SUATU TINJAUAN TENTANG PENGUKURAN SELEKTIVITAS JARING INSANG Gondo Puspito Laboratorium Teknologi Alat Penangkapan Ikan, Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan, FKIP-IPB Jalan Lingkat Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 (0251) 322258 ABSTRAK ‘Tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan suatu kajian mengenai pengukuran selektivitas jaring insang, baik melalui kajian teoritis maupun penelitian. Kajian teoritis didasarkan atas analisa terhadap perkiraan bentuk jaring akibat gays-gaya hidrodinamik, possi jaring dan proyeksi horizontal mata Jaring terhadap arah renang ikan. Semuanya dihubungkan dengan peluang tertangkapnya ikan oleh jaring. Penelitian dikerjakan dengan mengoperasikan jing insang dasar di perairan Palabuhan ‘atu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Sclanjutnya selektivitas total, selektivitas per lembar, dan per ketinggian Jsing diukur menggunakan ramus Matsuoka. Nila selektivitas ketiganya scharusnya sama, tetapi hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ketiganya memberikan nlsi yang berbeds. Berdasarkan kajian tecrtis dan penclitian membuktikan bahwa selektivitas jaring insang tidak dapat diukur. Ada terlala banyak faktor yang berpengaruh tethadap sclekiivitas jaring insang, seperti gaya internal dan. eksternal jaring, Kekenduran benang jaring, pilinan benang jaring, material jaring, metode peng- ‘operasian, tingkah laku ikan, dan srah renang ikan, . Kata kun faring insang, sclektivitas, gaya-gaya hidrodinamik, posisi jaring, proyeksi jaring horisontal, dan arah renang ikan, A STUDY ON MEASUREMENT OF GILLNET SELECTIFITY ABSTRACT ‘This paper tried to explain a study on measurement of gillnet selectivity, both in theoretical and experimental considerations. Theoretical consideration was based on prediction of net perfor- ‘ance in waters caused by hydrodynamic forces, net position, and horizontally net mesh projec- tion to fish swimming direction. All parameters were related by the opportunity of fish caught by ” net. The experiment was carried out by operating one unit of bottom gillnct in Palabuhanrata waters, Sukabumi, West Java. Furthermore, selectivity of total net, each net, and each height were calculated by using Matsuoka Formula. The three selectivity values have to be equal, but the results showed that they gave different values. Based on theoretical and experimental consider- atjons, it was proven thatthe measurement of gillnet selectivity could not be done. There were so many factors affecting gillnet selectivity, i.e. internal and external forces, hanging ratio of net, slackness of net twine, twist type of net twine, net material, operation method, swimming behav- ior of fish, and swimming direction of fish. Keywords: Gillnet, selectivity, hyérodynamic forces, net position, horizontally net projection, fish