a GRE GAT cnet ith Explanatory Answers For Various Kinds Of Entry Tests Including Ph.D., M.Phil & National Talent Scholarship Scheme (NTSS)Etc. DOGAR PUBLISHERS 36 -Urdu Bazar, Lahore. (Pakistan) Ph: 7120060- 7913857 ESA We PD ed ee LLq PREFACE ore 2 Fe PLES ps2 deol ss sles beng. GNARL Enh Pu a (le. ig CG LIFESON LS le berislon. Stipe MIS BLA nal 2 PLoAVILNTS Lk Aihetonday \SAT’GATIGenea) GRECLoeaD A ort. LSE Saher Ss en Acct Arithmetic English. wo, LYSE IK MSS [J eap $urior PodgeBOBO] YTD OB OL PDAS OP) PD PB PLY ADD LOL WPS OS Hay “WS (Introduction pepe aviplicicidnser he Ae P pr Being BS CLES «Mata nae BE aber a en ee Seb vePute tlre Linp bok BiorniLuad NTS PUI Lie SG Siveil WL hhh LEW eed we Vprren pth typ ba ™ “t B:b ite Se SER LML Md BL Iref2 242 Lsrry SEI PL IG ae Parle sss barei6s Ent Pifetirb be LVENISS Sie VAN spdiparac mer dL I Bsheris PL Devs ue te 200050 Seanteoletes Bde Set Sie tsi hoe LbLb Eby edaigee HBL ube te Sing ASE hang SSF Mi Hoh re LNT LEZ, MSL niidhhd-Llp suv nTSLC UMS (Objectives) 20 ae ral a ae od Bbibarbugng RES PR ee wep tarPia Autres Lilie hap LA tec oti ene otha MARES MS Sip Sureind Leb eed in Ei ae 6 . obo he La coP CALE Apap L SL APE ab Kayak tpeib SA J Ais SEIU fia oes IPL ani ahb te pease LVL Pa ELIE hore le Sei br Seq ated INTS oe aeAbieoriserbion LB sel a eno Easiuct PL UP of NISL oni yep Sub L LOL Shur S3EIGEnt 3g BIE Sta ti PSIM ALL Side Srtbned pe ky tony my Pb weeks Com) my eh worl band yh ols bee) yb LW ae roy eb eh omy MLN DOG OL BAB OA] PSDB IPL DPB IPL YLtae Gs Mae Ie Gt tw Fe Contents INTRODUCTION ABOUT NTS Introduction sn Objectives of NTS. NTS Commitment. NTS - Services... Test Format... ‘Test Schedule for GAT Subject 2007 NTS - Test Centers sn Schedule and Information » Original Advertisement SECTION -I QUANTITATIVE ABILITY oh Arithmetic Numbers Maltiplication & Division . Highest Common Factor & Least ‘Common Multiple ‘Square Root Fractions and Decimals Percentage. Ratio and Proportion mam Ny Euato Inequalf Woy aS Geometry ° es and Angles Triangles... Quod & Poygons Circles Area Solid Geometry... Coordinate Geometry Counting & Probability Interpretation of Data. SECTION - ANALYTICAL REASONING 6 226 226 227 227 Preposition.. = Symbols Used in Logi : Explanation.. Conjunction Disjunetion... Implication oF Conditional Biconditional. Model Examples... Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), Explanatory Answers. How Ques ‘Sentence Completion fas. seminal ith Explanatory Answers...235 ‘Sentence Completion. 236 ple Choice Questions Tests (1-12)236 oh Analogy Questions Multiple Choie Questions Tess (1-2).268 Synonym/Antonym Tests... p Critical Reading Comprehension. 29 Long Passages with Explanatory Answers.279 Short Passages with Explanatory Answers 284 ‘GRE-GAT GENERAL TESTS WITH EXPLANATORY ANSWERS NTS TESTS WITH EXPLANATORY ANSWERS, NTS Test No. I... NTS Test No, 2... NTS Test No. 3. yr) =o Fo] my Ee Re a ER ax q A i i a H rl Ls a H i 8) a Hl i ) a H i Gi H H yl B is LJ rows tory yb ol Sing Wh hy Sar] ype ad ee PTW, Introduction “NTS” is a new testing system introduced by the government of Pakistan for the search of rational talent Fortis purpose, NTS was exablished in July 2002. An experience of decades brought itt the forefont that a large number of scholarships were rested fo certain pockets ofthe country end many areas remained untepresenative athe light of is, the new sehome of testing system was leunched. The fundamentl sim of NTS i o evaluate the knowledge level ofthe studens. also sims a o provide a single standard for quality evaluation of the educated human resource. Tete is no single slabs in our educational institions right fom basic to the advanced level. There ip als a ig variation in syllabi taught in various school, colleges and universities, A hape gap is also found inthe standa of education and institutions cis aval issue to evaluate the knowledge of students on prevailing system of examinations NTS was established to solve this iss by evel Skil and knowledge of the individuals ona standardized measure transparency, reliability and consistency are few prominent features ofthe NTS the main cases of its poplariy. Most of the educational institution atporazations ace atusetng toward i Inthe beginning, NTS was conduetng test oply KePRD and M Pil scholarships, but no its aso conducting Entry Tet for admissiefy aire educational institutions. With the passage of time, itis gaining a presifinS Postion inthe testing system. It has become a reliable nae in the fel! of tesQop. Nps gained tis poston ina ‘ery shor span of time. Objectives of NTS @.;. ‘quality of education in Pakistan, the’ “objectives of NTS are as under : ro yee GT alpeae aeanas ee ee meet 8 enable assessment sind ranking not only in a particular subject on a general competency level but also help in identification of areas of strengths and weaknesses we an] iy PSB aL A OL PIG OH] PB AG ae] ayy eS oats Pon] my Bw am] wa =n Lo DOs Or BO ors tom) my eh wat Bon] Wy PS VS OLN PDO LW PD OE OO aT Gi Mon Tap Gna Tay Gen os How Te NTS Commitment Promoting Overall Quality of Education Based on a vision aimed at providing quality services in educational testing and assessment mechanisms for various stakeholders, NTS is committed to promoting the overall Quality of education as a value-added adjunct, NTS undertakes programs that are aimed at establishing a credible, technically It also extends services for the employed and unemployed professionals) satisfactory jobs in their relevant area through an assessment of their knowledgeqS@be\wlls, and professional abilities A Rapidly Growing & Credible Entity ° IIS it rp powing and credible emtiy of nating Qe. ts context and potential coincides wih he expresed need ofthe Covermen(Q@yneevablhment ofa National Aesrediaton Counci'nd Test Save Conducting Various Types of Tests While the beginnings were made by cond Geral Tests through an IT-focused thrust, NTS has expanded its services to of iplines of education testing. It now provides services or conductog Subs TGCS engin both or ddl Candates and insitions. Theses ab pepare. ond assed by oxpers and protests fon leva fds, Ny enue NTS now has x ves and associations with educational and professional organizations & institufon}, Yncluding those engaged in talent search and career & educational promofidy acbwiies, atthe national an ay NTS - SERVICES . ial Aptitude/General Testing: NTS conduets General Tests so as to evaluate the critical thinking skills of analytical soning and also performance assessment of candidates with regard to quantitative & verbal ability. General Tests also called National Aptitude Tests, help establishing a reliable and credible measure of judging the knowledge base of students in commonly taught program * Services ~Measuring Knowledge Base and Skill Levels: The NTS Subject Tests are prepared and designed with a view to assess the ualifications, knowledge base, competency and skill level of the candidates in a specific international levels. (Coutesy1oNTS) area of study, Nts) Simp ei ay og Py RTS rh CoA PG Oe LN Ph OL DEOL A PD Ody PS Pom] my prow my my re.my ep IND Bama tar ay a oo EE LD EEL, EB LD, PBL 1 LEST eG TW PDO OLN POPE OTN POG OY ODOR OY, Sanaa i ee as Tig Gin ah Tw Te Ga Mofo estes ety + Services for Test Preparation: NTS provides complete guidelines with regard to Test Preparation. A guide for users is available on our website as well as in the market in printed form. Mode! Questions and ‘Sample Tests are also available on the website for helping the candidates to practice and be well prepared for the test. Furthermore, Reference Books are also recommended by NTS to bbe an additional source of help for the test takers for Computer Science Subject Tests. + Administrative Services: NTS provides an administrative service for not only the candidates but also the institutions. All administrative arrangements regarding registration, test center selection, test ‘execution, result preparation and then its reporting ete, are taken as a responsibility by NTS. ‘+ Admission Test Services for Institutions: NTS conducts Admission Tests for various institutes and organizations, 16 like te arangements of test regisaton, paper geeation, tet execution, pape result declaration ete. are provided by NTS for these entice ee 2 Seve for Online Testing NTS abo conducts Online Tests fr th ands’ feet an erehle valuaton of tit Anowlige and ll, Amangeaeat ke he pee ibe cole, development forthe assent line paper aneraion, et paglGch and online rel formation immediately after the test, are made by NTS. o Esablshing Performance Ranking NTS ls sas in crying ott an gh ng of sins a wl professionals. This ranking is not only in a partic ict on a general competency level Buta helps inthe encatn of aren of ued at wean sub cotetson a dinggepted bss Services fr Score Reporting For General Texts, NTS dle) sus electronically within seven days of the test being conducted, the results of indidate are sent to their homes through a fast and. real courier service. The eb ©POnlne Subject Tess dsplayed cline mmedly sterthe sada omy a The ere of cafes slo repated ia te ft of cera th efos pine adress = Services to © fe Employment: NTS ot ‘services for employed and unemployed candidates to get satisfactory jobs in ther relAgat areas through avery estimated and careful judgement of their knowledge base and ae access to job opportunites for various professionals and candidates ‘bo with country and abroad on the bass of thei scores in NTS Subject Tess. 24 Statistical Analysis and Reports: NTS by virtue ofits flexible and user friendly solution can better help the institutions organizations to have statistical analysis and report for administrative tasks and it will ultimately lead to true devision making and managerial tasks + Survey: NTS has very robust and accurate system for processing forms and surveys. In addition to the educational and professional testing services, NTS bas the survey facility for different organizations, government data collection and other methods to get feedback from people. (Counesy1oNTS) PBB Ly PS ly es od wy) hols Cord iy FDO Sad W, Ea a eeexh muy lay yj woes omy WD bray may apa toy oy Eo EE oy eB tam ny pb ay he tas mathemati sil undsrstntng of mena mathemati coreg, and the silty to reaon quaniahely ad sabe problems fa quatiave sein ae measured athe quate pr of the et The knowiedge of arthmeti algebra feomery and data ans which ar wally csenal area of tay of te high Sool level ae meaured ih ancl queens The quinn about unt thy canals fe ested fom "> DicteteQuanitatve Qusions © % Quantitative Comparison Questions G © Daa lnterpreaton Questions ce This section dust and expe nda nth book. Tae tole cxplmaton gen fist th cans Explanatory anus Epo ee 1 void complications. ce Chapter-I: Numbe In decimal number system, we woes 0.1.2.3, 4, 5,6,7,8, 9 called digits, to represent any number. Note: A arhp of Gpsies, denoting a number is called numeral “Types of Numbers Natral Numbers: All Natl Nifibers together with zero form the set of all whole numbers. I is denoted by “W” WH (0,123; ee) Set ofrumbers which consists of whole numbers and negative numbers is known as integers. It is denoted y 2. Dm sree yD“ 0415253, ced) Positive Integers: ‘The set Z* = (1, 2.3.4, ....) is the set ofall positive integers. I is clear that positive integers and natural ‘numbers are synonyms Negative Intege The set = {= 3s) is the setf all negative integers. Remember: “0” is neither postive nor negative