Chapter 4- Simultaneous Equations

Additional Mathematics Module Form 4

SMK Agama Arau, Perlis

CHAPTER 4- SIMULATANEOUS EQUATIONS

4.1 INTRODUCTION
1. In Form Three, we have learned about to solve simultaneous equations between two linear equations
with two unknowns.
2. In Form Four, we will learn about to solve simultaneous equations between linear equation and nonlinear equation which is quadratic equation with two unknowns.
4.2 SOLVING SIMULTANOUS EQUATIONS
Example 1 :
Given x y = 6 and x 2 7 x + 10 = y . Solve the equation.
Solution:

x y =6
y = x6

x 2 7 x + 10 = y
Substitute

into

x 2 7 x + 10 = x 6
x 2 8 x + 16 = 0
( x 4)( x 4) = 0
x=4
Substitute x = 4 into

y = 46
y = 2

Example 2:
The straight line y = 6 2 x intersects the curve y 2 + xy 8 = 0 at points A and B. Find the
coordinates of points A and B.
Solution:

y = 6 2x
y 2 + xy 8 = 0

1
2

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Additional Mathematics Module Form 4

SMK Agama Arau, Perlis

Chapter 4- Simultaneous Equations

Substitute

into

(6 2 x ) + x (6 2 x ) 8 = 0
4 x 2 24 x + 36 + 6 x 2 x 2 8 = 0
2 x 2 18 x + 28 = 0

simplify

x 2 9 x + 14 = 0
( x 7)( x 2) = 0
x = 7 or x = 2
Substitute x = 7 , x = 2 into

(i) x = 7

y = 6 2(7)
y = 8

(7,-8)

(ii) x = 2

y = 6 2(2)
y=2

(2, 2)

The coordinates of point A and point B are (2, 2) and (7,-8)

Example 3:
Given A (-2h, 5k) is the solution to the simultaneous equations x 2 + y 2 = 5 and x + 2 y = 3 , find the
values of h and k.
Solution:
Method 1
From the coordinate (-2h, 5k),-2h is the value for x and 5k is the value for y. Hence change the terms x
and y with -2h and 5k respectively.

(2h) 2 + (5k ) 2 = 5
4h 2 + 25k 2 = 5
(2h) + 2(5k ) = 3
10k 2h = 3
10k 3
h=
2
Substitute

into

10k 3 2
4(
) + 25k 2 = 5
2

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Additional Mathematics Module Form 4

SMK Agama Arau, Perlis

Chapter 4- Simultaneous Equations

100k 2 60k + 9
4(
) + 25k 2 = 5
4
simplify
2

100k 60k + 9 + 25k = 5

125k 2 60k + 4 = 0
(25k 2)(5k 2) = 0
25k 2 = 0 or 5k 2 = 0
2
2
k=
or k =
25
5
Substitute k =

2
2
, k = into
25
5

2
25
2
10( ) 3
25
h=
2
1
h = 1
10

(i) k =

2
5
2
10( ) 3
5
h=
2
1
h=
2

(ii) k =

Method 2

x2 + y2 = 5
x + 2y = 3
x = 3 2y
Substitute
2

into

(3 2 y ) + y = 5
4 y 2 12 y + 9 + y 2 = 5
5 y 2 12 y + 4 = 0
(5 y 2)( y 2) = 0
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Additional Mathematics Module Form 4

SMK Agama Arau, Perlis

Chapter 4- Simultaneous Equations

5 y 2 = 0 or y 2 = 0
2
or y = 2
5
2
Substitute y = , y = 2 into
5
2
(i) y =
5
2
x = 3 2( )
5
1
x=2
5
y=

(ii) y = 2

x = 3 2(2)
x = 1
From the coordinate (-2h, 5k),-2h is the value for x and 5k is the value for y.
Compare the actual
value of x with the given

Hence,
(i) 2h = 2

h = 1

1
5

2h = 1

1
10

h=

2
5
2
k=
25

(ii) 5k =

1
2

5k = 2
k=

2
5

Example 4:
Find the range of values of m so that the straight line y = 2mx 7 intersects the curve y = x 2 + 2 at
two different points.
Solution:

y = 2mx 7
y = x2 + 2

1
2

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Additional Mathematics Module Form 4

SMK Agama Arau, Perlis

Chapter 4- Simultaneous Equations

Substitute

into

2mx 7 = x + 2
x 2 2mx + 9 = 0
If

and

intersect at two points,

b 4ac > 0
(2m) 2 4a(1)(9) > 0
4m 2 36 > 0
m2 9 > 0
Let

m2 9 = 0
m2 = 9
m = 3
y

-3

If m 2 9 > 0 , the range of values of m is m < 3 , m > 3 .

CHAPTER REVIEW EXERCISE

1. Solve the following simultaneous equations:
(a) x + y = 12 and y 2 = 8 x + 9

(b) 3 p + q = 11 and ( p + 1)(q + 2) = 2

2. Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the straight line 2 y = 10 x and the curve

2y2 + x = 7y .
3. The sum of two numbers is 7 and the sum of the square of two numbers is 29. Find the two numbers.
4. Given that (2, 1) is one of the solutions of the simultaneous equations 2 x + py = 4 and

x 2 + ky + 2 x = 11 , where p and k are constants, find the value of p and of k and the other solution.
5. Solve the simultaneous equations 2 x y = 5 and y = x 2 6 x + 11 .
6. Solve the equation 2 x + 3 y = 12 x 2 + 6 xy = 1 .

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