oA ee Optimizing an Advertising Campaign 98 ‘Math 1010 Intermediate Algebra Group Project yoo Background Information: Linear: ing is a technique used for optimization of a real-world situation. Examples of optimization scat ince muxiizing the number of items that can be manufactured or minimizing the cost of production. The equation that represents the quantity to be optimized is called the ‘objective fiction, since the objective of the process is to optimize the value. In this project the objective is to maximize the mumber of people who will be reached by an advertising campaign. The objective is subject to limitations or constraints that are represented by inequalities. Limitations on the number of items that can be produced, the number of hours that workers are available, and the amount of land a farmer has for crops are examples of constraints that can be represented using inequalities. Broadcasting an infinite number of advertisements is not a realistic goal. In this project one of the constraints will be based on an advertising budget. Graphing the system of inequalities based on the constraints provides a visual representation of the possible solutions to the problem. If the graph is a closed region, it can be shown that the values that optimize the objective function will occur at ane of the "comers" of the region. The Problem: In this project your group will solve the following situation: ‘A local business plans on advertising their new product by purchasing advertisements on the tadio and on TV, The business plans to purchase at least 60 total ads and they want to have at Jeast twice as many TV ads as radio ads. Radio ads cost $20 each and TV ads cost $80 each. The advertising budget is $4320. It is estimated that each radio ad will be heard by 2000 listeners and each TV ad will be seen by 1500 people. How many of each type of ad should be purchased to maximize the number of people who will be reached by the advertisements? Modeling the Problem: Let X be the number of radio ads that are purchased and Y be the number of TV ads. 1. Write down a linear inequality for the total number of desired ads. PMO xtyalo 2, Write down a linear inequality for the cost of the ads. 20x+ Boye 43303. Recall that the business wants at least twice as many TV ads as radio ads. Write down a linear inequality thet expresses this fact. ys ax 4, There are two more constraints that mst be met. These relate to the fact that there cannot be s negative numbers of advertisements. Write the two inequalities that model these constraints: . x0 Y20 5. Next, write down the function for the number of people that will be exposed to the advertisements. This is the Objective Function for the problem. P= Qaoox +1500y You now have five linear inequalities and an objective function. These together describe the situation. This combined set of inequalities and objective function make up what is known. mathematically as a linear programming problem. Write all of the inequalities and the objective function together below. This is typically written as a list of constraints, with the objective function last. x+y24o 2OK+ BDy & 4320 Y= ax x20 y20 P Joo x+1500y6. To solve this problem, you will need to graph the intersection of all five inequalities on ‘one common XY plane. Do this on the grid below. Have the bottom left be the origin, with the horizontal axis representing X and the vertical axis representing Y. Label the ‘axes with what they represent and label your lines as you graph them. 0 2 ow wo RD R20 ya -xro 4 Wx Py = 4520 WZ -dx ni ~2oxt +1390 3e ye 9x7, The shaded region in the above graph is called the feasible region. Any (x, y) point in the region ‘corresponds to a possible number of radio and TV ads that will meet all the requirements ofthe problem. However, the values that will maximize the number of people exposed to the ads will ‘occur at one of the vertices or comers of the region. Your region should have three comers. Find the coordinates of these comers by solving the appropriate system of linear equations. Be sure to show your work and label the (x, y) coordinates of the comers in your graph. Comer of a Comer of ‘Bone Wy YR or yo AOS eH] Alxt¥0, < 4320 Ye By tS y2 2x Coente af you yrax xbYELO or y>-xalo] ar Y2—KH? 2K re race) rw “SH | yea °n> = ys-Kr5e ye * Her ol} Hen Dari 5H 5 60 xed x=20 yrs ae oi y= 2@D (4,48) 54a q y= 49 . xe ay Gao) 8. To find which number of radio and TV ads will maximize the number of people who are exposed to the business advertisements, evaluate the objective function P for each of the vertices you found, “P= 2000 (a4) + Wookie) P= ataa(#)Hs20() = Yypoo + 72900 = lkevo + 73000 = [Iao0d0 = 14000 P= 2000 (29) + 150060) = yodag + 40000 = \o0Q90 ‘Show your9. Write a sentence describing how many of each type of advertisement should be purchased and ‘what is the maximum number of people who will be exposed to the ad. The most effeckve use oF the clurtisig xX budset in feos of Peach ‘vy, e most people is 4 tern Hy oxy and dio cds, This waste (ead—about [20,900 pesple. This only costs($2a{20> in Be (-apuds 10, Reflective Writing. Give some other examples of reablife optimization problems that could be solved using linear programming.(Hint: see the exercise set for section 4.5 in your text.) Describe why it ‘would be important to understand the relationship between the individual constraints and the vertices of the graph of the feasible region. Did this project change the way you think about how algebra can be applied to the real world? State what ideas changed and why. If this project did not change the way you think, write how this project gave further evidence to support your existing opinion about applying algebra. Be specific. ipBradley Bean Reflective Writing In response to our E-porttolio project on linear programming I would like to touch on the uses of linear programming, the relationship of the constraints and the vertices, and the effect that this project had to broaden my perspective of algebraic applications in the world Linear programming is a branch of algebra that has quite a lange range of uses in everyday life, especially in businesses such as business planning, production of goods, transportation of goods, and so on. It seems to play a large role in many professional fields where efficiency is required. It is important to understand the relationship between the individual constraints and the vertices in linear programming because it I important to know what the relationship between the crossing lines on the sgraph are. For example, in this project we had vertices representing the total number of desired ads and the cost, the number of desired ads and how many of cach type of ad was desired, and the mumber of cach type of ad desired and the cost, and each of these played a large factor in determining how many people were reached by the advertisements. This project really broadened my understanding as to how at least the section of algebra relating ‘to graphing lines and linear inequalities is used in many professional aspects, as graphing is not really a mathematical skill that at first glance seems to transfer over well to business ficlds, but it seems to be very ‘important in optimization of profit or reach or a variety of other business efficiencies. ‘I wish somewhat that in this, and really in alll basic math courses, touched just a little more on the end of the road uses of the principles and elements of algebra that we leam, becanse with most math classes it often seems to students that we are learning a few useful things, but that in the long run most of ‘the things we lea don’t connect to field outside of science, technology and engineering, but as we leam_ more about the connections between math and areas such as business and politics and social issues, ‘mathematics become more intograted in oar life and more relevant in a class,