Rap Music

1980s- Run DMC, Chuck D

promote socio-political empowerment

1982

1986

a heartless criminal, fulfilling his own

destructive prophecy . . . (Jeffries 78).

Fear turned into fascination

70% of the consumers of Hip Hop culture and music

are white and the majority of corporate backing of the
Hip Hop industry is from white-owned corporations
(Rebollo-Gil and Moras).

bottom line . . . money

black violence
aggression
misogyny
materialism

far-right White
Supremacists

Unemployment Rates

African Americans and WorkPlace Discrimination

European-American Journals

post-racial

Works Cited
"Arizona Local News - Phoenix Arizona News - Phoenix Breaking
News - Azcentral.com." Azcentral. Gannett Satellite Information
Network, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2015.
Fernandes, Lily, and Nora Hadi Q Alsaeed. "African Americans
and WorkPlace Discrimination." European Journal of English Language
and Literature Studies 2.2 (2014): 56-76. European-American Journals.
July 2014. Web. Dec. 2015.
Jeffries, Michael P. Thug Life: Race, Gender, and the Meaning of
Hip-hop. Chicago: U of Chicago, 2011. Print.
Rebollo-Gil, Guillermo, and Amanda Moras. "Black Women and
Black Men in Hip Hop Music: Misogyny, Violence and the Negotiation
of (White-Owned) Space." Journal of Popular Culture 45.1 (2012):
118-32. SPORTDiscus with Full Text. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.
Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone L.L.C., n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2015.