Chapter 3 Characteristics and Conveyability of Bulk Materials Contents Material characteristics. Behavior of materials on a moving belt; Effect of inclines and declines; Material classMaterial Characteristics The successful design of a belt conveyor must begin with an accurate appraisal of the characteristics of the material to be transported. A few important characteristics require definition. The angle of repose of a material is the angle which the surface of a normal, freely formed pile makes to the horizont The angle of surcharge of a material is the angle to the horizoncal which the surface of the material assumes while the material is at rest on a moving conveyor belt. This angle usually is $* to 15° less than the angle of repose, though in some materials it may be as much as 20° less. The flowability of a material, as measured by its angle of repose and angle of surcharge, determines the cross-section of the material load which safely can be carried on a belt. It also is an index of the safe angle of incline of the belt conveyor. The flowability is determined by such material characteristics as: size and shape of the fine particles and tumps, roughness or smoothness of the surface of the material particles, proportion of fines and lumps present, and moisture content of the material Table 3-1 illustrates and defines the normal relationship of the forego- ing properties and the general characteristics of materials, Tamx 3-1, Flowability—Angle of Surcharge—Angle of Repose Fery free ae Sowing I* _| Free lowing 2* Average ling 3+ Slugsih «* 5 Angle of | 10° Angle of | 20" Angie of | 25° Angleof | 30° Angle of surcharge surcharge surcharge surcharge surcharge 10° Ze o 5, fe < ‘ = — ufat O19" Angie | 20-29" Angle | 30°-34° Angle | 359-39" Angle | up Anale of repose of repaze of repose of repose of repose ‘Material characteristics Uniform size, | Rounded, dry | Ieegular, granv- | Typieal common | Ivegular, very smal olshed partles, | taror mpy | materais suchas | stingy, fibrous, rounded panic, | of medium weisk, | materials of | bicminous coal, | interlocking aie tither very wet or| such as whale” | medium weigh, | stone, most ots, | ral, such as wood very dry, sock as | gain aod beans, | Sock ag antes | et | tise, basa, | ry silica sand, | cite coal, cotcon- tempered foundry cement, wet con seed meal clay, sand, ee “Code designations conform to bulk material sharasterinica chart, Table 1-2, u m Ree eeeeeaneeaee € ¢ ¢Material Charstertes Consideration should also be given t0 the weight per cubic foot of the material; its dustiness, wetness, stickiness, abrasiveness; its chemically corrosive action; and its temperature. Some general information concerning, these properties of many materials is given in Table 3-2. Table 3-3 gives alist, of materials with their physical characteristics and classification code designations. It must be understood that the data given in this table are for average conditions and average materials. Each characteristic may vary in specific instances, especially angles of repose and maximum conveyor inclinations Proper consideration must be given to those materials, the characteristics of which vary under various conditions of handling, atmospheric humidity, age, or long storage. In some cases, accuracy may require that carefully conducted tests be ruin to establish the material characteristics under the required conditions. Materials or characteristics omitted from Table 3-3 may be roughly appraised by comparison with listed materials of the same general type. Behavior of Materials on a Moving Belt Attention must be drawn to the fact that the normal characteristics of materials are considerably influenced by the movement, slope, and speed of the conveyor belt that carries them. As the conveyor belt passes successively over each carrying idler, the material on it is correspondingly agitated. This agitation tends to work the larger pieces to the surface of the load and the smaller particles or fines to the bottom. It also tends to flatten the material surface slope (ise. the angle of surcharge) and explains why this angle is less than the angle of repose. Any difference between the forward velocity of the material as itis be- ing loaded and the conveyor belt that is receiving it must be equalized by thte acceleration of the material. This acceleration causes turbulence in the material. ‘Any vertical velocity of the material as itis being loaded must be ab- sorbed in the resilient construction of the conveyor belt and the impact idlers used under the loading point. In this process, a further increase in material turbulence is produced. ‘These three influences are emphasized when the conveyor belt is on an incline or decline, and also when the conveyor beit is operated at high speeds. ‘These influences are emphasized even more when the material handled is loose and contains large rounded lumps, such as coarse washed gravel, the tendency of which is to bounce and roll on the conveyor belt. Effect of Inclines and Declines The sominal cross section of the material on a horizontal conveyor belt is ‘measured in a plane normal to the belt. On an inclined or dectined conveyor belt, gravity necessitates that the actual cross section of the load be con- 3s4 Characteristes and Conses ability of Bulk Materials sidered in a vertical plane. To maintain the total width of the material load on the belt and to maintain unchanged surcharge angles, the cross section of the load possible on an inclined or declined belt must be less than that on a horizontal belt. Referring to the diagram used in the derivation of belt con veyor capacity (Figure 4.2), the area A, does not change although the area A, does decrease as the cosine of the conveyor slope. The total effect is influenced by the surcharge angle at which the material will ride on the conveyor belt. However, in most cases, the actual loss of capacity is less than 3%. The following three precautions may well be observed: lumps are more likely to roll off the edges of inclined conveyor belts than horizontal ones; for belts of constant slope, the spillage of material is more likely to occur immediately beyond the loading point; materials which aerate ex- Bid cessively, such as some very fine ground cements, or materials in which the proportion of water is so high that a slurry is created, must be carried on in- clines and at such a conveyor belt speed that the tendency of the material to slide back is fully offset. Tone 3-2, Material Class Description Material characterises ‘Code Very Fine—100 mesh and under A Fine—1/8 inch and under 5 Be Sice Granular—Under 1/2 inch aa lpac + Lumpy—containing lumps over 1/2 inch D < Irregular—stringy, interlocking, mats together E Flowability | Very free-lowing—angle of repose less than 19° 1 Angle of Free-flowing—angle of repose 20° 10 29° Ww ‘Repase Average flowing—angle of repose 30° to 39° | 3 f é Sluggish—angle of repose 40° and over 4 € Nonabrasive . Abrasive 6 € Abrasiveness | Very abrasive 7 Z _ Very sharp—cuts or gouges belt covers 8 i ® Very dusty L : Acrates and develops fluid characteristics M C Contains explosive dust N € ‘Miscellaneous Contaminable, affecting use or saleability Pp - - Characteristics | Degradable, affecting use or saleability Q é a8 (Sometimes Gives off harmfel fumes or dust R < ‘more than one | Highly corrosive 8 ¢ of these Mildly corrosive T * characteristics | Hygroscopic u ‘ ‘may apply) | Interlocks or mats v : Oils or chemical present—may affect rubber products w : Packs under pressure x Very light and fluffy—may be wind-swept ie Elevated temperature z : Example: A very fine material hat is fee lowing, abrasive, and contains explosive dust would be de- & ‘ignated: Cass AZ6N 36Material Characteristics Tanue 3-3. Material Characteristics and Weight Per Cubic Foot ‘Angleof Recommended Average weight “repose ‘maximum Material (lbs per cui) (degrees) inclination Code ‘Alfalfa meal 17 45 Basy Alfalfa pellets 41-43 20-29 os Alfalfa seed 10-15, 2 B26N ‘Almonds, broken or whole 28-30 30-44 c36Q ‘Alum, fine 45-50 30-44 B35 Alum, lumpy 50-60 30-44 - ss ‘Alumina 50-65 2 10-12 B27™M. Aluminum chips 7-15 45 EAsy 7 ‘Aluminum hydrate 18 u 20-24 cs ‘Aluminum ore (see bauxite) = = ‘Aluminum oxide 70-120 » AZ™M ‘Aluminum silicate 9 30-44 B3sS ‘Aluminum sulphate 54 2 ” D35 ‘Ammonium chloride, crystalline 45.52 30-44 B36S ‘Ammonium nitrate 45 30-44 *c36NUS ‘Ammonium sulphate (granular) 45-58 “ +c3sTU ‘Antimony powder © 30-44 A36 70-80 30-44 35 “ 30 20-29 +026 100-120 30-44 ARR “Asbestos, ore or rock a 30-44 Ds7R ‘Asbestos, shred 20-25 45 E46xY , Ash, black, ground 105 2 7 oB3¢ Jo ‘Ashes, coal, dry, 3 inch & under 35-40 45 + peer 2 ‘Ashes, coal, wet, J inch & under 45-50 45 DésT Ashes, fy 40-45 2 20-25 437 ‘Ashes, gas-preducer, wet 8 Darr oO ‘Asphalt, binder for paving 80-85 cas 45 ‘Asphalt, crushed, 4 inch & under 45 30-44 as 23 Bagasse 7-10 45 EAsy Sa os Bakeite & similar plastics ee (powdered) 35-45 4s * pas 3 8 Barite 180 30-44 B36 eo Bark carbonate 2 s ass i *Barium carbonate filter cake n 2 36 . Barium hydrate 62-65 4a 36 ; Barium oxide 150-200 a6 ee ys *Bark, wood, refuse 10-20 43 2 E4AsvY oe Barley . 37-48 23 10-15 B2SN See ue Basalt 80-103 20-28 226 £ Bauxite, ground, dry 6 20-29 20 B26 ’ Bauxite, mine run 80-90 31 7 537 Bauxite, crushed, 3 inch & under 75-85 30-44 2 D3? ae Beans, castor, whole 36 20-29 8-10 csw Beans, castor, meal 35-40 BISW bec Beans, navy, ry s 2» as 4 @ + May vary conideraby—consult « CEMA member. 373.1 Characteristics and Conveyablty of Bulk Materials Tans 3:3 continued. ; ‘Angle of ‘Recommended Average weight repose ‘maximum Materiat (bs per cu fy) (degrees) inclination Code ‘Beans, navy, steeped © 35-40 as Beet pulp, dry 12-15 Ess Beet pulp, wet 25-45 - Eas Beets, whole 48 50 Das ‘Bentonite, crude 35-40 424s D36x Bentonite, 100 mesh & under 50-60 2 2» AS6XY Bones 34-40 45 sc46 Boneblack, 100 mesh & under 20-25 2-29 ADsy Bonechar 27-40 30-44 B36 Bonemeal 50-60 _ 30-44 B36 Borate of lime ro 30-44 3s Borax, %4-inch screenings 55-60 30-44 C36 Borax, 3 inch and under 60-70 30-44 D3 Borie acid, fine 38 20-29 Bast Bran 10-20 30-44 B3SNY Brewer's grain, spent, dry 25-30 45 cas Brewer's grain, spent, wet 35-60 45 cast Bronze chips, dry 30-50 4.57 BAT Buckwheat 37-42 25 113 B25N Calcium carbide (crushed) 70-80 30-44 bien Carbon, activated, dry, fine 8-20 20-29 B26Y Carbon black, pelletized 29-25 25 B25Q Carbon black, powder “7 30-44 *A35Y Carborundum, 3 inch and under 100 20-29 27 Casein 36 30-44 B35 Cast iron chips 90-120 4s C46 Caustic soda 88 29-43 36 : Cement, Portland 72-99 3048 20-23 A3oM Cement, Portland, aerated 60-15 AleM. Cement, rock (see limestone) 100-110 D36 Cement clinker 15-95 30-40 18-20 37 Chalk, lumpy 15-85 45 Das *Chareoal 18-25 35 20-25 D36Q Chrome ore (chromite) 125-140 30-44 D3 3] Cinders, blast furnace 37 35 18-20 *D37T . Cinders, coal 4 35 2» *D37T Clay (see also bentonite, diatomaceous earth, fullers arth, kaolin, and Marl) - = Clay, calcined 20-100 37 Clay, ceramic, dry, fines 60-80 30-44 3s Clay, dry, fines 100-120 35 20-2 a7 Clay, dry, lumpy 60-15 35 18-20 D6 Clinker, cement (see cement clinker) = a Clover seed 48 2 15 B25N Coal, anthracite, river, or culm, iS 1/8 inch and under o 35 18 B3sTY + May vary considerably—consult 8 CEMA member. 389 ‘Material Characteristics Tame 3-3 continued. ‘Angle of Recommended Average weight repose ‘maximum Moterial tbs per cu) (degrees) inclination Code Coal, anthracite, sized 55-60 2 16 C26 Coal, bituminous, mined 50 mesh ‘& under 50-54 45 m4 BAST Coal, bituminous, mined & sized 45-55 35 16 D3sT Coal, bituminous, mined, run of mine 45-55 38 18 Dast *Coal, bituminous, mined, slack, Y inch & under 43-50 0 2 ost Coal, bituminous, stripping, not cleaned 50-60 D36T Coal, lignite 40-45 38 2 D36T. Cocoa beans 30-45 30-44 €35Q Cocoa nibs 35 30-44 35 Coffee, chaff 20 20-29 B2SMY Coffee, green bean 3245 30-44 10-15 €35Q Coffee, ground 25 2B 10 B25 *Coffee, roasted bean 22-26 c25PQU Coffee, soluble 19 B4sPQ Coke, loose 23-35 30-44 18 B37QVT Coke, petroleum calcined 35-45 30-44 20 D36y Coke breeze, 4 inch and under 25-35 30-44 20-22 Ty ‘Compost 30-50 EASST Concrete, cinder 90-100 12-30 Dag Copper ore 120-150 30-44 20 *D37 Copper sulfate 75-85 3 7 D36 Cork, granulated 12-15 cas Corn, cracked 45-50 c3asw Corn, ear 56 Corn, shelled 45 a1 10 c2sNw Corn sugar 31 30-44 B35 Corn germs 21 BSW Com grits 40-45 30-44 BSW Cornmeal 32-40 35 2 B3SW Cottonseed, dry, de-tinted 22-40 29 16 sw Cottonseed, dry, not de-linted 18-25, 35 » asw Cottonseed cake, crushed 40-45 30-44 B35 Cottonseed cake, lumpy 40-45 30-44 D3sw Cottonseed hulls, 12 45 “BAS Cottonseed meal 35-40 35 2 BSW Cottonseed meats 40 30-44 BaSW Cracklings, crushed, 3 inch & under 40-50 45 Das Cryolite, dust 75-90 30-44 836 Cryolite, lumpy 90-100 30-44 D6 Cullet 80-120 30-44 20 D31z Diatomaceous earth 11-14 30-44 A36MY Dicalcium phosphate 40-50 45 Aas + May vary consderably—consult a CEMA member. 393./ Characteristics and Conveyabilty of Bulk Materials Tanue3:3 continued. ‘Angle of Recommended Average weight repose ‘maximum Material les per cu ft) __ (degrees) inclination Code Disodium phosphate 25-31 30-44 B36QT Dolomite, lumpy 80-100 30-44 2 D36 Dolomite, pulverized 46 4 B36 Earth, as excavated—dry 70-80 35 20 B36 Earth, wet, containing clay 100-110 45 23 B46 Ebonite, crushed % inch & under 65-70 30-44 3s Emery 230 20-29 Az Epsom salts 40-50 30-44 B35 Feldspar, /4-inch screenings 70-85 38 18 B36 Feldspar, 1¥4- to 3-inch lumps 90-110 34 7 D36 Feldspar, 200 mesh 100 30-44 437 Ferrous carbonate 85-90 30-44 B36 Ferrous sulfate 50-75 C36 Ferrous sulfide 120-135 20-29 C36 Filter press mud, sugar factory 70 Als Fish meal 35-40 BASW Fish scrap 40-50 EASW Flaxseed 45 2 2 B2sNW Flaxseed meal 25 30-44 BSW Flour, wheat 35-40 4 45 2 ‘A4SPN Flue dust, boiler house, dry 35-40 n AI7MTY & Fluorspar, 4-inch screenings 85-105 45 cas Fluorspar, 114- to 3-inch lumps 110-120 45 Das | Foundry refuse, old sand cores, etc. 70-100 30-44 D37Z Fallers earth, dry 30-35 23 B26 i Fuller earth, oily 60-65 20-29 B26 a Fullers earth, oil filter, burned 40 20-29 B26 Fullers earth, oil filter, raw 35-40 35 20 B26 u Galena (lead sulfide) 240-260 30-44 A36 ef Glass batch (textile fiber glass) 45-55 0-10 AI6LM Glass batch (wool & container) 80-100 30-44 20-22 D38Z Gelatin, granulated 2 20-29 €25Q Glue, ground 1/8 inch and under 40 30-44 B36 Glue, pearl 40 25 u 2s Glue, vegetable, powdered 0 30-44 Gluten meal 40 30-44 B3sP s Grain, distillery, spent, dry 30 30-44 EISWY Grain, distillery, spent, wet 40-60 45 casv . Granite, H-inch screenings 80-90 20-29 on Granite, 1- to 3-inch lumps 85-90 20-29 27 Granite, broken 95-100 30-44 Ds Graphite, flake 40 30-44 3s Graphite, flour 2 20-29 A25 Graphite ore 65-15 30-44 D37 a Grass seed 10-12 30-44 B3SNY + May vary consderably—consult a CEMA member, 40 7 aw.Material Characteristics e Tanes3:3 continued.“ ‘Angle of Recommended Average weight repose maximum Material (tbs per cufy __ (degrees) inclination Code Gravel, bank run ‘90-100 38 20 Gravel, dry, sharp 90-100 3044 15-17 D3? ‘ Gravel, pebbles 90-100 30 2 D36 Gypsum, '4-inch screenings 70-80 0 21 C36 Gypsum, 114- to 3-inch lumps 70-80 30 1s 36 Guano, dry 70 20-29 B26 Hominy 37-50 30-44 cs Hops, spent, dry 35 4s 4s Hops, spent, wet 50-55 45 EAST lee, crushed 35-45 19 Dis e Hmenite ore 140-160 30-44 : B37 Tron ore 100-200 3s 18-20 +036 , Iron ore pellets 116-130 30-44 13415 D37Q Iron sponge 100-135 30-44 Iron sulphate 50-75 30-44 3s Tron sulfide 120-135 30-44 B36 Kaolin clay, 3 inch and under 6 35 19 36 Lactose 32 30-44 A35PX \\ Lead arsenate n 45 BASR. Lead carbonate 240-260 30-44 A36MR Lead ores 200-270 30 1s *BI6RT Lead oxides 6-150 45 Bas Lead oxides, pulverized 200-250 30-44 A36 Lead siticate, granulated 230 40 B36 Lead sulfate, pulverized 184 45 BAG. Lead sulfide 240-260 30-44 36 Lignite, air-dried 45-55 30-44 035 Lime, ground, 1/8 inch and under 60-65 “a 2B B3SX ‘Lime, hydrated, 1/8 inch & under 0 40 2a B3SMX e, hydrated, pulverized 32-40 2 2 A35SMXY Lime, pebble 53-56 30 1 Das Limestone, agricultural, 1/8 inch & under 68 30-44 20 B36 Limestone, crushed 85-90 38 1B 36x Linseed cake, pea size 50 30-44 sw Linseed meal 2 34 2 BBS Magnesium chloride 33 40 cas Magnesium sulfate 40-50 30-44 q "Malt, dry, ground, 1/8 inch and 4 under 2 30-44 B3SNR Mad Malt, dry, whole 27-30 20-29 C25N pe Malt, wet or green 0-65 4s cas 3 + May vary consideably—consult @ CEMA member 413.1 Characteristics and Conveyabilty of Bulk Materials Tame 3.3 continued. i ‘Angle of Recommended Average weight repose maximum ; Material (lbs per cu fy) (degrees) inclination Code Malt, meal 36-40 30-44 B35 Manganese dioxide 80 : Manganese ore 125-140 39 2 “37 Manganese oxide 120 30-44 36 ' Manganese sulfate 70 30-44 7 Marble, crushed, 4 inch & under 80-95 30-44 Dav Marl 80 30-44 co Meat scraps 50-55 30-44 ESsvW Mica, flakes 17-22 19 BI6MY Mica, ground 13-15 34 2 *B36 Milk, dried, flaked 5-6 30-44 BSSMPY Milk, dry powder 36 45 BASP Milk, malted 30-35 45 AASPX Milk, whole, powdered 20 3044 B3SPUXY Mill Scale 100-125 45 E46T Milo maize 56 30-44 cas . *Molybdenite, powdered 107 40 25 B35 Molybdenum ore 107 40 B36 Monosodium phosphate 30 30-44 B36 Mustard seed 45-48 20-29 BSN g Nephelene syenite 90-105 30-44 3836 a Niacin 35 30-44 B36 | Nickel—cobalt sulfate ore 80-150 30-44 sDs7T ‘ Oats 26-35 2 10 cM Oats, rolled 19-24 30-44 CasNY Oil cake 48-50 45 Dasw Oxalic acid crystals 6 30-44 B35SU ‘ et Oyster shells, ground, under 44 inch 50-60 30-44 cet F (Oyster shells, whole 80 30-44 D36TV ss Paper pulp stock 40-60 9 *EISMV Peanuts, in shells 15-24 3044 D35Q Peanuts, shelled 35-45 30-44 35Q ‘ Peas, dried 45-50 CISNQ ; Petroleum coke (see coke) = = Phosphate, acid, fertilizer © 26 B B2sT Phosphate, triple super, ground fertilizer 50-55 45 0 BasT : Phosphate rock, broken, dry 75-85 25-29 12s 26 Phosphate rock, pulverized © 40 25 B36 Polyethylene pellets 35 2B B25PQ Polystyrene pellets 35 2B B25PQ Polyvinyl chloride 20-30 45 AaSKT Potash (muriate), dry 70 20-29 B27 Potash (muriate), mine run 15 30-44 37 ' Potash salts, syvite, ete 80 20-29 B2ST : + May vary considerably—consult a CEMA member. 2Many oes Material Characters Tame 3-3 continued. “Angle of Recommended Average weight “repose ‘maximum Material (ibs per cus (degrees) inclination Code Potassium carbonate 31 20-29 226 Potassium chloride, pellets 120-130 30-44 cst : Potassium nitrate 76-80 20-29 cst Potassium sulfate 42-48 4s B36X Pumice, 1/8 inch & under 40-45 45 BAT Pyrtes, iron, 2- to 3-inch lumps 135-145 20-29 D26T Pyrites, pellets 120-130 30-44 cast Quartz, Y-inch screenings 20-90 20-29 cuz Quartz, 1%4- 0 3-inch lumps 85-95 20-29 bavz, eevee puss 1 Rice, hulled or polished 45-48 9 8 Bis, © Rice, rough (402 70071 +4 36 30-44 B3SM Rice grits (2072) 24s 30-44 B35 ' Rock, crushed 125-145 20-29 D26 Rock, soft, excavated with shovel 100-110 30-44 2 D36 Rubber, pelletized 50-55 35 2 D3s Rubber, reclaim 25-30 32 8 D3s Rye 42-46 2 8 B25N Rye meal 35-40 9 BS ' Safflower cake 30 30-44 pas : Safflower meal 50 30-44 B35 i Safflower seed 45 20-29 + Bas Pe Salicylic acid 2 B2sU é Salt, common dry, coarse 40-85 18-22 cetu Salt, common dry, fine 70-80 2s 0 Dastuw Salt cake, dry, coarse 85 36 a Ba6TW ‘ Salt cake, dry, pulverized 85 20-29 B26NT Saltpeter 0 30-44 ASST Sand, bank, damp 108-130 4s 20-22 Bar Sand, bank, dry 90-110 38 16-18, B37 Sand, core 6 4a 6 B35x F Sand, foundry, prepared 80-50 30-44 24 B37 Sand, foundry, shakeout 30-100 9 2 D37 o Sand, silica, dry 30-100 20-29 10-15 Ba Sandstone, broken 85-50 30-44 D37 Sawdust 10-13, 36 2 B35 * Sesame seed, dry 2-81 20-29 B25 e Sewage (sludge) 40-50 20-29 E2sTW Sewage sludge, dried 45-55 50-44 B36 a: Sewage sludge, moist 55 30-44 B36 ae G Shale, broken 30-100 20-29 D%QZ Shale, crushed 85-90 39 2 cis J Shellac 80 45 cas a Shellac, powdered or granulated 3” B3sPY c Silica gel (silica acid), dry 48 30-44 o7u ‘ + May vary consierably—consult a CEMA member. } a3.1 Characteristics and Conveyability of Bull Materials Tae 3:3 continued, . Angleof Recommended Average weight repose ‘maximum Material (los per cufy) (degrees) inclination Code Sinter 100-135 35 *D37 Slag, blast furnace, crushed 80-90 25 10 ar Slag, furnace, granular, dry 60-65 25 13-16 2 Slag, furnace, granular, wet 4390-100 45 20-22 BAT slate, crushed, 4 inch & under 80-90 28 15 36 Slate, 1)4- to 3-inch lumps 85-95 26 Soap beads or granules 15-25 30-44 €35Q Soda ash, briquettes 50 2 7 26 Soda ash, heavy 55-65 2 19 B36 Soda’ ash, light 20-35, 37 2 A36Y Sodium aluminate, ground R 30-44 B36 Sodium aluminum sulfate 8 30-44 36 Sodium antimonate, crushed 49 31 36 Sodium nitrate 70-80 24 n *D2s Sodium phosphate 50-65 37 236 Sodium sulfite, dry 96 as BAS Sorghum seed S-, ¢ 32-52 54-933 30-44 B36 Soybeans, cracked 3 30-40 35 15-18 C36NW Soybeans, whole iit 29.24 45-50 21-28 12-16 czINw Soybean cake, over 1 inch dct: 40-43 32 7 D3sw Soybean flakes, raw Soja Zarrar® 20-26 30-44 @sy 7 ~ Soybean meal, cold 131i 3° 40 32-37 16-20 B35 Soybean meal, hot 2 40 30-44 B3ST Starch rc 25-50 24 2 B25 Steel chips, crushed 100-150 30-44 D37Wz i Steel trimmings <".~'.9 75-150 35 18 E37V Sugar, raw, cane 55-65. 45 BASTX Sugar, refined, granulated, dry 50-55 30-44 B3sPU Sugar, refined, granulated, wet 55-65 30-44 35x : Sugar, beet pulp, dry 1245 20-29 26 Sugar beet pulp, wet 25-45 20-29 26x 4 Sugar cane, knifed 15-18 45 Essv Sulfate, crushed, ‘4 inch & under 50-60 30-44 20 C35NS Sulfate, powdered 50-60 30-44 21 B3SNW Sulfate, 3 inch and under 80-85 30-44 18 D3sNS : Sunflower seed 19-38 20 C25 Taconite, pellets 116-130 36-44 13-15 D37Q Tale, Y-inch screenings 20-90 20-29 2s Tale, 1'4- to 3-inch lumps 85-95 20-29 Des Timothy seed 36 20-29 B2SNY Titanium dioxide 140 30-44 B36 i Titanium sponge 60-70 45 E47 Tobacco leaves, dry 12-14 45 E45QV Tobacco scraps 15-25 45 Dasy Tobacco stems 15 45 sy Traprock, Y4-inch screenings 90-100 30-44 7 i ‘May vary considerably--consult a CEMA member, “4 ;Material Characteristics Tans 3-3 continued. ‘Angle of Recommended Average weight repose ‘maximum Material {lbs per cu fy __ (degrees) inelination Code Traprock, 2- to 3-inch lumps 100-110 30-44 D37 Tricalcium phosphate 21-50 45+ Aas , Trisodium phosphate Ci D36 Trisodium phosphate, granular 60 30-44 n B35 ~Trisodium phosphate, pulverized 50 40 25 B35 *Urea prills, dry 43-46 25 B25, Vermiculite, expanded 16 4s Casy Vermiculite ore 70-80 2 D36Y Walnut shells, crushed 35-45 30-44 B37 Wheat 45-48 28 12 C25N Wheat, cracked 35-45 30-44 B3SN : Wheat germ, dry 18-28 20-29 B25 White lead 75-100 30-44 A36MR Wood chips 10-30 45 2 E4swY i Wood chips, hogged, fuel 15-25 45 Das ‘Wood shavings 8-15 E4sv Zine concentrates 75-80 B26 Zine ore, crushed 160 38 2 . Zinc ore, roasted 110 38 36 ¢ Zine oxide, heavy 30-35, 45-55 AaSX Zinc oxide, light 10-15 45 AASXY + May vary considerably—consull a CEMA member,