12.4. An isolated power station has the LFC system as shown in Figure 97 with the following parameters Turbine time constant rr Govemor time constant 7, Generator inertia constant H = § sec Govemor speed regulation = R per unit The load varies by 1.6 percent for a 1 percent change in frequency, ie, D = 1.6. (a) Use the Routh-Hurwitz array (Appendix B.2.1) to find the range of R for control system stability. (0) Use MATL4B rlocus function to obtain the root-locus plot. AP1(s) APres(s) APs AP APn | 1 i ~ i is ters THs+D ‘Governor Turbine Rojating mass and Ic AQ(s) 1 RE FIGURE 97 ‘LEC system block diagram of Problem 12.4. Redrawing the block diagram of Figure 97 with the load change — AP; (s) as the input and the frequency deviation AQ(s) as the output and substituting the system parameters results in the block diagram shown in Figure 98. The open-loop transfer function is K KGO)H() = Tes Twas oss +055) MOY 1 Aw(s) TessTB FIGURE 98 LFC block diagram for Problem 12.4.K 283 + 12.28? + 17.25 + 1.6 1 where K = 7 (a) The characteristic equation is given by K 1+KG(3)H(8)=14 Saya 3e 4170416 ~° which results in the characteristic polynomial equation 283 + 12.28? +17.2s+16+K =0 The Routh-Hurwitz array for this polynomual is then (see Appendix B.2.1) 2 17.2 s? | 12.2 164+K si 206.64—2K 0 . 12.2 sS]16+K 0 From the s! row, we see that for control system stability, A must be less than 103.32. Also from the s° row, K’ must be greater than —1.6. Thus, with positive values of K’, for control system stability K < 103.32 , for control system stability, the governor speed regulation must be 1 103.32 (b) Use the following commands to obtain the root-locus plot. R> R > 0.009678 g num=1; den = [2 12.2 170.2 1.6]; figure(1), rlocus(num, den)