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    Physics GRE 1986 PDF

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    Ruskin Patel

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    77 THE GRADUATE RECORD EXAMINATIONS PHYSICS TEST Do not break the seat until you are told t0 do so. The contents of this test are confldential. Disclosure or reproduction of any portion Of itis prohibited. Copyright © 1985 by Educational Testing Service, All rights reserved. Princeton, NJ. 08541 EVALUATING YOUR PERFORMANCE (GR8677) ‘Now that you have scored your test, you inay wish to compare your performance with the performance of others who took this test, Two kinds of information are provided, both using performance data from GRE Physics examinees tested. ‘between October 1981 and September 1984. Interpretive data based on the scores ‘earned by examinees tested in this three-year period were used by admissions officers in 1986-87. ‘The first kind of information is based on the performance of a sample of the examinees who took the test in October 1985, This sample was selected to ‘epresent the total population of GRE Physics examinees tested between October 1981 and September 1984. On the work sheet you used to determine your score isa column labeled “Ps.” The numbers in this column indicate the percent of the ‘examinees in this sample who answered each question correctly, You may use ‘these numbers as a guide for evaluating your performance on each test question, Also included, for each scaled score, isthe percent of examinees tested between October 1981 und September 1984 who received lower scores. These. percents appear inthe score conversions table in column to the right of the scaled scores. For example, inthe percent column opposite the scaled score of {660 is the percent 57. This means that 57 percent of the Physics examinees ‘tested between October 1981 and September 1984 scored lower than 660. To ‘compare yourself with this population, look at the percent next to the scaled seore ‘you earned on the practice test. This nunnber is a reasonable indication of your rank among GRE Physics Test examinees if you followed the test-taking sugges- tons in this practice book. It is important to realize thatthe conditions under which you tested yourself ‘were not exactly the same as those you will encounter ata test center. It is, impossible to predict how different test-taking conditions will affect test perfor- ‘mance, and this is only one factor that may account for differences between your ‘Practice test sores and your actual test scores, By comparing your performance ‘on this ptactice test with the performance of other GRE Physics Test examinees, ‘however, you will be able to determine your strengths and weaknesses and can ‘then plan a program of study to prepare yourself for taking the Physics Test under standard conditions. B © ee e ee e ee ef. e Se GRADUATE RECORD Examinations’ - GRE’ - suavect test SIDE Se eer oe € 8 9000000000000000000000 06050000000 0050s i (009000000000060000000000000e000000000¢2 er a 08990000000000000009000090000000000004|! ateteteratatatatatal fel lai] 22 (0009600000000Ge000e00090000009900000013 elelsieisisigigieis| Ie} (8) | 2& £9980000000000090000000080009000080000% sisleigialsisis|sie 8} |e Se [FERGsoessssatessersessseszezszsazerzis| srsieisisisigigigiai ie gi} P8000000090 8008860000000 000000000000) Ha Ee 2 99000000000000000000000000000800000005 [gigigigiaig|gigisig Br sh] g & 9 90990000000G0009090000000000NHOOO0000I Igigielgiieigigisie 8] 18 sé 90000006000000000000000000000000000000 sielelelsisisierelel |e 3 ge 9 9900000000000000000000R0000R09NRQQDLA eisigieyersigiegie) (a igi] £g [sess essecreacacscesssesstasenssserccce sialeis|sigistgiei3) le} |e re 9 9990000000008000000000500000000000000 slejalelsisioieleist (Sf Wl] ge 090090000000000800000000000000G0000000 algislsisisigigigigt 1g is} | 28 8 0900600900000000000000000000000000000 sieieisiagisigigig By eh | Be 9 © 8000600008 00000000000000000900090000 sere teiiaisigiet 2} {2 a: 9 80000060000000000000G00000G0900000000 EB [sc cc cc ccscnete cee Ra SER RRERRRERR ARBRE S Steer Fa eRe | cars | [© S0GKC Secunmy—] [~S ReaisTmATON | [= THLE GoDE |[7TEST WME cameo Spare oF ee owe ee Fo ae rs — eo [i [re eusaasy tom rcmason sea] | “erent 2 ao T FoR £008 ea oma 5 SS helateta| lelalataatalata ea eae foetal ~ = Sm ies gl og slesiss eal Bseessel sega S wl8 gig al 12 8 Sie gle ge sl 188889 9a 10 3 3 0 ole ae wmaraca| [9 = /0 l6 sl loo gic gles 8a] [296998 6) [2 8 8 8 Sirs girmporeenac rane ia Bim] Sie gl Hos sle sles esl lege age gl (gee e sf eee eae De 3 bas ruerona-| 19 sm! 918 0! Jo 9 Sle ala Sea) occ sss e) 8888s = ~T IB &] 8188] [oo ole slogo a) [6508380) [0006 oS a om] 916 9) log ols sia seal Issoessel locas oar commun —oosnam | |o ce | ol” 3] [8 dale sia 888] [eee ees S| 8888 SionaTunE: @, oreo yeaa re Ma Semourcrmen Gime wanep cma TABLE OF INFORMATION Rest mass of the electron my = 9.11 * 10° kilogram = 9.11 X 10° gram Magnitude of the electron charge ¢ = 1.60 X 10"! coulomb = 4.80 x 10°" stateoulomb (est) Avogadro's number Ny = 6.02% 10% per mole Universal ges constant R=8,32 joules/(mole- K) Boltzmann's constant k= 1.38 X 10° joule/K = 1.38% 107 erg) K Speed of light € = 3.00 X 10% m/s = 3.00 x 10%° om/s Planck's constant h = 6.63 x 10"™ joule second = 4.14 X 107 eV «second ‘Vacuum permittivity & = 885% 10" coulombt/ (newton: meter®) Vacuum permeability io An X 10°7 weber) (ampere - meter) Universal gravitational constant = 6.67 10" meter?/(kilogram - second?) ‘Acceleration due to gravity = 9.80 m/s? = 980 ems? 1 atmosphere pressure 1 atm = 1,0 108 newton/ meter? = 1,0 X 10 pascals (Pa) Angstrom 1A 1X10 meter J weber/mt = | tesla = 10 gauss PHYSICS TEST ‘Time—170 minutes 100 Questions Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or com- Plstions, Select the one that is best in each case and then blacken the corresponding space on the answer sheet A rock is throwa vertically upward with initial speed vg. Assume a friction force proportional to —¥, where ¥ is the velocity of the rock, and neglect tie buoyant force exerted by air. Which of the following is correct? (A) The acceleration of the rock is always equal to g (B) The acceleration of the rock is equal to g only at the top of the flight. (©) The acceleration of the rock is always less than (D) The speed of the rock upon return to its starting point isu, (E) The rock can attain a terminal speed greater than vp before it returns to its starting point. A satellite orbits the Earth in a circular orbit, ‘An astronaut on board perturbs the orbit slightly by briefly firing a control jet aimed toward the Earth's center. Afterward, which of the following is true of the satellite's path? (A) I is.an ellipse. {B) It is a hyperbola, (© Itisa circle with larger radius, (D) Its spiral with increasing radins (E) Wexhibits many radial oscillations per revolution. 3. For blue light, a transparent material has a rel 1¢ permittivity (dielectric constant) of 2.1 id a relative permeability of 1.0. Ifthe speed of light in « vacuum is ¢, the phase velocity of ‘ie light in an unbounded mediom ofthis material is (a) Vile @® Vile OF @) var © vat 2 “4 4. The equation y= sin 2x (p— £), where AT, and are positive constants, epresens a vave whose (A) amplitude is 24 (B) velocity is in the negative x-direction (©) periods E (D) speed is F © syeetis 5. Two small spheres of putty, A and B, of mass ‘M and 3M, respectively, hang from the ceiling ‘on strings of equal length 2 . Sphere 4 is drawn aside so that itis raised (0 a height ta as shown above and then released. Sphere A collides with sphere B; they stick together and swing to a maximum height # equal 10 (A) eho B fhe ©) dh () The E) the GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 6. A particle ‘Track italy a rst atthe top of a curved ftitionlos track, The x- and y-coordinates of the track are related in dimensionless units by y= 42, where the postive yeais i in the vertical downward direction. As the partcie ‘ides down the track, what i its tangential acezleration? (ae ®s ©# o x4 () tee Verte J—eF=10N 2 ke ’ I ke i ' ‘A Dkilogram box hangs by a massless cope from a ceiling, A force slowly pulls the box horizontally to the side until the horizontal force ig 10 newtons. The box is then in equilibrium as shown above, The angle that the rope makes with the vertical is closest to (A) arctan 05 (B) aresin 0.5 (C) aretan 20 (D) aresin 20 () 45° 8, A S-kilogram stone is dropped on a nail and drives the nail 0.025 meter into a pieve of wood. If the stone is moving at 10 meters per second ‘when it hics the neil, the average force exerted ‘on the neil by the stone while the nal is going into the wood is most nearly ON @ — 10N (Q 1000 N (D) 10,000 N () 100,000 8 9, A.wire of diameter 0.02 meter contains 1X 1028 free electrons per cubje meter. For an electric current of 100 amperes, the drift velocity for free electrons in the wire is most nearly (A) 0.6% 10° m/s (B) 1X10 anys (© 5x10" mys (D) 2% 10°F mis (E) 8X 108 m/s Bleciri Field Magnitude 10, Aa isolated sphere of radius R_ contains a ‘uniform volume distribution of positive charge. “Which of the curves on the graph above corsecty illustrates the dependence of the ‘magnitude of the electric field of the sphere as a funetion of the distance r from its center? (AA BB OC MD WE GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 13. ‘Which of the following equations is a con- sequence of the equation VXH=D+J? (A) VCD + HHO (8) VX(b+J)=0 © Vay=o (D) D+I=0 © Bse0 ‘A:source of I-kilohertz sound is moving straight toward you at a speed 0.9 times the speed of sound. The frequency you receive is (A) 0.1 ke. (B) OSkHe (QV eee (D) 19 KH (E) 10 kHz ‘Two coherent sources of visible monochromatic. light form an interference pattern on a screen. tthe relative phase of the sources is varied from 0 to 2 at a frequency of $00 hertz, which of the following best describes the effect, if any, on the interference pattern? (A) tis unaffected because the frequency of the phase change is very small compared to the frequency of visible light. (B) It is unaffected because the frequency of ‘the phase change is an integral multiple of (C) Its destroyed except when the phase difference is 0 oF (D) Is destroyed forall phase differences ‘because the monochromaticity of the sourors is destroyed. (B) Itis not destroyed but simply shits posi- tions at a rate too rapid to be detected by the eye. 14, 15, For an ideal gas, the specific heat at constant pressure C, is greater than the specific heat wt constant volume C, because the (A) gas does work on its environment when its pressure remains constant while its ‘temperature is increased (B) heat input per degree increase in tempers ture is the same in processes for wi either the pressure of the volume is kept constant (©) pressure of the gas remains constant when s temperature remains constant (D) increase in the gas’ internal energy is ‘greater when the pressure remains ‘constant than when the volume remains constant (E) heat needed is greater when the volume remains constant than when the pressure remains constant A-sample of 1 atoms of hetium gas is confined ina 1.0 cubie meter volume, The probability that none of the helium atoms is in a 1.0% 107% cubic meter volume of the container is (a0 ao” (QA 10)" @) t= G0") Except for mass, the properties of the muon ‘most closely resemble the properties of the (A) electron (B) graviton (C) photon (B) pion (F) provon GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 9 17 Seppore tat 4x cnet aut ony in two stages to 474 ¥. The two stages would zl _most likely be which of the following? Figst Stage Second Stage (A) 8 emission with a emission fan antineutrino (B) f° emission ‘a emission with a neutrino (©) B° emission 'y emission (D) Eenission of a Emission of deuteron two neutrons ® a emission 'y emission 48, The wave fonction (x)= A exp {-"9}, where A and > are eal consents, a normalized eigenfunction ofthe Schrbdioge> quetion fra particle of mass Mf and energy £ ina one dimensont! potential ¥(x) soeh that YExy=0 at x0, Which ofthe followings corre? a v= (ey v= Be (© v= Beet (Dy B= h®b%1 — 2x?) © En Sr 19, The energy levels of the hydrogen atom are given in terms of the principal quantum number 71 and f@ positive constant A by the expression @ a(n+$) @® Aun © a(-be =) (D) Ant @-4 20. A positive kaon (K") has a rest mass of 494 MeV ¢2, whereas a proton has a rest feass of 938 MeV/c, Ifa kaon has a total energy that is equal to the proton rest energy, the speed of the kaon is most nearly (A) 028¢ (B) 040 (©) 088¢ (D) 00¢ (&) 085¢ 21. Two observers O and O' observe two events, A and B. The observers have a constant relative speed of 0.8 ¢, In units such that the speed of light is !, observer O obtained the following coordinates: ‘What is the length of the space-time interval between these two events, as measured by O°? Wi @MvF ©2 M3 ws 22, Which of the following statements most accurately describes how an electromagnetic field bebaves under a Lorente transformation? (A) The electric ld transforms completely into a magnetic field (B) sf inivilly there is only an electric field, after the transformation there may be both an electric and a magnet field. (C) The olectric field is unaltered (D) The magnetic field is unaltered AE) Itcannot be determined unless a gauge transformation is also specified. 23, Whieb of the following statements concerning the electrical conductivities at room tempera ture of a pure copper sample and a pure silicon sample is NOT true? (A) The conductivity of the copper samp! ‘many orders of magnitude greater that of the silicon sample. (B) if the temperature of the copper sample is increased, its conductivity will decrease. (©) If the temperature of the silicon sample is Increased, its conduct (D) The addition of an impur ‘sample always decreases its conductivity {B) Theaddition of an impurity in the silicon sample alweys decreases its conductivity GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. hpeE ov. 24, The battery inthe dingram above isto be ‘charged by the generator G. The generator has terminal voltage of 120 volts when the charging current is 10 amperes The battery has fn emf of 100 volts and aa internal resistance of | oft. In order to charge the battery at 10 amperes charging current, the resistance ould be set at @o1a @osn (Lon (D) 500 (E) 1000 25. A charged particle is released from rest in a region where there is a constant electric field and a constant magnetic field. Ifthe two fields are parallel to each other, the path of the particle isa A) circle (B) parabola (©) helix (D) eycloid (E) siraight line 26, A nickel target (Z= 28) is bombarded with fast electrons. The minimum electron kinetic energy needed to produce x-rays in the K series is most nearly (A) lev (B) 100 eV (©) 1000e¥ (B) _10,000eV {E) 100,000 eV 27, The hypothesis that an electron possesses spin is qualitatively significant for the explanation of All of the following topics EXCEPT the (A) structure of the periodic table (B) specific heat of metals (© anomalous Zeeman effect (D) deflection of e moving electron by # uniform magnetic field (E) fine structure of atomic spectra 28, igenfunctions fora rigid dumbbell rotating about its center have a dependence ofthe form yg) = Ae™"®, where mr isa quantum number and A isa constant. Which ofthe following values of A will properly normale the eigenfunction? (A) Vie (B) 2 (C) GaP O Fe © e 29. A negative test charge is moving near long straight wire in which there is a curtent. A force will act on the test charge in a direction parallel to the direction ofthe current ifthe mation of the charge is in a direction (A) toward the wire (B) away from the wire (C) the same as that ofthe current (D) opposite to that of the current () perpendicular to both the direction of the cirrent and the direction toward the wire 20. The configuration of the potassium atom ints aground state is Is? 25% 2p 3s? 3pé 4s}, ‘Which ofthe following statements about potassium is true? (A) Its n= 3 shell is completely filled, (B) ts 4s subshell is completely filled (©) ts teas sightly bound electron has & = 4 () ts etomie number is 17 8) is electcon charge spherically symmetrical tion is GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 2 tions 31-33 refer to the following apparatus used Beat te phttocectrc tect Monochromatic Light Source of Frequency # t o> Photocathode Collector D.C. Power Supply In this apparatus, the photocathode and the collector are made from the same material. The potential V of the collector, measured relative to round, is intially zero and is then increased or ‘decreased monotonically. The effect is described by Einstein's photoelectric equation [ev l= f= 31. When the photoelectric equation is satisfied and applicable to this situation, ¥” is the (A) negative value at which the current stops (B) negative value at which the current stars (©) positive value at which the current stops (D) positive value at which the current starts (B) voltage induoed when the light is on 32, ‘The photoelectric equation is derived under the assumption that (A) electrons are restricted to orbits of angular ‘momentum rf, where n is an integer (B) electrons are associated with waves of wave length A= A/p, where p is momentum {C) lights emitted only when electrons jump between orbits (D) light is absorbed in quanta of energy ‘E= hy (B) light behaves ike a wave 33, The quantity W in the photoelectric equation ‘athe (A) energy difference between the two lowest electron orbits in the atoms of the photocathode (B) total light energy absorbed by the photocathode during the measurement (© minimum energy a photon must have in ‘order to be absorbed by the photocathode (D) minimum energy required to free an cleetron from its binding to the cathode material (E) average energy ofall electrons in the photocathode GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. uestions 34-36 ‘The potential energy of a body constrained to move on a straight line is kx* where & isa constant. ‘The position of the body is x, its speed , its linear momentum p, and its mass m. 438, The foros on the body is (0) frm (B) ~bhed (6) xt «oy -4E (me 35, The Hamiltonian function for this stem is wy Etkt © B-et © et (D) fmt dex CE) Et 36, The body moves from x, at time fy t0 x, at time ty. Which of the following quantities is an extremum for the x1 curve corresponding to ‘this motion, if end points are fixed? 02) (Jt a) fea © fe (meyar ©) {7 (Joes ds) a 37, The figure above represents a point mass m attached to the ceiling by a cord of fixed length 2 . Ifthe point mass moves in horizontal circle of radius with uniform angular velocity a the tension in the cord is a) me(G) ®) mac (2) © aay ® ; (D) mates 9? © motrtet Input 1 ae Toput2 38, If logical 0 is 0 volts and logical 1 is +1 volt, the circuit shown above isa logic cireuit commonly known 2s (A) an OR gate (B) an AND gate (©) a 2bivadder (D) « flip-Rop (E) a fanout GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, Gain he ior io 10" a) 39, The gain of an amplifier is plotted versus angular frequency « in the diagram above. If K and a are positive constants, the frequency dependence of the gain near, @=3% 10° second”? is most accurately expressed by (A) Ke (8) Kot (©) Ka (D) Ka! (EB) Kol? GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40, An experimenter measures 9934 counts during ‘one hour from radioactive sample. From this ‘number the counting rate of the sample can be estimated with a standard deviation of most nearly (A) 100 @) 400 (By 200 (E) $00 (©) 300 41, Which ofthe following nuclei has the largest binding eneray per nucleon? (Consider the most abundant isotope of each element) (A) Helium (B) Carbon {C) ron {D) Uranium (©) Plstonium 42, A proton beam is incident on a scatterer (0.1 centimeter thick. The scatterer contains 10% terget nuclei per cubic centimeter, In passing through the scatterer, one proton per incident million is scattered. The scattering cross section is (A) 10° ome B) 10 emt (©) 10° ome (D) 10° eme (B) 10 em? 43, Three masses are connected by two springs as shown above. A longitudinal normal mode with frequency 3h /E iserhibtes by (A) A, B, C all moving in the seme direction with equal amplitude (B) A and C moving in opposite directions with equal amplitude, and B at rest (©) A and C moving in the same direction with equal amplitude, and B moving in the opposite direction with the same ‘amplitude (D) A and C moving in the same direction with equal amplitude, and. B moving in amplitude (EB) none of the above 44, 45, View from Above ‘A.uniform stick of length L and mass Mf lies ‘ona frictionless horizontal surface. A point ‘of mass m approaches the stick with Speed ona straight line perpendicular othe stick that intersects the stick at one end, as shown above. After the collision, which is clastic, the particle is at rest. The speed V of the center of mass of the stick after the collision is Airy Oa © © Satay (© Ye Photons of wavelength A seatterelaticelly on fre protons initially attest, The wavelength of the photons sattered at 90° is increased by (a) Ni37 B) 4/1836 (©) h}mc, where h is Planck's constant, m, the rest miss of aneletron, and ¢ the speed of ight (D) hjm,c, where h ix Planck's constant, my the rest mass ofa proton, and ¢ the speed of ligt ©) 20 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 3 46. Abblackhody at temperature T; radiates energy _ata power level of 10 milliwatts (mW). The same blackbody, when at a temperature 27%, radiates energy at a power level of (A) 10mW B) mW (C) 4VmW (D) 80mW —(B) 160 mW 47, The Pranck-Hertz experiment and related seattering experiments show that (A) electrons are always scattered elastically from atoms (B) electrons are never scattered elastically from atoms (©) electrons of a certain energy range can be scattered inelastically, and the energy lost by electrons is diserete (D) electrons always lose the same energy when they are scattered inelastically {E) there is no energy range in which the energy Tost by electrons varies continuously 48, A transition in which one photon is radiated by the electron in a hydrogen atom when the ‘electrons wave function changes from yh (© Ws is forbidden if yy and ye (A) have opposite parity {B) are orthogonal to each other (©) are zero atthe center of the atomic nucleus (D) are both spherically symmetrical (B), ate associated with different angular momenta 449, ‘The Hamiltonian operator in the Sehrbdinger cquation can be formed from the elasica! ‘Hamiltonian by substituting (A), wavelength and frequency for momentum ‘and energy (B) a differential operator for momentum (©) transition probability for potential enerey {D) sums over discrete eigenvalues for integrals cover continuous variables (E) Gaussian distributions of observables for exact valves 50, The Hall effect is used in solid-state physics to measure (A) ratio of change to mass (B) magnetic susceptibility {C) the sign of the charge carriers (D) the width of the gap between the conduction fand valence bands | (E) Fermi energy 51, One feature common to both the Debye theory ‘and the Einstein theory of the specific heat of @ crystal composed of AY identical atoms is thet the (A) average energy of each atom is 347 (B). Vibrational energy of the crystal is ‘equivalent to the energy of 3 independent harmonic oscillators (©) erystal i assumed to be continuous for all elastic waves (1) speed of the longitudinal elastic waves is less than the speed of the transverse elastic waves (E) upper cutoff frequency of the elastic waves 1s the same 52. Acube has a constant electric potential ¥ on its surface. If there ace no charges inside the eube, ‘the potential at the center of the cube is, (a) vero (B) VJB. (©) 1S Orn OY 53. A chacged particle oscillates harmonically along the z-axis as shown above. The radiation from the particle is detected at 2 distant point P, which les in the xy-plane, The electric field at P isin the (A) ez direction and hes a maximums amplitude at 9= 90° (8) +z direction and has a minimum amplitude at = 90° (©) sy-plane and has 2 maximum amplitude at O= 0° (D) sy-plane and has a minimum amplitude ato 90° CE) oy plan and bas a maximum amplede 4 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, Ea 56. 37 Dielectric K Sym ‘Conductor A dielectric of dielectric constant K is placed Jn contact with a conductor having surface ‘charge density 0, as shown above, What is the polarization (bound) charge density 4, on the surface of the dielectric at the interface between the wo materials? (opkg Wopke Ook DoE cm ot Gk . The mean kinetic energy of electrons in metals at room temperature is usually many times the thermal energy £7. Which of the following can Dest be used to expiain this fact? irexclusion principle (C) The degeneracy of the energy levels (D) The Born approximation {E) The wave-particle duality If y isa normalized solution of the Schrédinger ‘equation and Q isthe operator corresponding toa physical observable x, the quantity YOU may be integrated in order to obtain the (A) normalization constant for {(B) spatial overlap of @ with & (C) mean value of x (D) uncertainty in x {B) time derivative of x Which ofthe folowing san lgeafnsion of thenar mowentum operator ~it Pw postive dgevae Aan signftin tht denen pal ints moving in ee specein the dection of postive 2 witha preva of iva momen? (A) cos kx ie) oh (De (B) sin kx @e* 58, Inn ordinary hologram, coberent monochro- ‘matic light produces a 3-dimensional pieture because wave information is recorded for which ‘of the following? 1. Amptitude I Phase IIL. Wave-front angular frequency (A) Loily {B) Land I only (© Land 1H only (B) Hand 1 only (®) 1,1, and 1 59, The dispersion law fora certain type of wave motion is = (etk3+ m2), where w is the angular frequency, & isthe magnitude of the propagation vector, and ¢ and m are constants. The group velocity of these waves approaches, (A) Infinity as k=O and zeroas kee (B) infinity as £0 and cas km (©) eas k=O and zsr0.4s ke (D) zeroas k—+10 and infinity as kee (B) r1088 k—0 and cas k= 60, A particle of mass m that moves along the -x-anis hes potential energy V(x)= a+ bx?, where a and b are positive constants. Its initiat Velocity is vp at x= 0, It will execute simple harmonic motion with a frequency ‘determined by the value of (A) 6 alone (B) 5 and a alone (©) 6 and m alone (D) 6, ¢, and m elone (Bb, a, m, and v6 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, a Questions 61:62 ‘The squation of motion of a rocket in free space ete siten nd +uGB0 whore m is the rocket's mass, v is its yalocity, # is time, and u isa constant, 61, The constant u represents the speed of the (A) rocket at 1=0 (B) rocket after its fuel is spent {O) socket in its instantaneous rest frame (D) rocket’ exhaust ina stationary frame {E)_ rocket’s exhaust relative to the rocket (62, ‘The equation can be solved to give v as function of m, If the rocket has m= mc and vir 0 when it starts, what is the solution’? (A) moh (B) uw exp (mol m) (©) u sin (amo! m) (D) w tan (rm!) (E) None of the above. 63, A point charge ~@ coulombs is placed at a distance d from a large grounded conducting plane. The surface charge density on the plane & istance D from the point charge is wap o © © © oe 64, An aerating current eleetrval generator has fixed internal impedance R, +/X, nd is wed to supply power tom pasive lod that ha impedance R, +iXq where J= JT, Ry 0, and X, #0, For maximum pover teansfer between the generator andthe load, Xp should be equal 1 wo Bx, O-%, DR, OR 2B 63, Acurrent / ina circular loop of radius & 6 6, produces a magetic field, Ata fixed point far from the loop, the strength of the ragnetic field is proportional to which of the following combinations of i and 6? an we Cr OH} Ce For a systema in which the number of particles i fixed, the reciprocal of the Kelvin emperature is given by which of the following derivatives! (Let P'= pressure, Ve volume, 5= entropy, and U™ internal cenerey) ww (#), © (3), > (8%), (23) o Gb, ‘Alarge isolated system of NV’ weakly interacting partite isin thermal equilibrium. Ech particle has only 3 possible nondegenerate states of energies 0, e, and 3¢, When the system is at an Sbsolute temperature T>> ek, where & is Boltzmann's constact, the average onergy of each particle is wo @e Of M2 OH Ifa newly discovered particle X' moves with fa speed equal to the speed of light in vacuum, {hen which of the following must be true? (A) The rest mass of X is ze. (B) ‘The spin of X equals the spin of « photon. (C) The charge of X is carried om is surface. {D) X does not spin. {E) X cannot be detected. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Questions 69-71 Acar of rest length 5 meters passes through a (garage of rest length 4 meters. Due to the relativistic Lorentz contraction, the car is only'3 meters long in the garage’ rest frame. There are daors on both ends of the garage, which open automatically when the {ont of the ear feaches them and close automatically ‘when the rear passes them, The opening of closing of ‘ach door requires a negligible amouat of time. ‘of the car in the garage's rest (A) O4e B) 06e © O8e (D) greater than ¢ (E) mot determinable from the data given 70. The length of the garage in the car's rest frame is (A) 2.4m B) 4m (© 50m (D) 83m (E) not determinable from the data given 71. Which of the following statements is the best response to the question: “Was the car ever inside a closed garage?” (A) No, because the car is longer than the ‘garage in all reference frames, (B) No, because the Lorentz contraction is not areal” effect, (©) Yes, because the car is shorter than the garage in all reference frames, {D) Yes, because the answer to the question in the gamge’s rest frame must apply in all reference frames. (E) There is no unigue answer to the question, as the arder of door openings and closings depends on the reference frame. ‘72. The measured index of refraction of x-rays in rock sait is less than one. This is consistent with the theory of relativity because (A) relativity deals with light waves traveling in vacuum only (B) x-rays cannot transmit signals (C) x-ray photons have imaginary mass (D) the theory of relativity predates the development of solid-state physics {B) the phase velocity and group velocity are different 73. Tis necessary to coat a glass lens with a non ‘reflecting layer. If the wavelength of the light in the coating is , the best choice i ¢ layer of ‘material having an index of refraction between ‘those of glass and air and a thickness of Ot OF OF Mr Orn 74, Unpolarized tight is incident on two ideal polarizers in series. The polarizers are oriented 80 that no light emerges through the second polarizer. A third polarizer is now inserted ‘between the first two and its orientation direction is continuously rotated through 180°. ‘The maximum fraction of the incident power ‘transmitted through all three polarizers is Wao fF OF Oe wt 7S, ‘The period of a hypothetical Earth satelite orbiting at sea level would be 80 minutes. In terms of the Earth’ radius 2, the radius of a synchronous stele orbit (period 24 hours) is most nearly (3k, ® 7% © BR (D) 320R, (®) 5800, GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 76, Aboop of mass M and radius R is at rest at the top of an inclined plane as shown above. ‘The hoop rolls down the plane without slipping. ‘When the hoop reaches the bottom, its angular momentum around its center of mass is (A) MRVGR ® SMRVah (©) MVE (D) Met (6) $Mgh 71. A particle is constrained to move elong the under the influence of the net force hamplitude A and frequency f, where K isa postive constant, When x= 42, the particle's speed is (A) 2nfA (B) V3nfA (D) fA (B) Safa (© vinta 78. A system consists of two charged particles of qual mass, Initially the particles are far apart, have zero potential energy, and one particle has nonzero speed, If radiation is neglected, which ‘fue of the total energy of the (A) Mis zero and remains zero. (B) It is negative and constant. (©) Wis postive and constant {@) Kis Constant, but the sigh cannot be determined unless the initial velocities of both particles are known, (© Ieannot bea constant of te motion because the particles exert force on each other. 30 ”, 80, One of Maxwells equations is VB Which of te following sketches shows magnetic field lines that leary violate this equation within the region bounded by the deshed lines? ® Which of the following electri fess could exist ina finite region of space that contains no charges? (In these expressions, A isa constant, and J, j, and Kare unit vectors pointing in the x, 3, and z direstions, respectively.) (A) AQx/A~ 32h) (8) ACo} + xk) (©) AGatt ap (B) Axa) (Axel GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. a) 81. A small cireular wire loop of radius a is located at the center of a much larger circular wire loop ‘of radius 5 as shown above. The larger loop carries an alternating current I= [o.c0s af, where Zo and « ate constants, The magnetic field generated by the current in the large loop induces in the small loop an era that is approximately equal to which of the following? (Either use mks units and let yy be the permeability of free space, or use Gaussian units and let yy be 4n/c#) (ay (CH) soe wt a Fw sin ot 82, ‘The emission spectrum of an atomic gs i magnetic field differs from that ofthe g the absence of a magnetic field. Which of the following is tue of the phenomenon? (A) Its called the Stera-Gerlach etfect. (B) Is called the Stark effect, (C) Wis due primarily to the nuclear magnetic moment of the atoms, (D) The number of emission lines observed for the gas in a magnetic field is always twice the number observed in the absence of a magnet field. (B) The number of emission lines observed for the gas in a magnetic field is either sreeter then or egual to the number observed in the absence of a magnetic field, 83, 4, 8s. AA spectral line is produced by a gas tha sufficiently dense that the mean’time between tomie collisions is much shorter than the mean lives of the atomic states responsible for the ine, Compared with the same line produced by a low-density gas, the line produced by the higher-density gas will appesr (A) the same (B) more highly polarized (©) broader (D) shifted toward the blue end of the spectrum (E) split into a doublet ‘Sodium has eleven electrons and the sequence in which energy levels fil in atoms is ts, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, ete, What isthe ground state of sodium in the usual notation *5* "2,2 (A) So BAS, (C) *Po Dr, Fy z cote) 107" 10. 10 10 io au 11088 he eevy ‘The figure above shows the photon interaction cross sections for lead in the energy range where the Compton, photoelectric, and pair production processes all play 2 role. What isthe correct, ‘identification of these cross sections? (A) 1 = photoelectric, 2= Compton, 3= pair production (BV photoeeei,2= pair production, 3 “ompton (©) 1 = Compton, 2= pair production, 3= photoctectrie (D) 1 = Compton, 2= photoeteetric, 3= pair production (E) 1= pair production, 2 photoelectric, 3 Compton GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 31 86. The exponent in Coulomb's inverse square Iaw hhas been found to differ from two by less than ‘one part in a billion by measuring which of the following? (A) The charge on an cil drop in the Millikan ‘experiment (B) The deflection of an electron beam in an electric field (C) The neutrality of charge of an atom AD) The electric force between two charged objects (E) The electric field inside a charged ‘conducting shell 87. Ima gas of N diatomic molecules, two possible ‘models for a classical description of a diatomic ‘molecule ae: Model 1 Model 11 o—0 OO, Rigid Dumbbell Springy Dumbbell Which of the following statements about this gas is true? (A) Model ara pete hen «y= BME {B) Mode IC fase smal specif ea han Modell (©) Maa ti vaya cones (3) Moe 1 aways cone (E) The choice between Models 1 and 11 ‘sends onthe emperors 88, Consider a system of NV noninteracting particles confined in a volume V at 2 temperatare such thatthe particles obey classical Boltemann ‘Satistics. IF the temperature is lowered to the point at which quanturn effects become {mpostant, the pressure of the gas may differ depending on whether the particles are fermions for bovons. Let P,, be the pressure exerted by ‘the particles ifthey are fermions, Py be the pressure if they ere bosons, and P be the pressure the particles would exert if quantum fects are ignored. Which of te following i true? (A) Pp= Py Po (B) Pp> Po> Pp ©) Pp> Pp? Pe (D) PPS Pg Pe () Pp< Pex Py 89, A system containing two identical particles is described by a wave function of the form. oa Fg a (a) glad * Hg 2d) eq where x) and xp represent the spatis coordinates of the particles and a and 6 represent all the quantum numbers, including Spin, of the states that they occupy. The particles might be (A) slectrons (B) positrons (©) protons {D) neutrons (2) deuterons 90. ‘The figure above shows one of the possible energy eigenfunctions (x) for a particle bouncing freely back and forth atong the x-axis Detween impenetrable walls located at x=—a ‘and r= Fa, The potential energy equals 7210 for |x| con dy With don = 0 forall odd = values of (©) ¥= > a, Ye with agy = 0 forall even = values of n (D) Hel= D) a hn with ton #0 for all = values of (E)_ None of the above GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. om. 98 Ss AR 99. ‘The positronium “atom” consists of an electron Jt and a positron bound together by their mutual Slay aceaeias Coulomb attrction and moving about their center of mass, which is located halfway between them. Thus th positronium “atoms somewbat View from Above Analogous to a hydrogen atom. The ground-state binding energy of hydrogen is 136 electon volts. Two uniform eine! disks of identical Wha he groundsae binding every of ‘mass Mf, radivs R, and moment of inertia t pheonix os (J xise0 frcionen, brioatal surftce. Disk 1 fave having an inital counterclockwise angular iguen ‘velocity op and a eenter-of-mass velocity vB av to the right, makes a grazing (D) 2x 1360 collision with disk 11 niilly a eat. IF © Ox n6ev after the collision the two disks stick together, the magnitude of the total angulae momentum (ee ea p about the point P is from the pinhole, which has a diameter d, The (A) 2er0 light has an effective wavelength . (A << D) For which of the following values of will the B) FMR ay image be sharpest? © }aRo VID BA (© 45 (D) MRvy oF ok (E) dopendent on the time of the e ‘The long thin cylindrical glass rod shown above has length and is insulated from its surround- ings. The rod has an excess charge Q uniformly disteibuted along its length. Assume the eleetric potential to be z2r0 at infinite distances from the 0d. If k is the constant in Coulomb's law, the electric potential ata point along the axis of the rod and a distance & from one end is 8B ‘multiplied by (A) 3) ee Oe ie © (D) m2 1 IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME !S CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. WORK SHEET for the PHYSICS Test, Form GR8677 Answer Key and Percentages* of Examinees Answering Each Question Correctly cleasag sauka agend abane Basr5 Roses i! luce

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