ALU

Chip (ICIntegrated Circuit)

MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second )CPU

CPUI/O
2

(ALU)

CPU

PC()

90 CPU
Operands

BIOS CPU I/O BIOS

BIOS
I/O Buffer CPU

CPU

(Accumulator)

CPU CPU

(Instruction RegisterIR)
(Program CounterPC)

N (N ) 2 N
16 2 16 = 2 6 2 10 = 64K

CPURAMROM I/O port

(Data Bus)

CPU

(Address Bus)

CPU

CPU

(Control Bus)

CPU

(bit)
(Byte)1Byte=8bits

1 KB

1 MB

1 GB

1 TB

2 10 Byte

2 20 Byte

2 30 Byte

2 40 Byte

1us

1ns (Nano-second)

1ps (Pico-secnond)

10 -6s

10 -9s

10 -12 s

RAM(Random Access MemoryRAM)

(Dynamic)DRAM (Static)SRAM

SRAM CPU DRAM (Cache

Memory)
CPU
L1( CPU ) L2 (
)
CPU
DDRAM(Double Data Rate SRAM DDR)
SDRAM
ROM(Read Only MemoryROM)

BIOS(/)
ROM

Mask ROM

ROM

PROM

EPROM


EEPROM

()
(Flash)

(Flash) EEPROM
(Firmware) ROM(PROMEPROMEEPROM )
(Functional Program)
(Virtual Memory)

Cache Memory CPU

()(CACHE) CPU

(Secondary)>(Main
Memory)>(Virtual Memory)>(Cache Memory)

FLOPPYDISKCD-RW Tape ()

> CD-ROM >>

Register > Cache > Main Memory >>Hard Disk>CD-ROM>

(Cluster)
3
TB

MFMAT-BUSESDISCSISATA 5
SCSI

5.25 1.2Mbytes

3.5 (Open)

CD-ROM

(Format)

(Access Time)(Pick-up Head)

B4 A4

(ROM)

FF(Form Feed)
MGP()

400DPI(DPI: Dot Per Inch ) 400

5

DPI LPS()PPM()

Low Radiation

(Pixel)
Vertical hole Horizon
hole
MGP
(CRT)

Mouse

PCIISAVESAUSB1394AGP
IEEE 1394 USB
USB(Universal Serial Bus)

12~480Mbps
7mm1mm
USB USB USB
Windows ( Windows)
I/O (2S1P) 2S1P2 Serial 1 Parallel
PCI 32

(POST) ROM

(RAM)
CPU
BIOS FDCFDDDMA

Power Supply
110/220 AC 5V 12V

ATX -5V+5V-12V+12V

1. ( )

CPU

(4)

(1) CPU CPU

(2) MHz Celeron950

Duron800 950MHz 800MHz

GHz Pentium43.2GDuron1.8G

(3)
(4)

2. ( )

CPU
(1) CPU Hyper-Threading CPU
CPU
x2 64 CPU

(2)
(2)

(3) CPU 32

(4) CPU

CPU
Hyper-Threading
SMTSimultaneous Multi Threading
multi-threaded

3. ( )

(1) DDR2

(2)

1GB

(3)

(3)

L1~L2 (4) L1

L1 CPU
4. ( )

Tera Byte (1) (2)CPU (3) (1)

(4)

1 TeraByte =2 10 GigaBytes = 2 20 MB

5. ( )

MPEG

(2)

(1)MPEG Layer1 bitrate 112 128 kbit/s 12:1 10:1

(2)MPEG Layer2 bitrate 192 256 kbit/s 8:1 6:1
(3)MPEG Layer3 bitrate 384 kbit/s 4:1 (4)MPEG Layer4

MP3 MPEG-1/Audio Layer 3 Moving Picture Experts

Group-1 Layer 3 MPEG-1
MPEG Layer 1MPEG Layer 2MPEG Layer 3
Layer 2 MP3 MPEG Layer 3
CD
Layer (bitrate)
Layer
Layer 1 1:4 384 kbps
Layer 2 1:6 1:8 192~256 kbps
Layer 3 1:10 1:12 128kbps