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Termodinamika (4.poglavlje Kombinovani Problemi)
Termodinamika (4.poglavlje Kombinovani Problemi)
strana 1
Dv
Gf
I3P
a)
prvi zakon termodinamike za proces u zatvorenom termodinami~kom
XU23>V2!!V3
sistemu:
R23!>!V23!,!XU23
V2 = n x d x Ux + nDv d Dv UDv + nGf d Gf UGf
V2 = 211 5/29 3:4 + 51 1/49 469 + 31 1/57 454 >242182/3!lK
V 3 = n x d x U + + nDv d Dv U + + nGf d Gf U +
XU23
2317/5
=
>3121/78!t
711 21 4
X U23
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 2
b)
TTJ!>!TSU!,!TP!>///!>5/58!
lK
L
TSU!>!Tx!,!TDv!,!TGf!>///>9/58!!3/85!!2/37!!>!5/58!
U+
T x = n x
lK
L
d x eU
U+
3::
lK
= n x d x mo
= 211 5/29 mo
>9/58!
L
U
Ux
3:4
Ux
U+
T Dv = nDv
d Dv eU
U+
3::
lK
>3/85!
= nDv d Dv mo
= 51 1/49 mo
U
UDv
469
L
d Gf eU
U+
3::
lK
>2/37!
= nGf d Gf mo
= 31 1/57 mo
L
U
UGf
454
UDv
U+
T Gf = nGf
UGf
(R23 )C
(R23 )p
(R23 )U
US
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 3
1/498 + 1/76: 21 5 U eU
UC
US3 UC3
)2*
(R23 )U >
D U eU > D U (US UU )
)3*
UU
)4*
uslov zadatka:
)5*
(R23 )U >5736!K-
(R23 )C >5736!K-
(R23 )p >354!K
b)
K
L
K
TSU!>!TU!,!TC!>!///>!26/96!!25/77!>!2/2:!
L
TTJ!>!TSU!,!TP!>!///>!2/2:!,!1/97!>!3/16!
US
T U =
U
D(U ) eU
3:4/8
K
>26/96!
= D U mo S = 2/36 mo
L
U
UU
3:1
UU
US
TC = nC
d(U ) eU
= nC
U
UC
US
(1/498 + 1/76: 21 U ) eU =
.5
UC
U
K
n 1/498 mo S + 1/76: 215 (US UC ) = /// = 25/77
UC
L
(R23 )p
354
K
T P =
=
>1/97!
L
UP
394
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 4
meteor x>21!ln0t
ledeni breg
a)
prvi zakon termodinamike za proces koji se de{ava sa meteorom:
R23!>!V23!,!X23!,!Fl23
(21 21 )
4 3
x33 x23
3
b)
Ttjtufn = Tnfufps + Tmfe >///>2:/286!,2:22/466>29:9/29!
Tnfufps = nn dn mo
Tmfe =
lK
L
384
Un3
lK
> 21 1/9 mo
>!2:/286!
4111
Un2
L
c)
R23 = nm sm
nm =
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 5
V2!>!V3
V2 = n x d x Ux + n d U + nl d wL UL
V 3 = n x d x U + + n d U + + nl d wL U +
U+ =
n x d x Ux + n d U + nl d wL UL
>///
n x d x + n d + nl d wL
U+ =
napomena:
!
U+!
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 6
b)
jedna~ina stawa idealnog gasa za kiseonik u boci u trenutku uspostavqawa
toplotne ravnote`e: q2 Wl = nl S hl U2
q2 =
nl S hL U2
W
>22/96!NQb
qp
U
Xnby = nL dlw (U2 UP ) + UP dq mo P Sh mo L + qLp (w2 w p ) = 761 lK
q2
U2
w2 =
wp =
S hl U2
q2
S hl Up
q lp
371 397/7
22/96 21 7
371 3:4
1/132 21 7
>!1/1174!!
n4
lh
>!4/7387!!
n4
lh
napomena:
U delu zadatka pod b) radi lak{e preglednosti veli~ine stawa kiseonika u
boci u trenutku uspostavqawa toplotne ravnote`e obele`ene su indeksom!2
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 7
5/6/!Radna materija u zatvorenom sistemu vr{i neki proces pri ~emu joj se u svakoj sekundi dovodi! R >4
X 12
= 3/5
[lX]
[i]
){b!!1! < 2 i *
X 23
>,3/5
[lX]
){b!!!?!2!i*
! X- [lX ]
-! [i]
2
a)
X12 =
X () e =
X () e = 3/5
1
3
X23 =
3/5 e = 3/5
3
3
= 2/3 lXi
= 3/5 lXi
Xp3!>!X12!,!X23!>!4/7!lXi!>!23:71!lK
3
R 13 =
V13>!R13!!X13!>!9751!lK
{fmlp@fvofu/zv
strana 8
)2*
e(q w ) = q ew + w eq )3*
diferencijal proizvoda:
eq
q
eq
e B U + C U + D U3 + E = B U
q
e C U + D U 3 + E + e(B U ) = B U
B +C
U 3D
q
mo
+
(U U2 ) = mo
B
U2
B
q2
B + C + 3D U eU eq
=
q
B
U
q = q2 f
B +C U 3D
mo + (U U2 )
B
U2 B
q = 1/2 21 7 f
q = 1/2 21
3:8 + 7:8
U 31/196
mo
+
(U 511 )
3:8
511
3:8
f
3:8 + 7:8
U 31/196
mo
+
(U 511 )
3:8
511
3:8
b)
ako u izvedenu jedna~inu stavimo!U>U3>2451!K, kao i vrednosti za navedene
konstante!)B-!C!j!D*!dobija se:
q 3 = 1/2 21 7 f
{fmlp@fvofu/zv