Gi I Tích PH C

L THUYT & BI TP MN GII TCH PHC
(Ti liu ch c nh cht tham kho h p://nguyenchiphuong.WordPress.com )

Trong ti liu ny xin tng hp li tt c cc dng bi tp c lin quan ti thi ca cc nm.
Ring cc bi tp cn bn cc bn xem li trong cc v d gio trnh trn lp. Mn gii ch
phc thc cht l mt mn tng i c bn nhng li c mt cht rc ri (khng phi
mn hc m cc bn chc hiu) v vy mi ngi ng ch quan nh. Sau y l mt
s dng bi tp m chng ta s n tp
I. BI TON 1: GII PHNG TRNH
1.1. Kin thc b tr
a. ng nht s phc
Cho =
khi phng trnh =
=
=
b. Cn thc
S phc c gi l cn bc ca s phc
ng nghim c xc nh bi cng thc
=
cos
+2
+ sin
nu
+2
(1) v phng trnh (1) c
= 0,1, , 1
1.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 1.1 (bi 21.SGK,tr 18): Gii cc phng trnh sau:
+
a.
d. +
b.
c.
= ( +
e.
f.
= .
Gii:
a. 5
b.
+ 2 + 10 = 0
+ 81 = 0
= +
= 81
Ta c 81 = 81(cos( ) + sin( ))
Khi cn bc 4 ca 81 c xc nh bi
= 81 cos
GII TCH PHC
+2
4
+ sin
+2
4
= 3 cos
+2
4
+ sin
+2
4
= 0,1,2
01
= 3 cos + sin
=1
= 3 cos
+ sin
=3
=2
= 3 cos
+ sin
=3
=3
= 3 cos
+ sin
=3
Vy
=3
=0
+2 =
= +
, khi
1+3
3 =
+ 81 = 0
l nghim ca phng trnh
c. 2 = (2 + 9 ) 2 = 9 + 2
d. t =
Vy
e.
+ 1 = 3
+ 2(
)=
(2 )(1 3 )
3
10
1
7
10 10
=
=
+
= 1 + 3
Ta c 1 + 3 = 2 +
= 2 cos
+ sin
Khi cn bc 6 ca 1 + 3 c xc nh bi
2
+2
= 2 cos 3
6
=0
=1
2
+2
+ sin 3
6
= 2 cos
+3
9
+ sin
+3
9
= 2 cos + sin
9
9
4
4
= 2 cos
+ sin
9
9
=2
= 2 cos
7
7
+ sin
9
9
=3
= 2 cos
10
10
+ sin
9
9
GII TCH PHC
02
=4
= 2 cos
13
13
+ sin
9
9
=5
= 2 cos
16
16
+ sin
9
9
Vy
+ 1 = 3 .
f.
Ta c = cos + sin
Khi cn bc 2 ca c xc nh bi
= cos 2
=0
= cos
=1
= cos
Vy
+2
2
4
+ sin 2
+ sin
+2
= cos
+4
4
+ sin
+4
4
= 0,1.
+2
2
2
2
+
2
2
5
5
2
2
+ sin
=
4
4
2
2
= .
Bi 1.2 (bi 24.SGK,tr 18): Gii phng trnh:

(
)=
Gii:
(1
Xt 1 + 37 c
cos
sin
) = 16
+ 16 = 0
= 1 + 37
= 1 37
= 1 + 63 = 8
= =
=
= 8 cos
, khi cn bc 2 ca 1 + 63 c xc nh bi
+2
2
+ sin
+2
2
=0
= 22 cos + sin
2
2
=1
= 22 cos
GII TCH PHC
= 22 cos
+2
+2
+ sin
2
2
+2
2
+ sin
= 0,1.
= 22 cos + sin
2
2
03
Ta c cos =
Chn cos = ; sin =

= 22
= 22
,
3 7
+
4
4
= 1 + 37
= 22
= 22
Suy ra
, khi
3 7
4
4

,
3 7
4
4
, khi
Lm tng t vi 1 37 trong chn cos = ; sin =
Vy
3 7
+
4
4
Vy
= v sin =
= 1 37
(1
) = 16
II. BI TON 2: TM NH V TO NH QUA NH X PHC

2.1. Kin thc b tr
m nh ca mt im, ng thng hay ng trn qua nh x phc
( , ) + ( , ), ta xc nh mi lin h ca , da trn min cho trc
= ( )=
Ngc li m to nh ca hm ( , ), ( , ), ta xc nh mi lin h ca , .
2.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 2.1 (bi 6, SGK, tr 55): Tm nh ca ng
qua nh x phc
= .
= ( , )+
( , )
( thi kt thc mn GTP - kha 16)

Gii:
Gi s
GII TCH PHC
, khi
= =
04
( , )=
( , )=
Vi
= 1, khi ( , ) =
1+
(1 +
v ( , ) =
1
1+
=0
1
2
1
4
= 1 l ng trn tm ( , 0), bn knh l .
Vy nh ca ng
Bi 2.2 (bi 7, SGK, tr 55): Dng tham s ha m nh ca ng trn |

nh x phc = .
|=
qua
Gii:
=
Gi s
Ta c |
=
|=
2= (
= (
=
)2 =
sin ) + (
( , ) = 2
( , ) = + cos
( +(
sin
+ 2) ) + (
, khi
+ (cos + sin ) 2
cos ) = ( , ) +
sin = ( , ) +
cos = ( , )
( , )
+2
) =
Vy nh ca ng trn |
( 2, ), bn knh .
Bi 2.3: Cho hm
|=
qua nh x
2 l ng trn tm
. Tm nh ca:
a. ng trn | | = ,
b. Min qut <
< .
Gii:
a. Gi s =
, khi
=( +
) =
+2
= ( , )+
( , )
( , )=
( , )=2
= 2 cos
Ta c phng trnh tham s ca ng trn | | = 2 l:
= 2 sin
0 2
GII TCH PHC
05
Khi :
( , ) = (2 cos ) (2 sin ) = 4(cos
( , ) = 2.2 cos . 2 sin = 4 sin 2
sin
= cos 2 + sin 2 = 1
) = 4 cos 2
= 16
Vy nh ca ng trn | | = 2 trong mp( ) l ng trn c tm l gc ta , bn knh

l 4 trong mp( )
=
b. t
Ta c
0<
= (cos
<
+ sin )
Ta coi min qut 0 <
(cos 2 + sin 2 )
< c qut bi a
=2
= , vi bin thin t 0 n
Theo chng minh trn th nh ca a

= qua php bin hnh
2 . Khi bin thin t 0 n th 2 bin thin t 0 n .
Vy nh ca min qut 0 <
< .
= , =
Bi 2.4: Cho hm
< l na mt phng trn 0 <

+
l a
. Tm:
a. nh ca ng =
b. To nh ca ng = .
Gii:
a. Ta c:
=
( , )=
( , )=
=
Vy nh ca ng
GII TCH PHC
= ( , )+
( , )
+
= 0, khi
( , )=0
( , ) = , ( 0)
+ Trng hp
+ Trng hp
1
+
= 0 l trc o tr gc ta
0, khi
06
( , )=
( , )=
+
(
+
+
b.
=0
Vy nh ca ng
1
+
1
2
=
+
1
4
, 0 , bn knh l
l ng trn tm
| |
, ( 0).
+ Trng hp = 0
=0
Vy to nh ca ng
= 0 l trc o tr gc ta
+ Trng hp 0, khi
+
Vy to nh ca ng
=0
= l ng trn tm
=
, 0 , bn knh l
| |
, ( 0).
III. BI TON TM GII HN V CHNG MINH S LIN TC CA HM PHC

3.1. Kin thc b tr
a. Gii hn dy s phc
{ }, =
Cho lim
=
+
= +
lim
lim
b. Gii hn hm phc
Cho
( )= ( , )+
( , ),
, =
lim
lim ( ) =
, khi
( , )=
lim
( , )=
Nu khi xt theo cc hng khc nhau th c cc kt qu khc nhau th ta kt lun

khng tn ti gii hn ti = .
GII TCH PHC
07
c. Hm lin tc
Cho ( ) xc nh trong ln cn im
( ) lin tc ti
, khi :
+ ( )
+ lim ( )
+ lim ( ) = ( )
( ) lin tc trn min
nu
lin tc ti mi im thuc .
3.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 3.1: Tnh
+ )
Gii:
Gi s
, khi
+ =( +
) + =
( , )=
;
( , )=2 +1
lim ( , ) = lim (
( , ) = lim (2
lim
+ (2
+ 1) = ( , ) +
( , )
=1+
)=0
+ 1) = 3
Vy lim (
( , ) + lim ( , ) = 3
+ 1) = lim
Bi 3.2 (bi 6, SGK, tr51): Chng minh rng
Gii:
= lim
= lim[3
+8
+ (3 2)
2 +5
= lim
( )[3
+ (5 2 ) + 5 ] = 3
+ (3 2)
+ (3 2)
+ (5 2 ) + 5 ]
+ (5 2 ) + 5
= 3 3 + 2 + 5 + 2 + 5 = 4 + 4
Bi 3.3 (bi 9, SGK, tr52): Tnh cc gii hn sau:
GII TCH PHC
08
a.
b.
c.
Gii:
a. t ( ) =
( )=
+ 1; ( ) =
+ 1 = 0; ( ) =
+ 1, khi
()
+ 1 = 0 v
=6
=6 0
p dng quy tc LHospital ta c

( )
( )
10
= lim
= lim
6
( )
( )
lim
lim
+1 5
= .
+1
3
b. lim
= lim
lim
5
3
5
3
= lim
= 1 v lim
5
3
= lim
Ta c lim
= lim
=1
1 cos
1
= .
sin
2
c. lim(cos ) =
Bi 3.4: Xt s tn ti gii hn ca
Gii:
Gi s
, khi =
+ Cho
0 theo hng trc
lim
+ Cho
khi
= lim
0 theo hng ng thng

lim
GII TCH PHC
= lim
=0
= lim
= lim
1 = 1 (1)
= lim
= lim
1+
1
= 1 (2)
09
T (1) v (2) ta suy ra khng tn ti gii hn lim
Lu : iu kt lun trn cng c ngha l hm s ( ) =
khng lin tc ti
= 0.
Bi 3.5: Xt nh lin tc ca hm
( )=
| |
= ,
| |=
Gii:
= 1 ta c:
+ Ti
(1) = 3 v lim ( ) = lim
= lim (
+ + 1) = 3
Vy lim ( ) = (1) nn hm s lin tc ti
=1
+ Ti
( ) = 3 v lim ( ) = lim
= lim(
+ + 1) =
Vy lim ( ) (1) nn hm s gin on ti
Bi 3.6: Cho cc hm
( )
a. ( ) =
b. ( ) = |
C th gn gi tr ca hm s ti
c. ( ) =
n tr thnh hm lin tc ti
( )
| |
hay khng?
Gii:
a. Chn 2 dy
= v
= , khi
0 khi
Xt
lim ( ) = lim
lim
( ) = lim
GII TCH PHC
( )
1
= lim
( )
= lim
= lim 1 = 1
0
= lim 0 = 0
1
10
Suy ra khng tn ti lim ( ) nn khng th gn gi tr ca hm s ti im
= 0.
thnh hm lin tc ti
= v
b. Chn 2 dy
= 0 n tr
= + , khi
0 khi
Xt
1
lim ( ) = lim
| |
= lim
= lim 1 = 1
lim
( ) = lim
= lim
= lim
1+
2
1+
2
Suy ra khng tn ti lim ( ) nn khng th gn gi tr ca hm s ti im
= 0.
thnh hm lin tc ti
=
c. Gi s
+
( )
Khi ( ) =
= 0 n tr
| |
( , )=
( , )=
= ( , )+
( , )
Ta c
0
| |
= | | m lim | | = 0 nn lim ( , ) = lim
m lim
T (1) v (2) suy ra lim ( ) = lim
Vy c th gn gi tr ( ) = 0 ti
( )
| |
= 0 (1)
= 0 nn lim ( , ) = lim
= 0 (2)
=0
= 0 n tr thnh hm lin tc ti
Bi 3.7 (cu 2, thi mn GTP K16): Chng minh rng hm ( ) =
= 0.
lin tc trn .
Gii:
Gi s
GII TCH PHC
, khi ( ) = =
= ( , )+
( , )
11
( , )=
( , )=
Ly ty
, khi ta c: ( ) =
Xt
lim
( , ) = lim
( , ) = lim
( ) =
lim
[ ( , )+
lim ( ) = lim
= ( )
Suy ra hm s lin tc ti
Do
( , )] =
ly ty trong nn hm ( ) lin tc trn .
Bi 3.8 (bi 10, SGK,tr 52): Chng minh rng hm ( ) =

.
lin tc u trn min | | <
Gii:
t : { : | | < 1}
Vi ,
ta c
| ( ) ( )| = |
Vy > 0, = , ,
Do ( ) =
| = | || + | |
:|
|<
|(| | + | |) < 2| |
| ( ) ( )| < 2|
|<2 =
lin tc u trn : | | < 1.
Bi 3.9 (bi 11, SGK, tr 52): Chng minh rng hm ( ) = khng lin tc u trn min
| |< .
Gii:
IV. BI TON CHNG MINH S TN TI O HM CA HM PHC

4.1. Kin thc b tr
a. iu kin Cauchy-Riemann (dng i s)
Cho hm ( ) = ( , ) +
GII TCH PHC
( , ) c o hm ti im
th:
12
+ ( , ), ( , ) c o hm ring ti im ( , )
+ Cc o hm ring ca ( , ), ( , )tha mn phng trnh
=
(1)
Ngc li nu ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc ti im ( , ) v tha (1) th

( ) = ( , ) + ( , ) c o hm ti im = + v
( )=
( , )+
( , )
( )=
( , )
( , ).
b. iu kin Cauchy-Riemann (dng phc)

= cos ,
Ta c
= sin , =
= arctan
, khi iu kin Cauchy-
Rieamann dng phc l

=
4.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 4.1: Kho st s tn ti o hm ca cc hm s sau:
a. ( ) =
b. ( ) = | |
Gii:
a. Gi s =
( )=
, khi
=( +
) =
+ (3
) = ( , )+
( , )
( , )=
3
( , )=3
Suy ra
=3
=3
=3
3
;
=
= 6
=6
= 6
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc ti mi im ( , ) v tha iu kin

Cauchy-Riemann nn ( ) c o hm ti mi im thuc mt phng phc
b. Gi s =
( )=| | =
GII TCH PHC
, khi
+
= ( , )+
( , )
13
( , )=
+
( , )=0
Suy ra
=2 ;
= 0;
=2 ;
=0
Hm ( ) c o hm khi
2 =0
2 =0
=0
Vy hm ( ) c o hm ti im
= 0, khng c o hm ti mi im
Bi 4.2 (bi 13,14, SGK, tr52): Chng minh rng
) khng tn ti ti mi im
thuc mt phng phc.

Gii:
+ Chng minh
=
Gi s
( )= =
khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc

, t ( ) = , khi
= ( , )+
( , )
( , )=
( , )=
Suy ra
= 1;
= 1;
= 0;
= 1 1 =
R rng
=0
nn ( ) khng c o hm ti mi im
thuc mt phng
phc.
Vy
khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc
+ Chng minh
Gi s
( )=
, t ( ) =
=( +
GII TCH PHC
) khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc
) (
, khi
)=
+(
) = ( , )+
( , )
14
( , )=
( , )=
+
+
Suy ra
=3
+3
=2
=2
Hm ( ) c o hm khi
3
2
+
=
= 2
+3
Suy ra hm ( ) c o hm ti im
(
Vy
=0
= 0, khng c o hm ti mi im
) khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc

( )=
Bi 4.3: Cho hm ( , ) c
. Gi s ( ) c o hm, m ( ).
Gii:
Gi s
, ( ) = ( , )+
Theo gi thit ta c ( , ) =
( , )
=2 ;
= 2
Do ( )c o hm nn ta c
= 2 (1)
= 2 (2)
=2 ( , )=2
T (1):
2 +
( )=2
Vy ( ) =
+ ( )
( )=0 ( )=
+ (2
+ ) =( +
= 2 + ( ) thay vo (2) ta c
=
) +
Bi 4.4: Tm sao cho cc hm sau kh vi

a. ( ) =
b. ( ) =
GII TCH PHC
+ (
15
| |>
| |
c. ( ) =
( thi mn GTP K18)
Gii:
a. ( ) =
( , )=
( , )=
+ (
+2
) = ( , )+
( , )
2
+2
Suy ra
=2 2 ;
=2 2 ;
=2 2
= 2 2 ;
=
=2 +2
= 2 2
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc ti mi im ( , ) v tha iu kin

Cauchy-Riemann nn ( ) c o hm hay kh vi ti mi im thuc mt phng phc
b. Gi s
( )=
= (cos + sin ), khi

+ =
=(
cos 5 + cos ) + (
( , )=
( , )=
(cos 5 + sin 5 ) + (cos sin )

sin 5 sin ) = ( , ) +
( , )
cos 5 + cos
sin 5 sin
Suy ra
=5
cos 5 + cos ;
= 5
sin 5 sin ;
=5
sin 5 sin
=5
cos 5 cos
R rng
1
=
1
(5
cos 5 cos ) = 5
1
= (5
cos 5 cos
sin 5 sin ) = 5
sin 5 + sin
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring khng tha iu kin Cauchy-Riemann nn ( )

khng kh vi ti mi .
c. + Tp
= { : | | > 3} l tp m
GII TCH PHC
16
Ta c ( ) = 2 = 2 + 0 = ( , ) +
( , )
( , )=2
( , )=0
Suy ra
= 0;
= 0;
= 0;
=0
=0
=0
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc tha iu kin Cauchy-Riemann trn tp

nn ( ) c o hm hay kh vi trn .
+ Tng t vi
= { : | | < 3} ta chng minh c ( ) c o hm hay kh vi trn
= { : | | = 3}, khi ( ) = 1
+ Xt
Xt dy
= (1 + )
| |= 1+
| |= 1+
3>3 ( )=2
Ta c
khi , tuy nhin ( ) = 2 1 = ( ) nn hm ( ) khng lin tc ti
mi im trn . Do ( ) khng kh vi ti mi : | | = 3.
Bi 4.5 ( thi mn GTP Cao hc 2008-2009): Cho
( )=
Hm ( ) c o hm ti
| |
| |<
no?
Gii:
+ Xt tp
= { : | | > 1} l tp m
Ta c ( ) =
=( +
) =
+2
= ( , )+
( , )
( , )=
( , )=2
Suy ra
=2 ;
GII TCH PHC
=2 ;
= 2 ;
=2
17
=2
= 2
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc v tha iu kin Cauchy-Riemann trn

tp nn ( ) c o hm ti mi im trn .
+ Xt tp
= { : | | < 1} l tp m
Ta c ( ) = 1 = 1 + 0 = ( , ) +
( , )
( , )=1
( , )=0
Suy ra
= 0;
= 0;
=0
= 0;
=0
=0
Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc v tha iu kin Cauchy-Riemann trn

tp nn ( ) c o hm ti mi im trn .
+ Xt
= { : | | = 1}, khi ( ) =
th ( ) =
Vi
1
= 1 thuc
Vi
1. Xt dy
= (1 )
| |= 1
| |= 1
= 1 = 1 + 0 ta chng minh c ( ) kh vi ti
1<1 ( )=1
Ta c khi , tuy nhin ( ) = 1

= ( ) nn hm ( ) khng lin tc ti
mi im trn \{1}. Do ( ) khng kh vi ti mi trn \{1}.
V. BI TON XC NH HM GII TCH, HM IU HA

5.1. Kin thc b tr
a. Hm gii ch
+ ( ) gii ch trn min m
GII TCH PHC
nu
kh vi (tn ti o hm) ti mi im thuc

18
+ ( ) gii ch ti im
nu kh vi trong ln cn ca im
+ ( ) = ( , ) + ( , ) gii ch trong min , cc ( , ), ( , )c o hm ring lin

tc trn th ( , ), ( , ) tha phng trnh Laplace:
= 0.
b. Hm iu ha
+ Hm thc hai bin c o hm ring cp 2 lin tc v tha phng trnh Laplace c gi
l hm iu ha.
+ Hai hm iu ha ( , ), ( , ) sao cho ( ) = ( , ) +
hai hm iu ha lin hp.
+ Hm ( ) = ( , ) + ( , ) xc nh trn min
( , ), ( , ) l cc hm iu ha trn .
+ ( , ) l hm iu ha trn
( , ) gii ch c gi l
n lin v gii ch trn
th tn ti ( ) gii ch trn
sao cho
th
( )= ( , )
5.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 5.1 ( thi mn GTP CH 2008-2009): Cho
a. Chng t l hm iu ha.
b. Tm hm gii ch ( ) sao cho
( , )=
( ). Tm
( ).
Gii:
a. Chng minh l hm iu ha.
= 12
1,
= 12
+ 1,
= 12
12
= 12
12
= 12
12
+ 12
12
=0
Vy hm thc hai bin c cc o hm ring cp 2 lin tc ti mi im ( , ) v tha

phng trnh Laplace nn l hm iu ha (c th gi l phn thc ca hm gii ch).
b. Tm hm gii ch
Gi s hm gii ch cn m c dng: ( ) = ( , ) + i( , ), vi ( , ) l hm iu
ha lin hp vi ( , ), khi ( , ), ( , ) phi tha iu kin Cauchy-Riemann
GII TCH PHC
19
=4
12
12
= 12
Vy ( ) = 6
+4
1 (2)
1=4
+ ( )
+ ( ) thay vo (2) ta c
( ) = 12
( ) = ( , ) = 4
1 (1)

= 12
= 12
T (1):
+4
4
+
( ) = 1 ( ) = +
+ 1 + (4
Bi 5.2 ( thi mn GTP K15): Cho ( , ) =
+ ).
)
a. Chng t ( , ) l hm iu ha trn mt min thch hp.

b. Tm mt hm gii ch ( ) = ( , ) + ( , ), gii ch trn min .
c. Biu din trong cu (b) theo bin
Gii:
a. Chng minh ( , ) l hm iu ha.
=
=
sin
(sin sin + cos )
(sin sin + cos )

sin
(2 sin + sin cos )
( cos cos + sin )
( sin + sin + sin + cos ) =
( sin cos ) +
(2 sin sin + cos )
=0
Vy ( , ) c cc o hm ring cp 2 lin tc ti mi im ( , ) v tha phng trnh

Laplace nn ( , ) l hm iu ha.
b. Hm ( ) = ( , ) +
Cauchy-Riemann:
GII TCH PHC
( , ) gii ch trn min
nn ( , ), ( , ) tha iu kin
20
T (1):
(sin sin + cos ) (1)
( cos + cos sin ) (2)
( cos + cos + sin + cos ) + ( )

( cos + sin ) + ( )
( cos + sin ) +
=
=
(sin sin + cos )
( , )=
cos +
( )
(cos cos sin ) + ( )
Thay vo (2) ta c:
(cos cos sin ) +
( )=0 ( )=
( , )=
( )=
( cos + cos sin )
( cos + sin ) +
Vy ( ) =
( sin
cos ) + (
( cos + sin ) + )
c. Biu din ( ) cu b theo bin

( )=
( sin
cos ) + (
sin
=(
( cos + sin ) + )
cos +
cos +
sin ) (
sin +
=( +
sin (
=( +
sin +
=( +
sin + ( +
=( +
(sin + cos ) +
= ( +
= ( +
= ( +
= ( +
=
GII TCH PHC
cos
sin +
cos ) +
cos +
)
cos +
cos +
(sin + cos ) +
(cos sin ) +
+
+
21
VI. BI TON TM V PHN LOI IM BT THNG

6.1. Kin thc b tr
a. im bt thng
+
c gi l im bt thng ca ( ) nu ( ) khng gii ch ti
+ c gi l im bt thng c lp ca ( ) nu tn ti mt ln cn bn knh
sao cho trong ln cn hm ( ) khng c im bt thng no khc.
+
c gi l im bt thng ct yu nu khng tn ti s
lim (
( )=
>0
nguyn dng sao cho
0.
c gi l im bt thng b c ca ca ( ) nu lim ( ) tn ti.
+ im bt thng ca ( ) ti
= l im bt thng ca hm
ti
= 0.
b. im cc
+
ca ( ) nu tn ti s
c gi l im cc bc
lim (
= 1 th
+ Trng hp
( )=
nguyn dng sao cho

0.
c gi l im cc n.
6.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 6.1: Xc nh cc im bt thng ca cc hm s sau:
a. ( ) =
b. ( ) =
c. ( ) =
Gii:
a. ( ) = (
=(
) (
Vy hm ( ) c 2 im bt thng = 2 v
= 2
+ Xt lim ( 2 )
= lim
( ) = lim ( 2 )
Do = 2 l im cc bc 2 ca ( ).
Tng t = 2 cng l im cc bc 2 ca ( ).
GII TCH PHC
22
+ Xt im = 2 . Tn ti ln cn ca im = 2 , bn knh = 1 > 0 m trong ln cn

khng c im bt thng no khc ca hm ( ) tr im = 2 . Vy = 2 l im bt
c lp ca ( ).
= 2 cng l im bt thng c lp ca ( ).
Tng t
b. Hm ( ) =
GPT: cos = 0 = +
=
Vy
+ Xt
lim
(
( )=
=
(
+ Cc im
lim
Do = (
=(
l cc im bt thng ca ( ).
(
= 0 nn = 0 l im bt thng ca ( )
khng xc nh ti
)
(
lim
(
(
(
)
)
l cc im cc n ca ( ).
l cc im ri rc c t trn trc thc trong mt khong hu
hn cha im 0. Do ti mi im tn ti ln cn bn knh
im bt thng no khc. Do
+ Do
=(
0 khi
bt thng khc 0. Do
+ Xt lim( 0)
lim( 0)
nn vi mi
l cc im bt thng c lp.
> 0, mi ln cn bn knh
lun cha im
= 0 khng l im bt thng c lp.
( ) = lim
=(
> 0 no khng cha
= 0 Khng tn ti
( ) 0. Do
nguyn dng tha mn
= 0 l im bt thng ct yu ca ( ).
= 0 l im bt thng ca ( )
c.
+ lim ( ) = lim
= 1 . Do = 0 l im bt thng b c ca ( ).
Bi 6.2 ( thi mn GTP CH K18):

a. Xc nh tt c cc im bt thng ca hm sau
( )=
GII TCH PHC
+ +
.
( ) ( + )
23
b. Xc nh cc im m ti ( ) gii ch.
Gii:
Ta c ( )c hai im bt thng
+ Xt lim( 1)
= 1 v =
( ) = lim( 1)
) (
= lim
Do = 1 l im cc bc 3 ca ( ).
+ Xt lim
( ) = lim
Do =
) (
= lim
l im cc bc 2 ca ( ).
+ Ti im = 1 tn ti ln cn bn knh = 1 > 0 m trong khng cha im bt

thng no khc tr im = 1. Do = 1 l im bt thng c lp ca hm ( ).
Tng t = cng l im bt thng c lp ca hm ( ).
=
+ Xt ti
t
( )=
) (
= 0 l im bt thng ca hm
R rng
Xt lim ( 0)
( ) = lim ( 0)
) (
= 0 l im cc bc 3 ca hm
Do
) (
= 0
hay = l im cc bc 3 ca hm ( ).
b. Theo cu a th ( ) s gii ch ti mi im :
Bi 6.3 (bi 28, SGK, tr54): CMR hm ( ) =
= lim (
1, ,
)
c hai im cc bc 2 ti
v mt cc im n ti v cc.
Gii:
( )=
(
(
)
)
=(
)
) (
Hm ( ) c 2 im bt thng = 1 + 2 v
+ Xt lim ( 1 2 )
GII TCH PHC
= 12
( ) = lim ( 1 2 )
(
(
)
) (
24
= lim
(
(
)
)
( )
Do = 1 + 2 l im cc bc 2 ca ( )
Tng t ta cng c
= 1 + 2 l im cc bc 2 ca ( ).
+ Ti = .
t
R rng
( )=
Xt lim ( 0)
Do
= lim (
0)
= 0 l im cc n ca
= lim
=10
= l im cc n ca hm ( ).
hay
Bi 6.4 (bi 30,SGK, tr54): CMR hm ( ) =
c mt im bt thng ct yu v cc.
Gii:
t
( )=
R rng
=
= 0 nn
khng xc nh ti
Xt lim ( 0)
= lim ( 0)
Do khng tn ti
nguyn dng no lim ( 0)
= lim
=0
0 nn
bt thng ct yu ca hm
hay
= 0 l im
= l im bt thng ct yu ca hm ( ).
VII. BI TON TNH TCH PHN

7.1. Kin thc b tr
a. Tch phn ng
+ Nu ( ) = ( , ) +
( , ) th ch phn ng ca ( ) trn ng cong

( )
GII TCH PHC
25
+ Nu ng cong
= ( )
;
= ( )
c phng trnh tham s
( )
{ [ ( ), ( )] +
th
[ ( ), ( )]}. [ ( ) +
( )]
b. nh l Green (dng phc)

( , ) , ( , ) lin tc v c o hm ring lin tc trn min , khi ta c:
( , )
+ ( , )
=2
biu th yu t din ch
c. nh l Cauchy cho min n lin

Gi s hm gii ch trong min n lin v lin tc trong . Khi vi mi ng
cong n, ng nm trong , ta c:
( )
= 0.
d. nh l Cauchy-Goursat
Gi s hm
gii ch trong min . Khi ta c:
( )
= 0.
vi mii ng cong n, ng trong .

e. Cc h qu ca nh l Cauchy
+ Nu hm gii ch trong min n lin v , l 2 im thuc
ph thuc vo ng ni hai im v .
th
+ Cho gii ch trong min gii hn bi hai ng cong kn ,

trn cc ng cong ny, khi :
+ Tch phn
+ Tch phn
trong
0
2
=
khi =
khi =
2
0
( )
nm ngoi
nm trong
khi = 1
vi
khi 1
( )
vi
( )
khng
nm trong ) v
.
l ng cong n ng.
l ng cong n ng v
nm
GII TCH PHC
26
f. Cng thc ch phn Cauchy

+ Gi s l min a lin gii hn bi cc ng cong
v cc ng cong
nm trong , ( ) gii ch trong v trn bin ca n, khi :
( )
+ ( ) gii ch trong min
n lin,
(
,,
= 2 . ( ).
l ng cong n, ng nm trong , khi :
( )
( )(
).
7.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 7.1: Tnh ch phn = | |
trong
l bin ca min
| |=
( )=
Gii:
Chia
thnh 2 ng
: | | = 1 v
+ Trn
ta c
=0
,0
Khi | |
+ Trn
= , 1
= | |
ta c
Khi | |
Vy = | |
= | |
Bi 7.2 (bi 3,SGK, tr86): Tnh

c xc nh bi:
a.
= + .
b. ng thng t
=
=
+
+ | |
n =
, ri t
= + =0
dc theo ng cong
Gii:
a. vi = 0 = 0 v
Ta c
=4+2 =2
= (2 + )
Khi
=
= (
GII TCH PHC
)(2 + )
= (2
+ )
27
b. Gi s =
Khi =
= 10
= (
)(
)=
+ on thng i t = 0 n = 2 tng ng vi ng thng i t im

(0,2), khi trn OA th = 0, 0 2.
(0,0) n
=2
+on thng i t = 2 n = 4 + 2 tng ng vi ng thng i t im (0,2)

n im (4,2), khi trn AB th = 2, 0 4
2 | = 88
Vy = 2 + (8 8 ) = 10 8 .
Bi 7.3 (bi 4,SGK, tr 86): Tnh = | |
( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) .
dc theo bin
ca hnh vung c cc nh
Gii:
Gi s
= | |
= (
= (
+ Trn on OA th
(
+ Trn on AB th
(
+ Trn on BC th
(
Vy = +
GII TCH PHC
, khi
)(
+ (
1
+
= 1, 0
+ (
+ (
+ =1+
1
+
= 1, 0
= 0, 0
+ (
= (1 +
1
+
=(
+ 1)
.
28
Bi 7.4 (bi 5,SGK, tr86): Tnh =
trong cc trng hp sau:
a. Dc theo ng thng ni hai im = v = .

b. Dc theo ng cong =
, = + .
Gii:
a. Gi s =
=
(3
(9
(3
, khi
) (
+
+
+ (9
ng thng i t = v = 2 tng ng vi ng thng i t im (0,1) n

im (2, 1), khi trn AB ta c: = + 1, 0 2
= (9
( + 1 ) ( + 1 ) )
+ 6 ( + 1)
= (2
= = 1 v
b. Ti im
Ta c
+5
(2
4
5
15
+5
)
+ 10 1)
=2 =2
= 2 2 + (1 +
)+
( + 1) ( + 1) )(
+ 10 1)
15
+ (9
6 ( + 1) (
= [2 + (1 2 )]
Khi
= [3(2 2)(1 +
= [(14
=
+9
= 20 +
= 27 +
+ 27
+ 13) + (12
13
) ][2 + (1 2 )]
30
+ 10
+
+ 14 4)]
+7
7 +
.
Bi 7.5: Tnh ch phn =
GII TCH PHC
) + (1 +
trong : ( ) + ( ) =
29
Gii:
Ta c ( ) =
khng gii ch ti im
= 0 nhng im
= 0 khng nm trong v trn
C. Vy hm ( ) gii ch trong v trn

Theo nh l Cauchy-Goursat ta c
=
Bi 7.6: Tnh ch phn = (
= 0.
, vi
c cho nh hnh v
Gii:
Ta c ( ) =4 1 gii ch trn ton mt phng phc nn
p dng h qu 1 th ch phn cho khng ph thuc vo
ng ni 2 im = v
on thng
ni 2 im
= (4 1)
= nn ta c th thay
= v
= ( 4 1)
Bi 7.7: Tnh =
, vi
bng
= . Khi ta c
= (4 1)
= (2
)|
= 2
8 3
l chu tuyn nh hnh v
Gii:
Ta c ( ) =
khng l ng cong n nhng c th xem

ca hai ng cong n, ng
l hp
nh hnh v
Khi
8 3
=
= 5
+
+ 3
= 0 nm trong
= 0 v
= 1 nm trong
GII TCH PHC
8 3
8 3
8 3
= 1 nm ngoi
nn theo h qu 5 ta c:
= 0 nm ngoi
=2
,
30
=2
=0
5.2
= 4 .
Vy = 3.2
Bi 7.6: Tnh =
, vi : | | = ; : |
|=
Gii:
+ Vi : | | = 5. K hiu
R rng = v
= 3
+
= 2 u nm trong
= v
Bao hai im
1, khi
=
=2
= 2 ln lt bi cc ng trn
+ 3
= nm trong
l min bao bi
= 2 nm ngoi
= 2 nm trong
= 0 v
Vy = 3.2
= nm ngoi
l min bao bi
,
= 2 nm trong
= 2 bi ng trn
Bi 7.7: Tnh =
a.
=4
R rng = nm ngoi
=2
+ Vi : | 2 | = . K hiu
Bao im
:| 2 | =
=0
: | + | = 1 v
:| | =
: | 2 | = , khi
= 2

b.
:| | =
c.
Gii:
a. Ta c =
GII TCH PHC
=
31
t ( ) =
=3
R rng ( ) gii ch trong v trn

= 2 . (3 ) = 2 .
b. Ta c =
t ( ) =
nn p dng cng thc ch phn Cauchy ta c
=0

= 2 . (0 ) =
nn p dng cng thc ch phn Cauchy ta c

.
c. Ta thy = 0 v = 3 u nm trong
lin v theo cu a, cu b ta c
=
Bi 7.8: Tnh =
a.
nn theo nh l Cauchy-Goursat cho min a
= (
1)
b.
c.
vi : | | =
Gii:
= 1 ta c =
a. Vi
t ( ) = cos ,
=0

(0) = 2 . cos 0 = 2
=2
= 2 ta c =
b. Vi
t ( ) = cos ,
=0
( ) = sin

ta c:
=
c. Vi
nn p dng cng thc ch phn Cauchy ta c:
nn p dng cng thc ch phn Cauchy cho o hm
(0) = 2 . sin 0 = 0 .
= 3 ta c =
GII TCH PHC
32
t ( ) = cos ,
=0
( ) = sin

ta c:
=
(0 ) =
. cos 0 =
( ) = cos
Bi 7.9 (bi 17, SGK, tr87): Tnh

a. =
)(
b. =
vi : | | = .
Gii:
a. Nhn thy = 1 v
min a lin ta c
=
Vi
)(
: | 1| = v
+ Tnh
= 2 u nm trong
)(
t ( ) =
)(
= 2 . (1) = 2
=
)(
= 2 . (2) = 2
b. =
t ( ) =
GII TCH PHC
)(
=
=1
=
=2
+2
=2
t ( ) =
Vy = 2
: | 2| =
+ Tnh
nn p dng theo nh l Cauchy-Goursat cho
=2
=4 .
= 1
( )=2
( )=4
( )=8
33

ta c:
=
(1) =
.8
Bi 7.10 (bi 21, SGK,tr88): CMR
, nu >
v : | | = .
Gii:
t =
=
= v
Nhn thy
ng trn
=
+ Tnh
)(
t ( ) =
)(
= u nm trong . Bao hai im
: | | = v
)
)(
)(
t ( ) =
)(
Suy ra

=2 .
= (
= sin hay
)(
= 2 . ( ) = 2 .
=2 .
Vy =
=2 . ()=2 .
=
= ln lt bi cc
: | + | = . Khi ta c
+ Tnh
= v
) = . 2 sin = 2
.
sin
= sin (pcm)
VIII. BI TON TM S NGHIM CA A THC

8.1. Kin thc b tr
GII TCH PHC
34
nh l Rouche:
n ng. | ( )| < | ( )|,
Cho ( ) v ( ) gii ch trong v trn ng cong
Khi ( ) + ( ) v ( ) c cng s khng im trong .

8.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 8.1 (cu 4, thi mn GTP K18): Tm s nghim ca a thc
( )=
a. Trong hnh trn | | < .
b. Trong hnh vnh khn
< .
Gii:
a. t ( ) = 9 ; ( ) =
Trn
+2
+1
: | | = 1 ta c
| ( )| = |
+2
+ 1| | | + 2| | + 1 = 4 < 9 = | ( )|
Do theo nhl Rouche th ( ) + ( ) = + 2 + 9 + 1 = ( ) c cng s khng

im vi ( ) = 9 trong : | | < 1. M ( ) c mt khng im trong nn suy ra ( )
cng c mt khng im tc l c mt nghim trong : | | < 1.
b. t ( ) =
Trn
; ( )=2
+9 +1
: | | = 2 ta c
| ( )| = |2
+ 9 + 1| 2| | + 9| | + 1 = 27 < 2 = | ( )|
Do theo nh l Rouche th ( ) + ( ) = + 2 + 9 + 1 = ( ) c cng s khng

im vi ( ) =
trong : | | < 2. M ( ) c nm khng im trong
nn suy ra
( ) cng c nm khng im tc l c nm nghim trong : | | < 2
Suy ra ( ) c 5 1 = 4 nghim trong hnh vnh khn 1
< 2.
Bi 8.2: Tm s nghim ca a thc

( )=
a. Trong hnh trn | | < .

b. Trong hnh vnh khn | | < .
c. Trong hnh vnh khn | | < .
Gii:
a. t ( ) = 5 ; ( ) =
GII TCH PHC
+1
35
Trn
: | | = 1 ta c
| ( )| = |
+ 1| | | + 1 = 2 < 5 = | ( )|
Do theo nh l Rouche th ( ) + ( ) = 5 + 1 = ( ) c cng s khng im

vi ( ) = 5 trong : | | < 1. M ( ) c mt khng im trong
nn suy ra ( )
cng c mt khng im tc l c mt nghim trong : | | < 1.
b. t ( ) =
Trn
; ( ) = 5 + 1
: | | = 3 ta c
| ( )| = |5 + 1| 5| | + 1 = 16 < 3 = | ( )|

vi ( ) =
trong : | | < 3. M ( ) c ba khng im trong
nn suy ra ( ) cng
c ba khng im tc l c ba nghim trong : | | < 3
c. t ( ) = 5 ; ( ) =
Trn
< 3.
+1
: | | = 2 ta c
| ( )| = |
+ 1| | | + 1 = 9 < 10 = | ( )|

vi ( ) = 5 trong : | | < 2. M ( ) c mt khng im trong
nn suy ra ( )
cng c mt khng im tc l c mt nghim trong : | | < 2
< 3.
IX. BI TON KHAI TRIN CHUI V TM MIN HI T

9.1. Kin thc b tr
Mt s chui Maclouren thng gp
= 1+
1!
sin =
3!
GII TCH PHC
2!
+
+=
5!
!
(1)
(2 + 1)!
36
cos = 1
2!
4!
(1)
( 2 )!
Min hi t i vi cc chui trn l | | <

1
1
=1+ +
+=
1
1
=1 +
(1)
Min hi t i vi cc chui trn l | | < 1

9.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 9.1: Khai trin chui Taylor ca cc hm sau theo ly tha

t ca chui va m c
a. ( ) =
c. ( ) =
,
(
b. ( ) =
),
d. ( ) =
. Xc nh min hi
=
,
Gii:
a. ( ) =
Ta c
=
= .
= .
( )=
=
Min hi t:
(1)
( 3)
( 3)
=
(
( 3)
(
( 3)
( 3)
=
( 3)
( 3)
< 1 | 3| < 2.
b. ( ) =
Ta c
GII TCH PHC
37
(1)
( 2)
o hm 2 v ta c
( )=
( 2)
(
=
)
)(
)(
( 2)
( 2)
< 1 | 2| < 2.
Min hi t:
c. ( ) = sin(
+ 4 ) = sin(( + 2) 4) = sin( + 2) cos 4 sin 4 cos( + 2)
Ta c
(1)
cos( + 2) =
(1)
sin( + 2) =
( ) = cos 4
)
(
)!
( + 2)
(2 )!
(1)
( + 2)
sin 4
( 2 + 1 )!
(1)
( + 2)
(2 )!
Min hi t: | + 2| < .
d. ( ) =
Ta c
(
)
!
( )=
)
!
Min hi t: | 2| < .
Bi 9.2: Khai trin chui Laurent ca hm ( ) =
ti
= , = , = .
Gii:
+ Ti = 0
( )=
Min hi t: 0 < | | < 1.

GII TCH PHC
38
+ Ti = 1
( )=
( 1) =
( 1)
Min hi t: 0 < | 1| < 1.

+ Ti =
=
( )=
( )=
Bi 9.3: Khai trin chui Laurent ca cc hm ( ) =

a.
<| |<
)(
b.
)(
trong cc hnh vnh khn
<| |<
Gii:
a. ( ) =
=3
Ta c
=
( ) = 3
b. ( ) =
)(
=3
Ta c
( ) = 3
(
(
)
)
(1)
GII TCH PHC
<| |<
)
)
( 3)
( 3) .
Bi 9.4: Khai trin chui Laurent ca cc hm ( ) =

a.
(1)
b.
)(
trong cc hnh vnh khn
<| |<
39
Gii:
a. ( ) =
)(
Ta c
=
=
=
( ) =
2
<1
Min hi t:
b. ( ) =
<1
)(
| |<2
| |<2
| |<2
1 < | | < 2.
| |>1
| |>1
| | >1
Bi 9.5 (bi 19, SGK, tr118): Khai trin chui Laurent ca cc hm ti

a. ( ) =
b. ( ) = ( )
c. ( ) =
Gii:
a. ( ) =
)
(
Ta c
(
[ (
( )=
)]
( 1)
( 1) =
( 1)
Min hi t: |2( 1)| < | 1| <

b. ( ) = ( 3) sin
= ( + 2) sin
5 sin
Ta c
sin
(1)
( ) = ( + 2)
GII TCH PHC
)
(
)!
(
(
)
)! (
)
)! (
)
(
(
)
)! (
40
)! (
)! (
< | + 2| > 0.
Min hi t:
c. ( ) =
Ta c
=
(1)
( 3)
o hm 2 v ta c:
(
=
( )=
( 3)
=
)(
)(
( 3) =
( 3)
(
)(
( 3)
< 1 | 3| < 3.
Min hi t:
Bi 9.6 (bi 21,SGK, tr 118): Khai trin chui Laurent ca hm ( ) =
)(
trong cc
min ch ra:
a.
<| + |<
)(
b.
<| |<
Gii:
a. ( ) =
Ta c
=
( )=
( + 1)
( + 1) .
b.
Bi 9.7 (bi 22,SGK,tr 118): Khai trin chui Laurent ca hm ( ) =
)(
trong cc
min ch ra
a.
<| |<
b.
<| |<
Gii:
GII TCH PHC
41
a. ( ) =
)(
Ta c
=
( )=
a. ( ) =
(1) ( 2)
(1) ( 2) =
)(
(1) ( 2)
Ta c
=
( ) = (
( 1)
( 1) =
( 1)
X. BI TON PHN LOI IM BT THNG DA VO CHUI LAURENT

10.1. Kin thc b tr
Gi s
l im bt thng c lp ca hm ( ) v ( ) c khai trin chui Laurent

( )=
+ Nu phn chnh ca chui (1) bng 0 (
= 0, ) th
(1)
l im bt thng b c.
+ Nu phn chnh ca chui (1) c hu hn cc s hng th

l im cc n).
+ Nu phn chnh ca chui (1) c v hn cc s hng th
l cc im cp
( = 1 th
l im bt thng ct yu.
10.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 10.1 (cu 5, thi GTP K18):
a. Khai trin chui Laurent ca hm sau trong ln cn ca im
= :
( )=
Xc nh min hi t ca chui va m.
b. Phn loi cc im bt thng ca hm ( ).
Gii:
GII TCH PHC
42
a. t
+ 2, khi :
2
( ) = ( + 2) =
= .
= .
2 1
!
Suy ra
2
( )=
1
=
! ( 2)
2
2
+ +
+ (1)
2
! ( 2)
< | 2| > 0
Min hi t:
b. Ta thy chui Laurent (1) ca hm ( ) c phn chnh gm v hn cc s hng nn im

= 2 l im bt thng ct yu ca hm ( ).
Bi 10.2: Cho hm s ( ) = ( )
a. Khai trin chui Laurent trong ln cn = .
b. Phn loi cc im bt thng ca hm ( ).
Gii:
a. Theo cu b bi 9.5 ta c
( )=
=1
)! (
!(
5
+
!(
)
)! (
(1)
b. ta thy chui (1) ca hm ( )c phn chnh gm v hn cc s hng nn im

im bt thng ct yu ca hm ( ).
= 2 l
XI. BI TON TNH TCH PHN BNG PHNG PHP THNG D

11.1. Kin thc b tr
a. Cng thc nh thng d
+ Nu
l cc im n ca hm ( ) khi :
[ ( ), =
+ Nu
l cc im cp
GII TCH PHC
] = lim [(
) ( )]
ca hm ( ) khi :
43
[ ( ), =
]=
1
lim
( 1)!
[(
( )]
b. nh l thng d Cauchy
Gi s l min n lin, l ng cong n, ng nm trong . ( ) gii ch trong v
trn tr mt s hu hn cc im nm trong , khi :
c. Tch phn dng
( )
[ ( ), =
= 2 .
(sin , cos )
l hm hu t
Phng php:
t
sin
Khi
bin thin t 0 2 th chy mt vng trn ng trn n v : | | = 1
v cos
(sin
Tng t vi ch phn dng
( )
d. Tch phn suy rng =
, cos
,
l hm hu t
Nu ( ) l hm hu t tha:
+ Bc mu ln hn bc t t nht 2 n v
+ ( ) c hu hn cc im , , nm trong na mt phng trn
+ ( ) khng c cc im nm trn trc thc
( ) =2
[ ( ), = ]
=
+ ( ) c cc im , , nm trn trc thc
( ) =2
( ), =
[ ( ), = ] +
=
( ) cos
e. Tch phn dng =
v =
( ) sin
Theo cng thc Euler ta c:

=
( ) cos
( )
( ) sin
( )
GII TCH PHC
44
+ ( ) khng c cc im nm trn trc thc
( )
[ ( )
=2
, = ]
+ ( ) c cc im , , nm trn trc thc
( )
[ ( )
=2
( )
]+
, =
, =
11.2. Bi tp mu
Bi 11.1 (bi 10, SGK, tr 137): Tnh =
bng phng php thng d.
Gii:
Ta c ( ) = (
) (
=(
) (
) (
)(
Hm ( ) c 2 cc im cp hai l = , = v 2 cc im n = 1 + , = 1
nhng ch c cc im cp hai = v cc im n = 1 + nm trong na mt
phng trn. Khi ta c:
=
) (
[ ( ), = ] =
(
= lim
(
(
[( )
lim
)!
) (
[ ( ), = ] +
=2 {
= lim
(
(
) (
( )
( )] = lim
[ ( ), = 1 + ]}
) (
) (
(
) (
) (
= lim
=2
) (
= ((
)
) (
=(
[ ( ), = 1 + ] = lim ( + 1 ) ( ) = lim ( + 1 )
) (
Bi 11.2 (bi 12, SGK, tr 137): Chng t rng:

GII TCH PHC
45
a. =
b. =
Gii:
a. t
10
+3=0
GPT: 3
; sin
Hm ( ) = (
=
=
=3
=
=3, =
c hai cc im cp 2 l
nhng ch c im
nm trong hnh trn : | | = 1 v nm trong na mt phng trn. Khi ta c
( ), =
=2 .
( ), =
=(
lim
= lim
Vy =
=
=
=2 .
( ) = lim
)!
b. Lm tng t nh cu a
Bi 11.3: Tnh =
)(
Gii:
Ta c ( ) =
)(
)(
)(
)(
Hm ( ) c 4 cc im n nhng ch c
Khi ta c:
=
)(
=2 {
= v
[ ( ), = ] +
[ ( ), = ] = lim( ) ( ) = lim( )
= 3 nm trong na mt phng trn.
[ ( ), = 3 ]}
(
)(
[ ( ), = 3 ] = lim ( 3 ) ( ) = lim ( 3 )
GII TCH PHC
)(
= lim
(
)
)(
= lim
=
)(
=
46
=2
Bi 11.4: Tnh =
Gii:
=
Ta c ( ) =
=
)(
(do hm
Hm ( ) c 2 cc im n nhng ch c
c:
[ ( )
=2 .
= 2 . lim
= 3 nm trong na mt phng trn. Khi ta
, = 3 ] = 2 . lim ( 3 ) ( )
= 2 . lim ( 3 )
Vy =
l hm l)
=2 .
Bi 11.5 (cu 6, thi GTP K18): Dng thng d nh ch phn: =

Gii:
=
t ( ) =
Gii phng trnh
+1 = 0
= 1
Ta c 1 = cos + sin . Khi cn bc 6 ca 1 c xc nh bi:

= cos
+ sin
= 0,1,2,3,4,5
=0
= cos + sin =
=1
= cos + sin =
=2
= cos
+ sin
=3
= cos
+ sin
=4
= cos
+ sin
GII TCH PHC
47
=5
Vy
= cos
+ sin
+1=0
Hay hm ( ) c 6 im cc n nhng ch c 3 im cc n
phng trn. Khi ta c
( ), = +
=2
+2
[ ( ), = ] + 2
( ) = lim
nm trong na mt
( ), = +
Trong
( ), = +
= lim
lim
[ ( ), = ] = lim( ) ( ) = lim
lim
lim
=2
Vy =
( )=
lim
+2
( ), = +
+2
= .
Bi 11.6 (cu 5, thi GTP nin hc 2008-2009): Tnh bng thng d

.
Gii:
=
t =
i cn:
= = 0;
=
GII TCH PHC
)
(
= 2 , khi :
=
48
= |
; cos =
=
Hm ( ) =
)(
Nhn thy hm ( ) c 3 cc im n nhng ch c 2 cc im
= 0, = nm trong
min | | = 1 khi ta c:
=
[ ( ), = 0] +
.2
( ), =
[ ( ), = 0] = lim( 0) ( ) = lim
( ), =
( ) = lim
( ), =
= lim
[ ( ), = 0] +
= .
Bi 11.7 (cu 6, thi GTP nin hc 2008-2009) : Tnh thng d
Gii:
Xt ( ) =
GPT:
+1=0
= 1
Ta c 1 = cos + sin . Khi cn bc 6 ca 1 c xc nh bi:

= cos
+ sin
= 0,1,2,3,4,5
=0
= cos + sin =
=1
= cos + sin =
=2
= cos
+ sin
=3
= cos
+ sin
GII TCH PHC
49
=4
= cos
=5
= cos
Vy
+ sin
+ sin
+1=0
Hay hm ( ) c 6 im cc n nhng ch c 3 im cc n
phng trn. Khi ta c
( ), = +
=2
nm trong na mt
[ ( ), = ] + 2
+2
( ), =
Trong
( ), = +
= lim
( ) = lim
lim
)
(
[ ( ), = ] = lim( ) ( ) = lim
( ), =
lim
Vy =
GII TCH PHC
=2
( )=
lim
50

Gi I Tích PH C

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Gi I Tích PH C

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L THUYT & BI TP MN GII TCH PHC

(Ti liu ch c nh cht tham kho h p://nguyenchiphuong.WordPress.com )

khi phng trnh =

(1) v phng trnh (1) c

l nghim ca phng trnh

GII TCH PHC

l nghim ca phng trnh

l nghim ca phng trnh

Bi 1.2 (bi 24.SGK,tr 18): Gii phng trnh:

GII TCH PHC

Chn cos = ; sin =

l nghim ca phng trnh

l nghim ca phng trnh

Lm tng t vi 1 37 trong chn cos = ; sin =

l nghim ca phng trnh

II. BI TON 2: TM NH V TO NH QUA NH X PHC

( thi kt thc mn GTP - kha 16)

GII TCH PHC

= 1 l ng trn tm ( , 0), bn knh l .

Bi 2.2 (bi 7, SGK, tr 55): Dng tham s ha m nh ca ng trn |

Vy nh ca ng trn | | = 2 trong mp( ) l ng trn c tm l gc ta , bn knh

Ta coi min qut 0 <

Theo chng minh trn th nh ca a

Vy nh ca min qut 0 <

< l na mt phng trn 0 <

GII TCH PHC

III. BI TON TM GII HN V CHNG MINH S LIN TC CA HM PHC

Nu khi xt theo cc hng khc nhau th c cc kt qu khc nhau th ta kt lun

( ) lin tc trn min

Bi 3.2 (bi 6, SGK, tr51): Chng minh rng

GII TCH PHC

p dng quy tc LHospital ta c

0 theo hng trc

0 theo hng ng thng

GII TCH PHC

T (1) v (2) ta suy ra khng tn ti gii hn lim

Lu : iu kt lun trn cng c ngha l hm s ( ) =

(1) = 3 v lim ( ) = lim

Vy lim ( ) = (1) nn hm s lin tc ti

Vy lim ( ) (1) nn hm s gin on ti

GII TCH PHC

Suy ra khng tn ti lim ( ) nn khng th gn gi tr ca hm s ti im

Suy ra khng tn ti lim ( ) nn khng th gn gi tr ca hm s ti im

= | | m lim | | = 0 nn lim ( , ) = lim

T (1) v (2) suy ra lim ( ) = lim

Bi 3.7 (cu 2, thi mn GTP K16): Chng minh rng hm ( ) =

GII TCH PHC

ly ty trong nn hm ( ) lin tc trn .

Bi 3.8 (bi 10, SGK,tr 52): Chng minh rng hm ( ) =

lin tc u trn min | | <

lin tc u trn : | | < 1.

IV. BI TON CHNG MINH S TN TI O HM CA HM PHC

GII TCH PHC

Ngc li nu ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc ti im ( , ) v tha (1) th

b. iu kin Cauchy-Riemann (dng phc)

, khi iu kin Cauchy-

Rieamann dng phc l

Vy ( , ), ( , ) c cc o hm ring lin tc ti mi im ( , ) v tha iu kin

Bi 4.2 (bi 13,14, SGK, tr52): Chng minh rng

thuc mt phng phc.

khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc

khng tn ti ti mi im thuc mt phng phc

GII TCH PHC