PEROXISOM

Peroxisome
isolated from liver cells by
centrifugation by Christian
Deduve (1965)
they called peroxisome
because they generate and
destroy H202

Peroxisome

(aka microbodies)
areorganellesfound in virtually
alleukaryoticcells.
are small, membrane-enclosed
organelles that contain enzymes
involved in a variety of metabolic
reactions, including several aspects
of energy metabolism
They are involved in
thecatabolismof very long chain

Structure of
Peroxisome
round or
oval vesicles surrounded
by a phospholipids bilayer

Bounded by a single membrane

Inside the vesicles contains oxidative
enzymes such as D-amino acid oxidase,
catalase and ureate oxidase.
resembles lysosome but are not the
same
Grow by incorporating proteins and
lipids.
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Characteristics of
peroxisomes
break

down substances via

oxidation
detoxify
break down fatty acids
built with proteins from
ribosomes in the cytosol
do not bud off of the
endomembrane system

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Peroxisome Functions
contain enzyme to oxidize the
organic substances like fats.
enzyme in these organelle produce
hydrogen peroxide
hydrogen peroxide is broken down
right away by the enzyme catalase
into oxygen and water
abundant in liver where they
produce bile salt and cholesterol

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Function of Peroxisome
in Plants
oxidation of fatty acids
glyoxylate cycle
photorespiration (glycolate
pathway)
degradation of purines
decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide
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Function of Peroxisome
in Human Liver

breakdown (by oxidation) of excess

fatty acids
breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2) a potentially dangerous
product of fatty acid oxidation. It is
catalyzed by the enzyme catalase.
participates in the synthesis of
cholesterol
participates in the synthesis of bile
acids
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Peroxisomal
Disorder

adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
most common peroxisomal
disorder (1 20,000)
progressive neurologic disorder
that begins at 5 to 12 years old
boys with new onset school
difficulties and ADHD
visual-spatial deficit and hearing
loss

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Peroxisomal
ZellwegarDisorder
disorders

genetic heterogeneity
dysmorphism (large fontanelle, high
forehead, micrognathia, low/broad nose,
redundant skin folds)
nueronal migration disorders and
delayed myelination
seizures
ocular abnormalities
liver disease

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