Apj Abdul Kalam was born in a middle class TAMIL family in the island of

Rameswaram in Madras.
Father-Jainulabdeen, didnt have formal education, neither had money.
Spiritual, taught to Kalam fundamental truths of life and God.
Mother-Ashiamma, loving, motherly figure.
Ahmed jallaluddin-build boat with father, talked to God with an unusual affinity
and belongingness, made Kalam aware of brave, new world beyond our narrow
confines.
STR Manickam-library-> free access to books.
Samsuddin(cousin)-newspaper distributor.
Three orthodox hindu friends.

Contemplators
ch-15
1990-received Padma Vibhushan with Dr.Arunachalam.
Padma shree JC Bhattacharya and RN Agarwal.
India achieved the status of Third generation anti-tank missile system with fire
and forget capability.
Success of Nag- it uses two key technology.

1.Imaging Infra red(IIR)

2.Millimetric Wave(MMW) seeker

radar as its guiding eye.

DevelopmentsChandigarh developed Charge coupled devices array,Solid physiscs laboratory
delhi made matching cadmium Telluride detectors. The defense Sceince Centre,
Delhi put togheter an indigenous coolong system based on Joules Thomson
effect.
Went to Madurai Kamaraj University to deliver their convocation address,met
teacher Iyadurai Solomon.
celebrated 44th Indep.Day with test firing of akash.
Prahlada-had solid propellant booster system based on composite modified
double base propellant. Crucial in assuring long range surface to air missiles.
jadavpur University(1990)-Doctor of science.
Missile council declared 1991- the year o finitiative for DRDL and RCI.
Prithvi and Trishul-new developments.

Epilogue
honour of working with three scientific establishments- space ,defense, and
atomic energy. Failure contain in themselves the seeds of further learning which
can lead to better technology and high level of success. Worked with prof.vikram
Sarabhai,prof Satish Dhawan & Prof Brahm prakash.
self reliance mission in Defence System 1995-2005 will provide the armed forces
with a state of the art competitive weapons system.
The Technology Vision-2020 plan will help in economic growth and prosperity of
nation.
both wil help India to be placed amongst the developed countries.