Kin thc PLL ( Phase Locked Loop ) ton tp

September 21, 2014 by bachloxo Leave a Comment

Chnh xc PLL l g ??
PLL l vit tt ca Phase Locked Loop v c bn l mt h thng km sot tn s khp
kn. Trong , tn hiu hi tip dng kha tn s v pha ca tn hiu ra theo tn s v
pha ca tn hiu vo. PLL ngy nay c cng ngh tch hp cao lm cho PLL nh, tin cy,
gi r, d s dng, a nng, ng dng ph thng nh lc, tng hp tn s, gii iu ch,
iu ch, iu khin t ng.
C hng chc kiu vi mch PLL khc nhau, mt s ch to ph thng a dng, mt s
ng dng c bit nh tch tone, gii m stereo, tng hp tn s. Trc y a phn
PLL bao gm c mch s ln tng t. Hin nay PLL tr nn ph bin.

Khi khng c tn hiu vo vi th in p ng ra Vout = 0. b dao ng VCO hot ng

tn s Fn. ( tn s ny c ci t bng in tr t in ngoi ).
Khi c tn hiu vo vi, b tch sng pha so snh pha v tn s ca tn hiu vo vi
tn hiu VCO. Ng ra b tch sng pha l in p sai lch Vd(t), ch s sai lch v tn
s v pha ca tn hiu. in p Vd(t) c lc ly thnh phn bin i chm nh LPF,
khuch i a n ng vo VCO, iu khin tn s VCO bm theo tn s tn hiu vo.
n khi tn s fo ca VCO gn bng tn s fi, h thng hi tip lm cho VCO ng b

( kha ) theo tn s tn hiu vo. trang thi (lock) tn s fo ca VCO ng nht

( bng ) tn s vo fi, ngoi tr s sai bit pha.
V b tch sng pha: c 3 loi.
1. Loi tng t (analog phase detector) dng mch nhn hay b ( analog mix ) c tn
hiu ra t l vi tn hiu vo
2. Loi tch sng pha ly mu (sampling phase detector)
3. Loi s (digital phase detector ) Minh ch nghin cu loi ny v c trong IC PLL
CD4046 mnh ang dng. c th tham kho http://geekviet.com/tim-hieu-ic-cd-4046-plltrong-phase-locked-loop.html

V b lc thng thp LPF

Thng l bc 1. tuy nhin cng c th dng bc cao hn trit tiu AC theo yu cu.
Sau LPH ch cn thnh phn tn s rt thp (fi-fo), tn s phch (fi-f0)=0, in p phn
cc VCO c kha. Tc l b so snh pha s thc hin so snh n khi no thit lp
c ch kha ng b fi=fo. s chuyn sang ch so snh pha. S sai bit v pha
gia hai thnh phn s vo bng nhau s c bin i thnh in p iu khin VCO.
Vng kha pha hot ng chnh xc khi tn s vo fi, fo thp khong vi trm KHz tr
li.
B khuch i DC l b khuch i tn hiu bin i chm (DC), sau b lc thng thp
LPF. li khuch i kA.(Xem sch mch in t thng tin )
VCO ( Voltage Controlled Oscillator)
ao ng kim sot bng in p DC.

Hin nay cc nh sn xut tch hp tt c trong mt chip IC.