COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS

(Nhng ng t bt quy tc thng dng)

Infinitive
(ng t nguyn mu)

Past tense
(Th qu kh n)

Past participle
(Qu kh phn t)

Meaning
(Ngha)

abide

abode/ abided

abode/ abided

lu tr, lu li

arise

arose

arisen

pht sinh

awake

awoke

awoken

nh thc, thc

be

was/were

been

th, l, b.

bear

bore

borne

mang, chu dng

become

became

become

tr nn

befall

befell

befallen

xy n

begin

began

begun

bt u

behold

beheld

beheld

ngm nhn

bend

bent

bent

b cong

beset

beset

beset

bao quanh

bespeak

bespoke

bespoken

chng t

bid

bid

bid

tr gi

bind

bound

bound

buc, tri

bleed

bled

bled

chy mu

blow

blew

blown

thi

break

broke

broken

p v

breed

bred

bred

nui, dy d

bring

brought

brought

mang n

broadcast

broadcast

broadcast

pht thanh

build

built

built

xy dng

burn

burnt/burned

burnt/burned

t, chy

buy

bought

bought

mua

cast

cast

cast

nm, tung

catch

caught

caught

bt, chp

chide

chid/ chided

chid/ chidden/ chided mng chi

choose

chose

chosen

cleave

clove/ cleft/ cleaved

cloven/ cleft/ cleaved ch, tch hai

cleave

clave

cleaved

dnh cht

come

came

come

n, i n

cost

cost

cost

c gi l

crow

crew/crewed

crowed

gy (g)

cut

cut

cut

ct, cht

deal

dealt

dealt

giao thip

dig

dug

dug

do

dive

dove/ dived

dived

ln; lao xung

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

chn, la

-1-

drew

drew

drawn

v; ko

dream

dreamt/ dreamed

dreamt/ dreamed

m thy

drink

drank

drunk

ung

drive

drove

driven

li xe

dwell

dwelt

dwelt

tr ng,

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

ng; ri

feed

fed

fed

cho n; n; nui;

feel

felt

felt

cm thy

fight

fought

fought

chin u

find

found

found

tm thy; thy

flee

fled

fled

chy trn

fling

flung

flung

tung; quang

fly

flew

flown

bay

forbear

forbore

forborne

nhn

forbid

forbade/ forbad

forbidden

cm on; cm

forecast

forecast/ forecasted

forecast/ forecasted

tin on

foresee

foresaw

forseen

thy trc

foretell

foretold

foretold

on trc

forget

forgot

forgotten

qun

forgive

forgave

forgiven

tha th

forsake

forsook

forsaken

rung b

freeze

froze

frozen

(lm) ng li

get

got

got/ gotten

c c

gild

gilt/ gilded

gilt/ gilded

m vng

gird

girt/ girded

girt/ girded

eo vo

give

gave

given

cho

go

went

gone

grind

ground

ground

nghin; xay

grow

grew

grown

mc; trng

hang

hung

hung

mc ln; treo ln

hear

heard

heard

nghe

heave

hove/ heaved

hove/ heaved

trc ln

hide

hid

hidden

giu; trn; np

hit

hit

hit

ng

hurt

hurt

hurt

lm au

inlay

inlaid

inlaid

cn; khm

input

input

input

a vo (my in ton)

inset

inset

inset

dt; ghp

keep

kept

kept

gi

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

-2-

kneel

knelt/ kneeled

knelt/ kneeled

qu

knit

knit/ knitted

knit/ knitted

an

know

knew

known

bit; quen bit

lay

laid

laid

t;

lead

led

led

dn dt; lnh o

leap

leapt

leapt

nhy; nhy qua

learn

learnt/ learned

learnt/ learned

hc; c bit

leave

left

left

ra i; li

lend

lent

lent

cho mn (vay)

let

let

let

cho php; cho

lie

lay

lain

nm

light

lit/ lighted

lit/ lighted

thp sng

lose

lost

lost

lm mt; mt

make

made

made

ch to; sn xut

mean

meant

meant

c ngha l

meet

met

met

gp mt

mislay

mislaid

mislaid

lc mt

misread

misread

misread

c sai

misspell

misspelt

misspelt

vit sai chnh t

mistake

mistook

mistaken

phm li, lm ln

misunderstand

misunderstood

misunderstood

hiu lm

mow

mowed

mown/ mowed

ct c

outbid

outbid

outbid

tr hn gi

outdo

outdid

outdone

lm gii hn

outgrow

outgrew

outgrown

ln nhanh hn

output

output

output

cho ra (d kin)

outrun

outran

outrun

chy nhanh hn; vt qu

outsell

outsold

outsold

bn nhanh hn

overcome

overcame

overcome

khc phc

overeat

overate

overeaten

n qu nhiu

overfly

overflew

overflown

bay qua

overhang

overhung

overhung

nh ln trn, treo l lng

overhear

overheard

overheard

nghe trm

overlay

overlaid

overlaid

ph ln

overpay

overpaid

overpaid

tr qu tin

overrun

overran

overrun

trn ngp

oversee

oversaw

overseen

trng nom

overshoot

overshot

overshot

i qu ch

oversleep

overslept

overslept

ng qun

overtake

overtook

overtaken

ui bt kp

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

-3-

overthrow

overthrew

overthrown

lt

pay

paid

paid

tr (tin)

prove

proved

proven/proved

chng minh(t)

put

put

put

t;

read

read

read

rebuild

rebuilt

rebuilt

xy dng li

redo

redid

redone

lm li

remake

remade

remade

lm li; ch to li

rend

rent

rent

toc ra; x

repay

repaid

repaid

hon tin li

resell

retold

retold

bn li

retake

retook

retaken

chim li; ti chim

rewrite

rewrote

rewritten

vit li

rid

rid

rid

gii thot

ride

rode

ridden

ci

ring

rang

rung

rung chung

rise

rose

risen

ng dy; mc

run

ran

run

chy

saw

sawed

sawn

ca

say

said

said

ni

see

saw

seen

nhn thy

seek

sought

sought

tm kim

sell

sold

sold

bn

send

sent

sent

gi

sew

sewed

sewn/sewed

may

shake

shook

shaken

lay; lc

shear

sheared

shorn

xn lng cu

shed

shed

shed

ri; rng

shine

shone

shone

chiu sng

shoot

shot

shot

bn

show

showed

shown/ showed

cho xem

shrink

shrank

shrunk

co rt

shut

shut

shut

ng li

sing

sang

sung

ca ht

sink

sank

sunk

chm; ln

sit

sat

sat

ngi

slay

slew

slain

st hi; git hi

sleep

slept

slept

ng

slide

slid

slid

trt; lt

sling

slung

slung

nm mnh

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

-4-

slink

slunk

slunk

ln i

smell

smelt

smelt

ngi

smite

smote

smitten

p mnh

sow

sowed

sown/ sewed

gieo; ri

speak

spoke

spoken

ni

speed

sped/ speeded

sped/ speeded

chy vt

spell

spelt/ spelled

spelt/ spelled

nh vn

spend

spent

spent

tiu si

spill

spilt/ spilled

spilt/ spilled

trn ra

spin

spun/ span

spun

quay si

spit

spat

spat

khc nh

spoil

spoilt/ spoiled

spoilt/ spoiled

lm hng

spread

spread

spread

lan truyn

spring

sprang

sprung

nhy

stand

stood

stood

ng

stave

stove/ staved

stove/ staved

m thng

steal

stole

stolen

nh cp

stick

stuck

stuck

ghim vo; nh

sting

stung

stung

chm ; chch; t

stink

stunk/ stank

stunk

bc mui hi

strew

strewed

strewn/ strewed

rc , ri

stride

strode

stridden

bc si

strike

struck

struck

nh p

string

strung

strung

gn dy vo

strive

strove

striven

c sc

swear

swore

sworn

tuyn th

sweep

swept

swept

qut

swell

swelled

swollen/ swelled

phng ; sng

swim

swam

swum

bi; li

swing

swung

swung

ong a

take

took

taken

cm ; ly

teach

taught

taught

dy ; ging dy

tear

tore

torn

x; rch

tell

told

told

k ; bo

think

thought

thought

suy ngh

throw

threw

thrown

nm ; ling

thrust

thrust

thrust

thc ;nhn

tread

trod

trodden/ trod

gim ; p

unbend

unbent

unbent

lm thng li

undercut

undercut

undercut

ra gi r hn

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

-5-

undergo

underwent

undergone

kinh qua

underlie

underlay

underlain

nm di

underpay

undercut

undercut

tr lng thp

undersell

undersold

undersold

bn r hn

understand

understood

understood

hiu

undertake

undertook

undertaken

m nhn

underwrite

underwrote

underwritten

bo him

undo

undid

undone

tho ra

unfreeze

unfroze

unfrozen

lm tan ng

unwind

unwound

unwound

tho ra

uphold

upheld

upheld

ng h

upset

upset

upset

nh ; lt

wake

woke/ waked

woken/ waked

thc gic

waylay

waylaid

waylaid

mai phc

wear

wore

worn

mc

weave

wove/ weaved

woven/ weaved

dt

wed

wed/ wedded

wed/ wedded

kt hn

weep

wept

wept

khc

wet

wet / wetted

wet / wetted

lm t

win

won

won

thng ; chin thng

wind

wound

wound

qun

withdraw

withdrew

withdrawn

rt lui

withhold

withheld

withheld

t khc

withstand

withstood

withstood

cm c

work

wrought / worked

wrought / worked

rn (st)

wring

wrung

wrung

vn ; sit cht

write

wrote

written

vit

Compiled by Do Quoc Khanh

-6-