daTo yandaSvili

sakuTari `me~-s srulqmna gangebis mier gansazRvruli

gamovlinebis diapazonSi

daTo yandaSvili

sakuTari `me~-s srulqmna

gangebis mier gansazRvruli
gamovlinebis diapazonSi

wigni

IV

daTo yandaSvili

sakuTari `me~-s srulqmna

gangebis mier gansazRvruli
gamovlinebis diapazonSi

wigni IV

gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi 2009

 d. yandaSvili, 2009
gamomcemloba `universali~, 2009
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19,
: 22 36 09, 8(99) 17 22 30
Email: universal@internet.ge

ISBN 978-9941-12-735-9
2

es wigni awyobili iqneba erTaderT principze, romelic

ori nawiliT iqneba warmodgenili.
1. mamakacuri sawyisisTvis srulyofilebis miRweva sakuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis sazRvrebSi.
2. qaluri sawyisisTvis gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceva.
saerTo gansazRvreba maTi anu erTiani principisa ki iqneba:
koncentrireba sakuTarze ufro maRal eTikur-esTetikur doneze da mis saukeTeso, umaRles, individualur warmomadgenlebze, romlebmac ukve miaRwies srulqmnas da romelTa inerciis xazic mTeli samyaros ukeTesad gardaqmnis
mcdelobisaken, amaRlebisaken aris mimarTuli.
es wigni iqneba absoluturi, EWeSmariti siyvarulis damkvidrebis saSualeba `me~-Si. anu is iqneba saSualeba SiSis
SegrZnebis absoluturad, srulad amoZirkvisa WeSmariti
`me~-dan. SiSi aris SegrZneba, romelic Caisaxa arasworad
SEefasebul SEexedulebaTa sakuTar rwmenad (sakuTari moqmedebis saxelmZRvanelod) miRebis Sedegad sakuTAar `me~-Si. is
vlindeba maSin, rodesac am arasworad Sefasebulobis Cems
organul nawilad aRqmulobis aranairi saxiT ar gadaxedvisa
da upirobod misi aseTad SenarCunebis survili xdeba Cemi
TviTrealizaciis interesis sagani.
imisaTvis, rom srulad aRmoifxvras SiSis SegrZneba Cems
`me~-Si saWiroa da aucilebelia Cemi `me~-s mier arasworad
Sefasebuli Sexedulebebis raimenairi nebismieri (Segnebuli
anu nebelobiTi, Tu Seugnebeli anu uneburi) arsebuli formis araTu SenarCunebaze vizruno, piriqiT maT aRmofxvraze
viyo koncentrirebuli. amis realurad realizirebisaTvis
ki am Sexedulebebis mqoneTa warmomadgenlebTan (maT matarebel aqtiur Tu pasiur individebTan) sruliad unda gavwyvito cnobieri urTierTobebi, sulieri kontaqti da mxolod im yofiTi urTierTobebiT, materialuri kontaqtiT Semovifarglo, rasac Cems `me~-Si jer kidev arsebuli araswori Sexedulebebis SesaBBbamis situaciebs Semiqmnis gangeba.
3

amis Sedegad Cems `me~-Si arsebul potenciur energias miecema unari am jer kidev arsebul araswor SeExedulebaTa aRmofxvrisa da maT nacvlad maTi Sesabamisi swori, marTebuli
Sexedulebebis sakuTar rwmenad miRebisa. es Canacvlebis
procesi gastans iqamde, vidre SevZleb davicva es principi
da am principis ase miyolis SEeMmTxvevaSi sruliad SesaZlebelia arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa mTlianad, srulad
aRmofxvra anu srulyofilebis miRweva Cemi `me~-s gamovlinebis mTels diapazonSi, romelic zedmiwevniT gansazRvrulia upirovno gangebis mier.
d. yandaSvili

mamakacuri sawyisis sami ukiduresoba:

I. mTeli arsebuli negatiurobis pozotiurobad gardaqmnis mcdelobebi. es iwvevs energiis ukmarisobas Warbad xarjvis gamo da uzarmazar sqesobiv ltolvas kerpTayvanismcemeli anu monuri bunebis mqone qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, raTa maTgan aiRos maTSi Cagrovili
(Tumc arasaxarbielo xarisxis) energia.
II. mTeli arsebuli pozitiurobis negatiurobad gardaqmnis mcdelobebi. is amas sikeTed (WeSmaritad saWirod sakeTeblad) aRiqvams Tavadve iluziaSi yofnis gamo. iwvevs energiis Cagrovebis arasrulad xarjvis gamo da uzarmazar sqesobriv ltolvas TviTgakerpebuli anu satanuri bunebis
mqone qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, raTAa
daicalos TAavisSi Cagrovili, ar gamoyenebuli energiisagan.
III. negatiurobis pozitiurobad gardaqmna im xarisxiTa
da im raodenobiT, rac mimdinare obieqturi realobisTvis,
awmyosTvis aris saWiro da aucilebeli. iwvevs energiis arc
ukmarobas da arc Cagrovebas da uzarmazar sqesobriv
ltolvas damoukidebeli, cxovelmyofeli bunebis mqone qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTYan mimarTebaSi, raTa SeZlos
sakuTari azrTawyobis funqcionaluri realizacia da ar
4

moxdes TAavisSi energiis naklebobisa da siWarbis precendentis daSveba (gawonasworebul iqnas).

III kategoriaSi moxvedrisa da iqedan ara gadavardnis saSualeba da garanti I da II kategoriaSi mamakacuri sawyisis
warmomadgenlebisaTvis mama RemrTis, samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebis mimarT erTgulebis gamomuSaveba da dacvaa TavisSi. sxva veranairi saSualeba ver daexmareba maT amis miRwevaSi. es iqneba misi urTierToba RvTisnierebis umaRlesi donis
warmomadgenelTan, rac masSi RvTisnieri bunebis ganviTarebaSi gadaizarda. xolo cxovelmyofeli qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan maTi Sexvedra ukve amis Sedegad moxdeba.

qaluri sawyisis sami ukiduresoba:

I. mTeli arsebuli negatiurobis pozotiurobad miRebis
mcdelobebi. es iwvevs energiis Cagrovebas misi saerTod ar
gamoyenebis gamo da uzarmazar sqesobiv ltolvas TviTgakerpebuli anu demonuri bunebis mqone mamakacuri sawyisis
warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, raTa rogorme gadayaros
TAavisSi Cagrovili energia, romelic Sinagan diskomforts
uqmnis.
II. mTeli arsebuli negatiurobis pozitiurobad gardaqmnis mcdelobebi. es iwvevs energiis ukmarisobas misi moTxovnilebis dakmayofilebis kvaldakval (mudmivad xarjvis
gamo) da iwvevs uzarmazar sqesobriv ltolvas kerpTayvanismcemeli anu satanuri bunebis mqone mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, raTAa rogorme aRidginos aramiznobrivad daxarjuli energia.
III. mTeli arsebuli pozitiurobis pozitiurobad miRebis, xolo negatiurobasTan urTierTobis ar qonis mcdelobebi. es iwvevs energiis arc Cagrovebas da arc ukmarobas da
uzarmazar sqesobriv ltolvas Tavisufali anu RvTisnieri
bunebis mqone mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, raTa Semdgomac ar moxdes masSi energiis zedmetad
Cagroveba an energis ukmarisoba.
5

III kategoriaSi moxvedrisa da iqidan ar gadavardnis saSualeba da garanti I da II kategoriaSi qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlebisaTvis suliwmidis, samyaros uwmindesi pirovnebis mimarT erTgulebis gamomuSaveba da dacvaa TavisSi. sxva
veranairi saSualeba ver daexmareba maT amis miRwevaSi. es iqneba misi urTierToba cxovelmyofelobis umaRlesi donis
warmomadgenelTan, rac masSi cxovelmyofeli bunebis ganviTarebaSi gadaizrdeba, xolo RvTiuri bunebis mqone mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlebTan misi Sexvedra ukve amis Sedegad moxdeba.

sarCevi
SEesavali ....................................................................................... 9

I nawili ....................................................................................... 15
I Tavi. ananda .................................................................................. 24
warmarTuloba da sulieri gandegiloba .................... 27
religia da sarwmunoeba ................................................... 30
yofiTkmaroba da TviTkmaroba....................................... 33
I Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera ............................. 37
II TAavi. vijnana............................................................................... 39
angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofa da
qvelmoqmedeba........................................................... 40
kerpTayvanismcemloba da kultura ............................. 44
TviTgakerpeba da mecniereba ......................................... 48
II Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera ............................ 52
III TaAvi. mano.................................................................................... 54
materialuri sqesobrivi urTierToba
da sulieri sqesobrivi urTierToba............................ 55
garegani wesrigi da funqcionaluri
religiuroba ............................................................. 59
garegani qaosi da Sinagani Semecneba ............................ 63
III Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera ........................... 66
IV TAavi. prana.................................................................................. 69
materialuri msxverplSewirva da sulieri
msxverplSewirva....................................................... 70
zemoqmedeba (sakuTar `me~-ze) da
Semoqmedeba (sakuTar `me~-Si) ............................... 74
garemoze zemoqmedeba da garemos Secnoba................. 77
IV Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera........................... 81
V Tavi. anna .................................................................................... 83
materialuri sakvebi da sulieri sakvebi.................... 84
azrovneba da Sinagani wesrigi ........................................ 87
gemovneba da Sinagani qaosi.............................................. 91
UI nawilis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera......................... 96

II nawili ....................................................................................... 97
nebismieri urTierToba (kontaqti), rogorc sqesobrivi urTierTobebis gamovlinebis raoba ...... 97
7

aTi mcneba ....................................................................................... 102

I Tavi. paramanna............................................................................ 113
sulieri gandegiloba da sulieri sakvebiT kveba .... 114
sarwmuno(vn)eba da mosmena (nebayofilobiToba) ...... 117
TviTkmaroba da gaziareba (TviTkmari myudroeba) .. 121
II TAavi. paramprana........................................................................ 125
qvelmoqmedeba da sulieri nawilis dacva .................. 125
kultura da netareba (zomieri
Tanamimdevruloba) ................................................. 129
mecniereba da ganaTleba (araZaldoba)........................ 133
III TaAvi. paramaananda................................................................... 138
asketizmi da keTilSobileba .......................................... 139
funqcionaluri religiuroba da rwmena
(gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad
gadaqceva)................................................................... 142
Sinagani Semecneba da ndoba (srulyofilebis
miRweva sakuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis
sazRvrebSi) ................................................................ 146
IV TAavi. paramvijnana .................................................................. 151
msxverplSewirva da sulieri nawilis
uzrunvelyofa .................................................................... 151
Semoqmedeba da civilizireba (morCili
Tayvaniscemis aRiarebisa da didebis
miRweva) ....................................................................... 156
garemos Secnoba da evolucireba (srulyofilebisken swrafviT srulyofilebisken
mimarTva)..................................................................... 160
VTavi. parammano .......................................................................... 164
kvebis moTxovnileba da sulieri sqesobrivi
urTierTobebi .......................................................... 164
Sinagani wesrigi da transcendencireba
(gulwrfeloba)......................................................... 168
Sinagani qaosi da harmonizireba
(uSualoba) ................................................................. 172
Uorive nawilis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera .............. 177
bolosityvaoba (daskvna) ............................................................ 178

Sesavali
Tu uxeSi metaforuli midgomiT SevxedavT, nebismieri
cocxali arseba aris raRaca xarisxisa da raodenobis `plastelinis masala~, romlisaganac raRaca unda gamoiZerwos.
Tu cocxali arsebis survili identuri iqneba `plastelinis
masalis~ saWirod da sasurvelad gamoyenebisa (misi idealurad marTebulad gaxarjvis TvalsazrisiT), maSin aranairi
Sida da gare dapirispireba ar da verc iarsebebs. magram am
pirovnul survilebsa da pirovnebasTAn mimarTebaSi arsebul
gardauvlad aucileblad da saWirod miCneul dasakmayofilebel moTxovnilebebs Soris urTierTgaugebrobiTYi, araTanxvedrili nawili arsebobs. amitom iwyeba `plastelinis
masalisagan~ mravaljer gamoyenebis fenomenuri gamovlinebebis dausrulebeli maraToni.
am e. w. urTierTgaugebrobis arsebobis fonze cocxali
arseba TAavisi kuTvnili `plasetlinis masalisagan~ (anu imisagan, rasac `me~-s uwodebs) Tavisi survilis dasakmayofileblad Zerwavs raARacas. am Zerwvis procesSi is mTlianad
ixarjeba, ase vTqvaT guliT, suliT da gonebiT. albaT sul
ar unda iyos gasakviri is, rom adre Tu gvian damTAvrebul,
gamoZerwil formas is mTlianad ejaWveba mTeli guliT, suliTa da gonebiT. is xdeba cocxali arsebisaTvis upirvelesi
da umTavresi interesis sagani. pirveli problema ki rac am
cocxal arsebas udgeba win, es gaxlavT ukve gamoZerwili
(damTavrebuli) `gamosaxuli formis~ iseTad SenarCuneba
rogoradac is man Seqmna.
cocxal arsebas azradac ar mosdis is, rom swored am
survilis gaCenis momentidan Tavadve igonebs da hqmnis aTasgvari tipis safrTxes da, Tu gadataniTi mniSvnelobiTY (arauSualod) vigulisxmebT, Tavadve gardauvlad ganadgurebis
provocirebas axdens am misTvis uZvirfasesi gamoZerwili,
gamosaxuli formisaTvis gankuTvnils. es ki imitom moxdeba,
rom am cocxalma arsebam moindoma procesis SeCereba, drois
SeCereba, sakuTari qmnilebis srulyofilebad monaTvla, maSin rodesac is aseTi ar aris, rameTu gamosaxuli forma metad saWiroa misTvis, vidre Tavad is am formisaTvis. anu man
Semoitana drois mokvlis, bunebrivi movlenebis bunebrivi
9

svlis mokvlis, funqcionaluri aspeqtis mokvlis mcdelobebi sakuTari qmnilebis `xelSeuxeblad~ datovebis survilis
gamo.
amitom cocxal arsebas unda daeSalos, daengres, daeWylitos es gakultebuli naZerwi figura (an TviTYon naZerwi
unda daupirispirdes, aujanydes, gaeqces, Tundac sakuTari
Tavis dazianebis an sulac ganadgurebis fasad), raTa man xelaxla daiwyos am arsebulze WeSmaritad ukeTesi figuris
keTeba.
erTi ram unda gaigos, SEeicnos cocxalma arsebam. igi ganuwyveytliv SeEmoqmedebiTi saqmianobiT unda iyos dakavebuli, magram im `plastelinis masalaze~ meti rac ukve mieca ar
ekuTvnis da arc unda ecados sxva cocxal arsebebs waarTvas, man Tavisi kuTvnili `plastelinis masala~ funqcionalurad (miznobrivad) gamoiyenos.
maSin, rodesac daamTavrebs sakuTari `plastelinis masalis~ gamoyenebas miRebuli naZerwi, rac SeiZleba mokle, lakonuri, funqcionaluri da vizualuri aRwera, aRqma da SegrZneba unda moaxdinos cocxalma arsebam. Semdgom es codna
mexsierebaSi, warmosaxviT inteleqtualur bankSi unda gadaitanos, mis garSemo sxva cocxali arsebebis mxridan (visac
surs da vinc Tavad surs) Sexedulebebi unda moisminos, isinic sumirebis Semdgom pozitivad unda gardaqmnas da... Tavisive gulis, sulisa da gonebis keTili nebiT unda gadaaqcios
naZerwad gardaqmnili `plastelinis masala~ iseve Tavdapirvel `plastelinis masalad~, raTa xelaxla daiwyos axali SemoqmedebiTi wvis procesSi axali naZerwis Seqmna.
gonebis enaze rom iTqvas, es aris ar mijaWvebis fenomenis metaforuli gadmocema sakuTar saqmianobaze da am saqmianobis Sedegebze.
am gamoZerwvisa da naZerwis daSlis xangrZlivi urTierTcvalebadi procesi damTavrdeba maSin da mxolod maSin,
rodesac cocxali arsebis survili sruliad identuri,
mTlianad Sesabamisi gaxdeba sakuTar kuTvnilebaSi arsebuli `plastelinis masalis~ (anu imisa, rasac cocxali arseba
`me~-s uwodebs) zedmiwevniT saWirod da sasurvelad gamoyenebisa. maSin aRaranairi Sida da gare dapirispireba aRar da

10

veRar iarsebebs am cocxali arsebisaTvis. masSi da mis garemocvaSi mSvidoba daisadgurebs.

ai, es procesi Tavidan bolomde da misi mimdinareobisas
savaraudod mosaxdeni movlenebi erTi legendismagvari istoriiT minda gadmovce, romelic me Sevqmeni da imdenad momewona, rom am wignSi gadavwyvite misi Setana.

...da, iqneb, sicocxle caSic grZeldeba?! maSin...

rac dafasebulia, is aris waxalisebuli da
mxolod imas hbaZavs adamianuri buneba
daxata didma mxatvarma naxati didebuli. naxati igi suliT anTebda da STaagonebda sinatifes yovelivesi, rac ki
arsebula da arsebobs. yoveli macqerali misi ivseboda madliT, romelic iqidan gardmodioda.
da yovels, macqerals naxatisas, aReZra survili gamoexata SegrZneba, romelic Sedioda maTSi. yovelma maTganma
daiwyo gamoxatva am SegrZnebisa, ramdenadac Seswevda unari
azriT amis gadmocemisa.
Tavidan usmendnen isini erTurTs da siamovnebdaT saubari erTmaneTTan da ar bezrdebodaT es arc dRe da arc Rame. yovelma imaTganma bolomde dascala Tavisi guli, bolomde gadaaqcia SegrZnebuli madli didebul sityvebad, sasiamovno azrTawyobad. didad kmayofilni iyvnen isini amiT
da ase netar mdgomareobaSi iyvnen kargaxans, mxolod erTmaneTs Sehxarodnen, arRara undodaT amis meti, rameTu sruli
gageba hqondaT erTurTisa. magram aRar ainteresebdaT naxati, TiTqos bolomde moisurvileso igi.
ase grZeldeboda iqamde, vidre erTma imaTganma ar ganizraxa Tavidanve Seeqmna msgavsi am naxatisa. Tavidan sakuTari
SegrZnebis gadmosacemad surda eqmna es, raTa sxva yvela mis
garSemo myofni, romlebic WeSmaritad uyvarda mas iseve
aRefrTovanebina da daemuxta, rogorc didi mxatvris naxatma aRafrTovana da damuxta isini. ar daaklo arc ndoma da
11

arc survili. xatvis dros ki, is survili amoZravebda, rom

yovel maTgans visTanac gageba akavSirebda xelaxla moandomebda es axlad miwodebuli SegrZneba axal, ukeTes azrTawyobad gadaeqciaT da erTmaneTisTvis siamovnebiT aRvsilebs
gaeziarebinaT.

ganvlo droebam da aha, daamTavra man naxati Tavisi da

saTuTi mowiwebiT warudgina igi sxvaTa yovelTa... magram ar
moxda ise, rogorc es am erTs warmoedgina. daiwyes maT yvelam Sedareba axali naxatisa ZvelTan da aRSfoTebulni ukmayofilebas ver malavdnen. dasdes brali amas mkrexelobaSi.
pirvelad daadanaSaules mimsgavsebaSi saTayvaneblisaSi da
krZalviT mosapyroblisaSi, dauwunes Canafiqri misi da naxati igi rjulis SebRalvis mcdelobad gamoacxades. aukrZales yvelas mzeriT Sexebodnen naxats amasa da kerpad gamoacxades.
Semdgomad amisa, Suri Sevida TiToeulSi maTSi TavisnairisvesTan mimarTebaSi da Tavadve daiwyes naxatebis keTeba,
Cum-Cumad erTurTisa. daiyvnen msxvil jgufebad da urTierTangariSgaweva maTi daiyo da daiSala ramdenimed. Tumc am
jgufebSi gageba erTurTisa iyo, magram es gageba metad daemsgavsa sxvaTa gagebis dapirispirebiT gamokvebil erTobas.
axali naxatis avtori ki, gandga imaTgan da naxatic Tan waiRo.

ganvlo droebam kidev da imasac gamouCndnen Tanamdgomni da moziareni, vinc gabeda da Sehqmna naxati gansxvavebulad didi mxatvrisa. iwyo maTma jgufma gazrda da gafarToeba. Tu pirvelad mosulni naxatiT afasebdnen avtors, Semdgom Semomatebulni naxatis momxreTa raodenobiT iyvnen mi12

zidulni; amaT Semdgomad Semokerebulni am jgufzeda naxatis momxreTa zrdadi gavleniT sargeblis miRebis SesaZleblobiT ixiblebodnen; ai, sul bolos Camokidebul-CabRauWebulni ki, yalbi keTilganwyobiT gamoxatuli niRbiT cdilobdnen am jgufSi SigniT SeRweviT maTi Zala da sisuste gaegoT da xelsayrel momentSi damangreveli dartyma mieyenebinaT maTiv rigebidan aRmocenebuli mxatvrisaTvis, radganac umecari iyo buneba maTi.

ganvlo kidev droebam da gardaicvala axali naxatis avtori. mokvda igi TvalTaTvis da aRiara maSin yvelam, didma
Tu pataram did mxatvrad, msgavsad im didi mxatvrisa, romelTanac Sedarebis-da gamoc gaikicxa igi da gaiyo yvela ramdenime jgufad. Seikriba isev yoveli, raTa xelaxla yvela
gamxdariyo rogorc erTi da sruli gageba da siyvaruli hqonodaT erTurTisa... magram ukve Tvals veRar usworebdnen
erTmaneTs, raRaca uSlidaT. maSin moindomes naxatis cqeriTa da iqidan dabadebuli SegrZnebis azrTawyobad gardaqmnilebiTa da amis urTierTgaziarebiT moecilebinaT undobloba erTmaneTis mimarT. TiTqos guldagulac ki cdilobdnen amis qmnas, magram ver SeZles.
naxats ki ucqerdnen, TvaliT xedavdnen, magram guli
sdumda. sakuTari uaryofa awuxebdaT Tu is, rom maTnairis
mier Seqmnils uqcerdnen, ver getyviT, magram SegrZneba, rac
maTSi Cndeboda naxatidan ki ara, sakuTari warsulidan momdinareobda. ara, ise ar gegonoT TiTqos saqebar sityvebs
iSurebdnen, an yurebamde Rimiliani saxiT ar esaubrebodnen
erTmaneTs, rogor gekadrebaT. taqtic hqondaT daculi da
Tavaziani qcevis wesebic.
naxati oqros CarCoSic ki Casves da win minac Causves, rom
aravis daezianebina. erTma mecnierma specialurad Seiswavla
saRebavis qimiuri Semadgenloba, mTeli Tavisi Segnebuli
cxovreba amas miuZRvna da daaskvna, rom is identuri iyo im
13

saRebavisa, riTac Tavdapirveli naxati iqna daxatuli. xelovnebaTmcodneebmac Seiswavles da aRiares, rom xatvis
stili absoluturad Seesabameboda didi mxatvris stils.
TviT yvelaze didma mowinaaRmdegeebmac, Zveli naxatis istoriulma Tayvanismcemlebmac ki, daaskvnes, rom es axali naxati Zveli didi mxatvris kurTxeviTa da STagonebiT Seiqmna.
mokled, yovel dRe da yovel RamiT uwyveti rigebi idga
naxatis sanaxavad da mis win Casmul minaze saamborod. Zalian
SeZlebulebi didi Tanxebis safasurad sakuTar, maTTvis
wminda, zeimebze didi Txovna-mudaris Semdgom moataninebdnen xolme naxats mis damcvelebs sasurvel adgilas.
magram am uamravTa ricxvTagan erTic ar aRmoCnda iseTi,
romelic Tundac odnav mainc Seecdeboda SeegrZno is, Tu
ras grZnobda is, erT-erTi maTi msgavsi arseba im dros, rodesac naxats hqmnida. es naxati xom am SegrZnebam Sehqmna da
ara iman radac aRiqvamda es yvela am naxatis avtors.

es gardacvlili, erT-erTi imaTgani ki, didma mxatvarma

Tavis saxelosnoSi daasaxla da maTi urTierToba Tavisdauneburad hqmnida im SegrZnebas, ramac es naxatebi Sehqmna da
miuxedavad uwyveti, mudmivi urTierTgaziarebisa, sakuTar
azrTawyobaTa, isini ar daiclebian, ar damTavrdebian, ar gajerdebian, miRweuls ise ar dasjerdebian, rom ar Sehqmnan
axali naxati.
d. yandaSvili

14

I nawili
gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad
gadaqceva
ra azri aqvs urTierTobebs romlebSic cnobieri urTierTgaziareba, sulieri kontaqti gawyvetilia da isini yofiT urTierTgaziarebiT, materialuri kontaqtiT aris Semofargluli. am urTierTobebis mniSvnelobis funqcionalur raobaze Tu vilaparakebT isini sakuTari materialuri
yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis gansazRvisaTvisa da
uzrunvelyofisaTvis unda iqnas gamoyenebuli. Cemi `me~sTvis arsebuli materialuri yofierebis garadauvali aucilebloba ki Tavadve SEedegia Cemi `me~-s mier TavisSi miRebuli arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebisa. anu es aris yvelaze pasiuri, magram gardauvali nawili Cemi `me~-s arsebobis mimdinareobis procesSi nebismieri saxiT materializirebulobis Semdeg, Tundac absoluturad idealurad TviTrealizaciis ESemTxvevaSic ki.
Tu sakuTari `me~-sTvis miCneuli materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxa izrdeba, es imas niSnavs,
rom Cemi `me~-s mier arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa safuZvelze realobad aRqmul iluzias (sakuTari sulis anarekls) imaze metad mivejaWve, vidre viyavi mijaWvuli. Sedegad ki am SexedulebaTa swored gadafasebis, gajansaRebis
midrekileba imxelaze Semcirda, ramxelazec ufro metad mivejaWve.
Tu sakuTari `me~-sTvis miCneuli materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxa mcirdeba (miuxedavad
sakuTari materialuri mdgomareobisa), es imas niSnavs, rom
Cems mier arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa safuZvelze
realurad aRqmul iluzias (sakuTAari sulis anarekls) metnaklebad ganvejaWve. Sedegad ki am SexedulebaTa sworad gadafasebis, gajansaRebis midrekileba imxelaze gaizarda,
ramxelazec ufro naklebad gavxdi mijaWvuli iluziaze,
vidre viyavi.
zogadad individualuri sulis individualuri materialuri sxeulidan, anu mis mier arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa Sesabamisi sulieri anareklidan e. i. mis mier realo15

bad aRqmuli realuri iluziidan gamoyvana sam SemTxvevaSi

xdeba:
1. rodesac individisaTvis materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxa `mudmiv~ da ucvlel maCvenebelze daiyvaneba. am SemTxvevaSi arasworad Sefasebul SEexedulebaTa gadafaseba faqtobrivad wydeba individis mxridan rogorc negatiuri (arasasurveli), ise pozitiuri (sasurveli) mimarTulebiT.
2. rodesac individisaTvis materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxa maqsimalurad umaRles doneze
aiyvaneba. am SemTxvevaSi individis mier sworad Sefasebuli
Sexedulebebic mTlianad arasworad gadafasdeba da daemateba ukve arsebul arasworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebs, anu
individi mTlianad arasworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebs daeyrdnoba da Tavis WeSmarit meobas srulad dahkargavs.
3. rodesac individisaTvis materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxa maqsimalurad Semcirdeba
(faqtiurad gaqreba). am SemTxvevaSi individis mier arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi srulad, mTlianad gadafasdeba da Sefasdeba saWirod da sworad da daemateba im sworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebs, romlebic arsebobdnen individSi materialuri saxiT gamovlinebisas. es individi gadava
sulier samyaroSi da imis Sesabamisad ra diapazonisa iyo misi arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi gadanawildeba an samoTxeSi, an caTa sasufevelSi, an zecaSi.
ra, rodis, sad, risTvis, ratom, visTan, rogor da ramdeni
unda gamovavlino da gamovxato
cnobieri urTierTobebi, sulieri kontaqti
upirveles yovlisa es Cemi `me~-s mxridan unda gamovlindes mTeli sulieri samyaros mimarT, Tumca vidre materialur samyaroSi am materiluri sxeuliT SezRudul pirobebSi vimyofebi im CemTvis uxilavi samyaros warmomadgenlebTan aucileblad unda viqonio warmosaxviTi urTierTobebi,
raTa Cems `me~-Si arsebuli arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi mTlianad gardavqmna sworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebad.
es procesi Cems `me~-Si moxdeba materialuri yofierebis
16

gardauvali aucileblobis nusxis zomieri meToduri SemcirebiTa da misi sruli absoluturi gardaqmniT sulieri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxad da Semdgom ki
amis gardaqmniT sulieri cnobierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxad anu WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebad.
am mxriv GANgansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia materialuri cnobierebis gardauvali aucileblobis nusxis is warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, romelic CemTan moindomebs cnobier urTierTobebs anu arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa pasiuri warmomadgenlobiTi nawili. maTTan mimarTebaSi araviTar SemTxvevaSi, kategoriulad ar SeiZleba ndobiTi parametriT
midgoma, amiT xelmZRvaneloba da sakuTari `me~-s maTTan gaTanasworebis SegrZnebis Cadeba, rogorc sakuTar `me~-Si, ise
maTSi. midgoma maTTan mimarTebaSi unda bazirdebodes kategoriulad da calsaxad mxolod WeSmarit rwmenaze, sadac
`me~ viqnebis wamyvani rgoli da romeli maTganic amas ar moindomebs, masTan urTierTobis gawyveta albaT gardauvali
gaxdeba.
es midgoma SeiZleba odnavad dairRves (Serbildes), magram, saboloo jamSi, koncentracia mainc aseTi unda iyos
Cems meuRlesTan, colTan mimarTebaSi, romelic materialur samyaroSi yofnis miuxedavad TAavad unda iyos Zalian maRali sulieri donis mqone da Cemi sulieri donis SesabamisobaSi unda imyofebodes.
rac Seexeba arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa aqtiur
warmomadgenlebTan urTierTobebs cnobier doneze, es avtomaturad komfliqtis sinonimur cnebas moicavs, xolo yofier doneze wertil-mZimemde gaTvaliswinebul da bolomde
gaweril urTierTobebs gulisxmobs, Casafrebulobis suliskveTebiT ganmsWvaluls. sakuTari iniciativiT araviTar
SEemTxvevaSi, kategoriulad ar unda Sevide kontaqtSi am
arasworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa aqtiur warmomadgenlebTan cnobier, sulier doneze da mxolod yofier, materialur doneze unda movaxdino es. Tu am nawils Tavad moundeba cnobieri urTierTobis damyareba ubralod gulgrilad
unda miviRe monawileoba am procesSi da ZiriTadad sarwmuno(vn)ebaze bazirebulma unda vawarmoo es urTierTobebi.
17

winaswar unda Seveguo im azrs, rom am urTierTobebs araviTari (Cemi SefasebiT) pozitiuri Sedegebis motana ar SeuZlia da guli ar unda gamoviyeno am dros.
Tu situacia komfliqtamde mimivida, uciloblad, es Cems
`me~-Si arsebuli arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebis safuZvelze gangebis mier Seqmnil iluziaze mijaWvulobis Sedegi iqneba. komfliqtis procesSi aucilebelia araTu gavide (gaviqce) konfliqturi situaciidan, aramed e. w. aikidos
sistemiT vixelmZRvanelo Cemi materialuri sxeulisaTvis
arsebuli SesaZlo dazianebis SiSis aranairi formis ar qoniT. aikidos sistema niSnavs yovelgvari brazis gareSEe miiRo
situacia da zedmiwevniT zustad daubruno kontaqtors mis
mier gamovlinebuli SegrZneba da am SegrZnebis realizirebuli materialuri gamovlineba, rasac gamoimetebs CemTvis.
konfliqtis dasrulebis SEemdeg ki misi mizezebis, miznebis, saSualebebis, Sedegebisa da sababebis dawvrilebiTi Sida ganxilva unda movaxdino da sakuTari mijaWvulobebis faseulobriv doneze gansazRvra unda SevZlo.
konfliqtis mimdinareobis procesSi Zalian kargi iqneba
iseTi araferi Cavidino, rac, misi damTavrebis Semdgom, Cemi
sindisis qenjnasa da Sercxvenas gamoiwvevs.
uklebliv yvela cocxali arsebisaTvis aucilebeli da
gardauvlad saWiroa sxva cocxal arsebebTan kontaqti, rogorc mimdinare obieqtur realobasTan kontaqtis ar dakargvisa da TviTgawonasworebis saSualeba.
Tu obieqtur mimdinare realobaze ufro win mavali cocxali arsebisaTvis (`mamakacuri sawyisisaTvis~) sxva cocxali arseba, rogorc gawonasworebis saSualeba (Tumc is mas
aseTad ver icnobierebs) ufro saWiro gaxdeba, vidre TAavad
is am cocxali arsebisaTvis, maSin masSi sulieri ltolva materialur ltolvad gardaiqmneba.
zogadad `qaluri sawyisisTvis~, anu obieqturi realobisagan Tundac odnav CamorCenili nawilisaTvis, ufro saWirod unda iyos aRqmuli `mamakacuri sawyisi~, anu obieqturi
realobisagan Tundac odnav win wasuli nawili.
Tu obieqturi mimdinare realobidan win gadaadgilebuli cocxali arseba gawonasworebis aucileblobis SegrZnebas dahkargavs, es yvelaze savalalo Sedegebs moutans yve18

lasa da yvelafers sakuTari pirovnebis CaTvliT. am SemTxvevaSi misTvis aravin da araferi aRar aris saWiro sakuTari individualizmis garda da misi matebis SEedegad masSi Warbi potenciali (WarbSi igulisxmeba mimdinare obieqtur realobaSi arsebul codnaze meti codna) materialur vnebad
gardaiqmneba.
aseve savalaloa, magram amjerad mxolod Tavad cocxali
arsebisaTvis Tu is mimdinare obieqtur realobas CamorCenis
Semdgom gawonasworebis aucileblobis SegrZnebas dahkargavs. amis Sedegad igi sacodav, ubadruk mdgomareobaSi gadadis da is materialuri vnebis moxmarebis obieqtad gardaiqmneba.
yvela es CamoTvlili varianti erTgvarad saWiro gzis
gansazRvris saqmeSi uciloblad Tavis rols TaAmaSobs, magram gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqcevis msurvelisaTvis, vfiqrob, ufro Rrma cnobieruli analizi da
adamianuri cnobierebisaTvis radikaluri zomebis miRebaa
saWiro.
daviwyeb anbanuri cnobieri TanamimdevrulobiT da Semdgom nel-nela gavarTuleb. adamianisaTvis zogadad gansazRvrulia (miT umetes kali-iugas epoqaSi) religiuri principebis dacva, Seswavla da misi miyola, Semdgom ekonomikuri
ganviTareba, Semdgom grZnobebis dakmayofileba da bolos
gaTavisufleba induizmis saxeliT cnobili, vedebis mier Camoyalibebuli saxelmZRvanelo principis mixedviT, cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi.
samwuxarod, im anomaliur realobaSi, sadac amJamad imyofeba Cemi droebiTi sxeuli da Cemi individualuri suli
am sxeulSi es yvela principi Seusrulebelia, ufro sworad
sjobia ar Seasrulo. imitom rom:
1) am anomaliuri realobis princips aTeizmi, Teologia
da adamianuri sxeulis uzenaes arsebad gamocxadeba udevs
safuZvlad;
2) ekonomikur ganviTarebas kanonebisa da konstituciis
ise darRvevis unaris SeZena udevs safuZvlad, rom an ver SeniSnon am ver SeZlon SEeni daWera imis gamo, rom viRac gavleniani damrRvevi dagicavs, an SEen Tavadve iyo imdenad gavle19

niani damrRvevi, rom vinc unda dagiWiros Tavad iyvnen SEeni

Zalauflebis qveS;
3) grZnobebis dakmayofilebas ki seqsualuri vnebis dakmayofileba udevs safuZvlad. am realobaSi ojaxis pirobebSi Tu coli SeniT seqsualurad kviraSi samjer-oTxjer minimum ise ar daakmayofile, rom rbili adgilebi cota ar Caulurjdeba da yovel `muSa~ RAamiT samjer mainc ar `gaaTavebs~
SEeuZlia sasamarTloSi giCivlos;
4) gaTavisuflebas aq eZaxian aRiarebis mopovebas nebismier fasad, nebismieri sababiT da imis keTebas rac moeprianebaT.
mokled veduri sistemis es principebi aq ase gamoiyurebian.
UTu mokle Sefasebas gavakeTeb aseT rames miviReb:
is vinc viRacaze an raERacaze uflebas iRebs sakuTari
iniciativiT da am uflebis Sesabamis movaleobas ar iTavisebs TviYTgakerpebas axdens.
is vinc viRacaze an raRacaze movaleobas iRebs sakuTari
iniciativiT da am movaleobis Sesabamis uflebas ar moiTxovs kerpis Tayvanismcemeli xdeba.
am formulirebebidan ki, vfiqrob, marTlac SesaZlebelia imis povna Tu rogor, ra gziT SeiZleba gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceva. sayrdeni wertili amisa
formulirebebSi naxseneb pirad, sakuTar iniciativebze uaris Tqmaa da yofieri urTierTobebiT, materialuri kontaqtiT SEemofargvlaa, romlebsac Cems `me~-Si arsebuli arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebis Sesabamisad Semiqmnis gangeba. es formulirebebi ki aseT saxes miiRebs:
Tu cocxali arseba sakuTari iniciativiT uflebis aRebas Tavs daanebebs, samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebis erTguli
gaxdeba da misi nebis realizaciis saSualebad daiwyebs sakuTari `me~-s aRqmas. es gza iZleva erTiani cnobierebis sulieri mdgomareobis marTvaSi monawileobis uflebis miRebas da erTiani cnobierebis mentalitetis aRqmas.
Tu cocxali arseba sakuTari iniciativiT movaleobis
aRebas Tavs daanebebs, samyaros uwmindesi pirovnebis erTguli gaxdeba da misi nebis realizaciis saSualebad daiwyebs sakuTari `me~-s aRqmas. es gza iZleva erTiani cnobiere20

bis mentalitetis marTvaSi monawileobis uflebis miRebas

da erTiani cnobierebis sulieri mdgomareobis aRqmas.
I pirobis dakmayofileba zogadad sakuTari mamakacuri
sawyisis mier cocxali arsebis mier idealuri saqmianobis
idealurad Sesrulebas niSnavs.
II pirobis dakmayofileba zogadad sakuTari qaluri sawyisis mier cocxali arsebis mier idealuri saqmianobis idealurad Sesrulebas niSnavs.
sakuTari iniciativiT uflebisa da movaleobis aRebaze
TAavis danebeba zogadad niSnavs imas, rom cocxali arseba bunebrivad moiTxovs uflebas Tavisze ufro dabla mdgom
cocxal arsebebTan mimarTebaSi eTikur-moraluri da esTetikur-zneobrivi TvalsazrisiT, xolo movaleobas cocxali
arseba moiTxovs sakuTari pirovnebis mxridan Tavisze ufro
maRla mdgom cocxal arsebebTan mimarTebaSi eTikur-moraluri da esTetikur-zneobrivi TvalsazrisiT.
uflebis moTxovna Tavisze ufro dabal donesTan mimarTebaSi aucileblad unda moxdes obieqturi realobisaTvis
Sesabamisi saqmianobis zedmiwevniT gaTvaliswinebiT, anu yvela qmedeba am cocxali arsebisa unda iyos harmonizirebis
samsaxurSi da gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad aRqmulobis SegrZnebaSi gamovlinebuli. me vityodi, kargi iqneboda amis misaRwevad Semdegi formulirebis realizacia ecada
cocxal arsebas: . anu Tavisive qmedebiT siamovneba mieniWebina Tavisze ufro maRali donisTvis
da kmayofileba sakuTari `me~-sTvis.
movaleobis Sesruleba Tavisze ufro maRal donesTan mimarTebaSi aucileblad unda moxdes obieqturi realobisTvis Sesabamisi sarwmuno(vn)ebis zedmiwevniT gaTvaliswinebiT anu yvela qmedeba am cocxali arsebisa unda iyos transcendencirebis samsaxurSi da gangebis nebis realizaciis
saSualebad aRqmulobis SegnebulobaSi gamovlinebuli. kargi iqneboda amis misaRwevad Semdegi formulirebis realizacia ecada cocxal arsebas: c . anu Tavisive qmedebiT kmayofileba mieniWebina Tavisze ufro maRali
donisTvis da siamovneba sakuTari `me~-sTvis.
am saxis uflebam unda daamkvidros sulieri codna.

21

am saxis movaleobam unda daamkvidros sulieri keTildReoba.

sulieri codna obieqtur realobaSi arsebuli materialuri codnis `gadamuSavebiT~ unda iqnas miRebuli, xolo
sulieri keTildReoba ki obieqtur realobaSi arsebuli materialuri keTildReobis `gadamuSavebiT~ anu sulieri keTildReobis samsaxurSi CayenebiT.
amis realurad ganxorcielebisaTvis ki saWiroa da aucilebeli is xuTi piroba Sesruldes upirobod, romlebsac axla CamovTvli:
I ananda kategoriulad unda gavwyvito yvelanairi cnobieri, sulieri kontaqti materialur garemosTaAn da mis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic sakuTari anu Cemi
`me~-s iniciativiT xdeba.
II vijnana gangebis mier CemTvis mowodebuli da Cemi
`me~-s mier aRqmuli WeSmariti codna Sida Segnebis donidan
uSualod Sida SegrZnebis doneze aRqmulobaSi unda gadaviyvano da WeSmarit grZnobad gardavqmna.
III mano kategoriulad winaaRmdegi unda gavxde Tavadve
Cemi Semoqmedebis gatanisa sakuTari anu Cemi `me~-s iniciativiT.
IV prana kategoriulad unda Semovifarglo im yofieri,
materialuri kontaqtiT materialur garemosTan da mis warmomadgenlebTan, romelic CemTvis materialuri yofierebis
gardauval aucileblobas uzrunvelyofs.
V anna sakuTar arsSi damkvidrebuli da SegrZnebulic
ki sulieri codna kategoriulad ar unda gavce Cemi `me~-s
iniciativiT Tundac imisaTvis, visac raimenairi saxiT surs
amis miReba da miT umetes imisaTvis, visac es saerTodac ar
surs. es yvelaze rTuli sakeTebelia aqtiuri cocxali arsebebisaTvis.
ai, am xuTi pirobis jerovnad Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi me
SevZleb gamovide im kategoriis warmomadgenlobiTobidan,
rasac sulierad dacemidan moyolebuli adamianis raobis gageba moiazrebs. amiT ki TviT gangebis mxridan movipoveb
ndobasa da uflebas misi nebis realizaciis saSualeba anu
gangebis erT-erTi rigiTi warmomadgeneli gavxde. sxvaTaSoris pirvel nabijad sakuTari `me~-s am mimarTulebisaken rea22

lurad svlisa mimaCnia is, rom es wigni adamianebisaTvis ar

iwereba da TiTqmis darwmunebuli var isini amas arasodes ar
waikiTxaven, Tundac imitom, rom me es ar msurs da aq Cadebuli Cemi energetikuli ganwyoba amis wakiTxvis saSualebas ar
miscems maT. da gindac waikiTxon, mainc verafers gaigeben,
da Tu vinme aRmoCndeba vinc suliread am simaRlis iqneba, an
Tundac ufro metis, me piradad es Zlier gamaxarebda, magram
is ukve adamianis raobis gagebaze ufro maRla mdgari arseba
iqneba.
uxeSi, magram realuri SefasebiTi daskvnasaviT iqneba is,
rom am xuTi pirobis jerovnad Semsrulebeli anu gangebis
nebis realizaciis saSualebad gamoyenebuli cocxali arseba materialur samyaroSi marTulobis mdgomareobidan (materialuri upirobo da pirobiTi refleqsebiT) gadava materialur samyaroSi arsebuli materializirebuli cocxali
arsebebis mmarTvelis mdgomareobaSi. sulieri upirobo da
pirobiTi refleqsebiT iqneba marTuli Tavad (rac adamianebisaTvis Cemis azriT absoluturad gaugebar formulirebas
unda warmoadgendes). es, faqtiurad, sansaraze damokidebulebis polusur Secvlas niSnavs.

23

I TAavi
ananda
sakuTari `me~-s iniciativaze uaris Tqmis
pirveli safexuri
yvelanairi cnobieri urTierTobebis, sulieri kontaqtis gawyveta materialur garemosTan da mis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic sakuTari anu Cemi `me~-s iniciativiT xdeba.
I nawili am wignisa faqtiurad mTlianad cocxali arsebis
individualuri sxeulis idealurad sasurveli da saWiro
saqmianobisa da mdgomareobis aRmweri iqneba. am pirvel TavSi I nawilisa am saqmianobis (mdgomareobis) konceftualuri,
saerTo xedva iqneba gadmocemuli, rogorc sruli suraTis
zogadi ganxilva da punqtobirivi warmoCineba. upirveles
yovlisa ki msurs warmovaCino erTgvari cxriluri formiT
razea saerTod saubari.

mamakacuri
sawyisi warmosaxva
`ego~-s Signidan
SegrZneba TviTkmaroba
qaluri sawyisi gamosaxva gamosaxleba `ego~-s
garedan SegrZneba sarwmunoeba

adamianuri
buneba
mecniereba

obieqturi realobisTvis Sesabamisi pirobiTobis aRqma da

Sesruleba misiis aRsasruleblad
ind.
sxeulSi
arsebuli upirobo survilebis dakmayofileba
sakuTar
`me~-ze dakisrebuli misiis Sesafaseblad da
gangebis nebis
Sesasruleblad

demonuri
buneba
Semecneba
`me~-s Signidan
aRqma
ind. sxeulSi.
pirobiYTobebis ar gazrda

monuri
buneba
garemos Secnoba

`ego~-s garedan aRqma individualur

sxeulSi

satanuri
buneba
Sinagani
qaosi

religia

funqcionaluri `me~-s
Signidan arqma ind. sxeulSi. pirobiTobebis ar
gazrda

Semoqmedeba
`ego~-s
Signidan aRqma ind. sxeulSi

Sinagani
wesrigi

e. w. adamianuri bunebisaTvis suliereba sulierebad

aris aRqmuli. sulieri codna da sulieri keTildReoba sulier codnad da sulier keTildReobad. materia materiad
aris aRqmuli, materialuri codna da materialuri keTil24

dReoba ki materialur codnad da materialur keTildReobad. zogadad individualizmis araindividualizmze daqvemdebareba xdeba individualuri sxeulis doneze. individualuri sxeulisaTvis umTavres mizans ki gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceva warmoadgens.
e. w. demonuri bunebisaTvis suliereba materiad aris aRqmuli. sulieri codna materialur codnad, xolo sulieri
keTildReoba materialur keTildReobad. zogadad, araindividualizmze daqvemdebareba xdeba individualuri sxeulis doneze. individualuri sxeulisaTvis umTavres mizans
sakuTari nebis realizacia warmoadgens arainividualizmis
sakiTxebSi.
e. w. monuri bunebisaTvis materia sulierebad aris aRqmuli. materialuri codna sulier codnad, xolo materialuri keTildReoba sulier keTildReobad. zogadad individualizmis individualizmze (araindividualizmad aRqmulze) daqvemdebareba xdeba individualuri sxeulis doneze.
individualuri sxeulisaTvis umTavres mizans sakuTari nebis ar realizacia warmoadgens araindividualizmSi.
e. w. satanuri bunebisaTvis. sulierebis aRqmis unari absoluturad daxSulia e. i. avtomaturad ignorirebulia. sanacvlod mTeli materiis aRqmis unari gaaCnia e. i. mxolod
materialur codnasa da materialur keTildReobas aRiarebs. zogadad araindividualizmis individualizmze daqvemdebareba xdeba individualuri sxeulis doneze. individualuri sxeulisaTvis umTavres mizans gangebad aRiarebulobis miRweva warmoadgens araindividualur sakiTxebSi.
erTob mniSvnelovani sakiTxia is, Tu individualuri
sxeulisaTvis ra unda iyos suliereba da ra materializmi.
CemTvis metad gasakviri iyo rodesac, DdResdReisobiT codnis, informaciuli zRva masalis urTierTaRrevis Sedegad,
zog adamianTan imis garkvevac ki SeuZlebeli gaxda ra aris
materialuri da ra sulieri. magaliTad, sxvadasxva mecnierebebis brmad mimyolisaTvis Turme sinaTle materiaa iseve
rogorc mzis sxivi an mizidulobis Zala da a. AS. am absurdulobis dasalageblad aucileblad meCveneba ori sistemis Semotana, anu is, rac individualuri sulisaTvis materiaa, in25

dividualuri sxeulisaTvis SeiZleba materiac iyos da sulierebac. is, rac individualuri sulisaTvis sulierebaa,
individualuri sxeulisaTvis upirobod warmoadgens (unda
warmoadgendes) sulierebas.
is, rac individualuri sxeulisaTvis materiaa, individualuri sulisaTvis upirobod unda warmoadgendes materias, xolo is, rac individualuri sxeulisaTvis sulierebaa, individualuri sulisaTvis SeiZleba iyos ise rogorc
materia, iseve sulierebac.
vidre am sakiTxis sruli amowurva moxdebodes Tavisuflad SeiZleba gamovkveTo individualuri sulisa da individualuri sxeulis urTierTTanamSromlobis uaRresad didi
mniSvneloba amis urTierTgagebamde miyvaniT.
axla ki minda ganvsazRvro suliereba da materia individualuri sxeulis gadasaxedidan ra unda iyos:
materia nebismieri individualuri sxeulisaTvis unda
iyos is, rasac SexebiT SeigrZnobs sxeulis gare kaniT, rasTan vizualurad kontaqtis damyareba SeuZlia, risi moqmedebis Sedegad warmoqmnil bgerebsac aRiqvams yurebis meSveobiT, rasac gemos doneze eniT aRiqvams da isic, rasac cxviris saSualebiT ynosvis saxiT aRiqvams.
suliereba nebismieri individualuri sxeulisaTvis unda iyos is, rasac warmosaxviT SeigrZnobs sxeulis SigneuliT, rasTanac warmosaxvis vizualizaciiT kontaqtis damyareba SeuZlia. agreTve rodesac fiqris saxiT SEigniT sxeulSi
xdeba msjelobaTa logikuri jaWvis awyoba. agreTve enis saSualebiT sakuTar individualur sxeulSi warmoqmnili da
iqidan momdinare bgerebiT sxva individualur sxeulTan raimenairi saxis kontaqtis damyareba da bolos, yvelanairi saxis saarsebo wyaro individualuri sxeulisa misTvis sulierebis nusxaSi unda figurirebdes cxviriT sunTqvidan dawyebuli, nebismieri saWmlis an sasmelis miRebiT damTavrebuli.
am I nawilisaTvis Semovitan kidev erT cxrilur Canaxatebs, romelic SedarebiTobis fonze zogadad, vfiqrob, ufro naTels gaxdis am nawilis dasamkvidreblad saWiro miznebisa da amocanebis Sesrulebis raobas.

26

anu materializirebuli cocxali arsebis individualuri sxeuli saboloo jamSi unda gaxdes individualuri sulis
faseulobriv gamaze awyobili da srulad unda dahkargos
Tavisi angarebiTi buneba. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom am wignis I nawilis ZiriTadi arsi am metamorfozaSi, am transformaciaSi
mdgomareobs. axla ki, vfiqrob, ukve Rirs konkretulad anandas rogorc am Tavis Zireul sakiTxs davubrunde da misi aRweriT am transformaciis procesis Tanamimdevruli aRwera
daviwyo.

warmarTuloba da sulieri gandegiloba

warmarTuloba funqcionalurad ukve adaptirebuli
damkvidrebuli zogadi cnobierebis mimarT iseT midgomas
moiazrebs TiTqos es damkvidrebuli zogadi cnobiereba sabolood sruli WeSmaritebis momcveli ram iyos da aRar saWiroebdes momavalSi aRaranair swrafvas imisaken, rom gaxdes imaze ukeTesi, vidre is aris. Tu adamianuri logikiAT mivudgebiT, es aris raime (nebismieri) religiis zrdasrulobis formaciuli gamovlineba. kosmosidan adamianebisTvis
miwodebuli zogadi cnobierebis porcialuri nawilis aTvisebis procesSi adamianebi yovelTvis kargaven am porcialuri cnobierebis funqcionaluri nawilis aRqmis unarsa da
droTa ganmavlobaSi is vizualuri aRqmis unaris doneze daiyvaneba mxolod. isini ZiriTadad im TezisiT xelmZRvaneloben xolme, rom Tu velosipedi gamogonilia xelmeored misi gamogoneba absoluturi sisuleleao. amiT isini `velosipedis~ moxmarebis unars iZenen, magram vinaidan `velosipedis~ Seqmnaze daxarjul Sromas veRar grZnoben am `velosipeds~, rbilad rom vTqvaT, upasuxismgeblod udgebian. vinaidan warsuls adamianebi `zemodan~ yurebas uwyeben, rameTu
sakuTari Tavebi gacilebiT ufro maRla mdgom arsebebad miaCniaT warsulSi mcxovreb adamianebTan SedarebiT, avtomaturad, winaparTa avtoriteti maTTvis araraobas, nuls
utoldeba. warsuls mowyvetilni ki momavalSi verafers Rirebuls veRar hqmnian. sakuTar pirovnebaze didi warmodgeniT, mniSvnelovnebiT daavadebulni ukve erTmaneTsac zemo27

dan yurebas uwyeben. sakuTari pirovnebis kerpad dasaxviT

mxolod sakuTari sxeulis angarebiTi sargeblis miREebis suliskveYTebiT ganimsWvalebian da maTi individualuri sulebi individualuri sxeulebis parametraluri faseulobebis
aRqmis doneze ecema. es moxdeba yvelgan, sadac WeSmaritad
axali Rirebuli dasamkvidrebeli cnobierebis porcialuri
nawilis Zieba wydeba. vidre cocxal arsebaSi individualizmis gamovlinebuli forma arsebobs is ubralod valdebulia
es individualizmi imaze ukeTesi gaxados, vidre is aris. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi is damdgari wyaliviT dalpeba, daWaobdeba da ayroldeba.
ai, swored es aris warmarTuloba. iyo da icxovro imiT,
rac ukve damkvidrebulia da ar ecado Caswvde imas, rac
aucilebelia damkvidrebulis gasaumjobeseblad sulieri
TvalsazrisiT cocxlad mkvdari cocxali arsebis gansazRvrebaa da meti araferi.
im SemTxvevaSi ki, Tuki materializirebuli cocxali arseba yofiT kmaria anu im yofieri mdgomareobiT kmayofildeba, rac mas realurad uboZa gangebam, Tuki sulieri evolucirebisken ar aris midrekili, adre Tu gvian aucileblad
daecema sazizRar donemde.
ratom? imitom rom is mxolod imiT cxovrobs, rac ukve
gamokvleulia, rac ukve warimarTa anu Sesdga. es cocxali
arseba cdilobs SeinarCunos is, rac aqvs sulieri muxtis pozitiurobis TvalsazrisiT. is sakuTari individualuri sxeulis gardauvali aucileblobis uzrunvelyofis samsaxurSi dgas mxolod. es arseba kosmosis interesebs ar iTvaliswinebs da kosmosisaTvis da kosmosis interesebiT dainteresebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis, mTeli sulieri samyarosaTvis da am samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebebisaTvis ubralod
arasaintereso, uintereso xdeba.
uxeSi dakonkretebiT Tu mivudgebiT, warmarTuloba
aris warsuliT marTuloba anu mTlianad, srulad damokidebuli da marTuli iyo warsuliT, awmyosi da gansakuTrebiT
ki momavlis funqcionaluri interesebis sruli ignorirebiTa da ugulvebelyofiT. sityva warmarTuli Tavadve gulisxmobs TaAvis cnobier arsSi imas, rac ukve Sesdga, ukve warimarTa, ukve moxda.
28

warmarTulobis miyolis negatiur mxareze ase Tu ise ukve raRac vTqvi. axla Sevecdebi am cnebis pozitiur mxares
Sevexo. saerTod, ar arsebobs araferi (rac saerTod arsebobs), rasac ar gaaCnia rogorc pozitiuri, ise negatiuri
mxare.
warmarTulobis negatiuroba gamoiwvia iman, rom cocxali arsebis mTeli individualizmi koncentrirebuli iyo
imaze mecadineobiT (imis mcdelobiT), raTa ukve damkvidrebuli zogadi cnobiereba Seecno, obieqturad Seefasebina da
vizualuri religiuri formebiT gamoexata es yovelive. pozitiuroba warmarTulobisa gamoxatuli iqneba materializirebamde sakuTar `me~-Si Tavdapirvelad arsebuli zogadi
cnobierebis SecnobiTa da misi obieqturad SefasebiT. ra
Tqma unda, Tanaxma var imasTan, rom es ufro ukan mdebare
warsulTan Seiyvans cocxal arsebas kontaqtSi, magram es is
wertili iqneba warsulisa (droisa da sivrcis ganzomilebiT
gamoxatulisa), saidanac mis mier daiwyo mcdari Sexedulebebis realizirebis mcdelobebi gamosaxvis doneze warmosaxvaSi arsebuli donidan. rac Seexeba materialur doneze
gardauvali TviTgamovlinebis sakiTxs, cocxali arseba WeSmariti sarwmunoebis ganuxrelad dacvis principiT unda
amoqmeddes, anu mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli darRveuli
zogadi sazRvrebis Sesabamisi zogadi cnobierebis gamovlinebiT unda dakavdes, romelic momdinarebuli iqneba ara sakuTari iniciatividan. es iqneba cocxali arsebis mier materializirebis Semdgom ukve Cadenili axali cdomilebis materialuri kontaqturi saSualebiT ganeitralebisa da aRmofxvris saSualeba.
am ori pirobis ganuxrelad Secnoba da Sesruleba cocxali materializirebuli arsebis mier iqneba sulier gandegilobaSi gadasvlis realuri gamovlineba. sulieri gandegiloba ki, gaxlavT gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqcevis umaRlesi safexuri. Tumca unda vaRiaro isic, rom
am safexuris dakmayofileba sjobs moxdes TAavdapirvelad im
cocxali arsebebis mier, visac iluziidan (maiadan) gasvla
mouwadinebiaT da raRacis WeSmaritad Rirebulis miRweva
mousurvebiaT. anu ara annamaiadan anna-Si an manomaiadan mano-Si, aramed pirdapir anandamaiadan anandaSi sjobs rom ga29

davidnen da Semdgom vijnanamaiadan vijnanaSi, Semdgom manomaiadan manoSi, Semdgom pranamaiadan pranaSi, Semdgom ki annamaiadan annaSi.
swored amitom aris es I nawili ase awyobili. is iwyeba ara
anna-dan anandasken, aramed piriqiT anandadan annasken.
aqve xazgasmiT minda aRvniSno is, rom es pirveli nawili
gaxlavT sakuTAari iniciativebisagan gaTavisuflebis gamomxatveli da es I nawilis I TAavi ki, sakuTar iniciativebze uaris Tqmis umaRles safexurovan dones warmoadgens. cnobisaTvis minda aRvniSno is, rom materialuri sxeulis mexsierebiTi aRqmis doneze gangebis mier adamianisaTvis xelmisawvdomia mxolod da mxolod is informaciuli codna, romelic saWiroebs koreqtirebas, gansakuTrebiT materializirebuli cocxali arsebis arsebobis im periodSi, rodesac is
calsaxad iluziuri realobis interesebiT suldgmulobs
da WeSmariti realobis (sulieri samyaros) aRqmis unari realurad ar gaaCnia. ai, swored amitom aris saWiro sakuTar
iniciativebze (survilebze) uaris Tqma iqamde, vidre ganiwmindeba.

religia da sarwmunoeba
religia (WeSmariti religia) aris saukeTeso ram, rac ki
arsebobs iluziuri realobiT mcxovrebi materializirebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis. is aris makontrolebeli da maregulirebeli saSualeba am arsebebisa (adamianebisa), imisaTvis, rom maT axali cdomilebebi ar Caidinon da ar daamkvidron materialur samyaroSi arsebobis periodSi.
anandamaias donemde asuli adamianebi WeSmaritad icaven
WeSmarit religiur principebs da aRarafris gulisaTvis
aRar arRveven maT, magram es aris maTi maqsimumi im donemde,
vidre ar moindomeben iluziidan warmosaxvis saSualebiT
sulieri samyaros (realobis) aRqmasa da SegrZnebaSi gadainacvlon.
religia rodesRac momxdari saukeTesod saWiro da cocxlad Sesrulebuli moqmedebebis dogmatur imitaciaze dgas.
miuxedavad funqcionaluri datvirTvis aSkarad, mxolod vi30

zualur datvirTvaze gadayvanisa, religias uzarmazari

datvirTva akisria. is umecrebis gazrdisa da gaRrmavebis ar
daSvevisa da minimum, seriozuli Seferxebis samsaxurSi dgas
da pirnaTlad asrulebs TaAvis daniSnulebas.
magram maTTvis, vinc ukve damkvidrebuli zogadi cnobiereba TAavis garSemo arsebul garemoSi WeSmaritad Seicno da
misi obieqturi SEefaseba moaxdina, religiuri principebis
dacviT cxovreba sulier winsvlaSi xelis SeSlis saSualeba
xdeba. aseT pirovnebebs religiis principebis funqcionaluri daxvewa, religiaSi arsebuli dogmebis kvalificiuri axsna da religiis zegavlenis qveS myofi arsebebis swavla-ganaTleba evalebAaT. es movaleoba maTze gangebis mier aris gapirovnebuli. Tumca vidre isini sakuTar TAavebs `ormodan~
ar amoiyvanen bolomde (rac maT evalebaT) da `miwaze~ myarad
ar dadgebian rogorRa SeZleben sxvebi amoiyvanon im `ormodan~, romelSic Tavad imyofebodnen, vidre iqidan amoaRwevdnen. aqvea meore seriozuli pirobac am tipis arsebebisaTvis. maT mxolod is cocxali arsebebi unda amoiyvanon `ormodan~, romlebic Tavad aRiqvamen, rom `ormoSi~ imyofebian
da maT mowafeobrivi suliskveTebiT sTxoven iqidan amoyvanas.
ai, swored es `ormodan~ amosvlisa, Tu amoyvanis procesi
aris is, rasac moiazrebs sarwmunoeba.
sarwmunoeba aris saukeTeso ram, rac ki arsebobs iluziuri realobidan WeSmarit realobaSi gadasvli^T mcxovrebi
materializirebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis. is aris makoordinirebeli da maregulirebeli saSualeba am arsebebisa,
imisaTvis, rom maT sakuTari, maTSi arsebuli cdomilebebi
marTebulobad gardaqmnan da es gasworebuli cnobiereba
daamkvidron TavisSi, materialur samyaroSi arsebobis periodSi.
anandas donemde asuli adamianebi WeSmaritad icaven sarwmunoebas da arafrisa da aravis gulisaTvis ar arRveven mas.
swored es aris is, rasac materialuri individualuri sxeulis doneze WeSmaritad saWiroebisa da sasurvelobis gamovlinebis maqsimumi SeiZleba ewodos.
sarwmunoeba yovelTvis am wams mimdinare saWirod da
cocxlad Sesrulebuli moqmedebebis bunebriv gamovlinebu31

lobaze dgas. is, rogorc procesis avtori, aris yvelaze saukeTeso ram, rac ki SeiZleba SeemTxvas nebismier materializirebul cocxal arsebas materialuri samyaros nebismier
wertilSi.
sarwmunoebisa da religiis erT cnebad aRqma WeSmariti
sibecea da is, vinc amas akeTebs WeSmaritad umecar arsebad
SeiZleba iwodos. religia mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli
darRveuli nawilis sazRvrebis SEesabamisi cnobierebis dogmirebuli aRsrulebaa (induizmis enaze karma-iogas Sesruleba). es dogmaturi aRsruleba sxvadasxva ritualebis TAanamimdevrul SesrulebaSi gamoixateba, romlebic, Tavis mxriv,
gakultebuli nivTebisa da gakultebuli tradiciebis garSemo xdeba. am sistemis miyoliT, cdomileba ar mcirdeba,
magram arc izrdeba. rac Seexeba religiis funqcionaluri
arsis ufro dawvrilebiT ganxilvas, amas albaT I nawilis III
TAavSi anu manoSi gavakeTeb, rameTu es am ganyofilebas zedmiwevniT SEeesabameba.
sarwmunoeba mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli darRveuli
nawilis sazRvrebis Sesabamisi cnobierebis aradogmirebuli, bunebrivi aRsrulebaa. es bunebrivoba nebismier moqmedebebis arawinaswardagegmilobaSi, arawinaswargaYTvlilobaSi gamoixateba, romlebic, TAavis mxriv, arsebobis procesiT
tkbobis garSemo xdeba. am sistemis miyoliT cdomileba ar
izrdeba, samagierod mcirdeba.
ai, es aris gansxvaveba religiasa da sarwmunoebas Soris,
rac, vfiqrob, Zalian mniSvnelovania da aranairad ar aris
xelwarmosakvreli ram.
axla ki, imis droa, rom erTgvari daxarisxeba movaxdino,
raTa aRqmadi gaxdes es informacia, erTgvari gamartiveba
moxdes, erTgvari forma miiRos moculobam. vinaidan es wigni Cemi pirovnebis moxmarebis sagnadaa TAavidanve gamiznulad ganwesebuli, ar vecdebi Cems doneze dabla mdgomTa
mentalur interesebze awyobas da ise gavagrZeleb wigns im
gamartivebis CaTvliT, rogorc Tavadve bunebrivad momdinareobs CemSi. es imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom es gamartivebuli
forma iqneba CemTvis da visTvis rogorac unda iyos, amaze
aRar vfiqrob. sxvaTaSoris, am wams davafiqsire, rom es midgomac erT-erTi saukeTeso gamovlinebaa sakuTari `me~-dan
32

momdinare iniciativebze uaris Tqmisa (yovel SemTYxvevaSi

amis seriozuli mcdelobisa mainc).
vizualizirebul (fsevdofunqcionalur) religiad gadaqceuli sarwmunoeba anandamaias qalur sawyiss warmoadgens. e. i. es vizualuri religia qaluri sawyisi yofila iluziuri realobis saukeTeso formiT gamovlinebulobisa.
sarwmunoeba ki, anandas qalur sawyiss warmoadgens. e. i.
igi qaluri sawyisi yofila iluziuri realobidan arsebul
WeSmarit, realur realobaSi gadasvlis saukeTeso formiT
gamovlinebisa.
vfiqrob, avtomaturad igulisxmeba is, rom, Tu es ori
cneba qaluri sawyisebis warmomadgenlebi arian, aucileblad iarsebeben sxva ori cnebac, romlebic mamakacuri sawyisebis warmomadgenlebi arian. es is cnebebia, romlebiskenac
Tavad iswrafvian religia da sarwmunoeba. vecdebi maqsimalurad kargad iyos es gadmocemuli da axsnili, rameTu es
uzarmazari daxmareba iqneba cxovrebis nebismier rTul momentSi amis gadaxedvis Semdeg nebismieri maRaleTikuri
cocxali arsebisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi, raRa Tqma unda, pirvel rigSi vgulisxmob Cems pirovnebas da Semdeg yvelas, visac es surs.
dakvirvebuli Tvali ukve SEeamCnevda da daafiqsirebda
or cnebas (Tu cnobier gagebas), romelTac anandas da anandamaias mamakacuri sawyisis gamomxatvelebad vTvli. esenia: yofiTkmaroba da TviTkmaroba.

yofiTkmaroba da TviTkmaroba
yofiTkmarobis mdgomareobis miRweva aris is saukeTeso
Sida mdgomareoba, rac ki saerTod arsebobs iluziuri realobiT mcxovrebi materializirebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis. is aris makontrolebeli da maregulirebeli saSualeba am arsebebisa, imisaTvis rom maT mier aRqmuli materialuri realoba obieqtur, maTTvis WeSmaritad da zedmiwevniT damsaxurebul, Sedegobriv realobad miiRon materialur samyaroSi materialuri sxeulis saSualebiT arsebobis
periodSi.
33

anandamaias donemde asuli adamianebi sakuTari yofiTkmarobis miREebis saSualebiT srulyofilad moaxerxeben daukmayofileblobis SegrZnebis daZlevas. maTTvis moTxovnilebebi sakuTari materialuri SesaZleblobebidan iqneba ukve gamomdinarebuli da ara piriqiT. faqtiurad, es sakuTari
`ego~-dan gamomdinarebul survilebTan gamklavebisa da maTi faqtobrivad aRmofxvris gamovlineba iqneba.
yofiTkmarobas miRweuli adamiani e. w. sakuTar survilebs, rogorc sakuTari individualizmis kosmosTan dapirispirebis tvirTs ixsnis da kosmiuri erTianobis ideis dapirispirebas Tavs anebebs, Tumca es mxolod materialuri
uzrunvelyofis, materialuri yofierebis doneze xdeba.
magram maTTvis, vinc WeSmaritad sZlia sakuTari `ego~dan momdinare survilebs, TavisSi aRmofxvra isini, yofiTkmaroba xelisSemSleli faqtori xdeba da sakuTar `me~-ze
ZaladobiT miRebul uazro asketizmSi gadaizrdeba. es Zalian rTuli gardamavali periodia am WeSmaritad diadi sulebis materialur samyaroebSi cxovrebis procesSi. Zalian
rTulia imaze iyo koncentrirebuli sakuTari survilebi ar
gagaCndes, magram Semdeg koncentrirde imaze, rom saWiro
survilebi gamoarCio arasaWiroTagan da maTi realizaciis
mcdelobebiT dakavde. saqmnelad ki ara warmoasadgenadac ki
Zalian rTulia.
ai, swored amis SeZlebisaTvis saWiroa da aucilebeli
TviTkmarobis miRweva. TviTkmarobis mdgomareobis miRweva
aris is saukeTeso Sida mdgomareoba, rac ki saerTod arsebobs materializirebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis iluziuri realobidan WeSmarit realobaSi gadasvliT mcxovrebi am
arsebebisaTvis. is aris idealuri makontrolebeli da maregulirebeli saSualeba am arsebebisa, imisaTvis, rom maT gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebebad gadaqceva SeZlon materialur samyaroSi materialuri sxeulis saSualebiT arsebobis periodSic ki.
anandas donemde asuli adamianebi TviTkmarobis mdgomareobis miRwevisa da, aseTad misi SenarCunebis saSualebiT,
srulyofilad moaxerxeben sakuTari sulieri WuWyis (`ego~s) srulad danaxvas zogad cnobieruli gadasaxedidan, sakuTari pirovnebis srul obieqtur Sefasebasa da im arsebuli
34

eTikur-esTetikuri WuWyisagan gan(r)wmenda-gaTavisuflebas, romlis gamoc mouxdaT materialur samyaroSi materialuri saxiT gamovlineba. isini Seimecneben da SeigrZnoben im
mdgomareobas, rac maT hqondaT dedis saSoSi (an Tundac lokaSi) Sesvlamde da, raRa Tqma unda, Tu `danaxvis~ uflebas
aniWebs kosmosi e. i. negatiurobis aRmofxvris potenciur
unars aZlevs. maT SeswevT unari materialur sxeulSi yofnis miuxedavad faqtiurad daimkvidron sulier samyaroSi
adgili, daimsaxuron iq dabruneba. ai, aseTi didi Zalisa da
wonadobis mqonea TviTkmarobis cneba da gageba da, raRa Tqma
unda, igi erTi TaviT maRla dgas yofiTkmarobis (pasiuri
aranegatiurobis) cnebasTan da gagebasTan.
TviTkmaroba miRweuli adamianis survilebi gangebis neba-survilebs zedmiwevniT emTxveva da icavs anu igi ukve aRaranair dapirispirebaSi aRar imyofeba kosmiuri erTianobis
miRwevis ideasTan. es materialuri cnobierebis, civilizirebulobis ganviTarebis doneze xdeba.
yofiTkmarobiT mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli, damkvidrebuli zogadi cnobierebis Secnoba da misi obieqturad Sefaseba xdeba. es yovelive ki xorcieldeba droebiT aqtiuri
qaoturi mimdinare cxovrebidan gasvliT (e. w. `sikvdiliT
sicocxleSi~). Tu matarebliT an maqaniT didi siCqariT miemgzavreba adamiani da fanjris minidan danaxuli teritoriis
seriozulad Seswavlas moindomebs, man aucileblad unda gaaCeros manqana (an matarebeli), CamoqveiTdes da neli intensiuri SeswavliT dakavdes ise, rom TiToeul buCqs, xes, balaxs, WianWvelas an nebismier raRacas, rac am teritoriaze
imyofeba aucileblad unda CauRrmavdes da gaugos (e. i. Seiyvaros). Semdeg ki maT cxovrebaSi ise unda Caeweros (TanacxovrebiT dakavdes maTTan), rom maT Cveulebriv yofier ganrigs sakuTari interesebis asrulebis gamo problemebi ar
unda Seuqmnas. is, vinc sakuTari `cxovrebis matarebels~
droebiT ar SeaCerebs, yofiTkmarobis miRwevas ubralod veranairad ver SeZlebs.
TviTkmarobiT ki sakuTar `me~-Si Tavdapirvelad (Casaxvamde) arsebuli zogadi cnobierebis aRdgena da misi obieqturi Sefaseba xdeba. es yovelive ki xorcieldeba gangebis
nebis aRqmiT sakuTar pirovnebasTan mimarTebaSi. es aris me35

ored dabadebulobis fenomenuri gamovlineba ukve materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier, misi cxovrebis matarebeli ukve sxva platformidan iwyebs svlas da imis sapirispiro mimarTulebiT moZraobs im `cxovrebis matarebelTan~ SedarebiT, romliTac igi moZraobda yofiTkmarobis miRwevamde.
TviTkmarobis mdgomareobaSi yofna sulieri gandegilobis miRwevis gamovlinebaa. individualuri sxeulis mier individualuri suli aRiqmeba misTvis samagaliTo da misabaZ
warmomadgenlobiT individualur gamovlinebulobad is bunebrivad ayenebs individualur suls, samSvinvels, sakuTar
mamoZravebel Zalas Tavis AaRqmaSi ierarqiulad Tavisze ufro maRal safexurze da, SeiZleba iTQQqvas, surs emsaxuros
mas, ise moiqces, rom Tavi moawonos, es ki ar moxdeboda individualur suls mTeli kosmiuri erTianoba, gangeba, araindividualizmis suli, yvelasi da yvelafris mamoZravebeli
Zala, Tavis aRqmaSi rom ar daeyenebina ierarqiulad Tavisze
ufro maRal safexurze da msaxurebrivi suliskveTebiT ar
ganmsWvaluliyo misdami. masac, Tavis mxriv, mxurvale survili aqvs ise moiqces, rom Tavi moawonos e. w. araindividualur suls.
aqve zogadi koncefcia minda Semovitano am sakiTxebTan
dakavSirebiT. rogorc individualuri suli moiqceva araindividualur sulTan mimarTebaSi, zustad iseve moiqceva individualuri sxeuli individualur sulTan mimarTebaSi.
vfiqrob, am terminebis gadaSifvrasa da dakonkretebas aq azri ara aqvs, isini isedac gamartivebulia da gasagebia, amitom
am wignSi am saqmianobiT ubralod aRar vTvli saWirod, rom
adgili davikavo.
TviTkmarobisa da yofiTkmarobis cnobier arsTa uzarmazari mniSvneloba, vfiqrob, naTlad aris warmoCinebuli am
nawilSi da sruliad sakmarisad da damakmayofileblad gadmoscems maT funqciur da realur gamovlinebul mniSvnelobas. isini Zalian didi wonadobis cnebebi brZandebian da maTi
jerovnad ar dafaseba didi Secdomaa.

36

I Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera

I Tavis mokle aRwerisas anandamaias aRar Sevexebi da mxolod anandaze rogorc Sedegobrivi mdgomareobis aRweraze
gavamaxvileb yuradRebas. amas ki imisTvis gavakeTeb mxolod
da mxolod, rom erTiani suraTi ufro TvalnaTeli gaxdes
Tu ra faseulobaa romlidan gamomdinare anu misi qvemdebare.
upirveles yovlisa unda aRiniSnos is, rom ananda sakuTar iniciativebze uaris Tqmis saqmeSi umaRles safexurs
warmoadgens. es Zalian rTulia, magram am SemTxvevaSi sasurvelia da sjobs sakuTar iniciativebze uaris Tqmis msurvelma swored am gadasaxedidan SeZlos am saqmeSi xelmZRvaneloba da danarCen oTx safexurs is ukve uproblemod gaarTmevs
TaAvs.
zogadad, anandas saSualebiT iluziuri realobidan arailuziur realobaSi gadasvla xdeba materialur samyaroSi
yofnis periodSi.
anandas dasakmayofileblad gardauvlad aucilebelia
da saWiro sulieri gandegilobis cnebis aRqma, SegrZneba da
realurad am mdgomareobis damkvidreba sakuTar pirovnebaSi. sulieri gandegilobis yvelaze saukeTeso ganmarteba
gaxlavT: sakuTari nebiT gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceulobis mdgomareoba.
sulier gandegilobas miRweuli adamiani garegnulad Zalian aqtiuri cxovrebis stiliT, komunikabelurobiT, uSualobiTa da gulwrfelobiT gamoirCeva. Sinaganad is materialur samyarosTan aranair kontaqtSi ar Sedis, magram es materializirebuli adamianebisaTvis Seucnobi xdeba. gverdidan is miiCneva rogorc yvelaze TAavisufali, damoukidebeli, misabaZi, saintereso da samarTliani adamiani.
sulieri gandegilobis ganStoebebs warmoadgenen TviTkmaroba da sarwmunoeba, rogorc misi mamakacuri da qaluri
sawyisis warmomadgenlebi.
TviTkmaroba, rogorc mamakacuri sawyisi, ufro warmosaxviT nawilTanaa kontaqtSi da sakuTari pirovnebis Sida
mdgomareobaSi gamomxatvel cnebad unda miviRo. is avtomaturad moiazrebs Sida gabalansebulobisa da gawonaswore37

bulobis, myudroebis mdgomareobas. ar aris aranairi dapirispireba kosmosis, gangebis miznebTan da neba-survilebTan,
sakuTar Sida cenzurasTan, romelic sindisis saxiT arsebobs nebismier materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi.
amavdroulad TviTkmaroba avtomaturad gulisxmobs
arastatikurobis, moqmedebis aucileblobasa da mudmiv analizs sakuTari pirovnebisa. erT patara eWvsac ki SeuZlia am
mdgomareobis droebiTi Seryeva. Tumca isic minda aRvniSno,
rom individualuri sxeulis mqone arsebisaTvis (anda, sxvanairad Tu vityviT, individualur sxeulSi myofi arsebisaTvis) TviTkmarobis miRweva udides miRwevad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.
sarwmunoeba, rogorc qaluri sawyisi, ufro gamosaxul
nawilTanaa kontaqtSi da sakuTari pirovnebis gare mdgomareobis gamomxatvel cnebad unda miviRo. is avtomaturad moiazrebs gare gawonasworebulobisa da myudroebis mdgomareobas. am SemTxvevaSi sakuTari pirovnebis mier TviYTgamovlineba gangebis mier darRveul nawilad miCneul, magram am
darRveulobis gamovlinebisTvis SesaZlo da misaReb, sazRvrebSi xorcieldeba. sakuTar gare cenzurasTan aranair
dapirispirebaSi ar modis es gamovlineba. gare cenzura ki
sircxvilis saxiT arsebobs nebismier materializirebul
cocxal arsebaSi.
ananda erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi nawilia am wignSi aRweril sxva Tavebs Soris gansakuTrebiT individualuri sxeulebis doneze ganxilvisas.

38

II TAavi
vijnana
sakuTari `me~-s iniciativaze uaris Tqmis
meore safexuri
gangebis mier CemTvis mowodebuli da Cemi `me~-s mier aRqmuli WeSmariti codna Sida Segnebis donidan uSualod Sida
SegrZnebis doneze aRqmulobaSi unda gadaviyvano da WeSmarit grZnobad gardavQqmna.
is cocxali arsebebi (adamianebi), romlebic anandasTvis
Sesabamis moTxovnebs jerovnad daakmayofileben, maTTvis
vijnanas moTxovnebis dakmayofileba didi problema ar iqneba. es daaxloebiT imas Camohgavs, rom me-5 klass vinc daamTavrebs karg, damakmayofilebel niSnebze, misTvis me-4 klasis masala avtomaturad aTvisebuli da ganvlili codna unda iyos. am masalasTan mimarTebaSi mTavaria es gonebis doneze aRqmuli codna uSualod grZnobis doneze aRqmulobaSi
gadaizardos, am tipis aRqmad gardaiqmnas.
erTgvari anonsis saxiT warmovadgen imas, rac pirveli
Tavis cxrilur monacemSia moyvanili da Semdgom am yvelafers mTeli am Tavis moculobiT nawilSi gaSlili saxiT warmovaCen.
vijnana gangebis mier moniWebuli uflebamosileba.
qvelmoqmedeba
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
mecniereba statuskvo pirobiTokultura statuskvo upirobiTobebis Sesruleba. Zalaufleba sakubebis dakmayofileba. Zalauflebaze
Tar `ego~-ze
uaris Tqma
vijnanamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli uflebamosileba.
angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofa
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
TviTgakerpeba statuskvo pirobikerpTayvanismcemloba statuskvo
TobebSi pozitiurobis Setanis
upirobiTobebSi arsebuli negatiumcdelobebi.
robis pozitiurobad aRqma. SeniRSeuniRbavi Zalaufleba
buli Zalaufleba

39

angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofa da qvelmoqmedeba

angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofisken swrafva vijnanamaias
pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. angarebis precendentis
warmoqmnis da sxvadasxvanairi formiT misi arsebobis mizezi
cocxali arsebis mier kosmosis, rogorc erTiani arsebis danawevrebis, sakuTAar aRqmaSi misi dayofis Sedegad xdeba. rac
ufro metad (met nawilad) moaxdens adamiani dayofasa da danawevrebas, miT meti iqneba masSi angarebiToba realurad
masSi arsebul Sida arsSi. TviTuzrunvelyofaze koncentrirebisa da zrunvis procesSi ki amis mcdeloba xdeba im danayofebis interesTAa ignorirebis xarjze, romelTa warmomadgenladac cocxali arseba TAavs ar miiCnevs. bunebrivia, rom
es avtomaturad warmoqmnis dapirispirebas am e. w. dayofil
nawilTa doneze. Semdgomad amisa warmoiqmneba interesTa seriozuli komfliqti, romelic Zalian xSirad (TiTqmis yovelTvis) omSi, brZolaSi, ZaladobiT sakuTari survilebis
dakmayofilebaSi gadaizrdeba xolme.
aq Zalian mniSvnelovania is sakiTxi ras miiCnevs cocxali
arseba TviTuzrunvelyofis TavisTvis gardauvlad aucilebel nawilad. erTaderTi ram, riTic SeiZleba angarebiTobis
Semcireba anu dayofis arasaWiroeba da, ufro metic, dayofis uazroba gaxlavT WeSmariti codnis SeZena. am codnis miRebis SemTxvevaSi TviTuzrunvelyofis cneba TaAvisdauneburad seriozul cvlilebas iwyebs cocxali arsebis Sida aRqmis doneze. absoluturad yvelafris, mTeli kosmiuri realobis erT arsebad (ara dayofilad) aRqmis SemTxvevaSi, angareba qreba da TviTuzrunvelyofaze zrunva mTlianad kargavs azrs, anu misi saWiroeba aRar arsebobs. es imitom xdeba,
rom cocxal arsebaSi absoluturad aRar da veRar iarsebebs
Sida dapirispireba. is sruliad uzrunvelyofili Seiqmneba
gangebis mier. gangebas am SemTxvevaSi ar davSli da ar davakonkreteb. mas gansazRvrav ase, es aris yvelaferi arsebulis
mmarTveli da mamoZravebuli Zala Tavisi araindividualuri
gamovlinebebiT, romelic ganagebs yovelives. swored igi
uzrunvelyofs im cocxal arsebas srulyofilad, romelic
SeZlebs gangebis qveS daqvemdebarebuli kosmiuri mTliani
`sxeulis~ erTian arsebad miREebasa da aRqmas. faqtiurad, es
40

iqneba sakuTari iniciativebiT qmedebaze uaris Tqma cocxali arsebis mier misTvis gangebis mier gansazRvrul garemoSi
TviTdamkvidrebis saqmianobaSi.
am mimarTulebiT warmatebuli cocxali arseba Tavisdauneburadac ki, bunebrivad uangaro gaxdeba. is Tavs daanebebs TviTuzrunvelyofaze zrunvas da gangebas miandobs sakuTari uzrunvelyofis sakiTxis gadaWras mTlianad. gangeba
ki, ATavis mxriv, uamravi raodenobis saSualebebiT auwyebs
ra akeTos, rodis, sad, risTvis, ratom, visTan, rogor da
ramdeni ZalisxmeviT moiqces.
faqtiurad, es vijnanamaiadan gasvlasa da vijnanaSi gadasvlas niSnavs. saWiro da sasurveli qvelmoqmedebisaken
swrafva vijnanas pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. aq SeiZleba iTqvas erTi Zalian mokle formulireba imisaTvis,
raTa aixsnas misi arsobrivi gamoxatuleba. ai, es frazac:
sxvaTaTvis WeSmaritad saWiro daxmarebis gaweviT sakuTar
pirovnebas vexmarebiT.
vfiqrob, aq isedac gasagebia, magram mainc aRvniSnav imas,
rom qvelmoqmedeba sastikad dauSvebelia Secodebaze bazirdebodes. yovlad dauSvebelia daxmareba gavuwio sxva cocxal arsebas misi survilis SesrulebaSi raimenairi (Tundac
yvelaze pasiuri formiT), Tuki es survilebi angarebiT TviTuzrunvelyofas emsaxureba da am tipis survilebidan momdinareobs. yvelaze didi qvelmoqmedi Tavad gangeba gaxlavT
da, odnav logikas Tu moviSveliebT, is Tavad daexmareboda
am cocxal arsebas im survilis SesrulebaSi, romlis SesrulebaSi daxmarebis survilic gamiCnda, Tu amas saWirod CaTvlida.
rac Seexeba imas, rom Tu amis gakeTeba (daxmareba) gangebam am cocxali arsebisaTvis Cemi saSualebiT moindoma, maSin
aqac ueWvelad unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli is momenti, rom
es am cocxali arsebis Cemsken momarTuli gulwrfeli Txovnis Semdgomad SeiZleba moxdes. samwuxarod, aqac ar aris
martivad saqme. Tu es cocxali arseba TamaSis xelovnebiT
mommarTavs, rogorc Teatris msaxiobi, ise, rom gonebiT akeTebs gulwrfelobis imitacias (profesionali maTxovrebi,
Tavis Semacodeblebi, satanuri bunebis mqoneni) am SemTxve-

41

vaSi, Cemi mxridan, miniWebuli daxmareba WeSmaritad uzarmazari Secdoma iqneboda.

erTob rTuli ram aris siqvelis, WeSmariti qvelmoqmedebis gaweva materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier. amis
WeSmaritad saWirod da sasurvelad gasakeTeblad WeSmaritad Semecnebuli da aRqmuli codnis WeSmritad Sinagani SegrZnebis doneze aRqmulobaSi gardaqmnaa saWiro. amis Sedegad Zalian martivdeba yovelive. anu cocxali arseba iZens
unars imisa, rom SeigrZnos rodis momdinareobs sxva cocxali arsebebidan tyuili da rodis simarTle.
rodesac cocxali arsebidan tyuili gamodis an dros misi goneba gulze zemoT ayenebs TAavis TAavs da, faqtiurad,
cdilobs iseTi ram gaakeTos, rac gulisaTvis sastikad miuRebelia. Tu cotaoden sentimentalur Sedarebas gavakeTebT, swored es iqneba cocxal arsebaSi satanis, eSmaki gamovlineba. is Segnebulad ityueba, eSmakobs da am eSmakobis
wyalobiT Tuki erYTxel gagakeTebinebT raimes, mas es meored, mesamed, meoTxed da mudmivad moundeba da misi survilis nebiT Tu uneburad Semsrulebeli mainc damnaSave iqneba, rameTu qvelmoqmedebis saxeliT am cocxal arsebaSi satanisa da eSmakis damkvidrebas Seewyo xeli da, realurad rom
iTqvas, tyuili waxalisda. realurad materialur samyaroSi
xom es wesi moqmedebs: ra saSualebac axerxebs miznis miRwevas warmatebulad, is xdeba popularuli e. i. waxalisebuli. vfiqrob, bevri mtkiceba ar sWirdeba imisaTvis vinc
amis gagebas moisurvebs, rom es qvelmoqmedebis maxinji formaa da, Tqven warmoidgineT, borotmoqmedebis erT-erT saxeobas warmoadgns saTnoebis saxeliT warweril saCuqrebis
yuTSi Cadebulsa da lamaz brWyviala qaRaldSi SefuTuls,
zemodan ki, lamazi zonriT Sexveuls, romelic yuTis SuaSi
bafTis formiT aris Sekruli.
rodesac cocxali arsebidan simarTle gamodis am dros
is sakuTar gonebas sakuTar guls uqvemdebarebs da, faqtiurad, cdilobs iseTi ram gaakeTos, rac gulisaTvis absoluturad misaRebia. Tu aqac analogiur sentimentalur Sedarebas gavakeTebT, swored es iqneba cocxal arsebaSi cxovelmyofelobis, RmerTis gamovlineba. is Segnebulad ambobs simarTles, bunebrivobiT imarTeba da am marTebulobis wya42

lobiT, gulwrfelobiT Tuki erTxel gagakeTebinebT raimes

(miiRebs Tqvengan daxmarebas) es meored, mesamed, meased da
mudmivad moundeba da misi survilis Semsrulebeli iqneba
pirdapir gangebis nebis saSualeba, rameTu qvelmoqmedebis
saSualebiT am cocxal arsebaSi sarwmuno vnebis da RvTisnierebis damkvidrebas SEuwyveT xeli da realurad simarTle
waaxaliseT. Tuki simarTle, rogorc saSualeba, moaxerxebinebs cocxal arsebebs miznis warmatebulad miRwevas,
maSin swored is gaxdeba popularuli e. i. waxalisebuli.
ai, aseTi, vfiqrob, warmatebulad gamartivebuli, advilad aRsaQqmeli saxiT SeiZleba warmoCindes vijnanas cnobieri arsi cocxal arsebebSi. samwuxarod Tu sabednierod, faqtia is, rom Tu cocxal arsebas anandas done aRqmuli, gaTavisebuli da SegrZnebuli ara aqvs, mas cocxali arsebebis Sinagani SegrZnebis aRqmis unari ar an TiTqmis ar eqneba. is,
faqtiurad ver SeZlebs gaarCios masTan urTierTobaSi Sesuli cocxali arsebebi ityuebian Tu simarTles gadmoscemen.
es imis gamo xdeba, rom daxmarebis surviliT anTebul cocxal arsebebs daxmareba imdenad ganuzomlad da angariSgauwevlad surT sxva cocxali arsebebisaTvis, rom imas saerTod ugulvebelyofen imsaxureben es ukanasknelebi am daxmarebas, Tu ara, anu isini daxmarebisTvis SerCeuli obieqtebis
obieqturi TvaliT danaxvas, obieqtur Sefasebas ar axdenen.
principSi, SeiZleba isic amoZravebdeT qvecnobierad, rom
Tavisi uangaro Tavganwirvis suliskveTebiT, am cocxal arsebebSi gulisxmierebasa da sulier siTbos gaaRviZeben, magram imas ver amCneven, miuxedavad uamravi mware tkivilisa
(sakuTari am midrekilebis Sedegad miRebulisa), rom gulismierebisa da sulieri siTbos gazrdisa da gamravelbis nacvlad gulgrilobisa da materialuri angarebis gazrdasa da
gamravlebas uwyoben xels am arsebebSi. Tu es cocxali arsebebi sakuTari iniciatividan momdinare brmad e. w. daxmarebaze (sinamdvileSi tyuilisa da aramzadobis xelis SEewyobaze)
uars ityvian da mxolod gangebis mier maTTvis Seqmnili situaciebis miyoliT dakmayofildebian, maT miecemaT Sansi
SeZlon WeSmaritad Seimecnon da aRiqvan vis unda daexmaron
da vis uTxran uari amaze, anu SeZlon jer obieqturad Seafa-

43

son TAavis garSemo myofi arseebebi da Semdgom, amisda Sesabamisad, imoqmedon maTTan mimarTebaSi.

kerpTayvanismcemloba da kultura
kerpTayvanismcemloba vijnanamaias igive angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofisTvis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi
nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi gangebis nebis mimarT
gulgriloba, uyuradReboba da gangebis nebasTan dapirispirebuli cocxali arsebebisadmi brma mijaWvuloba igulisxmeba. kerZod, gangebis nebasTan am dapirispirebuli cocxali arsebebis, faqtiurad, monuri daqvemdebarebis qveS moqceva swroed rom gangebis nebis mimarT uyuradRebobisa da
gulgrilobis Sedegad miiReba. es ki (uyuradReboba da gulgriloba), TavisTavad Sedegi xdeba imisa, rom cocxali arseba sulierad zarmacdeba, miRweuli SeZenili sulieri codniT kmayofildeba da uars acxadebs sulieri codnis axali
porciis miRebaze, romelsac gangeba upirobod avaldebulebs.
kerpTayvanismcemlebi sakuTari individualuri sxeulis
SesaZleblobebiT da am individualuri sxeulis `sarfianad
gayidvis~ mcdelobebiT arian dakavebulni. yvelaze cudi
ram, rac maTTan mimarTebaSi SeiZleba iTqvas, aris is, rom
isini calsaxad mxolod materialuri sxeulis yofierebis
uzrunvelyofaze mijaWvulobiT mTavrdeba xolme.
msxverplis mdgomareobaSi moxvedra kerpTayvanismcemlis Cveulebriv, bunebriv mdgomareobas warmoadgens. yvelaze martivi mizez-Sedegobrivi ganxilvis Sedegadac ki, es
daskvna Zalian martivi misaRebia. isini arian jaWvis is rgoli, romelzec xdeba angarebis ganxorcieleba. amavdroulad
paradoqsiviT Cans, magram faqtia, rom isini arian arsebebi,
romelTa saSualebiTac xdeba angarebiTi miznebis miRweva.
anu TviTgakerpebulebis erTi nawilis saSualebiT axdenen
kerpTayvanismcemlebis meore nawilis daSinebas, damorCilebas, TAavis SEexedulebebze gadayvanas da, Tu es ar gamova, ganadgurebasac ki. sxvaTa Soris, adre Tu gvian, iaraRad, saSualebad gamoyenebul kerpTayvanismcemlebs Tu isini angare44

biTi miznebis arc uSualod Tavad gamoyenebisTvis aRar miaCniaT sasurvelad da veRarc sxva kerpTayvanismcemlebTan
dapirispirebisTvis gamoiyenebian, TviTgakerpebulebi maT
Tavadve ubralod anadgureben an `nagavze~ yrian.
vidre TviTgakerpebulis mier nawyalobev samsaxurSi imyofebian kerpTayvanismcemlebi maTTvis kerpis mier miniWebuli ZalauflebiT tkbebian. es SeniRbuli Zalauflebaa,
rac maT ubralod aiZulebT mudmivad tyuilSi amyofon sakuTari Tavi anu iZulebulebi arian goneba gulze zeviT daayenon da sakuTari gulisaTvis sastikad radikalurad miuRebeli raRaceebi akeTon.
statuskvo anu momdinare realobaSi gangebis mier obieqtur realobaSi misaReb upirobiTobebSi arsebuli negatiurobis pozitiurobad monaTvla, Ddarqmeva da miReba gaxlavT
is mizezi, ris gamoc cocxali arseba kerpTayvanismcemlad
gadaiqceva xolme.
imisaTvis, rom cocxali arseba am WaobSi ar AaRmoCndes
ubralod aucilebelia aravis da arafris gamo ar gaemijnos
sakuTar gulisTqmas, anu goneba ar unda daayenos gulze zemoT. amisaTvis man srulad unda miiRos is obieqturi realoba, rac sufevs iq, sadac is imyofeba. TAavad amis misaRwevad
ki, cocxali arseba srulad unda dakmayofildes imiT, rasac
mas uboZebs da rasac ganusazRvravs gangeba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi igi ganwirulia kerpTayvanismcemlad gadaqceulobisaTvis.
Tu cocxali arseba am CamoTvlil pirobaTa jerovnad
Sesrulebas SeZlebs, amiT Tavs daaRwevs vijnanamaias qalur
sawyiss da vijnanas qalur sawyisSi SeZlebs gadasvlas.
kultura vijnanas igive qvelmoqmedebis qaluri sawyisis
warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. is Tavis arsobriv datvirTvaSi
gangebis nebisaTvis angariSisgawevas da gangebis nebis dapirispirebul cocxal arsebebTan kontaqtSi ar Sesvlas (an kotaqtis gardauvlobis SemTxvevaSi mkacri principebis dacvas) gulisxmobs. kerZod, gangebis nebisTvis angariSis gaweva
Tavad cocxal arsebas gangebis mfarvelobas mianiWebs imaSi,
rom gangebis nebis dapirispirebulma cocxalma arsebebma misi TavianT daqvemdebarebaSi moqceva ubralod ver SeZlon.
amas isini veranairad ver moaxerxeben, Tu masSi sakuTari ini45

ciativiT provocirebuli angarebiTi survilebi ar iarsebeben materialuri yofierebis imaze metad misaRebad, vidre es
mas gangebam mianiWa da ganusazRvra. ufro metic, es TviTgakerpebuli pirebi imasac Seecdebian, rom TaAvianT daqvemdebarebaSi arsebuli kerpTayvanismcemlebi ar miuqsion maT,
radgan Tavisdauneburad eqnebaT SiSi imisa, rom es miqseulebi ar moixiblon gangebis nebis gAaTvaliswinebiT mcxovrebi
cocxali arsebiTa da maT monur suliskveTebaSi bzari ar
gaCndes. is marTalia, rom am cocxal arsebebs materialur
samyaroSi materializacia imitom mouwiaT, rom miRweuli
SeZenili codniT dakmayofildnen da gangebis nebis mier miwodebuli axali sulieri codnis porciis miRebiTa da aTvisebiT ar dainteresdnen, magram... aq am materialur samyaroSi
es realoba sulieri codnis TvalsazrisiT SEeiZleba miviRoT rogorc SeCerebuli wami, sadac aucilebelia ukve Secnobili sulieri codnis ganuxrelad dacva da Tu cocxali
arseba am ukve SeZenil codnaSi arafers daarRvevs vijnanas
qaluri sawyisis dacvas WeSmritad SeZlebs anu am calsaxad
pasiuri saqmianobis miuxedavadac ki, ar moxvdeba dapirispirebaSi gangebasTan.
kultura e. w. kultebis erTobliobis gamovlinebas warmoadgenen. es kultebi materialur samyaroSi sxvadasxva saxiT warmodgenili gamovlinebebia, romlebic im sulieri
codnis esTetiur-zneobriv gamovlinebas warmadgenen, romlebic ukve miiRo da daamkvidra gangebam sulier samyaroSi.
kulturis miyolis saSualebiT arapirdapir, ase vTqvaT,
iribad, magram mainc xdeba cocxali arsebis mier mTels arsebul realur erTian samyaroSi miRebuli da damkvidrebuli sulieri codnis dacva. kulturis WeSmaritad mimyol
cocxal arsebaTa umTavresi damaxasiaTebeli niSan-Tviseba
Zalauflebaze uaris Tqmaa misi nebismieri formiTa da saxiT.
statuskvo anu mimdinare realobaSi gangebis mier obieqtur realobaSi misaRebi upirobiTobebis aragamrudebulad
dakmayofileba gaxlavT is ZiriTadi mizezi, risi saSualebiTac cocxali arseba SeZlebs kulturis cnebis srulyofilad dacvas da dakmayofilebas.

46

kulturis ganyofilebaSi gadasuli cocxali arsebebi

Zalian mravalferovani saqmianobiT SeiZleba iyvnen dakavebulni. yvelaze didi pliusi ki, gaxlavT is, rom kultura veranairad ver iqneba TviTgakerpebulTa Zalauflebis qveS,
rameTu igi Tavad gangebis Zaluflebis qveS imyofeba. Tumca
amJamad rac xdeba dedamiwaze, Tavisulad SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom vinaidan misi daqvemdebareba ar ZaluZT, demonuri bunebis mqone arsebebma kuturis mospoba da dangreva gadawyvites. Tumca arc es momxdara gangebis nebis gareSe, ra Tqma unda, rameTu materialur samyaroSic ki ukve gardauvlad aucilebeli gaxda kulturis doneze gadatanili sulieri
codnis realur pirvelwyarod anu im sulier codnad gardaqmna, romelsac erTgvari qaragmuli, alegoriuli saxiT
gadmoscemda es ukanaskneli (kultura).
raSi gamoixateba kulturis ngreva? es gamoixateba uxsovari warsulidan aRiarebuli avtoritetebis saxelebis SebRalvaSi, gaSarJebaSi, sayovelTao cinizmis aRzevebaSi, siwminded gamocxadebuli cnebebisa Tu materializirebul siwmindeTa dacinvisa da gauqmebis mcdelobebSi, primitivizmis
gandidebaSi, tradiciebis SeviwroebaSi, abstraqtuli saTayvanebeli cnebebisa da cnobierebis (siyvarulis, megobrobis,
sixarulis, mSvidobis, sulgrZelobis da a. S.) konkretuli
materialuri pragmatuli gagebis donemde dayvanaSi, usircxvilobisa da garyvnilebis uzomod waxalisebaSi da a. S. da
a. S.
samwuxarod, es Zalian rTuli gasagebi aRmoCnda adamianebisaTvis da, faqtiurad veravin SeZlo alRo aeRo amisaTvis da kulturis mimdevrebi dRes im wyalwaRebulebs ufro
momageneben xavss rom eWidebian, Tumca isic SeiZleba Tavisuflad iTqvs, rom maT namdvilad aRemateba amis gakeTEeba, am
kategorias, ra Tqma unda, Tu isini amas moindomeben mxolod
Cemnairi cocxali arsebebi SeZeleben rom daexmaron. amJamad, mxolod am tipis codnis miRebasa da AaRqmaSia xsna da gamosavali, romelic maT kerpTayvanismcemlebad gadaqcevisagan gadaarCens. kerZod, vinc anandas qaluri sawyisisken ar
mimarTavs Tavis gulisTqmasa da mzeras anu sarwmunoebisaken (da ara vizualuri religiisaken) maTi xsna me piradad
araTu Znelad, faqtiurad SeuZlebAladac ki mimaCnia.
47

miuxedavad am tendenciisa, aucileblad minda aRvniSno,

rom yovelTvis iarsebebs patara kunZuli mainc, romelic
kulturis WeSmarit mimdevrebs Seifarebs.

TviTgakerpeba da mecniereba
TviTgakerpeba vijnanamaias angarebiTYi TviTuzrunvelyofis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis
arsobriv datvirTvaSi gangebis nebis gamovlinebulobasTan
dapirispireba, kritikuli midgoma da gangebis nebis mimarT
gulgrili, uyuradRebo, cocxal arsebebze sakuTari Sexedulebebis nebismieri saSualebebiT Tavze moxveva igulisxmeba. kerZod, materialur samyaroSi materialuri sxeulis
saxiT yofna (anu materialur sxeulSi Casaxleba) swored
rom gangebis nebis gamovlinebasTan dapirispirebis, kritikuli midgomis Sedegad miiReba anu es cocxali arseba araTu
uyuradRebod, gulgrilad udgeba gangebis nebas, aramed
zedmet gulmodginebasac ki iCens sakuTari iniciativis gamovlinebis mcdelobis saxiT. materializirebis Semdgom ki,
es materializirebuli cocxali arseba gangebis nebis mimarT uyuradRebo materialur cocxal arsebebze im sakuTari Sexedulebebis Tavze moxvevas iwyebs, romelTa gamoc igi
moxvda materialur samyaroSi.
TviTgakerpebuli sakuTari individualuri sxeulebis
SesaZleblobebiTa da am individualuri sxeulebisaTvis maqsimaluri Zalauflebis mopovebis surviliT, mcdelobebiT
arian dakavebulni. yvelaze cudi ram, rac maTTan mimarTebaSi SeiZleba iTqvas aris is, rom isini calsaxad mxolod materialuri sxeulis cnobierebis uzrunvelyofis surviliT
arian ganmsWvalulni rac, saboloo jamSi, materialuri cnobierebis uzrunvelyofaze mijaWvulobiT mTavrdeba xolme.
msxverplis maZieblis, monadiris, Zalmomreobis mdgomareobaSi sakuTari pirovnebis Cayeneba TviTgakerpebulis bunebriv mdgomareobas warmoadgens. isini arian jaWvis is rgoli, romlidanac xdeba angarebis ganxorcieleba. isini ara
marto Tavad cdiloben angarebiTi survilebis warmoCinebasa da ganxorcielebas, aramed yovelnairad cdiloben TAavis
48

daqvemdebarebaSi moqceuli cocxali arsebebic (msxverplni)

am angarebiTi survilebis warmoCinebisa da ganxorcielebis
suliskveTebiT damuxton da rogorme nebismieri saSualebiT moandomon amiT cxovreba.
vidre kerpTayvanismcemlebs sakuTari Zalauflebis qveS
amyofeben TviTgakerpebulebi, sakuTari ZalauflebiT tkbebian. es SEeuniRbavi, aSkara Zalauflebaa, romelic maT aiZulebT mudmivad daSinebul mdgomareobaSi amyofon daqvemdebarebulebi, raTa maT gaTavisufleba da damoukidebloba ar
moindomon amaTgan anu iZulebulebi arian sruli uari Tqvan
gulisxmierebis raime Tundac umciresi gamovlinebis SEesmenaze da mTlianad gonebis karnaxiT, faqtiurad, absoluturad yvelafris, yvela niuansis winaswar dagegmarebiTa da
gaTvliT imoqmedon.
statuskvo anu mimdinare realobaSi gangebis mier obieqtur realobaSi misaReb pirobiTobebSi arsebuli negatiurobis aRmofxvris mcdelobebi gaxlavT is mizezi, ris gamoc
cocxali arseba Tavs gaikerpebs xolme anu TviTgakerpebulad gardaiqmneba.
imisaTvis, rom TviTgakerpebis mdgomareobidan Tavi daaRwios cocxalma arsebam gangebis nebis mier gamovlinebul
realobasTan dapirispirebas, kritikul midgomas faqtiurad mTlianad unda daaRwios Tavi. realurad es cocxal arsebaSi gamoixateba imiT, rom gonebiT yvelanairi saxis winaswar gaTvlasa da dagegmarebas momavalSi Sesaqmneli situaciebisa Tavi unda daanebos da mimdinare wamis ubralod miyoliT unda daiwyos cxovreba. is TaAvad unda daeqvemdebaros gangebis mier Camoyalibebul Sexedulebebs. ra Tqma unda, imis Semdgom, rac is CauRrmavdeba, miiRebs, gaiziarebs,
aRiqvams da daemorCileba maT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi igi
TviTgakerpebiT gaagrZelebs cxovrebas da amisda gamo demonur bunebas ver moicilebs. igi aTasi ubedurebebis wyaro iqneba.
Tu cocxali arseba am CamoTvlili pirobebis jerovnad
Sesrulebas SeZlebs amiT Tavs daaRwevs vijnanamaias mamakacur sawyiss da vijnanas mamakacur sawyisSi SeZlebs gadasvlas.

49

mecniereba vijnanas igive qvelmoqmedebis mamakacuri

sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. is Tavis arsobriv datvirTvaSi gangebis nebis gamowvlilviT Seswavlas, dacvas da
gangebis nebis mimarT gulgrilad da uyuradRebod ganwyobil cocxal arsebebTan urTierTobebisas ki sakuTar Sexedulebebad qceuli gangebis Sexedulebebis ara sakuTari
iniciativiT miwodebas gulisxmobs. gangebis nebis zogadcnobierul, SexedulebaTa doneze WeSmaritad Seswavla da
gaTaviseba materualur samyaroSi dabrunebul materializirebul cocxal arsebas sulier samyaroSi dabrunebis uflebas mianiWebs. es maTi viza iqneba Sin dabrunebisa. amas isini ver moaxerxeben, vidre sakuTari iniciativiT gangebasTan,
mis pirad warmomadgenlebTan dapirispirebas, araobieqtur
kritikas Tavs ar daanebeben da morCili Tayvaniscemis suliskveTebiT ar ganimsWvalebian maTTan mimarTebaSi. Semdgom amis miRwevisa ki, isini sulierad gazarmacebul cocxal arsebebSi, Tavisdauneburadac ki, SeZleben srulyofilebisken swrafvis sruvilis gaRviZebas, anu `sulieri gazarmacebis~ avadmyofobis gankurnebas AmaTSi.
faqtobrivad, mecnierebis WeSmariti mniSvneloba, am wignis Sesabamisi donis gadasaxedidan, gangebis nebis mier dasamkvidrebeli da damkvidrebuli WeSmaritebis zogad cnobieruli da fundamenturi Sexedulebebis doneze gamowvlilviT morCili TayvaniscemiT ganmsWvaluli Seswavla yofila.
mecnierebis am formaciuli gagebis WeSmaritad mimyolni
sakuTar `ego~-ze sruli Zalauflebis aRebis, mopovebis
mcdelobebiT arian dakavebulni. faqtiurad, isini sakuTari
individualuri sulisTvis Sesabamisi saWiro da aucilebeli
sulieri cnobierebis uzrunvelyofis surviliT arian ganmsWvalulni, rac saboloo jamSi sulieri cnobierebis uzrunvelyofaze mijaWvulobiT mTavrdeba xolme da erTgvarad am mijaWvulobisagan gaTAavisuflebiT sxva cocxal arsebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebTanac amis gakeTeba WeSmaritad
Rirs, maTi sulieri yofierebis uzrunvelyofis mcdelobebiT kavdebian.
statuskvo anu mimdinare realobaSi gangebis mier obieqtur realobad miRebuli pirobiTobebis upirobod miReba da
50

gacnobiereba gaxlavT is mizezi, romelic TviTgakerpebas

mecnierebaSi gadaiyvans, gadazrdis da saboloo jamSi mTlianad gardaqmnis amad (`me~-s cnobierebad).
ase da amgvarad, mecniereba xdeba qvelmoqmedebis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili. TviTgakerpebulis mimarT es qvelmoqmedeba gamovlindeba gangebis mxridan,
Tu adresati WeSmaritad mihyveba sakuTar keTilis myofels,
xolo kerpTayvanismcemlisaTvis qvelmoqmedeba gamoixateba
yofili TviTgakerpebulis mier misi sulieri gaRviZebiT.
Tu mecniereba mudmivad ar asazrdovebs kulturas, ar
axdens masSi warsulis ufro obieqtur Sefasebasa da momavalSi axlis Semotanisa da damkvidrebis pozitiur provocirebas, es ukanaskneli (kultura), ubralod masazrdoebeli
energiis ar qonis gamo, nel-nela daWknobasa da kvdomas daiwyebs. sxvaTaSoris, am tipis mecnierebis gamovlinebis precendenti dREevandel realobaSi Zalian iSviaTobaa. arada
swored rom es aris upirvelesi mniSvenlobis aucileblobis
da saWiroebis sagani. faqtiurad, Cemda sabednierod, piradad me, swored aseTi tipis mecnierebis Zalian seriozuli
miyoliT da masSi serozuli Sida arsobrivi garkvevis mcdelobebiT var dakavebuli. rameTu es, gangebisTvis msaxurebis
survils da misTvis saWiro da sasurveli saqmianobis keTebis unaris SeZenas niSnavs, maSin, rodesac swored gangebis
gadasaxedidan, es Cemi mecadineobebi misTvis, ase Tu ise,
met-naklebad damakmayofilebeli gaxdeba, aucileblad moaxdens Cemi saSualebiT im yovelives ESEemotanas, rac am mecadinebobebis procesSi SEeiQqmna da Tavad me ki, srul mfarvelobaSi mamyofebs, damamkvidrebs Tundac am gadagvarebul
garemoSi ise, rom verc erTma znedacemulma cocxalma arsebam araTu zianis moyeneba, ubralod, moaxlovebac ki ver SeZlos CemTan mimarTebaSi sakuTari boroti ganzraxvis gansaxorcieleblad.
garegnulad gamovlinebul doneze ki, am saxiT gamoxatuli mecniereba (da sityvaze vTqvaT, me, rogorc am gamoxatuli mecnierebis erT-erTi warmomadgeneli) arsebuli kulturis araTu SenarCunebis, aramed ufro metad da Zalian seriozulad gazrdis da gakeTilSobilebis idealuri saSualeba iqneba. is niRabs Camoxsnis TviTgakerpebulebs, yalb
51

fsevdoZalauflebas, brWyviala tanisamosiTa da TAvisive gamogonili CinebiTa da medlebiT Semosils. TviT gardauvali
komfliqtis SemTxvevaSic ki, gangebis uSualo daxmarebisa
da Sewevnis meSveobiT is gaanadgurebs Zaladobas Tu es SEeuZlebeli iqneba, rom acilebul iqnas.
me yovelTvis msurda Cavwvdomodi mecnierebis cnebis
cnobier, funqcionalur arss da ai, axla, SEeiZleba iTqvas,
rom namdvilad kmayofili var im arsobrivi ganmartebebiTa
da gansazRvrebebiT, rac vijnanas mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiT nawilSi iqna gaxsnili da dafiqsirebuli. piradad Cemi pirovnebisaTvis es uzarmazar warmatebad mimaCnia
da uaRresi madlierebiTa da mokrZalebiT minda Tayvani vce
gangebasa da mis yvela pirad warmomadgenels am didi pativisaTvis, rac maT maRirses.
II Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera
II Tavis mokle aRwerisas vijnanamaias aRar Sevexebi da
mxolod vijnanaze rogorc DSedegobrivi mdgomareobis aRweraze gavamaxvileb yuradRebas. amas ki, imisaTvis gavakeTeb
mxolod da mxolod, rom erTiani suraTi ufro TvalnaTeli
gaxdes ra faseuloba romlidan gamomdinarea da romeli sad
gadanawildeba. vijnana sakuTar iniciativebze uaris Tqmis
saqmeSi erT-erT umNniSvnelovanes, kerZod III safexurs warmoadgens. unda aRiniSnos is, rom anandas WeSmaritad dakmayofilebis gareSEe am safexuris srulyofilad dakmayofileba
Zalian Zneli saqme iqneboda.
zogadad vijnanas saSualebiT WEeSmaritad iluziis WeSmariti realobisagan gamijvna xdeba. es ori ram erTurTisagan
gayofilad Camoyalibdeba da maTi erTmaneTSi aRar gadarevis
aucilebeli dacva umartivesi Tezisis doneze daiyvaneba.
vijnanas dasakmayofileblad gardauvlad aucilebelia
da saWiro qvelmoqmedebis cnebis WeSmaritad aRqma, SegrZneba da realurad amis qmnis unaris gamomuSaveba sakuTar pirovnebaSi.
qvelmoqmedebis cnebis yvelaze saukeTeso ganmarteba
gaxlavT: sakuTari keTili nebiT gangebis nebis realizaciis
Secnobasa da gaTavisebis mdgomareobaSi gadasuloba.
52

qvelmoqmedebis WeSmarit dones miRweuli adamiani mravalmxrivi interesebis Rrma da xarisxiani dakmayofilebis
surviliT gamoirCeva. Sinaganad is materialur samyarosTan
da mis warmomadgelebTan imxelaze Sedis kontaqtSi, ramxelazec am ukanasknelTa mxridan uSualod Txovna da mimarTva
momdinareobs. gverdidan is miCenulia rogorc inteleqtuali.
qvelmoqmedebis ganStoebebs warmoadgenen mecniereba da
kultura, rogorc misi mamakacuri da qaluris sawyisis warmoamdgenlebi.
mecniereba, rogorc mamakacuri sawyisi, ufro momaval,
jer ar ganxorcielebul movlenebTanaa dakavSirebuli, romlebic gangebis gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze ueQWvelad iqneba damkvidrebuli. is moiazrebs gangebis nebis, dasamkvidrebeli WeSmaritebis, gardauvlad mosasvleli movlenebis maqsimalurad dawvrilebiT da kompetentur kvleva-Zeiebas. aq
mTAvaria sakuTari iniciativis CarTviT zedmeti mcdeloba ar
iqnas gamovlenili nebismieri mimarTulebiT, sadac kvlevaZieba mimdinareobs, Torem necniereba myiseulad TviTgakerpebaSi gadaizrdeba.
kultura, rogorc qaluri sawyisi, ufro warsul, ukve
ganxorcielebul movlenebTanaa dakavSirebuli, romlebic,
gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebiT da gangebis gadawyvetilebebis safuZvelze, ukve damkvidrda. is moiazrebs gangebis nebis, rogorc damkvidrebuli WeSmaritebis, obieqturi
realobis maqsimalurad dawvrilebiT da koreqtul midgomas. aq sakuTari iniciativiT raRaca detali, an movlena an
pirovneba an kidev ra vici ra, zedmetad ar iqnas Sefasebuli,
Torem kultura myiseulad gadaizrdeba kerpTayvanismcemlobaSi.
sxvaTaSoris, SEemdgomi ori safexuri pirdapir gamomdinareobs vijnanadan anu mecniereba iyofa or Stod, esenia Semecneba da garemos Secnoba. agreTve, Tavis mxriv, kultura
iyofa or Stod, esenia funqcionaluri religia da Semoqmedeba. rac SEeexeba me-5 safexurs, is ufro e. w. Sedegobrivobis
maCvenebelia sakuTari saqmianobisa.

53

III TAavi
mano
sakuTari `me~-s iniciativaze uaris Tqmis
mesame safexuri
kategoriulad winaaRmdegi unda viyo, Tavadve Cemi sakuTari Semoqmedebis gatanisa sakuTari, anu Cemi `me~-s iniciativiT.
vijnanasa da, miT umetes, anandas moTxovnebis damkmayofileblebi sruliad uproblemod SeZleben manos Sesabamis
moTxovnaTa Sesrulebas. am, mesame TAavSi, warmovadgen manomaias TAavisi centraluri da ganStoebiTi faseulobrivi sistemuri gamiT da, raRa Tqma unda, am TAavis umTavresi nawilis
manos, TaAvisi centraluri da ganStoebiTi faseulobrivi
sistemuri gamiT.
maS ase, am ori sistemis mokle cxriluri monaxazi Semdegnairad gamoiyureba.
mano gangebis mier dakisrebuli pasuxismgebloba.
Sinagani sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi. (asketizmi)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
Semecneba pirobiTobebis ar Semofunqciuri religia upirobiTobis
tana
ar gazrda
manomaia sakuTri iniciativiT aRebuli pasuxismgebloba.
materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi.
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
garegani qaosi Semotanili pirobigaregani wesrigi Semotanili upiTobebis ayola
robiTobebs mijaWveba

manomaias da manos SedarebiTi daxasiaTEbis fonze SesaZlebeli gaxdeba TviTrealizaciis TemasTan materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis ganxilva da realurad imis danaxva
da gagoneba, Tu ra saWiroa sakuTar iniciativebze uaris
Tqma am mesame safexurze. es aris umniSvnelovanesi nawili
urTierTobebisa da gasakeTilSobileblad, rogorc sulieri ise materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis TvalsazrisiT.

54

materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi da

sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi
materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebisken swrafva manomaias pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. materialuri
TviTrealizaciis warmoqmnis da sxvadasxvanairi formiT misi arsebobis mizezi cocxali arsebis mier masSi arsebuli
`ego~-s gamovlinebisa da dakmayofilebis survilis warmoqmnis Sedegad Cndeba. rac ufro metad moaxdens adamiani sakuTari pirovnebis `ego~-ze koncentracias, miT meti iqneba
masSi materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis survilebi da
maTi realizaciis mcdelobebi.
calke sakiTxad minda ganvixilo is, Tu ra iwvevs materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier `ego~-ze koncentrirebas, Tu ratom xdeba arsebobis umTavresi da, faqtiurad, erTaderTi mizani rogorc interesebis sagani materialuri
sxeuli. amis mizezi ori erTmaneTisagan radikalurad gansxvavebuli strategiuli midgoma gaxlavT. esenia: a) pasiuroba sakuTari misiis Sesabamisi funqcionaluri anu sulieri sakiTxebis SEemecnebisa da aRqmis saqmeSi, agreTve midrekileba sakuTari misiis Sesabamisi vizualuri anu materialuri, ukve SEemecnebuli da aRqmuli sakiTxebis darRvevaSi,
rac pirovnebaSi pasiuri cxovrebis Sedegad warmoqmnili e. w.
vakuumis Semdgom gardauvlad warmoiqmneba. b) Warbi aqtiuroba sakuTari misiis Sesabamisi funqcionaluri anu sulieri sakiTxebis Semecnebisa da aQRqmis saQqmeSi, agreTve midrekileba sxva pirovnebebisaTvis sakuTari misiis Sesabamisi vizualuri anu materialuri, ukve Semecnebuli da aRqmuli sakiTxebis darRvevinebaSi, rac pirovnebaSi zedmetad aqtiuri
cxovrebis Sedegad warmoqmnili e. w. vakuumis saerTod ar
arsebobis mcdelobis, vakuumis srulad gamoyenebisa da
TaAvisdauneburad aRmofxvris surviliT gardauvlad warmoiqmneba.
e. i. zogadad, `ego~-s warmoqmnisa da, Semdgom amisa, maszed koncentrirebis fenomeni an e. w. pasiurobis Sedegad
warmoiqmneba, romelic TavisTavad warsulSi cocxali arsebis arsebobis periodSi raRacaze an ufro metwilad viRacaze mijaWvulobis logikur Sedegs warmoadgens an e. w. Warbi
55

aqtiurobis Sedegad warmoiqmneba, romelic TavisTavad momavalSi cocxali arsebis arsebobis periodSi viRacaze an
ufro metwilad raRacaze mijaWvulobis logikuri Sedegi
gaxlavT.
mas, visac Cemnairad seriozulad da srulad surs TavisSi arsebuli `ego~-s srulad, mTlianad povna, aRnusxva, aRwera da Semdgom, misgan gaTavisufleba aq moyvanili miTiTebebi misTvis fasdaudebeli unda iyos Cemi SexedulebiT. faqtiurad, aq laparakia imaze, Tu rogor vipovo Cems pirovnebaSi arsebuli `ego~.
`ego~ CemSi iseve rogorc nebismier materializirebul
cocxal arsebaSi ori Sida kvleviTi midgomiT SeiZleba gamoviZio da amovicno.
pirveli midgoma mdgomareobs imaSi, rom unda davakvirde
imas vin an ra warmoadgens CemTvis garegani wesrigis zedmiwevniT dacvis miznobriv Sedegs anu raSi vemorCilebi e. w.
ganrigs, romelic CemSi aucileblad miyolisa da dacvis rangSi ayvanili da imdenad bunebrivad maqvs miCneuli, rom misi
gadaxedvis survilic da mcdelobac ki, araTu arasaWirod,
uazrobadac ki mimaCnia. es iqneba Cemi `me~-s qalur sawyisSi
arsebuli `ego~-s raoba TAavisi xarisxiTac da raodenobiTac.
meore midgoma mdgomareobs imaSi, rom unda davakvirde
imas vin da ra warmoadgens CemTvs garegani qaosis warmoqmnis
da ugonod, spontanurad, brmad miyolis miznobriv Sedegs.
anu raSi vemorCilebi e. w. hipoTezebs, romlebic CemSi aRqmulia rogorc erTaderTi marTebuli da idealuri realoba momavalSi damkvidrebisaTvis gankuTvnili da esec imdenad bunebrivad maqvs miCneuli, rom misi gadaxedvis mcdelobasac ki mwyobridan gamovyavar (Tu vinme Cems garemocvaSi
amas moindomebs). es iqneba Cemi `me~-s mamakacur sawyisSi arsebuli `ego~-s raoba TAavisi xarisxiTa da raodenobiT.
anu erTaderTi gza materializirebuli cocxali arsebis `ego~-sgan gaTavisuflebisa mdgomareobs imaSi, rom man,
rogorc materialurma sxeulma, sruliad unda daanebos
TAavi sakuTari iniciativiT izrunos warsulSi arsebuli (misi warsulidan momdinare) misTvis viRacis an raRacis, Tundac uZvirfasesis SenarCunebaze, ar dakargavaze Tavisi qaluri sawyisiT. xolo Tavisi mamakacuri sawyisiT materiali56

zirebuli arsebis materialurma sxeulma sruliad unda daanebos TAavi sakuTari iniciativiT momavalSi raRacis dagegmarebas winaswar gaTvaliswinebas. amis mxedvelobaSi ar miReba ueWvelad gamoiwvevs e. w. Warb aqtiurobas, ris Sedegad
aucilebeli gaxdeba e. w. neitralizaciis reaqciebi, romlis
yvelaze Zlier saSualebasac materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis, seqsualuri aqtis Catarebis procesi warmoadgens.
es cotaodeni ram materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobis
Sesaxeb. axla ki, minda gadavide imaze, Tu rogori unda iyos
mopyroba sakuTar pirovnebaSi aRmoCenil `ego~-sTan mimarTebaSi anu gadaval sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis
garSEemo arsebuli sakiTxebis raobaze. `ego~-sTan muSAoba Zalian faqiz mopyrobas moiTxovs da am muASaobis procesSi nebismieri mkveTri moqmedebac ki ar aris sasurveli. amis WeSmaritad saWirod da sasurvelad ganxorcieleba mxolod da
mxolod sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis saSualebebiT
aris SesaZlebeli da meti verafriT.
sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebisken swrafva manos
pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. sulieri TviTrealizaciis warmoqmnis da sxvadasxvanairi formiT misi arsebobis
mizezi cocxali arsebis mier masSi arsebuli `me~-s gamovlinebisa da siamovnebis miniWebis survilis warmoqmnis Sedegad
Cndeba. rac ufro metad moaxdens adamiani sakuTari pirovnebis `me~-ze koncentracias, miT meti iqneba masSi sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis survilebi da maTi realizaciis
mcdelobebi.
rogor ucnauradac ar unda JRerdes, aqac, manoSic gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba sakuTari `me~-s mxridan momdinare iniciativebze uaris Tqmas anu araindividualizmze
koncentrirebas eniWeba gadamwyveti mniSvneloba.
minda Camovayalibo is, Tu risi saSualebiT xdeba materializirebuli cocxali arsebis `me~-ze koncentrireba, Tu
riTi xdeba arsebobis umTavresi da faqtiurad, erTaderTi
mizani rogorc interesis sagani sulieri sxeuli (individualuri suli, ). es saSualeba, nairsaxeobrivad Tu ganvixilavT, sul ori iqneba:

57

a) pasiurobidan aqtiurobaSi gadasvla sakuTari misiis

Sesabamisi funqcionaluri anu sulieri sakiTxebis SEemecnebisa da aRqmis saqmeSi. agreTve midrekileba sakuTari misiis
Sesabamisi vizualuri anu materialuri, anu jer ver Semecnebuli da aRqmuli da darRveuli saxiT warmodgenili realobis gasworebaSi. es iwvevs pirovnebaSi pasiuri cxovrebidan
gasvlis Sedegad masSi arsebuli vakuumis nel-nela da mizanmimarTul aRmofxvras.
b) WAarbi aqtiurobidan zomierebaSi gadasvla sakuTari
misiis Sesabamisi funqcionaluri anu sulieri sakiTxebis Semecnebisa da aRqmis saqmeSi, agreTve midrekileba sxva pirovnebebisaTvis sakuTari misiis Sesabamisi vizualuri anu materialuri, statuskvod damkvidrebuli SeEmecnebisa da aRqmis
sakiTxebSi sruli araZaladobis dacvaSi, sakuTari iniciativiT araviTar SemTxvevaSi arafris TaAvze ar moxvevaSi. es iwvevs pirovnebaSi zedmetad aqtiuri cxovrebidan gasvlis Sedegad masSi arsebuli vakuumis srulad gamoyenebis ideafiqsis nel-nela da mizanmimarTul aRmofxvras.
e. i. zogadad `ego~-s `me~-d garaqmnis, `me~-s warmoqmnisa
da Semdgom amisa, maszed koncentrirebis fenomeni an e. w. pasiurobidan gaaqtiurebis Sedegad warmoiqmneba, romelic
TavisTavad warsulSi cocxali arsebis arsebobis periodSi
raRacaze an, ufro metwilad, viRAacaze mijaWvulobisgan gaTavisuflebis logikur Sedegs warmoadgens an e. w. Warbi aqtiurobidan siWarbis moxsnis Sedegad warmoiqmneba, romelic TavsTavad momavalSi cocxali arebis arsebobis periodSi raRacaze mijaWvulobisagan da viRaceebis TAavisze mijaWvebis survilisagan gaTavisuflebis logikuri Sedegi
gaxlavT. `me~ materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi ori kvleviTi midgomiT SeiZleba gamoviZio, Tu WeSmaritad ramdenad
aris es fenomeni pirovnebaSi. pirveli aris religiis funqcionaluri nawilis nebayofilobiTi dacva, meore aris Semecnebis miyolaSi sakuTari pirovnebis `WeSmaritebis TvaliT~ danaxva.

58

garegani wesrigi da funqcionaluri religiuroba

garegani wesrigi manomaias igive materialuri sqesobrivi
urTierTobebis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi erTgvarad standartizirebuli da daStampuli erTferovneba moiazreba, romelic dausruleblad meordeba am stiliT mcxovrebi cocxali arebis
mier, vidre mas moZraobis, moqmedebis unari gaaCnia rogorc
materialur sxeuls. miuxedavad imisa, rom individualurad
misTvis, materializirebul cocxal arsebas warmoudgenlad xSirad da bevrjer aqvs esa Tu is qmedeba Cadenili, romelic misTvis gansazRvruli garegani wesrigis nusxaSia dafiqsirebuli, is imisaTvis, rom am qmedebis gakeTeba usasrulod didxans gagrZeldes yvelaferze daTanxmdeboda.
ratom ? es mas uqmnis sakuTari pirovnebis saWiroebis, sakuTari funqciis Sesrulebis SegrZnebas anu, saboloo jamSi,
materializirebulobis pirobebSic ki, cocxal arsebas raRac WeSmaritad saWirosa da sasargeblos keTebis survili
amoZrevebs. magram ramdenad axerxebs igi amas garegani wesrigis dacvis da masSi Semavali detalebis ganxorcielebis
gziT ? vfiqrob, Zalian saintereso SekiTxvaa da masze aucileblad minda gavce pasuxi. garegani wesrigis ase brmad miyola da kopirebuli gamovlineba meti veraferia, Tu ara warsulSi ganxorcielebuli qmedebis zedmiwevniTi imitaciis
mcdeloba. xelmZRvaneloba am SemTxvevaSi materializirebuli cocxali arsebis gonebiT xdeba, samwuxarod, gulisTqmis sruli ar mosmeniT. Tavisdauneburadac ki, es arseba
funqcionaluri saqmianobis mimarT calsaxad pasiur midgomas inviTarebs TavisSi, ris Sedegadac WeSmaritad saWiro da
sasurveli saqmianobis Sesrulebas araTu veRar axerxebs, piriqiT, WeSmaritad arasaWiro da arasasurveli saqmianobiT
kavdeba. vidre materializirebuli cocxali arseba am cxovrebiseuli platformidan ar gamova (ar gamoaRwevs), milioni
welic rom gavides, erTgvarovani (erTi da igive) saqmianobiT iqneba mxolod dakavebuli da sakuTar pirovnebas srul
iluziaSi imyofebs im azriT TiTqos raime saWiroTi iyos dakavebuli.

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garegani wesrigis miyola da dacva, warsulSi momxdar

movlenebze an warsulSi Sexvedril pirovnebebze mijaWvulobis pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. am sistemiT
mcxovrebi adamianebisaTvis stabilurobis e. i. mudmivad ucvlelobis da arsebulis SenarCunebis cnobieri gageba umaRles siwmindes warmoadgens.
garegani wesrigi ganmartebis saxiT Semotanil upirobiTobebze mijaWvas warmoadgens. upirobiToba niSnavs im dogmebis nusxas, romelTa araTu gaSifvra, aramed specialuri
nebarTvis gareSe gakarebac ki, udides mkrexelobad moiazreba da iTvleba. garegani wesrigis zedmiwevniT dacvis surviliT mcxovrebi adamianebi calsaxad movaleobis SegrZnebis srulyofilad dacvis sruviliT imarTebian. isini imdenad aRarc ki ugdeben yurs sakuTar neba-survilebis ignorirebas da viRacis an raRacis danamati xdebian. amis Sedegad ki
maTSi warmoiqmneba e. w. vakuumi, romelic mudmiv diskomfortSi amyofebs maT. am vakuumis amosavsebad es garegan wesrigs miyolili adamianebi sakuTar ar(ver)realizirebul potenciur energias aZleven im adamianebs, romelTac sakuTari
potenciuri energia ukve gamoiyenes, magram maTSi darCa sxva
neba-survilebi, romelTa Sesasruleblad Tavad energia
aRar gaaCniaT. mokled, ufro konkretul enaze Tu vityviT,
monuri bunebis cocxali arsebebi (igive kerpTayvanismcemlebi) amyareben kontaqts demonuri bunebis cocxal arsebebTan (igive TviTgakerpebulebTan). es kontaqti gagrZeldeba
iqamde, vidre demonuri bunebis mqone cocxali arseba bolomde ar amoiRebs monuri bunebis mqonidan masSi arsebul
mTel potenciur energias, an meore SEemTxvevaSi ki iqamde,
vidre monuri bunebis mqone cocxali arseba Seatyobs, rom
demonuri bunebis mqones aRar unda misgan potenciuri energiis amoReba, rameTu axalis Semotanis survilebi aRaranairad aRar gaaCnia. sxvaTaSoris, es am bolo dros Zalian xSirad xdeba xolme.
magram yvelafers amas umjobesia garegani wesrigis miyoliT mcxovrebi materializirebuli cocxali arseba sxva
gzas daadges. kerZod, isini funqcionaluri religiuri saqmianobiT unda dakavdnen.

60

funqcionaluri religiuroba manos, igive sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi arastandartizirebuli, spontanuri, erTjerad qmedebaTa erTianoba moiazreba.
ra Tqma unda, garegnulad SeiZleba erTi qmedeba Semdgom Cadenil meore qmedebas gavdes da Tundac zedmiwevniTac ki,
magram es msgavseba ubralod damTxveva iqneba da ara imitireba, mimsgavsebis ara Segnebuli mcdeloba. am SemTxvevaSi
materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier mTeli aqcenti da
yuradReba sakuTari Sida bunebis simSvideSi myof nawilzea
gamaxvilebuli. am moqmedebis makoordinirebeli gaxlavT
guli. is aris mamoZravebeli Zalis mimmarTveli. Tqven warmoidgineT, am SemTxvevaSi e. w. vakuumi faqtiurad ubralod
ar(ver)warmoiqmneba. friad sainteresod meCveneba imis axsna,
Tu realurad rasTan gvaqvs saqme.
yvelaferi es gacilebiT ufro martivi asaxsneli gaxdeba
maSin, Tu erT ZiriTad gansxvavebas moviyvan, riTac xelmZRvaneloben garegani wesrigisa da funqcionaluri religiurobis mimyoli cocxali arsebebi. es gansxaveba ki, imaSi
mdgomareobs, rom pirvel maTgans sakuTari Tavi sxeuli hgonia, meore maTgans ki individualuri suli. ai, sul es aris da
meti araferi.
mas, visac sakuTari `me~ aRqmuli hyavs individualur sulad, xolo individualuri sxeuli ki sakuTar `ego~-d, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar moundeba garegnuli wesrigis ganxorcielebiTa da dacviT cxovreba. aseTi cocxali arsebis nebismieri qmedeba qalur sawyisSi gamavali funqcionaluri
religiurobis gamovlineba iqneba materialur samyaroSic
ki, mTeli misi arsebobis manZilze. sxvaTaSoris Zalian kargi
iqneba, Tu ufro davakonkreteb ras gulisxmobs TavisSi es
funqcionaluri religiuroba. es gaxlavT, arc meti arc naklebi, garegani harmonia gamoxatuli materializirebuli
cocxali arsebis mier. saqme imaSia, rom is ZiriTadad gulis
karnaxiT imarTeba da ara standartuli situaciebisaTvis
Sesabamisi ukve warsulSi momxdari moqmedebebis brmad imitirebis surviliT.
albaT dRevandelobis gagebidan gamomdinare, iqneb
sjobda kidec sxva ram damerqva am fenomenisaTvis da ara
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funqcionaluri religiuroba, magram ratom Sevcvalo am

terminis ZiriTadi arsobrivi arsi, Tu is WeSmaritad aseTia
radac movixsenieb. ubralod diplomatiasa da kompromisebs
miyolilma religiuri mimdinareobis liderebma, pasuxismgebelma pirebma, es aRreva Semoitanes, ra Tqma unda, gangebis
nebiT. vfiqrob, dResdReisobiT adamianebis udidesi gamocda xdeba, TiTqos yvela uklebliv unda gamoicados vin SeZlebs WeSmaritad marTeEbuli gziT svlas, maSin rodesac am
gziT mavalni araraobad iqnebian Seracxulni mTeli meore
nawilis, absoluturi umravlesobis mier.
es sentimentebia, axla ki, ufro konkretuli TvaliT Sevxedav da ganvixilav. funqcionaluri religiuroba, pirdapiri ganmartebis saxiT materialur samyaroSi mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli upirobiTobebis ar gazrdas gulisxmobs.
es, adamianur enaze niSnavs individualuri sulis mier individualuri sxeulis mimdinare obieqturi realobisaTvis Sesabamisi gardauvlad aucilebeli survilebis gaTvaliswinebas. am SemTxvevaSi TviT materialuri urTierTobebic ki sulieri urTierTobebis saSualebad gardaiqmnebian. aqac sufevs aSkarad movaleobis suliskveTeba, magram movaleoba am
SemTxvevaSi sruldeba mxolod da mxolod imitom, rom is unda Sesruldes anu movaleobebze aranairi formiT mijaWveba,
miwebeba ar xdeba. Tu ufro CavuRrmavdebi sakiTxs, met-naklebad rom ufro gasagebi gaxdes, midgoma iqneba aseTi : garegani wesrigis ESemTxvevaSi Tu Tavisdauneburad materializirebuli cocxali arseba kmayofilebis miRebas cdilobs,
funqcionaluri religiurobis (garegani harmoniis) SemTxvevaSi Tavisdauneburad materializirebuli cocxali arseba
kmayofilebis miniWebas cdilobs. erT SemTxvevaSi suli gamoiyeneba sxeulis saSualebad, meore SemTxvevaSi ki sxeuli
gamoiyeneba sulis saSualebad.
da bolos, funqcionaluri religiurobiT xelmZRvanelobisas vakuumi, rogorc aseTi, saerTod ver Seiqmneba cocxal arsebebSi da ar Cagrovili potenciuri energiis gadayraze aRar mouwevs zrunva, Tumc Semecnebis surviliT momqmed cocxal arsebasTan urTierToba warmoudgenlad did
sulier da materialur siamovnebas mianiWebs.

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garegani qaosi da Semecneba

garegani qaosi manomaias igive materialuri sqesobrivi
urTierTobebis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi araordinaluroba, Stampebis moxsna moiazreba, romelic dausruleblad icvleba am
stiliT mcxovrebi materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis
mier, vidre mas moZraobis, moqmedebis unari gaaCnia, rogorc
materialur sxeuls. misTvis raRacis Secvla, siaxlis Semotana ideafiqss warmoadgens. aRsaniSnavia is, rom am arsebas
jer Semoaqvs es siaxle nebismier fasad da Semdeg fiqrdeba
imaze, Tu ramdenad WeSmaritad saWiro da Rirebulia igi. milioni welic rom mieces, materialur samyaroSi sacxovreblad (igulisxmeba erTi sxeuliT), is mTels am dros swored
amas dauTmobda bolo wamamde Tavisi arsebobisa. amdenad icnobierebs Tu ara, sakamaTo sakiTxia, magram realurad, es
cocxali arsebebi garegani qaosis damamkvidrebelni arian
materialur samyaroSi. isini vakuumis erT namcecsac ar toveben, Tu sadme gadaawydebian, rom sakuTari miznebis masSi
Sesatenad ar gamoiyenon, ra Tqma unda, sanacvlod am vakuumSi arsebuli potenciuri energiis miTvisebis safasurad.
ratom sCadis is amas ? es mas uqmnis sakuTari mniSvnelovnebis, sakuTari pirovnebis situaciis mmarTvelad aRqmis
SegrZnebas. am SemTxvevaSi, saqme gvaqvs materialuri interesebis srulad mowyvetilobasTaAn sulier interesebYTan. calsaxad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es adamianebi mxolod da mxolod
sakuTari sxeulis interesebiT xelmZRvaneloben, sakuTari
individualuri sulebis interesebis sruli ignorirebiT.
maTSi gulis funqcionaluri cnebis mniSvneloba nulis donemdea dayvanili da guliT moqmedeba maTTvis, ubralod, sasacilo raRAacas warmoadgens. Tavisdauneburadac ki am tipis materializirebuli cocxali arseba Warbi aqtiurobiT
imuxteba da materialur samyaroSi mamoZravebel veqtors
saWiro mimarTulebis sapirispirod mimarTavs. mis mier vizualurad Sesrulebuli raRac nebismieri saqmianoba funqcionalurad aris monaTluli. principSi misi mTavari mamoZrevebeli Zala pirvelobis, upiratesobis miRebis survilia. is amis misaRwevad absoluturad yvelafers dasaSvebad
63

miiCnebs. vinaidan es pirovnebebi srulyofilebis kompleqsiT arian daavadebulni. samwuxarod, maTze veRar moqmedeben iseTi Zlieri makontrolebeli berketebi, rogorebicaa
sindisi (Sinagani cenzura) da sircxvili (garegani cenzura).
garegani qaosis miyola momavalSi mosaxdeni movlenebis
erTpirovnulad sakuTari SexedulebebiT ganWvretisa da
Semdgom, maTi damkvidrebis survils warmoqmnis, miT umetes,
iseT pirobebSi Tu es pirovnebebi Zalian mravlad arian da
axerxeben sazogadoebaSi met-naklebad sakuTari Tavis realizirebas, rameTu konkurencia ubiZgebs maT kidev da kidev
ufro Rrmad da ufro metad daarRvion yvelanairi (elementarulic ki) moraluri da eTikuri principebi. Tan, es maTive
Semotanili pirobiTobebi siwminded surT gamoacxadon da
yvelas siwminded aRiarebinon.
garegani qaosi, ganmartebis saxiT, Semotanili pirobiTobebis ayolas niSnavs. pirobiToba niSnavs im araordinalur
siaxleTa nusxas, romlebic cdiloben martivi, sruliad gasagebi, WeSmaritad dasacavi mcnebebi Caanacvlon. rac ufro
metad CaxlarTuli, garTulebuli iqneba martivi raRaceebi,
miT ufro didmniSvnelovnad gamoCindeba xolme gulRia, advilad mimndobi adamianebis mier, rac saboloo jamSi imisaTvis keTdeba, rom swored es adamianebi sakuTari morCilebis,
daqvemdebarebis qveS moaqcion.
garegani qaosis Semomtani adamianebi calsaxad uflebis
miRebis SegrZnebiT imarTebian da yvela da yvelaferi garSemo Tavis momsaxure personalad, TAavis damatebad undaT rom
gadaaqcion. maTSi arsebuli Warbi aqtiuroba, maT energetikul kriziss iwvevs xSirad, ris gamoc isini eZeben adamianebs,
romlebSic arsebobs e. w. vakuumi anu maTSi energia akumulirebulia da ar ician raSi gamoiyenon. Semdgom, es Warbi aqtiurobis mqone adamianebi axerxeben imas, rom pasiurebma Tavadve moindomon sakuTari energia porcialurad da mudmivad aZlion maT da ase grZedleba Tu Warbad aqtiuri materializirebuli cocxali arseba Tavad ver ipovnis aqtiurobis
siWarbisagan anu demonuri binebisaken midrekilebisagan anu
TviTgakerpebis mcdelobisagan gaTavisuflebis gzas. es gza
aris Semecneba, sakuTari pirovnebis WeSmaritebis TvaliT
danaxva.
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Semecneba manos igive sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi RmerTze, samyaroze, gangebaze, WeSmaritebaze da a. S. koncentracia moiazreba. am surviliT momqmedi materializirebuli cocxali arseba wyvets daufiqrebel
improvizaciul gamovlinebebs da pirvelobisa da upiratesobis miReEbis survilebi didad aRar izidavs. ramdenadac Semecnebaze gadasvlamde Warbi aqtiurobis surviliT Sepyrobili materializirebuli cocxali arseba gaucxovebuli iyo
sakuTar Sida bunebasTan, imdenad xdeba Semecnebaze gadasvlis Semdgom sruli gaSinaureba sakuTar WeSmarit `me~sTan. aqac iseve rogorc manos qaluri sawyisis SEemTxvevaSi
sakuTari pirovnebis aRqma da identificireba xdeba individualur sulTan. Warb aqtiur nawils pirovneba ukve Sidan
pirovnul kvleva-Ziebaze moixmars da ara raERac spontanuri
angarebiTi survilebis dakmayofilebaze. adre Tu mas survili hqonda materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis mier yofiliyo SemCneuli, aRiarebuli da arCeuli, rogorc upiratesi, axla mas uCneba sulieri samyaros mier iyos SemCneuli,
daimsaxuros maTTan yofna (sulier samyaroSi mcxovreb
cocxal arsebebTan) da miiRos rCeva-darigebebi uSualod
sulieri samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebis mxridan. e. i. SeZlos
miiRos udidesi ufleba da udidesi pativi sulieri urTierTobebi daamyaros maTTan. albaT, rom ara is Warbi aqtiuroba, romelic amoqmedebs am cocxal arsebas aseT siTamames
ubralod ver gabedavda. me mxolod axla mivxvdi da axla SevigrZeni is, Tu ramxela siTamamea, is, rasac me Cavdivar albaT bolo wlis ganmavlobaSi. me xom erT-erTi Warbad aqtiuri kategoriis warmomadgeneli var, romelsac gaumarTla
imaSi, rom Semecnebis gzisken moindoma wasvla da uzarmazari codna mieca. amJamad, Cemda sasixarulod minda vTqva, rom
erTaderTi dominati survili albaT CemSi is aris, rom zomieri, normaluri aqtiurobis ketegoriis warmomadgeneli
gavxde da pasiurobidan gaaqtiurebul materializirebul
cocxal arsebasTan davamyaro kontaqti, rogorc Cems meore
nawilTan, qalur sawyisTan, agreTve me Cems meuRles gvqondes Cveni sakontaqto wre, romelTanac gveqneba sulieri urTierTobebi da gvqondes materialuri uzrunvelyofa, rome65

lic gardauvlad aucilebelia Cvennairi adamianebisaTvis

normalurad sacxovreblad, vidre sxeulidan ar gavalT.
Semdgom ki, rodesac am sxeulebs davtovebT, vinatrebdi me
da Cemi miwieri meuRle iqac erTad viyoT da sulier samyaroSi damkvidrebisa da erTad arsebobis ufleba miviRoT,
Tundac TviT zecaSic ki. patiebas viTxov axlac Cemi siTamamisaTvis, magram es Cemi udidesi mizania. am momentSi da mindoda mTeli sulier samyaros ase Riad da gamWvirvaled gaego es. rac SeexebaT samyaros uzenaes pirovnebebs, maT, vfiqrob, isedac mSvenivrad icodnen yvelaferi es, magram Cemgan
gamoTqmuli da naTxovni mgonia rom ufro esiamovnebaT.
mokled, amaze kargad am nawilis aRwera, vfiqrob, SeuZlebelia, rameTu me is konkretuli pirovnebis (Cems) magaliTze aRvwere. zogadi ganmartebis saxiT ki, Semecneba pirobiTobis ESemotanaze sakuTari iniciativiT uaris Tqmas niSnavs. SeiZleba iTqvas rom, am SEemTxvevaSi, materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis garegnuli qaosidan garegan transcendentulobaSi gadasvla xdeba. es metismetad individualur, materializirebul cocxal arsebasa da mTels sulier
samyaros Soris faqizi sulier-intimuri urTierTobaa. visac es ar ugrZvnia (materialur samyaroSi mcxovreb cocxal
arsebebs vgulisxmob) veranairad ver gaagebinebs da ver SeagrZnobinebs veravin. es aris saukeTeso gza Warbi aqtiurobis mqoneTaTvis.

III Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera

III TAavis mokle ganxilvisas manomaias aRar Sevexebi da
mxolod manoze, rogorc Sedegobrivi mdomareobis aRweraze
gavamaxvileb yuradRebas. mano sakuTar iniciativebze uaris
Tqmis erT-erT Zalian mniSvnelovan safexurs warmoadgens.
minda aRvniSno is, rom anandasa da vijnanas moTxovnebis jerovnad dakmayofilebis gareSe manos moTxovnebis dakmayofileba materializirebuli cocxali arsebisaTvis, kerZod
adamianisaTvis Zalian Zneli (Tu ara SeuZlebeli) ram iqneba.
manos saSualebiT individualuri sxeulisa da individualuri sulis funqcionaluri interesebis ganzogadeba xde66

ba. es ori fenomeni erTmaneTTan mSvidobiani Tanacxovrebis

surviliT imuxteba da TAavianT saqmianobis saWirod da sasurvelad SeEsrulebis mcdelobiT kavdeba.
manos dasakmayofileblad gardauvlad aucilebelia da
saWiroa asketizmis cnebis WeSmaritad aRqma, SegrZneba da
realurad amis qmnis unaris gamomuSaveba sakuTar pirovnebaSi.
asketizmis cnebis yvelaze saukeTeso ganmartebad mimaCnia sakuTari keTili nebiT gangebis nebis darRveulobis
povna da aRmofxvra sakuTar pirovnebaSi.
asketizmis WeSmarit dones miRweuli materializirebuli cocxali arseba (adamiani) mzad aris imisaTvis, rom materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebidan Sida sqesobriv urTierTobebze gadavides realur cxovrebaSi iqamde, vidre
materialur sxeuls datovebs. swored es sulieri urTierTobebi moutans mas materialur samyaroSive aramiwier, sulier-samyaroseul bednierebasa da sixaruls, amas SeiZleba
netarebac ki ewodos.
da kidev erTi, es aris is done, romelic SeaZlebinebs rogorc mamakacs ise qals ipovno TavisTvis idealurad Sesaferisi mewyvile, sadac, ra urTierTobebis drosac ar iqneba
mesakuTreobis, SEen-Cemobis, pirvelobis, gansakuTrebulobis, yalbi keTilganwyobis, tyuilis Tqmis, raimes damalvis
survilebi. da isic ratom ? imitom rom isini erTnair faseulobriv sistemaze iqnebian awyobilebi, isini Tavisi Sinagani
aRqmiT sakuTari pirovnebis identifikacias sakuTar individualur sulebTan moaxdenen da ara sakuTar individualur
sxeulebTan.
mano zogadad individualuri sulis TviTgamovlinebis,
TviTrealizaciis ganyofilebad SeiZleba miviRoT. sulieri
urTierTobebi manos bunebrivi mdgomareobis gamovlinebas
warmoadgens, xolo rac Seexeba materialur urTierTobebs
isini sulieri urTierTobebis interesebis saSualebad moiazrebian da mTlianad maTi interesebis msaxurebas ewevian
ukve ai am gadasaxedidan.
erTi metad mniSvnelovani momenti gaxlavT is, rom erT
nawilad gamTlianebisa da dasaxlebis Semdgom mamakacma
funqcionaluri religiuroba unda daicvas da qals misgan
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momdinare SEemecnebis survilSi daxmareba unda gauwios anu

sakuTari iniciativiT araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda SesTavazos raime siaxle Semecnebis sakiTxSi. amisaTvis aris saWiro
misTvis funqcionaluri religiurobis dacva, xolo xandaxan arsebul kritikul momentebSi funqcionaluri religiuroba unda daicvas, Tumc sasurvelia Semecnebis procesi Tanabrad, zomierad da mudmivad mimdinareobdes. Semecneba am
SemTxvevaSi iqneba yvelaferi seqsualuri aqtis CaTvliTac
ki. ise rom, ra Tqma unda, qalzec, magram mamakacze Zalian didad aris damokidebuli rogor warimarTeba. es cxovrebis
idealuri formaa.

68

IV TAavi
prana
sakuTari `me~-s iniciativaze uaris Tqmis
meoTxe safexuri
kategoriulad unda SEemovifarglo im yofieri urTierTobebiT, materialuri kontaqtiT materialur garemosTan
da mis warmomadgenlebTan, romlebic CemTvis materialuri
yofierebis gardauval aucileblobas uzrunvelyofs.
pranas Sesasruleblad saWiro moTxovnebi pirdapir yalibdeba, gadmodis da momdinareobs manos moTxovnebidan.
aragaSalaSinebuli, metaforuli formiT Tu vityviT, es
aris sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis (materialuri gadasaxedidan asketizmis) gadayvana e. w. msxverplSewirvis
funqcionalurad realizaciaSi. es Zalian, Zalian mniSvnelovani nawilia sakuTar (arasaWiro) imitaciaze uaris Tqmis
procesSi.
aqac, iseve rogorc danarCen wina TavebSi, aucileblad
gavakeTeb cxrilur monaxazs rogorc pranasi, iseve pranamaiasi, raTa TvalnaTeli gaxdes suraTi, Tu razea laparaki da
Semdeg mTels am meoTxe TavSi gaSlilad ganvixilav mas
prana gangebis mier dakisrebuli movaleoba.
sulieri msxverplSewirva (sulieri WuWyis, karmis gan(r)wmenda)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
garemos Secnoba araWarbi, zomieri
SEemoqmedeba pasiurobidan gamosaqtiuroba
vla, gaaqtiureba. Sida sulieri gacocxleba
pranamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli movaleoba.
materialuri msxverplSEewirva (drois kvla, garToba)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
zemoqmedeba garemoze; garemos saku- sakuTar `me~-ze zemoqmedeba pasiuTar interesebze awyoba Warbi aqrobis gaRrmaveba garegnuli matetiurobis realizireba, sakuTari Serialuri gaaqtiureba, socialuri
xedulebebis Tavze moxveva, teqnikuyofiereba.
ri progresi

69

materialuri msxverplSewirva (garToba) da sulieri

msxverplSEewirva (sulieri WuWyis gan(r)wmenda)
materialuri msxverplSEewirvisken (garTobisken, drois
`mokvlisken) swrafva pranamaias pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. materialuri msxverplSewirvis warmoqmnisa da misi mravalnairi formiT gamovlinebis arsebobis mizezi materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari materialuri nawilis vizualuri saWiroebis Ziebis survilidan momdinareobs. rac ufro didi iqneba materialur samyaroSi sakuTari saWiroebrivi adgilis damkvidrebis mcdelobebi vizualur aspeqtSi, miT meti iqneba adamianis mxridan momdinare
movaleobebis Tavisze aRebis survili spontanurad sakuTari iniciativiT. saWiroeba am adamianis mier aRqmuli iqneba
garemoSi arsebuli `ego~-si da egosistemis msaxurebaSi, misTvis sakuTari mTeli pirovnebis msxverplad miZRvnaSi da SewirvaSi. es pirdapiri gagrZelebaa Warbi aqtiurobisa da pasiurobis Temisa. es cocxali arseba imas ki ar uwevs angariSs, Tu realurad ris msaxurebas cdilobs, aramed misTvis
mTavari xdeba martoobaSi ar aRmoCndes wmindawylis materialuri, vizualuri TvalsazrisiT.
ar SemiZlia ar gamovyo ori erTmaneTisagan radikalurad gansxvavebuli midgoma am sakiTxSi.
1) pirveli gaxlavT arsebul garemoze pridapir, brmad,
zedmiwevniT morgeba. am SemTxvevaSi adamiani sruliad uwevs
ignorirebas obieqturad Sefasebis unarsa da amis aucileblobas mis garSEemo Seqmnil situaciebSi.
2) meore gaxlavT arsebuli garemos pirdapir da zedmiwevniT sakuTar Sexedulebebze morgeba. Tu pirveli aris pasiurobis ufro gazrdis, gaRrmavebis forma, meore gaxlavT
Warbi aqtiurobis ganxorcielebis mcdelobebis, ufro gaRrmavebis forma.
orive SemTxvevaSi adamiani srulad kargavs da ignorirebas uwevs sakuTari pirovnebis obieqturad Sefasebis unarsa
da amis aucileblobas mis garSemo SEeqmnil situaciebSi (yvelaSi uklebliv).
Sedegi am qmedebebisa gaxlavT is, rom waroiqmneba e. w.
safrTxis, dapirispirebis, mtris, Sen-Cemobis, gaucxovebis
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cnebebi, romlebic aSkarad uwyoben xels pirovnebaSi arsebuli `ego~-s gazrdasa da gaRrmavebas. es winaaRmdegobebi ki,
rac am materializirebul cocxal arsebas xvdeba win gaxlavT, Tqven warmoidgineT, udidesi damxmare saSualebebi,
udidesi megobrebi, romlebic cdiloben isini moagonon, gamoaRviZon da goneba daufiqron imaze Tu ras msaxuroben.
pranamaia Tavad, uxeSad rom vTqvaT, safrTxis cnebas niSnavs da safrTxisagan Tavis dacvas moiazrebs. magram Tu im
azramde mivdivar, rom es safrTxe Cemi mogonilia da realurad is arsebobas Sewyvets, Tuki me Cems qmedebaTa obieqtur,
WeSmaritad obieqtur Sefasebas movindomeb, maSin suraTi
radikalurad Seicvleba.
materialur samyaroSi, pranamaias ganyofilebidan Tu
vimsjeleb, sulier doneze mamakacur sawyisSi cocxal arsebas garTobis cnebis dakmayofilebis survili amoZravebs,
xolo qalur sawyisSi ki, drois mokvlis cnebis dakmayofilebis survili.
garToba kmayofilebis miReEbis materialuri forma gaxlavT. gaverTe niSnavs davikmayofile Cemgan momdinare survilebi, Tu srulad gaverTe e. i. mTeli Cemi survilebi
(`ego~-dan momdinarebuli) davakmayofile. aRsaniSnavia is,
rom erTxel dakmayofilebuli survilis, meored, mesamed,
meaTed da ase susaruld dakmayofileba momindeba im doziT,
ra doziTac pirvelad movaxdine es da, ufro metic, meored
didi doziT momindeba (araviTar SemTxvevaSi naklebiT, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi veranairad ver davkmayofildebi, piriqiT daukmayofileblobis SegrZneba dameufleba), mesamed
ufro didi doziT da a. S da a. S. es, TvalnaTeli SedarebisTvis Tu aviRebT, narkotiks gavs, romlis aRar miRebis SemTxvevaSi saSineli agresia Cndeba adamianSi.
`drois kvla~ kmayofilebis miREebis fsevdosulieri
formaa. materializirebuli cocxali arseba sxvaTa survilebis dasakmayofileblad akeTebs imas, rac Tavad ar surs,
risi bunebrivi moTxovnilebac ar gaaCnia. TiTqos erTi suli
aqvs rodis CamTavrdeba is, ris gakeTebasac aiZulebs sakuTar TAavs. Tavs ki, imiT imSvidebs, rom sakuTar movaleobas
pirnaTlad asrulebs. erTaderTi ram, riTac Tavs inugeSebs
es arseba gaxlavT is, rom sakuTar mikromaterialur samya71

roSi (sakuTar saxlSi, an maszed gapirovnebul materialur

garemoSi) usasrulod axdens aracocxali garemos vizualur
gaformeba-galamazebas. am yvelafers ki, iseTi aranormalurad didi seriozulobiT udgeba, rom misTvis amaze Tvalis
axelis mcdelobas saerTod ara aqvs azri. misi gagebiT, is
WeSmarit rwmenas emsaxureba da sakuTari Tavis msxverplad
mitana garemosTvis yvelaze RvTismosav saqmed miaCnia.
ra Tqma unda, suraTi radikalurad icvleba, rodesac materializirebuli cocxali arseba sakuTar `me~-s materialur sxeuls ki ara, individualur suls uwodebs. maSin materiluri garemo realurad `ego~-s vizualuri gamovlineba
gaxdeba, xolo am garemoSi arsebuli potenciali ki, `me~-s vizualuri gamovlineba iqneba. e. i. mTavari gaxdeba rogor iqnas gamoyenebuli moqmedebis unari, romelic sxeuls gaaCnia
e. i. vidre suli imyofeba sxeulSi.
sulieri msxverplSewirvisken (sulieri WuWyis ganrwmendisken) swrafva hranas pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens.
sulieri msxverplSewirvis warmoqmnisa da misi mravalnairi
formiT gamovlinebis arsebobis mizezi materializirebuli
cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari materialuri nawilis funqcionaluri saWiroebis Ziebis survilidan momdinareobs.
rac ufro didi iqneba materialur samyaroSi gangebis nebis
realizaciis saSualebad sakuTari pirovnebis gamovlinebis
mcdelobebi vizualur aspeqtSi, miT ufro naklebi iqneba
adamianis mxridan momdinare movaleobebis Tavisze aRebis
survilebi sakuTari iniciatividan momdinare.
saWiroebis cneba moqmedebisa am adamianis mier aRqmuli
iqneba garemoSi arsebuli `me~-s, obieqturi realobis, dasamkvidrebeli cnobierebis damkvidrebaSi msaxurebiT, amisaTvis sakuTari pirovnebis srulad daxarjviTa da saerTodac,
mTlianad Tavisi pirovnebis miZRvniTa da Tundac SewirviT.
esec, albaT, udavoa, pirdapiri gagrZelebaa Warbi aqtiurobisa da pasiurobis Temisa.
aqac minda gamovyo ori ganStoeba, romlebic erTmaneTisagan sapirispiro mxares ki ar miemarTebian, piriqiT, swored
rom cdiloeben erTmaneTSi zedmiwevniTa da srulad SeerTdnen:

72

1) pirveli gaxlavT arsebuli garemos obieqturi da WeSmariti Secnobis survili. am SemTxvevaSi adamiani axdens sakuTari Sexedulebebis mkacr kontrols da, principSi, sakuTari iniciativiT (Tu moTxovnileba garemodan ar momdinareobs) SexedulebaTa gavrcelebas ar axdens (Tavze moxvevaze uars ambobs).
2) meore gaxlavT sakuTari Sexedulebebis gamoTqma da
deklarireba imisa, Tu ra surs, raTa gaagebinos garemos, gaacnos Tavi vin aris da ra surs.
Tu pirveli Warbi aqtiurobis zomier aqtiurobaSi gadayvanis precendentia, meore pasiurobis gaaqtiurebis gamovlineba gaxlavT. orive SemTxvevaSi adamiani iZens sakuTari pirovnebis Semadgeneli WeSmariti `me~-s aRqmisa da SegrZnebis unarsa da misive Semadgeneli WeSmaritad `ego~-s nawilis aRqmisa da SegrZnebis unars. es maT saSualebas miscems
survilis SemTxvevaSi (da gasakviri iqneboda es survili rom
ar gaaCndes) `ego~-s neli, zomieri gardaqmna moaxdinos `me~d, anu sulieri WuWyis gan(r)wmenda SeZlos.
am qmedebebis Sedegi gaxlavT is, rom warmoiqmneba sruli
gamWvirvaleba, sruli gaxsniloba, sadac safrTxis, dapirispirebis, mtris, gaucxovebis cnebebi fexs veranairad veRar
moikideben. aRaraferi Tu ar iqneba damaluli da dafaruli
da yvela mxridan nebayofilobiToba da araZaladoba iqneba
daculi, maSin aRarc winaaRmdegobebis Seqmna gaxdeba saWiro
da bednierebis materialuri cnebac ki, srulad miiRweva.
pranas ganyofilebidan Tu vimsjelebT sulier doneze:
a) mamakacur sawyisSi cocxal arsebas garCevis, obieqturad Sefasebis unaris dakmayofilebis survili amoZrevebs;
b) qalur sawyisSi cocxal arsebas sakuTari arsebobis
periodis (drois) saWirod da sasurvelad, Sida sulieri gaaqtiurebis (Semoqmedebis) unaris dakmayofilebis survili
amoZrevebs.
es aris Warbi aqtiurobisagan da pasiurobisagan gankurnebisa da realurad zomieri aqtiurobisa da aqtivizirebuli pasiurobis realizaciis gamovlinebis saukeTeso (idealuri) forma.

73

zemoqmedeba (sakuTar `me~-ze) da

Semoqmedeba (sakuTar `me~-Si)
zemoqmedeba sakuTar `me~-ze pranamaias, igive materialuri (fsevdosulieri) msxverplSewirvis qaluri sawyisis
warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirvaSi sulieri sizarmacis, pasiurobis sistemiT cxovrebis idealizireba moiazreba, romelic pirovnebas garemoSi materializirebuli sxva cocxali arsebebis danamatad aqcevs. materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis es kategoria materialuri sxeulebis arsebobis periodis uzenaesobis SegrZnebiT aris damuxtuli. sikvdilis e. i. materialuri sxeulidan individualuri sxeulis gasvla an individualuri sulis e. w. aranormaluri, araCveulebrivi mdgomareoba, rac avadmyofobis saxiT vlindeba (avad myofobiT moixsenieba) misTvis yvelaze
arasasiamovno da yvelaze saSineli raRaceebia, rac ki SeiZleba, rom warmoidginos saerTod.
am adamianebis erTaderT sazrunavs Tavis garSEemo arsebuli adamianebis stabiluri janmrTeli mdgomareoba warmoadgens. siyvarulis cnebasac ki es arseba im movaleobas eZaxis, rasac miCveulia da mijaWvulia. nebismier siaxles SeuZlia igi diskomfortSi gadaiyvanos. igi mosaxmareblad aZlevs rogorc TaAvis suls, ise Tavis sxeuls im adamianebs, vis
winaSec movaleobis SegrZebas iviTarebs TAavisSi, Tumc, am
moxmarebis procesSi TAavad TAavis neba-survilebs ar iTvaliswinebs. droTa ganmavlobaSi mas sakuTari survilebi saerTod uqreba da sxvaTAa neba-survilebis Sesrulebis da dakmayofilebis saSualeba xdeba mxolod. usicocxlo, uQZrav garemosTAan (dune materiasTan) mimarTebaSi, rac misi ganmgeblobis qveS imyofeba, is mudmiv ucvleli, stabiluri situaciis damyarebas cdilobs. Warbi mcdeloba garegnuli materialuri sisufTavis damyarebisa, aSkarad gamoxatavs masSi
Cabudebuli pasiurobis miRma arsebuli sulieri WuWyis gan(r)wmendisa da gasufTavebis mcdelobas, Tumc, es mcdelobebi aSkarad butaforiulia. is materialur sxeulSi yofnis
bolomde agrZelebs cxovrebis aseT stils.
kidev erTi umniSvnelovanesi ram minda aRvniSno, rom is
Zalian, Zalian uintereso da uRimRamo arseba xdeba. aSkara
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monur suliskveTebas iviTarebs da TAavad adamiani TAavisnairive adamianebs Sinagani aRqmiT ise udgeba rogorc ZaRli
patronebs. mesmis es arc Tu sasiamovno wasakiTxi da mosasmenia, magram es gacilebiT ufro arasasiamovno sayurebelia,
rodesac amis danaxvis unari gagaCnia yovelDdRiuri wvrilmani fusfusisa da TiTidan gamowovili saqmianobis miRma.
am arsebebis gansakuTrebul gaRizianebas iwvevs is, rodesac sakuTar patronad miRebuli adamiani mas Semcvlels
mouZebnis xolme da sxva arsebebTan iwyebs aqtiuri kontaqtis damyarebas. sainteresoa, rogor SeiZleba am adamianebs
gaagebino, rom Tu sakuTari `meoba~ sul dasTme da yvelaferi SegiZlia miiRo, rac ar unda gagikeTos meore adamianma, es
im adamianisTvisac ki aucileblad uintereso gaxdeba. cocxali arsebebis mTAavari faseuli niSAan-Tviseba xom Tavad sicocxlea, romelic maTSi Cqefs da Tu is vinmes nebis `yurmoWrili monaa~, vinmes mier srulad marTavadi ram gaxdeba,
es aris sikvdili swored da ara is, rodesac sxeulidan suli
gamova. pirveli, rasac am arsebebs vurCevdi gaxlavT sikvdilis cnebis WeSmaritad Secnoba. vinc sicocxlis gamovlinebaze uars ityvis, swored is aris mkvdari da ara is, vinc gangebis nebiT droebiT Tu samudamod datovebs materialur
samyaros.
da bolos, am kategoriis adamianebisTvis yvelaze Zneli
gadasatani xdeba im gamouyenebeli energiis dagroveba, romelic araferSi moixmara. es sicocxlis masazrdoebeli
eleqsiri maTSi Sxamad gardaiqmneba da sulian-sxeulianad
wamlavs yvelafers. es marTlac paradoqsalurad ucnauri
raRacaa. amitomac isini iZulebulni xdebian Zalmomreobisken midrekil arsebebs es maTSi Cagrovili energia nebismieri
saSualebebiT amoaRebinon maTgan da raSic surT imaSi moaxmarebinon.
axla ki, modiT, imaT mdgomareobas aRvwer, visac pasiuri,
sulieri sizarmacis mdgomareobidan gamosvla daiwyes da aqtiurobisken, sulieri sibejiTisken e. i. Semoqmedebisken aiRes gezi.
Semoqmdeba (Sida sulieri moqmedeba) sakuTar `me~-Si pranas, igive sulieri msxverplSewirvis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTavSi sulieri
75

sibejiTis, pasiurobidan gaaqtiurebis sistemiT cxovrebis

idealizireba moiazreba, romelic pirovnebas garemoSi materializirebuli sxva cocxali arsebebis TanamgrZnobad,
WeSmarit megobrad, Zvirfas, dasafasebel, angariSgasawev
warmomadgenlad aqcevs. materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis es kategoria individualuri sulebis vizualuri (gamosaxuli) interesebis SegrZnebis surviliT aris damuxtuli. individualuri sulebis gaWuWyianeba, gabinZureba da
binZuri nawilis gan(r)wmendaze arzrunva aris yvelaze cudi
ram, rac ki SeiZleba saerDDTod warmoidginos am kategoriis
warmomadgenlobiTma nawilma. amisTvis yvelaze mcires, rasac isini akeTeben zneobrivi principebis uzadod da zedmiwevniT dacva gaxlavT, xolo yvelaze didi ki, rasac akeTeben, es aris sakuTari gonebis gazrda, sulieri WeSmariti
codnis Ziebis mcdeloba im materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis saSualebiT, romlebic floben am WeSmarit sulier
codnas.
am adamianebis erTaderT sazrunavs (sxvebTan mimarTebaSi) TAavis garSemo arsebuli adamianebis damakmayofilebeli
sulieri mdgomareoba warmoadgens. siyvarulis cnebas ki es
arseba im mdgomareobas eZaxis, romelSic sulieri urTierTobebi momdinareobs. nebismier stagnaciur, aracvalebad
situacias es arsebebi siaxlis Semotanis surviliT udgebian, brma movaleobebis mijaWvulobiTi formiT Sesrulebas
skeptikurad udgebian da, rac mTavaria, Cemi SExedulebiT,
isini araTu ignorirebas ukeTeben, aramed aucileblad da
zedmiwevniT iTvaliswineben sakuTar neba-survils. droTa
ganmavlobaSi is saerTod mTlianad guliT marTuli xdeba.
uZrav garemosTan mimarTebaSic ki, ara raRac standartis,
aramed ganwyobis mixedviT ewyoba. saerTod cdilobs winaswar araferi ar dagegmos, am wamieri myiseuli realobis SEesabamisi situaciebiT icxovros.
gansxvavebulad sakuTar Tavze zemomqmedisagan, sakuTar
`me~-Si Semomqmedi uzomod saintereso da mimzidvelia, masTaAn yofna da urTierToba uklebliv yvelasaTvis sasiamovno
da sasurvelia. is Tavis garSeEmo myofT ise udgeba rogorc
es misgan bunebrivad momdinareobs, Tumc, yovelTvis cdilobs da axerxebs ar daarRvios koreqtulobis sazRvrebi.
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misgan gamouval mdgomareobaSi wamosuli arakoreqtulobac

ki situaciis saerTo fonze koreqtulad gamoiyureba.
yvelaze mTAavari niSan-Tviseba am kategoriis warmomadgnlebisa gaxlavT is, rom isini sicocxliT savseni arian. maT
WeSmaritad cxovelmyofeli buneba aqvT. agreTve erT, adamianebisaTvis dResDdREeisobiT sentimentalur winadadebas
vityvi es adamianebi suliwmidasTAan miaxlovebisTvis yvelanairi winaaRmdegobis aRmofxvris gzaze dganan, riTac sulieri kaTarzisisken iReben gezs da am gzidan ar gadaxvevis
ESEemTxvevaSi WeSmaritad sulier ganaTlebas da srul gaspetakebas aRweven.
rac Seexeba sikvdilis cnebas, am kategoriis adamianebisaTvis aseTi ram realurad ar arsebobs, rameTu dRes Tu
isini Tvlian rom sxeulSi imyofebian da xval sxeulis miRma
iqnebian, es mdgomareobis, adgilmdebareobis cvlilebas gamoiwvevs maTsas da ara gaqroba-gauCinarebas. isini xom sakuTar `me~-s individualur suls eZaxian da `me~-s aRiqvamen
amad da ara individualur materialur sxeuls. rogorc xedavT amiT sulic bednieria da sxeulic. maTSi arasodes ar
xdeba energiis akumulireba, Cagroveba.

garemoze zemoqmedeba da garemos Secnoba

zemoqmedeba garSEemo arsebul materializirebul cocxal arsebebze pranamaias igive materialuri (fsevdosulieri) msxverplSewirvis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri sijiutis,
Warbi aqtiurobis sistemiT cxovrebis idealizireba moiazreba, romelic garemoSi materializirebul sxva cocxal arsebebs am pirovnebis danamatad aqcevs. materializirebuli
cocxali arsebebis es kategoria materialuri sxeulis (sakuTrebis) uzenaesobis SegrZnebiT aris damuxtuli. sikvdili e. i. sxeulidan gasvla da avadmyofobebi (sxeulis ususuri mdgomareoba) yvelaze saSinel movlenebad aris aRqmuli
am pirovnebebisaTvis.
am adamianebis erTaderT sazrunavs TAavis garSemo arsebuli adamianebis Tavis Sexedulebebze gadayvana-gadabireba
77

warmoadgens. siyvarulis cnebas es arseba im uflebis mixedviT gansazRvravs, romelsac Warbad aniWebs sakuTar pirovnebas. nebismieri erTferovneba misTvis momabezrebelia da
amitom, vinaidan arc TviTon gamoirCeva ideaTa simravliT
kontaqtorTa, partniorTa dausrulebeli cvliT axdens im
iluziis Seqmnas sakuTari TAavisTvis TiTqos aTasgvari siaxliT cxovrobs. igi cdilobs srulad moixmaros, gamoiyenos
im adamianebis rogorc sulebi da gansakuTrebiT ki sxeulebi, romlebzec Tavisi aRqmiT ufleba gaaCnia. amis Sedegad is
am adamianebis neba-survilebs didad ar dagidevT da yvelafers ise akeTEebinebs rogorc Tavad Tvlis saWirod. winaaRmdegoba maTi mxridan mxolod interess aRviZebs masSi ufro
metad, raTa dapyrobis procesiT datkbes. da ufro metic,
Tu aranairi winaaRmdegoba aRar xvdeba da misi neba usityvod da zedmiwevniT sruldeba, aseTi pirovnebis mimarT is
droTa ganmavlobaSi saerTod kargavs interess da cdilobs
axali pirovnebebi ipovos. anu komfliqti (Tundac mikrokomfliqti) am adamianisTvis sasicocxlod aucilebel moTxovnilebas warmoadgens. sakuTar mfarvelobaSi arsebul uZrav
materialur qonebasTan mimarTEbaSi is absoluturad gulgrilia, indiferentulia.
Tavisi bunebiT, es materializirebuli cocxali arsebebi, cnobismoyvareni da trabaxa arian. Tumca Tavisuflad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Tavad rogorc individebi Zalian uinteresoni arian. isini yvelaferSi yofen cxvirs da arad dagideven imas, SeiZleba es Tu ara. isini ise iqcevian, TiTqos yvelaze yvelafris ufleba aqvT da sxvebi maTze mcireni, dabalni iyvnen.
gansakuTrebul gaRizianebas am adamianebisa iwvevs is,
rodesac sakuTar daqvemdebarebaSi myofad aRqmuli adamianebi cdiloben sxva axali kontaqtis damyarebas. e. i. isini maTi gadasaxedidan sxva patrons eZeben, riTac Tavad sakuTar
Rirsebas Seuracxyofilad aRiqvamen. maSin aucileblad iwyeben daSinebas, SAantaJs da Tu dasWirdaT im axal potenciur
`patronTanac~ mosinjaven sakuTar Zalebs, raTa es precendenti veranairad ver moxdes. Tu vinicobaa es moxdeba (igulisxmeba sakuTar mflobelobaSi myofi arsebis dakargva), es

78

istoria maT mexsierebaSi mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi

darCeba rogorc gadatanili sircxvili da miReEbuli marcxi.
gasakvirad Cans, magram es arsebebi guliT arian marTulni. Tu sakuTar `me~-ze zemoqmdebaSi guli ar muSaobda da
mxolod gonebiT imarTebodnen, eseni piriqiT, calsaxad guliT imarTebian da maTSi goneba ar an TiTqmis ar muSAaobs.
amitomacaa, rom ver daukargavT guladobisa da simamacisken
midrekilebas, magram isini ar emsaxurebian imas, rasac saerTod unda emsaxurebodes zogadad cocxali arseba, maT SemTxvevaSi ki mama RmerTs. isini cdiloben Tavis pirovnebas emsaxuron da sxvebic Tavis pirovnebas amsaxuron. faqtiurad
TviTgakerpebasTan gvaqvs saqme. siWarbe aqtiurobisa swored rom am parametrebis arsebobiT warmoiqmneba.
da bolos, am kategoriis adamianebisTvis (demonuri bunebis mqoneTaTvis zogadad) yovelTvis did problemas warmoadgens energiis naklebobis Tematika. isini xom yovelTvis
imaze gacilebiT did energias xarjaven, vidre es saWiroa
mimdinare realobaSi arsebuli obieqturi realobisTvis.
amitom maTSi energovampiruli midrekileba, ase vTqvaT, kodirebulic kia. Zaladobis, zemoqmedebis nebismieri forma
da amiT miznis miRweva aZlevs swored maT saSualebas es
energia waiRon sxva cocxali arsebebisagan, Tumca rogorc
naxeT bunebaSi yvelaferi kanonzomierebas eqvemdebareba.
axla ki im mdgomareobas aRvwer rodesac Warbi aqtiurobidan, sulieri sijiutidan gamosvla iwyeba da gezi zomieri
aqtiurobisken, sulieri Seupovrobisken miemarTeba e. i. garemos Secnobisken. garemos Secnoba sakuTar `me~-Si pranas
igive sulieri msxverplSewirvis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri
Seupovrobis, zomieri aqtiurobis sistemiT cxovrebis idealizireba moiazreba, romelic garemoSi arsebul materializirebul cocxal arsebebs am pirovnebis WeSmarit damxmared
aqcevs arsebuli realobis saTanadod garCevis, WeSmaritad
obieqturad Sefasebis saqmeSi.
materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis es kategoria individualuri sulebis funqcionaluri (wamosaxviTi) interesebis SegrZnebis surviliT aris damuxtuli. individualur sulebSi arsebuli sulieri WuWyis gan(r)wmenda-gasuf79

Tavebaze ar zrunva aris yvelaze uaresi ram, rac ki saerTod

SeiZleba warmoidginos am kategoriis materializirebulma
cocxalma arsebam. amisaTvis yvelaze mcires, rasac isini akeTeben aris moraluri principebis uzadod da zedmiwevniT
dacva, xolo yvelaze didi ki, maTgan gamomdinarebuli saqmianobaSi, gaxlavT sakuTari ambiciebis grZnobad, WeSmarit
grZnobad gardaqmna, sulieri siyvarulis matebis Zieba TavisSi im materializirebul cocxal arsebasTan mimarTEebaSi
amis gamovlinebiT, romlebic mis garSemo arian da romlebTanac gangebas SEeyavs igi pirdapir (an arapirdapir) vizualur kontaqtSi.
am adamianebis erTaderT sazrunavs (sxvebTan mimarTEebaSi) Tavis garSemo arsebuli adamianebisTvis sakuTari Sexedulebebis sakuTari iniciativiT ar micema, maTze ar moxvevis miRweva warmoadgens. siyvarulis cnebas es cocxali arseba im metamorfozas eZaxis, rodesac raRaca tipis damkvidrebuli, gawerili, protokoluri wesrigi bunebriv, aradaangariSebul harmoniad gardaiqmneba. nebismier axal cvlilebas, romelic misi monawileobiT xdeba is uzarmazari pasuxismgeblobiT udgeba da cdilobs sakuTari qmedebis Sedegad miiRos, potenciur realobas didi movaleobis grZnobiT
miudges anu Tavisi mxridan maqsimalurad ar dauSvas Secdoma. e. i. sulieri codnis miniWebisas daicvas is porcialuroba, romelic saWiroa (arc naklebi da, miT umetes, arc meti).
metis micemis midrekileba xom masSi, samwuxarod, isedac
ido. vfiqrob, ai swored amas unda gadaeCvios igi. rac Seexeba naklebi WeSmariti codnis gacemas, meeWveba rom es problema arsebobdes, rameTu maSin is pasiur kategoriaSi gadavidoda, rac marTla CemTvis araTu Zneli warmosadgeni, warmoudgenelic kia. faqtiurad es arseba unda mieCvios imas, rom
zedmiwevniT gaiTvaliswinos sxva cocxali arsebebis nebasurvilebi, es aris da es, xolo Tavad rac Seexeba mas, es is
pirovneba ar aris sakuTari neba-survilebis ignorirebiT,
komformizmiT rom daiwyos cxovreba. unda Tu ara faqtiurad man gonebis imaze metad gamoyeneba unda daiwyos, vidre
aqamde iyenebda, Tumca eWvi ar mepareba goneba yovelTvis
eyoleba daqvemdebarebuli gulze. am arsebam eqscentrizmiT, warsulis skurpulozuri analiziT unda moaxdinos ro80

gorc Tavisi, iseve mTeli garemos cxovrebis gaumjobeseba,

warsuli da momavali xom pirdapir kavSirSia erTmaneTTan,
yovel SEemTxvevaSi awmyoze igi ar unda iyos aqcentirebuli.
am kategoriis adamianebi aranormalurad, uzomod sainteresoni arian da uzomod didi daxmarebis gaweva SeuZliaT
mTeli materialuri samyarosaTvis. is mudmivad da yovelTvis unda iyos kompetenturi TviT nebismier arastandartul, Tundac radikalur komfliqtur, provokaciul situaciebSic ki.
yvelaze mTavari niSan-Tviseba am kategoriis warmomadgenlebisa gaxlavT is, rom isini zeadamianuri, angelozuri
donisani arian. maT WeSmaritad RvTiuri buneba aqvT. am gzaze damdgari adamianebi mama RmerTTan yvelanairi urTierTobrivi gaugebrobisa da winaaRmdegobrivobis aRmofxvras
axdenen rogorc sakuTari nebiTY ise, Tqven warmoidgineT,
uneburadac ki. saboloo jamSi, isini Tu bolomde SeEupovrad
mihyvebian am gzas WeSmritad sulier gasxivosnebasa da srul
gaTavisuflebas miaRweven.
maTiT interesdebian mxolod da mxolod pasiurobidan
zomier aqtiurobaSi gadasvlis msurveli adamianebi an Tavisnairive Warbi aqtiurobidan zomier aqtiurobaSi gadasvlis msurveli adamianebi da amaTTvis am kategoriis adamianebs moaqvT netareba anu maTTan urTierTobebis Semdgom am
adamianebs am urTierTobebis Sedegad miREebuli SegrZnebebisa da codnis gaxsenebisa da xelaxla urTierTobebSi maTTan
Sesvlis garda sxva survilebi ubralod aRar rCeba.

IV Tavis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera

rogorc sxva TavebSi, aqac pranamaias aRar Sevexebi da
mxolod hranas Zalian mokle saboloo ganxilvaze gavamaxvileb yuradRebas.
pranas saSualebiT materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi
arsebuli sulieri WuWyis (faqtiurad materilizirebuli
mizezis) neli da Tanamimdevruli aRmofxvra xdeba rogorc
funqcionalur ise gare-vizualizirebul doneze. es ori mimarTuleba erTmaneTis sruli gadakveTisaken miiswrafis da
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Tavis ganvlili gzis manZilze sulieri WuWyidan erT cicqna

sibinZuris kvalsac ar tovebs.
pranas dasakmayofileblad gardauvlad aucilebelia da
saWiro sulieri msxverplSewirvis cnebis WeSmaritad aRqma,
SegrZneba da realurad amis ganxorcieleba cxovrebaSi sakuTari pirovnebis mxridan. sulieri msxverplSewirvis cnebis
yvelaze saukeTeso ganmartebad mimaCnia sakuTari nebiT sakuTari an sxvaTa (cocxal arsebaTa) neba-survilebis darRveulobis povna da am tendenciis erTxel da samudamod aRmofxvra sakuTar pirovnebaSi.
pranas WeSmaritad dakmayofilebis saSualebiT da dakmayofilebis Semdgomad materializirebuli cocxali arseba
WeSmaritad kmayofilebiT da siamovnebiT aRsavse cxovrebiT
iqneba dakavebuli materialur samyaroSi yofnis, individualur materialur sxeulSi arsebobis periodSi. miuxedavad
imisa, rom am adamianebs myarad eqnebaT gacnobierebuli sakuTari sulis pirveladoba sakuTar sxeulTan SedarebiT da
ufro metic, sakuTar `me~-s sulTan gaaigiveben, xolo `ego~s sxeulTan, isini aranairi komfliqtis inspiracias ar moaxdenen amiTi. piriqiT, sxeuli Seecdeba sulis Rirseuli TanaSemwe da damxmare gaxdes sulieri WuWyis sulier sispetaked
gardaqmnis saqmeSi.
pranaSi gadasuli materializirebuli cocxali arseba
faqtiurad Tavad mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis piradi dainteresebis sferoSic ki xvdeba, ise rom, usafrTxoebaze an winaaRmdegobaze Tua laparaki, samyaros uzenaesi da samyaros
uwmindesi pirovnebis piradi kontrolis qveS yofnis SegrZneba pirovnebas yovelTvis maTTan ufro metad daaxlovebs, rameTu darwmunebuli iqneba, rom maTi nebiT iqneba misi
dajildovebac, misi gamocdac da, Tu aseTi raRaca SeiZleba
iTqvas, misi dasjac. sinamdvileSi es yvelaferi adamianuri
terminebia. es cocxali arseba umaRlesi ierarqiidan zedmiwevniT obieqturad miiRebs sapasuxo Sedegebs imisa, ra qmedebebsac Caidens.

82

V TAavi
anna
sakuTari `me~-s iniciativaze uaris Tqmis
mexuTe safexuri
sakuTar arsSi damkvidrebuli da SegrZnebulic ki, sulieri codna katergoriulad ar unda gavce Cemi `me~-s iniciativiT, Tundac imisaTvis, visac raimenairi saxiT surs amis
miREeba da miT umetes visac es saerTod ar surs.
annas Sesasruleblad saWiro moTxovnebi pirdapir yalibdeba da gamomdinareobs pranas jerovnad Sesruleba-verSesrulebis Sedegobrivi maCveneblidan. es aris arasakmarisad Sesrulebuli sulieri msxverplSewirvis gadasvla e. w.
sulieri sakvebis miRebis aucileblobaSi. esec erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi, amjerad bolo nawilia sakuTar (arasaWiro)
iniciativebze uaris Tqmis saqmeSi.
aqac pirvel rigSi cxrilur Canaxazs gavakeTeb rogorc
annasi iseve annamaiasi, raTa TvalnaTeli gaxdes is, Tu zogadad razea laparaki. Semdgom amisa Sevecdebi TiToeuli detalis SeZlebisdagvarad maqsimalurad siRrmiseulad da gasagebad gaxsnas.
anna gangebis mier moniWebuli ufleba.
sulieri sakvebi
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
Sinagani qaosi aRsareba (dasamkvidSinagani wesrigi monanieba (damrebeli cnobiereba)
kvidrebuli cnobiereba)
annamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli ufleba.
materialuri sakvebi
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
gemovneba upirobiTobebis SEemotaazrovneba pirobiTobebis gazrda
na (ocnebebi)
(eWvebi)

es iqneba gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqcevisTvis saWiro saqmianobis bolo safexuri.

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materialuri sakvebi da sulieri sakvebi

`materialuri sakvebis~ miRebis survili (aucilebloba)
annamaias pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. materialuri
sakvebis miRebis aucileblobis mizezi materializirebuli
cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari materialuri nawilis sakuTar `me~-sTaAn identifikaciis Sedegad warmoiqmneba. es ZiriTadad ori faqtoriT iqneba ganpirobebuli:
1) pirovnebaSi CarCenili pasiurobis Sedegad, romlis
drosac SigniT arsebuli Sinagani sulieri energiis gadamuSAaveba ar xdeba da materialuri uxeSi energiiT xdeba organizmis materialuri sicocxlisunarianobis SenarCuneba
da gamokveba.
2) pirovnebis mier Warbi aqtiurobis Sedegad Sinagani sulieri energia ar (an sakmarisi raodenobiT ar) rCeba da am
SemTxvevaSic saWiro xdeba materialuri uxeSi energiiT materialuri sxeulis sicocxlisunarianobis SenarCuneba da
gamokveba.
rogorc erT, ise meore SemTxvevaSi sakuTari iniciativiT xdeba sakvebis racionisa da raodenobis SerCeva sakuTari materialuri sxeulisTvis. es marTlac saboloo Sedegobrivi maCvenebeli gaxlavT materializirebul cocxal
arsebaSi. rac ufro didi raodenobiT aqvs adamians materialuri sakvebis miRebis moTxovnileba, miT metia masSi darRveva erTi an meore mimarTulebiT.
friad sainteresoa is faqti, rom pasiurobaCagrovili
materializirebuli cocxali arseba ZiriTadad cdilobs,
arc meti da arc naklebi, tvini gamokvebos e. i. yvela is nawili materialur sxeulSi, romelsac daaxloebiT gonebis masalis struqtura gaaCnia anu cximovani, lorwovani, rbili
boWkovani, nerviul-qseluri warmonaqmnebi. swored am CamonaTvalSi arsebuli e. w. nivTierebebi uzrunvelyofen adamianSi da saerTod, zogadad nebismier cocxal arsebaSi Cagrovili sulieri energiis akumulirebas da, rac friad samwuxaroa, mis arafunqcionalur, aramiznobriv gamovlinebas. rac
Seexeba Warbi aqtiurobis Sedegad energiis naklebobis mqone
materializirebul cocxal arsebebs, isinic ZiriTadad cdiloben tvinis moqmedebisTvis saWiro saSualebebis gamokve84

bas e. i. yvela is nawili materialur sxeulSi, romelsac daaxloebiT grZnobis masalis struqtura gaaCnia anu sisxlAZarRvovani sistemebi, kunTebi, saxsrebi, mcenareuli warmonaqmnebi. am CamonaTvalSi arsebuli e. w. nivTierebebi ki uzrunvelyofen zogadad nebismier materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi materialuri sxeulis energiul moqmedebas
organizmSi energiis maragis ar arsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki.
gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom am sistemaze gadarTuli arseba faqtiurad sakvebs ar awvdis, an Zalian cota raodenobiT awvdi, cximovan, lorwovan, rbil-boWkovan
da nervul warmonaqmnebs. amitom is yovelTvis imaze gamxdaria, ufro msubuqia, vidre Sesabamisad saWiro mdgomareobaSi unda iyos, xolo pirvelad moyvanili SemTxvevisas ki, adamiani yovelTvis imaze meti masisaa, vidre es mis normalur
wonas Seesabameba.
agreTve SEeiZleba meore, friad damaxasiaTebeli niSanTvisebac moviyvanoT. kerZod, pasiurobiT mcxovrebi cocxali arseba azrovnebas kvebavs materialuri sakvebiT, anu is
kvebavs TaAvis argamoTqmul damalul Sexedulebebs, eWvebs,
meryeobas, gaorebulobas da a. S. mas TAavis fiqrebSi aTasi
sxvadasxva pirobiTobebi Semoaqvs, romlebic, ZiriTadad, arsebuli negatiurobis mkveTr gamuqebas axdenen. am, Tavisi
fiqrebis ganxorcielebisa, mis avtors Tavadve saSinlad eSinia, magram isini imdenad xdebian misi realuri aRqmis nawili,
rom maTgan gaTavisuflebas veRar axerxebs da, faqtiurad,
SiSebisagan dakarguli energiis anazRaurebas cdilobs materialuri uxeSi sakvebiT. am azrovnebad da SiSebad ki, swored is sulieri gardaiqmneba, romelic akumulirda.
rac Seexeba Warbi aqtiurobiT mcxovreb cocxal arebebs,
isini sakuTar gemovnebas kvebaven materialuri sakvebiT, anu
isini kvebaven ar gamoTqmul damalul neba-survilebs, ocnebebs, zedmet Tavdajerebulobas, siTamames da a. S. am arsebebs TAavis warmosaxvaSi aTasi sxvadasxva tipis upirobiTobebi SemoaqvT, romlebic ZiriTadad arsebuli pozitiurobis
mkveTr gaTeTrebas (gaumjobesebas) axdenen. Tavisi ocnebebis ganxorcielebisa mis avtors TAavad sjera rom SeZlebs,
magram realurad, cxovrebaSi rodesac am ocnebas realoba
Tundac odnavadac ar DdaemTxveva, pirovneba saSinlad Rizi85

andeba, magram ocnebis ganxorcielebaze imeds Tavs ki ar anebebs, jiutad ganagrZobs realobis sasurvel mcnebasTan daaxlovebas, Tumc, aqedan kargi arasodes araferi gamodis.
modiT, Tematikad davubrundebi da vityvi, rom es cocxali
arsebebi materialuri sakvebiT im energiis anazRaurebas
cdiloben ocnebaTa gardaqmnis procesSi sakuTari warmosaxvis doneze sakuTari realobis danaxvasa da mosmenaSi, da
Tundac SegrZebaSic rom daxarjes.
sulieri sakvebis miREebis survili annas pirdapir gamovlinebas warmoadgens. sulieri sakvebis miRebis aucileblobis survili materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari `me~-s sakuTar individualur sulTan identifikaciis Sedegad warmoiqmneba. es ZiriTadad ori faqtoriT SeiZleba iyos ganpirobebuli:
1) pirovnebaSi pasiurobis Sedegad CarCenili sulieri
energiis gamosaRviZeblad da emociuri donidan gonebismier
doneze mis dasaxarjavad.
2) pirovnebis mier Warbi aqtiurobis Sedegad daxarjuli
mTeli sulieri energiis piridapir sulieri sakvebis saSualebiT aRsadgenad da axali saqmianobis sakeTeblad.
orive SemTxvevaSi metad saWiro da WeSmritad sakeTebeli ram xdeba. kerZod, pasiurobis gaaqtiuroba xdeba pirvel
SemTxvevaSi, xolo Warbi aqtiurobis zomier aqtiurobaSi gadayvana xdeba meore SEemTxvevaSi. pirvel SemTxvevaSi, Sinagani wesrigis gardaqmna xdeba transcendenciad, cocxal myiseul SegrZnebad. es RvTaebrivi cxovelmyofeluri procesia,
rodesac warsulis gadafaseba xdeba. am SemTxvevaSi warmoudgenlad didi damxmare saSualebaa monanieba. monaniebis saSualebiT xdeba umniSvnelovanesi ram, kerZod warsulSi momxdar movlenebze da warsulSi Sexvedril pirovnebebze mijaWvulobisagan gaTavisufleba, gankiTxvisagan gasvla, usamarTlobis SegrZnebis amoZirkva da absoluturad yvelafris obieqtur realobad miReba. Sedegad xdeba warsulidan
awmyoSi gadmosvla da mimdinare wamiT cxovrebaze gadarTva
(ra Tqma unda, es yvelaze sasurvel, idealur SemTxvevaSi).
meore SemTxvevaSi ki, Warbi aqtiurobis zomier aqtiurobaSi gadayvanis SemTxvevaSi xdeba Sinagani qaosis gardaqmna
harmoniad, mdgrad Zlier myudroebad. esec, ra Tqma unda,
86

RvTiuri procesia, rodesac sakuTari iniciativiT dagegmarebuli momavlis gadafaseba xdeba. am SEemTxvevaSi warmoudgenlad did damxmared gvevlineba aRsareba. aRsarebis saSualebiT xdeba momavalSi sakuTari SexedulebiT dagegmarebuli sasurveli movlenebis gadafaseba da sakuTar ocnebebze
mijaWvebulobisagan gaTavisufleba. yvelaze mniSvenlovani
ki rac xdeba, es gaxlavT mama RmerTis pirovnebaze sakuTari
Tavis damorCilebis survilis gamoTqma da amis seriozuli
mcdeloba sakuTar pirovnebaSi. swored mama RemTTan xdeba
aRiareba sakuTari zedmetobisa anu momavalSi sakuTari SexedulebiT awyobis simcdaris aRiareba da Txovna imisa, rom
patiebul iqnas igi sakuTari saqcielisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi
umTavresi gaxlavT is, rom adamianma, misma gulma WeSmaritad
moaxdinos momavalSi gaTvaliswinebuli ocnebebisagan gaTavisufleba da awmyoSi mimdinare movlenebis saWirod da WeSmritad obieqturad marTva daiwyos. daubrundes obieqturi
realobis mimdinareobas.
mokled Tu CamovayalibebT, miviRebTY, rom annaSi mamakacur sawyisSi materializirebuli cocxali arseba ocnebebidan unda gamovides da maT adgilas sulieri codniT unda Caanacvlos dasamkvidrebeli WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb, xolo qalur sawyisSi eWvebisagan unda gamovides da maT adgilas sulieri codniT unda Caanacvlos damkvidrebuli WeSmaritebis anu zogadi cnobierebis Sesaxeb.

azrovneba (eWvebi) da Sinagani wesrigi (transcendencia)

azrovneba annamaias igive materialuri sakvebis miRebis
aucileblobis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia.
mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri sizarmacis, pasiurobis
sistemiT cxovrebis Sedegad miREebuli nawilis ganeitraleba moiazreba da mas gare materialuri uxeSi sakvebis saSualebebiT momaragebisa da uzrunvelyofis aucileblobis winaSe ayenebs.
iqamde, vidre e. w. pasiuroba nebismieri formiT Cagrovebuli, materializirebuli, ganxorcielebuli saxiT gamovlinebuli arsebobs, materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi,
87

masSi aucileblad iarsebebs azrovneba, romelic Semdgom

aucileblad gardaiqmneba eWvebSi. es gamoixateba imiT, rom
statuskvo anu arsebul damkvidrebuli pirobiTobebis sistemaSi am arsebas Semoaqvs TAavis mier gamogonebuli pirobiTobebi. isini mis TavSi yovelTvis erTi da imave tonaluri
intonaciebiT iwyeba : `es ki asea, magram is, ase da ase rom
moxdes...~ da am `ase da ase~-Si yovelTvis angariSobs negatiurs, raimes TAavisi materialuri sxeulis (gonebis) gadasaxedidan cuds, Semdeg ahyveba am Tavis hipoTezebs, ufro gaaRrmavebs, gazrdis da vidre sakuTar Tavs panikur SiSebamde
ar miiyvans ar gaCerdeba. Tanac, mxolod imitom Cerdeba, rom
meti fiqris Tavi, ubralod, arara aqvs imdenad iRleba, rom
araqaTi ecleba da tvingadaRlili da damZimebuli iwyebs
damwuxrebuli glovas imis gamo, rom Turma ramdeni ubedureba da satkivari elodeba win. es warmodgenili negatiuroba misi cxovrebis realoba xdeba TiTqos. es adamiani sakuTar
Tavsac mwuxarebaSi amyofebs amis Semdeg da sxva adamianebsac
aba sixaruls rogorRa moutans. es yvelaferi imitom xdeba,
rom es pirovneba calsaxad SenarCunebaze fiqrobs da zrunavs da ubralod, imis eSinia, rom ar dakargos is, rac gaaCnia, radganac pasiurobis es nawili ise gajda masSi, rom Zieba
raime pozitiuri siaxlis, saerTod aRar xdeba.
SeiZleba Zalian gasakvirad JRerdes, magram am nawilSi es
arseba WeSmaritad mkvdar mdgomareobaSi imyofeba. sikvdilis cnebis WeSmariti gamovlineba swored rom ai es gaxlavT
da ara sulis mier sxeulis datovebis gardamavali periodi
da sulis sxeulis gareSe arsebobis Sualedi. piriqiTac kia,
Tu suls aRar daudgeba imis aucilebloba, rom axal materialur sxeulSi Casaxldes da sulier samyaroSi naturaluri,
bunebrivi saxiT gaagrZelos arseboba swored rom es aris
WeSmaritad srulyofili da namdvili sicocxlis gamovlineba.
am kategoriis warmomadgeneli materializirebuli cocxali arsebebi, rbilad rom iTqvas, momavals jerovnad ar
afaseben, ufro swored momavlisTvis aucilebeli evoluciuri ganviTarebisTvis saWiro cnobierebis Secnoba ar surT
da warsulSi ganvlili momxdari movlenebis aSkarad zedmeti gadafasebiT, emociur SegrZnebaze mijaWvulobiT cxov88

roben. ai, es agdebT maT aseT arcTu saxarbielo, savalalo

mdgomareobaSi. Tu pirovnebas TviTon ar gauCndeba survili
`Tvalis axelisa~ da aqedan gamosvlisa, Caketili gonebis
gaxsnis saSualebiT, misTvis rCeva-darigebebisa da misi dakvalianebis Tundac mxurvale, aqtiur mcdelobas absoluturad araviTari azri ar gaaCnia.
Tavisdauneburad eWvebi pirdapir kritikul midgomas
warmoadgens gangebasTan mimarTEbaSi. Tu konkretulad aviRebT, es aris suliwmidasTan dapirispirebis mdgomareobaSi
gadasvla. suliwmida (deda RmerTi) rogorc bedis qalRmerTi yvela cocxal arsebas yovelTvis zedmiwevniT obieqturad ganusazRvravs cxovrebiseul movlenebsa da situaciebs
da vinc sakuTari cxovrebiseuli movlenebis mimdinareobis
detalebSi negatiurobis ZiebiTa da am Sexedulebebis aRzevebiT aris dakavebuli, surs es mas Tu ara, pirdapir suliwmidas swamebs cils imaSi, rom igi usamarTlod eqceva Turme.
SeiZleba Zalian ucnaurad JRerdes, magram es yovelive swored rom asea.
albaT sainteresoa am mimarTEebis sapirispiro mimarTuleba, anu TviT pasiurobis SEedegobriv maCvenebelSi rogor
unda moxdes iseTi midgoma, rom TviT es, ukve SEedegobrivi
done, damxmare saSualeba daxdes sulieri WuWyis gan(r)wmendisa. vidre azrovneba eWvebSi gadaizrdeba pirovnebaSi am
Sedegobriv doneze arsebobs Sinagani wesrigi (grafikuli
Tanamimdevruli wesi da rigi). ai, swored es wesrigi unda
gardaiqmnas cocxal moqmedebad, azrovneba ki eWvebSi ki ara,
aramed gonebis doneze am Sinagani wesrigis warmoSobisa da
axsnis surviliTa da saqmianobiT unda dakavdes. realurad,
es iqneba warsulze mijaWvulobisagan neli da zomieri, Tanamimdevruli gaTavisufleba da awmyos SegrZnebaze gadasvla.
maSin eWvebis warmoqmna SeuZlebelic ki gaxdeba.
Sinagani wesrigi annas igive sulieri sakvebis miREebis aucileblobis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia.
mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri sibejiTis, pasiurobis
gaaqtiurebis sistemiT cxovrebis survilis Casaxva moiazreba, romelic pirovnebas sakuTari individualuri sulis sakuTari materialuri sxeulis saSualebiT momaragebisa da
uzrunvelyofis aucileblobis winaSe daayenebs, anu sxeuli
89

sulis interesebis ganxorcielebis saSualeba gaxdeba da seriozul daxmarebas gauwevs.

swored amaSi imaleba im saqcielis deda azri Tu ratom
unda gamoiyurebodes qali yovelTvis mimzidvelad, esTetikurad sasiamovnod, rom masTan urTierTobis survili gauCndes mamakacs. magram aqac didi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, ras gulisxmobs amaSi Tavad qali (mamakacze rom aRaraferi
vTqvaT). Tu es mimzidveloba (moZraoba, saubris tonaloba,
saxis silamaze, Rimili, Cacmuloba, sikekluce, sifaqize da a.
S.) qalis mier mxolod imisTvis moixmareba, rom sakuTari
sxeuli moandomos, es marTlac ukanaskneli sazizRrobaa,
magram Tu qali Tavs mxolod sxeulad miiCnevs mas mets, principSi verc mosTxov. saboloo jamSi, igi meZaveobis gzas daadgeba. magram, Tuki qalis mier es imisaTvis moixmareba, rom
sakuTari suli daanaxos sakuTari sxeulis saSualebiT da sakuTar sulTan urTierToba moandgomos mamakacs, es marTlac erT-erTi umSvenieresi ramaa, rac ki materialur samyaroSi arsebobs. saboloo jamSi, es qali aucileblad ipovis
mamakacs, romelic masSi arsebul am Sinagan wesrigs Sinagan
transcendenciad gardaqmnis, isini aucileblad gaerTiandebian da Tavis urTierTobriv mikrosamyaroSi srulyofil
bendierebaSi galeven maTTvis gansazRvruli miwieri arsebobis periods.
Tavis motyuebas ar daviwyeb da vityvi, rom esaa yvelaze
udidesi, mTavari da umniSvnelovanesi ram, risi gulisTvisac am materialur samyaroSi me miRirs, rom davrCe da vicxovro mas SEemdeg, rac ukve vasruleb Cemi sulieri WuWyis
gan(r)wmendis process, imxelaze, ramxelazec me amis unari
meyo.
anna es aris umSvenieresi procesi, sadac (qalur sawyiszea laparaki) araTu eWvi, azrovnebac ki ver ikidebs fexs. Tu
pirovneba pasiurobis Sedegs, Sinagan wesrigs tanscendentciad gardaqmnis e. i. gonebis TvaliT da, raRa QTqma unda, meore materializirebuli, TAavisze maRla mdgomi eTikuri
cocxali arsebis saSualebiT da uangaro daxmarebiT warsulze sakuTar mijaWvulobebs zogad cnobierul doneze
dainaxavs, aRiqvams da gaTavisufldeba im emociebisagan,
romlebsac is grZnobad moixseniebda. ra Tqma unda, aq lomis
90

wili am pirovnebis mimmarTvelze, sulier moZRvarze, megobarze, Cemi saxelmZRvaneloebis donidan, WeSmarit meuRleze (qmarze) modis, magram Tu TAavad misgan, am SEemTxvevaSi colisagan, ar momdinareobs es mimarTulebiTi survili, samwuxarod, am saqmidan msgavsi veraferi ar gamova.

gemovneba (ocnebebi) da Sinagani qaosi (harmonia)

gemovneba annamaias igive materialuri sakvebis miRebis
aucileblobis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri sijiutis, Warbi aqtiurobis sistemiT cxovrebis Sedegad miRebuli nawilis ganeitraleba moiazreba gare materialuri uxeSi sakvebis saSualebiT, romelic pirovnebas materialuri sxeulis gare
damxmare saSualebebiT moZiebisa da gamoyenebis, aTvisebis
aucileblobis winaSe ayenebs.
iqamde, vidre e. w. Warbi aqtiuroba nebismieri formiT
warmosaxuli, gansaxorcielebeli survilis saxiT gamosavlineblad gaTvaliswinebuli arsebobs materializirebul
cocxal arsebaSi, masSi aucileblad iarsebebs (mama RmerTis
Sexedulebebisagan gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi), romlebic
Semdgom aucileblad gardaiqmneba ocnebebSi. es zogadad gamoxatuli iqneba imiT, rom statuskvo anu arsebul damkvidrebul upirobiTobebis sistemaSi am arsebas moundeba Semoitanos Tavis mier gamogonebuli upirobiTobebi. isini mis
gulSi yovelTvis erTi da imave sixSiriT feTqaven da amtkiceben, rom is, rac arsebobs da aris, ise ki ar unda iyos, aramed ise, rogorc es mas sjera da surs. am rwmenasa da survilSi es arseba yovelTvis gulisxmobs pozitiurs Tavisi materialuri sxeulis mgrZnobelobiT, SegrZnebad realobaSi arsebuls, anu surs es arsebuli pozitiuroba ufro dadebiTi,
funqcionalurad produqtuli, ufro pozitiuri muxtis
mqone iyos. Semdeg, ahyveba ra am Tavis hipoTezebs, ufro aRrmavebs, zrdis da vidre sakuTar pirovnebas mTlianad ar
moswyvitavs mimdinare realobas, iqamde ar anebebs am moqmedebas Tavs. am dawvrilebiT ganxilvasac mxolod imitom anebebs Tavs, rom aravin aRar rCeba Tavis garSemo, visac moun91

deba imis gaziareba, rasac aseTi saTuTi mowiwebiTa da didi

siyvaruliT udgeba. am arsebaze, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom man Tavisi gemovneba ocnebebis SeqmnaSi gadaiyvana, magram am ocnebebSi aravin aRmoCnda mis gverdiT. es yvelaferi ki imitom
xdeba, rom es pirovneba calsaxad Ziebaze fiqrobs, ukve moZiebuli jer ara aqvs realur materialur doneze napovni da
ganxorcielebuli da warmosaxvis doneze arsebuli, moZiebulis saSualebiT, ufro Rrmad Ziebisken iRebs gezs. mas ganuwyvetliv surs siaxlis Semotana Tavis Sida arsSi. Sedegad, igi ar marto warsuls, aramed awmyosac srulad swydeba
da TAavis garSemo arsebuli materialuri cocxali arebebisaTvis sruliad gaugebari, Zalian Znelad gasagebi da aRsaqmeli xdeba. maT ratomRac xom unda moindomon didi Sroma
gaswion da CauRrmavdnen am Sexedulebebs. es ki, realurad
mxolod am SemTxvevaSi unda moxdes, Tu es gangebis nebis gamovlinebis interesebSi iqneba. ise rom, vidre ocnebebi gangebis nebis interesebze ar aewyoba (droiT-sivrcobriv
WrilSi rogorc minimum) eTikuri kanonebis darRvevis gareSe martoobidan Tavis daRwevis aranairi Sansi ar eqneba.
friad gasakvirad gaismeba, magram am kategoriis adamianebi metismetad cocxali interesebiT, garemosTvis provokaciuli infromaciis SemotaniT arian dainteresebulni.
isini realurad axerxeben `drois gaswrebas~ e. i. awmyoSi arsebul zogad cnobierebaze ufro did cnobierebaSi wvdomas,
magram, Tu maT mier mignebuli es axali cnobiereba dasamkvidrebel WeSmaritebas, minimum Zalian did nawilSi ar emTxveva, maTi ganwiruli suliskevTeba udabnoSi mRaRadeblis
xmad darCenis realuri kandidatia.
am kategoriis warmomadgenlebi, realurad rom Sefasdes, warsuls jerovnad ar afaseben, saWirod ar uRrmavdebian ukve damkvidrebul zogad cnobierebas. samagierod, zedmetad afaseben, zedmetad did yuradRebas aqceven momavalsa
da masSi mosaxden movlenebs aSkarad zedmeti piradi iniciativianobiT uRrmavdebian. amiT, Tavisdauneburad, isini gangebis interesebTan da gangebis mier mamakacur sawyisSi pirad warmomadgenlad daniSnuli pirovnebis, samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebis, mama RmerTis dapirispirebaSi xvdebian. es,
arcTu ise Zneli gasagebia. mama RmerTi xom, principSi, uSua92

lod piradad amtkicebs dasamkvidrebel WeSmaritebas Tavis

funqcionalur da vizualur nawilSi.
rogor unda SeZlos am kategoriis cocxalma arsebam sakuTari ocnebebi dasamkvidrebel cnobierebas Seusabamos
da, ufro metic, misTvis dasamkvidrebeli cnobierebis migneba ufro mniSvnelovani gaxdes, vidre sakuTar gulSi Casaxuli gansxvavebuli gemovnebis ocnebebad gardaqmna. kidev
ufro metic SeiZleba iTqvas, rogor unda SeZlos sakuTar
gulSi arsebuli mama RmerTisadmi umwikvlo da uangaro erTgulebad da absolutur ndobad gardaqmnas. amaze didi mizani, principSi, am arsebebisTvis ubralod SeuZlebelia arsebobdes maTive sakeTilDdReod.
Sinagani qaosi annas igive sulieri sakvebis miREebis aucileblobis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia.
mis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sulieri Seupovrobis, Warbi aqtiurobis zomier aqtiurobaSi gadayvanis sistemiT cxovrebis
survilis Casaxva moiazreba, romelic pirovnebas sakuTari
individualuri sulis mier sakuTari individuluri sxeulis interesebis gaTvaliswinebisa da uzrunvelyofis aucileblobis winaSe daayenebs. suli sulieri WuWyis warmoCinebul nawils (sxeulis saxiT) gan(r)wmedasa da gaspetakebaSi
daexmaeba.
swored amaSi imaleba deda azri imisa, Tu ratom unda
iyos mamakaci yovelTvis miukerZoeblad obieqturi, eTikurad samarTliani, rom masTan urTierTobisas qals mis uangarobasa da misdami sandoobaSi iotisodena eWvi ar Seeparos.
ra Tqma unda, am SemTxvevaSic uzarmazari mniSvenloba aqvs
ra mizani amoZravebs mamakacs. Tu mas materialur samyaroSi
maqsimaluri siamovnebis miRebis survili amoZravebs, es obieqturobiT midgoma gardauvlad butaforiuli iqneba da
mTeli misi saqmianoba spekulaciaze iqneba awyobili. es ki, im
SemTxvevaSi moxdeba Tuki mamakacs sakuTari `me~ sxeulTan
aqvs gaigivebuli. magram, Tuki is sakuTari `me~-s individualur sakuTar sulTan aigivebs maSin misi umTavresi mizani
sulier samyaroSi dabruneba iqneba da sxvebisTvisac (am SemTxvevaSi qalisTvis) sulier samyaroSi dabrunebaSi daxmarebis gaweva iqneba. maSin misgan gamomdinare obieqturoba WeSmariti, arabutaforiuli iqneba da mama RmerTi mas dasam93

kvidrebeli cnobierebis Sesabamis sulier codnas aziarebs.

is, am SemTxvevaSi, sruliad ganejaWveba materialur samyaros, Tumca materialur samyaroSi uzarmazar bednierebasa
da sixaruls moutans yvalas da WeSmarit samarTlianobas,
uangarobasa da obieqturobas daamkvidrebs gangebis mier
misTvis gansazRvruli da miniWebuli samflobelos sazRvrebSi. is moaxdens sakuTar materialur sxeulSi arsebuli
Sinagani qaosis harmoniad gardaqmnas, gamoricxavs Zaladobis yovelgvar gamovlinebas Tavisi mxridan da yvelgan, sadac es misi uflebrivi marTvis nawilSi iqneba gamovlenili,
aRkveTs.
qalTan, Tavis Sesabamis, WeSmaritad Rirseul mewyvilesTan urTierToba Sinagani qaosis harmoniad gardaqmnis saqmeSi upirveles da umniSvnelovanes process warmoadgens. swored mamakacis mxridan Tavis meore nawilTan, Tavis meuRlesTan unda moxdes, pirvel rigSi, mama RmerTis mier misTvis miniWebuli dasamkvidebeli cnobierebis sulieri codnis saxiT procialuri micema-gaziareba. ra Tqma unda, es unda mimdinareobdes qalis mxridan momdinare surviliTa da misi
cxoveli interesiT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, meuRleTa urTierTobaSi aucileblad gaCndeba bzari. Tu qals aRar moundeba sakuTari Sinagani wesrigis transcendentul doneze
gardaqmna maTi sruli erTianobis srulyofili faza dasruldeba. Tumca misaTvis mamakacis mxridan amis ZaliT TAavze
moxveva saSinlad didi, gamousworebeli Secdoma iqneboda.
friad sainteresoa, ra meTods iyenebs am SemTxvevaSi
krSna Tavis usayvarles meuRlesTan, rukminTan, mimarTEbaSi,
rodesac es ukanaskneli aRar cdilobs sakuTari Sinagani
wesrigis transcendenciad gardaqmnas krSnas mxridan sulieri codnis axali porciis miRebis saSualebiT. krSna faqizad
(da Semdeg uxeSAadac ki) axsenebs, rom Tu igi (rukmini) sulierad kidev ufro gazrdisken ar mimarTavs TAavis nebas, maTi
urTierTobebi iseTi aramiwieri, ubralod, veRar iqneba rogoric isini iyo aqamde, sanam rukmini krSnas saerTod dainaxavda (rogorc warmosaxviT meuRles) da rogorc iyo mas Semdeg, rac is misi usayvarlesi coli gaxda. krSna afrTxilebs
mas, rom Tu es urTierTobebi materialur samyaroze mijaWvulobaSi, materialur sxeulze mijaWvulobaSi gadaizrde94

ba, maSin maT daSoreba mouwevT amis Sedegad, rukmins Tavzari ecema, rom SeiZleba, TAavisSi sulieri codnis ar matebis
survilma, krSnasTan urTierToba daakargvinos da gonebas
kargavs. ris SEemdgomac, is gamogonebuli ukve sxva TvaliT
(isev sulieri TvaliT) iwyebs krSnas danaxvas da isev ubrundeba mxurvale survili is masSi Cagrovebuli Sinagani wesrigic, rac aris transcendenciad iqamde gardaqmnas, vidre iqneba materialur samyaroSi. saocaria karSnas taqti da, amave
dros, miukerZoebeli obieqturobis gamovlineba TviT usayvarles meuRlesTan mimarTebaSic ki. is wamieradve imis Sesabamisad xdeba, rac am patara usiamovno momentis SEemdgom
rukminSi idebs binas, amaze ufro Rrma da mniSvnelovani.
col-qmruli sulieri urTierTobebis kritikuli momentis
gadawyvetis sakiTxSi, me arc araferi wamikiTxavs da albaT,
verc verafers veRar wavawydebi. ise moagvaro problema, rom
pirvel rigSi, gangebasTan araferi daarRvio da, meore rigSi, aranairi formiT nebayofilobiTobisa da araZaladobis
principi ar daarRvio colTan (rodesac gulwrfelobis xarisxi da raodenoba ar aris damakmayofilebeli) amaze ukeT,
Cemis azriT, ubralod, SeuZlebelia. es aspeqti ubralod,
uzomod mniSvnelovnad mimaCnda da amitom davuTme amxela
adgili Cemi wignis pirveli Tavis bolo damagvirgvinebel nawilSi.
vinc sulieri sakvebis miRebas Seimcirebs, is materialur
sakvebs mieZaleba da, droTa ganmavlobaSi, mTlianad gadasuli materialur sakvebze, mTavar mizans, sulier samyaroSi
dabrunebis survils, daiviwyebs da dahkargavs.

95

mTlianad I nawilis mokle faseulobrivi aRwera

mamakacuri sawyisi

qaluri sawyisi

ananda gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gardaqmniloba

sulieri gandegiloba
TviTkmaroba sakuTar `me~-Si Tavsarwmunoeba mimdinare realobaSi
dapirvelad arsebuli cnobierebis
arsebuli darRveuli nawilis sazaRdgena da misi obieqturi Sefaseba
Rvrebis Sesabamisi cnobierebis gamovlineba
anandamaia sakuTari iniciativebis realizaciis saSualebad gardaqmniloba

warmarTuloba
yofiTkmaroba mecadineoba damvizualuri religia mimdinare reakvidrebuli cnobierebis SesacnolobaSi darRveuli gakultebuli nabad da obieqturad Sesafaseblad
wilis ritualuri dacva
vijnana gangebis mier moniWebuli uflebamosileba
qvelmoqmedeba
mecniereba statuskvo pirobiTokultura statuskvo upirobiTobebis Sesruleba
bebis dakmayofileba
vijnanamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli uflebamosileba
angarebiTi TviTuzrunvelyofa
TviTgakerpeba statuskvo pirobikerpTayvanismcemloba statuskvo
TobebSi pozitiurobis Setanis
upirobiTobebSi arsebuli negatiumcdelobebi
robis pozitiurobad aRqma
mano gangebis mier dakisrebuli pasuxismgebloba
sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi
SEemecneba pirobiTobebis
funqcionaluri religiuroba
ar Semotana
upirobiTobebis ar gazrda
manomaia sakuTari inicaiativiT aRebuli pasuxismgebloba
materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi
garegani qaosi Semotanili pirobigaregani wesrigi Semotanil upiToebebis ar Semotana
robiTobebze mijaWva
prana gangebis mier dakisrebuli movaleoba
sulieri msxverplSewirva
garemos Secnoba araWarbi, zomieri
Semoqmedeba pasiurobidan gamosaqtiuroba
vla gaaqtiurebisken
pranamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli movaleoba
materialuri msxverplSewirva
garemoze zemoqmedeba
zemoqmedeba sakuTar `me~-ze
Warbi aqtiuroba
pasiuroba
anna gangebis mier moniWebuli ufleba
sulieri sakvebi
Sinagani qaosi - aRsareba
Sinagani wesrigi monanieba
annamaia sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli ufleba
materialuri sakvebi
gemovneba (ocnebebi)
azrovneba (eWvebi)
upirobiTobis Semotana
pirobiTobebis Semotana

96

II nawili
srulyofilebis miRweva sakuTari `me~-s
gamovlinebis sazRvrebSi
arasrulyofilebis kompleqsis aRmofxvra mxolod WeSmariti srulyofilebiT SeiZleba ise, rom arasrulyofilebam es gansxvavebuloba srulad gacnobierebuli unda SeigrZnos, vidre WeSmarit srulyofilebad ar gardaiqmneba.
srulyofilebis kompleqsi arasrulyofilebis srulyofilebad monaTvlis Sedegad yalibdeba da mkvidrdeba.
srulyofilebis kompleqss mxolod WeSmariti srulyofileba gaumklavdeba materialur samyaroSi (rameTu srulyofilebis kompleqsis arseboba mxolod materialur samyaroebSi
da qvesamyaroebSia SesaZlebeli) da azrs ki, albaT, Znelad
Tu (ufro swored ver) Seacvlevinebs, magram mavne Sexedulebebis gavrcelebas da damkvidrebas aRmofxvris am srulyofilebis kompleqsis matarebel warmomadgenlobiT nawilTan
erTad.
im nawilTan SedarebiT, romelsac CemTan SedarebiT meti
arasrulyofileba anu ufro meti arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi gaaCnia da es awuxebs anu arasrulyofilebis
kompleqsiT (SegrZnebiT) aris daavadebuli, maTTan midgomisas me ufro naklebad unda mindodes maT gaasworon es arasworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi da sworad Sefasebul Sexedulebebad gadaaqcion, vidre es maT Tavad surT suliT, guliT da gonebiT.

nebismieri urTierToba (kontaqti), rogorc sqesobrivi

urTierTobebis gamovlinebis raoba
mimmarTveli nawili am urTierTobebisa (rogorc mamakacuri sawyisi) ar unda udgebodes misamarT, samarTav nawils
(rogorc qalur sawyiss) ise, rogorc `wasakiTx wigns~ anu Tavisi interesebis dakmayofilebis saSualebas. xolo samarTavi nawili (qaluri sawyisi) ar unda udgebodes mimmarTvel nawils (mamakacur sawyiss) urTierTobebisa rogorc `wakiTxul wigns~, Tavis interesebis siamovnebis saSualebas.
97

Semdgomad imisa, rac mimmarTveli nawili raRac informacias WeSmarit gonebad gardaqmnis, ar unda daimuxtos imis
surviliT, rom misi realizacia moaxdinos am WeSmariti
codnis gavrcelebis saxiT. is unda mivides im donis aRqmamde da Segnebamde, rom SEecnobili codnis gavrcelebisTvis
saWiro da sasurveli situacia uSualod gangebis mier unda
SEeiqmnas da ara misi pirovnebis mier xelovnurad Seqmnili
situaciebiT imoqmedos. es aris ara rekomendacia, aramed
aucileblad gasaTavliswinebeli piroba, romlis nebismieri
fromiT darRveva gardauvlad gamoiwvevs arasasruvel Sedegebs rogorc TavisTvis, anu mimmarTvelisaTvis (mamakacuri
sawyisisaTvis), ise marTulisTvis (qaluri sawyisisTvis). Tu
pirovneba am pirobas TavisTvis uzenaesi kanonis donemde gaiTavisebs aucileblad dadgeba im potencialis realizaciis
raobis sakiTxi, romelic Seiqmna WeSmariti codnis ukve SeZenasa da am codnaze ufro didi WeSMmariti codnis SeZenamde
arsebuli droiT-sivrcobriv vakuumSi.
Tu wamyvani mimmarTveli nawili (anu mamakacuri sawyisi)
raRAac WeSmarit codnas SeiZens, AaRiqvams da SegrZnebis doneze gaiTavisebs, gangeba mas aucileblad moaxvedrebs iseT
kontaqtur garemoSi samarTavad, mimyol nawilTan (anu qalur sawyisTan), romelsac am codnasTan ziareba, misi Secnoba esaWiroeba am mimmarTvelis (mamakacuri sawyisis) saSualebiT. magram vidre mamakacur sawyiss es WeSmariti codna gonebis doneze aRqmuli aqvs, magram grZnobis doneze jer ar
SeuTvisebia gangeba aucileblad Seecdeba TAavi Seikavos am
kontaqturi situaciebis Seqmnisagan. e. i. am e. w. vakuumis
warmoqmnis periodSi mamakacuri sawyisi unda dakavdes aRqmuli WeSmariti codnis WeSmaritad SegrZnebiT. yovel SEemTvevaSi, misi mxridan gamovlinebuli situaciebis xelovnurad Seqmnili mcdeloba masSi arsebuli sulswrafobisa da
mouTmenlobis maCvenebeli iqneba da meti veraferi. misi yvela mcdeloba WeSmaritebis ar darRveviT raimenairi warmatebis miRwevisa, marcxisTvis iqneba ganwiruli.
Tu is amas ar akeTebs, magram imiTiRa kavdeba, rom elodeba gangebas rodis Seiyvans igi mamakacur sawyiss funqcionalur Tu vizualur kontaqtSi e. w. qalur sawyisTan, masSi
akumulirebuli WeSmariti codnis gasaziareblad, maSin am
98

mamakacur sawyisSi aucileblad gaiRviZebs sqesobrivi

ltolvis survili, romelic SeiZleba Tavadve aRizianebdes
sakuATar `me~-ze drodadro kontrolis dakargvis gamo.
am lodins e. w. mamakacuri sawyisi sjobs gonebiT aRqmuli WeSmariti codnis gadaxedvas daubrundes da misi srulyofilad SegrZnebisaTvis daxarjos sakuTari potenciali.
nebismieri potenciuri energia, magaliTad, wylis mdgomareobiT SeiZleba avxsnaT. moZravi wyali, gansakuTrebiT miwaSi
Camavali da Semdgom miwidan gamomavali sufTaa, mtknaria da
sicocxlis wyaros warmoadgens, xolo uZrav mdgomareobaSi
gadasuli wyali binZuria, lpeba da sikvdilis wyaro xdeba.
Tuki gangeba e. w. mamakacur sawyiss araSegrZebuli, magram gonebis mier aRqmuli Tundac WeSmariti codnis gacemas
DAdaexmareba, maSin es ukanaskneli zomieriebas ver daicavs da
e. w. qalur sawyiss imaze met informaciul codnas miawvdis,
vidre mas amis aRqmisa da adaptirebis unari gaaCnia. es TavisTavad gamoiwvevs e. w. qaluri sawyisis mxridan distancirebis survils e. w. mamakacur sawyisTan mimarTebaSi, raTa misTvis miwodebuli informacia aiTvisos. am e.w. mamakacur sawyiss ki mouTmenlobis Jini hklavs da surs Sefasebul iqnas
jerovnad. faqtiurad metismetad didi albaToba imisa (albaT upriania iTqvas gardauvalia), rom e. w. qaluri sawyisi
bolomde mainc ver SeZlebs mTeli miwodebuli informaciuli WeSmariti codnis srul siRrmiseul aRqmas da igi sqesobrivi ltolvis surviliT daimuxteba. es imaSi iqneba gamoxatuli, rom funqcionalurad ver aRqmuli nawilis aTvisebas informaciis wyarosTan vizualuri kontaqtis xarjze
moindomebs. amazec winaswar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom vizualuri
kontaqtis saSualebiT asaTviseblad ukve gacemuli informaciuli WeSmriti codnis gonebismier doneze aRqma e. w. qaluri sawyisis mier ver moxdeba da igi mxolod emociur doneze iqneba aRqmuli, isic mxolod da mxolod vizualuri
urTierTobrivi kontaqtis mimdinareobis procesSi.
es e. w. mamakacuri sawyisis iluziur dakmayofilebas iwvevs. igi an marTla ver xvdeba an imiTac kmayofildeba, rom e.
w. qalurma sawyisma mis mier mowodebuli informaciuli WeSmariti codna gonebrivi aRqmis safuZvelze ki ar aRiara rogorc Rirebuli da Rirseuli mimmarTveli, aramed emociuri
99

aRqmis safuZvelze. Sedegad ki, imis nacvlad, rom mamakacur

sawyisSi arsebuli WeSmariti codna gonebismier aRqmidan
grZnobismier aRqmamde gadasuliyo, ambiciismier aRqmaSi gadadis da Tavadve imuxteba sqesobrivi ltolvis dauokebeli
surviliT. aseTia maameblobis SeSvebis Sedegi TAavisSi mamakacuri sawyisis mier qaluri sawyisis mxridan. ai, ase SeiZleba gadaiqces WeSmariti codnis raRAac fragmentaluri nawili nebismieri cocxali arsebis dacemis mizezad.
amitom yvelas (vgulisxmob srulyofis gzaze damdgars)
vurCevdi sakuTari pirovnebis CaTvliT, nu gamoiCenT sulswrafobasa da mouTmenlobas. icodeT, rom es gangebis pirdapiri kritikis arapirdapiri gamovlineba gaxlavT. amis keTebas sjobs saWiro saqmianobiT dakavdeT da icodeT, sadac
zedmeti informaciis gacemas an miRebas cdilobT, SegrZnebis ignorirebis Sedegad, gangeba yovelTvis ecdeba Tqvens
koreqtirebas nebismieri misTvis misaRebi saSualebiT. girCevT mousminoT da CauRrmavdeT mis qmedebas TqvenTAan mimarTebaSi da sakuTari pirovnebis koreqtirebaSi anu TviTkoreqtirebisaTvis gamoiyenoT.
Tu sqesobrivi ltolvis meqanizmi amotivtivdeba TqvenSi e. i. Tqven gaqvT safuZvliani mizezi imisa, rom sakuTar
Tavze imuSaoT. es gansakuTrebiT exebaT mimmarTvelebs anu
e. w. mamakacuri sawyisis funqcionalur warmomadgenlebs.
maTSi arsebuli sqesobrivi ltolva mTlianad unda iyos mimyoli maTi Sesabamisi e. w. qaluri sawyisis funqcionaluri
warmomadgenlebisa.
am nawilSi aucileblad eTikisa da esTetikis aT-AaTi
mcnebis da maTi Sesabamisi aT-AAaTi principis dafiqsireba
(gaxseneba), romelTa safuZvelzec es mcnebebi Camoyalibda:

100

aTi mcneba
zogierTi ganmartebani:

mamakacuri sawyisi.  qaluri sawyisi.

maRal donesTan mimarTebaSi.
 Tanaswor donesTan mimarTebaSi.
 dabal donesTan mimarTebaSi.

pirveli mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

maradiuli samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebis srulyofil arsebad aRiareba da aRqma.
 I Sedegi suliwmidisa _ siyvaruli.
 giyvardes ufali RmerTi Seni yovliTa guliTa SeniTa da
yovliTa suliTa SeniTa da yovliTa gonebiTa SeniTa.
qaluri sawyisi

maradiuli samyaros uwmidesi pirovnebis srulyofil arsebad aRiareba da aRqma.
 I niWi suliwmidisa _ SiSi RvTisa.
 `me var ufali RmerTi Seni da ara iyvnen Senda RmerTni
ucxoni Cemsa gareSe~.

 meore mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

absoluturad yvela cocxali arsebis, individualuri
sulis `me~-d (ara ucxod, sxvad, mtrad, `ego~-d) aRiareba da
aRqma.
 II Sedegi suliwmidisa _ sixaruli.
 giyvardes moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi Tvisi.
qaluri sawyisi

samyaroSi warmoqmnili `ego~-s aranairi formiT ar daSveba, ar SeSveba `me~-Si.
 II niWi suliwmidisa _ RvTis msaxureba.
 `ara hqmne Tavisa Senisa kerpi, arca yovelive msgavsni,
raodeni ars caTa Sina-ze, raodeni ars qveyanasa zeda-qve
da raodeni ars wyalTa Sina-qveSe qveyanasa. ara Tayvansa
scemde maT, arca msaxurebde maT~.

mesame mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi
101


srulyofilebad gardaqmnisken mimarTva.

 III Sedegi suliwmidisa _ mSvidoba.
 yovelTvis ecade gaxde imaze ukeTesi, vidre xar.
qaluri sawyisi

arasrulyofilebis blokireba, misi gamijvna srulyofilebisagan da misi srulyofilebad gardaqmnis Zieba.
 III niWi suliwmidisa _ Zliereba.
 `ara moiRo saxeli RvTisa uflisa Senisa amaosa zeda~.
 meoTxe mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

morCili Tayvaniscema.
 IV Sedegi suliwmidisa _ sulgrZeloba.
 pativi miage da daemorCile mas, vinc Senze ufro maRalia
sulierad, upiratesia Senze.
qaluri sawyisi

Tayvaniscema yovelgvari piradi mosazrebis gareSe.
 IV niWi suliwmidisa _ ganzraxva.
 `moixsenie dRe igi SabaTi da wminda-hyav igi. eqvsi dRe
iqmode da hqmeni maT Sina yoveli saqme Seni, xolo dRe igi
meSvide SabaTi ars uflisa RvTisa Senisa~.

mexuTe mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

sakuTari arsis gamWvirvaleoba da gacema.
 V Sedegi suliwmidisa _ sitkboeba.
 mxolod maSin unda moaxdino sakuTari arsis gacema, rodesac es surs mas, visTvisac gascem Sens Sida arss anu Sens
`me~-s.
qaluri sawyisi

garemos Sesaxeb gacnobierebuli arsis gamWvirvaleoba da
gacema.
 V niWi suliwmidisa _ mecniereba.
 `pativi eci mamasa Sensa da dedasa Sensa, raTa keTili
geyos Sen da dRegrZel iyve qveyanasa zeda~.
 meeqvse mcneba
102

mamakacuri sawyisi

gulwrfeloba.
 VI Sedegi suliwmidisa _ siwminde.
 ecade arasodes ar dauSva SenSi tyuili da yovelTvis,
yvelgan da yvelaferSi iyavi is, rac xar.
qaluri sawyisi

gulaxdiloba.
 VI niWi suliwmidisa _ gulis-xmis-yofa.
 `ara (kac) hkla~.

meSvide mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

araZaladoba.
 VII Sedegi suliwmidisa _ sarwmunoeba.
 Senze sulierad dabla mdgoms mxolod maSin Seaswavle
rac ici, rodesac is amas gTxovs. amiT Sen ufro saWiro eqnebi misTvis, vidre is SenTvis da ar miejaWvebi mas.
qaluri sawyisi

didaqtika.
 VII niWi suliwmidisa _ sibrZne.
 `ara imruSo~.
 merve mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

mowafeobrivi Tanamimdevruloba.
 VIII Sedegi suliwmidisa _ myudroeba.
 ecade moiZio Sens sulier doneze ufro maRali donis
mqone pirovneba, daumowafdi, Sens maswavleblad aRiare igi
da sTxove gaswavlos rac ar ici.
qaluri sawyisi

`kult(i)~-uri Tanamimdevruloba.
 VIII niWi suliwmidisa _ aRzrda.
 `ara iparo~.

mecxre mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

TviTkmaroba.
103

 IX Sedegi suliwmidisa _ moTmineba (Zalaufleba sakuTar

`ego~-ze).
 nu ecdebi goneba gauxsna maT, vinc Senze mcirea sulierad
da es ar anaRvlebs (rom mcirea misi suliereba). is ufro mcire gaxdeba sulierad da Seni micemuli codniT ki bevrs gaamwarebs Semdgom. amaze ki pasuxi Sen mogeTxoveba Semdgom.
qaluri sawyisi

yofiTkmaroba.
 IX niWi suliwmidisa _ gancxroma (`me~-s kontrolze uaris Tqma).
 `ara cili swamo moyvassa Sensa wamebiTa cruiTa~.
 meaTe mcneba
mamakacuri sawyisi

nebayofilobiToba.
 X Sedegi suliwmidisa _ cxov(eluri)neba (arsebuli
`ego~-s gamovlineba).
 Tu migaCnia, rom is rac ici absoluturad damakmayofilebelia SenTvis, maSin yvelafers Tavi unda daanebo da sakuTari cxoveluri neba ganaxorcielo ise, rom azrovneba aRar
miaSvelo mas.
qaluri sawyisi

nebisyofa.
 X niWi suliwmidisa _ arseboba (`me~-s kontroli).
 `ara guli giTqmodes colisaTvis moyvasisa Senisa, arc
yanisa misisa, arca monisa misisa, arca mxevalisa misisa,
arca xarisa misisa, arca karaulisa misisa, raica iyves
moyvasisa Senisa~.
Tu Cemi an nebismieri sxva cocxali arsebis `me~-s materialur samyaroSi Camovardnis, moxvedris (zogisTvis ki piriqiT asvlis) Zireul safuZvlian mizezebs gamovikvlevT didis gamowvlilobiT, aseT rames miviRebT:
ramxelazec gangebis mier moniWebul uflebas srulad ar
gamoviyeneb, imxelaze warmovqmni Cems `me~-Si sakuTari inicativiT aRebuli movaleobis precendents.

104

ramxelazec gangebis mier dakisrebul movaleobas srulad ar Sevasruleb, imxelaze warmovqmni Cems `me~-Si sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli uflebis precendents.
Tu cocxali arseba daarRvevs erT parametrs avtomaturad daarRvevs meoresac. darRveviT ki arRvevs imitom, rom
ierarqiulad ufro maRal safexurze imaze ufro Cqara an
imaze ufro nela gadasvla moindoma, vidre is am gadasvlisTvis mzad iyo da, avtomaturad, ufro dabal safexurze
uwevs Camosvla e. w. `sarkis~, simetriis RerZis efeqtiT.
Tu cocxali arseba sulierad Zlieri bunebis mqone aRmoCndeba sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli uflebis Sesabamisi
movaleobis moZiebas daiwyebs da sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli movaleobis Sesabamisi uflebis moTxovnis survilic
unda gauCndes ukve dabal ierarqiul safexurze myof garemosTan mimarTebaSi. amisTvis man unda ixelmZRvanelos WeSmariti rwmenisa da WeSmariti ndobis urTierdamokidebulebis idealuri Tanaarsebobis zogadi principebiT. jer ver
gasworebul, darRveul nawilSi ki, calsaxad sarwmuno(v)nebisa da harmonizirebis urTierTdamokidebulebis idealuri
Tanaarsebobis zogadi principebiT unda ixelmZRvanelos.
axla ki Camovayalibeb am urTierTdamokidebulebaTa
cnobieri funqcionaluri arsis raobas, romelic arafriT
ar Camouvardeba Tavisi mniSvnelobiT im mcnebebs, romlebic
ukve Camoyalibebulia wina furclebze. dasawyisisTvis cotaoden ganvavrcob da vityvi, rom Tavisi globaluri strategiuli da taqtikuri gagebiT es aris is zemodusis gamovlineba, romelic naxsenebi iyo meore da mesame wignebSi. amjerad am modusebs odnav gadavarqmev saxelebs da movixsenieb: meobis modusad, saTno(v)nebis modusad, saamo(v)nebis modusad da gaucxovebis modusad.
magram es yvela modusebi umaRlesi gamovlinebulobis
`me~-s gadasaxedidan iqnebian Sefasebulni, aRqmulni, danaxulni da SegrZnobilni.
1. WeSmariti ndoba. meobis modusi. harmonizirebis procesi.
srulyofilebis miRweva sakuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis
sazRvrebSi, romlebic gangebis mier aris gansazRvruli.

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EWeSmariti rwmena unda miviRo maSin da mxolod maSin Tu

WeSmaritad erTguli var imisa, visganac (risganac) es minda
miviRo anu Tu WeSmariti ndoba gamaCnia.
es Cemi `me~-s gadasaxedidan sulieri codna iqneba.
es aris WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa miRebis damsaxureba Cems `me~-Si.
Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris momavali, romelic momavalSive
unda davtovo.
2. WeSmariti rwmena. saTno(v)nebis modusi. dakmayofilebis procesi.
Cemi `me~-s gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gardaqmna-gadaqceva.
WeSmariti ndobiT unda mivudge mas da mxolod mas, visac
WeSmariti rwmena gaaCnia minimum imdenad, ramdenadac me Tavadve.
es Cemi `me~-s gadasaxedidan sulieri keTildReoba iqneba.
es aris WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa realizacia Cems `me~-Si.
Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris momavali, romelic awmyoSi unda gamoviyeno.
3. WeSmariti sarwmunoeba. (siamo)vnebis modusi. siamovnebis procesi.
cnobieri urTierTobebis damyareba, romelTa saSualebiTac vecdebi Cemi `me~-s mier WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebis gaziarebas. am urTierTobebis mTavari azri Cemi `me~-sTvis TviTrealizaciis survilis gamovlinebisas saWiroebis zusti da skurpuliozuri porcialuri gaTavisebaa.
EWeSmariti ndoba unda miviRo maSin da mxolod maSin, Tu
amas moviTxov imxelaze, ramxela WeSmariti rwmenac gamaCnia,
anu ramxelazec WeSmaritad sworad maqvs Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi.
es Cemi `me~-s gadasaxedidan materialuri keTildReoba
iqneba.

106

es aris WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebul SexeulebaTa realizacia Cems `me~-Si arsebul `ego~-Si.
Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris warsuli, romelic awmyoSi unda
gamoviyeno.
4. WeSmariti wesrigi. gaucxovebulobis modusi. mowesrigebis procesi.
yofieri urTierTobebis damyareba, romlebsac Cems `me~Si jer kidev WeSmaritad arasrulyofilad sworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa Sesabamisi situaciebis saxiT SEemiqmnis
gangeba da romelTa saSualebiTac SevZleb Cemi `me~-sTvis
arsebuli materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis uzrunvelyofas.
WeSmariti rwmena unda mivce mas da mxolod mas, vinc WeSmritad Cemi erTgulia anu WeSmariti ndoba gaaCnia Cems mimarT da zustad imdenad unda mivce WEeSmaritad sworad Sefasebuli Sexedulebebi, ramdenadac TAavadve mTxovs.
es Cemi `me~-s gadasaxedidan materialuri codna iqneba.
es aris WeSmaritad sworad Sefasebul SexedulebaTa gacema, miniWeba Cems `me~-Si aRar arsebuli `ego~-sTvis.
Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris warsuli, romelic warsulSive
unda davtovo.
daskvna:
materialuri codna, materialuri keTildReoba, sulieri keTilDdREeoba da sulieri codna fardobiTi cnebebi arian
TavianT gamovlinebaSi. maTgan Sedgeba iseTi udidesi cnebebi rogorebicaa: 1. codna (transcendentuli gandegiloba);
2. moqmedeba (transcendentuli sibrZne); 3. movaleoba (transcendentuli silamaze); 4. gageba (transcendentuli dideba); 5. Seupovroba (transcendentuli Zlevamosileba); 6. mecniereba (transcendentuli simdidre).
Tu Cemi koncefcia WeSmritad marTalia da me marTla caTa sasufevlidan Camovvardi (CamovqveiTi) miwier, materialur samyaroSi maSin aucileblad unda movaxdino imis gansazRvra Tu ra moxda.

107

1. zecaSi gangebis nebis realizacia xdeba moniWebuli

uflebamosilebis kuTxiT da zecaSi uzenaesi pirovneba mama
RmerTia.
2. caTa sasufevelSi gangebis nebis realizacia xdeba moniWebuli uflebis kuTxiT da caTa sasufevlis uzenaesi pirovneba RvTis Zea.
3. samoTxeSi gangebis nebis realizacia xdeba dakisrebuli pasuxismgeblobis kuTxiT da samoTxis uzenaesi pirovneba
deda RmerTia anu suliwmidaa.
4. materialur samyaroSi gangebis nebis ralizacia xdeba
dakisrebuli movaleobis kuTxiT da materialuri samyaros
uzenaesi pirovneba RvTis asulia.
Tu am TezisebiT vixelmZRvaneleb, gamodis rom, me zecaSi gadasvlis surviliT anTebulma, gangebis mier moniWebul
uflebas gadavaWarbe e. i. sakuTari iniciativiT aviRe ufleba, romelic me ar mekuTvnoda. raRa Tqma unda, am uflebis
Sesabamisi movaleobis gaTaviseba da aRqma ver movaxerxe da
Sedegad aRmovCndi materialur samyaroSi, sadac gangebis mier am ar gaTavisebuli movaleobis Secnoba da SegrZneba da
Sesruleba damekisra. albaT amis gamoa isic, rom aq materialur samyaroSi TiTqmis SeuZlebelia erTi Tanamoazrec rom
gamomiCndes, vidre bolomde ar gaviTaviseb am movaleobas
da, isic sainteresoa, amis qmnis Semdeg gangeba gamomiCens Tu
ara Tanamoazres, vidre aq viqnebi.
es yovelive ki, imisaTvis aris saWiro gangebis TvalTaxedviT, rom Cems Tavdapirvel survils caTa sasufevelSi
gaCenils asruleba eRirseba da rom gangebam iqamde gamwvrTnas da aRmzardos, vidre uflebamosilebis moniWebis
Rirsad ar CamTvlis da zecaSi gadasvlis uflebas ar momapovebinebs.
amis misaRwevad Cems mier uflebisa da movaleobis cnebaTa cal-calke ganxilva unda damTAavrdes da maTi absoluturi Tanasworobis mdgomareoba Cveulebriv, bunebriv raimed
unda iqnas aRqmuli. Tu me SevZleb am ori cnebis absolutur
SesabamisobaSi moyvanas da amasTan erTad, sakuTar arsSi arsebuli araindividualizmis gazrdis survili mTeli samyarosTvis sikeTis WeSmaritad saukeTesod mosatanad ar Caqreba, ar daClungdeba, ar mokvdeba, maSin, vfiqrob, gangeba
108

WeSmaritad gadamiyvans zeciur realobaSi, sadac uzenaesi

ganmgebeli Tavad mama RmerTi gaxlavT.
am yovelives sumirebis Sedegad zemoT CamoTvlili formulirebebi Semdegnairi saxiT iqneba Camoyalibebuli:
ramxelazec gangebis mier moniWebuli uflebamosileba
srulad ar gamoiyeneba, imxelaze warmoiqmneba Cems `me~-Si
sakuTari iniciativiT aRebuli pasuxismgeblobis precendenti.
ramxelazec gangebis mier dakisrebuli pasuxismgebloba
srulad ar Sesruldeba, imxelaze warmoiqmneba Cems `me~-Si
sakuTari inicitiviT aRebuli uflebamosilebis precendenti.
aqve kidev erTi rCeva minda mivawero am yovelives. es
aris rCeva, romelic mudmivad, samaradisod unda iqnas daculi:
kategoriulad dauSvebelia usayvarlesi saqmianoba da
miT umetes SeEmoqmedeba Cveulebriv, CvevaSi gadasul, mowesrigebul, savaldebulo saqmianobad e. w. profesiad, stabilurobis uzrunvelyofis saSualebad gardaiqmnas anu Tundac iotisodenaze winaswargaTvlil, mowesrigebul, dagegmarebul midgomas daemorCilos. unda icxovro dRevandeli
dRis mimdinare wamis mimdinare memilionediT. es aris siyvarulis gamovlinebis, gangebis nebis realizaciad gadaqceulobis, srulyofilebis miRwevis umaRlesi forma. es hgavs
bunebriv sunTqvas bunebrivi sufTa haeriT, es hgavs mudmivad da dausruleblad erTjerad qmedebaTa erTobliobas,
romelSic imitacia aranairi formiT arc arsebobs da verc
verasodes moikidebs fexs. es aris is, risi miRwevac, uklebliv yvela da nebismieri cocxali arsebisaTvis, uzenaes mizans unda warmoadgendes.
Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris eTeri, romelic mimdinare awmyoSi
miRebul Sedegad unda iyos aRqmuli da SegrZnobili.
5. WeSmariti harmonia. modusebis ar arseboba. bunebrivi
procesi. eTeruli modusi.
gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceuloba
niSnavs iseT mdgomareobas, rodesac sakuTar Sida pirovnul
aRqmaSi da SegrZnebaSi me ar vmarTav situacias, magram realurad Cemi saSualebiT imarTeba is, xolo situaciaSi mona109

wileTa aRqmiTa da SegrZnebiT es situacia Cems mier marTulad aris aRqmuli da SegrZnobili (sakuTari `me~-s WeSmaritad ndoba).
srulyofilebis miRweva sakuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis
sazRvrebSi niSnavs iseT mdgomareobas, rodesac sakuTar Sida azrTawyobriv aRqmaSi da Sida SegrZnebaSi me vmarTav situacias swored ise zedmiwevniT rogorc es gangebis nebaa am
situaciis marTvasTan mimarTebaSi. am situaciaSi monawileTa aRqmisa da SegrZnebis gadasaxedidan ki, situacia Cems mier ki ar imarTeba, aramed Cemi saSualebiT (sakuTari `me~-s
WeSmaritad rwmuneba, dajereba).
es Cemi `me~-s gadasaxedidan sulieri codna, materialuri codna, magram gansakuTrebiT sulieri keTildReoba da
materialuri keTildReoba erTad iqneba Sezavebuli.
es aris 1. codnis (transcendentuli gandegilobis), 2.
moqmedebis (transendentuli sibrZnis), 3. movaleobis (transcendentuli silamazis), 4. gagebis (transcendentuli didebis), 5. Seupovrobis (transcendentuli Zlevamosilebis), 6.
bednierebis (transcendentuli simdidris) flobisa da
srulyofilad marTvis fenomenuri gamovlinebis gamoxatuli forma.

110

Cemi `me~-sTvis es aris mimdinare awmyo, romelic momavlisa da warsulis idealuri Serwymis eTeruli Sedegia.
meore nawilis erTgvari ganzogadebisTvis, raTa saxelmZRvanelod ufro praqtikuli iyos xuT Tavad davyof. swored am xuTi Tavis CamonaTvali minda axla rom gavakeTo. es
xuTi nawili iqneba is xuTi modusi, romlebic zemoT iqna ganxiluli. axla ki patara cxrilur monaxazs gavakeTeb ufro
advilad aRsaqmelad.
V Tavi
eTeruli modusi
idealizmi
Wkua
WeSmariti
harmonia
mimdinare
eTeri
paramananda
gandegiloba
drois gamTlianeba

IV Tavi
meobis modusi
romantizi
grZnoba
WeSmariti
ndoba
Soreuli momavali
paramvijnana

sulierebaze
energetikuli zemoqmedbis unari

warsulSi awmyoSi da momavalSi xedvis unari

qvelmoqmedeba

sivrcis gamTlianeba

III Tavi
saTno(v)ne
bis modusi
realizmi
goneba
WeSmariti
rwmena
uaxloesi
momavali
parammano
asketizmi
sulieri gamovlinebu
lobis gamT.
parametraluri sulieri
ena

II Tavi
siamovnebis
modusi
fanatizmi
emocia
WeSmariti
sarwmunoeba
uaxloesi
warsuli
paramprana
msxverplSewirva

interesebis
gamTlianeba

mesame (sulieri) yuri

I Tavi
gaucxove
bis modusi
pragmatizmi
ambicia
WeSmariti
wesrigi
Soreuli
warsuli
paramanna
kveba
materialuri gamovlinebu
lobis gamT.
mesame (sulieri) Tvali

I TAavis arsobrivi datvirTva iqneba: paramanna kveba.

Cemi `me~-sTvis materialur codnad aRqmuli da SegrZnebuli sulieri codna unda gavce misi miRebis msurvel nebismier cocxal arsebaze. magram im aucilebeli pirobis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom zedmiwevniT imxelaze unda gavce es CemTvis
ukve materialuri da msurvelisaTvis jer sulieri codna,
ramxelazec misgan iqneba momdinarebuli gulwrfeli Txovna. am Txovnis Semdgom ki, unda mivce zustad am Txovnis Sesabamisi codna anu arc meti da arc naklebi. erTica da meorec
mavnebloba iqneba Cemi `me~-s mier Cadenili.
111

II Tavis arsobrivi datvirTva: paramprana msxverplSewirva.

yofier, materialur kontaqtSi mTels arsebulobasTan
unda Sevide imxelaze, ramxelazec Cemi `me~-s realur aRqmulobaSi da SegrZenulobaSi arsebuli materialuri yofierebis WeSmaritad misTvis Sesabamisi gardauvali aucileblobis uzrunvelyofas kmarobs anu ramxelazec es mTeli arsebuloba gangebis nebis gamovlinebas emorCileba.
III TAavis arsobrivi datvirTva: parammano asketizmi.
Cemi `me~-s anu sakuTari Semoqmedebis maqsimalurad mokle funqcionaluri Sefaseba unda gavakeTo, zogad cnobierul, sulier codnad gardavqmna (rac Cemi `me~-sTvis materilur codnad iqneba ukve aRqmuli) da Semdgom amisa, axali,
ierarqiulad ufro maRali Semoqmedebis SeqmnisTvis moRvaweobis sistemuri mudmivi procesiT davkavde.
IV Tavis arsobrivi datvirTva: paramvijnana qvelmoqmedeba.
Cems `me~-Si arsebuli inteleqtualuri siRrmiseuli aRqma da SegrZneba araindividualizmad gardavqmna. es araindividualizmad iyo aRqmuli Cemi `me~-s mier mis gacnobierebamde da SegrZebamde, amis Semdgom ki, es Cemi individualizmi
iqneba. im garemosTvis ki, romelTanac gamanawila gangebam
amis Secnoba-SegrZnebamde es isev araindividualizmad aRqmulad darCeba da SeiZleba amadac ki veRar aRiqvamdes es
garemo amas.
V Tavis arsobrivi datvirTva: paramananda gandegiloba.
Cemi `me~-s miznebi da survilebi zedmiwevniT Tanxvedrili unda gaxdes gangebis miznebisa da survilebisa. amis Semdgom ki, Cemi `me~-s nebismieri gamovlineba gaxdeba sikeTis
momtani anu WeSmaritad sakeTebelis mets me ukve veRarafers gavakeTeb da movimoqmedeb mTels Cems aRqmaSi arsebulobasTan mimarTebaSi. es iqneba srulyofilebis miRwevis
faqtiuri gamovlineba Cemi `me~-s mier gangebis mier CemTvis
gansazRvruli gamovlinebis sazRvrebSi.
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I TAavi
ananda _ paramanna
sakuTari `me~-s funcionaluri saqmianobis gansazRvris
pirveli safexuri
yvelanairi cnobieri urTierTobebis, sulieri kontaqtis damyareba sulier samyarosTan da mis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic uSualod sakuTari, anu Cemi `me~s iniciativiT unda moxdes.
II nawili am wignisa faqtiurad mTlianad cocxali arsebis individualuri sulis idealurad saWiro da sasurveli
saqmianobisa da mdgomareobis aRmweri iqneba. am pirvel TavSi II nawilisa am saqmianobis (mdgomareobis) konceftualuri,
saerTo xedva iqneba gadmocemuli, rogorc sruli suraTis
zogadi ganxilva da punqtobrivi warmoCineba. upirveles
yovlisa ki minda aRvniSno, rom es iqneba arsebuli sulieri
nawilis `me~-s mxridan anandadan (sulieri gandegilobidan)
paramannaSi sulieri sakvebis miwodebis da amiT gamokvebis,
Sinagani vakuumis Sevsebis funqciis Sesruleba.
ananda sakuTari `me~-s kosmiur-konstituciuri mdgomareoba gangebasTan
mimarTebaSi.
sulieri gandegiloba
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
TviTkmaroba sakuTar `me~-Si (matesarwmuno(v)neba mimdinare realorializirebamde) Tavdapirvelad arbaSi arsebuli darRveuli nawilis
sebuli cnobierebis aRdgena da misi
sazRvrebis Sesabamisi cnobierebis
obieqturad SEefaseba
gamovlineba materialur samyaroSi
paramanna sakuTari `me~-s iniciativiT asaRebi ufleba.
sulieri `sakvebiT~ kveba (gacema da miReba)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
gaziareba (TviTkmari myudroeba)
mosmena (nebayofilobiToba) sakugangebis mier mowodebuli sakuTar
Tar `me~-Si gangebis mier mowodebu`me~-Si arsebuli cnobierebis sxva
li cnobierebis miReba da gaTaviseba
cocxal arsebaTa piradi ndobisa da
sxva cocxali arsebis mxridan imxesurvilis donis Sesabamisad. am prolaze, ramxelazec am `me~-Si WeSmaricess gangeba TAavad uSualod ganapiti ndoba da survili arsebobs sulirobebs da uzrunvelyofs
eri saWiro codnis miRebisa (cnobiswadilisa)

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paramanna sulieri samyarodan materialur samyaroSi

avtomaturad gadamyvani cnobierebis aRaranairi saxiT aRar
miREeba, miyola da, ra Tqma unda, ar gavrceleba. sulieri samyarosTvis aucileblad saWiro da gardauvlad Sesabamisi
sulieri codnis aReba (aRqma) da gacema TAavis mxriv misTvis,
visac igi WeSmaritad guliT, suliT da gonebiT surs.

sulieri gandegiloba da sulieri `sakvebiT~ kveba

wignis I nawilSi Tu sulieri gandegilobis miRweva faqtiurad umaRles mizans warmoadgenda, rogorc materialuri samyaros TvalTaxedvidan umaRlesi warmatebis miRweulobas, II nawilSi misi datvirTva radikalurad icvleba. kerZod, II nawilSi sulieri gandegiloba is sastarto kapitalia,
romliTac SesaZlebeli xdeba materialuri samyarosagan
sruli ganjaWvuloba-gaTavlisufleba da TviT materialur
samyaroSi yofnis pirobebSic ki, sulieri samyaros realobis
aRqmiT cxovreba.
anu suliri gandegiloba, sulieri samyros TvalTaxedviTi cnobieri aRqmiT cxovrebis dawyebis sawyis, pirvel safexurs warmoadgens, ufro swored ki, im platformas, saidanac
SesaZlebeli gaxdeba pirvel safexurze gadasvla. realurad
cocxali arseba sakuTari warsulis im wertilSi inacvlebs,
sadac misi im saxiT materializireba gadawyda ra saxiTac
aris is materializirebuli (ra Sinagani siRrmiseuli datvirTviTacaa dafiqsirebuli). amitomac, Tavisuflad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom WeSmritad materialur samyaroze yvelanairi mijaWvulobisagan gaTavisuflebis realuri SAansi uCndeba im cocxal arsebas, romelic im wertilSi gadainacvlebs
Tavisi warsulisa, saidanac misi materializirebis gardauvali aucilebloba daiwyo da im saxiT, ra saxiTac is aris materializirebuli.
aucileblad minda aRvniSno is, rom am SemTxvevaSi prioritetebi radikalurad icvleba. am prioritetebSi vgulisxmob imas, rom gangebis mxridan, cocxal (materializirebul) arsebasTan mimarTebaSi Cndeba misi aqtivizirebis moTxovna. sulier gandegilobaSi gadasuli adamiani faqtiu114

rad, araTu Warbi aqtiurobisagan Tavisufldeba, aramed pasiurobis mdgomareobaSic ki gadadis im ubralo mizezis gamo, rom sakuTar Tavs araviTar SemTxvevaSi aRar aZlevs sakuTari Sexedulebebis vinmeze an raimeze Tavze moxvevis uflebas. magram, am dros aucileblad gasaTvalsiwienebeli
xdeba misTvis is ucilobeli faqti, rom mTeli materialuri
samyaro Tavisi mentaluri bunebiT pasiuria sulieri sakiTxebis Secnobasa da aTvisebasTan mimarTebaSi. amitom, gangeba
misgan moiTxovs, rom igi materialur samyaroSi sulieri
samyaros gadasaxedidan arsebuli Seqmnili mdgomareobis
adekvaturi iyos, anu raRaca formiT da raRaca doziT is unda gaaqtiurdes ise, rom sakuTar saqmianobas aranairi formiT ar miejaWvos iseve, rogorc am saqmianobis Sedegebs. Tu
es adamiani amas ar izams, igi Tavisdauneburad masSi arsebuli potenciuri energiis raimaneirad gardauvlad, aucileblad daxarjvis gamo, manomaiaSi dabrundeba anu materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebiT dakavdeba, Tan es iqneba yvelaze amoraluri da znedacemuli formiT gamovlinebuli.
ratom? Cveulebriv instiqtualur refleqsebze awyobili
adamianebis SemTxvevaSi, maT, saboloo jamSi, erTi an ori
sqesobrivi partniori daakmayofilebT, xolo am refleqsebisagan gaTavisuflebul adamians mouwevs sqesobrivi partniorebis mudmivi da permanentuli cvla, rameTu rogorc
ki mas partniori raime formiT miejaWveba, da es gardauvlad
moxdeba, Tu mis sulierad maRal dones gaviTvaliswinebT, am
adamians aRar daainteresebs es sqesobrivi partniori da
axal, jer mijaWvulobisagan Tavisufal partniors dauwyebs
Zebnas. misTvis xom materialuri sqesobrivi procesi da sqesobrivi aqti sulieri codnisa da WeSmariti grZnobebis urTierTgacvlis saSualebad iqneba aRqmuli. es, am adamianis
mxridan sulieri sakvebis gacemis saSualeba iqneba Tavisi
sqesobrivi partniorisaTvis ise, rom es ukanaskneli Segnebis, gonebis doneze amas ver gaicnobierebs da raRac momentSi Tavadac ki dahkargavs amis gacnobierebis unars. Semdgom es ubralod CvevaSi gadaezrdeba da Zalian gauWirdeba
aqedan gasvla.
mokled, imisaTvis rom ai, am gzas ar daadges sulier gandegilobas miRweuli adamiani, sjobs sakuTari iniciativiT
115

gaaqtiurdes da gacxadebuli, `xululi~ saxiT ecados miawodos sulieri `sakvebi~ materialur samyaroSi myof adamianebs (ra Tqma unda, imaT, visSic amis survili SeiZleba miZinebul, magram realur potenciur doneze arsebobs). oRond, es
ise unda moxdes, rom es adamiani ufro saWiro iyos maTTvis,
visac miawvdis im WeSmarit codnas, rac masSia akumulirebuli, vidre es adamianebi misTvis Tavadve.
anu amiT gadavdivarT im pirvel safexurze, romelzec
iyo laparaki cxrilur monacemSi anu moxdeba gadasvla anandadan paramannaSi. e. i. moxdeba gadasvla sulieri gandegilobidan sulieri `sakvebiT~ kvebaSi.
am safexurze asvlis, anu paramannaSi gadasvlis Semdeg,
materializirebuli cocxali arsebac ki sulieri samyaros
warmomadgeneli (uxeSad rom vTqvaT, sulieri samyaros `moqalaqe~) xdeba. erTi mxriv, es, ra Tqma unda, udidesi pativia
materializirebuli cocxali arsebisTvis (adamianisTvis) da
warmatebis WeSmariti gamovlinebaa, magram, meore mxriv, es
udidesi pasuxismgeblobaa imave adamianze ganpirovnebuli.
igi faqtiurad materialur samyaroze mijaWvulobisagan realurad gaTavisuflebuli unda iyos. Tumc, isic minda aRvniSno, rom Zalian mepareba eWvi imaSi, rom gangebam, RmerTma
da, saerTod, mTelma sulierma samyarom dauSvas is, rom paramannaSi gadasvlisTvis realurad mzad ar myof adamians am
safexurisTvis Sesabamisi xelSewyobiT, miexmaros.
saboloo jamSi, mainc, im azramde mivyavarT am yovelives,
rom gangebis daxmarebiTa da kurTxeviT, paramannaSi gadasuli adamiani materialuri samyaros mijaWvulobisagan gaTavisuflebuli iqneba da sulieri samyaros warmomadgenlad
gadaiqceva materialur samyaroSi.
es ar aris ubralo da martivi ram. es aris grandiozuli
mniSvnelobis gardamavali momenti adamianis arsebobis periodSi, TviT sulieri samyarosTvisac ki, es Zalian mniSvnelovan movlenas warmoadgens. mTeli sulieri samyaro Tavisdauneburad gulSematkivari xdeba am adamianisa, rameTu is, ukve
am materializirebul cocxal arsebas TAavis erT-EerT warmomadgenel nawilad aRiqvams. raRa Tqma unda, am adamianisadmi
sulieri samyaros mxridan raime SeRavaTebis daSveba ar igulisxmeba da obieqturi midgoma upirobod ZalaSi rCeba, mag116

ram misdami ndoba udidesi daxmareba da madlia. am adamianis

garSemo xdeba kontaqturi situaciebis arnaxuli gazrda sulierebis raobis Camoyalibebisa da gavrcelebis garSemo.
yvelafers rom Tavi davaneboT, sulieri samyaros survilebsa da interesebSic, udavod, Sedis WeSmariti sulierebis
funqcionaluri sakiTxebis kompetenturi Secnobilobis Setana da gavrceleba materialur samyaroSi. iq rom Zalian iSviaTad xdeba xolme iseTi ram, rom materializirebis Semdgom, cocxalma arsebam SeZlos WeSmariti sulieri codnis
SenarCuneba (ukve aRarafers vityvi moZiebasa da aRqmaze) da
Setana im materialur garemoSi, sadac igi xvdeba. swored es
aris is, rasac me sulieri `sakvebis~ saxeliT movixsenieb.
am gzaze damdgari adamianisTvis dauwerel da upirobo
kanonad, aucilebel Sesasrulebel upirobo aqsiomatur pirobad unda iqces is, rom amieridan aravisa da arafris gulisaTvis arasdros, arsad, aranair situaciaSi aRar daayenos goneba gulze zeviT, da gulmac jerovnad unda moindomos gonebis dafaseba. amis sazomad gamoadgeba Sida mdgomareobis dafiqsireba anu aranairi vakuumi aRar unda Seiqmnas
masSi. es adamiani ubralod ise unda udgebodes Tavis garSemo mimdinare movlenebs materialur samyaroSi, rogorc damkvirvebeli da misTvis materialuri cxovreba TamaSi unda
gaxdes, aravisa da arafers (vgulisxmob, gare materialur
formebs) ar unda miejaWvos, da masSi emociebi da ambiciebi
aRar unda warmoiqmnas. es savsebiT SesaZlebel raimes warmoadgens.

sarwmuno(vn)eba da mosmena (nebayofilobiToba)

sarwmuno(vn)eba rogorc sulieri gandegilobis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili materialur samyaroSi arsebul mimdinare realobaSi gangebis mier daSvebuli sulieri nawilis gamovlinebulobas warmoadgens. sarwmuno(vn)ebas ar moekiTxeba pasuxi imaze, Tu ratom sCadis ama Tu im darRveulobas,
rameTu igi materialur samyaroSi arsebuli darRveuli nawilis vizualur doneze gadmomcemi da TvalnaTliv damnaxvelia.
117

am yovelives Tavisi daniSnuleba gaaCnia. Zalian Znelia

Seafaso esa Tu is movlena, Tu igi maluli, ar gamoCinebuli,
ar afiSirebuli formiT aris warmodgenili. amave dros, did
sisuleles warmoadgens iseTi midgoma ama Tu im sakiTxisadmi, Tu cocxal arsebaSi esa Tu is midrekileba fesvgadgmuli
formiT arsebobs da nebisyofis daxmarebiT, moTmeniT is
amas Sinaganad iWers, akavebs da arc amis gadafasebaze ar
zrunavs amavdroulad. faqtiurad, sarwmuno(vn)eba materialur samyaroSi arsebuli negatiuri (arasulieri samyaroseuli) nawilis Riad, TvalnaTliv Cvenebis saukeTeso (Tu ara
erTaderTi) saSualeba gaxlavT. es aris lustracia yovelivesi, rac ki iyo da aris. es yovelive principSi TviTCaRrmavebas emsaxureba.
samwuxarod, materialur samyaroSi, ZiriTadSi, ise xdeba
xolme, rom sarwmuno(vn)ebas adamianebi ZiriTadad, garyvnilebaSi gadazrdian xolme. es imitom xdeba, rom adamianebs
avadmyofurad didi midrekileba aqvT yovelives grafikul,
gansazRvrul da Semdgom amis dausruleblad gameorebad
procesad gadaqcevisken. sarwmuno(vn)eba saerTod verasodes ver Cajdeba veranair CarCoebSi da grafikebSi, is myiseuli Sinagani upirobiTobis srulyofilad dakmayofilebis
saSualebaa. albaT, amis gamocaa, rom adamianebs mxolod ramodenime dRe, kvira, Tve da xandaxan weli aqvT gatarebuli
xolme ise, rom marTla Tavisuflad da bednierad grZnobdnen Tavs. mTel Tavis darCenil sicocxles ki, zombirebuli
qcevebis gamovlinebaSi da am bednieri wuETebis gaxsenebaSi
atareben xolme. samwuxarod, vidre adamianebi sakuTari pirovnebis seriozulad ganxilvas an WeSmaritad ganaGTlebul,
ganrwmendili adamianebis mosmenas ar moindomeben, maTTvis
es naweri absoluturad gaugebari iqneba da maTi cxovrebis
es monotonuri mimdinareoba aranairad ar (ver) Seicvleba.
sarwmuno(vn)ebis am TvaliT Sexedvis Semdgom, sakuTar
arsSi SesaZlebeli xdeba imis amotivtiveba, Tu ra aris es yovelive, sulieri samyarosa da mis warmomadgenelTa gadasaxedidan. es Tavidan SeiZleba Zalian rTul Tavsatexs hgavdes, magram Semdgom, es Tavsatexi sul ufro da ufro martivdeba da sruliad martivi da advilad aRsaqmeli ram xdeba. mTavari, rac am dros xdeba, gaxlavT is, rom aqcenti mate118

rialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis damyarebis mcdelobebidan am materialuri sqesobrivi urTierTobebis survilebis gamomwvevi mizezis gagebisa da aRqmis mcdelobebSi gadadis, rac, TavisTavad, pirdapir sulieri sakvebis miRebis
survilad SeiZleba da unda Sefasdes kidec.
sarwmuno(vn)eba xdeba damxmare saSualeba imisa, raTa
adamianma TavisTvis gansazRvros materialuri cxovrebis
ama Tu im periodSi ra aris misTvis saWiro mosmenisa da Sesmenis TvalsazrisiT. es iqneba ara ubralod raime rigiTi
cvlilebis Semotana, aramed cxovrebis stilis Secvla.
aqamde Tu sarwmuno(vn)ebis saSualebiT xdeboda adamianSi Cagrovili sulier samyarosTan araTanxvedrili Sexedulebebis energetikul doneze gamovlinebulobisagan ubralod dacla-gaTavisufleba, amieridan moxdeba am araTanxvedrili nawilis axsna-ganmartebis gaTaviseba sakuTar Sida
arsSi. principSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es Sexedulebebi aRar
gardaiqmnebian Semdgom Cagrovil energetikul gamovlinebebad da arc maTgan gaTavisufleba aRar gaxdeba saWiro, rameTu ar iqneba Cagrovebuli energia, rogorc aseTi, rogorRa
gaxdeba saWiro dacla imisagan, rac realurad ar iarsebebs.
vfiqrob, axla ukve SeiZleba gadavide imis ganxilvaze,
Tu ras moiazrebs Tavis arsSi cneba, rac cxrilur monacemSi
moxseniebulia mosmenis, igive nebayofilobiTobis saxeliT.
patara Sesavlis saxiT minda vTqva, rom materializirebul
cocxal arsebaSi arsebuli sarwmuno(vn)eba materialur samyaroze mijaWvulobis maCvenebelia (xarisxiTac da raodenobiTac). TAavis arsobriv datvirTvaSi sarwmuno(vn)eba WeSmaritebis im porcialuri nawilis danaxvis, aRqmis mcdelobaa, romelic cocxal arsebas ver aqvs TavisSi aRqmuli da
gaTavisebuli da, romelic sulier samyaroSi ukve gaSifruli da zedmiwevniT axsnili saxiT arsebobs. Tu pirovneba (am
SemTxvevaSi adamiani) ar moindomebs mousminos sulier samyaros misi warmomadgenlebis saSualebiT, am mis mier ver aRqmul nawils is, principSi, veranairad da, albaT, verasodes
ver SeZlebs ver aRqmuli WeSmaritebis gaTavisebas. sxvaTaSoris, Zalian sainteresoa am yovelives dakavSireba nebayofilobiTobis cnebasTan. swored sakuTari `me~-s nebayofilobiTobis SezRudvam e. w. pasiurobam igive sakuTar `me~-ze
119

Warbi movaleobis aREebam (anu movaleobis imaze metad aREebam,

vidre ufleba aqvs aRebuli) miajaWva cocxali arseba materialur samyarosa da masSi es sarwmuno(vn)ebis saxiTa da saSualebiT gamovlinda. da bolos, davsvam erT logikur SekiTxvas: rogor gavTavisuflde am Warbi movaleobisagan da
rogor gardavqmna CemSi arsebuli sarwmuno(vn)eba (anu CemSi
arsebuli vneba, emociuri buneba) rwmenad anu im codnad, romelic sulier samyaroSi WeSmaritebad da gonierebad aris
aRiarebuli? pasuxi iqneba aseTi: ukve materializirebulma cocxalma arsebam sakuTari nebiT, nebayofilobiTobiT
unda moindomos sakuTari pasiurobis periodSi sulier samyaroSi moZiebuli da miRebuli, damkvidrebuli WeSmariti
codna moisminos. Tqven warmoidgineT, ai es mondomeba, es
survili sruliad sakmarisi aRmoCndeba imisaTvis, rom gangebam Seuqmnas iseTi situacia, romelSic gamoCndeba misnairive materializirebuli pirovneba, romelic daakmayofilebs mis am survils (ra Tqma unda, imxelaze, ramxelac iqneba
siRrmiseuli da raodenobrivi TvalTaxedviT es survili).
ufro gasagebi rom gaxdes, vityvi, rom es mosmena gulisxmobs sakuTari `me~-s qalur sawyisad aRqmas imasTan dakavSirebiT, visac usmens pirovneba da Tematika unda iyos calsaxad sulierebis zogadi ganxilva. sakuTari interesebis viwropirovnul WrilSi gadayvana am SemTxvevaSi am process momentalurad moklavs da materialur sqesobriv aspeqtSi gadaiyvans anu gonebis kars daxuravs da emociur kars gaaRebs
adamianSi. am materialur sqesobriv urTierTobebze gadasvla ki, pirovnebas, am SemTxvevaSi qaluri sawyisis mier, garegan wesrigSi gadasvlis mcdelobis Sedegad moxdeba.
mosmena imisa, rac zemoT aRvniSne iqneba sakuTari pirovnebis Warbi movaleobisagan gaTavisufleba, es aris sakuTar
`me~-Si sakuTari nebis, sakuTari nebayofilobiTobis darRveuli, SezRuduli nawilis aRdgena, es aris materialur
samyaroze mijaWvulobisgan gaTavisuflebis erTaderTi
gza, es aris sulier samyaroSi ukve aRqmuli da damkvidrebuli WeSmaritebis aRqma da damkvidreba sakuTar `me~-Si. mokled, es aris Zalian saWiro da Zalian aucilebeli adamianisTvis. ufro metsac vityvi, principulad vacxadeb, rom mosmenis survilis gareSe (romel da ris mosmenasac vgulisxmob
120

albaT gasagebia) adamianis arsebobas materialur samyaroSi

azri ara aqvs. is, ubralod iborialebs dedamiwaze, vidre bolomde ar amowuravs materialur sxeulSi yofnisTvis saWiro energetikul resursebs. SEemdgom, datovebs sxeuls, raRac periodi iqneba gaurkvevel mdgomareobaSi materializaciis nostalgiis surviliT damZimebuli, Semdeg xelaxla daibadeba da ai, ase usasrulod gadava sxeulidan sxeulSi,
vidre materialuri samyaro saerTod ar gauqmdeba da isic,
miliardobiT wlebis ganmavlobaSi, Zilis mdgomareobaSi gadava, vidre kvlav ar gamovlindeba materialuri samyaro da
isev daiwyeba sxeulidan sxeulSi gadasvlis maraToni da a. S.
momiteveT, magram am borials me sulier samyaroSi dabruneba mirCevnia da sxvebs ki, rogorc surdeT ise moiqcnen,
neba maTia.

TviTkmaroba da gaziareba (TviTkmari myudroeba)

TviTkmaroba, rogorc sulieri gandegilobis mamakacuri
sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, materialur samyaroSi
materializirebamde arsebuli Sinagani arsis aRqmis amsaxvelia. TviTkmarobas ar moekiTxeba pasuxi imaze, Tu ratom moxvda adamiani am arasrulyofilebis mdgomareobaSi. mas evaleba dabadebamde arsebuli cnobierebis maqsimalurad zedmiwevniTi dafiqsireba.
materialuri samyaros TvalTaxedviTi gadasaxedidan
TviTkmarobis miRweva useriozules warmatebad aris miCneuli, maSin, rodesac sulieri samyaros TvalTaxedviTi gadasaxedidan es mxolod cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari saqmianobiT Cadenili darRveulobis aRnusxvasa da aRqmas warmoadgens zogad cnobierul doneze. me imas ar vambob, rom es cotaa, magram imas namdvilad vgulisxmob, rom es, Cemi SEexedulebiT, ar aris sasurveli sakmarisad da materializirebul
cocxal arsebaze (adamianze) gangebis mier gapirovnebuli
valdebulebis Sesrulebis maqsimumad CaiTvalos.
faqtiurad, am donis miRweva adamians uxsnis da agebinebs
imas, Tu ra aRar unda akeTos im saqmianobebis nusxidan, rasac igi akeTEebda da, xSir SemTxvevaSi, sxvebsac aZalebda. mag121

ram, kmara ki imis codna adamianisTvis Tu ra ar unda akeTos?

erTi kia, vinaidan mamakacur sawyiszea laparaki, avtomaturad igulisxmeba Warbi aqtiurobis gadaCveva. vidre es gadaCveva moxdeba, iqamde amiT dakaveba WeSmritad idealurad
saWiro saqmianobad SeiZleba iqnas miCneuli adamianisaTGvis.
TviTkmarobis funqcionalur gamovlinebaSi materialur
samyaroSi miRebul da iq damkvidrebul pirobiTobebze damokidebulobisagan gaTavisufleba mimaCnia. es imas niSnavs,
rom adamians aRar ainteresebs kacobriobis (materialuri
samyaros) mier gamogonebuli spekulaciuri Rirebulebebi,
maTi dacva da pativiscema. Tumca aranairad ar uCndeba survili am pirobiTobebTan dapirispirebAaSi moxvdes da yvelas
mtkiceba dauwyos imis TAaobaze, rom isini spekulaciuri
gziT miRebuli Rirebulebebia da realurad, mxolod sulieri faseulobis damaxinjebis surviliT arian damuxtulebi,
raTa materializmi sulierebaze upirates da saWiro cnebad
monaTlon.
TviTkmarobas miRweuli adamiani adamianTa sazogadoebaSi umaRles safexurs aris miRweuli, magram sulier samyaroSi dabrunebis ufleba (viza) mas jer ara aqvs srulyofilad
mopovebuli. materialur samyaroSi yofnis periodSive unda
moaxerxos am adamianma sakuTari cdomilebebi marTebul Sexedulebebad gadaaqcios, riTac TviT mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis garemocvaSic ki SEeiZleba moipovos damkvidrebis
ufleba. es realurad sakuTAar pirovnebaze muSaobiT iqneba
gamoxatuli. am cocxal arsebas eCqareboda axali cnobierebis SEemotana sulier samyaroSi, movlenebs daaswro, ar gaiTvaliswina obieqturi realobisTvis Sesabamisoba, sakuTari
Sexedulebebi dasamkvidrebel WEeSmaritebad monaTla da ai,
aman moaxvedra materialur samyaroSi. axla ki, swored rom,
im SexedulebaTa Tanamimdevruli da skurpulozuri gadaxedva da materialur (an sulier) samyaroSi mimdinare movlenebeTan SeTanxmeba, raimenairad SesabamisobaSi moyvana
mouwevs. ise rom, Znelia am cocxal arsebas sulier samyaroSi mimdinare movlenebs CamorCenili vuwodoT, masSi marTalia, areuli, magram mainc aris yvela informacia, rac sulier samyaroSi ukve miiRes da daamkvidres kidec. da, ufro
metsac vityvi, mas is informaciac ki gaaCnia, rasac misi mate122

rialur samyaroSi sxeulis saxiT yofnis periodSi sulier

samyaroSi miiReben da daamkvidreben. ise rom, am adamians
ujobs mixvdes, rom arsad saCqaro mas ara aqvs. igi unda ecados am informaciuli codnis miRma (misTvis) myofi cocxali
arsebebi dainaxos. daakvirdes imas, Tu ramdenad SEeuZliaT
maT imis aweva da aRqma da ra intensivobiT. es mis umTavres
da umniSvnelovanes amocanad unda iqces albaT, mravali
aTaswleulebis ganmavlobaSi iqamde, vidre ar mixvdeba da ar
SEeigrZnobs imas, vis ra porcialuri codna unda mieces, rodis da rogor. ar SeiZleba sxvas mosTxovo iseTi ram, rac realurad, mis Zalebsa da mis SesaZleblobebs bevrad, an Tundac, iotisodenadac ki, aRemateba.
ai, amis gamo TviTkmaroba unda gadavides im cnebaSi, rasac gaziarebad (TviTkmar myudroebad) movixseniebdi
cxrilSi.
swored WeSmariti gaziarebis (araCasafrebulobis, arakritikulobis, araignorirebis) gziT aris SesaZlebeli am
adamianisaTvis imis povna da moZieba, Tu ra unda akeTos sanacvlod imisa, Tu ra ar unda akeTos. gaziarebis umTavresi
principi dgas imaze, rom e. w. warmmarTveli Zala, marTuli
nawilis neba-survilebis sruli gaTvaliswinebiT, axdens situaciis marTvas. SeiZleba amas demokratiis cnebis suni
udiodes. principSi, Tu raime pozitiuri arsebobs am sityvaSi, maSin swored rom es unda moiazrebodes albaT. magram situaciis mmarTvelad yofnis survilis gamo warmoqmnili sakuTari mrwamsisa, rwmenis da obieqturobis RalatTan dapirispirebaa materialur samyaroSi demokratiis cnebis gamovlinebad monaTluli. aq mTavaria iyos mmarTveli da ara
daamkvidros Tavisi rwmena misi gulwrfeli gaziarebis gziT.
es erTgvari mciredi gadaxveva iyo, ubralod sulma wamZlia,
albaT Zalian mombezrda yvelas mxridan demokratiis qebadidebis mosmena.
saintereso SekiTxva minda davsva: rogor unda moaxerxos
adamianma TviTkmarobidan gaziarebaze gadavides? pasuxi
Semdegia TviTkmarobas miRweulma adamianma ubralod unda
moindomos sxva adamianebs gauziaros Tavisi codna sulierebis Sesaxeb. aq ukve igulisxmeba, rom is Warbad aqtiurobas
anu sakuTari Sexedulebebis TAavze moxvevas aravis dauwyebs.
123

mokled, am mondomebis e. i. survilis warmoqmnis Semdgom

gangeba mas iseT situacias Seuqmnis, romelSic iqnebian adamianebi, romlebic Tavadve sTxoven mas gauziaros Tavisi Sexedulebebi ama Tu im sakiTxis garSemo. ise rom gaziarebaze
gadasvla miRwevadia da es adamians WeSmaritad TviTkmar
myudroebas moutans. TviTkmari myudroeba Zlier gansxvavebuli ramaa TviTkmarobisagan. raSi mdgomareobs gansxvaveba?
pirvel SEemTxvevaSi ZiriTadi aqcenti myudroebaze anu sakuTar araindividualizmzea gamaxvilebuli, xolo sxva enaze
Tu vityvi, RmerTebis uzenaes pirovnebaze mama RmerTze rogorc yvela movlenis wamyvanze.
agreTve erTi friad niSAandoblivi ram minda aRvniSno gaziarebisa da TviTkmari myudroebis ganyofilebaSi moxvedris msurvelTaTvis. aq WeSmaritad moxvedris msurvelma unda gaicnobieros is, rom erTxel da samudamod sakuTari materialuri cxovrebis mTeli xangrZlivobis periodSi goneba da guli erTmaneTTan Sejerebulni unda iyvnen. aseTi pirovneba unda grZnobdes Tanamosaubreebs, situaciis atmosferos, adamianebis ganwyobas, saWiroebasa da ar saWiroebas,
raime saxis mliqvnelobasa an utaqtobas.
kidev erTxel vacxadeb am safexurze gadasuli adamiani
madlcxebulia gangebis mier da sulieri samyaros warmomadgenlad gadaiqceva materialur samyaroSi materialuri sxeuliT yofnis miuxedavad.

124

II TAavi
vijnana paramprana
sakuTari `me~-s funcionaluri saqmianobis gansazRvris
meore safexuri
paramprana sulier samyaroSi damkvidrebuli cnobierebis (e. w warsulis) aTviseba da aRqma ise da imad rogorc amas
moiazrebs da Rebulobs gangeba Tavis cnobier aRqmaSi. amis
Sedegad materializirebul cocxal arsebaSic ki, warsulTan mimarTebaSi, ase vTqvaT, gajereba (Sida inteleqtualuri dakmayofileba) xdeba, rac imiT gamoixateba, rom mas `materialuri~ anu gamosaxulebasTAan dakavSirebuli natvrebi
da survilebi aRar gaaCnia da e. w. orgazmis, netarebis mdgomareobaSi imyofeba mudmivad.
parampranaSi gadasvla SesaZlebelia moxdes vijnanadan,
rogor ucnauradac ar unda Candes es gverdidan, uxeSad rom
vTqvaT, araprofesionaluri gadasaxedidan. am SEemTxvevaSi
umTavres datvirTvas iZens statuskvo situaciis upirobod
miRebis unaris qona.
vijnana sakuTari `me~-sTvis gangebis mier moniWebuli uflebamosileba
qvelmoqmedeba
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
mecniereba materialur samyaroSi
kultura materialur samyaroSi
arsebuli statuskvo pirobiTobebis
arsebuli statuskvo upirobiTobemiREeba da Sesruleba
bis miREeba da dakmayofileba
paramprana sakuTari `me~-s iniciativiT asaRebi movaleoba.
sulieri nawilis (misi interesebis) dacva
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
ganaTlebuloba sulier samyaroSi
netareba sulier samyaroSi arsearsebuli statuskvo pirobiTobebis
buli statuskvo upirobiTobebis
zedmiwevniT miReba, aRqma da srulmiREeba piradi mosazrebis Carevis gayofilad Sesruleba
reSe da maTi dakmayofileba

qvelmoqmedeba da sulieri nawilis dacva

WeSmariti qvelmoqmedebis (siqvelis) gamovlinebis unari
mxolod im materializirebul cocxal arsebas (adamians) gaaCnia, romelmac SeZlo absoluturad (rac xdeba) yvelafris
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obieqtur realobad miReba. amis gareSe adamianis mxridan gamovlinebuli qvelmoqmedeba sakuTari SexedulebiT anu siqvelis gamovlinebis nebismieri mcdeloba mxolod amis butaforia iqneba da meti veraferi.
aucileblad minda aRvniSno is, rom am arasworad gamovlinebul e. i. butaforiul qvelmoqmedebas adamiani materializirebuli nawilis nebismier fasad dacvis mcdelobaSi gadahyavs. es realurad gamoxatuli iqneba, erTi mxriv, garemoze zemoqmedebis saxiT, xolo, meore mxriv, zemoqmedebiT
sakuTar `me~-ze.
materialur samyaroSi gamovlinebuli qvelmoqmedeba,
ZiriTadad, materialuri Tvalsawieridan sruldeba. Sedegad gonebiT gaTvaliswinebul saqmianobas efuZvneba da, saboloo jamSi, samwuxarod, maameblobad, mliqvnelobad gardaiqmneba. Tumca CanafiqrSi es saqmianoba uangarobis suliskeveTebiT aris damuxtuli, ukve amis ganxorcielebis procesSi, igi, araTu WeSmariti funqcionalurobis Sesrulebis
samsaxurSi ver dgeba, aramed piriqiTac kia, mxolod vizualurobis SenarCunebas emsaxureba. es ubralod, imitom xdeba, rom sulieri nawilis interesebis ar gaTvaliswinebis
xarjze xdeba materialuri nawilis interesebis dakmayofileba. mokled, sulieri nawilisTvis upiratesobis ar miniWebis Sedegad TviT iseTi didebuli mcdelobac, rogoricaa
qvelmoqmedeba, mliqvnelobis, maameblobis saxes iREebs da misi uZiriTadesi azri saerTod ikargeba.
faqtiurad, Tavisdauneburad irRveva is pirveli principi, romelic meore nawilis pirvel TavSi gadasvlis aucileblobisTvisaa aRniSnuli. is, vinc winaswar ukve raRac dagegma
da gansaxorcieleblad daamtkica, Tavisive rwmeniTi beWdiT, nebiT Tu uneblied, ukve ugulvebelyo imis azri da Sexeduleba, amis Sesaxeb vis mimarTac gadawyvita siqvelis Cadena. faqtobrivad, daarRvia nebayofilobiTobisa da TviTkmari myudroebis principi. aqve aris meore sakiTxic. es, mis
mier gaTvaliswinebuli qvelmoqmedeba, meore (an mraval
sxva) pirovnebasTan mimarTebaSi SeiZleba am pirovnebaze zemoqmdebis an sakuTar Tavze zemoqmedebis Semotanis xarjze
moxdes realur cxovrebaSi. pirvel SemTxvevaSi, Tu TviTneburad Seaviwrovebs sxva pirovnebas, meore SeEmTxvevaSi,
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TviTneburad garyvnis mas. namdvilad Zneli saTqmelia am

ori ubedurebidan romelia uaresi, magram erTi ram dabejiTebiT SeEiZleba iTqvas, amaTgan arc erTia saWiro da sasurveli da arc meore. orive WeSmaritad ubedurebis momtania.
am dagegmarebas adamianma umjobesia Tavi anebos da ecados SeZlos TavisSi absoluturad yvela ukve momxdari, mimdinare da momavalSi mosaxdeni movlenis obieqtur realobad miReba da aRqma. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi is aucileblad
winaaRmdegobaSi aRmoCndeba viRacasTan an raRacasTan, usaTuod Semoitans TavisSi usamarTlobis arsebobis cnebas,
riTac avtomaturad moxvdeba gangebasTan, mama RmerTTan,
suliwmidasTan, RvTis ZesTan, RvTis asulTan, mTels sulier
samyarosTan da mis warmomadgenlebTan dapirispirebaSi. Tu
adamians miREebuli aqvs yvela movlenis obieqturad miRebisa
da aRqmis Tezisi, rogorc Teoriul ise praqtikul doneze
da materialur samyaroSi masTan vinme an raime TviTon Seva
masTan dapirispirebaSi, es gangebis mier misTvis dakisrebul
samsaxurad, samuSaod unda CaTvalos da ise unda moeqces am
viRacas an raRacas rogorc is Tavad eqceva mas. Tu siqvelesTan davakavSirebT, swored es iqneba am SemTxvevaSi WeSmariti
qvelmoqmedebis gamovlineba (Tundac sxva adamianis e. w. mokvla anu misi sulis sxeulidan gamoyvana moiTxovos situaciam).
ai, swored amaze iyo laparaki, rom realurad, qvelmoqmedeba sulieri, mTeli nawilis interesebis dacvaa. visac sakuTari `me~ materialuri sxeuli hgonia e. i. TiTqmis mTeli materializirebuli cocxali arsebebi, ra Tqma unda, amas ver
gaigeben, ver mixvdebian da ver SEeigrZnoben, magram, principSi, es maTi problemaa. Tu dominantur raodenobas qvelmoqmedebis cnebis WeSmariti arsis gageba ar surs, es imas rodi
niSnav, rom es cneba, Tavis arsobriv datvirTvaSi, maTi gulisaTvis Seicvleba. ai, es iyo sul, rac qvelmoqmedebaze
mindoda meTqva, saidanac unda moxdes gadasvla parampranas
safexurze anu mTeli (Tundac sakuTari) sulieri nawilis
dacvaze.
paramanna sakuTari materializirebis momentSi arsebul
cnobierebasTan SedarebiT warsulSi arsebuli cnobierebis
gaaanalizeba da gaaanalizebinebaa (mosmena da gaziarebaa).
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paramaprana, sakuTari materializirebis momentSi arsebul cnobierebasTan SedarebiT, awmyoSi arsebuli cnobierebis srulyofili dacvaa. is gamoixateba ganaTlebiTa da netarebiT. netarebaSi vgulisxmob imas, rom adamianSi aranairi
saxis survilebi aRar arsebobs materialur samyarosTan mimarTebaSi sakuTari iniciatividan momdinarebuli. es TavisTAavad miiRweva Tu adamiani WeSmaritad mihyveba imas, rac
misTvis gangebis mier aris gansazRvruli. survili materialur samyarosTan mimarTebaSi sakuTari iniciatividan momdinarebuli ki imitom aRar gaaCnia, rom misi survilebi
mTlianad sulier samyarosTan mimarTebaSi xdeba dakavSirebuli. da isic sisulelea, Tu vinme ityvis, rom am adamians materialuri sxeuli migdebuli da daCagruli hyavs. SeiZleba
iTqvas piriqiTac kia. misi individualuri sxeuli sruliad
Tavisufali xdeba da am adamians imasac ki abraleben, rom igi
sxvaTa ubedurebebs ar ganicdis da sxvaTa bednierebebs ar
iziarebs, ubralod, am adamians es e. w. ubedurebebi da bednierebebi obieqturi realobis mimdinareobis Sedegebad miaCnia, jer erTi da, meorec, materialur movlenebs adamianTa
sulebis mdgomareobis eqod aRiqvams da, simarTle rom iTqvas, sulTa realuri mdgomareobis danaxvisa da gagebis
(Tundac SegrZnebis) saSualeba gaxlavT da meti araferi. am
adamians xom sakuTari `me~ namdvilad aqvs aRqmuli sakuTar
individualur sulad da ara sakuTar materialur sxeulad.
rogorc parampranas ganmartebaSi aRvniSne, es sakuTari
sulieri statusisa da statuskvo mdgomareobis dafiqsireba
da misi dacvaa sakuTari materializaciis momentis Sesabamis
droSi. ganaTlebulobac swored amas moiazrebs TavisSi. es,
EWeSmaritad sulieri nawilis, misi intersebis dacvaa swored.
es, daaxloebiT imas hgavs adamiani uzarmari siCqariT moZrav
matarebelSi rom ijdes da SEemdeg, am matareblidan Camovides, im materebelze dajdes, romelic sapirispiro mimarTulebiT moZraobs da iq Camovides am matareblidan, sadac Tavdapirvel matarebelSi avida. paramannasagan gansxvavebiT igi
aRar borgavs da qeqialobs ufro Soreul warsulSi. is, ubralod, adgilze rCeba da gangebis, RmerTis, sulieri samyaros miTiTebebs elodeba. xolo vidre am miTiTebebs miiRebs,

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uxeSad rom vTqvaT, sakuTari mouTmenlobisagan TviTgankurnebiT kavdeba.

is, vinc sulieri nawilis dacviT aris dakavebuli, avtomaturad axdens sakuTari da Tundac mTeli materialuri nawilis dacvas, oRond ara sulieri nawilis dazianebis, misi
intersebis ignorirebis xarjze. principSi, SEeiZleba iTqvas,
rom es procesi sulier samyaroSi dabrunebis meore umniSvnelovanes safexurs warmoadgens. es adamiani sulieri samyarosTvis xdeba myarad, stabilurad saimedo cocxali arseba, romelsac ase advilad aRar wasZlevs suli gauazreblad
gaeqanos iqiT, sadac nebismieri spontanuri movlena did an
patara xmaursa da aurzaurs gamoiwvevs. paramprana TAavis arsSi moiazrebs sakuTari materializirebis momentSi sulier
samyaroSi arebuli statuskvo mdgomareobis obieqtur realobad miRebas da aRqmas. am SemTxvevaSi, marTla umniSvnelovanesi datvirTva eZleva sakuTari survilebis ar qonis
miRwevas sakuTari iniciativebidan gamomdinares materialur samyrosTan mimarTebaSi, mxolod masTan mimarTebaSi
sxvaTa iniciativebidan momdinare survilebis gangebis nebis
gamxmovaneblad gadaqcevas. xolo sulier samyarosTan mimarTebaSi ki, piriqiT, swored rom sakuTari iniciativiT sakuTari survilebis gaCena da Camoyalibeba moxdeba. am adamianis interesebis sfero mTlianad sulieri samyaros garSEemo, mis Sesaxeb unda trialebdes da izrdebodes iqamde,
vidre masSi uklebliv yvela survili, yvela interesi sulier samyarosTan ar iqneba dakavSirebuli. es iqneba parampranas, sulieri nawilis dacvis WeSmariti gamovlineba.

kultura da netareba (zomieri Tanamimdevruloba)

kultura, rogorc vijnanas igive qvelmoqmedebis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, erT-erT umniSvnelovanes rols TamaSobs materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis (gansakuTrebiYT adamianebis) materialuri saxiT arsebobis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi.
rogorc ar unda movindomo kulturis cnebis galamazeba
an damaxinjeba, realurad igi mTlianad warsulSi momxdari
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movlenebis gonebis doneze ver aRqmul nawils gamoxatavs.

Tumca aucileblad minda aRvniSno, rom am ver aRqmulobis
maqsimalurad saukeTesod gamoxatvas emsaxureba (yovel SemTxvevaSi, unda emsaxurebodes). sxva sityvebiT rom iTqvas,
kultura adamianebSi arsebuli emociebis moTvinierebis da
marTvis meqanizms warmoadgens. TAavis mxriv, emociebi xom gonebis doneze raRaca inforamciis ver aRqmis Sedegia.
kidev erT ganmartebas Tu gamoviyeneb, kultura materialur samyaroSi arsebuli statuskvo upirobiYYTobebis miReba
da dakmayofilebaa. igi erTgvar baqans warmoadgens, saidanac ori gza arsebobs erTmaneTis sapirispiro mimarTulebiT
ganTavsebuli. erT maTgans adamianis dabla Camoyvanis unari
gaaCnia. am gzas adamiani fanatizmSi gadahyavs. aq gadasuli
kulturaSi miRebuli qcevebis zedmiwevniT Sesrulebis msaxuri da ukacravad da mona-morCili xdeba. adamiani gadadis
pranamaiaSi anu materialuri sxeulisTvis gangebis mier miniWebuli materialuri yofierebis dacvaSi da calsaxad mis
SEenarCunebaSi. am qmedebiT adamiani, ase vTqvaT, warsulSi
CarCeba xolme. ise rogorc individualuri suli faqtiurad
kvdeba da sakuTar `me~-s gageba mxolod materialur sxeulad aRqmulobamde dahyavs. amJamad, Cemda sabednierod, darwmunebuli var, rom es yvela adamianisaTvis gardauval process ar warmoadgens, Tumca, Cemda samwuxarod unda iTqvas,
rom es adamianTa absoluturi umravlesobis cxovrebaSi
vlindeba, miT umetes dRes-dREeisobiT, rodesac suliereba
agrerigadaa dakninebuli da gabiTurebuli dedamiwaze. am
adamianTa `gacocxleba~ TiTqmis SeuZlebelic kia, imdenad
Znelia aqedan maTi gamoyvana da Tundac, isev kulturis cnebis WeSmaritad miyolaSi dabruneba. adamiani mainc raRaca
stabilurobis damyarebis mosurne arsebaa. mas gardaqmnebi
ratomRAac mudmivad aSinebs. raRac grafikul-cxrilur monaxazs damsgavsebuli cxovreba misTvis wesierebis saukeTeso gamovlinebad aris miRebuli da yvelaferi, rac am grafikSi ver jdeba, mzad aris uwesobad, uzneobad monaTlos. am
gzas miyolili adamianebi sakuTar gulSi arsebuli survilebis jer Cumad, malviT tarebiT, Semdeg, maTTan dapirispirebiT, maTi ignorirebiT, bolos ki, maTi ganadgurebis surviliT moqmedeben. es aSkara zemoqmedeba sakuTar `me~-ze
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adamianebSi energiis Cagrovebas iwvevs, rac Semdgom, maTSi

Warbi wonis warmoqmnaSi gamoixateba xolme. isini iZineben,
iRviZeben, Wamen, svamen, sazogadoebriv samsaxurSi raRaca
samuSAaoTi arian dakavebulni, laparakoben, seqsiT kavdebian,
Svilebs aCenen da a. S... magram sinamdvileSi, isini ukve
`mkvdrebi~ arian, Tumca amas, ra Tqma unda, veranairad veRAar
acnobiereben. Tavidan miWirda amis yureba, mas Semdeg, rac es
gavicnobiere da amis gamo midrekili viyavi imisaken, rom rogorme damenaxvebina es maTTvis da mxolod am bolo dros
mivxvdi, rom Tu es maT Tavadve ar awuxebT da Tanac Zalian,
Cemi mcdelobebi absoluturi sisulelea. iniciativa, aqedan
gamosvlisa, swored maTgan unda momdinareobdes da arc erT
SEemTxvevaSi ar unda xdebodes Cemgan. Tu sakuTar interesebze vityvi, me maT verafriT davexmarebi am suleluri aqtiurobiT, ai imaT ki, Tavis daWAaobebul cnobierebaSi namdvilad
SeiZleba rom CamiTrion da mec TAavisnair yofaSi gadamiyvanon.
meore gza kulturidan mimavali, piriqiT, zeda safexurze asvlis saSualebas iZleva. am gzas adamiani WeSmarit realobaSi gadahyavs. aq gadasulisTvis kulturis cnebis safuZvelze Semotanili qcevebi gonebis mier aRqmis donemde
midis, anu, imis aRqmis donemde, Tu ram gaxada saWiro ama Tu
im qcevis, wesis, ritualis, tradiciis aseTad Semotanis saWiroeba da aucilebloba. es iqneba materialur samyaroSi
gamovlinebuli kulturuli cnobierebis Sesabamisi emociebis gonebad gardaqmna. realurad gadasvla xdeba vijnanadan
parampranaSi anu sulieri nawilis, individualuri sulis interesebis dacvaSi.
aq gadasuli adamianisaTvis kulturaSi miRebuli da damkvidrebuli qcevebi mxolod da mxolod sxva adamianebTan
komunikaciis, urTierTobis damyarebisa da xelSewyobis saSualeba xdeba da meti araferi. misTvis kulturisa da misi
gamovlinebebis yvelanairi sxvanairi formis datvirTva uqmdeba da mxolod ai, es erTaderTi datvirTva rCeba. aqve minda aRvniSno, rom principSi, swored es gaxlavT kulturis
cnebis funqcionaluri datvirTva da meti araferi ar unda
Seizilos, Seirios masSi.

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adamiani, romelic SeZlebs sakuTar cnobierebaSi kulturis cnebasTan aseTi midgoma gamoimuSAaos, WeSmaritad
srulyofil doneze, mTlianad gaTavisufldeba e. w. materialuri survilebisagan, rac Tavisdauneburad, e. w. netarebis
mdgomareobaSi gadaiyvans mas. netareba aris mdgomareoba,
rodesac adamians materialuri anu `ego~-dan momdinare
survilebi aranairi formiT aRar gaaCnia.
me kidev erT ganmartebas gavakeTeb netarebisa, aseT
formulirebas Cavsvam: netareba (zomieri Tanamimdevruloba) sulier samyaroSi arsebuli upirobiTobebis miRebaa piradi mosazrebis Carevis gareSe da maTi dakmayofilebaa.
ras niSnavs es da ratom movitane es meore ganmarteba?
saqme imaSia, rom materialuri samyarodan sulieri samyaros
an sruli ignorireba xdeba an sulieri samyaros zedmeti
idealizireba. sinamdvileSi, sulier samyaroSi arsebobs
upirobiTobebi, romlebic sulier samyaroSi arsebuli emociebisagan warmoiqmnen. magram materialur samyaroSi arsebuli upirobiTobebisagan gansxvavebiT, sulier samyaroSi
arsebuli upirobiTobebi, anu iq arsebuli emociebi Tu Sesruldeba cocxali arsebis mier, is sulierad dakmayofildeba, rameTu kmayofilebis (sulieri kmayofilebis) miniWebiT
iqneba dakavebuli da, realurad arsebuli mdgomareobiT
srulyofilad da mudmivad iqneba TviTkmari.
rac Seexeba zomieri Tanamimdevrulobis cnebas, masze gadasvla wina TavSi moxseniebuli mosmenis unaris gamomuSavebidan, igive morCili Tayvaniscemidan xdeba. cocxali arseba
ukve moqmedebaSi modis da gulis miyoliT axdens imis da
mxolod imis keTebas, rac sulier samyaroSi arsebuli emociebisTvis (upirobiTobebisTvis) aris misaRebi. swored amas
niSnavs sityva `zomieri~ da sityva `Tanamimdevruloba~. am
gzaze damdgari cocxali arsebebi iotisodenadac ar da ver
daarRveven gangebis mier sulieri samyarosTvis gansazRvruli obieqturi realobis mimdinareobas.
netareba, materialuri (`ego~-dan momdinarebuli) survilebisagan gaTavisufleba, parampranas qaluri sawyisis
warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. amiT sruldeba materializirebuli cocxali arsebis qaluri sawyisis mier sulier samyaroSi miRebuli qmedebebis darRvevis albaTobac ki. es iqneba
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cocxali arsebis qaluri sawyisis mier sulieri nawilis dacva. es iqneba ara marto sakuTari individualuri sulis WeSmariti interesebis dacva, aramed mTels arsebul gamovlinebaSi arsebuli mTeli sulierebis srulyofili dacva, TviT
materialur samyaroSic ki.
ufro metic ki SeiZleba iTYqvas, marTalia, es Zalian, AZalian Znelia, magram, materialur samyaroSi materialur sxeulSi yofnis pirobebSi amis gakeTeba, anu sulieri nawilis
interesebis WeSmaritad dacva, ufro metad dasafasebelia
da dafasdeba kidevac gangebis mier. Tumca arc imas vuaryof,
rom es cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari Secdomebis gasworeba
iqneba. mTeli sulieri samyaro siyvaruliTa da sixaruliT
miiRebs am cocxal arsebas ukan TavisTan misi materialuri
sxeulidan gasvlis Semdgom.

mecniereba da ganaTlebuloba (araZaladoba)

mecniereba, rogorc vijnanas igive qvelmoqmedebis mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, iseve rogorc
kultura, erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi cnebaa, romelic
uzarmazar rols TamaSobs materializirebuli moazrovne
cocxali arsebebis (gansakuTrebiT adamianebis) materializirebuli saxiT arsebobis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi.
rogorc wignis dasawyisSic aRvniSne, sulierebisa da materialurobis aRqma individualuria nebismieri cocxali
arsebisaTvis. es aRqma mTlianad fardobiTobis, SEedarebiTobis Sedegad yalibdeba. imisda Sesabamisad, Tu ras miakuTvnebs adamiani sulierebis warmomadgenlobiT grafas da ras
materialurobis warmomadgenlobiT grafas, xdeba adamianis
fsiqotipis, xasiaTis, Cveulebebisa da TviT sqesis gansazRvrac. Tu uxeS dakompleqtebas movaxden, mamakacebi ufro
pragmatikosebi arian anu sulier samyaroSi materialurobad aRiarebuli nawilis mcire an did nawils materialurobad aRiqvamen, xolo qalebi ufro fanatikosebi arian, anu
sulier samyaroSi materialurobad aRiarebuli nawilis
mcire an did nawils sulierebad aRiqvamen. Tu am sazomebiT

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SevxedavT, swored es ori faqtori xdeba cocxali arsebebis

materializirebis mizezi.
rogorc ar unda movindomo mecierebis cnebis galamazeba an damaxinjeba, realurad igi mTlianad momavalSi mosaxdeni movlenebis, rogorc dasamkvidrebeli WeSmaritebis
grZnobis doneze ver aRqmul nawils gamoxatavs. Tumca misda
sasargeblod unda iTqvas, rom am ver aRqmulobis maqsimalurad saukeTEesod gamoxatvas emsaxureba (yovel SemTxvevaSi
unda emsaxurebodes da Tu ar emsaxureba, is mecniereba aRar
aris, ubralod sul sxva ramaa da mecnierebasTan saerTo
araferi aqvs).
sxva sityvebiT rom iTqvas, mecniereba adamianebSi arsebuli ambiciebis moTvinierebis da marTvis meqanizms warmoadgens. ambiciebi xom, Tavis mxriv, grZnobis doneze raRaca
inforamciis ver aRqmisa da ver SegrZnebis Sedegia.
kidev erTi damatebiTYi ganmartebiT Tu vixelmZRvaneleb,
vityvi, rom mecniereba materialur samyaroSi arsebuli statuskvo pirobiTobebis miReEba, aRqma da srulyofilad Sesrulebaa.
igi, iseve rogorc kultura, erTgvar baqans warmoadgens,
saidanac ori erTmaneTis sapirispiro mimarTulebiT ganTavsebuli gza arsebobs. erT maTgans adamianis dabla Camoyvanis unari gaaCnia. am gzas adamiani pragmatizmSi gadahyavs materialuri samyarosTvis SesabamisobaSi moyvanili gadasaxedidanac ki. aq gadasuli cocxali arseba mecnierebaSi miRebuli pirobiTobis darRvevis, axali pirobiTobebis ESEemotanis mcdelobebiT xasiaTdeba da yvelasi da yvelafris sakuTari daqvemdebarebis qveS moqcevis mcdelobaSi gardauvlad, aucileblad gadaizrdeba. adamiani gadadis pranamaiaSi
da, garemoze zemoqmedebis moxdenis mcdelobebiT, gaerTianebis mcdelobis nacvlad, daSlasa da daqucmacebas, garemoSi arsebuli materializirebuli cocxali arsebebis, adamianebis urTierTdapirispirebis muxts sdebs da Tavisdauneburad, materialur samyaroSi arsebul am tendencias ufro da
ufro aZlierebs. am gzaze damdgari adamiani cvlilebebis,
garadaqmnis surviliT moqmedebs, magram ver xedavs imas, rom
mis mier SEeTavazebuli ideebi verafers pozitiurs ver moutans veravis. piriqiTac kia, negatiurobis gazrdas axdens. es
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imitom xdeba, rom misTvis sulierebad aRsaqmel nawils TviTon xom materialurobad aRiqvams da sxvebsac unda ase daanaxos da aRaqmevinos es. sinamdvileSi, es gonebaze ki ara,
grZnobaze unda iyos aqcentirebuli da koncentrirebuli.
sxvaTaSoris, es yovelive aris is, rac Cemnairi tipis adamianebma aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinon. am adamianebma sakuTari ambiciebi grZnobad unda gadaaqcion da gonebrivad aRqmuli nawilis vinmesTvis Tavze moxvevis survilebi erTxel
da samudamod unda amoiZirkvon sakuTari gulebidan. Tu vinmes moundeba raimes danaxva da gageba gonebriv doneze, TviTon unda movides da iTxovos, es Zalian did datvirTvas
iZens. Tu isini aseTi adamianis cxovrebaSi ar Cndebian es gangebis mier aris ase organizebuli, rameTu, jer TavisSi am
adamians Warbi informaciis ar gacemis unari ver aqvs gamomuSvebuli, anu im gacemuli informaciuli codnis racioni,
romelic misTvis aravis uTxovia, es ki Tavisdauneburad Zaladobas warmoadgens. am qmedebiT urTierTobaSi myof adamianSi emocia gonebad ki ara, ambiciad gardaiqmneba. ai amitom iTeseba negatiuroba.
meore gza mecnierebidan momavali piriqiT, zeda safexurze asvlis saSualebas iZleva. am gzas adamiani, WeSmarit
romantizmSi gadahyavs. aq gadasuli adamiani mecnierebis
cnebis safuZvelze Semotanili warmosaxviT, grZnobis mier
SegrZnebis donemde midis, anu imis SegrZnebis donemde, Tu
ram gaxada saWiro ama Tu im pirobiTobebis, regulirebis saSualebebis urTierTobebSi SEemotana. es iqneba materialur
samyaroSi gamovlinebuli mecnieruli cnobierebis Sesabamisi ambiciebis grZnobad gardaqmna. realurad, gadasvla ki,
xdeba vijnanadan parampranaSi anu sulieri nawilis, individualuri sulis interesebis dacvaSi.
aq gadasuli adamianebisaTvis mecnierebaSi miRebuli da
damkvidrebuli winadadebebi, ideebi mxolod da mxolod Tavisze ufro maRali eTikuri donis warmomadgenlebTan, yvelaze saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi samyaros uzenaes pirovnebasTan, igive mama RmerTTan urTierTobis damyarebisa da sakuTari pirovnebis WeSmaritad ganaTlebis saSualeba xdeba
mxolod da mxolod. misTvis mecnierebisa da misi gamovlinebebis yvelanairi sxvanairi datvirTva uqmdeba da mxolod ai
135

es erTaderTi datvirTva rCeba. swored es gaxlavT mecnierebis funqcionaluri datvirTva.

adamiani, romelic SeZlebs sakuTar cnobierebaSi mecnierebis cnebasTan aseTi midgoma gamoimuSAavos WeSmaritad
srulyofil doneze, igi mTlianad im sulieri survilebis
Sesrulebis mcdelobiT ganimsWvaleba, romelic unda hqondes sulieri samyaros warmomadgenels, es TavisTavad gamoiwvevs adamianis EWeSmaritad ganaTlebas. TavisTavad ki, es
imas niSnavs, rom materialur samyaroSi yofnis miuxedavad
adamiani SeZlebs sulier samyaroSi miReEbuli Sexedulebebis
absoluturad Sesabamisad aRiqvas ra aris suliereba da ra
aris materialuroba (ra Tqma unda, sruli ganaTlebulobis
Semdgom, rodesac masSi aRar iarsebeben sakuTari gonierebis gavrcelebis survilebi).
ganaTlebuloba aris mdgomareoba, rodesac adamians sulieri anu `me~-dan momdinare survilebis garda sxva survilebi aRar gaaCnia.
aqve gavakeTeb ganaTlebulobis kidev erT ganmartebas
igi sulier samyaroSi arsebuli statuskvo pirobiTobebis
zedmiwevniT miReba, aRqma da srulyofilad Sesrulebaa. amis
miRma Semotanili pirobiTobebi ambiciebia, romlebic WeSmariti grZnobis nacvlad ikavebs adgils da adamians sakuTari
mniSvnelovnebis SEegrZnebas uviTarebs, uyalibebs. vidre erTi zedmeti pirobiToba anu ambiciis mcireodeni gamovlineba mainc arsebobs adamianSi, igi sulieri samyaros warmomadgenlad ver iqneba dafiqsirebuli gangebis, RmerTis (gangebis piradi wamomadgenlis), sulieri samyarosa da misi warmomadgenlebis mier.
rogorc kulturisa da netarebis nawilSi aRniSnuli
mniSvnelovani faqtis SEemTxvevaSi, mecnierebisa da ganaTlebis nawilSic aucileblad vTvli aRvniSno is, rom sulier
samyaroSic arsebobs pirobiTobebi, romlebic sulier samyaroSi arsebuli ambiciebisagan warmoiqmneba. magram materialuri samyarosgan gansxvavebiT, sulier samyaroSi arsebuli
pirobiTobebi anu iq arsebuli ambiciebi Tu Sesruldeba
cocxali arsebis mier is sulier siamovnebas miiRebs, rameTu
sulieri siamovnebis miniWebiT iqneba dakavebuli da realurad, mudmivad da miniWebuli siamovnebis Sesabamisad mieni136

Weba WeSmariti codna, romelic am momentamde ar gaaCnda. e.

i. sulier samyaroSi ambiciebi siamovnebis miniWebis survilSi gamoixateba, xolo emociebi ki kmayofilebis miniWebis
survilSi.
rac SEeexeba araZaladobas, masze gadasvla wina TavSi moxseniebuli gaziarebis unaris gamomuSavebidan, TviTkmari
myudroebis miRweulobidan unda moxdes. cocxali arseba
ufro aqtiuri momqmedi xdeba, magram garegnul doneze materialur samyaroSi igi umoqmedo arsebad moCans.
ganaTlebuloba (araZaladoba) parampranas mamakacuri
sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilia. amiT sruldeba materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mamakacuri sawyisis mier
sulier samyaroSi miRebuli samoqmedo, samomavlod gaTvaliswinebuli Sexedulebebis darRvevis albaTobac ki. es iqneba cocxali arsebis mamakacuri sawyisis mier sulieri nawilis dacva. es iqneba ara marto sakuTari individualuri sulis WeSmariti interesebis dacva, aramed mTels arsebul gamovlinebulobaSi arsebuli mTeli sulierebis srulyofili
dacva, TviT materialur samyaroSic ki.
aqve aRvniSnav, rom am safexuris gavla materialur samyaroSi materialur individualur sxeulSi yofnis pirobebSi Zalian, Zalian rTuls, magram sabednierod, ara SeuZlebel mizans warmoadgens. Tu adamiani am safexuris gavlas
SeZlebs, is sulier samyaroSi gadasvlisTvis gasavleli gzis
meore safexurs srulad daakmayofilebs.

137

III TAavi
mano paramananda
sakuTari `me~-s funqcionaluri saqmianobis gansazRvris
mesame safexuri
paramananda sulier samyaroSi mimdinare arsebuli cnobierebis aRqmis miRweva da gangebasTan mimarTebaSi (nebayofilobiTi Tu uneburi) dapirispirebulobis precendentis
aRmofxvra (Tundac) materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi.
amis Sedegad es arseba gangebis mxridan ndobas miiRebs (moipovebs, daimsaxurebs), xolo masSi ki WeSmariti rwmena damkvidrdeba am mimdinare wamis gadasaxedidan absoluturi
WEeSmaritebis siRrmiseuli aRqmis donemdec ki.
paramanandaSi gadasvla manodan aris SesaZlebeli. es
faqti Zalian mniSvnelovania da Zalian angariSgasawevia am
doneze warmatebis miRwevis msurvelisTvis. miuxedavad imisa, rom es cocxali arsebisTvis maqsimaluri SesaZleblobis
miRebas moiazrebs, umniSvnelovAAanes ramed, mimaCnia is, rom
paramananda ar aris maqsimaluri mizani cocxali arsebisaTvis. amas SemdgomSi avxsni.
mano sakuTari `me~-Tvis gangebis mier dakisrebuli pasuxismgebloba
asketizmi (sakuTari mamakacuri da
qaluri sawyisis urTierToba)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
SEemecneba materialur samyaroSi
funqcionaluri religiuroba maarsebuli damkvidrebuli pirobiToterialur samyaroSi arsebuli dambebisagan gamijvna, sakuTar `me~-Si
kvidrebuli upirobiTobebisagan gaCaRrmavebiT `me~-s cnebis gageba
mijvna. sakuTari `ego~-s (sxeulis)
gan(r)wmendis mcdeloba
paramananda sakuTri `me~-s iniciativiT srulyofilebis miRweva
keTilSobileba (sakuTari mamakacuri da
qaluri sawyisebis sruli SeTavsebuloba)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
ndoba (srulyofilebis miRweva sarwmena (gangebis nebis gamovlinebis
kuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis diapasaSualebad gadaqceuloba) sulizonSi) sulier samyaroSi arsebuli
er samyaroSi arsebuli upirobiTopirobiTobebis cnobier doneze aRbebis cnobier doneze aRqma da upiqma da pirobiTobebis Semcireba TarobiTobebis axsna upirobiTobebze
vis `me~-Si maT srul aRmofxvramde
damokidebulebisagan srulad gaTavisuflebamde

138

asketizmi da keTilSobileba
asketizmi Tavisi arsobrivi mniSvnelobiT materialur
gandegilobas (sxva materializirebuli cocxali arsebisagan ganze dgomilebas) niSnavs. asketizmis funqcionaluri
datvirTva imaSi mdgomareobs, rom materializirebulma
cocxalma arsebam (albaT, am SemTxvevaSi upriania adamiani
vigulisxmoT, Tumca me mimaCnia rom am process verc erTi
materializirebuli cocxali arseba ver ascdeba raRaca doziT) Tavisi Semadgeneli mamakacuri da qaluri sawyisebi erTmaneTTan raRaca donis aqtiur urTierTobaSi moiyvanos da
imaze metad urTierTdaaxloeba da urTierTgageba moaxdinos maTSi, vidre es asketizmis mdgomareobaSi gadasvlamde
iyo. albaT niSandoblivia isic, rom asketizmis cnebis mamakacur sawyisSi moxseniebulia SEemecneba, xolo qalur sawyisSi
ki moxseniebulia funqcionaluri religiuroba.
imaze aRar SevCerdebi, ubralod vaxseneb, rom danarCeni
materializirebuli cocxali arsebebisaTvis (absoluturi
umravlesobisaTvis yovel SEemTxvevaSi) asketizmSi, materialur gandegilobaSi myofi materializirebuli cocxali arseba erTgvarad gaugebari da uintereso xdeba. aq ufro sxva
mxares minda CavuRrmavde. ra xdeba am periodSi Tavad am adamianSi (an nebismier asketizmSi gadasul materializirebul
cocxal arsebaSi), es ufro mniSvnelovan Temad mimaCnia, rameTu, sxva yvelafers rom TAavi davaneboT, asketizmis periodi swored sakuTar arsESi CaRrmavebasa da `me~-s Ziebasa da
Secnobas unda emsaxurebodes. aqac ori ZiriTadi mimarTuleba arsebobs:
erTi, mxolod vizualuri formiT aris gamoxatuli, rac
faqtiurad garSemo arsebuli materialuri realobidan gaqcevas ufro hgavs imis SiSiT, rom garemoSi arsebuli dacemulobasTan gardauvali Tanacxovrebis procesSi imaze metad
ar moxdes gabinZureba, cdunebaSi Sesvla, rac ukve aqvs.
meore, mxolod funqcionaluri formiT aris gamoxatuli, rac faqtiurad garSemo arsebuli materialuri realobis gverdidan dakvirvebas da dawvrilebiTi ganxilva-gansjis mcdelobas ufro hgavs. es, faqtiurad, im CaRrmavebis
mcdelobiT (Cemis SexedulebiT, Tavisdauneburad warmoq139

mnili siyvaruliT) moxdeba, romelsac adamiani moaxdens imisaTvis, rom materialur samyaroSi arsebuli sibinZuris Secnoba, aRqma da gaSifvra SeZlos. am SemTxvevaSi am adamians
araTu cdunebaSi Sesvlis SiSi ar gaaCnia, imis droc ki ar
rCeba, amaze dafiqrdes, imdenad dakavebulia sibinZuris,
sibnelis, simcdaris aRmofxvriTa da siwminded, sinaTled,
WeSmaritebad gardaqmnis mcdelobiT. am saqmianobis Sedegad, Tavisdauneburadac ki, am adamianis Sida arsi icvleba
da misi rogorc suli, ise sxeuli iwmindeba.
pirveli mimarTulebiT svlis SemTxvevaSi adamiani annamaiaSi gadavardeba anu materialuri sakvebiT iqneba Semofargluli. Semova iseTi cnebebi rogoricaa marTva, wirva,
kvebiTi racionuli gansazRvra dReebis, saaTebis mixedviT.
agreTve gemovnebis am pirdapir materialur formasTan Semova azrovnebis materialuri formebis, Cemi gadasaxedidan,
pasiuri blokirebis mcdelobebi. magaliTad: yovel sam saaTSi erTi da igive sityvebis (locvebis) kiTxva, amis Cvevis doneze dayvana, liturgiuli wesebis daweseba, erTgvarovnebis
siwmindeebis umaRles gamovlinebad damtkiceba da a. S da a. S.
sxvaTa Soris, dRevandeli materialuri globalizaciis
procesSi ara mxolod calkeuli adamianebi, aramed mTeli
erebi da saxelmwifoebi Tavisdauneburad am gzaze damdgrebi sibinZuriT Tanamimdevruli AZalmomreobiTi gasvris
msxverplni gaxdnen. is saxelmwifoebi ki (maT Soris saqarTveloc), romlebmac winaaRmdegobis gaweva moindomes ekonomikuri da politikuri blokadis mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen. saqme imaSia, rom maT sulieri samyarodan, RmerTisagan, gangebisagan mxardaWera ver moipoves, rameTu erT adgilze dgoma airCies da funqcionaluri saqmianobis Sesruleba aRar indomes. Tumca samwuxarod, amis ase danaxveba am
erebisaTvisa da saxelmwifoebisaTvis warmoudgenlad rTul
raRacas warmoadgens. sabolood, isini mainc moZalebuli sibinZuriTa da simcdariT gasvrisTvis arian ganwirulebi.
meore mimarTulebiT svlis SemTxvevaSi, adamiani paramanandaSi gadava, anu keTilSobilebis, WeSmariti sikeTis cnobier doneze aRqmisa da Semotanis mcdelobiT iqneba dakavebuli. vnaxoT ra xdeba am SemTxvevaSi. rogorc ara erTxel
aRminiSnavs, magram kidev minda ganvsazRvro sikeTis cneba.
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sikeTe aris is, rac marTla, WeSmaritad sakeTebelia da rac

unda akeTos absoluturad yvela da nebismierma cocxalma
arsebam idealur SemTxvevaSi. sikeTe Tavad or ZiriTad cnebaze bazirdeba. esenia ndoba da rwmena. es ori umTavresi faseulobaa, romlebic marTaven absoluturad yvela sxva danarCen faseulobebsa da cnebebs. sadac ar aris ndoba Semodian pirobiTobebi anu igive ambiciebi, xolo sadac ar aris
rwmena, Semodian upirobiTobebi anu igive emociebi. am sakiTxebs ufro Rrmad SemdgomSi Sevexebi, axla ki, isev keTilSobilebis zogad Tematur ganxilvas minda davubrundeT. Tu
asketizmi erT pirovnebaSi arsebuli mamakacuri da qaluri
sawyisebis urTierTdabalansebis mcdelobebi iyo, rogorc
aRvniSne, keTilSobileba asketizmis procesSi funqcionaluri saqmianobis Sesrulebis Sedegad miRebuli srulyofili jamuri Sedegis gamovlineba gaxlavT. e. i. keTilSobileba
erT pirovnebaSi arsebuli mamakacuri da qaluri sawyisebis
sruli da idealuri urTierTSeTavsebulobis gamoxatulebaa. es srulyofilebis miRwevaa nebismieri pirovnebisaTvis
gangebis mier misTvis gansazRvruli gamovlinebulobis sazRvrebSi mamakacuri sawyisis mier, xolo qaluri sawyisis mier es aris gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceuloba. am TavSi xdeba imis miRwevisa da miRweulobis axsna ra
ZiriTadi mizani da datvirTvac gaaCnia am wignis generalur
xazs da Zireul interess.
am SemTxvevaSi ori mniSvnelovani momenti arsebobs.
1. pirveli gaxlavT is, rom am udidesi miznis misaRwevad
Turme gamoyenebuli unda iqnas asketizmis cnebis funqcionaluri saqmianoba anu materialuri samyaros gverdidan dakvirvebis saSualebiT sibinZuris sakuTar arsSi aRmofxvra.
am saqmianobiT dakavebuli adamiani iTavisebs imas, rom `me~
gacilebiT ufro didi ramaa, vidre mxolod sakuTari sxeuli an Tundac sakuTari individualuri suli. `me~ xdeba absoluturad yvelasa da yvelafris aRmniSvneli da gamomxatveli sityva, rameTu swored garemoze dakvirvebiT gardaiqmneba igi da ara sakuTar naWuWSi CaketviTa da yvelaferze
Tvalebis daxuWviTa da yurebis dacobiT. Tu adamiani sxvaSi
aRmoCenil Tvisebas gaSifravs, TviTonac Tavisdauneburad
Seicvleba e. i. es erTi mTliani nawiliT sakuTari pirovnebis
141

CaTvliT da igi sxvas ise dauwyebs mopyrobas, rogorc Tavadve surs sxva moepyras mas. mokled rom iTqvas, moxdeba Semecneba, `me~-s cnebis gadafaseba da SEemdgom Tavisi pirovnebis `me~-s cnebis saukeTeso gamovlinebul formasTan SesabamisobaSi moyvana. agreTve moxdeba ukve imis ganuxrelad dacva, rac WeSmaritad Semecnebuli eqneba anu funqcionaluri
religiurobis gamovlineba absoluturad yvelasTan da yvelaferTan.
2. meore gaxlavT is, rom am udidesi miznis miRwevis Semdgom, Turme interesebis arseboba pirovnebaSi araTu mTavrdeba, aramed piriqiTac ki SeiZleba iTqvas, interesebis axali, gacilebiT ufro didi talRa iwyeba. es adamiani gangebis
ndobiT da pirad individualobaASi WeSmariti rwmeniT Seimoseba. is gacilebiT ufro didi miznebis ganxorcielebis samsaxurSi dgeba, vidre aqamde misi viwro merkantiluri interesebi iyo. minda vTqva, rom am momentis AaRmoCena CemTvis erTgvari Sokismomgvreli ram iyo, Tumca sasiamovnod Sokismomgvreli. ratomRac adre srulyofilebis miRweva pirovnulobis
damTAvrebis sinonimi megona. sxvaTa Soris, am momentis aRmoCenam da dafiqsirebam uzarmazari stimuli momca da gamiaTmaga
survili mimeRwia WeSmariti srulyofilebisaTvis, sakuTari
`me~-s gamovlinebis diapazonSi da mimeRwia gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceulobisTvis. TviTon imis warmodgenac ki did bednierebas maniWebs, rom uSualod gangebis
piradi warmomadgenlebis mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis uSualo samsaxurSi viqna miREebuli da maTi ndobiT e. i. maTi, rogorc mamisa da dedis siyvaruliT piradad maTTan urTierTobebSi yofniT vtkbebode.
magram misi aRwera SeuZlebelia, es unda igrZno !!!

funqcionaluri religiuroba da rwmena

funqcionaluri religiuroba rogorc manos igive asketizmis qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili materialur samyaroSi arsebul da damkvidrebul upirobiTobebs
upirispirdeba. radganac es upirobiTobebi miREebuli da
damkvidrebulia xelSeuxebel, aragadasaxed gansaxorciele142

bel qmedebebad. maTi gadaxedva gardaqmnisa Tu Semcirebis

mizniT sisuleled, arasaWiro saqmianobad aris miCneuli. ai,
swored amis sapirispiros emsaxureba funqcionaluri religiuroba. igi acxadebs, rom es upirobiTobebi gangebis mier
materialur samyaroSi dasaSveb sazRvrebSi arsebuli `ego~s qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawiliao. amitomac,
igi emijneba am upirobiTobebsa da materialuri sxeulebis
anu cocxal arsebaSi arsebuli `ego~-s Semcirebisa (an ufro
swored `me~-d gardaqmnis) da gan(r)wmendis mcdelobiT aris
dakavebuli.
ZiriTadi ganmasxvavebeli niSani vizualur religiurobasa da funqcionalur religiurobas Soris gaxlavT is, rom
pirvel SemTxvevaSi moqmedebis wamyvanoba emociebzea gapirovnebuli, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi ki moqmedebis wamyvani
gonebaa.
Tavad religiuroba, vizualuri iqneba es, Tu funqcionaluri, aSkarad asketizmis qaluri sawyisis ganStoebas warmoadgens im gagebiT, rom mTeli mimdinare procesi uSualod
erT pirovnebaSi erT materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi
SigniT xdeba, rogorc misi Semadgeneli mamakacuri da qaluri sawyisebis urTierTobrivi gamovlinebulobis forma.
funqcionaluri religiuroba (Tundac vizualuri religiurobiskenac ki) mxolod da mxolod im nawilze koncentrirebulobiT unda iyos dakavebuli, sadac WeSmariti rwmena ar sufevs, sadac adamianis mier gangebisadmi, RmerTisadmi, sulieri samyarosadmi ndoba ubralod dakargulia da daviwyebulia. arsebobs erTi martivi WeSmariteba: Ugverdidan
ukeT sCans. ai, swored amiT unda xelmZRvanelobdes adamiani.
is TAavis garSEemo arsebul realobas gulmodgined, didi gulisyuriT unda daakvirdes da am SEemTxvevaSi is siyalbe unda
aRmoaCinos, romelic mis garSemo sufevs. funqcionalur religiurobaSi uzarmazar mniSvnelobas iZens tyuilis ardaSveba TavisSi. ar arsebobs maxinji da lamazi tyuili (tyuili
tyuilia). swored tyuili gaxlavT sibinZurisa da simcdaris
saZirkveli. Tu raime ukve damkvidrebuli iyo materialur
samyaroSi siwmindis, sispetakis TvalsazrisiT da Semdgom
xdeba amis darRveva, swored amis gansaxorcieleblad da Semosatanad gamoiyeneba zogadad tyuili. tyuilis fenomenis
143

gaSifvras Tu movindomebT es gaxlavT adamianis mier raRac

damkvidrebuli moraluri Tu zneobrivi normebis darRvevis, damaxinjebis mcdeloba sakuTari angarebiTi, merkantiluri interesebis misaRwevad. is, vinc WeSmaritad mihyveba
da daicavs funqcionalur religiurobas, man TAavisken momarTul misi motyuebis mcdelobas yovelTvis, yvelgan da
yvelasTan mimarTebaSi farda unda axados, niRabi Camoxsnas.
am SemTxvevaSi xaTrianoba, daTmoba, Tvalis daxuWva, Secodeba, swored rom, am funqcionaluri religiurobis darRveva iqneba. maamebloba, arwyenineba vinmesi, nebismieris, vinc
motyuebas apirebs da cdilobs, adamianis mier gangebisa da
RmerTis wyeninebas gamoiwvevs, maTi imedis gacruebas, romelsac isini masze amyarebdnen. vfiqrob, amaze martivad amis
axsna da gadmocema SeuZlebelia da arc aris albaT saWiro
primitivizireba. Tumca aqve minda vTqva, rom amis gakeTEeba
anu tyuilisaTvis niRbis Camoxsna yovelTvis, yvelgan da
yvelasTan mimarTebaSi, Zalian rTul saqmes warmoadgens. realurad, Tu adamiani amas WeSmaritad SeZlebs, is materialur samyaroze da materializirebul cocxal arsebebze,
sxva adamianebze mijaWvulobisagan WeSmaritad gaTavisuflebul iqneba. sxva mxriv, funqcionalur religias miyolili
adamianebi simarTlesTan dakavSirebiT ruporis rols araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar aiRebs, rameTu, asketizmis gzaze damdgari adamiani sxvisTvis niSnis mogebiT ar da ver dakavdeba. simarTlec SeiZleba maxinji formiT gamovlindes da aqac erT
patara formulirebas Cavdeb: im simarTlis Tqmas azri ara
aqvs, romelic niSnis mogebas, sakuTari pirovnebis upiratesobis gamoCinebas emsaxureba da romelic WeSmaritebas
ar emsaxureba.
amiT, me msurs funqcionaluri religiis ufro maRal
saFfexurze ayvanis, ase vTqvaT, misi miznis Sesaxeb vilaparako. es safexuri gaxlavT is, romelsac gamoxatavs rwmenis
cneba.
me rwmenis cnebis garSemo Cems wina wignebSi Zalian bevri
maqvs dawerili, magram aq cota sxva kuTxidan minda Sevxedo.
am wignSi rwmenis miRwevadoba ufro xelSEesaxeb, ufro Sinaganad SegrZnebad, Zalian axloSi da masSi siRrmiseul Sesvlad raimed aris gadmocemuli. ase vTqvaT, ufro meti gaSi144

naurebaa am cnebasTan dakavSirebiT. SiSi (romelic udavod

unda arsebobdes urwmunoebis mqonesTvis) ufro siyvaruliT masSi CaRrmavebulobiT aris metad Canacvlebuli. saboloo jamSi, rwmena xom gangebis nebis srulyofilad miRebis
unaris mixedviT izomeba. visac gangebisa da misi piradi warmomadgenlebis ar sjera (an Tu SevarbilebT, bolomde ar
sjera), maSin am adamians eWvi epareba maTSi da misi urwmunoebac (anu WeSmariti rwmenis ar qonac) am eWvdamkvidrebuli nawiliT iqneba gamoxatuli.
Tu cxrilur monacemSi Semotanil ganmartebas rwmenisas
kidev erTxel gavaxmovaneb, es aris sulier samyaroSi arsebuli upirobiTobebis cnobier doneze aRqmisa da maTi axsnis
gamoxatuleba. aq ukve igulisxmeba is, rom cocxali arseba
ukve iqneba gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualeba anu srulad eqneba miRebuli gangebis nebismieri gadawyvetileba
sisruleSi moyvanili Tu jer ar moyvanili. ufro metic, aq
laparakia gangebis mier mowyobili situaciebis miznebis aRqmaze, is Tu risTvis akeTebs gangeba amas da ara materialur,
aramed sulier samyaroSi arsebuli upirobiTobebis (emociebis) gonebad gardaqmnaze.
TiTqmis paradoqsalurad JRers, magram unda vTqva, rom
iq, sadac WeSmariti rwmena aris damkvidreuli religiuroba,
funqcionaluric ki Tavis arsebobis saWiroebasa da aucileblobas hkargavs. es ise ismineba, TiTqos religiuroba
arasaWiroebad iqceva, magram rom ar gavliliyo religiurobis da gansakuTrebiT funqcionaluri religiurobis aTvisebisa da gaTavisebis gza, WeSmariti rwmena ver damkvidrdeboda. ubralod aq imazea laparaki, rom absoluturad yvelaferze, TviT funqcionalur religiurobazec ki, Cvevis doneze gamomuSavebuli brma mijaWvuloba drois moTxovnilebebis ugulvebelyofaa. ai, ase gadaiqceva xolme metad dadebiTi da metad saWiro cnebebze awyoba negatiur, uaryofiT
da arasaWiro tendenciebad. sxvaTa Soris, axla vwer da Tan
Cemdauneburad vakvirdebi da mikvirs. qarTul enaSi yvela
mniSvnelovan da funqcionalur sityvier cnebebSi guli da
goneba figurirebs. gulis-yuri, yurad-Reba, gulis-xmiereba, Se-goneba, ga-goneba, mo-goneba, gul-dasma, gulis-xmobs
(niSnavs) da a. S da a. S. TviTon qarTul cnobierebaSi Zevs is,
145

rom es adamianisTvis ara alternatiuli, aramed ualternativod saWirod asarCevi gzaa.

amJamad mimdinare movlenebi, vfiqrob, swored rom adasturebs amas. qarTvelma sazogadoebam gulsa da gonebas uRalata da ai, amitomac Cavarda im savalalo DdReSi, raSic amJamad igi imyofeba da, vfiqrob, gangeba swored rom iZulebas
ukeTebs imisaTvis, raTa rogorme ukidures gaWirvebaSi Cavardnil mdgomareobaSi yofnis pirobebSi mainc moindomos
qarTvelma erma daubrundes imas, risTvisac arsebobda igi,
rogorc gansxvavebuli fenomeni dedamiwis pirobebSi. ukacravad am sentimentaluri gadaxvevisaTvis, ubralod sulma
wamZlia da ratomRac veRar moviTmine.
sul bolos am mikroTavisa ar SEemiZlia ar aRvniSno, rom
axla dedamiwaze swored imis dro movida rodesac vizualuri religiuroba funqcionalur religiurobaSi unda gadaizardos, xolo es ki, Tavis mxriv, safuZveli unda gaxdes WeSmariti rwmenis Camoyalibebisa da miRebis saqmeSi. Wadrakis
enaze rom vTqva amJamad materializirebuli cocxali arsebebi caitnotSi arian da ufro metic, am caitnots (droSi
mZafr SezRudulobas) cung-cvangis mdgomareobac aqvs darTuli. es niSnavs imas, rom ra svlac ar unda gaakeTo mainc waageb. ise rom dRes-dReisobiT adamianebma sjobia gamosavali
RmerTis, gangebis ZiebaSi da masTan sakuTari Tavis SesabamisobaSi moyvanaSi eZebon. SEemDdgomSi maT amis dro da saSualeba, maTda samwuxarod, ubralod aRar eqnebaT. sakuTari sibinZure da simcdare Zalian didi xniT gadaiyvans maT iq, sadac maT yofna namdvilad ar moewonebaT.

SEemecneba da ndoba
Semecneba, rogorc manos, igive asketizmis mamakacuri
sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, materialur samyaroSi
arsebul da damkvidrebul pirobiTobebs (ambiciebs) sulierad upirispirdeba da uRrmavdeba.
rogorc am Tavis dasawyisSi aRvniSne, Semecneba pirdapir
dakavSirebulia `me~-s ESecnobasTan da `me~-s cnebis gadafaseba-gaanalizebasTan. sityva `me~ saocrad did masStabebs
146

iZens da asketizmis mamakacuri sawyisis pirobaze mTeli materialuri samyaros momcveli da aRmniSvneli cneba xdeba.
uxeSad rom vTqvaT, azri ekargeba mesame piris nacvalsaxelebs, romelTa qvakuTxedi aris `is~, ingreva ucxos, mtris,
pirovnuli dapirispirebulobis, Casafrebulobis arsebobis
mizezica da sababic.
Semecnebas miyolili pirovneba skurpuliozurad axdens
sazogadoebaSi arsebuli im pirobiTobebis (ambiciebis) gegmazomier dakvirvebasa da axsnas, rac materialur samyaroSi
miRebul da damkvidrebul normad aris miCneuli. SeiZleba
es materialuri samyaros sxva warmomadgenlebisTvis sruliad gaugebari darCes, magram Semecnebis gzaze damdgari adamianisTvis araTu pirobiTobiT cxovreba aRar aris sasurveli (im pirobiTobebiT, romlebic sakuTari gulmodginebiTa
da gangebis uSualo daxmarebiT gaiSifra mis arsobriv aRqmaSi), aramed misTvis arasworad, aramarTebulad miiCneva am pirobiTobebis SesrulebiT dakaveba da misTvis gankuTvnili
arsebobis periodis amaze dakargva. sainteresoa ra surs
mas?
am adamians mxolod ori gza gaaCnia. meti arCevani mis mier ver iqneba miRebuli, radgan es logikurad martivad aqeT
waiyvans mas (amitom viZaxi, rom maRalgonierebis gadasaxedidan, nebismieri cocxali arseba advilad aris winaswarganWvretadi).
pirveli gza SeiZleba mimarTuli iyos annamaias mamakacuri sawyisisken anu sakuTari gemovnebis gamovlenisa da misi
dakmayofilebis mcdelobisken. meore gza ki mimarTuli iqneba paramanandas mamakacuri sawyisisken anu gangebisa da gangebis nebis unaklod gamomvlineblebis mxridan ndobis damsaxurebisa da mopovebis mcdelobisken.
gemovneba am SemTxvevaSi albaT, met-naklebad gaumjobesebuli grZnobis (araemociis) unaris gamomuSAavebas niSnavs
pirovnebaSi, magram sakiTxi aq im mxriv dgas arasworad (piradad Cemi gadasaxedidan), rom es adamiani Tavis Tavs SedarebiT WrilSi ayenebs materialuri samyaros sxva danarCen warmomadgenlebTan, riTac sabolood, adre Tu gvian, im daskvnamde midis, rom misi gagebis arc survili da arc unari mis
garSemo myof sxva pirovnebebs ar gaaCniaT. xvdeba erTgvar
147

vakuumSi, martoobaSi da amis Semdgom, rac ukve Seicno da Seigno, ubralod, ar icis sad waiRos. es problema imaSi mdgomareobs, rom vidre raime aRiarebuli da dafasebuli ar
aris, adamianebs es ar surT anu misi codna aravis sWirdeba
(ufro sworad, sWirdebaT, magram ar surT sargeblis aSkarad miRebis albaTobis gareSe, sakuTar Tavze Zalisxmevis
moxdena), Tavad am adamians ki ise cxovreba ar surs da arc
SeuZlia rogorc cxovrobda iqamde, vidre imas Seicnobda,
rac Seicno e. i. ise rogorc cxovroben mis garSemo myofi arsebebi.
maSin am adamianis winaSe dgeba imis aucilebloba, rom igi
an unda gardaicvalos, moSordes im garemos, romelTan urTierTobac ubralod ar ainteresebs, an unda daadges im
gzas, rac meore gzad aris moxseniebuli. ise, aqve aRvniSnav,
Tu es adamiani TviTmiznad sxva adamianebis mier misi aRiarebulobis da ndobis mopovebas daisaxavs, igi xelaxla gaexveva
im ambiciebis anu pirobiTobebis qselSi, romelTaganac metnaklebad Tavis daxsna SeZlo. amis axsna arc ise rTulia. adamianebis mxridan didebisa da aRiarebis misaRwevad is iZulebuli gaxdeba sakuTari principebi arsebul damkvidrebul
realobas Seusabamos materialuri samyaros TvalTaxedviT
danaxuls. dRes erTi kompromisis gaweva mouwevs, xval meoris, zeg mesamis da, saboloo jamSi, is mxolod imaze iqneba
koncentrirebuli visTan ra kompromisi aqvs gasawevi imisaTvis, rom aseTi wvalebiTY miRweuli aRiarebuloba sazogadoebis mxridan ar dakargos.
meore gza, unda vaRiaro, Zalian rTulia, magram piradad
me amis alternativa, ubralod, ver vipove. es aris ndobis
damsaxureba da miReba gangebis mxridan. amisTvis, ubralod,
aucilebelic kia adamiani materialur samyaroSi arsebuli
pirobiYTobebisagan anu materiidan, `ego~-dan momdinare ambiciebisgan srulad gaTavisufldes da imis surviliT iyos
damuxtuli, rom momavalSi sulier samyaroSi arsebuli pirobiTobebis anu sulierebidan, `me~-dan momdinare ambiciebi
Seiswavlos da isinic grZnobad gardaqmnas. saqme imaSia, rom
rogori didic ar unda iyos miRweuli Sedegi, aucilebelia
mas mohyvebodes saWiro da Rirseuli mizani, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, nebismieri umiznod darCenili cocxali arseba gan148

gebasTan moxvdeba winaaRmdegobaSi da sulier samyaroSi

yofnis uflebas dakargavs. sxvaTaSoris, iseve, rogorc miznisken kisristexviT swrafvis surviliT mis mier ukve miRweuli Sedegis jerovnad ar dafasebisa da arafrad miCnevis
SemTxvevaSi.
mokled, is adamiani, romelic SEeZlebs gangebisa da misi mTeli warmomadgenlobiTi nawilis mxridan ndobis
damsaxurebisa da mopovebis survilze aewyos da SeZlebs
mis realur materialur garemoSi arsebul pirobiTobebSi (ambiciebSi) srulyofilad garkvevas da am pirobiTobebis grZnobad gardaqmnas TavisSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom
srulyofilebas miaRwevs gangebis mier misTvis gansazRvrul diapazonSi. is xom realurad materialur samyaroSi
cxovrobs da arsebobs da materialur individualur sxeulSi imyofeba sakuTari individualuri sulis saxiT.
es Zalian mniSvnelovani daskvna gaxlavT. aseTi tipis
adamianebisTvis araTu didi, patara Secdomac ki, Zalian xelisSemSlel da arasasurvel faqtors warmoadgens. imisaTvis, rom Secdomebi ar CaedeninoT nebiT Tu uneburad, maT
mkacrad gansazRvruli unda hqondeT TavisSi ra qnan, saiT
wavidnen, risTvis moimoqmedon esa Tu is qmedeba. ai es gansazRvreba ki, rac axla daiwera aris is brwinvale gamosavali, romliTac isini winaaRmdegobaSi veRaranairad ver moxvdebian rogorc gangebasTan, ise mis pirad warmomadgenlebTan, mTels sulier samyarosTan, da bolos, materialur samyarosTan mimarTebaSic ki. TviT materialur samyaroSi yofnis periodSic ki yvela am CamoTvlili kategoriis mier maT
miecemaT funqcia da daniSnuleba. isini aRar iborialeben
usaqmurad im azriT Sewuxebulni, rom aravis sWirdebian. amitomac vTqvi, rom es aris idealuri da albaT erTaderTi pozitiuri gamosavali am adamianebisaTvis.
Tu imas gaviTvaliswinebT, rom adamianebis, sazogadoebis, materialuri samyaros mier aRiareba ar iqneba mizani,
aramed mizani iqneba gangebis ndobisa da aRiarebis mopoveba,
aranairad ar moaxdenen TavisSi damkvidrebuli principebisagan gadaxvevas. faqtiurad isini marTlac srulyofilni
iqnebian materialuri samyaros pirobebSic ki, anu materialuri samyaros TvalTaxedviT Wvretis SemTxvevaSi.
149

Zalian ucnauri ram minda vTqva, magram es aris saukeTeso

formula imis saxelmZvanelod, Tu rogor unda miiRwes nebismieri ram: nebismieri cocxali arseba, materializirebuli Tu aramaterializirebuli, nebismier Tavis survils miaRwevs rodesac amoxsnis Tavis AaRqmaSi, Tu ratom
surs is, rac surs. erTi kia, rodesac cocxali arseba amas
Caswvdeba, mas survili uqreba, magram is TavisTavad, bunebrivad iwyebs Sesrulebas.
am logikiT Tu mivudgebiT, Tu adamiani marTla, WeSmaritad gaTavisufldeba yvelanairi materialuri survilebisagan, mas nebismieri survili SeiZleba Seusruldes, rac ki materialur samyaroSi SeiZleba survilis doneze hqondes materializirebul cocxal arsebas.
meore sakiTxi gaxlavT is, xelaxla miejaWveba Tu ara
adamiani materialur samyaros im SemTxvevaSi Tu gangebis
mxridan ndobas moipovebs. me mimaCnia, rom es SeuZlebelia,
rameTu gangeba jer wvrTnis da mere ucxadebs ndobas anu,
rogorc ukve weRan vTqvi, miuxedavad am udidesi miznis miRweulobisa, adamiani amas ukve Semdeg aRiqvams da gangebis misaReb miznebs isaxavs, romlebzec Semdgom, bolo or TAavSi,
gansakuTrebiT ki, Semgom, meoTxe TavSi visaubreb. magram Tu
moxdeba aseTi suleluri paradoqsi, es mxolod am adamianis
sibriyvis gamovlineba iqneboda, Tumca rogorc ukve aRvniSne, es (RvTiuri logikidan gamomdinarec ki) ar unda moxdes.
Tumca isic aris, rom arasodes ar unda daisvas radikaluri
Sefaseba. aseTi raimes gamovlinebis SemTxvevaSi es adamiani
Tavis pirvandel, martosul mdgomareobaSi iqneba dabrunebuli gangebis mier.

150

IV TAavi
prana paramvijnana
sakuTari `me~-s funcionaluri saqmianobis gansazRvris
meoTxe safexuri
paramvijnana sulier samyaroSi dasamkvidrebeli WeSmaritebisa da damkvidrebuli cnobierebis urTierTkavSiris
damyareba, maTi urTierTobebis saWirod da saukeTesod ganxorcielebis gageba warmosaxviT doneze. es mama RmerTisadmi da suliwmidisadmi erTgulebisa da ndobis gamoxatulebis umaRlesi formaa, sadac sakuTari iniciativa gamovlindeba da gangebis survilebs maqsimalurad da srulyofilad
emTxveva.
paramvijnanaSi gadasvla pranadan SeiZleba moxerxdes.
TviTon paramvijnana sulier samyaroSi mimdinare movlenebSi monawileobis miReEbas gulisxmobs pirovnul doneze materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mierac ki. es ukiduresad
iSviaTi gamonaklisi SemTxvevaa, magram realurad, rogorc
Teoriul, ise praqtikul doneze, es SesaZlebelia. es ukiduresi iSviaTobaa, magram magaliTad, Cems SemTxvevaSi realurad vgoneb, raRaca doneze sruliad SesaZlebelia.
prana sakuTari `me~-sTvis gangebis mier dakisrebuli movaleoba
msxverplSewirva
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
garemos SEecnoba araWarbi, zomieri
Semoqmedeba pasiurobidan gasvla,
aqtiuroba
gaaqtiureba
paramvijnana sakuTari `me~-s iniciativiT aRebuli saWiro uflebamosileba
sulieri nawilis (misi interesebis) uzrunvelyofa
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
evolucireba (srulyofilebisken
civilizireba (aRiarebis, didebis
swrafva) sulier samyaroSi uSuadamsaxureba) sulier samyaroSi
lod mama RmerTis msaxureba da misi
uSualod suliwmidis msaxureba da
interesebis ganxorcielebaSi monamisi interesebis ganxorcielebaSi
wileobis miReba. mis samsaxurSi
monawileobis miReba. mis damsaxurSi
yofna
Cadgoma

msxverplSEewirva da sulieri nawilis uzrunvelyofa

manos srulyofilad gavlis Semdgom, materializirebuli cocxali arsebis individualuri sulisTvis gardauvali
151

ram aris pranas ganyofilebaSi gadasvla. winaswar minda

vTqva, rom es sakmaod rTuli da, ufro metic, mtkivneuli
procesia. asketizmSi yofnis dros Tu yovelives gadafaseba
xdeboda Sida arsobriv doneze, xorcieldeboda zogadi
cnobierebis fundamenturi gasworebis mcdeloba sakuTar
Sida aRqmaSi.
da ai, dgeba momenti, rodesac adamianSi asketizmis saWiroeba azrs kargavs, rameTu raRac momentSi gadasafasebeli
masala masSi ubralod mTavrdeba. amis Semdgom is ubralod
valdebuli xdeba, gangebis mier dakisrebuli valdebulebiT, Teoriul doneze miRebuli cvlilebebis praqtikulad
ganxorcieleba scados. sxvagvarad igi mZime depresiul
mdgomareobaSi, spekulaciur mcdelobebSi, figuralurad
rom vTqva, wylis nayvaSi gadava.
garegnulad es gadasvla materialuri yofierebis gardauvali aucileblobis uzrunvelyofis aucileblobas moiTxovs. ai, ratom aris es pranaSi gadasvla da ai ratom aris
es asketizmSi myofi arsebisaTvis ase mtkivneuli. is isev materialur realobaSi unda dabrundes, Tumca Sinaganad amis
gakeTeba warmoudgenlad did diskomforts uqmnis. Tu is metismetad CaeTrevineba am tendencias, vijnanamaiaSi mouwevs
gadasvla. amitomac ara Tu ar aris sasurveli, aramed kategoriulad dauSvebelia TviTuzrunvelyofaze koncentrirdes. am adamians erTi wamiTac ar unda daaviwydes risTvis
brundeba materialur realobaSi sacxovreblad, cocxali
urTierTobebis farTo diapazoniT gamovlinebulobaSi. pirveli da umTavresi, rac man Tavis pirovnebaSi unda ataros,
es gaxlavT is, rom Tu es sakuTar arsSi gadafasebuli zogadi cnobierebis marTebulobis garkvevis procesi iqneba,
swored gangebaze sruli mindobiT SeZlebs mxolod da mxolod amis gagebas. TviT gangeba gaukeTebs mas materialuri
yofierebis uzrunvelyofas zustad imxelaze, ramxelazec
mis mier Camoyalibebuli cnobiereba iqneba marTebuli an,
ufro zustad rom vTqvaT, mimdinare obieqturi realobisTvis saWiro da Sesabamis materialur samyaroSi. Tu sakuTari Sida arsisTvis keTdeba pranaSi gadasvla, vfiqrob, upriani iqneba swored aseTi midgoma da aranairad sxvanairi. Tu

152

amasTan met-naklebad Camoyalibda pozicia da, vfiqrob, asea

(yovel SEemTxvevaSi me ase mimaCnia).
msxverplSewirvis cnebis garkvevaze gadaval. induizmis
literaturul gamocemebSi aris adgili, sadac xazgasmulia,
rom krSna TAavisTavad, uSualod im drosa da im adgilze, sadac igi imyofeboda, yvela miRebul ritualsa Tu wes-Cveulebebs icavda. is ambobs, rom Tu ase ar moiqceoda da magaliTs ar miscemda amiT sxvebs, maSin mTels materialur samyaroSi qaosi daisadgurebda. Tumca albaT yvelas esmis, rom
RmerTebis uzenaes pirovnebas aranairi msxverplSewirvis
(sulierisa da, miT umetes, materialuris) Catareba realurad ar esaWiroeba. krSna ambobs, rom rasac sazogadoebaSi
aRiarebuli didi pirovnebebi akeTeben, is yvela adamianisaTvis misabaZi xdeba da swored amitom akeTebda imas, rac
uklebliv yvela adamians, gansakuTrebiT sulierad naklebganviTarebuls esaWiroeba. ai, es imasTan dakavSirebiT ra
pozicia unda hqondes WeSmaritad asketizmgavlil adamians
msxverplSewirvasTan mimarTebaSi. agreTve aris meore faqtoric. materialur cxovrebaSi dabrunebuli adamiani yovelTvis unda iyos damuxtuli sulieri samyaros, gangebis
piradi warmomadgenlebisa da Tavad gangebisTvis kmayofilebis miniWebis surviliT. sxvagvarad, adre Tu gvian, mas
isev materialuri survilebi miewebebian da CaiTreven.
msxverplSewirva ki, materialuri saxiT da gansakuTrebiT
sulieri formiT, unikaluri profilaqtikuri saSualeba
gaxlavT materialur survilebSi ardabrunebisa da mTeli
sulieri nawilisTvis kmayofilebis miniWebiT dakavebulobisa.
es rac Seexeba pranas anu msxverplSewirvas, rogorc
platformas, romlidanac SesaZlebelia erT-erT Zalian maRal safexurze paramvijnanaze gadasvla. axla ki, swored am
safexuris garSemo vapireb msjelobasa da mis garSemo arsebuli konceftualuri sakiTxebis gaSlas.
paramvijnana igive sulieri nawilis uzrunvelyofa, ara
marto Cemi, aramed nebismieri gonieri cocxali arsebis gadasaxedidan, erT-erT umTavressa da umniSvnelovanes sakiTxs unda warmoadgendes. es aris ZiriTadi funqciis gansazRvra, riTac unda iyos dakavebuli WeSmaritad sulierad
153

maRAalganviTarebuli cocxali arseba. U ufro naTlad rom gamovavlino amis mniSvneloba vityvi, rom gangebis piradi warmomadgenlebi mama RmerTi da suliwmida swored am safexurze imyofebian da misi Sesabamisi saqmianobis ganxorcielebiT
xelmZRvaneloben.
upirveles yovlisa, aucileblad minda aRvniSno is, rom
midgoma sulieri nawilis uzrunvelyofis mimarT gansazRvruli unda iyos urTierTYobaSi myofi arsebebis uflebamosilebisa da pasuxismgeblobis gadanawileba-gamijvnis
kuTxiT. sxvaTaSoris, es is sakiTxia, romlis gagoneba da mosmena arc erT adamians ar mounda, visTanac amis gatana vcade.
kerZod, vin unda iyos ufro metad visTvis saWiro. axlave
gavSli da avxsni imas, Tu ras vgulisxmob amaSi.
im arsebas, romelsac meore arsebis aRzrda-ganaTleba
aqvs mindobili da Cabarebuli, Tavad unda gaisigrZeganos is,
rom TAavad ufro saWiro unda iyos aRsazrdelisaTvis, vidre
aRsazrdeli iqneba misTvis. ra Tqma unda, imaSi ori azri ar
SeiZleba iyos, rom isini erTmaneTisaTvis uciloblad saWironi arian, magram me aq vayeneb sakiTxs vin visTvis unda
iyos ufro metad saWiro? SeiZleba ise Candes, rom es TiTiDdan gamowovili sakiTxia, magram me jer Sedegebs getyviT
im variantebisa, rac arsebobs da mere SeiZleba es araTu umniSvnelo, aramed umniSnvelovanes sakiTxadac ki mogeCvenoT.
Tu aRsazrdeli aRmzrdelisaTvis ufro metad saWiro
Seiqneba e. i. ufro metad iqneba mijaEEWvuli masze, maSin aRsazrdelis interesebi ufro metad iqnebian daculi, vidre
aRmzrdelis. aRzrda TviTon yvelaze rTuli da Sromatevadi procesia. TviTon cocxal arsebas amis unari rom gaaCndes (ar vgulisxmob mama RmerTs, suliwmidas, RvTis Zes,
RvTis asulsa da mTels arsebul realobaSi arsebul diad
sulebs), maSin mas arc sxva ufro sulierad maRali cocxali
arsebis daxmareba ar dasWirdeboda am saqmeSi. am zedmeti miWajvulobis Sedegad, aRmzrdelis funqciis Semsrulebeli
cocxali arseba, rbilad rom vTqvaT, azarmacebs aRsazrdels xaTris gaweviT, daTmobiT, raRaceebze Tvalis daxuWviT, rac am ukanasknelis garyvnas iwvevs adre Tu gvian. Tavad aRmzrdeli ki aRsazrdelis interesebis miyoliT kom154

promisebis SEemdgom, obieqturi realobidan ukan, warsulSi

inacvlebs. obieqturi realoba xom yovelTvis awmyos ganasaxierebs. warsulSi gadasuli ki materialuri bunebisa da materialuri survilebis tyveobaSi eqceva.
droTa ganmavlobaSi maT Soris mwifdeba komfliqti, rameTu aRsazrdeli sul ufro zarmacdeba, xolo aRmzrdeli
sul ufro Znelad midis kompromisebze. adre Tu gvian aucileblad dgeba iseTi mdgomareoba, rom maTi urTierTsaWiroebis maCvenebeli, rogorc erTis, ise meoris mxridan, Tanabrdeba da maSin isini aucileblad daSoriSordebian erTmaneTs, Tumca erTmaneTis mimarT mijaWvulobas ar dakargaven
da warmosaxviT doneze ufro kargi urTierToba eqnebaT,
vidre realur gamosaxul doneze hqondaT.
meore SEemTxvevaSi Tu aRsazrdelSi aRmzrdelis mimarT
saWiroeba ufro metad aris aRqmuli, vidre aRmzrdelSi aRsazrdelis mimarT, maSin aRzrda-ganaTlebis procesi unaklod mimdinareobs. vinaidan sulieri codnis miniWebazea laparaki, am saWiroebis nominaluri gansxvavebulobis didi
maCvenebeli anomalias ver gamoiwvevs. Tumca mainc minda vaRiaro, rom Zalian didi gansxvaveba sulieri ganviTarebulobis doneebs Soris ar aris sasurveli, rameTu aRmzrdelisTvis saintereso unda iyos gangebis mier misTvis gansazRvrul aRsazrdelTan yofna. Tumca am gansxvavebulobis sasurveli doziT dacva, vfiqrob, mkacrad daculia Tavad gangebis mier. am SemTxvevaSic adre Tu gvian, rodesac bolomde
gadascems aRmzrdeli aRsazrdels Tavis arsenalSi arsebul
sulier codnas, maT Soris arsebuli urTierTsaWiroebis
nominaluri maCveneblebi gaTanabrdeba da maSin isinic aucileblad unda dacildnen erTmaneTs vizualuri urTierTobis doneze da mxolod warmosaxvis doneze gagrZeldeba maTi
urTierToba. aRmzrdeli Tavad ipovis Tavisze ufro maRalganviTarebul cocxal arsebas sulierebaSi da Tavadve
aRiarebs Tavs mis aRsazrdelad, TviTon ki Tavis aRmzrdelad aRiarebs mas. yofili aRsazrdeli ki piriqiT, Tavisze
dabalganviTarebul cocxal arebasTan Seva urTierTobaSi
da misi aRmzrdeli gaxdeba. es cocxali arseba ki mis aRsazrdelad aRiqvams Tavis Tavs.

155

Semoqmedeba da civilizireba (Tayvaniscemis miREeba)

Tu am TavSi SEemotanili saWiroebis SedarebiYTobiT xedvas generalur xazad miviReb, maSin aucileblad unda iTqvas,
rom materialur samyaroSi swored is, pirveli tendencia
moqmedebs, anu aRmzrdelis mier aRsazrdeli ufro saWirod
aris miCneuli da aRqmuli, vidre aRsazrdelis mier aRmzrdeli. moswons es vinmes Tu ar moswons, es faqtia da amis
ignorireba, ar danaxva, ubralod, sibece da umecreba iqneboda. es ki imitom aris amgvarad damkvidrebuli, rom materialur samyaroSi arsebuli realobiT siamovnebis miRebaa
prioritetul globalur miznad miCneuli da ara srulyofilebisken swrafvisa da WeSmaritebis wvdomis survili.
Semoqmedeba rogorc msxverplSewirvis qaluri sawyisis
warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, swored am konteqstSi minda ganvixilo. albaT ar aris Zneli misaxvedri, rom aq laparakia
aRsazrdelze, romelzec aRmzrdeli ufro metad aris mijaWvuli, vidre es aRsazrdeli Tavadve am aRmzrdelze. anu
aq igulisxmeba is, rom TaAvad aRsazrdels misTvis miniWebuli daukvalianebeli Tavisuflebis daipazonSi gauCndes
survili sakuTari pirovnebis Sida arsis raimenairi saxiT
gadmocema moindomos. sxvaTaSoris, materialur samyaroSi
ai am ganyofilebas yvelaze metad afaseben. SemoqmedebaSi
moiazreba absoluturad yvelaferi, rac adamianis Sida siRrmiseuli bunebidan momdinareobs da raRaca nebismieri
formiT sxva adamianebis aRqmisa da SegrZnebisTvis xelmisawvdomi xdeba. principSi, es aris is fenomenuri gamovlineba,
rasac WeSmaritad xelovneba SeiZleba da unda ewodos kidec.
amis meSveobiT adamiani TiTqos cdilobs daexmaros TAavisive
aRzrdisaTvis ganpirovnebul meore adamians, daanaxos saiT
mimarTos Tavisi aRzrdis konceptualuri, strategiuli
midgoma.
SEemomqmedi marTla suliT da guliT gadmoscems TAavis
Sinagan mdgomareobas naxatis, moTxrobis, leqsis, presis,
filmis, speqtaklis, Tundac Cacmulobis an auracxeli sxva
saSualebiT, magram mis midgomas aklia is, rasac unda moemsaxuros SEemoqmedebis damnaxveli is nawili, romelsac am Semomqmedis srulyofisken mimarTva, WeSmariti codnis mi156

niWEeba ZaluZs. am SemoqmedebaSi ar aris gonebrivi koconi.

faqtiurad, SeEmoqmedebis yvelanairi forma da misi yvelanairi gamovlineba emociebis uamrav interpretaciebzea awyobili. aris SEemTxvevebi, roca SeEmoqmedebiT WrilSi gadayvanili wignebis uzarmazari raodenoba, filmebis wyeba, mravalwliani diskusiebi, erTi winadadebiT SEeiZleba iqnas gadmocemuli. es winadadeba emociebis gonebis enaze gadayvanis gamovlineba gaxlavT.
rogorc yvelaferSi, aqac ori gza arsebobs:
pirveli gaxlavT Semoqmedis (da misi gulSEematkivrebis)
mier SEeqmnil Semoqmedebaze mijaWva anu Semoqmedeba, rogorc raRac ukeTesis miRwevisa da wvdomis saSualeba. xdeba
kerpTayvanismcemlobis aracocxali gamosaxuli gamovlineba, rogorc saukeTesos miRweulobad aRqmuli raRac, rogorc srulyofili Sedegi SesaZlo misaReb potenciur Sedegebs Soris.
Tu gonebis enaze gadavTargmniT, aRsazrdeli, romelic
cdilobda aRmzrdelisaTvis Tavisi sulis funqcionaluri
mdgomareoba daenaxvebina, iwyebs aRmzrdelis ugulvebelyofas, acxadebs ra, rom is ukve aRizarda sakmaris doneze da
aRar esaWiroeba es da mas (jer verSeEmdgars aRmzrdelad)
TAavad undeba iyos jer damoukidebeli da Semdgom aRiarebuli masze sulierad ufro dabal ganviTarebuli cocxali
arsebebis, adamianebis mier. SemdgomSi isinic ar daaxaneben
da gamoCndebian. magram es mis moswavleebad monaTluli adamianebi zustad iseve an ufro xSirad imaze uaresad moeqcevian am Semomqmeds, vidre igi moeqca sakuTar aRmzrdels. Tu
dafiqrdebiT, advilad mixvdebiT, rom es aqsiomaa.
es yofelive ki, imitom moxdeba, rom emociur enaze gadmocemuli sakuTari Semoqmedeba am adamianma gonebis doneze
ver aiyvana, Tumca unda vaRiaro, bevri araSeEmomqmedi arsebisgan gansxvavebiT, Zalian, AZalian axlos iyo.
rac SEeexeba SEemomqmedis, SEemqmnelis meore gzas, gaxlavT
misi gadasvla civilizirebaSi, paramvijnanas qalur sawyisSi, igive sulieri nawilis uzrunvelyofaSi. am SemTxvevaSi,
saqme gveqneba im aRsazrdelTan, romelic iseT aRmzrdels
moiZiebs, romelic misTvis ufro saWirod iqneba sakuTar
aQRqmaSi miCneuli, vidre is Tavad am aRmzrdelisTvis iqneba
157

saWiro (rac imas aranairad ar niSnavs, rom saWiro ar iqneba

an mcired saWiro iqneba).
faqtiurad, aqedan gamomdinareobs is, rom materializirebuli cocxali arseba SEeZlebs am midgomiT urTierTobis
damyarebas sulieri samyaros warmomadgenelTan. imisda
SEesabamisad, ramxelac iqneba misi SeEmoqmedebis siRrmiseuli
wvdoma, imxela sulieri donis aRmzrdeli iqneba miCenili
sulieri samyaros mravalmilioniani warmomadgenlebidan.
vfiqrob, es metad saintereso da mniSvenlovani informaciaa.
aqedan gamomdinareobs, rom TviT materialur samyaroSi
yofnis periodSic ki SesaZlebelia sulier samyarosTan da
mis erT-erT warmomadgenelTan uSualo urTierTobis damyareba. me Tavad moxibluli var ai am daskvniT, rac aq daiwera,
da Cemi azriT, sakmaod argumentirebulad damtkicda da dadasturda.
aRsazrdelis mier sakuTari aRmzrdelis ufro saWirod
miCneva, vidre aRmzrdelis mier aRsazrdelisa, imaSi iqneba
gamoxatuli, rom es aRsazrdeli morCili Tayvaniscemis suliskveTebiT iqneba ganmsWvaluli Tavis moZRvarTan. swored
am procesSi xdeba SesaZlebeli mis mier srulyofilebis mimarTulebiT svla, WeSmariti codnis SeZena, minimum im donemde, vidre am arsebas swavla-ganaTlebis miReba ar mobezrdeba anu, vidre morCili Tayvaniscemis midgomas AaRmzrdelisadmi ar Secvlis. rac SEeexeba maqsimums, am sulier codnas
mowyurebul arsebas vidre misi sulieri aRmzrdeli Tavis
sulier donemde ar aiyvans, anu srulad ar miscems im codnas, rac Tavad gaaCnia, aseTi bejiTi da ganaTlebis mosurne
arseba ar daiRleba arc swavliTa da arc moisvenebs. ai amis
SEemdgom ki, mas daudgeba dro, roca unda daSordes Tavis
maswavlebels, rameTu moZRvars amis ESEemdgom Tavad mouwevs
sakuTari sulieri codnis gazrdaze zrunva, radgan SEeZlo
epova erTi arseba mainc srulad mimyoli Tavis codnisa. mas
TAavisi eTikur-esTetikuri done gajerebuli aqvs da droa
axali codnis moZiebisTvis Tavad moZRvris ZiebaSi gadavides. rac Seexeba aRsazrdels, romelmac Tavisi aRmzrdelis
dones srulad miaRwia, Tavad eniWeba ufleba iyos moZRvari,
aRmzrdeli da gangebis CareviTa da daxmarebiT eZleva situaciebi, rodesac SesaZlebeli xdeba amis realur cxovrebaSi
158

ganxorcieleba. Tavidan am situaciis miReba uWirs `axlad

gamomcxvar~ aRmzrdels, uWirs is rom aRsazrdelebi, moswavleebi saTanado adgilze daayenos da zedmetad ar gauSinaurdes, magram erTi-ori Secdomis SEemdgom miREebuli SEedegi agebinebs, rom misi done WeSmaritad ufro maRalia sulieri wvdomis, gonierebis TvalsazrisiT, vidre misi mowafeebisa da ukve distancias amyarebs maTTan, anu aRar uSvebs urTierToba familiarobaSi, utaqto gaSianaurebaSi gadaizardos. SEemdeg TAavad uwevs aTasgvari meTodisa da sistemis cda
imisTvis, rom aRzrdis procesis efeqturoba gaaumjobesos.
awyobs sxvadasxva tipis gamocdebs, wamaxalisebel efeqtebs
da a. S.
erTi ram aris aq faqtiurad ZiriTadi da mTavari es, aRmzrdelad gadaqceuli aRsazrdeli, ukve misTvis gangebis
mier mindobil aRsazrdelebs imaze metad ar miejaWvos, vidre moswavleebi miejaWvebian mas. misTvis, gangebis mier gansazRvrul pedagogobis procesSi, swored ai es faqtori unda gaiazros. Tumca es faqtiurad urTules amocanas warmoadgens, rameTu ar dagvaviwydes, es materialur samyaroSi
urTules saqmianobaze aRzrdazea laparaki. sxvaTaSoris,
dedamiwaze, Cemi dakvirvebis SEemdgom, SemiZlia giTxraT, rom
aseTi pedagogebi ar uyvarT, magram, rogorc pedagogebs, yovelTvis uzomod did pativs scemen. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,
rom imas rasac dedamiwaze siyvaruls eZaxian, me siyvaruls
ver davarqmevdi. aq siyvarulad ZiriTadad daumsaxurebeli
SEeRavaTebiT, daTmobiT, WeSmaritebis ignorirebis fasad axdenil survilebs hqvia, yovel SEemTxvevaSi dRes-dReisobiT
es asea. ise rom me mirCevnia miyurebdnen adamianebi ise rogorc aseT pedagogebs uyureben.
principSi, paramvijnanam sazogadoebrivi urTierTobebis sakiTxSi gadagviyvana, Tumca SEegnebulad ar gavamaxvile
yuradREeba. axla ki mxolod imitom vaxsene, rom ojaxisa da
ojaxis wevrebis, gansakuTrebiT col-qmris Tematika aq ar
SEeiZleba Seerios. es bolo mexuTe TavSi iqneba ganxiluli
wvrilad da sakmaod skurpuliozurad.

159

garemos SEecnoba da evolucireba

(srulyofilebisken mimarTva)
arc aq vapireb aRebuli orientaciis Secvlas da saWiroebis urTierTfardobiTobaze avawyob am cnebaTa gaxsnas da
ganxilvas.
garemos Secnoba, rogorc pranas igive msxverplSewirvis
mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiTi nawili, Seexeba aRmzrdels, romelic Tavis aRsazrdelze ufro metad aris mijaWvuli, ufro met saWiroebas aRiqvams da SeigrZnobs, vidre aRsazrdeli Tavad am aRmzrdelis mimarT. am zedmeti mijaWvulobis nawilSi igi Tavis pirad miznebs, miswrafebebs,
cxovrebis azrs kompromisebis Sedegad anacvlebs aRsazrdelis miznebiT, miswrafebebiT da msoflmxedvelobiTac ki.
vfiqrob, ar aris gasakviri is, rom aseTi tipis aRmzrdelisaTvis erTiani `me~-s cneba iSleba da Semodis ucxos, safrTxis, mtris an ubeduri SemTxvevebis albaTobis cnebebi.
Tuki manos mamakacuri sawyisi warmodgenili iyo SEemecnebiT,
aq, rogorc xedavT, es garemos SEemecnebiT SEeicvala. aRmzrdeli Warbi mijaWvulobis nawiliT brmavdeba da aRsazrdelisaTvis sasiamovnosa da sasurvelis miRebis surviliT
marTuli obieqturi SEefasebis unars kargavs. garemos SEecnoba mas mxolod imitom sWirdeba, rom winaswar naxos, moisminos, darwmundes, rom mis aRsazrdels aranairi xifaTi ar daemuqreba da sakuTari miznebis miRwevis procesSi xeli ar SeeSleba.
ar SEeiZleba ar daeTanxmo imas, rom Zalian briyvuli, magram es aSkara msxverplSewirvaa sakuTari pirovnebisa sakuTari Svilis interesebis dacvisaTvis. SeiZleba viRacisaTvis es gulisamaCuyebeli da misaRebi saQqcieli iyos, magrAAMam es
miuRebelia da rbilad rom vTqvaT, metad arasasurvelia
mTeli sulieri samyarosaTvis da gangebisaTvis. me piradad
Zalian msurs aseTi tendenciurobisagan imdenad srulyofilad ganvikurno, rom amis keTebis survilic ki absoluturad gaugebari gaxdes CemTvis. samwuxarod, materialur samyaroSi swored es aris miCneuli siyvarulad da mis gamovlinebad. albaT Cemnairi adamianebi unda mixvdnen vidre materialur sxeulSi imyofebian da sulieri samyarosTvis dam160

kvidrebuli cnobierebiT icxovreben, adamianebi maT arc

mosmenas da gagebas, arc urTierTobas da miT umetes WeSmariti siyvarulis gamovlinebas ar moindomeben. sxvaTaSoris,
Tu es saerTod SesaZlebelia moxdes, moxdeba mxolod da
mxolod maSin, rodesac Cemnairi adamianebi gaTavisufldebian materialur samyaroze mijaWvulobebisAGANgan da mixvdebian imas, rom isini ufro saWironi arian adamianebisTvis, vidre es adamianebi maTTvis.
vidre am mimarTulebaze gadaval, minda vaxseno meore
amis sapirispiro gza, rodesac aRmzrdeli pranadan vijnanamaiaSi gadadis. am SEemTxvevaSi garemos Secnoba misTvis ideafiqsiviT xdeba, materialuri nawilis uzrunvelyofa angarebiT TviTuzrunvelyofaze dayrdnobiT am aRmzrdelis
Zval-rbilSi jdeba da TviTon iwyebs aRsazrdelis miznebis,
survilebis saWiroebis gansazRvarasa da amis masze moxvevas.
es TviTgakerpebis fenomeni gaxlavT. sxvaTaSoris, absoluturi umravlesobis SemTxvevaSi dRes es gza aris miREebuli
da damkvidrebuli. principSi es sxva araferia Tu ara srulyofilebis kompleqsiT daavadebuloba da misgan gankurnebis
saSualeba didi SromiTa da nebisyofiT aris mxolod da mxolod SesaZlebeli. Cemi SexedulebiT, Tu ar moxdeba totaluri masStabiT RvTis SiSis Semosvla, adamianebi am gzidan
arasodes ar gadauxveven da meore gzas ubralod ar daadgebian.
mokled, am aSkarad negatiur mimarTulebaze aRar SevCerdebi da meore gzaze pranadan paramvijnanaSi gadasvlis
gzaze gadaval. am SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs garemos Secnobidan evolucirebaze gadasvlasTan. aucileblad avxsni amas
Tu ras niSnavs.
rodesac adamiani Semecnebidan garemos SEecnobaze gadavida, is nebiT Tu uneblied `me~-s Secnobidan `ego~-s SEecnobaze gadaerTo. ra Tqma unda, sisulelea imis mtkiceba, rom
materialur samyaroSi an Tundac sulier samyaroSi `ego~ ar
arsebobs an arsebobs, magram Cven Tvalebi unda davxuWoT
imisTvis, rom igi ver davinaxoT da strausis pozaSi davdgeT. ubralod saqme imaSia rom, `ego~-s Secnoba maSin unda
daiwyos adamianma, rodesac amisTvis mzad iqneba. mzadyofnaaryofnas ki isev da isev gangeba wyvets konkretuli situaci161

ebis SEeqmnis saSualebiT am pirovnebis garSEemo. swored aRmzrdelad misi gamwesebis SEemdgom es gardauvalad gadasalaxavi barieri xdeba nebismieri arsebisaTvis. am SEemTxvevaSi
saerTod aRara aqvs mniSvneloba materializirebulia igi
Tu sulieri samyaros `moqalaqea~. magram useriozulesi gansxvaveba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom materialur samyaroSi arsebuli `ego~ mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis `ego~-s nominaluri
diapazonis maCveneblis miRma imyofeba, xolo sulier samyaroSi arsebuli `Eego~ mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis `ego~-s
sazRvrebs arasodes scdeba.
ise rom, aq moyvanili termini `garemos Secnoba~ materialur samyaroSi arsebuli `ego~-s Secnobisa da sakuTar aRqmaSi misi `me~-d gardaqmnis mcdelobad unda Sefasdes, xolo
termini `evolucireba~ am wignSi Semotanili sulier samyaroSi arsebuli `ego~-s Secnobisa da sakuTar aRqmaSi arsebuli `me~-d gardaqmnis mcdelobad unda Sefasdes.
amdenad, arcTu ise Zneli misaxvedri unda iyos, Tundac
sulierebis funqcionalur sakiTxebSi Cauxedavi adamianisTvisac ki, Tu ramxela datvirTvas iZens es gardamavali periodi (vgulisxmob, pranadan paramvijnanaSi, orive sawyisSi).
faqtiurad amiT xdeba TviT mama RmerTTan da suliwmidasTan
funqcionalur urTierTobebSi SEesvla. es xom maTi problematikaa.
upirvelesi ram, rac am SEeMmTxvevaSi adamianma unda gamoimuSavos TavisSi gaxlavT is, rom gangebis mier misTvis aRsazrdelad amorCeuli da ganpirovnebuli adamianebi misTvis
ufro nakleb saWironi unda gaxdnen, vidre is Tavad am aRsazrdelebisaTvis. es aris erT-erTi ZiriTadi piroba, rac adamianma unda daakmayofilos imisTvis rom WeSmaritad moaxerxos paramvijnanaSi da mis sawyisebSi evolucirebaSi da SEemgom civilizirebaSic gadasvla. es aris erT-erTi udidesi
pativi ara marto materializirebuli cocxali arsebisTvis
(kerZod, adamianisTvis), risi miRwevac saerTod aris SEesaZlebeli individualurad gamovlinebulobisa da sulierad
TviTgamoxatulebis doneze.
minda gamovyo ZiriTadi da aucilebeli momentebi evolucirebis im gagebisa, romelic axla Camovayalibe. pirveli
da aucilebeli, rac gasaTvaliswinebelia am saqmianobiT da162

kavebuli nebismieri cocxali arsebisaTvis gaxlavT is, rom

samyaros uzenaesi pirovneba mama RmerTi da samyaros uwmindesi pirovneba suliwmida, rogorc samyaros mamakacuri da
qaluri sawyisebis piradi warmomadgenlebi, unda aRiqvas Tavis umaRles Semfaseblad da nebismieri ram, rac mis gonebaSi
Tu grZnobaSi ideisa da sxvadasxva Sexedulebis saxiT momwifdes pirdapir da uSualod maT unda warudginos da gaacnos. is unda mixvdes, rom yovelive am ori pirovnebis Sinagani Tu garegani mdgomareobiT ganisazRvreba sakuTari pirovnebis CaTvliT da maT WeSmarit sidiadesa da ualternativo upiratesobas Tu ver Cawvdeba, ver daZlevs im konkurenciis survils, romelic masSi Caisaxeba, sakuTar Tavs savalalo mdgomareobaSi Caigdebs.
mokled vityvi, udidesi ki ara, upirvelesi roli am procesSi eniWeba erTgulebas mama RmerTisa da suliwmidis mimarT. Tu viRacas es odnav mainc gauiolebs saqmes, vityvi
rom mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba
(sulier Tu materialur samyaroSi, ara aqvs mniSvneloba)
SEeiZleba mama RmerTis erTgulebaze iyos koncentrirebuli,
xolo qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli pirovneba SeiZleba
suliwmidis erTgulebaze iyos koncentrirebuli. oRond es
imdenad uzadod da srulyofilad unda Sesruldes, rom marTla SEeiZlebodes erTYguleba ewodos, anu mTlianad mTeli
goneba da guli unda miuZRvnan.
amiT minda davasrulo mimdinare obieqturi realobidan
anu awmyodan warsulSi an momavalSi adamianTa da saerTod
cocxal arsebaTa sasurveli da saWiro qmedebebis garSemo
wera da awmyoSi yofnisaTvis da iq damkvidrebisaTvis saWiro
da aucilebeli saqmianobis garSemo minda davwero bolo mexuTe TAavi.

163

V TAavi
anna parammano
sakuTari `me~-s funcionaluri saqmianobis gansazRvris
mexuTe safexuri
parammano sulier samyaroSi dasamkvidrebeli cnobierebisa da damkvidrebuli cnobierebis urTierTSerwyma, warmosaxvis gamosaxul formad gardaqmna, awmyod formireba
gangebis survilis zedmiwevniT misaRebad da Sesabamisad.
parammanoSi gadasvla annadan aris SesaZlebeli. parammano
sxva cocxal arsebebTan warmoudgenlad, maqsimalurad saukeTeso da sasurveli urTierTobebis damyarebas gulisxmobs
rogorc gangebis gadasaxedidan, ise TviTon cocxali arsebebis gadasaxedidan. swored annaa is ganyofileba, sadac cocxali arsebebis individualur sulebSi e. w. vakuumi anu vakuumis
moZiebis survili idebs binas. parammano, SEeiZleba iTqvas, aris
is saboloo mizani, riskenac unda miiswrafodes nebismieri
cocxali arseba, am SEemTxvevaSi araviTari mniSvneloba ara
aqvs, is materializirebulia Tu ar aris materializirebuli.
anna sakuTari `me~-sTvis gangebis mier miniWebuli ufleba
kveba (SimSilis, wyurvilis, energiis aRdgenis aucilebloba)
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
Sinagani qaosi materializirebul
Sinagani wesrigi materializirecocxal arsebaSi CarCenili Warbi aqbul cocxal arsebaSi CarCenili patiurobisken midrekileba
siurobisken midrekileba
parammano sakuTri `me~-s iniciativiT aRebuli saWiro pasuxismgebloba
sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi
mamakacuri sawyisi
qaluri sawyisi
harmonizireba (uSualoba) mamakatranscendentuloba (gulwrfelocuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli coba) qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebucxali arsebis mier sakuTari Sesabali cocxali arsebis mier sakuTari
misi e. w. meore naxevris, qaluri sawSesabamisi e. w. meore naxevris, mamayisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arkacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli
sebis povna
cocxali arsebis povna

kvebis moTxovnileba da sulieri sqesobrivi urTierTobebi

es bolo TAavi Cemi meoTxe (am Tematikis Sesaxeb dawerili
albaT bolo) wignisa Seexeba imas, Tu rogor unda SeZlos nebismierma cocxalma arsebam mimdinare obieqturi realobis
164

Sesabamisi saqmianobiT iyos dakavebuli da amis Sedegad mudmivad awmyoSi imyofebodes, ar gadavardes spontanurad xan
momavalSi da xanac warsulSi. am SemTxvevaSi minda vTqva, rom
ori cocxali arsebis Tanacxovreba da Tanaarseboba aucilebeli piroba xdeba. es aris is fenomeni, rasac zogadad
ojaxi ewodeba.
awmyo realurad maSin xdeba awmyo, rodesac urTierTsaWiroeba mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli da qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli ori cocxali arsebis mxridan absoluturad Tanabaria. am SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba rogorc materialuri, ise sulieri samyaroebi im gansxvavebiT, rom materialur samyaroSi mimdinare obieqturi realoba sxva rames moiazrebs, xolo sulier samyaroSi mimdinare obieqturi
realoba sxvas.
piradad me es sakiTxi urTulesad da umniSvnelovanesad
mimaCnia da vfiqrob, ai amis axsnisa da amoxsnis Sedegad marTlac SevZleb CavTvalo Cemi mxridan am inkarnaciaSi Catarebuli kvleva-Zieba damTavrebulad. ra Tqma unda, amis realurobas gangeba gadawyvets da gamagebinebs. yovel SemTxvevaSi ai axla, am wams me ase mgonia da albaT msurs kidec. miT
umetes, rom dedamiwaze ukve daiwyo is kataklizmebi, rac
adamianTa msoflmxedvelobis, maTi cnobierebis radikalurad Secvlas gamoiwvevs. swored momavalSi gangebis mier Cemze gapirovnebuli funqcia gamagebinebs sakuTar Sexedulebebs Cems Sesaxeb.

materialur samyaroSi arsebuli obieqturi realoba zogadad yovelTvis sulier samyaroSi arsebuli obieqturi realobis ignorirebis gamovlinebas warmoadgens. aqsiomis doneze unda davides WeSmaritad gonieri adamianisTvis is, rom
materialuri samyaro gangebis piradi warmomadgenlebis mier dadgenil da damkvidrebul cnobierebasTan dapirispirebis Sedegia. vfiqrob, axals arafers vambob gansxvavebulad
imisa, rac aqamde miTqvams, magram es ufro martiv da ubralo
gagebamde minda daviyvano. Tu cocxali arseba materializirdeba, es ukve unda gulisxmobdes gonieri arsebebis aRqmaSi rom mas cdomileba aqvs Cadenili mama RmerTTan (mama165

kacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuls) an deda RmerTTan, suliwmidasTan (qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuls) mimarTebaSi.
kvebis aucileblobas swored am cdomilebis arseboba iwvevs materializirebul cocxal arsebaSi. kveba, Tavisi funqcionaluri TvalsazrisiT, informaciis gverdidan SetaniT
sakuTar arsSi arsebuli mcdari informaciis droebiT gabruebas, droebiT dakmayofilebas, an informaciis ar arsebuli magram saWiro nawilis droebiT SegrZnebas, droebiTi siamovnebis miRebas emsaxureba. sxvaTa Soris, isic SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom ramdenadac arasrulyofilad sruldeba msxverplSewirva materializirebuli cocxali arsebis mier (garemos Secnoba da Semoqmedebis Seqmna), imxelaze iqneba masSi
kvebis survili.
Tu annadan qvemoT Camovardeba adamiani, igi anandamaiaSi
gadava, anu warmarTulobaSi moxvdeba. warmarTulobis cnebis garCevas aq aRar daviwyeb, mxolod vityvi, rom adamianis
mxridan es ukan gadadgmuli nabiji iqneboda. am yofiTkmarobasa da vizualur religiurobaSi gadasvla ver daexmareba
TavisSi arsebuli Sinagani qaosisa da Sinagani wesrigis ganeitralebaSi. erTaderTi WeSmaritad marTebuli gamosavali
adamianisaTvis Sinagani qaosis arsebul nawilSi aRsarebis
gamoxatvaa mama RmerTis mimarT, Sinagani wesrigis nawilSi ki
monaniebis gamoxatva suliwmidis mimarT. es iqneboda sakmaod universaluri saSualeba sakuTari mcdari Sexedulebebisagan gaTavisuflebisa. sasurvelia es iqamde gagrZeldes,
vidre Sinagani qaosi da Sinagani wesrigi bolomde ar gamoileva da ar gaqreba. vfiqrob, es gaugebari unda iyos aRsaqmelad, magram Sevecdebi maTi Semdgomi gaxsnisas ufro gasagebi gavxado is, Tu ras vgulisxmob.
axla ki gadaval imaze, rac annadan parammanoze gadasvlas moiazrebs. es sulier sqesobriv urTierTobebSi gadasvlas niSnavs. swored aq iwyeba ori adamianis, ori materializirebuli cocxali arsebis, mamakacisa da qalis urTierTobebis saukeTeso gamovlineba materialuri samyaros pirobebSic ki. isini erTmaneTs Tavis arsSi arsebul saukeTeso
nawils miscemen erTmaneTs. rogorc am Tavis dasawyisSi ukve
aRvniSne maT erTmaneTi Tanabrad sWirdebaT. am SemTxvevaSi xdeba metad ucnauri ram es ori arseba materialuri sxe166

uliT, materialur samyaroSi yofnis miuxedavad, sulieri

samyarosTvis Sesabamisi obieqturi realobis dacviTa da
amis miyoliT iwyeben cxovrebas (samwuxarod, es procesi arc
Tu ise didxans grZeldeba xolme). aqve, saWirod vTvli rogorme gadmovce, ras warmoadgens sulier samyaroSi arsebuli obieqturi realoba. sulier samyaroSi arsebuli obieqturi realoba zogadad yovelTvis gangebis piradi warmomadgenlebis, samyaros uzenaesi pirovnebisa da samyaros uwmindesi pirovnebis Sinagani mdgomareobis gamovlinebas warmoadgens. ufro Tu davakonkretebT, mama RmerTSi arsebuli
Sinagani qaosisa da suliwmidaSi arsebuli Sinagani wesrigis
urTierTobis gamoxatva gaxlavT.
sulier samyaroSi arsebuli mimdinare obieqturi realobis mimyoli cocxali arsebebi mTlianad Tavisufldebian
yovelgvari braleulobis dadebisagan maTze gangebis mxridan. ufro metic, maT eZlevaT unikaluri saSualeba wyvilad
arsebobisa da ubednieres da unetares mdgomareobaSi yofnisa. es ori cocxali arseba srul sinTezSi arian erTmaneTTan. maTTvis aqsiomatur doneze dgas mama RmerTisa da suliwmidisadmi erTgulebis mdgomareobis damkvidrebuloba
TavisSi da ai, im gaurkvevel nawilSi ki, romelic mama RmerTsa da suliwmidas Soris sufevs, isini ase srulyofilad
ukavSirdebian erTmaneTs. miuxedavad imisa, rom specialurad aranairad ar koncentrirdebian amaze, mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebulis gonebis parametrTan amyarebs kontaqts, xolo
qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebulis grZnobis parametrTan. es urTierTobebi mxolod sulier samyaroSia SesaZlebeli (daswrebulad an dauswreblad, e. i. materialuri samyarodan
warmosaxvis gziT). mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli WeSmarit codnas uziarebs qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuls,
rac uSaulobis dacviTa da saSualebiT xdeba. qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli ki Rebulobs am codnas yovelgvari piradi mosazrebis kritikuli xedvis Carevis gareSe, myiseulad gardaqmnis amas siamovnebad, orgazmad, transad. es idealuri ojaxis formirebuli, Semdgari gamovlineba gaxlavT.

167

faqtiurad, mTels tvirTs problemaTa gadawyvetisa mama

RmerTi da suliwmida iReben Tavis Tavze. Tu amas ver mixvdiT, e. i. veraferi gaigeT am TavSi wakiTxuli nawerisa.

Sinagani wesrigi da transcendencireba (gulwrfeloba)

Tu qronologiuri TanamimdevrulobiT mivudgebiT, aseT
raRacas miviRebT: qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba im sakiTxebis gadawyvetiT interesdeba, romlebzedac Tavad suliwmida, deda RmerTi, samyaros uwmindesi pirovneba muSaobs. Tu es arseba mTlianad ar aris mindobili
suliwmidaze da uSualod da gulwrfelad misgan damkvidrebul cnobierebas ar uRrmavdeba da warsulSi arsebul da ukve damkvidrebul (e. i. metnaklebad ukve Secvlil) cnobierebaze koncentrirdeba Tavisdauneburadac ki xvdeba winaaRmdegobriv dapirispirebulobaSi masTan. es arseba faqtiurad ukve arsebulis ucvlelad SenarCunebazea koncentrirebuli, ris Sedegadac, raRac paralelur (ukve warsul)
cnobierebaSi gadadis da erTgvari pretenziebi uCndeba im
siaxleebis mimarT, rac suliwmidas Tavad uSualod Semoaqvs.
is aRar TanamSromlobs masTan da ukve arsebuliT siamovnebis miRebis survilzea gamokerebuli, miwebebuli. am tipis
cocxali arseba yovelTvis unda endobodes suliwmidas da
nebismieri mis mier Semotanili ram, misTvis upirobod gansaxorcielebeli unda iyos. es arseba warsulSi momxdari raime
sasiamovno procesualuri Tanamimdevrulobebis ganmeorebadobis, faqtiurad, imitaciis surviliT aris marTuli. man
yovelTvis unda moisminos da miiRos suliwmidis mier misTvis micemuli rekomendaciebi da miTiTebebi. Cumi da maluli urCobis Sedegad is konservatiulobis (ucvlelobis
survilis) matarebeli xdeba. is am saqcieliT movlenaTa bunebrivi svlis procesis gardauvalobas ewinaaRmdegeba.
Sedegad amisa, am cocxal arsebas (TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi) mouwevs materializireba, anu sulieri samyaros paralelur samyaroSi gadasaxleba. masSi aq mudmivad iarsebebs
Sinagani wesrigi. is `warsulSi~ zedmetad aris gadasuli.
amis gasaneitraleblad gangeba masSi sapirispiro sqesis ma168

terializirebuli nawilis warmomadgenelTa mimarT sqesobrivi ltolvis midrekilebas nergavs, raTa `momavalSi~ am
provocirebuli surviliT midrekis procesSi rogorme `awmyoSi~ daabrunos. es misTvis `lakmusis qaRaldis~ magvari
ram iqneba. ramdenadac am pasiuri arsebis Sexedulebebi gangebis misaRebi gaxdeba (Tumca sulier samyaroSi mimdinare
obieqturi realobisTvis isini mainc CamorCenil, ganvlil
safexurad iqneba aRqmuli, Tundac maTi idealurad gadawyvetis SemTxvevaSic ki), imdenad ecdeba es cocxali arseba
sqesobrivi ltolviT siamovnebas ara kmayofilebis zedapiruli, spekulaciuri, garematerialuri, gonebismieri gzebiT, aramed kmayofilebis miniWebiT sqesobriv partniorad
arCeuli cocxali arsebisaTvis, misi interesebis srulyofilad da saWirod gaTvaliswinebiT. aq saqme imaSi gaxlavT, rom
am meore materializirebul cocxal arsebas WeSmaritad esaWiroeba aseTi pasiurobis mqone cocxal arsebasTan kontaqti, rameTu Tavad Warbi aqtiurobis gamoa moxvedrili materialur samyaroSi. am SemTxvevaSi aseTi tipis sqesobrivi urTierTobebi metad saWiro da pozitiuri Sedegis momtani iqneba. isini sulier samyaroSi dabrunebis gzaze idgebian am
sistemis miyoliT. am pasiurma cocxalma arsebam pasiuroba
da fsevdomoTmineba (Warbi moTmineba, moTmena) mxolod imitom gamoavlina, rom bunebrivi movlenebisTvis Sesabamis bunebrivi svlis process fexi ar auba, cvlilebebis miRebaze
uari Tqva da misTvis gamzadebuli, gadamuSavebuli WeSmariteba (ase vTqvaT pirSi Cadebuli) ar miiRo, daezara sakuTar
Tavze odnavi Zalisxmeva gaekeTEebina da am suleluri nabijiT TviT suliwmidasTan dapirispirebaSi moixvedra TAavi.
swored es gaxda SemdgomSi masSi emociebis warmoSobis mizezic. ai am zemoT moyvanili procesiT ki, igi am Cadenili Secdomisgan ikurneba. TAavisdauneburadac ki es cocxali arseba
daadgeba monaniebis gzas, suliwmidasTan mis mier Secdomis
aRiarebis gzas. es sinanuli mis emociebs gonebad gardaqmnis,
rameTu is TavisSi suliwmidis mier miwodebul da adre ar
Sesmenil cnobierebas amjerad mousmens, Seismens da gaiTavisebs.
Semdgom, Tu gavyvebiT qronologiur Tanmimdevrulobas,
im nawilSi sadac es arseba ver axerxebs sakuTari emociebisa169

gan gaTavisuflebas, masSi kvebis aucilebloba warmoiqmneba,

anu masSi arsebuli warsulsmijaWvuloba, ukve cnobier doneze gadaSifruli movlenebi xelovnuri informaciuli gzebiT neitralizirdeba. kveba am SEemTxvevaSi yvelafers gulisxmobs rac ki saerTod arsebobs. am SemTxvevaSi konkretulad es raime wesrigis graficirebuli procesis uzrunvelyofis saSualebebs gulisxmobs. visac unda ise gaigos,
magram me vityvi, rom es useriozulesi daavadebaa, romliT
daavadmyofebis SEemdgomac Tu avadmyofs gankurnebis survili Tavadve ar gaaCnia mas verc erTi mkurnali da eqimi ver
moarCens. ukacravad da swored es aris is fenomeni, rasac SeiZleba ewodos sikvdilis gamovlinebuli mdgomareoba mTeli Tavisi sigrZe-siganiT. es is mdgomareobaa, rodesac am tipis arsebas aRar sWirdeba gangeba, gangebis piradi warmomadgenlebi, sulieri samyaro, WeSmaritebis raobis aRqma, siamovnebis miReba da mxolod sxeulis dakmayofilebisa da upiratesobis mopovebis surviliT imarTeba sxva sxeulebTan SedarebiTobaSi sakuTari Tavis dayenebiT.
axla ki gadaval imaze, rasac annada parammanos qalur
sawyisSi netarebaSi (gulwrfelobaSi) gadasvla da iq damkvidreba moiazrebs Tavis arsobriv aRqmaSi.
netareba TAavisi srulyofili gagebiT iseT mdgomareobas
niSnavs, rodesac sakuTari azrovnebidan momdinare survili
ar arsebobs. es aris qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebul cocxal arsebaSi iseTi mdgomareobis damkvidreba, rodesac is
mTeli TAavisi arsebiT aris mindobili suliwmidaze, araviTari dapirispirebis, Cumi dauTanxmeblobis arc survili arsebobs da arc aranairi amis gamovlinebuli forma.
Tumca arsebobs mainc erTgvari vakuumi. es is nawilia,
romelSic Tavad suliwmida axdens TavisSi arsebuli Sinagani wesrigis garSeEmo transformaciul-gardaqmniT samuSAoebs, magram es ar exebaT masze mindobil qaluri sawyisiT
aqtivizirebul cocxal arsebebs. swored am nawilis Sesabamis adgilSi suliwmidis mier misi uSualo daxmarebiTa da
uzrunvelyofiT maTi dakavSireba xdeba im mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebul cocxal arsebebTYan, romlebic am arsebebs siamovnebisa da sitkbos mets verafers moutanen. es
aris ojaxis fenomenis gamovlinebuli forma sulier samya170

roSi. yvela qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba aris amiT uzrunvelyofili da yoveli maTgani uzomo bednierebasa da sixarulSi imyofeba.
es cocxali arsebebi absoluturad srulyofilad gulwrfelni arian da ndoba suliwmidis mimarT maTi bednierebisa da sixarulis garantoria. maT aRar esaWiroebaT izrunon
raRac problemebze, rameTu maT problemebs samyaros uwmindesi pirovneba Tavad wyvitavs da uxsnis yovelgvar dabrkolebas. erTaderTi ram, rac maT evalebaT gaxlavT is, rom suliwmidaze win aravin da araferi ar unda daayenon. is unda
iyos maTTvis ualternativod da upirobod umaRlesi avtoriteti da ar unda daTeson TavisSi Tundac iotisodena eWvi.
amisTvis ki, mTlianad mindobilni yovelgvari piradi mosazrebis gareSEe, yovelTvis, yvelgan da yvelaferSi, unda mihyvebodnen mas iqiT, saiTac igi maT miuTiTebs.
rac Seexeba am arsebis urTierTobas Tavisi Sesabamisi mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenelTan, es iqneba piradi azrovnebis damkvalianebelTan urTierTobis gamovlineba. misi
saSualebiT es qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli nawili mama
RmerTis Sexedulebebs gaecnoba da miiRebs suliwmidaSi arsebuli jer kidev gadasamuSavebeli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb. es iqneba sulier samyaroSi mimdinare obieqtur realobaSi yofnis, realur awmyoSi yofnis saSualeba yovelTvis, vidre am
cocxali arsebis mxridan spekulaciuri azrovnebis survili
ar warmoiqmneba. vinaidan es yovelive gonebis enaze iwereba,
romantikuli suliskveYTeba ar igrZnoba, magram TviTon am
gziT cxovrebis procesSi es marTla eniTauwereli bednierebaa, es marTlac netarebis mdgomareobaSi yofnaa.
am arsebisaTvis, rogorc qaluri sawyisis warmomadgenlisaTvis xom mTavari is aris, rom igi uyvardeT, mas ufrTxildebodnen da saTuTad epyrobodnen. hoda swored amas
Rebulobs igi rogorc suliwmidis mxridan, ise im mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlis mxridan, romelic misi WeSmaritad meore naxevari, misi srulyofili nawili xdeba. es arseba
esTetikis gamovlinebul gamoxatulebas emsaxureba. urTierToba massa da mis meore naxevars Soris iseTi siRrmisaa,
rogorc materialur samyaroSi mamakacsa da qals Soris sqesobrivi aqtis dros warmoqmnili ramodenimewamiani orgaz171

mis momentSi, mxolod im gansxvavebiT, rom iq, sulier samyaroSi es mdgomareoba mudmivad sufevs maT Soris nebismieri
saxiT urTierTobis dros.
aucileblad minda vTqva, rom arafers ar vaidealizireb
da ar vaWarbeb, es WeSmaritad ase iyo, ase aris da ase iqneba aw
da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde. dRes cinikurad xmaroben, magram me cinizmis gareSEe minda movixsenio erTi fraza
da amiT davasrulo es mikroTavi netar arian morwmuneni.

Sinagani qaosi da harmonizireba (uSualoba)

Tu qronologiuri TanmimdevrulobiT mivudgebiT, aseT
raRacas miviRebT: mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli
cocxali arseba im sakiTxebis gadawyvetiT interesdeba,
romlebzec Tavad samyaros uzenaesi pirovneba, mama RmerTi
muSaobs. Tu es arseba mTlianad ar aris mindobili mama RmerTze da pirdapir da uSualod mas ar awvdis da masTan ar ganixilavs Tavisi kvlevis Sedegebs Tavisdauneburadac ki, gardauvlad mis paralelurad axdens am sakiTxebis garSemo muSaobas. SemdgomSi es mama RmerTTan kamaTis, masTan ar daTanxmebis survilSi gadaizrdeba. es arseba ver iTavisebs ukve
imas, rom gangebis pirad warmomadgenlad gadaqcevis pretenzias atarebs TavisSi ar TanamSromlobs ra gangebis pirad
warmomadgenelTan mamakacuri sawyisis warmomadgenlobiT
nawilSi. rogor lamazadac ar unda iTqvas, am cocxalma arsebam TavisSi mignebuli warmosaxviTi Sexedulebebis mama
RmerTisaTvis gaziareba aRar moindoma, raRac damala misgan, SeiZleba raRaca suleluri wyenis an mama RmerTTan raRacaSi ar daTanxmebis gamo. rogor miuRebladac ar unda eCvenos, es arseba unda miendos yovelTvis da mTlianad, ra
Tqma unda, mama RmerTis mier misTvis micemul rekomendaciebsa da miTiTebebs. samwuxarod, es arseba revolucionerobis muxtis matarebeli xdeba.
Semdgom amisa, am cocxal arsebas (TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi) mouwevs materializireba anu sulieri samyaros paralelur samyaroSi gadasaxleba. masSi aq mudmivad iarsebebs
Sinagani qaosi. is `momavalSi~ zedmetad aris gadasuli. amis
172

gasaneitraleblad gangeba masSi sapirispiro sqesis materializirebuli nawilis warmomadgenelTa mimarT sqesobrivi
ltolvis midrekilebas unergavs, raTa `warsulSi~ am provocirebuli surviliT midrekis procesSi rogorme `awmyoSi~
daabrunos. ai es aris Cemi gadasaxedidan `lakmusis qaRaldi~
da amaze odnav gavCerdebi. ramdenadac am aqtivizirebuli
materializirebuli cocxali arsebis SEexedulebebi gangebisTvis misaRebi gaxdeba (Tumca sulieri samyaroSi mimdinare obieqturi realobisTvis isini mainc naadrevi iqneba,
Tundac maTi idealurad sasurvelad gadawyvetis SEemTxvevaSic ki), imdenad es cocxali arseba sqesobrivi ltolvis dakmayofilebas ara siamovnebis miRebis uxeSi Zaladobrivi, angarebiTi, dauflebiTi gzebiT ecdeba, aramed siamovnebis miniWebiT, sqesobriv partniorad arCeuli cocxali arsebis
interesebis srulyofilad da saWirod gaTvaliswinebiT.
saqme imaSi gaxlavT, rom am meore materializirebul cocxal arsebas WeSmaritad esaWiroeba aseTi Warbi aqtiurobis
mqone arsebasTan kontaqti, rameTu Tavad Warbi pasiurobis
gamoa moxvedrili materialur samyaroSi. am SEemTxvevaSi aseTi tipis sqesobrivi urTierTobebi metad dadebiTi da uaRresad saWiro procesia. amis meSveobiT isini sulier samyaroSi dabrunebis uflebis mopovebis gzas adgebian. am Warbi
aqtiurobis mqone arsebam xom siWarbe da mouTmenloba mxolod imitom gamoavlina, rom sxva cocxali arsebebis aRqmisa
da realurad statuskvo Sida arsobrivi mdgomareobis danaxvis survili da unari dakarga. swored es iyo mama RmerTTan misi gaucxovebis ZiriTadi mizezica da masSi am ucnauri
ambiciurobis warmoSobis mizezic. ai am procesiT ki igi am
midrekilebisagan nel-nela da mtkiced ikurneba. Tavisdauneburadac ki, es arseba aucileblad daadgeba aRsarebis, mama RmerTTan sakuTari Secdomebis aRiarebis gzas da is gaucxoveba, romelic TAavad daTesa TavisSi, mis mierve amoiZirkveba, Tumca es erT wamSi ar moxdeba. sasacilo raime minda
vTqva: TviT mama RmerTs Zalian uyvars da arc SeiZleba ar
uyvardes aseTi aqtiuri da mousvenari arsebebi. is maT yovelTvis Tvals adevnebs da swyins, rodesac isini Secdomebs
zrdian da uxaria, rodesac am Secdomebis gamosworebas axdenen. SeiZleba ucnauradac ki JRerdes, magram am arsebebSi
173

warmoqmnili Sexedulebebi momavalSi mama RmerTis mier raRacaSic ki SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli (SEeiZleba arc iyos
gamoyenebuli), magram amas am SemTxvevaSi araviTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs.
SEemdgom Tu gavyvebiT qronologias, im nawilSi, sadac es
arseba ver axerxebs sakuTari ambiciebisagan gaTavisuflebas, warmoiqmneba masSi kvebis aucileblobis fenomeni anu
mcdari an naadrevad mignebuli WeSmaritebis droze adre
damkvidrebis informaciuli fonis ganeitralebisaTvis xdeba misi gamokveba. am SemTxvevaSi sakvebSi SeiZleba moazrebul iqnas nebismieri ram, rac Sinagan qaoss ramdenadme gaaneitralebs droebiT, ra Tqma unda. Zalian uxeSad Tu vityviT, es sakvebi saSualebebi `gamabruebeli narkotikebia~.
rac ufro naklebi iqneba es saSualebebi (Tu cocxali arseba
amas fsiqiurad aitans), miT ukeTesi iqneba imisaTvis, raTa
rac SeiZleba meti ambicia gardaiqmnas masSi grZnobad, mama
RmerTisadmi erTgulebad da ndobad. Tu materializirebuli cocxali arseba materialuri samyaros iluziurobas WeSmaritad srulyofilad aRiqvams, is sakuTar pirovnebas WeSmarit obieqtur SefasebiT WrilSi dainaxavs da vfiqrob, namdvilad SeZlebs mama RmerTis uSualo garemocvaSi yofnis
ufleba moipovos (an vinc dakarga daibrunos). es cocxali
arsebebi xom yvelaze niWierni arian yvela cocxal arsebebs
Soris da SeuZlebelia mama RmerTi da TviT gangeba ar iyvnen
dainteresebulni maTi potencialis maqsimalurad gamoyenebiT.
axla ki gadaval imaze, rasac annadan parammanos mamakacur sawyisSi, harmonizirebaSi (uSualobaSi) gadasvla moiazrebs TAavis arsobriv aRqmaSi. harmonizireba, TaAvisi srulyofili gagebiT, iseT mdgomareobas niSnavs, rodesac sakuTari
survilebi mama RmerTidan da mama RmerTisaTvis idealuri
azrTawyobidan aris momdinarebuli. es aris mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arsebis iseTi mdgomareobis
damkvidreba, rodesac is mTeli Tavisi arsebiT aris mindobili mama RmerTs, araviTari uTanxmoebis, gaucxovebis, kritikulobis survili ar arsebobs.
Tumca aqac arsebobs mainc erTgvari vakuumi. es is nawilia, romelSic Tavad mama RmerTi axdens TavisSi arsebuli
174

Sinagani qaosis garSemo gardaqmniT samuSaoebs, magram es

aranairad ar exebaT maszed mindobil mamakacuri sawyisiT
aqtivizirebul cocxal arsebebs. swored am nawilis Sesabamis adgilSi mama RmerTis mier, misi uSualo uzrunvelyofiT, maTi dakavSireba xdeba im qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebul cocxal arsebebTan, romlebic am arsebebs kmayofilebasa da myudroebas aniWeben. es aris ojaxis fenomenis gamovlineba sulier samyaroSi amjerad sulieri samyaros mamakacuri sawyisis gadasaxedidan. yvela mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arseba aris amiT uzrunvelyofili
da yoveli maTgani uzomo netarebasa da siyvarulSi imyofeba.
es cocxali arsebebi absoluturad srulyofilad uSualoni arian da ndoba mama RmerTis mimarT maTi netarebaSi da
siyvarulSi yofnis ualternativo garantoria. maT aRar esaWiroebaT raRaca problemebis mogoneba, imisaTvis rom vinmes yuradReba miipyron. mama RmerTi maT WeSmaritad gadasawyvet problemebs unawilebs da asaqmebs Tavis samsaxurSi
rac, saboloo jamSi, mTeli sulieri samyaros keTildReobisa da saWiroebis SemotaniT uzrunvelyofs. yvelaze mTavari, rac maT evalebaT, gaxlavT is, rom mama RmerTze win aravin da araferi ar unda daayenon. is unda iyos maTTvis ualternativod da upirobod umaRlesi avtoriteti. maT ar unda damalon araferi, Tundac sul umniSvnelo ramec ki.
sxvagvarad maTi uSualoba am damalul nawilSi daikargeba da
am adgilze sakuTari mniSvnelovnebis SegrZneba amoizrdeba
sarevela balaxiviT, romelic Semdgom droTa ganmavlobaSi
mTlianad moedeba maT suls. arasodes araferSi mama RmerTisaTvis miuRebeli da miT umetes mis mier akrZaluli ram ar
unda Caidinon. Tu moxdeba ise rom amis provocirebuli survili gaCndeba maTSi, Tavadve sakuTari iniciativiT unda mividnen mama RmerTTan da es auwyon. is aucileblad monaxavs
aqedan gamosavals da auwyebs rogor moiqcnen. bolosdabolos am survilis gadaSifvraSi daexmareba gonebriv da
grZnobiT doneze da es `ganxeTqilebis vaSlebi~ sapnis buStiviT gaskdeba da gaqreba.
rac SEeexeba am cocxali arsebis urTierTobebs Tavisi Sesabamisi qaluri sawyisis mqone cocxal arsebasTan es iqneba
175

mis gulSi arsebuli vakuumis dasamkvidrebeli ram. misi saSualebiT es mamakacuri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali
arseba suliwmidis Sexedulebebs gaecnoba imis garSemo, rac
zogadad qaluri sawyisisaTvis sulier samyaroSi cnobieruli interesis myiseul nawils warmoadgens. amiT es arseba
arc momavalSi gadavardeba, rameTu e. w. warsuli, masTan
cnobieruli urTierTobebis damyarebiT, maszed funqcionaluri saqmianobis pasuxismgeblobas gauRviZebs da realurad sulier samyaroSi mimdinare obieqtur realobaSi anu awmyoSi iqneba mudmivad. is Tavisi Sexedulebebis gaziarebiT
qaluri sawyisiT aqtivizirebuli cocxali arsebisaTvis
(romlebic mama RmerTidan momdinare da masTan uSualod SeTanxmebuli iqneba), Tavisi meore naxevris harmonizirebas
moaxdens. rodesac igrZnobs, rom is Sesmenilia da sainteresoa am arsebisaTvis es Zalian did kmayofilebas da siamovnebas mianiWebs. es arseba Tavis srul nawilad iqneba aRqmuli
da ise moeqceva rogorc eTikis warmomadgeneli unda iqceodes esTetikasTan da esTetikis pirad warmomadgenelTan.

176

mTlianad orive nawilis mokle faseulobrivi

aRwerisTvis Sedgenili cxrili

araindividualuri suli (zesuli)

paramananda

paramvijnana

paramano

paramprana

paramanna

ndoba

evolucireba

harmonia

gandegiloba

gaziareba

rwmena

civilizacia

transcendencia

netareba

gacnobiereba

individualuri suli (sulieri sxeuli)

ananda

vijnana

mano

prana

anna

TviTkmaobi

meciereba

`me~-s Secneba

`ego~-s
Secnoba

Sinagani
qaosi

sarwmuno
(vn)eba

kultura

funqcionaluri
religiuroba

Semoqmedeba

Sinagani
wesrigi

individualuri sxeuli (materialuri sxeuli)

anandamaia

vijnanamaia

manomaia

pranamaia

annamaia

yofiT
kmaroba

TviTgakerpeba

garegani qaosi

garemoze
zemoqmedeba

gemovneba
ocnebebi

vizualuri
religiuroba

kerpTayvanismcemloba

garegani wesrigi

sakuTar `me~ze
zemoqmedeba

azrovneba
eWvebi

177

daskvna
Cemi, rogorc individualuri sulisa da individualuri
sxeulis srulqmnisaTvis saWiro da aucilebeli principebis
Camoyalibeba, maTTan midgomis konceftualuri TviTgansazRvra. individualuri sulisa da individualuri sxeulis
idealurad marTebulad Tanacxovrebisa da TanamSromlobis
miRweulobis gamovlinebulobis aRwera.
Cems mier pirvel wignSi moyvanilia oTxi principi, romelTa safuZvelzec daiwera da Seiqmna yvela wigni, rac ki
davwere. me kargad mesmoda, rom arsebobda me-5 principic,
magram isic kargad mesmoda, rom misi iq Semotana kategoriulad dauSvebeli iyo. ai axla ki, Cemi SemoqmedebiTi moRvaweobis dasasruls (orientaciis mkafiod gansazRvris kuTxiT)
vaZlev Cems Tavs imis uflebas, rom es me-5 principic Semovitano, romelic realurad pirveli iqneba CamonaTvalis nusxaSi. TviTon midgomac ki Seicvleba yvela principTan mimarTebaSi da es iqneba swored am siaxlis gavlenisa da mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebis Sedegi.
ra Tqma unda, amiT Cems arc erT wigns Tavisi funqcionaluri mniSvneloba ar SEeumcirdeba, rameTu isini swored rom
Seasruleben aRmzrdelebis rols adamianebTan mimarTebaSi
(Tu es gangebas endomeba), xolo es wigni maTTvis maRali donis reliqviad darCeba da amis gagebas kanti-kuntad vinme Tu
SeZlebs da isinic mxolod nawilobriv. Tan, vfiqrob, es Cemi
sxeulidan gasvlis SEemdgom moxdeba. ise rom, rogorc adamianebs sCveviaT xolme, es wigni ufro gakultebul nivTad eqnebaT, romelsac yovel dila-saRamos SeiZleba Tayvani scen
da locvebi miuZRvnan.
esea Tu ise, SEemodis me-5 principi da axla me yvela principis CamonaTvalsa da gansazRvrebas movaxden am daskvniT
nawilSi.
1. Cems doneze ufro maRAali eTikur-esTetikuri done,
romelic Tavisze dabla myofi eTikur-esTEetikuri donis
178

warmomadgenelTa sulierad amaRlebiT aris dainteresebuli.

a) mamakacuri sawyisi. paramananda.
mama RmerTis erTguleba. TviTkmaroba.
srulyofileba sakuTari `me~-s gamovlinebis sazRvrebSi.
b) qaluri sawyisi. ananda.
suliwmidis erTguleba. gaTviTcnobierebuloba.
gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqceuloba.
2. Cems doneze ufro maRali eTikur-esTetikuri done,
romelic ATavisze maRla myofi eTikur-esTetikuri donis
warmomadgenelTa sulier donemde amaRlebiT aris dainteresebuli
a) mamakacuri sawyisi. paramvijnana
srulyofilebisken swrafva.
b) qaluri sawyisi. vijnana.
morCili Tayvaniscema
3. Cemi donis toli eTikur-esTetikuri done, romelic
TAavisi toli eTikur-esTetikuri donis warmomadgenlebTan sulieri urTierTgaziarebiT aris dainteresebuli.
a) mamakacuri sawyisi. parammano
sakuTari Sida arsis gamWvirvaloba da gacema;
uSualoba.
b) qaluri sawyisi. mano.
gulwrfeloba.
4. Cems doneze ufro dabali eTikur-esTetikuri done,
romelic Tavisze maRla myofi eTikur-esTetikuri donis
warmomadgenelTAa sulier donemde amaRlebiT aris dainteresebuli.
179

a) mamakacuri sawyisi. paramprana

araZaladoba.
b) qaluri sawyisi. prana.
zomieri Tanamimdevruloba.
5. Cems doneze ufro dabali eTikur-esTetikuri done,
romelic Tavisze ufro dabla myofi eTikuri donis warmomadgenelTa sulieri amaRlebiT aris dainteresebuli.
a) mamakacuri sawyisi. paramanna.
TviTkmari myudroeba.
b) qaluri sawyisi. anna.
nebayofilobiToba.
e. w. idealuri mdgomareoba maSin iqneba miRweuli Cems mier, rodesac Cemi individualuri suli srulyofilad daakmayofilebs I principis dacvas mas SEemdeg, rac me-3 da me-2
principebs SEeimecnebs da maT moTxovnebs srulyofilad
SEeasrulebs, xolo individualuri sxeuli ki srulyofilad
daakmayofilebs III principis dacvas, mas SEemdeg rac me-5 da
me-4 principebs SEeimecnebs da maT moTxovnebs srulyofilad
SEeasrulebs.
I principis Sesruleba individualur sulSi ganapirobebs misi gaorebis tendenciis aRmofxvras anu TAavisufldeba sulieri sqesobrivi vnebis arsebobisagan Tavis arsSi. I
principis ver (ar) Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi ki yvelaferi piriqiT moxdeba, individualur sulSi gaorebuloba warmoiqmneba da arsebuli mankieri nawilis sxva cocxali arsebebisaTvis misi Tavze moxvevis survili gaCndeba, anu daavaddeba
sulieri sqesobrivi vnebiT individualuri sulis arsSi, misi
gaCeniT.
180

II principis Sesruleba individualur sulSi ganapirobebs misgan sulswrafobis tendenciis aRmofxvras anu individualuri suli Tavisufldeba sulieri sqesobrivi ltolvis arsebobisagan TAavis arsSi. II principis ver (ar) Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi ki yvelaferi piriqiT moxdeba, anu individualur sulSi mouTmenloba an Warbi moTmineba (sizarmace,
moTmena) warmoiqmneba da SEeZenili mankieri nawiliT sakuTar
`me~-s (am SemTxvevaSi individualur suls) didi xniT atarebs labirinTebSi. anu daavaddeba sulieri sqesobrivi
ltolviT.
III principis Sesruleba amjerad ukve erTian `me~-Si (individualur sulSi da individualur sxeulSi) ganapirobebs
winaswar raRacis dagegmarebisa da am dagegmarebuliT xelmZRvanelobis tendenciis aRmofxvras anu zogadad gangebisa
da gangebis warmomadgenlebis mier mieniWeba uflebaca da
saSualebac. `me~-Si arsebuli mankierebis mocilebisaTvis
sulieri da materialuri ltolvisa da vnebis dakmayofileba moaxdinos gangebis mier misTvis mkacrad gansazRvrul diapazonSi. III principis ver (ar) Sesrulebis SEemTxvevaSi Semodis eWvebi da SiSebi `me~-Si da cdilobs imitaciuri kalkireba moaxdinos imisa, rac winaswar dagegma da xelsayrel momentSi winaswar ganzraxuli gegmebidan yvelaze advilad
ganxorcielebuli im momentSi nebismieri gziTa da saSualebiT Seaparos, daamkvidros.
IV principis Sesruleba individualur sxeulSi ganapirobebs misgan subieqturobis tendenciis aRmofxvras anu individualuri sxeuli Tavisufldeba materialuri sqesobrivi
ltolvis arsebobisagan Tavis arsSi. IV principis ver (ar)
Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi ki yvelaferi piriqiT xdeba anu individualur sxeulSi subieqturoba warmoiqmneba da SeZenili Warbi mankieri nawiliT, sakuTar individualur sxeuls
axal damatebiT `xilul~ problemebs Seuqmnis anu daavaddeba materialuri sqesobrivi ltolviT.
V principis Sesruleba individualur sxeulSi ganapirobebs masSi arsebuli egoisturi tendenciebis gamovlinebis
aRmofxvras anu individualuri sxeuli Tavisufldeba mate181

rialuri sqesobrivi vnebis arsebobisagan TAavis arsSi. V

principis ver (ar) Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi individualuri
sxeulis mier masSi arsebuli egoizmis gamovlineba izrdeba,
rac Tavad iwvevs egoisturi bunebis axali damatebiTi formebis warmoqmnas, riTac sulieri (karmiuli) WuWyis gazrdas
uwyobs xels da SEemdgom inkarnaciebSi ufro metad da metad
amZimebs sakuTar materialur mdgomareobas (rac momaval
dabadebebSi SEeeqmneba), anu daavaddeba materialuri sqesobrivi vnebiT.
samyaroSi Seqmnili sistemis nebismier wertilSi Sesabamisi obieqturi realobis adaptaciis saxelmZRvanelo daaxloebiT ase SeiZleba iwodos is, rasac moemsaxureba aq CamoTvlili xuTi principi. axla zogadad TviToeuli principis Sesabamisi kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan `me~-s saWiro
da sasurvel urTierTobebs Camovayalibeb da es iqneba is
daskvniTi, saboloo miTiTeba Tu rCeva-darigeba, rasac `me~Si Setana moitans.

mTels arsebul samyaroSi gangebis mier Seqmnili

sistemebis nebismieri wertilisTvis Sesabamisi
obieqturi realobis adaptaciisaTvis saWiro da
aucilebeli daskvniTi rCeva-darigebebi
mexuTe kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan (sadac me-5 principi unda iqnas daculi) calsaxad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sakuTari iniciativiT aranairi kontaqti ar unda damyardes. Tavisdauneburad (ara sakuTari iniciativiT) warmoqmnili kontaqtis SEemTxvevaSi sakuTari nebayofilobiToba ar unda SeizRudos da aranairi formiT Sinagani myudroeba ar unda
dairRves. SeiZleba Zalian uxeSadac ki JRerdes, magram am kategoriis warmomadgenlebi cnobieri urTierTobebis Rirsad ar unda CaiTvalon. isini Soreul warsuls miwebebuli
nawili arian da srulyofilebis kompleqsiT arian seriozulad daavadebulni. maTTan mimarTebaSi `gzis adamians~ eva182

leba maTi yofierebis uzrunvelyofa imxelaze, ramxelazec

Tavad ar daarRveven mis keTil nebasa da myudroebas.
meoTxe kategoriis warmomadgenlebTanac SeiZleba iTqvas sakuTari iniciativiT ar unda damyardes urTierToba,
magram maTi mxridan kontaqtis damyarebis survilis SemTxvevaSi, isini ufro dabal eTikur doned unda aRiqmebodes
winaswar da midgoma ise unda moxdes, rogorc maswavleblisa
moswavlesTan anu mudmivad unda arsebobdes da kontrolirdebodes distancia, romelic maT familiarobaSi gadasvlis
saSualebas ar miscems. Tu maT aseTi tipis urTierTobebi mobezrdebaT da gavlen urTierTobidan (gauqrebaT urTierTobis survili) mSvidad unda moxdes Sexvedra amasTan anu
aranairad ar unda moxdes miwebeba maTze. isini ar unda iqnan
aRqmulni, rogorc `gzis adamianSi~ arsebuli arsis mizandasaxulad miwodebis saSualebebi. faqtiurad es iqneboda erTgvari cnobierul-informaciuli Zaladobis, arazomierebisa da araTanamimdevrulobis gamovlineba, maSin, rodesac
am kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan unda iyos araZaladobiTa
da zomieri TanamimdevrulobiT ganmsWvaluli suliskveTeba. faqtiurad maTTan `gzis adamianma~ yofiTi urTierTobebi ar unda daamyaros. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, es maTSi arsebuli potenciuri SesaZleblobebis cnobierul doneze ganviTarebis paralizebas an, ukeTes SEemTxvevaSi, gazarmacebas
gamoiwvevs. isini `gzis adamianisTvis~ unda iyvnen uaxloesi
warsulis warmomadgenlebi, romlebmac maTive survilisa da
iniciativis gamovlinebis SEemTxvevaSi awmyoSi SEeiZleba gadainacvlon. `gzis adamians~ maTTan mimarTebaSi evaleba maTi
cnobierebis ganviTarebis uzrunvelyofa imxelaze, ramxelazec ar dairRveva misi, rogorc maswavleblis ufleba da
maTze ganpirovnebuli mowafeobrivi TAanamimdevruloba.
mesame kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan urTierTobisas
aranairi distancia ar unda arsebobdes anu absoluturad
araferi ar unda iyos uxerxulobisa da erTmaneTSi damalulobis mizezi da sababi. e. i. unda sufevdes absoluturi uSualobisa da gulwrfelobis atmosfero. urTierTobebi unda
iyos awyobili sakuTar arsSi ukve gamarTulad, myarad dar183

wmunebulad arsebulis bazaze. am urTierTobebs orive mxarisTvis unda mohqondes uzarmazari siamovnebisa da kmayofilebis SegrZneba. es iqneba WeSmaritad Tanasworad aRqmulad SegrZnebuli cocxali arsebebis kontaqti, sadac raimenairi saxis upiratesobis miREebaze, Tundac mcireodeni Sejibris mcdelobaze fiqrs araTu adgili, azric ki ar unda
hqondes. es urTierTobebi ganmsWvaluli unda iyos sakuTari
arsis srulad gamWvirvaled gamovlinebis, gaziarebis da
gulwrfelobis suliskveTebiTY. es iqneba awmyos, mimdinare
wamis gamovlineba da am mimdinare wamiT cxovreba. am SemTxvevaSi cnobierebisa da yofierebis erTmaneTisagan gamijvnac ki azrs kargavs, imdenad harmoniulad arian erTmaneTSi
Sezavebulni. am kategoriasTan urTierTobisas `gzis adamianisa~ da misi warmomadgenlebis survilebi da iniciativebi
imdenad Tanxvedrilia, rom es iniciativebi ubralod mAaT bunebriv mdgomareobad SEeiZleba iwodos da SEeiZleba iniciativebadac ki aRAar moinaTlos, Tumca aSkaraa, rom es mainc iniciativebi iqneba rac ar unda daerqvaT maT. es aris grZnobisa
da gonebis an piriqiT gonebisa da grZnobis idealuri aliansi, TanamSromloba, roca elementarulad ubralod vakuumic ki ar rCeba raimenairi e. w. problemebis gamosagoneblad
da Sesaqmnelad.
meore kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom swored `gzis adamianis~ iniciativiT unda xdebodes urTierTobebis damyareba. maTTAan mimarTebaSi sakuTari done
ufro dabal eTikur-esTetikurad unda aRiqvas da aRiaros.
unda daicvas iseTi distancia pativiscemisa rogoric evaleba WeSmaritad dabla mdgoms WeSmaritad maRla mdgomTan mimarTebaSi. am SemTxvevaSi is ise unda miudges am kategoriis
warmomadgenlebs rogorc Tavad surs, rom me-4 kategoriis
warmomadgenlebi udgebodnen cnobieri sakiTxebis aTvisebis
procesSi saWiro da aucilebeli pirobebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT. anu unda miudges rogorc moswavle maswavlebels da
ar unda misces ufleba sakuTar pirovnebas, rom Tavi gautolos da gauTanasworos maT sakuTar aRqmaSi. ar unda dauSvas
zurgsukan raRaceebis laparaki (wuwuni, Civili, kritika da
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a. S.) sakuTar fiqrebSic ki. es familiarobis aralegaluri

gamovlinebulobis forma iqneboda misi mxridan.
maTTan mimarTebaSi ganmsWvaluli unda iyos cnobieri Sida arsis wvdomis e. i. misTvis srulyofilebisaken swrafvisa
da maTdami morCilebisa da WeSmariti Tayvaniscemis suliskveTebiT. arasodes ar unda moindomos, moiTxovos maTgan
imaze meti an imaze naklebi imasTan SedarebiT, rasac cnobier doneze maTgan miiRebs.
am kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan aseTi mimarTebis
SeEmTxvevaSi `gzis adamians~ miecema ufleba (pativi) maTi
cnobierebis miRebisa da aRqmisa sakuTar arsobiv raobaSi imxelaze, ramxelazec ar daarRvevs imas, rac aRvniSne e. i. uzrunvelyofili iqneba cnobierebiT.
pirveli kategoriis warmomadgenelbTan SeiZleba iTqvas
`gzis adamianis~ mgznebare, mxurvale surviliTa da iniciativiT unda xdebodes (saerTod ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia)
urTierTobebis damyareba. maTTan mimarTebaSi man sakuTari
done Zalian, ukiduresad dabal eTikur-esTetikur doned
unda aRiqvas da aRiaros. SeiZleba ucnaurad JRerdes, magram am donesTan SedarebiT `gzis adamians~ faqtiurad imis
Rirsadac ki ar unda miaCndes sakuTari pirovneba, rom am donis warmomadgenlobam raimenairi saxis urTierTobis damyareba moindomos. isini misTvis unda iyvnen aRqmulni imad, rasac saerTod maqsimalurad idealuri zesvlis SEemTxvevaSi
SeiZleba miaRwios rodesme (Tu miRwevadad miiCnevs saerTod), magaliTad, Tundac milioni an miliardi dedamiwiseuli wlis Semdeg. anu unda aRiqvamdes maT rogorc WeSmaritad
srulyofilebis gamovlinebebs individualuri cocxali arsebebis pirobebze, SEedarebiTobis fonze anu individualizmis gamovlinebisTvis zogadad.
`gzis adamians~ Rrmad unda esmodes, rom isini Tavs ar gauyadreben da mas urTierTobis damyarebis Rirsad ar CaTvlian. es unda miiRos rogorc arasakmarisi survili da
mcdeloba misgan gamomdinarebuli da Seupovrad da guldasmiT unda cdilobdes ukeTesad, ufro metad da ufro mxur-

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valed moandomos masTan urTierTobis damyareba, amis raimenairad damsaxureba.

am kategoriis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebaSi `gzis adamianis~ suliskveTeba ganmsWvaluli unda iyos sakuTari `me~s srulyofilebis miRwevis surviliT gangebis mier misTvis
gansazRvrul daipazonSi da gangebis nebis realizaciis saSualebad gadaqcevis surviliT, anu mimdinare realobis
obieqtur realobad miRebis aRqmisa da SAegrZnebis unaris
ganviTarebiT TavisSi. maTTan aseTi midgomis SEemTxvevaSi
`gzis adamians~ miecema pativi uSualod maTgan, maTi dasturiTa da miTiTebebiT yofierebis uzrunvelyofisa.

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