Performance requirements for UWC

Workability & self compaction

Cohesion against washout, segregation & laitance

formation
Low bleeding
Low heat of hydration
Controlled set time
Compressive strength
Adequate bond

Problems faced
Segregation of fine aggregates from coarse aggregates
Water pollution
Increased w/c ratio
washout

Types of Materials
used :
Cement
Coarse Aggregates
Fine Aggregates
Admixtures

CEMENT :
Types of cements used in UNDERWATER
CONCRETING :
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
Sulphate Resisting -Portland Cement ( SRPC )
Low Heat - Portland Cement ( LHPC )

AGGREGATES :
Coarse Aggregates :

The coarse aggregate for intruded in

concrete shall conform to the following
gradation:
Maximum Size - 1.5-2 inch (100% shall

pass a 75 mm sieve )
Minimum Size - material passing a 19
mm sieve shall not exceed 5% by mass of
the coarse aggregate.

Fine Aggregates :
The sand for the intruded grout shall be
well graded, preferably of round grains
and shall conform to the following
gradation:

Passing
Passing
Passing
Passing
Passing

1.18 mm sieve
600 um sieve
300 um sieve
150 um sieve
75 um sieve

95 60 20 15 0-

100%
85%
45%
30%
10%

Use of Different
Admixtures
Anti-washout admixtures
Hydrocem
Mellose
Rheomac uw-450
Viscosity modified admixtures
Naphthalene Formaldehyde
Sulfonated Melamine Formaldehyde

PLACEMENT TECHNICS
TRIMIE METHOD

commonly used method

consist of a trimie pipe and trimie bucket
Tremie concrete may also be deposited by
means of a bottom dump tremie bucket
equipped with a closing top
Tremie concrete shall attain a minimum
strength of 28.0 MPa at 28 d, using a slump of
150 to 200 mm.

 a trimie is a water tight pipe

generally 250mm in dia
funnel shaped hopper at its upper end and a

loose plug at the bottom

It is supported on a working platform above

water level

Can be used to funnel concrete down

through the water into the structure

Discharge end always has to be buried in
fresh concrete to ensure seal between
water and concrete mass.

Use of Tremie Method

Divers Using Tremie

Concreting