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ISSN 1452-7804
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26. 2006. , 24. 25. 2007. , 28. 2007.
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2009. , 28. 2010. , 16. 2010. , 28. 29.
2011. , 23. 2011. , 25. 2012. . 2008, 2009, , , 2010, 2011, 2012.
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1 . L. Brisson, How Philosophers Saved Myths: Allegorical Interpretation and Classical Mythology,
Chicago/London 2004, 29-106.
2 . H.-J. Klauck, Allegorie und Allegorese in synoptischen Gleichnistexten (NTAbh 13), Mnster,
1978, 39.

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(. H. Chadwick, Antike Schriftauslegung. Pagane und christliche Allegorese, Berlin-New York 1998, 2).
4 F. Koplston, Istorija filosofije: Grka i Rim, Beograd 1991, 179-180.
5 . J. Tate, On the History of Allegorism (CQ 28) 1934, 110-111.

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7 , 28.
8 K.H.Jobes/M.Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint, Baker Academic 2000, 288-310.
9 . , Praeparatio Evangelica XIX, 28, PG 21, 741A.

10

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10

Praeparatio Evangelica VIII, 10, 3.

. S. Sandmel, Philos Knowledge of Hebrew. The Present State of the Problem, Studia Philonica 5,
1978, 107-112.
11

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De vita contemplativa, 78.

De opificio mundi 134f.
14 Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et Exodum I 11.
15 Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et Exodum I 12f.
16 Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et Exodum I 37.
17 De opificio mundi 165f.
13

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Legum allegoriarum II, 19-24.

Legum allegoriarum II, 53-70.

Legum allegoriarum II, 19.

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), ( 4 22-24).
. , .23 , .
, - . : 21 . Ch. Schublin, Zur paganen Prgung der christlichen Exegese, in: J. van Oort / U. Wickert (Hgg),
Christliche Exegese zwischen Nicaea und Chalcedon, Kampen 1992, 163.
22 L. Lies, Die Gotteswrdige Schriftauslegung nach Origenes, in: G. Dorival/A. Le Boulluec (ed.),
Origeniana sexta. Origene et la Bible (BEThL 118), Leuven 1995, 365-372.
23 . B. Studer, Die patristische Exegese, eine Aktualisirung der Heiligen Schrift (Zur hermeneutischen
Problematik der frhchristlichen Bibelauslegung), REAug 42 (1996) 71-95.

14

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De libris Stromatum 6, 15, 124.

De libris Stromatum 5, 4, 24.
26 De libris Stromatum 5, 12, 78.
27 De libris Stromatum 5, 12, 82.
28 M. Fiedrowitz, Theologie der Kirchenvter, Freiburg im Breisgau 2007, 151.
25

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 :
. 13 (2013) 18-35

Aqua et vinum:
( 2:1-12)
II
:* , , ( 12, 15-30)
, [] ( 2:1-12), []
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5, PG 62.387-9]. , :

2.1. []
2:1-12
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1 :
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3,18-4,1 5,22-6,9, 2 (2009), 27-42.
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, (2003), 179-191
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Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

19

, (. 5:32): .
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( 19:34)2
3,

,

4, .
.
..., ad loc. :
[ ] ,
(: , 1989, 34).
2 ,
(. , Rhetorica 1.2.18 [1357b] = E. M. Cope J. E. Sandys, The Rhetoric of Aristotle: With a Commentary I-III, New York: Arno Press 1973, 1.45-47),
, ,
( 12:33; 18:32; 21:19):
= ( 1:17),
[] ( 2:4): , ; !
/, ,
( 24:3,24,30; 2 2:9),
( 4:2; 6:28) (12:1,3; 13:13-14; 19:20),
: . (Bellum Judaicum 1.29 = B. Niese, Flavii
Iosephi opera, Berlin: Weidmann 1895 [1955], TLG): ...
.
3 : , hic et nunc ( 12:38-39; 16:1-4; 23:8;
1 1:22), ( 4:48):
, ! (.
2:18; 4:48; 6:30), , (
12:39; 16:4), : ,
,

: , ,
( : ), =
( :
), , ,
.
4
( 12, 28),
( , , )
, (In Jo. 2, Pusey 1.204 = PG 73.228CD).
, ( 22:2-14; 25:1-13),
(: , Procatechesis 3 [PG 33.333.336B-341A]; Catechesis III 1
[PG 33.428AB]; , In sanctum baptisma 46 [PG 36.425A]). ,
, , , e 9.
De baptismo (PL 1.1210A)
: . , , . .
(), : 2009, 172-176.

20

,
(. . 18),

, () :
, . J
, ; , ,
. , , : [. 6:11], , [, ] , ,
, ,
,
, , .5

( 2) ( 6)


6. , , , , , , : , ; ! (2:4),
= (ante tempus
volente participare compendii poculo)7.
5 , Adversus haereses III 11:5. III ,
, : W. W. Harvey, Adversus haereses:
textu Graeco in locis nonnullis locupletato, versione Latina cum codicibus Claromontano ac Arundeliano
denuo coll., praemissa de placitis gnosticorum prolusione, fragm. necnon Graece, Syriace, Armeniace, commentatione perpetua et indicibus variis, I-II, Cantabrigiae: Typis Academicis 1857, 1.43-44 [: III 11:9]:
Bonum enim et illud quod per conditionem a Deo in vinea factum est, et primo bibitum est vinum. Nemo
enim illud vituperavit ex his qui biberunt; sed et Dominus accepit de eo: melius autem quod per Verbum compendialiter ac simpliciter ex aqua ad usum eorum qui ad nuptias convocati erant, factum est vinum. Quamvis
enim possit Dominus ex nullo subjacente eorum quae sunt conditionis, praebere epulantibus vinum, et esca
complere esurientes, hoc quidem non fecit: accipiens autem eos qui a terra essent panes, et gratias agens,
et iterum aquam faciens vinum, saturavit eos qui recumbebant, et potavit eos qui invitati erant ad nuptias;
ostendens quoniam Deus qui fecit terram, et jussit eam fructus ferre, et constituit aquas, et edidit fontes, hic
et benedictionem escse, et gratiam potus in novissimis temporibus per Filium suum donat humano generi,
incomprehensibilis per comprehensibilem, et invisibilis per visibilem.
6 . Adv. haer. IV 18:4, V 2:2 = : . .
, , 1.58-61.
7 Adv. haer. III 16:7 (Harvey, 2.88): Nihil enim incomtum atque intempestivum apud eum, quomodo
nec incongruens est apud Patrem. Praecognita sunt enim haec omnia a Patre, perficiuntur autem a Filio, sicut
congruum et consequens est, apto tempore. Propter hoc properante Maria ad admirabile vini signum, et ante
tempus volente participare compendii poculo, Dominus repellens ejus intempestivam festinationem, dixit:
Quid mihi et tibi est mulier? nondum venit hora mea; exspectans eam horam quae est a Patre praecognita.
, , (. III 11:9),
, (V 18:2) ex vinea
(III 11:5), ,

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

21

,
, ,
, ( ) ,
: , ,
, ,
=
, 8. , , ( ),
, , [,
] 9.
() , : , ,
, , (cum sacramentum quoque rei illius admonere et instruere nos debeat ut in sacrificiis
Dominicis vinum potius offeramus)10.
, (2:4) (: E. F.
Osborn, Irenaeus of Lyons, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2001, 89, 187). Harvey

compendium compendii poculum,
(2.88, . . 2): The cup, that recapitulates the
suffering of Christ, was manifestly intempestivum before the Passion of our Lord.
8 , Paedagogos II 2 (PG 8.424B):
, , ,
, , ,
, .
, .
9 , Catecheses mystagogicae, IV 2 (PG 33.1098B-1100A):
, , ; ,
;

, ( , 75-76),
, ,
(
, 76-80), .
(Missale gothicum)
(. . . 4!) (PL 72.242AB:
Venerabilem ac primitivum in mirabilibus Ephiphaniae diem, in quo noster Redemptor et Dominus virtutis
suae documenta praetendens, ab annis infantiae paternam protulit potestatem, obsequiorum nostrorum
famulantibus votis, et celebri sollemnitate, fratres carissimi, veneremur, pia obsecratione poscentes ut
qui tunc aquas in vina mutavit, nunc in sanguinem suum oblationum nostrarum vina convertat [
], et qui aliis saturitatem meri potatione concessit, nos potationis suae libamine et Paracliti
Spiritus infusione sanctificet. Per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum Filium suum, qui secum vivit.
10 Ep. 63, 12 (PL 4.383A): Quam vero perversum est quamque contrarium ut, cum Dominus in nuptiis de
aqua vinum fecerit, nos de vino aquam faciamus, cum sacramentum quoque rei illius admonere et instruere nos
debeat ut in sacrificiis Dominicis vinum potius offeramus. ,
,
, ,
: Nam, quia apud Judaeos defecerat gratia spiritalis, defecit et vinum:

22

11 12,
= 13, , , (XII 1-2), :
, .
,
. .
...
, .
. , , ,
.14

, 15,
vinea enim Domini sabaoth domus erat Isral. Christus autem, docens et ostendens gentium populum succedere,
et in locum quem Judaei perdiderant nos postmodum merito fidei pervenire, de aqua vinum fecit, id est, quod ad
nuptias Christi et Ecclesiae, Judaeis cessantibus, plebs magis gentium conflueret et conveniret ostendit.
11 De virginibus,
()
353. ,
, , , (PL
16.231B-232B): Vides quantus ad natalem Sponsi tui populus convenerit, ut nemo impastus recedit? Hic
est qui rogatus ad nuptias aquam in vina convertit. In te quoque sincerum sacramentum conferet virginitatis,
quae prius eras obnoxia vilibus naturae materialis elementis. Hic est qui quinque panibus et duobus piscibus
quatuor millia populi in deserto pavit. Plures potuit, si plures jam tunc qui pascerentur, fuissent. Denique ad
tuas nuptias plures vocavit: sed jam non panis ex hordeo, sed corpus ministratur e coelo.
12 - (Sermones appendicis Maurinorum),
(92:4; PL 39.1924): Quod vinum est, quod
optimum judicatur, quod architriclinus princeps queritur sero prolatum, nisi sanguis Dominicae passionis?
13 (. 11), : In te quoque sincerum sacramentum conferet
virginitatis, quae prius eras obnoxia vilibus naturae materialis elementis, - ,
(. 12), : Aquam in
vinum convertit; humanae fragilitati virtus augetur. ,
, ,
,
(De Meletio, PG 46.860A): ... ,
.
.
14 : . (.), : , . . , 22004, : http://verujem.org/sveti_oci/jefrem_sirijski_tumacenje_12.htm (
13. 4. 2013.); : L. Leloir (. .), Saint Ephrem, Commentaire de lEvangile concordant. Texte syriaque (Manuscrit Chester Beatty 709), Chester Beatty Monographs 8, Dublin 1963, 76-77.
15 ,
(2:3-5) . ( . . R. Bumer L. Scheffczyk, Marienlexikon, Institutum
Marianum Regensburg 1994),
,
, ,

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

23

: 1) , , , ,
, ; 2) ,
, , ; 3) ,
, 16, (
) , , , .

:

, (,
), ,
= , .
, ,
17.
. ,
, , ,
: .
(Hom. Jo. 21:2, PG 59.130),
(Io. 2, PG 73.225B). ,
430. , ,
, , :
( Ad Nestorium I-III PG 77.40C-41D.44C-49A.106C-121D)
( Ad Cyrillum I-II = F. Loofs, Nestoriana. Die Fragmente des Nestorius, Halle:
Niemeyer 1905, 169.173-180) , e
, ,
,
, (Loofs, 177)
( ),
: ; [ 2:1].
(E. Schwartz, Acta conciliorum oecumenicorum 1.1.1, Berlin: De Gruyter 1927, 24)
, (. Ad Nestorium
II, PG 77.109C.112).
16 ,
(: 12, . 29), , .
17 ,
( Edirnekapi). ( = , )
: IV ,

24

, : ,
... , , ,
14. ... : 18,
,
[.1/1; .2/1]
, ( )
( ) [.1/2].
, , 19, [], ,

1:

2:

, , , ... , , = 20.
, ,
[. 1.3]
[. 1.4]21,
.
, , . : A. H. Dursun M. D.
Sheridan, Chora Museum: Official Museum Guide, Tesvikye-Istanbul: BKG 2011, 6. ,
, (. 114:9:
): XIV , ,
( )
( ), : P. A. Underwood, The Kariye Djami.
Volume 1: Historical Introduction and Description of the Mosaics and Frescoes, Bollingen Series 70, New
York: Pantheon Books 1966, 3-8. ,
(Kariye), ,
, - .
18 . , , ..., 2003, 403-413:404.
19 Underwood, Kariye, 39-40.
20 . , , 413.
21 ,
, , .
Curtea de Arge,
, - (: O. Tafrali,
Monuments byzantins de Curtea de Arges, Paris: P. Geuthner 1931, 128 [], pl. LXVIII 1-2 []).

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

25

,
,
,
.
, : ,

() .
()
, [. 2.3; . 4].
1. . () , .
[. 3]: , (2:1-5)22, ,
, ( 2:6-11)
[. 2.3; . 4]; , (
), , : 1) ( 6:41) = ( 6:11) 2) [. 2.4], 3) , 4) 23. : , , ( ), , , = ,
,
(
2); , a , (
), ;
, , 22 , :
,
, / , /, / (Kariye, 1.118).
( ), 2 ,
( ) ,
,
(. 15:23). ,
.
23 , 2 ,
: ,
(Kariye, 1.121).
,
.

26

, , .
2. . :

4:

5:

24, 25,
, ,
, 26. [. 5] 27,
24 - , (. 1:17; 5:9)
, . ,
, (2:3-5) : !
(2:5) .
25 , (2:2,11),
, ,
, (13:23)
(. 21:20-22): ,
(13:24), , (18:15), (19:26,36), ,
(20:4).
()
(), (21): , , , (21:24).
, ,
: =
, ,
, .
26 , (2:8),
(2:9),
(2:10). ,
, , .
, = (In Jo. 2 PG
73.229B), .
27 ,
: , , ,
= , (2:1,5,8).

(2:6), =
(. 1:17; 19:34), (2:5) (2:8-10)
. : ,

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

27

28, a: a (?)
. ,
, , =
, , .

2.2. - 29
, . , XX , 30,
, ,
. , ,
= ,
, .
28 (2:1),
, (2:8)
, , .
, ,
,
. ,
, , ,
(. 22), , :
, , , (2:6), ,
, (, )
, , (. 24:12);
, , , ,
, ,
, (. 2:19-22), , ,
( , 1 2:4-5) .
, , ,
=
: , , ,
, (2:1-12)
(2:13-22) , (4:24)
. , , , ,
: , ,
, () ,
, , ?
, , , ,
, - ( : R. Temple, Icons
and the Mystical Origins of Christianity, Luzac Oriental 2000, 135-43).
29 ,
, -

, ,

. ,
, .
30
, , ,

28

:
(1884-1976)31 (1884-1973)32. , (Religionsgeschichte)
,
- 33,
, a 34. ,
, .
P. Gardner-Smith (1888-1985)
,
, : Where the Fourth Gospel differs
from the Synoptics it may henceforth be wise to treat its testimony with rather more respect than it has lately
received, and perhaps in not a few cases it may prove to be right. Saint John and the Synoptics, Cambridge:
CUP 1938, 97. ,
- ,
. : . Blinzler, Johannes und die Synoptiker, SBS
5, Stuttgart 1965; E. F. Siegman, St. Johns Use of the Synoptic Material, CBQ 30 (1968), 182-198; J. D.
Dvorak, The Relationship between John and the Synoptic Gospels, JETS 41 (1998), 201-213; D. M. Smith,
John among the Gospels, Columbia 22001; M. Labahn M. Lang, Johannes und die Synoptiker, : J. Frey
U. Schnelle (Hg.), Kontexte des Johannesevangeliums, Tbingen: hr 2004, 443-515.
: .
J.A.T. Robinson (1919-1983)
The Priority of John, Oak Park [IL]: Meyer-Stone Books
1987,
Klaus Berger (1940-): Im Anfang war Johannes, Datierung und Theologie des vierten
Evangeliums, Gtersloher Verlagshaus 22003.
31 R. Bultmann, Das Evangelium des Johannes, KEK 2, Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1941, 191968.
32 C. H. Dodd, Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel 1953; Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel 1963.
33 . (die religionsgeschichtliche Schule)
,
: W. Bousset, Kyrios Christos. Geschichte des Christusglaubens von den
Anfngen des Christentums bis Irenus, Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1913,
XX ,
(Urmensch), , ,
W. Bauer-: Das Johannesevangelium, HNT 6, Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck 21925.
34 (1925),
: Die Bedeutung der neuerschlossenen mandischen und manichischen Quellen fr das Verstndnis
des Johannesevangeliums, ZNW 24 (1925), 100-146.
(1868-1928) (M. Lidzbarski [.], Mandische Liturgien, Berlin 1920.),
(1861-1931) (R. Reitzenstein, Die Gttin Psyche in der hellenistischen und frhchristlichen Literatur, SHAW 1917; Das mandische Buch des Herrn der Gre und
die Evangelienberlieferung, SHAW 1919; Iranischer Erlsungsglaube, ZNW 20 [1921], 1-23),
,

(der gnostische Erlsermythos): Die Hauptabsicht der vorausgehenden Ausfhrungen
ist erreicht, wenn deutlich geworden ist, da das JohEv den skizzierten Erlsungsmythos voraussetzt und nur
auf seinem Hintergrund verstndlich ist (Bedeutung, 139). (103-104), ,
(1:1-18),
, (die Lichtfunken)
, ,
der erlste Erlser (104). , ,
, ,

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

29

35, religionsgeschichtlich 36, .

, ,

, 37, : , ,
, 38.

,
, par exellence ,
() ,
39,
= , ,
. ,

40,
. : C. Colpe, Die religionsgeschichtliche Schule: Darstellung und Kritik ihres Bildes vom gnostischen Erlsermythus, Gottingen: Vandenhoeck
& Ruprecht 1961; E. M. Yamauchi, Pre-Christian Gnosticism: A Survey of the Proposed Evidences, Grand
Rapids: Baker 21983.
35 , , J. A. Bhner : Der Weg Jesu im vierten Evangelium
entspricht dem Weg des gnostischen Gesandten, den Bultmann in 27 Stationen zergliedert. Der Gesandte
und sein Weg im 4. Evangelium: die kultur- und religionsgeschichtlichen Grundlagen der johanneischen
Sendungschristologie sowie ihre traditionsgeschichtliche Entwicklung, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1977, 25.
36 , (Johannes, 83): Zweifellos ist die Geschichte aus heidnischer
Legende bernommen und auf Jesus bertragen worden. In der Tat ist das Motiv der Geschichte, die
Verwandlung des Wassers in Wein, ein typisches Motiv der Dionysos-Legende.
37 ,
: C.H. Dodd, The Bible and the Greeks, London: Hodder & Stoughton 1935.
38 Dodd, Gospel, 55. , ,
may have been a parable, in which, as in other parables, the setting was
a wedding feast. Dodd, Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel, Cambridge: CUP 1963, 227.
39 , (1898-1973),
religionsgeschichtlich : H. Odeberg, The Fourth Gospel: Interpreted in Its Relation to
Contemporaneous Religious Currents in Palestine and the Hellenistic-Oriental World, Chicago 1968.
40
, . ,
j-
, , ,
: E. C. Hoskyns [18841937], The Fourth Gospel, London: Faber and Faber 1940, 21947) E. Ksemann [1906-1998], Jesu letzter
Wille nach Johannes 17, Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck 1966. ,
,
,
: , (!) . : E. Ksemann, Ketzer und Zeuge. Zum johanneischen Verfasserproblem, ZThK 48 (1951), 292311.

30

,
, , ,
- .
1968. ,
,
(1925-)41, [Union Theological Seminary]
.
, ( 9:1-41) (. 46-66), (9:22; . 12:42, 16:2):
, .42 43,
44,
45: ,
41

J. L. Martyn, History and Theology in the Fourth Gospel, Nashville: Abingdon 1968, 32003.
()
( 90. . )
II
. (Berakoth 28b),
( ). Birkath ha-Minim () ,
(Amidah Shemoneh Esre), , , ,
,
(Berakoth 28b):
, Birkat ha-Minim
. , , K. L. Carroll Birkath haMinim (The Fourth Gospel and the Exclusion of Christians from the Synagogues, BJRL 40 [1957-58], 19-32),
.
W. Wrede
(Charakter und Tendenz des Johannes-evangeliums, SGV 37, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1903, 30),
, G. Forkman Birkath ha-Minim
, 9:22; 12:42; 16:2 (The Limits of the Religious Community:
Expulsion from the Religious Community within the Qumran Sect, within Rabbinic Judaism, and within Primitive Christianity, CBNTS 5 1972, 90-92), , .
43 , ,
: ,
, (. Sanhedrin 39b). ,
( ?), ( ). : D. Sperber, Min, EJ 263-264.
44 (. 64-66) (17, 108),
(17) (108).
45
, :
,
, (14:12)
, (9:1-5),
42

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

31

, , two-level
46.
, (2003.)
() ,
,
47, , , : 9
, ,
.48 , ,
, , , , , ,
:
1) , , ,
49. , XX , (9:4):
. :
, : On the contrary, his going to the Father
inaugurates a time in which his followers do his works. Indeed, 9:4a leads us to see this continuation of Jesus
works as an activity of the Risen Lord in the deeds of Christian witnesses (History and Theology, 38-39).
,
.
46 : 1) , ,
, , 2) , ,
(9:22), , ,
= , .
: . ,
(. 10:46-52; 9:27-31; 20:29-34; 18:35-43).
47 (1921-2009), a
[Holy Cross] ,
,
, : S. Agourides,
Structure and Theology in the Gospel of John, GOTR 47 (2002), 111-137:118, 124.
48 W. A. Meeks: Breaking Away: Three New Testament Pictures of Christianitys Separation from
the Jewish Communities, : J. Neusner E. S. Frerichs (.), "To See Ourselves as Others See Us":
Christians, Jews, "Others" in Late Antiquity, StH 9 (1985), 93-115:95.
, (1932-) (102):
, I ; ,
; ,
.
P. Schfer, ,
: Die sogannante Synode von Jabne, : , Studien
zur Geschichte und Theologie des Rabbinischen Judentums, AGJU 15, Leiden: Brill 1978, 45-55.
49 , , ,

32

,
, , 50,
. ,
, () two-level
51, a
XX (19021999)52 (1905-1974)53. 54, , (19:38; 20:19), :
Klaus Wengst (1942-) Bedrngte Gemeinde und verherrlichter Christus: der historische Ort des
Johannesevangeliums als Schlussel zu seiner Interpretation (BThST 5, Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag 1981) :
= [ ] , ,
, I ; , Walter
Schmithals (1923-2009), ,
: Johannesevangelium und Johannesbriefe. Forschungsgeschichte und Analyse, BZNW
64, Berlin New York 1992. , ,
: , , Martin Hengel (1926-2009)
Die johanneische Frage: ein Losungsversuch, WUNT 67,
Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1993, Richard Bauckham (1946-)
(sectarian) , The Gospels for All Christians: Rethinking the Gospel Audiences, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1998. ,
A. J. Kostenberger, Encountering John: The Gospel in Historical, Literary,
and Theological Perspective, Grand Rapids [MI]: Baker Books 1999; C. Blomberg, The Historical Reliability of Johns Gospel: Issues & Commentary, Downers Grove [IL]: InterVarsity Press 2002
,
, . ,
, ,
, ,
.
50 , : J. L. Martyn,
Source criticism and Religionsgeschichte in the Fourth Gospel, Perspective 11 (1970), 247-273.
51
. : R.
Bultmann, Theology of the New Testament, London New York 1952, 1.144-151.
52 O. Cullmann, Urchristentum und Gottesdienst, AThANT 3, Basel Zrich 1944-1950 = . Cullmann,
Early Christian Worship, London: SCM Press 1953 = . , , .
. . , : 2010. . :
H. Sahlin, Zur Typologie des Johannesevangeliums, Uppsala: Lundequistska Bokhandeln 1950.
53 J. Danielou, Bible Et Liturgie; La Theologie Biblique Des Sacraments Et Des Fetes Dapres Les Peres
De LEglise, Paris: Editions du Cerf 1951 = , , 2009 (. . 4).
54 [Hans Lietzmann] (1875-1942)
, (: H. Lietzmann, Messe und Herrenmahl. Eine Studie zur Geschichte der Liturgie, Bonn: A. Marcus und E. Webers Verlag 1926),
, : , ,
, ,
(, 8-9); , ,
,
.
( ),

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

33

55
, , , , 56. , , , ,
, , , , , 57.
2) , , ,
- ,
,
,

. ,
( ),
.
55 , (, 39) [ ]:
.
, ...
. ,

. , Danilou (Bible, 208-209 = , 166) [
]: ne of the gains of contemporary exegesis is to have shown how the Gospels are filled with allusions to
the sacraments. As we love to see the Gospels, not only as being historical documents on the life of Christ, but
also as being the expression of the faith and life of the Christian community, they seem to be constructed on
two planes. The realities of the life of Christ in His earthly existence become also figures of His glorious life
in the Church, particularly as this is expressed in her sacramental life. So the allusions to the living water, or
to washings, to the ears of wheat rubbed in the hand, or to the multiplications of the bread, take on baptismal
and Eucharistic echoes... Thus, the Gospel of St. John gives us a symbolism on three levels: the life of Christ is
projected against the background of Exodus, and becomes also the figure of the sacramental life of the Church.
56 , , 66-71; Danilou, Bible, 215-221 = , 172-176. ,
(. 40 . 69-70)
, IV , 63. .
57 ,
,
,
[ ] (1945-)
, : , Lex Orandi. , . . ,
2006, 109-120. ,
(111-116),
, (. . 6:53); ,
, ,
...
(. 116),
(117-119),
(!) . : ..
,
. ,
, ,
.. (115-116).

34

, (
) (1928-1998)58,
-
59:
, (theological
motifs), , ,
60. ,
,

XX , (19142002)61, , 62. ,
:
58 R. E. Brown, The Gospel According to John, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday 1966-1970.
,
,
(John 1.lxxiv-lxxv). ,
, ,

The Community of the Beloved Disciple. The Life, Loves, and Hates of an Individual
Church in New Testament Times, New York: Paulist Press 1979; : The Epistles of John, AB 30,
Garden City, NY: Doubleday 1982.
59 , [Society of Biblical
Literature] 20. 1982. ,
Anchor Bible commentary , , W. F. Albright
(1891-1971) , .
, ,
(1:1). , ,
, (1.xxi-xxii). : T. L. Brodie, The Gospel
According to John. A Literary and Theological Commentary, New York: OUP 1997, 5.
60 , The Johannine sacramentary reconsidered, TS
23 (1962), 183-206, (Sacramentalism, 1.cxi-cxiv),
on no other point of Johannine thought is there such sharp division among scholars as there
is on the question of sacramentalism (1.cxi), (1.109-110): Possibly, another
subordinate theological motif in the Johannine scene is sacramental; our general cautions about Johannine
sacramentality.. would lead us to insist, however, that if there is eucharistic symbolism, it is incidental and
should not be exaggerated.. Such symbolism would be secondary, for the primary meaning of the wine is
clearly Jesus gift of salvation, for which light, water, and food are other Johannine symbols.
61 R. Schnackenburg, Das Johannesevangelium I IV, Freiburg (i. Br.) Basel: Herder 1965-1984.
XVI (1925-),
probably the most prominent Catholic exegete writing in German
during the second half of the twentieth century Jesus of Nazareth. From the Baptism in the Jordan to the
Transfiguration, New York: Doubleday 2007, 11. ,
historical Jesus, , , : Jesus
in the Gospels: A Biblical Christology (Louisville: WJKP 1995), who
today have been made insecure by scientific research and critical discussion, so that they may hold fast to faith
in the person of Jesus Christ as the bringer of salvation and Savior of the world (. x). ,
. -. can be only inadequately achieved (316),
tradition and redaction
history that never comes to rest (318).
62 : Die sakramentale Deutung verengt unntig den Blick, wenn die Sakramente auch als
lebenspendende Mittel von der Gabe Jesu nicht ausgeschlossen sind (I.342). ,
, , o
fhrt notwendig zu einer berfremdung oder Verzerrung des Evangeliums
Das erste Wunder Jesu (Joh. 2, 1-11), Freiburg: Herder 1951, 13-14.

Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12)

35

(1914-2006), 63,
(1917-)64,
(1928-)65,
, (1927-)66.
, , : ,

(1960-)67,
()
- 68, ,
(1948-)69,
,
,
70.
71

63 L. Morris, The Gospel According to John. The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes,
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1971 = L. Morris, Ivan, Novi Sad 1988.
64 Ch. K. Barrett, The Gospel According to Saint John: An Introduction with Commentary and Notes on
the Greek Text, London: S.P.C.K. 1972.
, (:
1. Apol., 54, Trypho, 69), (: Euripides, Bacchae 704-7;
Athanaeus i, 61[34a]; Pausanias vi, xxvi, 1f), (188).
65 U. Wilckens, Das Evangelium nach Johannes, NTD 4, Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1998.
(350 .),
(. 59): Doch die Verwandlung von Wasser in Wein legt es nahe, darin nicht nur die Heilsfulle, die in
der Taufe in Jesu Namen zuteil wird, symbolisiert zu sehen, sondern im Wein zugleich einen Hinweis auf die
eucharistische Mahlfeier zu erkennen, so daB 2,1-11 eng mit Joh 6 zusammenzusehen ist.
66 H. Thyen, Das Johannesevangelium, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 2005.
: (151),
, (Luxuswunder!)
, ( 2:18-21).
67 C. S. Keener, The Gospel of John: A Commentary, I-II, Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson Publishers 2003.

68 , , (1.492-516)

, .
69 M. Theobald, Das Evangelium nach Johannes, RNT 4, Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet 2009.
70 , , , ,
, (200-222).
71 , , , -
, ,
, ,
, .

 :
. 13 (2013) 36-42
.

, .1
, .
.2

*
.
20. .
, , ,
. -
.

20. 21. .

19.
, . 20. , * . 179078 : , , .
1 E. J. Epp, Textual Criticism in the Exegesis of the New Testament, with an Excursus on Canon, : S.
E. Porter (.), A Handbook to the Exegesis of the New Testament, Brill, Boston Leiden 2002, 48.
2 D. Parker, Textual Criticism and Theology, Expository Times 118.12 (2007) 586.

37

, 20. 21.
, . :
1) 20. .
6000.
2) .
. ,

( , ), , , , ,
, - .
3) . ,
.3
(), () . . , ,
, .
.

?

. .
. ? -
.
. . .
.4 (authorial text) (initial text). ,
(. Ausgangstext)
.
continuum ,
,
3 CNTTS
(Center for New Testament Textual Studies).
apparatus criticus.
4 D. C. Parker, The living Text of the Gospels, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997.

38

. , . ,
,
.5 , ,
.6
.
, , ,
, . .
,
(. . 5,1 ,
.

:
[ ] ).
.
. -
. (CoherenceBased Genealogical Method, CBGM). -

,
, . , , . .7 CBGM
Novum Testamentum: Editio Critica Maior (ECM).
5 , Is Living Text Compatible with Initial Text? Editing the Gospel of John, : K. Wachtel M.
W. Holmes (.), The Textual History of the Greek New Testament: Changing Views in Contemporary Research, SBL, Atlanta 2011, 13-21. a single original text (21).
.

, . H. Strutwolf, Original Text
and Textual History, Textual History, 2341: As long as we have no evidence that suggest a radical break
in the textual transmission between the authors text and the initial text of our tradition, the best hypothesis
concerning the original text still remains the reconstructed archetype to which our manuscript tradition and
the evidence of early translations and the citations point.
. ()
200 300 . ,
, , . .
6 . , . :
, : . (.),
. 12, 2012, 32-33.
7 . , CBGM G. Mink,
Contamination, Coherence, and Coincidence in Textual Transmission: The Coherence-Based Genealogical
Method (CBGM) as a Complement and Corrective to Existing Approaches, in: Textual History, 141216.

39

CBGM .
.8
.
CBGM .
ECM , 28. - .

, , . , ,
,
, . ,
.9
. , . ,
, . :
, .10
,
,
. ,
, .
, , , , . ,
,

. ,
, . ., - 28
? - , , ,
. , ? . . ,
, 8 http://www.unimuenster.de/INTF/cbgm_presentation/download.htlm

9 . , . :
, : . (.), .
11, 2012, 34-36.
10 Parker, Textual Criticism, 587: We do not have a text received by the church, but one produced
within the church.

40

.
, , .11 ,
, , , ,
.
.

. , . , ,
, . .

, ,
.
(. 22,4: ,
[ ] [])
(. 1 7,5:
[ ])
[], .
9,29). ,
, . , , . 18,17.
: [ ] []. ,
().
lectio brevior.
, .
. , ,
. , , ,
, .
.
11 I. D. Karavidopoulos, The Ecumenical Patriarchates 1904 New Testament Edition and Future
Perspectives, Sacra Scripta 1 (2012), 12-13.

41

, ,
: 1)
(18,12.14.15.16), . . 17
, , 2) . 17 inclusio . 12, .12
. , ,
.
, ,
.
.

.
. .
. . .13 .
, ,
.

.14 .
. ,
. - 28 . , .
, , .
12 Ch. Karakolis, Alle schlugen Sosthenes, Gallio aber kmmerte sich nicht
darum (Apg 18,17), ZNW 99 (2008), 1.
13 , .
. .
. , The Greek New Testament SBL Edition, 2 (2012) 108-109.
14 The Gospel according to John in the Byzantine Tradition, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart 2007.

42

. -

.
SBL , .

. , ,
. .
.

. .

, ,
,
.

( 13,52).
. .
? , , ? ?

? ,
?

.

 :
. 13 (2013) 43-52

I
*

, ,
,
. , 20. ,
,
,
.
, , lex orandi. , ,
, , , orans , , .

1.
-
1
:
, ... ( 1, 14).
, , ,

* . 179078 : , , .
1 : 1 3, 16.

44

. ,
2. , , , ,

,
. , ,
3, , , , 4. , ,
, . ,
, , , ,
.
,
5,
, 6,
. ,
, , , [] ( 12, 1) ,
, 7, . , , , :
, , , , , , .
, , , ,
( 2, 17),
. , , , , , ,
2 : , , :
, : , 16, 82-83-84 (- 1988), 103.
3 : 9, 11-12.
4 : Mircea Eliade,
Le Sacre et le Profane, Editions Gallimard, Paris 1972.= a , ,
: , , -
2003.
5 : , , PG 44, Parisiis 1863, 73D.
6 : , , : . , , 2005,
22, 94.
7 : 1 6, 19-20.

45

, 8.

(215) , , , 9, , , , [ ]10. , , :
,
;
( 1, 11),
. ,
, , ,
, , . , ,
, orans .

2. orans
, , orans , () ( , elevatio
manuum).11 , , . ,
,
.
(8. ),
(384-322. ) (), , , 12. , ,
13.
8

: . , , . , 101.
, , VII, 7, PG 9, Parisiis 1857, 460B.
10 . , . , 469B.
11 , ,
manuum sublatio. :
, ,
, , , 1965, 309. ,
, ()
. :
, . , 296-297. ,
- . : ,
: , . , . , 1908, 34.
12 : Steven Craig Gilchrist, The orans posture in early Christianity: A study of the body in worship,
An Abstract of A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Emory University in partial
fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Theological Studies/
Division of Religion, UMI Order Number 9224398, Druid Hills (Atlanta, Georgia) 1992, 36.
13 : S. C. Gilchrist, The orans posture in early Christianity: A study of the body in worship, .
, 37-43.
9

46

, ,
, 14. ,
, , () ( 966. )15. ,
, , , 16,
: ,
, (1 8,
54). ,
, , . , , 17, , , ,
18 (). , 140. , : , ; . , , ,
, , , : , ; , ; ( 1, 15).

,
, . , , ,
19, , ,
. , 20, , ,
, . , , , 14

: 2 17, 11-12.
: 1 8, 22.
16 : 1 8, 38.
17 : 87, 10.
18 : 133, 2.
19 : 11, 25-26. ,
( 18, 9-14), , , ( 6,
12-13; 11, 4).
20 : 6, 5.
15

47

, ()
, , , : ,
, ! ( 23, 34).
orans locus classicus , : , ,
, (1 2, 8).
, , , . , , , ,
21, , ,
, , 22 (),
.
,
, , .23
,
, , (260339/340)24, , , () (330-360/370), . , ,
, : ,
... ...25, () : , , ,
, ...26 ,
,
, , ,
: 27 (; , ),
21

: Quinti Septimii Florentis Tertulliani, Liber de oratione, Caput XIV, PL 1, Parisiis 1878, 1273A.
: Q. S. F. Tertulliani, De baptismo adversus Quintillam liber, Caput XX, PL 1, Parisiis 1878,
1332C-1333A.
23 : Oranten, : Lexikon fr Theologie und Kirche, Zweite Neubearbeitete Auflage Des Kirchlichen Handlexikons, In Verbindung mit Fachgelehrten und mit Dr. Konrad
Hofmann als Schriftleiter herausgegeben von Dr. Michael Buchberger Bischof von Regensburg, Siebter Band
(VII), Mauretanien bis Patrologie, Herder & Co.G.M.B.H. Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau
1935, 742-743; Orans, : The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Prepared at Dumbarton Oaks, Volume 3,
Oxford University Press, New York-Oxford 1991, 1531.
24 : , , , , PG 20, Parisiis
1857, 877AB.
25 (19), : , . The Sacramentary of Serapion, :
----, 56, , 1993, 441.
26 (28), : . , . The Sacramentary of Serapion, . , 442.
27 , , , 3,
1977, 44.
22

48

, ,
, , ,
28.
, (347-407),
, , , ,
, 29. ,
, , ,
, , , 30.
,
, , ,
, 31 (350-428).
,
,
, ,
, orans .
, 9. , 32, , 33,

34. ,
28

: . , , . , 18.
: , , , PG 62,
Parisiis 1862, 204.
30 , , , PG 62, .
, 575.
31 : Les homelies catechetiques de Theodore de Mopsueste, Citta del Vaticano 1949. = Teodor Mopsuestijski, Katehetske homilije, predgovor, uvod i prijevod: Tomislav Zdenko Tenek OFMCap, Kranska
sadanjost, Zagreb 2004, 104. 119-120. ,
, ,
, (:
, . , 5, 309). ,
,
,
(: , : . ,
, 1993, 12).
, , , , 4. . : . ,
. - ,
, 2012,
75-76, 27-29; 104, 40-41; 165, 63.
32 : Responsa Nicolai Papae I. ad consulta Bulgarorum, LIV, : Joannes Dominicus Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum Nova et Aplissima Collectio, Tomus Decimus Quintus, Venetiis MDCCLXX (1770) ,
420. ,
(: ,
. , 309).
33 : Responsa Nicolai Papae I. ad consulta Bulgarorum, LIV, . , 420.
34 , , :
; ,
(. ); , :
. (:
, . , 309).
29

49

, ( ),
, , , 35 (373), , 36. , , , , , : ,
, .37 , , , ,
, , , , ...38

3.
, , o- , .
, , .39 ,
, , : ,
, ,
,
. ,
, ( , ...),
.
35
, , . ,
, ,
,
. , ,
.
36 : , , 1997, . .
(:
, . , 309).
37 : , 4., . (
XLIV), , 1935, 10-11.
38 , 4., . , 12. , ,
1667., , ,

, , ,
. : . . , ,
( . . ), I. , 1918,
1, 291.
39 : , : , 11 , , 1967, 411-414; Kreuz, : Lexikon fr Theologie und Kirche, Zweite Neubearbeitete Auflage
Des Kirchlichen Handlexikons, In Verbindung mit Fachgelehrten und mit Dr. Konrad Hofmann als Schriftleiter herausgegeben von Dr. Michael Buchberger Bischof von Regensburg, Sechster Band (VI), Kirejewski bis Maura, Herder & Co.G.M.B.H. Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau 1934, 242-254; . .
, , . , 270-288.

50

40, . , ,
,
, , ,41 ,
42, .
, , .
, , , , : ,
, ,
( 3, 14-15). , : , , ; ( 8, 28). ,
, , ,
, ,
, .
, , , .

. ,
, 43,
, 44,
( 7, 3),
, , ,
( ).

, , 45. ,
,
,
, (crucis religiosi, cruciolae).46 , () , , , :
40

: 9, 4.
: 3, 1-15, () (LXX)
(=), , -, 2004, 23-26.
42 : 4 21, 4-9.
43 : 2 1, 22; 1, 13.
44 : 13, 13.
45 : 1 1, 22-26.
46 : . . , . , 264.
41

51

() (),
, ; , (), , () (); , 47.
, ,
,
.48 , , , : , ,
( 4. ).49 , , , , , , , , () , , ,
, [ ] []50. (329-379), , .51 , , ,
, , , () 52,
, .
47 Q. S. F. Tertulliani, Liber de corona, Caput III, PL 2, Parisiis 1878, 99AB.
, , , . :
, . , 28;
, . , 299.
48 : . . , . - , . , 17; 82, 34; , , 14; , 36, : , : .
(), 2009, 72. 205; T. Mopsuestijski, . , 128; Sancti Aurelii Augustini, De
catechizandis rudibus, Caput XX, 34; Caput XXVI, 50, PL 40, Parisiis 1845, 335. 344. : Jean Danielou, S.J., Bible et Liturgie, La theologie biblique
des Sacrements et des fetes d aprs les Peres de l Eglise, Paris 1951= , , : (), 2009, 47-58.
49 , , XII, 4; : Didascalia et Constitutiones
Apostolorum, edidit Franciscus Xaverius Funk, Volumen I, Paderbornae in Libraria Ferninandi Schoeningh
MDCCCCV (1905), 496. ,
, .
50 , , , PG 58, Parisiis 1862, 537. . , 4,
. :
, . , 299.
51 : 91/ ( , , 27. ), : ,
, 2005, 500.
52 : , , ,
PG 58, . , 771.

52

53 , , , 54.
, ,
55, , , IV (847-855) :
() ()
(), , ; ,
, [] ; ,
[] 56.

,
, , .57 , ,
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86

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) , [ 1950: 11; , , 1993: 71; , , , 2004: 108]; bog, boginja [Halilovi
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.
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Bog: Boiji BC; :
On, Njega, Ga, Mu [Halilovi 1996: 17]; .:
[ 1997: 760]; [, , , , 1993: 103] (: ); : , [ 2006: 25]. , .

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Otkupitelj, Mesija [Babi, Ham, Mogu 2005: 33]; Milostivi, Samilosni, Vladar [Halilovi
1996: 17]. . . .
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92

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kako, do Boga, ne daj Boe [Halilovi 1996: 18]; . : , , ; . , [ 1997: 760]. .
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1993: 103; , . , 2010; 57]; )
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93

[, , 1993: 52] ( ), [, , 2001: 17; , , , 2010: 58]; Blaena Djeva Marija BC [Babi, Ham, Mogu
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136

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138

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,

.

Dragan Novakovi
Resolving Religious Issues During World War I
Abstract: Resolving complex religious issues during World War I has been presented and
their direct connection with the agreement of the South Slavs on establishing a common state
has been pointed out. The standpoint of the Vatican, whose supporting the survival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire openly expressed opposition to renewal of Serbian statehood and dismissed any possibility of creating a common state consisting of the nations who were deemed
to be to characterized by irreconcilable cultural, religious and other differences, has also been
considered. There has also been indicated the essentially permissive attitude of the Serbian
leadership, who, by accepting the abolition of the state status of their own church and opting
for the principle of religious equality, were making constant concessions to the representatives
of the Yugoslav Committee who were systematically promoting the interests of people of the
Catholic faith.
Key words: religious issues, World War I, Vatican, Yugoslav Committee, Corfu Declaration.

 :
. 13 (2013) 139-143
.

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1700

1.
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(. Lactantius, Liber de mortibus persecutorum XLVIII, PL 7, 267).
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Bckenfrde, Die Entstehung des Staates als Vorgang der Skularisation, in: Skularisation und Utopie, Ebracher Studien, Ernst Forsthoff zum 65. Geburtstag, Stuttgart 1967, 75-94 = E.-W. Bckenfrde, Staat, Gesellschaft, Freiheit: Studien zur Staatstheorie und zum Verfassungsrecht, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 1976, 42-64, 60).

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 :
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1 (2007) 13 (2013)
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(ISSN 14527804), . .
. 1, ( , 26. 2006) 2007, 1224.
. 2, ( , 24. 25. 2007) 2007, 1320.
. 3, ( , 28. 2007) 2008, 1220.
. 4, ( , 30. 2008) 2009, 1145.
. 5, ( , 26. 2008) 2010, 1187.
. 6, ( , 29. 2009) 2010, 1172.
. 7, ( , 25. 2009) 2010, 1116.
. 8, ( , 28. 2010) 2010, 1102.
. 9, ( , 16. 2010) 2011, 1288.
. 10, ( , 27. 28. 2011) 2011, 1360.
. 11, ( , 23. 2011) 2012, 1200.
. 12, ( , 25. 2012) 2012, 1215.
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152

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Les Prires sur le lac de Mgr Nicolas
Velimirovi: une rponse Nietzsche 2:4142


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ISSN 1452-7804 =
COBISS.SR-ID 137632780