliticalrealitymaybe
comprehended,emotionsmaybeinspired,actionsmaybeincited,politicalcommunicationmayberealizedoractual
socialsituationmaybeconcealed.Inordertousethepoliticalsymbolsasefficientlyaspossible,politicalprotagonists
applydifferentstrategies:adoptionoftheexistingreligioussymbols,takingoveroftraditionalsymbolsorcreationof
completelynew ones.Atthat,politicalprotagonistsmayusepoliticalsymbolsinthestrictsense(anthems,arms,flags,
etc.) and in the wide sense of the term (all objects, persons, words, texts, pictures, music and other happenings by
meansofwhichitispossibletotransmitdesiredmessages),aswellasvariousformsofsymbolicphenomena(visual,
auditive,olfactory,gustatory,tactile,aswellasactionsandindividuals).Thenamedsymbolicmeans,forwhichinthis
elaborate there are given appropriate examples from the Serbian political and cultural life, are indispensable for
expressionofbasicsymbolicelementsandfortransmissionofmainpoliticalsubjectmatter(nationalandparty).Inour
case, basic symbolic elements can be grouped in three categories: popular, that is to say, peasant tongue and oral
creative work,popular,i.e.,peasantculture(materialajkaaSerbmilitarycap,gunjrug,opanakstrapped
softsoledfootwearsocialinstitutionszadruga,tribepopularreligion Easter,Christmas,St.SavasDay,St.Vitus
Day, family patrons day and national music and dance) and peasant psychological characteristics. Following the
examples in which the major symbolic elements from all three mentioned categories are brought into the political
context, and are used as either national or party symbols, this elaborate is brought to an end with a warning that
excessiveuseofthepeasantsassymbolsmayleadtotheuseofthepeasantryashumanbeings.

63

:J o v i i V ., op.cit.,304.

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