Transformer Stability Test

Transformer
Details
Rated Power
Vector Group
Rated Voltage HV
Rated Current HV
CT Ratio HV
Rated Voltage LV
Rated Current LV
CT Ratio LV

30 Mva
Dyn1

% Impedance 30 mVA base

At Tap-1
14.50 %
At Tap-9
14.00 %
At Tap-21
13.80 %

115 Kv
150.61
Amp.
400/5
13.8 kV
1255.1
Amp.
2000/5

HV Voltage
At Tap-1
At Tap-9

126.5 Kv
115 kV

At Tap-21

97.75 kV

Tap-9 is nominal tap of the transformer.

Procedure for Transfer Stability
Differential Relay as well as REF Relay Stability
Apply 3-ph 380 Volts at the Primary side of the Transformer and SHORT all the THREE PHASE LV
after Differential CTs.
Applied Voltage in Primary Side 380 V
Expected HV Side Current

Applied Voltage x HV Current

(At Tap-9)
% Impedance x Voltage of the Tap

380 x 150.61
0.14 x 115000

3.554 Amps.

Expected Secondary Current of High side CT

=
3.554 x 5
400

Expected LV sided Current

0.044 Amps.

Applied Voltage x LV Current

(At Tap-9)
% Impedence x Voltage of the Tap

380 x 1255.1
0.14 x 115000

=
29.62 Amps.
Expected Secondary Current of Low side CT
=
29.62 x 5
2000
=

0.0740 Amps.

Now, for checking of Transformer STABILITY, you have to create a fault on outside of the
Differential CTs.

R
Y
B
High Side
CTs
HV
Breaker

Transformer
Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker

Create a FAULT here.

Low Side
CTs

After this, measure the current of High Side CTs and Low Side CTs in all the measurable points like
FTs, Ammeter, Diff. Relay, REF Relay etc.
Result,
1. Diff. Relay should not operate.
2. REF Relay should not operate.
Differential as well as REF Sensitivity Test

Create a FAULT here.

R
Y
B
High Side
CTs
HV
Breaker
Create a FAULT here.

Transformer
Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker
Low Side
CTs
After this, measure the current of High Side CTs and Low Side CTs in all the measurable points like
FTs, Ammeter, Diff. Relay, REF Relay etc.
Result,
1. Diff. Relay should show Differential Current.
2. REF Relay should show Differential Current.

Same way you have to do for remaining Phases.

You can create, 3-ph G fault in pace of doing individual, depends on requirement.

REF Stability
We already checked while doing Transformer Differential Stability, but I am displaying here
another way to do REF stability Phase by Phase.

R
Y
B
High Side
CTs
HV
Breaker

Transformer
Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker
Create a FAULT here.

Low Side
CTs

Result,
1. REF Relay should not operate.