Rob Bland

UWRT 1102
Prof. Julia Intawiwat
Annotated Bibliography
Baker, David and Keramidas, Natacha. The Psychology of Hunger Monitor
on Psychology 44.9 (2013) p. 66. Print. Secondary Source
David Baker, PhD, is the Margaret Clark Morgan executive director of
the Center for the History of Psychology and professor of psychology
at the University of Akron. Natacha Keramidas is a graduate assistant
at the Center for the History of Psychology and a PhD student in the
collaborative program in counseling psychology. Katharine S. Milar,
PhD, is historical editor for "Time Capsule."
The Psychology of Hunger is an article which describes the
Minnesota Starvation experiment, and the results of Ancel Keys about
the psychological symptoms and side effects about severe hunger.
This article provides me with information about the psychological
side-effects of hunger, which would have been experience by Chris
McCandless as he starved to death in Alaska.
Reflection:
This work summarizes the earlier work of Ancel Keys; they match in
content.
If one were to use this information to write an essay, one could argue
that someone was starving to death based solely on the symptoms
they displayed in, perhaps, a diary.
This work references the text The Biology of Human Starvation, which
is a valuable reference.
The work is academically supported by the results of the Minnesota
Starvation experiment.
This work is specific to the psychological effects of severe hunger/
The intended audience of this work is the readers of the American
Psychological Associations journal Monitor on Psychology.
This work helped introduce me to the psychological effects of
starvation and the Minnesota Starvation Experiment, which helped
me understand the other sources.
Bowman, Paul H.; Guetzkow, Harold S.; Schuhle, William; Wallace, William.
Men and Hunger: A Psychological Manual for Relief Workers. Elgin,
IL: Brethren Pub. House, 1946. Print. Secondary Source
Paul Bowman cowrote Men and Hunger with Harold Guetzkow,
William Schuhle, and William Wallace.

This text summarizes the results of the Minnesota Starvation

experiment, and describes the psychological effects of severe hunger,
for relief workers.
This text is the most directly sourced out of all the other sources in my
final paper.
Reflection:
This text matches Ancel Keys work and was actually published before
Ancel Keys volumes were finished, because this text has slimmed
down the material for relief workers.
If one were to write an essay with this book, they could be writing an
updated relief manual for the modern world.
This text references the Minnesota Starvation experiment, which was
comprehensively recorded in Ancel Keys work.
The material in this book is academically supported by the results of
the Minnesota Starvation experiment.
This text is specific to the psychology of severe hunger, with an
application to victims in warzones and in poverty-stricken areas.
The intended audience of this text is relief workers working in
warzones and poverty-stricken areas.
This text most directly contributed to my final essay, and I quote it in
my third paragraph.
Keys, Ancel et al. The Biology of Human Starvation. Minneapolis, MN:
University of Minnesota Press, 1950. Print. Secondary Source
Ancel Keys was an American scientist who studied the effects of diet
on health
This two volume work is a comprehensive record of the progress and
results of the Minnesota Starvation Experiment, in which sixty ablebodied men subsisted on a very low caloric intake for six months,
followed by a three month recuperation period. The mens health was
carefully measured and recorded over this time.
This work is in two volumes, each of which is 700+ pages. Anything
one could ever hope to know about hunger and starvation and the
human body is in these books.
Reflection:
This book sets the precedent for the biology of hunger in humans. It is
the cornerstone of everything we know about hunger and biology. It
sets the bar.
If one were using these books, one could teach an entire class on the
biology of human starvation.

The material in this book is supported by the results of the Minnesota

Starvation Experiment.
To say this work is comprehensive is an understatement.
Krakauer, Jon. Into The Wild. New York City, NY: Villard, 1996. Print. Book
Jon Krakauer is an American writer and mountaineer. He wrote the
initial article about Chris McCandless for Outsider magazine, and
after investigating deeper and deeper into Chriss life, wrote the
nonfiction book Into the Wild.
Into the Wild is an in-depth discussion of the journey of Chris
McCandless, and its goal is to provide some insight into his
motivations, and the opinions of Chris held by the people who knew
him, such as Jan Burres and Wayne Westerberg.
Into the Wild offers a thorough secondary discussion of the life and
death of Chris McCandless, and is exceptionally helpful to this project
in that it discusses the probable causes of death and the symptoms of
Chriss starvation.
Reflection:
Jon Krakauer is obviously partial to the McCandless story, but writes
impartially to the best of his ability, recording the opinions of both
sides as any good journalist would. He himself provides his own
opinions in the form of drawing parallels between Chriss life and his
own.
If one were to write an essay using Into the Wild as a source, they
may be writing an essay about adventuring, or Alaska, or Chris
himself, or they may write about any of the other five explorers
discussed by Krakauer in relation to Chris, including Krakauer
himself.
Krakauer provides references to outside sources about Chris
McCandless, including the Outsider article which Krakauer wrote
before this book, or the studies done on the probable causes of death
of Chris.
Most of Krakauers work is academically supported, interspersed with
his own opinions on the subject. Krakauer is very careful to
distinguish between the two for the reader, and the reader can be
assured that what Krakauer writes as academically supported, is
certainly so.
The work is specific about the life of Chris McCandless, but more
open-ended as it nears the end of the work, including discussions on
other similar explorers, including Krakauer himself.

The intended audience of Into the Wild is anyone who will listen to the
story of Chris McCandless. Perhaps it is written to the American
people as a discussion of the spirit of adventure, or to budding
explorers in the relaying of a legend, but it is clear: the story of Chris
McCandless is a testament to the human spirit, and his story is one
many people ought to hear.
McCandless, Christopher J. Back to the Wild. St. George, UT: Twin Star
Press, Inc., 2011. Print. Primary Source
Chris McCandless is an American explorer, hitchhiker, and
documentarian who recorded two years of his life trekking across
North America in over 300 photographs and cryptic journal entries,
written in the back of a field guide to plants. Chris McCandless
camped in the wilderness near an Alaskan national park for 113 days,
passing away in the wilderness.
Back to the Wild is a collection of Chris McCandlesss photographs,
letters, and journal entries over his life as a hitchhiker, in the form of
a book. It is a compendium of primary sources of Chriss life.
This information is extremely relevant, as it depicts the symptoms of
starvation as experienced by Chris himself. I will take this information
and compare it to what is biologically known about starvation and
create a timeline of Chriss 113 days in Alaska, providing some insight
into what Chris may have experienced internally leading up to his
death.
Reflection:
Other primary sources of explorers who passed away in the wild show
some similarity to Chris McCandlesss story, but Chris is very unique
in that he appears perfectly sane, prepared to a much greater extent
than some others, more is possibly known about his life than any other
explorer, and is motivated by something very unique. What that
something is can be debated.
If one were to write an essay using this source, they could possibly be
writing an essay about the spirit of adventure, or those who quest for
self-sufficiency, as some examples. Chris McCandlesss story serves
forever as a testament to the human spirit.
Chris was heavily influenced by writers such as Jack London, Tolstoy
and Thoreau the works of these authors may provide some insight
into Chriss motivations, and they are valuable references.
The text and photographs are McCandlesss personal opinions, and
McCandlesss whole story can be taken as an argument that humans

ought to live under their own power, if you want to do something do

it! Just do it!
Chriss intended audience is perhaps himself, as he quested to learn
and to teach himself more than anything else.
Chriss descriptions of the symptoms of his starvation are
documented in his journal, and will be very valuable to my project.
SciShow. What Happens When You Stop Eating? Online video clip.
YouTube. YouTube, 22 Oct. 2013. Web. 31 Oct. 2015. - General
Internet Source
SciShow is a YouTube channel run by Hank Green and others, funded
by its supporters on Patreon. SciShow makes four science related
videos every week, hosted by Hank Green of the Vlogbrothers.
This video discusses the three metabolic phases of starvation which
occur when the body stops eating, and describes the various causes
and effects of each phase.
This information is relevant to my project as it outlines the biological
mechanisms at play within Chris McCandlesss body as he starved to
death.
Reflection:
This video matches the ideas of other authors, and displays the
current biological information on starvation in an engaging and
entertaining manner. If one were writing an essay with this source,
they would find it most helpful as a basic introduction to the biology of
starving. It is incredibly well sourced, supported by sources such as
Psychology Today and the Science channel. The information is general
to starvation in human beings, not investigating any specific cases.
The intended audience is those people who love learning about
science, as depicted by the specific diction and informal tone of the
video. This video has introduced me to the biology of starvation and is
incredibly valuable in understanding my other sources.