Introduction

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is the leading telecommunication

authority in Pakistan. The corporation provides telephonic and Internet services nation-wide and
is the backbone for the country's telecommunication infrastructure despite the arrival of a dozen
other telecommunication corporations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The
corporation manages and operates around 2000 telephone exchanges across the country,
providing the largest fixed-line network. Data and backbone services such as GSM, CDMA,
broadband Internet, IPTV, and wholesale are an increasing part of its business.
Originally one of the state-owned corporations (SOEs), the share holding of PTCL was reduced
to 62%, when 26% of shares and control was sold to Etisalat Telecommunications and the
remaining 12% to the general public in 2006 under an intensified privatization programme of
prime minister Shaukat Aziz. However, the 62% of shares still remain under the management of
government-ownership of state-owned corporations (SOEs) of Pakistan