Cu thang nhng iu cn bit

Khi xy dng cu thang, c nhng nguyn tc m bn cn phi bit m bo tnh an tan v

thm m.
Cu thang rt quan trng trong giao thng theo trc ng ca ngi nh. Theo phong thy, cu
thang l im khi u dn lung kh trong lnh n cc phng sinh hot ca c ngi nh. V th
im khi u ca cu thang trong nh phi sng sa, thng thong v c t vo cung lnh,
hng tt.

Khng nn t cu thang gia nh. Cu thang chy thng ra ca chnh s lm tin ca chy mt.
Bn c th khc phc bng cch un cong my bc u, va cch iu va hp phong thu.
Cu thang un hnh cnh cung gip kh lu chuyn d dng, nhng nu xoy trn c (hnh trn)
th khng tt, ging nh m nt chai nguy him. Bc thang ch c tm nm ngang, khng c tm
ng, h bc, thit k nh vy l vng kh thot ra ngoi ging l hng trong nh, u khng
tt. Nn l chm phi iu cm k th khc phc bng tm gng, khnh nhc, chu cy hoc
n sng, tu trng hp c th.

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Cu thang nhng iu cn bit

Tng s cc bc thang phi tun theo thuyt trng sinh, ngha l tun theo chui sinh - lo bnh - t. Theo , tng s bc mi tng khi em cho 4, s d cn li s ng vi: 1 - Sinh, 2 Lo, 3 - Bnh, 4 - T. Nu chia ht th bc cui cng ri vo ch "t" l tuyt i khng tt, cn
phi xy s bc cu thang l s l sao cho bc d l con s 1 - ch "sinh". Chnh v th m ngi
ta cn gi y l nguyn tc 4 + 1.
iu ny khng nhng m bo thun tin v sinh hot, ng thi cng mang li cho chng ta
cm gic yn tm, thoi mi trong ngi nh ca mnh. S lng bc thang c tnh t bc th
nht cho ti im kt thc (chiu ti, hnh lang). Nu c chiu ngh th chiu ngh c tnh nh
mt bc thang bnh thng.
Kiu cu thang
C th thit k cu thang theo nhiu kiu:
- Kiu tm an sn b tng ct thp: Kiu ny ngi ta va bc bng gch, dng cn 2 bn hoc 1
bn (bn kia chn vo tng), cn g gia kiu cnh chim.
- Kiu gp khc (hnh rng ca): bng b tng ct thp, khng c tm an di. Kiu ny trng
p nhng kh thi cng, phi b tng ton khi theo tng bc.
- Cu thang trn: c th dng 1 tr b tng ct thp gia v hon tt cc mt bc vo ct hoc
l tm an hnh xoy c cao dn ln.

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Cu thang nhng iu cn bit

- Cu thang lin 1 di: rt t lm v qu di. Thng thng, nn cch iu thnh 2 t hoc theo
hnh ch U, 3 t. Bc thang c chia u cho cc t thang, hoc b tr theo kiu t nhiu
t t, tu mt bng. Gia hai t thang, chn ngh khng c bc nhng nn nh hp vn c th
t thm vi bc, khng nn ch t mt bc, d gy ht hng.
Cc im cn lu

- Lan can cn thong, nn dng hoa st un p hn xy gch c.

-Vt liu p mt ngoi ch yu ph granito p , nhng p v sang nht l dng g p ton b
vi tay vn bng g nhum mu thm.
-Phn mp bc khng trang tr qu nhiu g phc tp v l ni chn ngi i d ng phi, c
th vp ng.
-Mi thang bc cng nn lm phng, khng dc vo pha trong hay bn ngoi.
Mt s khi nim v nhng thng s k thut vi cu thang nh dn dng:

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Cu thang nhng iu cn bit

- Chiu rng ca thn thang: Trong kin trc nh dn dng hin nay, cu thang thng rng t
0,9 - 1,2m.
- dc ca cu thang: dc ca cu thang c quyt nh bi t l chiu cao v chiu rng
ca bc thang, c quan h mt thit vi khong rng ca bc i, c tnh bng cng thc 2h +
b = 600mm (trong : h l chiu cao bc thang; b l chiu rng bc thang). Trong cc cng trnh
kin trc, cao ca bc thang trong nh thng t 150mm - 180mm, chiu rng tng ng t
240 - 300mm.
- Kch thc ca chiu ngh: Chiu rng ca chiu ngh khng c nh hn chiu rng ca thn
thang, ng thi phi thun tin trong qu trnh vn chuyn.
- Chiu cao ca lan can: Thng thng, chiu cao ca lan can c lin quan mt thit vi dc
ca cu thang. Vi cu thang khng dc, lan can nn c lm cao mt cht. Chiu cao ca lan
can c tnh t trung tm ca mt bc thang n mt trn ca tay vn l 900mm.

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