JNTU Petroelum Engineering Syllabus

Petroleum Engineering
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
COURSE STRUCTURE
AND
DETAILED SYLLABUS
PETROLEUM
ENGINEERING
For
B.TECH. FOUR YEAR DEGREE COURSE
(Applicable for the batches admitted from 2010-2011)
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

KAKINADA - 533 003, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
2010-2011
Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Regular)

(Effective for the students admitted in to I year from the Academic
Year 2010-2011 and onwards)
1.
Award of B.Tech. Degree
A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech.

Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations.
(a) Pursued a course of study for not less than four academic years
and not more than eight academic years. However, the student
is permitted to write Supplementary examinations for two more
years, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degree
within 10 academic years.
(b) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 208
credits and secure 200 credits with compulsory subjects:
(compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e.
the student shall pass all laboratory examinations and project
work)
2. Students, who fail to complete their Four years Course of study
within Eight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award of
the degree within ten academic years from the year of their admission,
shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shall
stand cancelled.
3.
Courses of study
The following courses of study are offered at present for specialization

in the B.Tech. Course.
S. No. Branch
Branch
Code
Abbreviation
01
02
03
04
05
01-CE
02-EEE
03-ME
04-ECE
05-CSE
Civil Engineering
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17.
08-CHEM Chemical Engineering

10-EIE
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
11-BME Bio Medical Engineering
12-IT
Information Technology
19-ECom.E Electronics and Computer Engineering
21-AE
Aeronautical Engineering
23-BT
Bio Technology
24-AME Auto Mobile Engineering
25-PCE
Petrochemical Engineering
26-MM
Mining
27-PT
Petroleum Technology / Petroleum Engineering
31-MtE
Metallurgical Engineering
And any other course as approved by the authorities of the University

from time to time.
4. Distribution and Weightage of Marks
(i)
The performance of a student in each semester shall be evaluated

subject wise with a maximum of 100 marks for theory and 75
marks for practical subject. The project work shall be evaluated
for 200 marks.
(ii) For theory subjects the distribution shall be 25 marks for Internal
Evaluation and 75 marks for the End - Examinations.
(iii) Out of 25 internal marks 15 marks are assigned for subjective
exam, 10 marks for objective On Line exam.
(iv.) For theory subjects, during the semester there shall be 2 tests.
Each test consists of 20 minutes duration objective On Line
exam for 10 marks and 120 minutes duration subjective exam
for 40 marks. The Objective exam marks for 10 and subjective
exam marks scaled for 15 to be added to get test marks for 25
The best of the two tests will be taken for internal marks. The
first test to be conducted in 1-4 units and second test in 5-8 units
of each semester.
Each Objective question paper shall contain 20 objective type
questions for 10 marks. This examination is conducted on line
2010-2011
to train the student for on line examinations such as GRE, GMAT

etc.
Each subjective type test question paper shall contain 4 questions
and all questions need to be answered. The subjective type
question paper should be for 40 marks.
(v.) For practical subjects there shall be continuous evaluation during
the semester for 25 marks for internal exam and 50 marks for
semester end examination. Of the 25 marks for internal, 15 marks
shall be awarded as follows: day to day work 10 and Record-5,
and 10 marks to be awarded by conducting an internal laboratory
test. The end examination shall be conducted by the teacher
concerned and external examiner.
(vi.) For the subject having design and / or drawing, (such as
Engineering Graphics, Engineering Drawing, Machine Drawing)
and estimation, the distribution shall be 25 marks for internal
evaluation ( 15 marks for day to day work, and 10 marks for
internal tests) and 75 marks for end examination. There shall be
two internal tests in a Semester and the better of the two shall
be considered for the award of marks for internal tests.
(vii.) Out of a total of 200 marks for the project work, 50 marks shall
be for Internal Evaluation and 150 marks for the End Semester
Examination. The End Semester Examination (Viva Voce) shall
be conducted by the committee. The committee consists of an
external examiner, Head of the Department and Supervisor of
the Project. The evaluation of project work shall be conducted
at the end of the IV year. The Internal Evaluation shall be on the
basis of two seminars given by each student on the topic of his
project and evaluated by an internal committee.
(viii) Laboratory marks and the internal marks awarded by the College
are not final. The marks are subject to scrutiny and scaling by
the University wherever felt desirable. The internal and laboratory
marks awarded by the College will be referred to a Committee.
The Committee shall arrive at scaling factor and the marks will
be scaled as per the scaling factor. The recommendations of the
Committee are final and binding. The laboratory records and

internal test papers shall be preserved in the respective
departments as per the University norms and shall be produced
to the Committees of the University as and when they ask for.
5. Attendance Requirements:
(i.)
A student shall be eligible to appear for University examinations

if he acquires a minimum of 75% of attendance in aggregate of
all the subjects.
(ii.) Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10%

(65% and above and below 75%) in each semester for genuine
reasons and shall be approved by a committee duly appointed by
the college. The condonation approved or otherwise can be
reviewed by the University.
(iii.) A Student will not be promoted to the next semester unless he
satisfies the attendance requirement of the present semester.
They may seek re-admission for that semester when offered
next.
(iv.) Shortage of Attendance below 65% in aggregate shall in
NO case be condoned.
(v.) Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in any
semester are not eligible to take their end examination of that
class and their registration shall stand cancelled.
(vi.) A fee stipulated by the university shall be payable towards
condonation of shortage of attendance.
6. Minimum Academic Requirements:
The following academic requirements have to be satisfied in addition
to the attendance requirements mentioned in item No. 5.
(i.)
A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum

academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each
theory or practical, design or drawing subject or project if he
secures not less than 35% of marks in the end examination and
a minimum of 40% of marks in the sum total of the internal
evaluation and end examination taken together.
2010-2011
(ii.) A student will be promoted to second year, if he put up the

minimum attendance requirement.
(iii.) A student shall be promoted from II to III year only if he fulfills
the academic requirement of total 48 credits from regular and
supplementary examinations of I year and II year examinations,
irrespective of whether the candidate takes the examination or
not.
(iv.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth year only
if he fulfills the academic requirements of total 76 credits from
regular and supplementary examinations of I Year, II Year and
III Year examinations, irrespective of whether the candidate takes
the examinations or not.
(v.) A student shall register and put up minimum attendance in all
208 credits and earn at least 200 credits. Marks obtained in the
best of 200 credits shall be considered for the calculation of
percentage of marks.
(vii.) Students, who fail to complete their Four year Course study within
Eight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award of
the degree within ten academic years from the year of their
admission, shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their
admission shall stand cancelled.
7. Course pattern:
(i.) The entire course of study is of four academic years and each
year will have TWO Semesters (Total EIGHT Semesters).
(ii.) A student eligible to appear for the end examination in a subject,
but absent for it or has failed in the end examinations may appear
for that subjects supplementary examinations, when offered.
(iii.) When a student is detained due to lack of credits / shortage of
attendance, he may be re-admitted when the semester is offered
after fulfillment of academic regulations. Whereas the academic
regulations hold good with the regulations he/she first admitted.
8. Award of Class:
After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion
of the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. Tech
Degree and shall be placed in one of the following grades:
Class Graded % of marks to be secured
E
D
C
B
A
O
40% to < 50%

50% to < 60%
60% to < 70 %
70 % to < 80 %
80 % to < 90%
90 and above
From the
aggregate
marks secured
from the best
200 Credits.
(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shown

separately in the marks memorandum)
9. Minimum Instruction Days:
The minimum instruction days for each semester shall be 95 clear
instruction days.
10. There shall be no branch transfer after the completion of admission
process.
11. There shall be no transfer within the Constituent Colleges.
12. General:
(i.) Where the words he him his, occur in the regulations,
they include she, her, hers.
(ii.) The academic regulation should be read as a whole for the purpose
of any interpretation.
(iii.) In the case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the
above rules, the decision of the Vice Chancellor is final.
(iv.) The University may change or amend the academic regulations
or syllabi at any time and the changes or amendments made
shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the dates
notified by the University.
2010-2011
Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Lateral Entry

Scheme)
(Effective for the students getting admitted into II year from the
Academic Year 2011- 2012 and onwards)
1. Award of B. Tech. Degree
A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech.
Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations.
(a.) Pursued a course of study for not less than three academic years
and not more than six academic years. However, the student is
permitted to write Supplementary examinations for two more
years, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degree
within 8 academic years.
(b.) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 170
credits and secure 162 credits with compulsory subjects:
(compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e.,
the students i.e. the student shall pass all laboratory examinations
and project work.
2. Students, who fail to complete their three year Course of study
within six years or fail to acquire the 162 Credits for the award of the
degree within 8 academic years from the year of their admission,
shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shall
stand cancelled.
3. Promotion Rule:
(a.) A lateral entry student will be promoted from II year to III year
if he puts up the minimum required attendance in II year.
(b.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth only if he
fulfills the academic requirements of 56 credits from the II Year
and III Year examinations, whether the candidate takes the
examinations or not.
4. Award of Class:
After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion
of the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. Tech
Degree and shall be placed in one of the following grades:

Class Graded % of marks to be secured
E
D
C
B
A
O
40% to < 50%

50% to < 60%
60% to < 70 %
70 % to < 80 %
80 % to < 90%
90 and above
From the
aggregate
marks secured
from the best
162 Credits.
(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shown

separately in the marks memorandum)
5.
All other regulations as applicable for B. Tech. Four- year degree

course (Regular) will hold good for B.Tech. (Lateral Entry
Scheme)
10
2010-2011
DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICES /

IMPROPER CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONS
Nature of Malpractices/Improper Punishment
conduct
1 (a)
If the candidate possesses or keeps

accessible in examination hall, any
paper, note book, programmable
calculators, Cell phones, pager,
palm computers or any other form
of material concerned with or related
to the subject of the examination
(theory or practical) in which he is
appearing but has not made use of
(material shall include any marks on
the body of the candidate which can
be used as an aid in the subject
of the examination)
Expulsion from the

examination hall and
cancellation of the
performance in that subject
only.
(b)
If the candidate gives assistance or

guidance or receives it from any
other candidate orally or by any
other body language methods or
communicates through cell phones
with any candidate or persons in or
outside the exam hall in respect of
any matter.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of the
only of all the candidates
involved. In case of an
outsider, he will be handed
over to the police and a case
is registered against him.
If the candidate has copied in the

examination hall from any paper,
book, programmable calculators,
palm computers or any other form
of material relevant to the subject of
the examination (theory or practical)
in which the candidate is appearing.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of the
and all other subjects the
candidate has already
appeared including practical
examinations and project
work and shall not be
permitted to appear for the
11
remaining examinations of
the subjects of that
Semester/year.
The Hall Ticket of the
candidate is to be cancelled
and sent to the University.
If the candidate impersonates any The candidate who has

other candidate in connection with impersonated shall be
the examination.
expelled from examination
hall. The candidate is also
debarred and forfeits the
seat. The performance of
the original candidate, who
has been impersonated,
shall be cancelled in all the
subjects of the examination
(including practicals and
project work) already
appeared and shall not be
allowed to appear for
examinations of the
remaining subjects of that
semester/year.
The
candidate is also debarred
for two consecutive
semesters from class work
and
all
University
examinations.
The
continuation of the course
by the candidate is subject
to the academic regulations
in connection with
forfeiture of seat. If the
imposter is an outsider, he
will be handed over to the
police and a case is
registered against him.
12
2010-2011
If the candidate smuggles in the

Answer book or additional sheet or
takes out or arranges to send out
the question paper during the
examination or answer book or
additional sheet, during or after the
examination.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of performance
in that subject and all the
other
subjects
the
appeared
including
practical examinations and
project work and shall not
be permitted for the
semester/year.
The
for two consecutive
and
all
University
examinations.
The
in connection with
forfeiture of seat.
If the candidate uses objectionable, Cancellation of the

abusive or offensive language in the performance in that subject.
answer paper or in letters to the
examiners or writes to the examiner
requesting him to award pass marks.
If the candidate refuses to obey the

orders of the Chief Superintendent/
Assistant -Superintendent / any
officer on duty or misbehaves or
creates disturbance of any kind in
and around the examination hall
or organizes a walk out or instigates
others to walk out, or threatens the
officer-in charge or any person on
In case of students of the

college, they shall be
expelled from examination
halls and cancellation of
their performance in that
subject and all other
subjects the candidate(s)
has (have) already appeared
and shall not be permitted
13
duty in or outside the examination

hall of any injury to his person or to
any of his relations whether by
words, either spoken or written or
by signs or by visible
representation, assaults the officerin-charge, or any person on duty in
or outside the examination hall or
any of his relations, or indulges in
any other act of misconduct or
mischief which result in damage
to or destruction of property in the
examination hall or any part of the
College campus or engages in any
other act which in the opinion of the
officer on duty amounts to use of
unfair means or misconduct or has
the tendency to disrupt the orderly
conduct of the examination.
to appear for the remaining

examinations of the
subjects of that semester/
year. The candidates also
are debarred and forfeit
their seats. In case of
outsiders, they will be
handed over to the police
and a police case is
registered against them.
If the candidate leaves the exam hall

taking away answer script or
intentionally tears of the script or
any part thereof inside or outside
the examination hall.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of performance
in that subject and all the
other
subjects
the
appeared
including
semester/year.
The
for two consecutive
and
all
University
examinations.
The
14
2010-2011
in connection with
forfeiture of seat.
If the candidate possesses any

lethal weapon or firearm in the
examination hall.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of the
appeared
including
semester/year.
The
and forfeits the seat.
If a student of the college, who is

not a candidate for the particular
examination or any person not
connected with the college
indulges in any malpractice or
improper conduct mentioned in
clause 6 to 8.
Student of the college,

expulsion from the
cancellation of the
appeared
including
semester/year.
The
and forfeits the seat.
15
Person(s) who do not
belong to the College will be
handed over to police and a
police case will be
registered against them.
10
If the candidate comes in a drunken

condition to the examination hall.
Expulsion from the

cancellation of the
appeared
including
semester/year.
11
Copying detected on the basis of

internal evidence, such as, during
valuation or during special scrutiny.
Cancellation of the
candidate has appeared
including
practical
examinations and project
work of that semester/year
examinations.
12
If any malpractice is detected which

is not covered in the above clauses
1 to 11 shall be reported to the
University for further action to
award suitable punishment.
16
2010-2011
Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators:

1.
Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.
2.
Punishment for institutions : (if the squad reports that the college is
also involved in encouraging malpractices)
(i)
A show cause notice shall be issued to the college.
(ii)
Impose a suitable fine on the college.
(iii) Shifting the examination center from the college to another college
for a specific period of not less than one year.
Malpractice identified at Nodal Center/Spot Center during valuation
The following procedure is to be followed in the case of malpractice cases
detected during valuation, scrutiny etc. at Nodal Center/Spot Center.
(i)
A notice regarding the malpractice, is to be served to the candidate

(i)
Through the Principal of the concerned college,
(ii)
To his/her college address
(iii) To his/her permanent address.

(ii) A committee consisting of the following is to be constituted at
nodal center to process such malpractice cases and the
recommendations of the malpractice committee are to be sent to
the University.
1.
Nodal Officer
Chairman
2.
Principal of the concerned college
Member
3.
Chief examiner of that subject/Subject

expert from Nodal Centre
Member
OIE of nodal centre
Convener
4.
***
17
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, KAKINADA

PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
COURSE STRUCTURE
IYEAR
I SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
English I
Mathematics - I
Engineering Physics I
Engineering Chemistry I
C Programming
Environmental Studies
Engineering Physics & Engineering

Chemistry Laboratory -I
Engineering Workshop
(Carpentry, Fitting, House wiring, )
C Programming Lab
10
English - Communication Skills Lab - I
Total
20
IYEAR
II SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
English II
Mathematics II
Engineering Physics II
Engineering Chemistry II
Engineering Drawing
Mathematical Methods
Engineering Physics & Engineering

Chemistry Laboratory -II
English - Communication Skills Lab - II
IT Workshop
Total
18
18
2010-2011
IIYEAR
I SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
Mathematics-III
General Geology
Surveying
Elements of Mechanical Engineering
Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Chemical Process Calculations
Basic Engineering (Mech + Elec)Lab
Geology Lab & Surveying Lab
English Communication Practice-I
10
Professional Ethics & Morals -I
Total
29
IIYEAR
II SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
Probability & Statistics
Petroleum Geology
Materials Science
Momentum Transfer
Process Heat Transfer
Thermodynamics for Petroleum Engineers
Momentum Transfer Lab
Process Heat Transfer Lab
English Communication Practice-II
10
Professional Ethics & Morals -II
Total
29
19
IIIYEAR
I SEMESTER
S. No. Subject
P Credits
Petroleum Exploration
Well Logging & Formation Evaluation
Drilling Technology
Petroleum Refinery & Petrochemical Engg.
Process Instrumentation
Process Dynamics & Control
Instrumentation & Process control lab
Petroleum Analysis Lab
IPR & Patents-I
10
Industrial Visits
Total
28
IIIYEAR
II SEMESTER
S. No. Subject
P Credits
Well Completions & Testing
Petroleum Reservoir Engineering
Petroleum Production Engineering
Natural Gas Engineering
Surface Production Operations
Petroleum Industry: Management,

Strategy & Finance
Drilling Fluids Lab
Drilling Simulation Lab
IPR & Patents-II
10
Summer Training (4-6 weeks)
Total
28
20
2010-2011
IVYEAR
I SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
1
2
3
4
5
Transport Phenomena
Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Oil & Gas Processing Plant Design
HSE & FF in Petroleum Industry
Open Elective(for the students of other branches)
* Fundamentals of Petroleum industry
* Green Fuel Technologies
* Energy Management
Elective I
* Offshore Engineering
* Pipeline Engineering
* Coal Bed Methane Engineering
Petroleum Equipment Design & Simulation Lab
Reservoir Engineering Lab
Presentation of Summer Training Report
Total
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
-
3
3
-
4
2
2
2
30
7
8
9
IVYEAR
II SEMESTER
S. No.
Subject
P Credits
1
2
Petroleum Economics, Policies & Law

Elective II
* Reservoir Modeling & Simulation
* Horizontal Well Technology
* Reservoir Stimulation
Elective-III
* Separation Processes
* Natural Gas Processing
* Natural Gas Hydrates
Elective IV
* Chemical Reaction Engineering
* Computational Fluid Dynamics
* Petroleum Biotechnology
Project work
Total
4
10
26
21

I Year B. Tech Petroleum Engineering I Sem.
ENGLISH SYLLABUS FOR SEMESETERS I & II
Introduction
The major challenge of a language teaching in a technical institution is to
prepare the student for employability through imparting language skills to
develop communicative competence. The proficiency in English language is
closely linked to good communication skills more so in the recent times
when employability is at stake for want of communication skills on the part
of the students. Since skills and personal attributes are revealed through
communication, the responsibility of grooming students in life skills is also
emphasized as part of language teaching and learning.
The core key skills needed are:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
Communication
Team Work
Problem Solving
Learning Skills
The personal attributes to be groomed are:

i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)
ix)
x)
Adaptability
Commitment
Enthusiasm
Stress Management
Integrity
Sense of Humour
Self-Motivation
Reliability
Self-esteem
Personal Presentation
Since the inception of the Board of Studies for English, effort to design a
Course Structure that would cater to the needs of a wide range of learner
groups has been made. It was felt by the Board that the Course Structure
has to take into consideration the above criteria and therefore the objectives
of the Language course ought to be much focused.
22
2010-2011
Objectives
1:
To improve the language proficiency of technical under graduates in

English with emphasis on LSRW skills.
1.1: To provide learning environment to practice listening, speaking,
reading, and writing skills within and beyond the classroom
environment.
1.2: To assist the students to carry on the tasks and activities through
guided instructions and materials.
2:
To effectively integrate English language learning with employability

skills and training.
2.1: To design the main course material and exercises with authentic
materials drawn from everyday use to cater to everyday needs.
The material may be culled from newspaper articles,
advertisements, promotional material etc.
2.2: To provide hands-on experience through case-studies, miniprojects, group & individual presentations.
Chapter /
Grammar &
vocabulary
Listening & speaking
Dialogues from situations related to what

Writing and analysis
has been encountered
in the reading passages.; the dialogues
may now be Instructions on how to lay
out a piece of used in a
role-play, and in
groups, writing, and
exercises where students
may analyze
them for meaning are
asked to generate their
own write-and implications, and ultimately
engage in ups dialogues of their own
making.
Reading &
comprehension
Reading comprehension based on the

passage(s): multiplechoice questions asking students to derive
sense of a word from
the context provided
by a sentence, short
questions asking students to sum up the
key points of a passage, encouraging students to address not
only explicit statement but also implied
meaning.
Objectives achieved
Core skills and
personal attributes through the exercises
developed through the
exercises
A three-tier system,
allowing the student to
work through self-assessment, assessment
by peers, and finally,
assessment by the
teacher.
Plan of evaluation
Each chapter will be structured with a short passage or collage of passages for reading. All further exercises and
activities will draw upon the broad subject of the passage(s), and use functional and situational approach
23
Chapter 1 .Read
& Proceed
The importance of
the language used for
communication:
Understanding the
need for English in
the wider world, and
the opportunities
afforded by a strong
command of the
language
Assessing ones level
within the language,
and understanding the
ways in which grasp of
the language can be
bettered
Understanding the
basic structure of the
sentence. English:
subject verb object - Functional
grammar exercise:
Students may discuss
in groups or pairs
when, why and where
English is used. What,
for example, if they
have to face a job in
Short extracts from:

1.An interview with
Arundhati Roy
2.Jawaharlal Nehrus
Tryst with Destiny
speech
3.Albert Einsteins
essay The World As
I See It
Sentences Understanding and using the basic

structure of the sentence in English (subject verb object);
creating sentences;
understanding the different kinds of sentences (whether a
statement, or a question, or an exclamation, and so on)
Small conversations between :

1.A student and a
hostel warden
2.An interviewer and
an interviewee
3.Two friends
together preparing
for an oral
examination at
college
Communication
teamwork, problem
solving, learning
skills
Enhanced
learnerparticipation,
development of
linguistic
proficiency
Both
Teachers
Manual
and
Sample
Test
Questions will
be
pr ovided]
24
2010-2011
Chapter 3. Gender
Verbs and adverbs:
Understanding the
placement of a verb
within a sentence
Understanding tenses
Understanding the use
of adverbs to describe
verbs
Functional grammar
exercise:
Students may be asked
to consider recent
news headlines for remarkable stories involving women. How
are either the events
or the women remark
tion?
Potential areas of focus and evaluation:
Changing nouns to
the related adjectives
Changing adjectives
to the related nouns
Replacing nouns with
pronouns while retaining the meaning of the
sentence
Reading and analysis
of short extracts from
four newspaper/journal
pieces:
1. The Telegraph
report on the 20year old Burdwan
girl who walked out
of her marriage in
revolt of her in-laws
demands for dowry
2. A perspective on
astronaut Kalpana
Chawlas achievemen t
3.The inspirational
story of a young
woman who survived
Essays and arguments

Understanding that an
essay or argument is a
descriptive or persuasive piece of writing
that needs to be organized as a succession
of paragraphs; introducing the chief concerns in the first paragraph, and providing
a layout of how the
argument is going to
be structured; developing the main thrust of
the argument in the
succeeding paragraphs;
making smooth tran
Short
exchanges
be twe e n:
1 .Two friends, on an
issue of contemporary interest
2 .A reporter and a
talk-show guest
3. A teacher and a
student in school
Communication,
teamwork, commitment, integrity, selfmotivation, selfesteem
Enhanced
development of
linguistic
proficiency,
development of
critical
thinking
[Both
Teachers
Manual
and
Sample
Test
Questions
will be
provided]
25
able? What have these

women done, or what
do they do? What
words of action are
used to talk about the
accomplishments of
the women? How are
actions of the past differentiated from actions of the present
and actions yet to be
performed? How (using what adverbs) are
those actions qualified?
Potential areas of focus and evaluation:
Changing verbs to the
related adverbs
Changing adverbs to
the related verbs
Using verbs in their
correct tenses, deriving the sense from
the rest of the sentence.
child-marriage
4.Sudha Murthys
write on what it is
possible for women
to achieve
sitions between ideas

and paragraphs(using
appropriate connecting words or phrases);
winding to a conclusion by drawing the
various strings of the
argument together
26
2010-2011
Chapter 4. Disaster Reading and analysis

M anag e me nt
of a short piece on the
Articles and punctua- tsunami
tion:
Understanding the
uses of a, an, and
the
Understanding the
uses of words/phrases
expressing quantity,
like some, a bit
of, more, etc.
Understanding and
using correct
punctuation to
convey meaning
Functional grammar
exercise:
to imagine that in the
aftermath of a natural disaster, they are
part of a relief team
effort. When asked to
effectively identify
the needs of the situation, how do they plan
to go about providing
necessary aid? Is an
ambulance to be ar
Official letters and

emails
Effectively using the
format of official
communication: providing ones own address and contact details, documenting the
date and place from
which the communication is sent, the salutation used for the addressee, the main body
of the letter or email
(keeping it comprehensive but to the
point), and signing off
Dialogues between:
1.a social worker and
an earthquake victim
2.two doctors working
in an area afflicted
by natural disaster
3.two school
students campaigning
to raise relief money
Communication,
teamwork, problem
solving, adaptability,
stress management,
reliability, integrity
Enhanced
development of
linguistic
proficiency,
functional
approach
to
problem
solving,
enabling
group
work
[Both
Teachers
Manual
and
Sample
Test
Questions
will be
provided]
27
Chapter 5 Health
Pr epositio ns,
conjunctions and
e xc lamatio ns:
Understanding the
use of prepositions
words that connect
verbs with their
objects
Understanding that
certain verbs
use certain prepositions
Understanding the
uses of common
prepositions: to, for,
at, by, of, and so on
Understanding the
uses of conjunctions
and exclamations
ranged for? Or a medical tent set up? Are

adequate
first-aid
supplies available? Do
more rations need to
be fetched? Could
there be a tie-up with
an overseas relief organization?
of three different
kinds of writing, and
comparisons between
them:
1 .A Government of
India report on the
success
of
nationwide campaigns
for polio vaccination
2 .A vegetarians
perspective on what
makes for
healthy living
3 .An athletes say on
the benefits of lifelong exercise
Reports
Learning the difference between an essay,
for example, and a report; learning to identify the key points of
an event or incident,
and
documenting
them briefly but in a
manner that conveys
both the temper and
the unfolding of the
event; understanding
what is meant by a
target readership,
and learning to tailor
the piece to the needs
of that readership
Brief
exchanges
be twe e n:
1 .A father and his
son/daughter, as
he explains the
importance of
staying fit
2 .A friends
discussing the
ideal diet
3 .A campus
counsellor and a
student
Personal
presentation, stress-management, commitment,
enthusiasm,, self-motiva tion
Development of
linguistic
proficiency,
functional
approach
to
problem
solving
[Both
Teachers
Manual
and
Sample
Test
Questions
will be
provided]
28
2010-2011
Functional grammar
exercise:
to propose ways in
which healthier living
might be attained
eating better and exercising,
drinking plenty of water, partaking fresh
vegetables from the
Market, and so on.
Possible exercises
may
be
framed
around:
Filling in blanks
within sentences
Distinguishing
between different
meanings possible
through the use of
different prepositions with the same
verbs
29
Chapter 6 Sports :
Revision of all elements of grammar
handled thus far,
through evocative descriptions of State or
national or international level sports stories, and discussion of
them.
Functional grammar
exercise:
Students may, in pairs,
be asked to present an
account of a memorable sports meet or
game. The use of
nouns pronouns, and
adjectives should help
to clarify exactly what
event is being talked
about. Judicious use of
adjective will help
provide the context:
how important the
game or match was,
where it was held, and
so on. In a brief account of the game,
verbs and adverbs will

of two of four short
pieces in depiction
of:
1 .Opportunities for
men and women in
sports
2 .A decisive moment
in a game
3 .Expectation and
failure
4. The attitude of
sportsmanship
Presentations
Learning to identify
the key elements of
any issue and putting
them down as
succinct points;
structuring the points
so that they may be
elaborated on
according to
necessity; understanding the
progression of points
so that no important
element is missed
out, but also,
repetitions are
avoided
Small conversations Teamwork, integrity,

between:
self-motivation, self1 . A fitness instructor esteem, commitment
and a trainee
2 . Two friends
discussing a
possible career in
sports
3 . Two friends
discussing their
favorite game
Development of
linguistic
proficiency,
functional
approach
to
problem
solving
[Both
Teachers
Manual
and
Sample
Test
Questions
will be
provided]
30
2010-2011
Book: Step by Step : Learning Language and Life Skills by Pearson Longman; Pearson Publishers
Lab Manual: Strengthen your Steps (A Multimodal course in communication skills) by Maruthi Publications
be necessary to report
exactly what happened. If the account
has to be detailed and
lively, students will be
obliged to use the correct forms and tenses.
Of course, throughout,
not only will the right
inflections and articles
be necessary, so too
will the precise use of
prepositions.
31
32
2010-2011

MATHEMATICS-I
UNIT I
Differential equations of first order and first degree exact, linear and
Bernoulli. Applications to Newtons Law of cooling, Law of natural growth
and decay, orthogonal trajectories.
UNIT II
Non-homogeneous linear differential equations of second and higher
order with constant coefficients with RHS term of the type e ax , Sin ax,
cos ax, polynomials in x, e ax V(x), xV(x)
UNIT-III
Generalized Mean Value theorem (without proof) Functions of several
variables Functional dependence- Jacobian- Maxima and Minima of
functions of two variables with constraints and without constraints.
UNIT-IV
Curve tracing Cartesian - Polar and Parametric curves.
UNIT V
Applications of Integration to Lengths, Volumes and Surface areas of
revolution in Cartesian and Polar Coordinates.
UNIT VI
Multiple integrals - double and triple integrals change of variables
Change of order of Integration.
UNIT VII
Vector Differentiation: Gradient- Divergence- Curl and their related properties
of sums-products- Laplacian and second order operators.
UNIT-VIII
Vector Integration - Line integral work done Potential function areasurface and volume integrals Vector integral theorems: Greens, Stokes and
Gauss Divergence Theorems (Without proof) and related problems.
33
TEXT BOOK:
1.
A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics I, U. M. Swamy, P.

Vijaya Lakshmi, Dr. M. P.K.Kishore and Dr. K.L. Sai Prasad Excel
Books, New Delhi
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Engineering Mathematics, Vol- 1, Dr. D. S.C. Prism Publishers
2.
Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Ramana , Tata Mc Graw Hill
3.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreszig, 8 Ed. Wiley

Student Edition
34
2010-2011

ENGINEERING PHYSICS -I
UNIT-1
INTERFERENCE: Superposition of waves - Youngs double slit experiment
- Coherence - Interference in thin films by reflection -Newtons rings.
UNIT-II
DIFFRACTION: Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions - Fraunhofer diffraction
at a single slit - Double slit - Diffraction grating - Grating spectrum Resolving power of a grating - Rayleighs criterion for resolving power.
UNIT-III
POLARIZATION: Types of Polarization - Double refraction - Nicol prism
- Quarter wave plate and Half wave plate..
UNIT-IV
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE: Introduction - Space lattice - Basis - Unit cell Lattice parameters - Bravais lattices - Crystal systems - Structure and
packing fractions of simple cubic, Body centered cubic, Face centered
cubic crystals.
UNIT-V
X-RAY DIFFRACTION: Directions and planes in crystals - Miller indices
- Separation between successive [h k 1] planes - Diffraction of X - rays
by crystal planes - Braggs law - Laue method -Powder method.
UNIT-VI
LASERS: Introduction - Characteristics of lasers - Spontaneous and
Stimulated emission of radiation -Einsteins coefficients - Population
inversion - Ruby laser - Helium -Neon laser - Semiconductor laser Applications of lasers in industry, scientific and medical fields.
UNIT-VII
FIBER OPTICS: Introduction - Principle of optical fiber - Acceptance angle
and acceptance cone -Numerical aperture - Types of optical fibers and
refractive index profiles - Attenuation in optical fibers -Application of
optical fibers.
35
UNIT-VIII
NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING USING ULTRASONICS: Ultrasonic Testing
- Basic Principle -Transducer - Couplant and Inspection Standards Inspection Methods - Pulse Echo Testing Technique -Flaw Detector Different Types of Scans - Applications.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Perspective of Engineering Physics by Dr.M.Sri Rama Rao (Retd Prof.

in Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam), Dr.N.Chaudhary and
D.Prasad, Pub: Acme Learning.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Engineering Physics by S. Mani Naidu, Pearson publishers.
2.
Engineering Physics by Sanjay D Jain and Girish G Sahasrabudhe,

University press.
3.
Engineering Physics by alik and A K Singh, Tata Mc Graw-Hill

Publishing company Limited.
36
2010-2011

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY I
CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
UNIT-I
1.
JOULE THOMSON EFFECT

Definitions of Enthalpy, Free Energy, Entropy, Principle and
explanation of Joule Thomson Effect, application to Air Conditioning
, Refrigeration (WORKING PRINCIPLE AND FLOW DIAGRAMS)
2.
OSMOSIS &REVERSE OSMOSIS

Principles of Osmosis& Reverse Osmosis, application to Desalination
process-Types of Membranes used in desalination processLimitations
3.
LECHATELIERS PRINCIPLE
Definition of Petrochemical Equilibrium, Factors influence the
Petrochemical Equilibrium, Statement and explanation of Lechateliers
principle- Industrial applications for the production of Sulphuric
Acid and Ammonia
4.
SOLUBILITY PRODUCT& COMMON ION EFFECT

Definition of Solubility & Ionic products, Industrial applications
UNIT-II
1.
CATALYSIS
Explanation of Catalysis, Criteria of Catalysts, Few Industrial Catalysts
2.
COLLOIDS
Explanation of Colloids- Properties of Colloids, Industrial applications
of Colloids
3.
FERMENTATION
Explanation of Fermentation with examples-Industrial applications
4.
VISCOSITY:
Definition of Viscosity -Factors influence the Viscosity- Kinematic
37
Viscosity-Determination of Molecular Weight of any one compoundApplications to fluids in motion Type of flow.
UNIT-III
1.
FLUORESENCE&PHOSPHORESENCE LUMINISCENT
COMPOUNDS
Explanation of Fluorescence &Phosphorescence JOB s Diagram,
Industrial applications of Chemiluminiscent compounds
2.
PHOTO & LIGHT RESPONSIVE COMPOUNDS

SENSORS,BIOSENSORS
Explanation of Sensors & Biosensors-Principle Few Applications
3.
IONSELECTIVE ELECTRODES
Principle- Chemistry &working of Electrode-applications to
determination of Fluoride,Chloride and Nitrate
4.
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE(NMR) :

Principle Few Electronic applications
UNIT-IV
1.
SUPERCONDUCTIVTY
Definition-Preparation Properties Engineering Applications
2.
SEMICONDUCTORS Definition Types of semiconductors (Stiochiometric, Non

stichometric , Organic, Controlled Valency Semiconductors, Doping)applications
3.
STORAGE DEVICES Materials used and working of Floppy, CD, Pendrive etc.
4.
LIQUID CRYSTALS Definition Types - applications in LCD and Engineering,

Applications.
UNIT V
THERMAL ENERGY- introduction to solid fuels definition calorific
value (LCV, HCV) bomb calorimeter, pulverized coal carbonization
38
2010-2011
analysis of coal (proximate and ultimate analysis) working of thermal

power station.
UNIT - VI
Petrochemical sources of energy single electrode potential Nernest
Equation- reference electrodes concentration cells-primary and secondary
cells fuel cells.
UNIT-VII
NUCLEAR ENERGY: Introduction to nuclear fuels binding energy
nuclear fission and fusion reactions nuclear reactions disposal of
nuclear wastes.
UNIT-VIII
SOLAR CELLS- introduction harnessing solar energy solar heaters
photo voltaic cells solar reflection green house concepts.
*Teachers Are Requested To Provide Information About National And
International Status Of Conventional And Non Conventional Sources
To The Students
TEXT BOOK :
1.
A Text Book Of Engineering Chemistry By N.Krishna Murty,

Anuradha, Maruthi Publications.
39

C- PROGRAMMING
UNIT I:
INTRODUCTION: Computer systems, Hardware & software concepts.
PROBLEM SOLVING: Algorithm / pseudo code, flowchart, program
development steps, Computer Languages: machine, symbolic, and highlevel languages, Creating and running programs: Writing, editing, compiling,
linking, and executing.
BASICS OF C: Structure of a C program, identifiers, basic data types and
sizes. Constants, variables, arithmetic, relational and logical operators,
increment and decrement operators, conditional operator, assignment
operators, expressions, type conversions, conditional expressions,
precedence and order of evaluation, Sample programs.
UNIT II:
BIT-WISE OPERATORS: logical, shift, rotation, masks.
SELECTION MAKING DECISIONS: Two-way selection: if- else, null
else, nested if, examples, Multi-way selection: switch, else-if, examples.
UNIT III:
STRINGS: concepts, c strings.
ITERATIVE: Loops - while, do-while and for statements, break, continue,
initialization and updating, event and counter controlled loops, Looping
applications: Summation, powers, smallest and largest.
UNIT IV:
ARRAYS: Arrays - concepts, declaration, definition, accessing elements,
storing elements, Strings and string manipulations, 1-D arrays, 2-D arrays
and character arrays, string manipulations, Multidimensional arrays ,
Array applications: Matrix Operations, checking the symmetricity of a
Matrix,
UNIT V:
FUNCTIONS-MODULAR PROGRAMMING: Functions, basics, parameter
passing, storage classes- extern, auto, register, static, scope rules, block
40
2010-2011
structure, user defined functions, standard library functions, recursive

functions, Recursive solutions for Fibonacci series, Towers of Hanoi,
header files, C pre-processor, example c programs. Passing 1-D arrays, 2D arrays to functions.
UNIT VI:
POINTERS: Pointers- concepts, initialization of pointer variables, pointers
and function arguments, passing by address dangling memory, address
arithmetic, Character pointers and functions, pointers to pointers, pointers
and multidimensional arrays, dynamic memory management functions,
command line arguments.
UNIT VII:
ENUMERATED, STRUCTURE AND UNION TYPES: Derived typesstructures- declaration, definition and initialization of structures, accessing
structures, nested structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions,
pointers to structures, self referential structures, unions, typedef, bitfields, program applications.
UNIT VIII:
FILE HANDLING: Input and output concept of a file, text files and
binary files, Formatted I/o, file I/o operations, example programs.
TEXT BOOK:
The C Programming Language B.W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, PHI
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
C Programming : A Problem - Solving Approach, Forouzan, E. V.

Prasad, Giliberg, Cengage, 2010.
2.
Programming in C, Stephen G. Kochan, 3/e Pearson, 2007.
41

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
UNIT - I
Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and
Importance Need for Public Awareness.
UNIT - II
Natural Resources : Renewable and non-renewable resources Natural
resources and associated problems Forest resources Use and over
exploitation, deforestation, case studies Timber extraction Mining,
dams and other effects on forest and tribal people Water resources
Use and over utilization of surface and ground water Floods, drought,
conflicts over water, dams benefits and problems - Mineral resources:
Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral
resources, case studies. - Food resources: World food problems, changes
caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture,
fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies. Energy
resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energy
sources use of alternate energy sources. Case studies. Land resources:
Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion
and desertification. Role of an individual in conservation of natural
resources. Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.
UNIT - III
Ecosystems : Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of an
ecosystem. - Producers, consumers and decomposers. - Energy flow in the
ecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food chains, food webs and
ecological pyramids. - Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure
and function of the following ecosystem:
a.
Forest ecosystem
b.
Grassland ecosystem
c.
Desert ecosystem
d.
Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)
42
2010-2011
UNIT - IV
Biodiversity and its conservation : Introduction - Definition: genetic,
species andecosystem diversity. - Bio-geographical classification of India
- Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical,
aesthetic and option values - . Biodiversity at global, National and local
levels. - . India as a mega-diversity nation - Hot-sports of biodiversity Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife
conflicts. - Endangered and endemic species of India Conservation of
biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
UNIT - V
Environmental Pollution : Definition, Cause, effects and control measures
of :
a.
Air pollution
b.
Water pollution
c.
Soil pollution
d.
Marine pollution
e.
Noise pollution
f.
Thermal pollution
g.
Nuclear hazards
Solid waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban

and industrial wastes. - Role of an individual in prevention of pollution.
- Pollution case studies. - Disaster management: floods, earthquake,
cyclone and landslides.
UNIT - VI
Social Issues and the Environment: From Unsustainable to Sustainable
development -Urban problems related to energy -Water conservation, rain
water harvesting, watershed management -Resettlement and rehabilitation
of people; its problems and concerns. Case Studies -Environmental ethics:
Issues and possible solutions. -Climate change, global warming, acid rain,
ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies. Wasteland reclamation. Consumerism and waste products. -Environment
Protection Act. -Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. Water
(Prevention and control of Pollution) Act -Wildlife Protection Act -Forest
43
Conservation Act -Issues involved in enforcement of environmental

legislation. -Public awareness.
UNIT - VII
Human Population and the Environment: Population growth, variation
among nations. Population explosion Family Welfare Programme. Environment and human health. -Human Rights. -Value Education. HIV/
AIDS. -Women and Child Welfare. -Role of information Technology in
Environment and human health. Case Studies. Page 37 of 79
UNIT - VIII
Field work : Visit to a local area to document environmental assets River
/forest grassland/hill/mountain -Visit to a local polluted site Urban/Rural/
industrial/ Agricultural Study of common plants, insects, birds. -Study of
simple cosystemspond, river, hill slopes, etc.
TEXT BOOK :
1.
An Introduction to Environmental Studies by B. Sudhakara Reddy,

T. Sivaji Rao, U. Tataji & K. Purushottam Reddy, Maruti Publications.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Text Book of Environmental Studies by Deeshita Dave & P. Udaya

Bhaskar, Cengage Learning.
2.
Environmental Studies by K.V.S.G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers,

Vijayawada.
3.
Text Book of Environmental Sciences and Technology by M. Anji

Reddy, BS Publications.
44
2010-2011

ENGINEERING PHYSICS & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
LABORATORY-1
PHYSICS LAB-I
A.
Mechanics
1.
Determine the Rigidity Modulus of the material of the wire using

Torsional Pendulum.
2.
Determine the
Frequency of vibration in Transverse and
Longitudinal Mode using Meldes Apparatus.
3.
Verify the Laws Transverse vibrations in stretched strings using

Sonometer.
4.
Determine the Velocity of Sound by Volume Resonator method.
5.
Determine the Acceleration due to Gravity and Radius of Gyration

using Compound Pendulum.
B.
Optics:
6.
Determine the Wavelength of a source by Normal Incidence method

using Diffraction Grating.
7.
Determine the Radius Curvature of a convex lens by forming Newtons

Rings.
8.
Determine the Refractive Index of the material of Prism (Minimum

Deviation method) using Spectrometer.
9.
Determine the Thickness of the Spacer used to form Parallel fringes

due to Wedge shaped film.
10.
Determination of Single slit diffraction using Lasers.
Manual/Record Books:
1.
Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab-1, by Prof.Sri M.

Rama Rao, Acme Learning.
2.
Lab manual 1, of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y.Aparna and Dr.

K.Venkateswara Rao, VGS Books links, Vijayawada.
45
CHEMISTRY LAB - 1
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1.
Introduction to Chemistry Lab (the teachers are expected to teach
fundamentals like Primary, Secondary Standard Solutions , Normality,
Molarity, Molality etc and laboratory ware used, error ,accuracy, precision,
Theory of indicators, use of volumetric titrations
2.
Introduction to Volumetric Analysis:
The Teacher has to perform four types of volumetric titrations and will
explain about the Working of Indicators .(The Teacher has to call the
students at random to perform the titrations)
2.
ANALYSIS OF WATER
Estimation of :
a.
Calcium, Magnesium, Iron (111), Zinc (SEPERATELY)
b.
TOTAL HARDNESS BY EDTA METHOD
c.
TURBIDITY
d.
CONDUCTIVITY
e
pH
f.
TOTAL DISSOLVED SALTS
g.
FLORIDES,CHLORIDES AND NITRATES ( USING ION
ANALYSER OR BY COLORIMETER)
h.
DISSOLVED OXYGEN
i
BACTERIAL COUNT
The student has to get his water sample and the teacher has to explain
the analysis and the results are to be compared with the INDIAN
STANDRDS.
All the teachers are requested to give top priority to water analysis
as it is very useful for the students and society. complete water
analysis may take couple of hours more but this has a unique
influence on the system.
3.
CONSTRUCTION OF GALVANIC CELL
Based on the position of the metals in the electroPetrochemical series
a model ElectroPetrochemical Cell is constructed and the values are
determined and effect of metal ion concentration, Temprature etc. on emf
are calculated.
Lab Manual :
Engineering chemistry laboratory manual & record,Srinivasulu, D., Parshva,
publications.
46
2010-2011

Year B. Tech Petroleum Engineering I Sem.
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
Note: At least two exercises to be done from each trade.
Trade:
Carpentry
1. T-Lap Joint
2. Cross Lap Joint
3. Dovetail Joint
4. Mortise and Tennon Joint
Fitting
1. Vee Fit
2. Square Fit
3. Half Round Fit
4. Dovetail Fit
Black Smithy
1. Round rod to Square

2. S-Hook
3. Round Rod to Flat Ring
4. Round Rod to Square headed bolt
House Wiring
1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs

2. Stair Case wiring
3. Florescent Lamp Fitting
4. Measurement of Earth Resistance
Tin Smithy
1. Taper Tray
2. Square Box without lid
3. Open Scoop
4. Funnel
47

Year B. Tech Petroleum Engineering I Sem.
C PROGRAMMING LAB
Objectives:
To learn/strengthen a programming language like C, To learn problem

solving techniques
Recommended Systems/Software Requirements:
Intel based desktop PC, ANSI C Compiler with Supporting Editors,

IDEs such as Turbo C, Bloodshed C,
Linux with gcc compiler
Exercise l
Solving problems such as temperature conversion, student grading, income
tax calculation, etc., which expose students to use basic C operators
Exercise 2
2s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to left
and complementing all the bits after the first appearance of a 1. Thus 2s
complement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2s complement
of a binary number.
Exercise 3
a)
Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive

integer.
b)
A Fibonacci sequence is defined as follows: the first and second

terms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms are found by
adding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C program
to generate the first n terms of the sequence.
c)
Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 and

n, where n is a value supplied by the user.
d)
Write a program which checks a given integer is Fibonacci number

or not.
Exercise 4
a)
Write a C program to calculate the following Sum:
48
2010-2011
Sum=1-x2/2! +x4/4!-x6/6!+x8/8!-x10/10!
b)
Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation.
Exercise 5
a)
The total distance travelled by vehicle int seconds is given by

distance = ut+1/2at2 where u and a are the initial velocity (m/sec.)
and acceleration (m/sec2). Write C program to find the distance
travelled at regular intervals of time given the values of u and a.
The program should provide the flexibility to the user to select his
own time intervals and repeat the calculations for different values of
u and a.
b)
Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and one

operator form the user, performs the operation and then prints the
result. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement)
Exercise 6
a)
Simple programming examples to manipulate strings.
b)
Verifying a string for its palindrome property
Exercise 7
Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations:
i.
To insert a sub-string in to given main string from a given position.
ii.
To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string.
iii.
To replace a character of string either from beginning or ending or

at a specified location
Exercise 8
Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations
using Structure:
i)
Reading a complex number
ii)
Writing a complex number
iii)
Addition of two complex numbers
iv)
Multiplication of two complex numbers
Exercise 9
a)
Addition of Two Matrices
b)
Calculating transpose of a matrix in-place manner.
c)
Matrix multiplication by checking compatibility
49
Exercise 10
a)
Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functions

for the following
i)
ii)
integers.
iii)
To find the factorial of a given integer.

To find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given
To solve Towers of Hanoi problem.
Exercise 11
a)
Write a C functions to find both the largest and smallest number of

an array of integers.
b)
Write a C function that uses functions to perform the following:

i)
that displays the position/ index in the string S where the

string T begins, or 1 if S doesnt contain T.
ii) to count the lines, words and characters in a given text.

Exercise 12
a)
Write a C function to generate Pascals triangle.
b)
Write a C function to construct a pyramid of numbers.
Exercise 13
Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n, and then compute the
sum of this geometric progression:
1+x+x2+x3+.+xn
Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n(no. of terms), and then
compute sin(x) and cos(x).
Exercise 14
a.
Pointer based function to exchange value of two integers using

passing by address.
b.
Program which explains the use of dynamic arrays.
c.
Program to enlighten dangling memory problem (Creating a 2-D array
50
2010-2011
dynamically using pointer to pointers approach.
Exercise 15
Examples which explores the use of structures, union and other user
defined variables
Exercise 16
a)
Write a C program which copies one file to another.
b)
Write a C program to reverse the first n characters in a file. (Note:

The file name and n are specified on the command line)
51

ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -I
UNIT-1
Section -A Hello, Im..
Section B Practicing Sounds
UNIT 2
Section A I Would Love to ..but
Section B practicing Sounds
UNIT -3
Section-A With your permission I would to
Section-B Practicing Sounds
UNIT-4
Section-A Why dont we..
Section-B Practicing Sounds
UNIT-5
Section-A Could you Please..
Section-B practicing Sounds
52
2010-2011

I Year B. Tech Petroleum Engineering II Sem.
MATHEMATICS-II
UNIT I
Laplace transforms of standard functions Shifting Theorems, Transforms
of derivatives and integrals Unit step function Diracs delta function.
UNIT II
Inverse Laplace transforms Convolution theorem - Application of Laplace
transforms to ordinary differential equations Partial fractions.
UNIT III
Fourier Series: Determination of Fourier coefficients Fourier series
even and odd functions Fourier series in an arbitrary interval Halfrange sine and cosine series.
UNIT IV
Fourier integral theorem (only statement) Fourier sine and cosine
integrals - Fourier transform sine and cosine transforms properties
inverse transforms Finite Fourier transforms.
UNIT V
Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary
constants and arbitrary functions solutions of first order linear (Lagrange)
equation and nonlinear (standard type) equations.
UNIT VI
Method of Separation of Variables - Applications to wave equation, heat
equation and Laplace Equation.
UNIT VII
Z-transform properties Damping rule Shifting rule Initial and final
value theorems -Inverse z-transform -Convolution theorem Solution of
difference equation by z-transforms.
UNIT VIII
Gamma and Beta Functions Properties Evaluation of improper integrals.
53
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Swamy,U.M., Vijayalaxmi, P.,Ravikumar, R.V.G., and Phani Krishna

Kishore., Mathematics II, Excel Books, New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
B.V.Ramana, Engineering Mathematics, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
2.
Iyengar,T.K.V, Krishna Gandhi, et.al Engineering Mathematics Vol-II,

S.Chand Co. New Delhi.
3.
Erwin Kreszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 Ed Wiley

Student Edition.
54
2010-2011

ENGINEERING PHYSICS - II
UNIT-I
QUANTUM MECHANICS & QUANTUM COMPUTING: Introduction Schrodinger Time Independent and Time Dependent wave equations Particle in a box - Operator version -Suitability of Quantum system for
Information Processing - Classical Bits and Qu-Bits - Blochs Sphere Quantum Gates - Multiple Qu-Bits - Advantages of Quantum Computing
over classical Computation.
UNIT-II
ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS: Classical free electron theory - Mean
free path - Relaxation time and drift velocity - Quantum free electron
theory - Fermi - Dirac (analytical) and its dependence on temperature Fermi energy - Electron scattering and resistance.
UNIT-HI
BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS: Bloch theorem (qualitative) - Kronig Penney model - Origin of energy band formation in solids - Classification
of materials into conductors, semiconductors & insulators -Concept of
effective mass of an electron.
UNIT-IV
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES: Permeability - Magnetization - Orgin of magnetic
moment - Classification of Magnetic materials - Dia, para and ferromagnetism -Domain and Weiss field theory - Hysteresis Curve - Soft and
Hard magnetic materials.
UNIT-V
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: General properties - Meissner effect - Penetration
depth - Type I and type II superconductors - Flux quantization - DC and
AC Josephson effect - BCS Theory - Applications of superconductors.
UNIT-VI
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES: Introduction - Dielectric constant - Electronic,
ionic and orientational polarizations - Internal fields in solids - ClausiusMossotti equation - Dielectrics in alternating fields -frequency dependence
55
of the polarizability - Ferro and Piezo electricity.

UNIT-VII
SEMICONDUCTORS: Introduction - Intrinsic semiconductor and carrier
concentration - Equation for conductivity - Extrinsic semiconductor and
carrier concentration - Drift and diffusion - Einsteins equation - Hall effect
- Direct & indirect band gap semiconductors.
UNIT-VIII
PHYSICS OF NANO MATERIALS: Introduction - Properties and prepation
of Nano Materials -Surface occupancy - Reduction of Dimensionality - 4D
-Force vector - Quantum wires - Quantum dots and Quantum wells Density of states and Energy spectrum - Nanotubes - Applications of
nanomaterials.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Perspective of Engineering Physics - II by M Sri Ramarao, Nityananda

Choudary, Daruka Prasad, ACME Learning.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Solid State Physics by A J Dekker , Mcmilan India Ltd.
2.
A Text Book of Engineering Physics , by Bhattacharya & Bhaskara,

Oxford University Press
3.
Engineering Physics by K Shiva Kumar, Prism Books Pvt. Ltd
56
2010-2011

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY II
UNIT-I
POLYMERS: Introduction - Types of polymers Classification - Methods
of polymerisation Stereo specific polymers - Ziegler Natta catalysis Properties of polymers Conducting Polymers- Engineering applications
Biodegradable polymers - Individual polymers(Preparation ,Properities,Uses
of Poly Styrene, PVC, PTFE, Bakelites, Cellulose derivatives, Poly
Carbonates)
UNIT-II
PLASTICS Types Compounding of plastics- Moulding(Four types)Fiber reinforced , Glass fibre reinforced plastics Bullet Proof Plastics
Properties of plastics Engineering applications
UNIT-III
RUBBERS & ELASTOMERS: Introduction Preparation Vulcanization
Properties - Engineering applications.
Buna-S,Buna-N, - Poly Urethane - Engineering applications of Elastomers
UNIT-IV
NANO MATERIALS
Introduction to Nano materials-preparation of few Nano materials(Carbon
Nano Tubes,Fullerenes etc)-Properities of Nano materials- Engineering
applications.
UNIT-V
BUILDING MATERIALS(CEMENT,REFRACTORIES,CRAMICS):
CEMENT
Introduction, Manufacturing of Portland Cement(Dry &We Process )Chemistry of Setting and Hardening of Cement-Effect of Carbon
dioxide,Sulphur Dioxide ,Chloride on Cement concrete.
REFRACTORIES
Introduction-Classification Properties-Applications
57
CERAMICS
Introduction-Classification Glazed &Unglazed Ceramics -PropertiesEngineering Applications.
UNIT-VI
FUEL TECHNOLOGY
Introduction to Liquid Fuels-Classification of Crude Oil-Fractional
Distillation-Cracking (Thermal &Catalytic), Polymerization-Refining
&Reforming Working of Internal Combustion Engine, Heated ChambersKnocking AntiKnocking Agents-Octane &Cetane Number.
LUBRICANTS
Definition and Explanation of Lubrication-Mechanism of Lubrication
Types of Lubricants-Properties of Lubricants-Engineering applications
UNIT-VII
CORROSION Mechanism- Factors influence the rate of corrosion Types of Corrosion -Protection methods (Anodic & Cathodic protection),
- Metallic Coatings - Paints, Varnishes, Enamels , Special paints.
UNIT-VIII
GREEN CHEMISTRY
Introduction-Concepts- Engineering Applications
TEXT BOOK :
1.
A Text book of engineering chemistry by Srinivasulu D., Parshva

publications.
58
2010-2011

ENGINEERING DRAWING
UNIT-I
Polygons-Construction of Regular Polygons using given length of a side;
Ellipse- Arcs of Circles and Oblong Methods; Scales-Vernier and Diagonal
Scales.
UNIT-II
Introduction to Orthographic Projections; Projections of Points; Projections
of Straight Lines parallel to both planes; Projections of Straight LinesParallel to one and inclined to other plane.
UNIT-III
Projections of Straight Lines inclined to both planes, determination of true
lengths, angle of inclinations and traces.
UNIT-IV
Projections of Planes; Regular Planes Perpendicular / Parallel to one
Reference
Plane and inclined to other Reference Plane; inclined to both the Reference
Planes.
UNIT-V
Projections of Solids-Prisms and Cylinders with the axis inclined to one
Plane.
UNIT-VI
Projections of Solids- Pyramids and Cones with the axis inclined to one
plane.
UNIT-VII
Conversion of Isometric Views to Orthographic Views.
UNIT-VIII
Conversion of Orthographic Views to Isometric Projections and Views.
59
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhat, Chariot Publications.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Engineering Drawing by M.B. Shah and B.C. Rana, Pearson

Publishers.
2.
Engineering Drawing by Dhananjay A. Jolhe, Tata McGraw Hill

Publishers.
3.
Engineering Graphics for Degree, K.C. John, PHI Publishers.
60
2010-2011

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
UNIT I
Linear systems of equations: Rank-Echelon form, Normal form Solution
of Linear Systems Direct Methods- Gauss Elimination - Gauss Jordon
and Gauss Seidal Methods.
UNIT II
Eigen values - Eigen vectors Properties Cayley-Hamilton Theorem Inverse and powers of a matrix by using Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
UNIT-III
Quadratic forms- Reduction of quadratic form to canonical form Rank Positive, negative definite - semi definite - index signature.
UNIT IV
Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: Introduction The
Bisection Method The Method of False Position The Iteration Method
Newton-Raphson Method.
UNIT-V
Interpolation: Introduction- Errors in Polynomial Interpolation Finite
differences- Forward Differences- Backward differences Central differences
Symbolic relations and separation of symbols-Differences of a polynomialNewtons formulae for interpolation Interpolation with unevenly spaced
points - Lagranges Interpolation formula.
UNIT VI
Numerical Differentiation and Integration Differentiation using finite
differences - Trapezoidal rule Simpsons 1/3 Rule Simpsons 3/8 Rule.
UNIT VII
Numerical solution of Ordinary Differential equations: Solution by Taylors
series-Picards Method of successive Approximations-Eulers MethodRunge-Kutta Methods Predictor-Corrector Methods- Milnes Method.
61
UNIT VIII
Curve fitting: Fitting a straight line Second degree curve-exponential
curve-power curve by method of least squares.
TEXT BOOK :
1.
Ravindranath, V. and Vijayalaxmi, A., A Text Book on Mathematical

Methods, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
REFERENCE BOOKS :
1.
Rukmangadachari, E. Mathematical Methods, Pearson Education,

Delhi.
2.
Kreszig, Erwin, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 Ed., Wiley

Student Edition.
3.
Peter O Neil, Engineering Mathematics, Cengage Learning. Gordon,
62
2010-2011

I Year B. Tech. Aeronautical Engineering II Sem.
ENGINEERING PHYSICS& ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
LABORATORY- II
PHYSICS LAB - II:
Electro-Magnetism and Electronics:
1.
Determine the Plancks constant using Photo-Ceil.
2.
Study the variation of Magnetic Field along the axis of a solenoid

coil using Stewart - Gees apparatus.
3.
Draw the Frequency Response curves of L-C-R Series and Parallel

Circuits.
4.
Determine the Time Constant for a C-R Circuit.
5.
Determine the Band Gap of a Semi conductor using a p-n junction

diode.
6.
Study of Characteristic curves (l/V) of a Zener diode to determine its

Breakdown voltage.
7.
Determine the Hall Coefficient of a Semiconductor.
8.
Draw the characteristic curves and determine the Thermoelectric

coefficient of a Thermistor
9.
Study the Seebeck and Peltier - Thermoelectric Effects and to

determine Coefficients and Thermo Electric Effect using
Thermocouple.
10.
Draw the Characteristic curves of a p-i-n and Avalanche Photo

Diodes.
11.
Determination of Numerical Aperture and Bending losses of an

Optical Fiber.
Manual Cum Record Books :
1.
Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab- II, by Prof.Sri M.

Rama Rao, Acme Learning.. .
2.
Lab manual
- II, of Engineering Physics, Dr. Y.Aparna and
63
Dr.K.Venkateswara Rao, VGS Books links, Vijayawada.

CHEMISTRY LAB II
1.
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL. INTRODUCTION
FUELS
TO BIO
The teacher has to perform the transesterfication reaction of FATTY

ACID and the
Biodiesel thus produced can be used for analysis.(
Please give priority to production of Biodiesel from waste cooking oil)
2.
Estimation of properties of oil:

a.
Acid Number
b.
Viscosity
c.
Saponification value
d.
Aniline point
e.
Flash and Fire points
f.
Pour and Cloud point
3.
PREPARATION OF PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN
4.
SOIL ANALYSIS:
pH, Determination of Zinc, Iron, Copper.
5.
FOOD ANALYSIS:
Determination Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids, pH,etc.
All the teachers are requested to focus on bio fuels ,soil analysis and
food analysis as these are the need of 21 st century and these experiments
are so desigened to encourage students to carry out lab to land process.
Lab Manual
: Engineering chemistry laboratory manual & record,
64
2010-2011
Srinivasulu . D. Parshva publications.

ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -II
UNIT-6
Dialogues
UNIT-7
Interviews
UNIT-8
Effective Telephonic Interviews
UNIT-9
Group Discussions
UNIT-10
Presentations
UNIT-11
65
Debates
IT WORKSHOP
Objectives:
The IT Workshop for engineers is a 6 training lab course spread over 45
hours.
The modules include training on PC Hardware, Internet & World Wide
Web and Productivity tools including (word processor, spread sheet,
presentation sw) Word, spread sheet Excel, Power Point and Publisher.
PC Hardware Identification of basic peripherals, assembling a PC,
installation of system software like MS Windows, Linux and the device
drivers. Troubleshooting Hardware and software _ some tips and tricks .
Internet & World Wide Web: Different ways of hooking the PC on to the
internet from home and workplace and effectively usage of the internet,
web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums .Awareness of
cyber hygiene( protecting the personal computer from getting infected
with the viruses), worms and other cyber attacks .
Productivity tools Crafting professional word documents; excel spread
sheets, power point presentations and personal web sites using the
Microsoft suite of office tools and LaTeX.
(Note: Student should be thoroughly exposed to minimum of 12 Tasks)
PC Hardware
Task 1: Identification of the peripherals of a computer.
To prepare a report containing the block diagram of the CPU along with
the configuration of each peripheral and its functions.
Task 2(Optional) : A practice on disassemble the components of a PC and
assembling them to working condition.
Task 3 : Installation of MS windows and LINUX on a PC.
Task 4 : Exposure to Basic commands and system administration in Linux
66
2010-2011
including: Basic Linux commands in bash, Create hard and symbolic links.
Task 5 :
Hardware Troubleshooting (Demonstration):
Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper
assembly or defective peripherals. Identification of a problem and fixing
it for getting to working condition.
Software Troubleshooting (Demonstration): Students have to be given a
malfunctioning CPU due to system software problems. Identification of a
problem and fixing it for getting to working condition.
Internet & World Wide Web
Task 6 : Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp and surfing the Web
using Web Browsers : Students should get connected to their Local Area
Network and access the Internet. In the process they should configure the
TCP/IP setting and demonstrate how to access the websites and email.
Students customize their web browsers using bookmarks, search toolbars
and pop up blockers.
Task 7: Search Engines & Netiquette : Students should know what
search engines are and how to use the search engines.
A few topics would be given to the students for which they need to
search on Google.
Task 8 : Cyber Hygiene (Demonstration) : Awareness of various threats
on the internet. To install an anti virus software and to configure their
personal firewall and windows update on their computers.
LaTeX and Word
Word Orientation : Importance of LaTeX and MS/ equivalent (FOSS) tool
Word as word Processors.
Details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each,
Using LaTeX and word Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files,
Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word.
Task 9 : Using LaTeX and word to create project certificate. Features to
be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text
effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Header
and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX and Word.
67
Task 10: Creating project : Abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting

Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction,
Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check , Track Changes,
Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting
Images, Textboxes and Paragraphs.
Excel
Excel Orientation : The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS/
equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details of the
four tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel
Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help and
resources
Task 11 : Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines,
Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text
LOOKUP/VLOOKUP
Task 12 : Performance Analysis - Features to be covered:- Split cells,
freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators,
Conditional formatting
LaTeX and MS/equivalent (FOSS) tool Power Point
Task 13 : Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools
which help them create basic power point presentation. Topic covered
during this week includes :- PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text,
Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines
and Arrows, Hyperlinks, Inserting Images, Clip Art, Tables and Charts in
both LaTeX and Powerpoint.
Task 14 : Concentrating on the in and out of Microsoft power point and
presentations in LaTeX. Helps them learn best practices in designing and
preparing power point presentation. Topic covered during this week includes: Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic, presentation,
slide slotter, notes etc), Inserting Background, textures, Design Templates,
Hidden slides.
TEXT BOOKS :
Scott Muellers Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 18/e, Scott. Mueller,

QUE, Pearson,2008
The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book,3/e,Cheryl A

Schmidt, Dreamtech
68
2010-2011

II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem.
MATHEMATICS III
UNIT I
Bessel functions properties Recurrence relations Orthogonality.
Legendre polynomials Properties Rodrigues formula Recurrence
relations Orthogonality.
UNIT-II
Functions of a complex variable Continuity Differentiability Analyticity
Properties Cauchy-Riemann equations in Cartesian and polar
coordinates. Harmonic and conjugate harmonic functions Milne
Thompson method.
UNIT-III
Elementary functions: Exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic functions
and their properties General power Z C (c is complex), principal value.
UNIT-IV
Complex integration: Line integral evaluation along a path and by
indefinite integration Cauchys integral theorem Cauchys integral
formula Generalized integral formula.
UNIT-V
Complex power series: Radius of convergence Expansion in Taylors
series, Maclaurins series and Laurent series. Singular point Isolated
singular point pole of order m essential singularity.
UNIT-VI
Residue Evaluation of residue by formula and by Laurent series Residue theorem.
Evaluation of integrals of the type
(a) Improper real integrals
f ( x)dx
(b)
(c)
c + 2
69
f (cos , sin )d
e imx f ( x )dx
(d) Integrals by identation.
UNIT-VII
Argument principle Rouches theorem determination of number of
zeros of complex polynomials - Maximum Modulus principle - Fundamental
theorem of Algebra, Liouvilles Theorem.
UNIT-VIII
Conformal mapping: Transformation by e z , lnz, z2, z n (n positive integer),
Sin z, cos z, z + a/z. Translation, rotation, inversion and bilinear
transformation fixed point
cross ratio properties invariance
of circles and cross ratio determination of bilinear transformation
mapping 3 given points .
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Shahnaz Bathul, Prentice

Hall of India.
2.
A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Vol-III T. K. V. Iyengar,

B. Krishna Gandhi and Others, S. Chand & Company.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Raman, Tata Mc Graw

Hill.
2.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Irvin Kreyszig, Wiley India

Pvt. Ltd.
70
2010-2011

II Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. I-Sem.
GENERAL GEOLOGY
UNIT-I:
Dimensions of earth, structure, composition and origin of earth-envelops
of the Earth- crust, mantle, core. External dynamic process- weathering,
geological work of wind-weathering, erosion and denudation, cycle of
erosion, transportation and deposition.
UNIT-II:
Geological work of rivers, River systems-meandering, oxbow lakes, flood
plains, Peneplains and deltas. Internal dynamic processes- Plate tectonicscontinental drift, Earthquakes and volcanoes. Geological work of seas.
Erosion and deposition.
UNIT-III:
Fundamental concepts in Geomorphology-geomorphic processesdistribution of landforms-drainage patterns development. Morphometric
analysis of drainage basins, water sheds. Elements of hill slopespediment, bazadas.Landforms in relation to rocks types, paleochannels,
buried channels.
UNIT-IV:
Soils types and their classification. coastal morphological processes. Field
and laboratory map scales, Topographic maps, thematic maps, Topographic
and Thematic profiles.
UNIT-V:
Structural, textural, and chemical classification and origin of igneous,
sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Sedimentary structures-petrographic
character of conglomerate, sandstone, shale, limestones. Metamorphismstrucutral classification of shale, phyllite, schist, gneiss, marble. quarzite
and granulites.
UNIT-VI:
Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation: Basin of Active, Passive
Margins, Intracratonic Basins, Strike Slip Basins
71
UNIT-VII:
Science of minerals, physical and optical properties of minerals classification,
UNIT-VIII:
Palaeontology: Introduction to Paleontology, Fossils and Fossilization,
Introduction and Importance to Invertebrate Paleontology;
Micropaleontology: Morphology and Distribution of Microfossils
(Foraminifera, Radiolaria, Conodonts,
Ostracodes, Diatoms and
Palynology), Importance of Microfossils in Petroleum Exploration
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Engineering
Geology
ButterworthHeimann,2007.
by
F.G.Bell,
2 nd
Edition,
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Text book of Geology, P.K Mukharje, The World Press Pvt Ltd.,
Calcutta, 2005.
2.
Rutleys Elements of Mineralogy, 27 Ed., N.H.Read, Allen & Unwin

Australia 1988.
72
2010-2011

SURVEYING
UNIT-I:
INTRODUCTION: Overview of plane surveying (chain, compass and
plane table), Objectives, Principles and classifications.
UNIT-II:
DISTANCES AND DIRECTION: Distance measurement conventions and
methods; use of chain and tape, Electronic distance measurements,
Meridians, Azimuths and Bearings, declination, computation of angle.
UNIT-III:
LEVELING AND CONTOURING: Concept and Terminology, Temporary
and permanent adjustments- method of leveling.
Characteristics and Uses of contours- methods of conducting contour
surveys and their plotting.
UNIT-IV:
COMPUTATION OF AREAS AND VOLUMES: Area from field notes,
computation of areas along irregular boundaries and
area consisting of regular boundaries. Embankments and cutting for a
level section and two level sections with and without
transverse slopes, determination of the capacity of reservoir, volume of
barrow pits.
UNIT-V:
THEODOLITE: Theodolite, description, uses and adjustments temporary
and permanent, measurement of horizontal and
vertical angles. Principles of Electronic Theodolite. Trigonometrical leveling,
Traversing.
UNIT-VI:
TACHEOMETRIC SURVEYING:
Stadia and tangential methods of Tacheometry. Distance and Elevation
formulae for Staff vertical position.
73
UNIT-VII:
Curves: Types of curves, design and setting out simple and compound
curves.
UNIT-VIII:
Introduction to geodetic surveying, Total Station and Global
positioning system, Introduction to Geographic information system (GIS).
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Surveying (Vol 1, 2 & 3), B.C.Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain and Arun
Kumar Jain - Laxmi Publications (P) ltd., New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Arthur R Benton and Philip J Taety, Elements of Plane Surveying,

McGraw Hill, 2000.
74
2010-2011

ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIT-I:
Stresses and strains: kinds of stress-strains, elasticity and plasticity,
Hooks law, stress strain diagrams, modules of elasticity, Poissons ratio,
linear and volumetric strain, relation between E, N, and K, bars of uniform
strength, compound bars and temperature stresses.
UNIT-II:
Types of supports loads Shear force and bending moment for
cantilever and simply supported beams without overhanging for all types
of loads.
Theory of simple bending, simple bending formula, Distribution of Flexural
and Shear stress in Beam section Shear stress formula Shear stress
distribution for some standard sections
UNIT-III:
Thin cylindrical shells: stress in cylindrical shells due to internal pressures,
circumferential stress, longitudinal stress, design of thin cylindrical shells,
spherical shells, change in dimension of the shell due to internal pressure,
change in volume of the shell due to internal pressure
Thick Cylinders : Lames equation- cylinders subjected to inside and
outside pressures
Columns and Struts.
UNIT-IV:
Steam boilers: classification of boilers, essentialities of boilers, selection
of boilers, study of boilers, Cochran boiler, Locomotive boiler, Lancashire
boiler, Babcock and Wilcox boiler, boiler mountings and accessories.
UNIT-V:
Reciprocating air compressors: uses of compressed air, work done in
single stage and two-stage compression, inter cooling and simple problems.
UNIT-VI:
Internal combustion engines: classification of IC engines, basic engine
75
components and nomenclature, working principle of engines, Four strokes

and two stroke petrol and diesel engines, comparison of CI and SI
engines, comparison of four stroke and two stroke engines, simple
problems such as indicated power, brake power, friction power, specific
fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency
and mechanical efficiency.
UNIT-VII:
Belts Ropes and chain: belt and rope drives, velocity ratio, slip, length
of belt , open belt and cross belt drives, ratio of friction tensions,
centrifugal tension in a belt, power transmitted by belts and ropes, initial
tensions in the belt, simple problems.
UNIT-VIII:
Gear trains: classification of gears, gear trains velocity ratio, simple,
compound reverted and epicyclic gear trains.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Strength of Materials and Mechanics of Structures, B.C.Punmia,

Standard Publications and distributions, 9th ed. (units I III).
2.
Thermal Engineering, Ballaney,P.L., Khanna Publishers, 2003 (Units

IV-VI).
3.
Theory of Machines , S.S. Rattan , Tata McGraw Hill (Units VII-VIII).
76
2010-2011

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Part-A Electrical Engineering
UNIT - I
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS: Basic definitions, Types of net work elements,
Ohms Law, Resistive networks, Kirchhoffs Laws, Inductive networks,
capacitive networks, Series, Parallel circuits and Star-delta and delta-star
transformations.
UNIT - II
DC MACHINES : Principle of operation of DC Generator emf equation
- types DC motor types torque equation applications three point
starter.
UNIT - III
TRANSFORMERS : Principle of operation of single phase transformers
emf equation losses efficiency and regulation
UNIT - IV
AC MACHINES : Principle of operation of alternators regulation by
synchronous impedance method Principle of operation of induction
motor slip torque characteristics applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Basic Electrical Engineering by Nagsarkar,Sukhija, Oxford

Publications,2nd edition
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Basic Electrical Engineering by M.S.Naidu and S.Kamakshiah,TMH

Publications
2.
Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering by Rajendra Prasad, PHI

Publications,2nd edition
Part B Electronics Engineering

UNIT V
DIODE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS: PN Junction Diode, Symbol, V-
77
I Characteristics, Diode Applications, Rectifiers Half wave, Full wave

and Bridge Rectifiers (Problems)
UNIT VI
TRANSISTORS: PNP and NPN Junction Transistor, Transistor as an
Amplifier, Single Stage CE Amplifier, Frequency Response of CE Amplifier,
Concepts of Feedback Amplifier, Necessary conditions for Oscillators,
SCR Characteristics and applications
UNIT VII
INDUCTION HEATING: Theory of Induction Heating, Application to
Industries
DIELECTRIC HEATING: Theory of Dielectric Heating and its Industrial
Applications
ULTRASONICS: Generation, Flow detection and other Applications
UNIT VIII
TRANSDUCERS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS: Principles of Strain
Gauge, LVDT, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Piezo-electric transistors, CRO
Principles and application, Voltage, Current and Frequency Measurements,
Digital Multimeters.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Electronic Devices and Circuits, R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,

9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006.
2.
Industrial Electronics by G.K. Mittal, PHI.
78
2010-2011

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
UNIT-I:
Stoichiometric relation: basis of calculations, methods of expressing
compositions of mixtures and solutions, density and specific gravity,
Baume and API gravity scales.
Behavior of Ideal gases: Kinetic theory of gases, application of ideal gas
law, gaseous mixtures, gases in chemical reactions.
UNIT-II:
Vapor pressure: Liquefaction and liquid state, vaporization, boiling point,
effect of temperature on vapor pressure, Antoine equation, vapor pressure
plots, estimation of critical properties, vapor pressure of immiscible liquids
and ideal solutions, Raoults law. Non-volatile solutes.
UNIT-III:
Humidity and Saturation: Relative and percentage saturation or dew point,
wet bulb and dry bulb temperature, use of humidity charts for engineering
calculations.
UNIT-IV:
Material balances: Tie substance, Yield, conversion, processes involving
chemical reactions.
UNIT-V:
Material balance calculation involving drying, dissolution and
crystallization. Processes involving recycles, bypass and purge
UNIT-VI:
Thermophysics: Energy, energy balances, heat capacity of gases, liquid
and mixture solutions. Kopps rule, latent heats, heat of fusion and heat
of vaporization, Troutons rule, Kistyakowsky equation for non polar
liquids enthalpy and its evaluation.
UNIT-VII:
Thermochemistry: Calculation and applications of heat of reaction,
combustion, formation and neutralization, Kirchoffs equation, enthalpy
79
concentration change, calculation of theoretical and actual flame

temperatures
UNIT-VIII:
Combustion Calculations: Introduction, fuels, calorific value of fuels, coal,
liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, air requirement and flue gases, combustion
calculations, incomplete combustion, material and energy balances, thermal
efficiency calculations.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Chemical Process Principles, Part -I, Material and Energy Balances

by Hougen O A, Watson K.M. and Ragatz R.A. 2nd Ed., Cbs
Publishers & distributors, New Delhi (2010).
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering by D.H.

Himmelblau, 7th Ed. PHI, New Delhi ( 2009).
80
2010-2011

BASIC ENGINEERING (Mech+Elec) LABORATORY
Any SIX experiments from each section
Section A : Mechanical Engineering Laboratory:
1.
Draw the value timing diagram of a 4-stroke diesel engine and port
timing diagram of a 2-stroke petrol engine.
2.
Perform load test at full load, half load, 1/4 load on a 4-stroke Ruston
engine and draw the performance curves.
3.
I.C. Engines heat balance.
4.
Economical speed test of an IC engine.
5.
Performance test on variable compression ratio engines.
6.
Study of boilers.
7.
Find the volumetric efficiency, isothermal efficiency of the given
compressor.
8.
To determine the moment of inertia of a fly-wheel and shaft
experimentally and compare the values with the calculated values.
9.
To determine the modulus of rigidity of the material of the wire by
torsional oscillators.
Section B : Electrical Engineering Laboratory:
The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory
experiments :
1.
Swinburnes test on D.C. Shunt machine. (Predetermination of
efficiency of a given D.C. Shunt machine working as motor and
generator).
2.
OC and SC tests on single phase transformer (Predetermination of
efficiecy and regulation at given power factors)
3.
Brake test on 3-phase Induction motor (Determination of performance
characteristics)
4.
Regulation of alternator by Synchronous impedance method.
5.
Speed control of D.C. Shunt motor by
a) Armature Voltage control b) Field flux control method
6.
Brake test on D.C Shunt Motor
81

GEOLOGY LAB & SURVEYING LAB
GEOLOGY LAB
Geological - Field Mapping
Location of observed outcrops on the Toposheet. Geological mapping and
Traversing.
Measurement of the strike, dip and apparent and true thickness of the
outcrops.
Carrying out sampling of the outcrops for petrological, palynological and
palentological studies.
Preparation of the geological map of the area, structure contour maps and
isopach maps for different stratigraphic levels.
Preparation of litho stratigraphic columns, litho stratigraphic correlation,
geological cross sections.
Preparation of structural contour map and location of Oil Water Contact
(OWC)
Interpretation of isopach map and depositional model.
Field trips to the different deltaic environments of Godavari delta.
SURVEYING LAB
Study of linear measuring instruments and chain surveying.
Study of theodolite and traversing with theodolite,
Study of levels and ordinary leveling with tilting level, Profile leveling,
Study of total station and measurement with total station.
Study of Global Positioning System (GPS) and measurement with GPS.
82
2010-2011

ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE-I
LIFE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE EXPLORATIONS-I
Purpose of the Course: English for Semesters 3 is designed to provide the
learners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a reading
of literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to different
cultures vis--vis their own. Independent reading is also expected to
increase spontaneity in expression among the learners.
Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances in
culture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides the
learners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skills
that can be applied to any subject.
Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from across
cultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest.
This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personality
development. In all, five stories have been selected for English
Communication Practice.
Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics,
inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance.
Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2hrs per week (for pre-reading and post
reading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester - 32.
Time Allocation: Reading of the text should be done at home. The class
hours are meant for discussion, analysis and related activities. Project
should be completed in consultation with the teacher.
Evaluation: The learner will be assessed on a continuous basis by way
of projects and work-sheets given at the end of each story.
Stories selected for English Communication Practice
Life, Language and Culture:
1. The Cop and the Anthem by O. Henry
2. The Festival of the Sacred Tooth Relic in Sri Lanka
83
(Based on the Travelogues of FA Hien Compiled by Ashok JainAssisted

by Dhurjjati Sarma)
3. The Hawk and the Tree by Mohammad Azam Rahnaward Zaryab
4. To Be or Not To Be by Zaheda Hina
5. Bade Bhai Saab (My Elder Brother) by Munshi Premchand
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Life, Language and Culture Explorations-I, Cengage Learning India

Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
84
2010-2011

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -I
UNIT I
What is profession? - Engineering and Professionalism - Two model s of
Professionalism - Three Types of Ethics or Morality The Negative face
of Engineering Ethics - The Positive Face of Engineering Ethics Responsibility in Engineering - Engineering Standards - The Standard
Care Blame-Responsibility and Causation
UNIT II
Engineering Ethics Variety of moral issues types of inquiry moral
dilemmas moral autonomy The problems of Many Hands Kohlburgs
theory Gilligans theory Impediments to Responsible Action
UNIT III
Engineering as social experimentation Framing the problem Determining
the facts codes of ethics clarifying Concepts Application issues
Common Ground General principles Utilitarian thinking respect for
persons
UNIT IV
Engineers Responsibility for Safety Social and Value dimensions of
Technology - Technology Pessimism The Perils of Technological
Optimism The Promise of Technology Computer Technology Privacy
and Social Policy Risk Benefit Analysis Collegiality and loyalty
BOOKS:
1.
Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, Ethics in Engineering McGraw

Hill
2.
Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, Engineering Ethics, Cengage

Learning".
3.
Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, Fundamentals of Ethics for

Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press.
4.
PSR Murthy, Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics, BS

Publications
85
5.
Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research,

Cambridgs University Press,.
6.
Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGraw

Hill.
7.
Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall.
8.
George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", Cengage

Learning.
86
2010-2011

II Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. II-Sem.
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
UNIT-I
Probability: Sample space and events Probability The axioms of
probability Some Elementary theorems - Conditional probability Bayes
theorem.
UNIT-II
Random variables Discrete and continuous distributions - Distribution
function.
UNIT-III
Binomial, Poisson, normal distribution related properties. Moment
generating function, Moments of standard distributions properties.
UNIT-IV
Population and samples. Sampling distribution of mean (with known and
unknown variance), proportion, variances. - Sampling distribution of
sums and differences. Point and interval estimators for means, variances,
proportions.
UNIT-V
Statistical Hypothesis Errors of Type I and Type II errors and calculation.
One tail, two-tail tests. Testing hypothesis concerning means, proportions
and their differences using Z-test.
UNIT-VI
Tests of hypothesis using Students t-test, F-test and 2 test.. Test of
independence of attributes - ANOVA for one-way and two-way classified
data.
UNIT-VII
Statistical Quality Control methods Methods for preparing control
charts Problems using x-bar, p, R charts and attribute charts Simple
Correlation and Regression.
87
UNIT-VIII
Queuing Theory: Pure Birth and Death Process M/M/1 Model and Simple
Problems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Probability and Statistics for Engineers, Miller and John E. Freund,

Prentice Hall of India.
2.
Probability and Statistics, D. K. Murugeson & P. Guru Swamy,

Anuradha Publishers.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Probability, Statistics and Random processes. T. Veerrajan, Tata

Mc.Graw Hill, India.
2.
Probability, Statistics and Queuing theory applications for Computer

Sciences 2 ed, Trivedi, John Wiley.
88
2010-2011

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
UNIT-I:
Source Rocks: Definition of source rock. Organic rich sediments as
source rocks. Nature and type of source rocks - Claystone / shale. The
process of diagenesis, catagenesis and metagenesis in the formation of
source rocks. Evaluation of petroleum source rock potential. Limestones
as source rocks. Coring in claystone/shales for source rock evaluation.
Subsurface pressure temperature conditions for the generation of oil and
gas from the source sediments. Oil window.
UNIT-II:
Reservoir Rocks: Characteristics of Reservoir rocks classification and
nomenclature: Clastic Reservoir Rocks, Carbonate Reservoir Rocks,
Unconventional, fractured and miscellaneous reservoir rocks. Marine and
non marine reservoir rocks.
UNIT-III:
Reservoir pore space - porosity primary and secondary porosity,
Effective porosity, fracture porosity - permeability effective and relative
permeability - Effects of diagenesis on reservoir quality, reservoir
continuity- Relationship between porosity, permeability and texture.
Classification and origin of pore space Recrystallisation Dolomitization
phenomenon Cementation and compaction Artificial or man made
porosity and permeability.
Cap rocks:
Definition and characteristics of cap Rocks.
UNIT-IV:
Hydrocarbon migration: Geological framework of migration and
accumulation. The concept of hydrocarbon migration from source beds
to the carrier beds - Carrier beds to the reservoir - Free-path ways for
migration - Short distance and long distance migration - Evidence for
migration oil and gas seepages.
The concept of buoyancy, capillary pressure and wettability in the
process of migration of hydrocarbons Tilted oil water contacts Spill
point.
89
UNIT-V:
Primary and secondary migration- Migration and accumulation of
hydrocarbons Lateral migration and vertical migration Factors effecting
primary and secondary migration Time of accumulation.
UNIT-VI:
Entrapment of hydrocarbons: Mechanics of entrapment of hydrocarbons
- Traps in the path of migration, entrapment and accumulation of
hydrocarbons - Classification and types of traps: Structural, stratigraphic
and combination type of traps- Genesis of various types of Traps The
anticlinal theory traps caused by folding Traps caused by faulting
Traps caused by fracturing.
Primary Stratigraphic Traps Lenses and facies in chemical rocks
Porous carbonate facies Organic reefs Modern reefs Fossil reefs
Productive reefs Secondary stratigraphic traps Salt domes Origin of
salt domes Traps associated with salt domes.
UNIT-VII:
Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentary basins -origin and classification. Types
of basins and their relationship to hydrocarbon prospects. Basin location
and Crustal evolutions of sedimentary basins, Geosynclinal Basins, plate
tectonic theories, tectonic framework and classification of phenerozoic
sedimentary basins of India.
UNIT-VIII:
Tectonic classification, stratigraphic evolution and hydrocarbon
accumulations in the following basins of India
Cambay basin and Gulf of Cambay, Mumbai offshore, Cauvery basin,
Krishna-Godavari basin, and Mahanadi and Mahanadi Offshore.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Levorsen, A.I. Geology of Petroleum, 1967, 2nd Edn., CBS, New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Richard, C. Selley, 1998. Elements of Petroleum Geology, Academic

Press, London
2.
Welte, D.H. Harsfield, B. and Baker, D.R. 1997. (Eds.). Petroleum and
Basin Evolution, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
90
2010-2011

MATERIALS SCIENCE
UNIT-I
Introduction: Materials Science and Engineering, Classification of
Engineering materials, Levels of Structure, Structure-Property relationships
in materials
Crystal Geometry And Structure Determination: Space lattice and limit cell.
Bravais lattices, crystal systems with examples. Lattice coordinates, Miller
indices, Bravais indices for directions and places: crystalline and non
crystalline solids; ionic, covalent and metallic solids; packing efficiency,
ligancy and coordination number; structure determination by Brags X-ray
diffraction and powder methods.
UNIT-II
Structure of Solids: The crystalline and non crystalline states
inorganic solids: Covalent solids, metals and alloys, Ionic solids, The
structure of silica and silicates
polymers: Classification of polymers, Structure of long chain polymers,
Crystallinity of long chain polymers
UNIT-III
Crystal Imperfection: Point defects, line defects-edge and screw dislocation,
Burgers circuit and Burgers vectors, dislocation reaction, dislocation
motion, multiplication of dislocations during deformation , role of dislocation
on crystal properties; surface defects, dislocations on crystal properties;
surface defects; dislocation density and stress required to move
dislocations.
UNIT-IV
Phase diagrams: The Phase rule, single component systems, binary phase
diagrams, microstructural changes during cooling, The lever rule, some
typical phase diagrams, other applications of phase diagrams.
UNIT-V
Elastic, Anelastic and Visco elastic behavior: Elastic Behavior : Atomic
model of elastic behavior, the modulous as a parameter in design, rubber
like elasticity, Anelastic behavior: Relaxation processes-Viscoelastic
behavior: Spring-dashpot models
91
UNIT-VI
Plastic deformation and Creep in crystalline materials:
Plastic deformation: the tensile stress-strain curve, Plastic deformation by
slip, the shear strength of perfect and real crystals, the stress to move a
dislocation, the effect of temperature on the stress to move a dislocation,
multiplication of dislocations during deformation, work hardening and
dynamic recovery, the effect of grain size on dislocation motion, the effect
of solute atoms on dislocation motion, the effect of precipitate particles
on dislocation motion.
Creep: Mechanisms of Creep, creep resistant materials
UNIT-VII
Fracture: Ductile fracture, Brittle fracture, fracture toughness, the ductilebrittle transition, methods of protection against failure, fatigue fracture.
Oxidation and Corrosion: Mechanisms of Oxidation, Oxidation resistant
materials.
Corrosion: Principle of Corrosion, types of corrosion, protection against
corrosion.
Shaping, Strengthening and toughening processes: Solution hardening,
Strain hardening and Annealing: cold work, Recrystallization,
Recrystallization temperatures, Recrystallization rates, Processing StrainHardenable materials
UNIT-VIII
precipitation hardening: Age hardening, Overaging, combined hardening,
heat Treatments of steels: Annealing processes, Quenching and Tempering
process, Hardenability of Steels: Hardenability curves, use of hardenability
curves, Tempered hardeness.
Introduction to Nano-materials, Synthesis of nano-materials,
Characterization of nano-materials
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Materials Science and Engineering; V. Raghavan; 5th Edition, PHI,

New Delhi (2009).
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Lawrence H. Van

Vlack, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi (1989).
92
2010-2011

MOMENTUM TRANSFER
UNIT-I:
Unit operations and unit processes, unit systems, basic concepts, nature
of fluids, hydrostatic equilibrium, applications of fluid statics: U-Tube and
Inclined Manometers, Decanters, Centrifuges.
UNIT-II:
Fluid flow phenomena-Laminar flow, Shear rate, Shear stress, Rheological
properties of fluids, Turbulence, Boundary layers.
UNIT-III:
Basic equation of fluid flow Mass balance in a flowing fluid; continuity,
differential momentum balance; equations of motion, Macroscopic
momentum balances, Mechanical energy equations
UNIT-IV:
Incompressible and Compressible Flow in pipes and channels- shear
stress and skin friction in pipes, laminar flow in pipes and channels,
turbulent flow in pipes and channels, friction from changes in velocity or
direction.
UNIT-V:
Non Newtonian Fluids: Time Independent and Time dependent fluids,
frictional losses in contractions, Expansions and fittings, Velocity profiles,
Flow properties using rotational viscometer. Dimensional Analysis.
UNIT-VI:
Flow past immersed bodies, Drag and Drag coefficient, flow through beds
of solids, motion of particles through fluids. Fluidization, Conditions for
fluidization, Minimum fluidization velocity, Types of fluidization, Expansion
of fluidized bed, Applications of fluidization. Continuous fluidization;
slurry and pneumatic transport
UNIT-VII:
Transportation and Metering of fluids- Pipes, fittings and valves, pumps:
positive displacement pumps, and centrifugal pumps. Measurement of
flowing fluids- full bore meters, insertion meters.
93
UNIT-VIII:
Flow of compressible fluids- Definitions and basic equations, Processes
of compressible flow, Isentropic flow through nozzles, adiabatic frictional
flow, and isothermal frictional flow. Fans, blowers, and compressors,
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, W.L.McCabe, J.C.Smith &

Peter Harriot, McGraw-Hill, 6th ed, 2001.
2.
Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Christie J. Geankoplis,

PHI (For Unit-V).
94
2010-2011

PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER
UNIT-I:
Introduction
Nature of heat flow, conduction, convection, natural and forced convection,
radiation.
Heat transfer by conduction in Solids
Fouriers law , thermal conductivity, steady state conduction in plane wall
& composite walls, compound resistances in series, heat flow through a
cylinder, conduction in spheres, thermal contact resistance, plane wall:
variable conductivity
Unsteady state heat conduction
Equation for one-dimensional conduction, Semi-infinite solid, finite solid.
UNIT-II:
Principles of heat flow in fluids
Typical heat exchange equipment, countercurrent and parallel current
flows, energy balances, rate of heat transfer, overall heat transfer coefficient,
electrical analogy, critical radius of insulation, logarithmic mean temperature
difference, variable overall coefficient, multi-pass exchangers, individual
heat transfer coefficients, resistance form of overall coefficient, fouling
factors, classification of individual heat transfer coefficients, magnitudes
of heat transfer coefficients, effective coefficients for unsteady-state heat
transfer.
UNIT-III:
Heat Transfer to Fluids without Phase change
Regimes of heat transfer in fluids, thermal boundary layer, heat transfer by
forced convection in laminar flow, heat transfer by forced convection in
turbulent flow, the transfer of heat by turbulent eddies and analogy
between transfer of momentum and heat, heat transfer to liquid metals,
heating and cooling of fluids in forced convection outside tubes.
95
UNIT-IV:
Natural convection
Natural convection to air from vertical shapes and horizontal planes, effect
of natural convection in laminarflow heat transfer, free convection in
enclosed spaces, mixed free & forced convection.
UNIT-V:
Heat transfer to fluids with phase change
Heat transfer from condensing vapors, heat transfer to boiling liquids.
UNIT-VI:
Heat exchange equipment
General design of heat exchange equipment, heat exchangers, condensers,
boilers and calendrias, extended surface equipment, heat transfer in
agitated vessels, scraped surface heat exchangers, heat transfer in packed
beds, heat exchanger effectiveness (NTU method)
UNIT-VII:
Evaporators
Evaporators, performance of tubular evaporators, capacity and economy,
multiple effect evaporators, vapour recompression.
UNIT-VIII:
Radiation
Introduction, properties and definitions, black body radiation, real surfaces
and the gray body, absorption of radiation by opaque solids, radiation
between surfaces, radiation shielding, radiation to semi transparent
materials, combined heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McCabe, Smith and Peter

Harriot, McGraw-Hill 5th edition 1993.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Process heat transfer D.Q.Kern, Tata McGraw-Hill,1997
96
2010-2011

THERMODYNAMICS FOR PETROLEUM ENGINEERS
UNIT-I:
Introduction: The scope of thermodynamics, defined quantities;
temperature, volume, pressure, work, energy, heat, Joules Experiments, SI
units.
The first law and other basic concepts: The first law of thermodynamics,
thermodynamic state and state functions, enthalpy, the steady-state steadyflow process, equilibrium, the reversible process, constant-V and constantP processes, heat capacity.
UNIT-II:
Volumetric properties of pure fluids: The PVT behavior of pure substances,
virial equations, the ideal gas, the applications of the virial equations,
Cubic equations of state, generalized correlations for gases.
UNIT-III:
The second law of thermodynamics: Statements of the second law, heat
engines, thermodynamic temperature scales, thermodynamic temperature
and the ideal-gas scale, Entropy, Entropy changes of an ideal gas,
mathematical statement of the second law, the third law of thermodynamics.
Mollier diagram and steam tables.
UNIT-IV
Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids: Property relations for homogeneous
phases, Residual properties, Generalized property correlations for gases.
Thermodynamics of flow processes; principles of conservation of mass
and energy for flow systems, analysis of expansion processes; turbines,
throttling; compression processes compressors and pumps; calculation
of ideal work and last work. Examples on hydrocarbons and natural gas.
UNIT-V:
Solution thermodynamics: Fundamental property relation, chemical
potential as a criterion for phase equilibrium, partial properties, ideal gas
mixtures, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species, fugacity and
fugacity coefficient for species in solutions, generalized correlations for
97
Fugacity coefficient, The ideal solutions, excess properties, models for

excess Gibbs Energy.
UNIT-VI:
VLE at low to moderate pressures: The nature of equilibrium, the phase
rule, Duhems theorem, VLE: Qualitative behavior, the gamma /Phi
formulation of VLE, Dew point and bubble point calculations, flash
calculations, solute (1)/solvent (2) systems
UNIT-VII:
Thermodynamic properties and VLE from equations of state: properties
of fluids from the virial equations of state, properties of fluids from cubic
equations of state, fluid properties from correlations of the Pitzer type,
VLE from cubic equations of state. Property Correlations for hydrocarbons
and their mixtures. Algorithms and software packages for calculation of
VLE of hydrocarbaon mixtures at low and high pressures.
UNIT-VIII:
Topics in phase Equilibria: Equilibrium and stability, liquid-liquid equilibrium
(LLE), vapor- liquidliquid equilibrium (VLLE), solid-liquid equilibrium
(SLE), solid vapor equilibrium (SVE), equilibrium absorption of gases on
solids.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M. Smith,

H.C. Van Ness and M.M. Abbott, 7th ed. McGraw Hill, 2005.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions. M. R. Riaze,

ASTM, USA, 2005.
2.
Equation of state and PVT analysis. Tarek Ahmed, Gulf publishing

company, Houston, 2007.
98
2010-2011

MOMENTUM TRANSFER LAB
1.
Identification of laminar and turbulent flows

Major equipment - Reynolds apparatus
2.
Measurement of point velocities

Major equipment - Pitot tube setup
3.
Verification of Bernoullis equation

Major equipment Bernoullis Apparatus
4.
Calibration of Rotameter
Major equipment Rotameter Assembly
5.
Variation of Orifice coefficient with Reynolds Number

Major equipment - Orifice meter Assembly
6.
Determination of Venturi coefficient

Major equipment Venturi meter Assembly
7.
Friction losses in Fluid flow in pipes

Major equipment - Pipe Assembly with provision for Pressure
measurement
8.
Pressure drop in a packed bed for different fluid velocities

Major equipment - Packed bed with Pressure drop measurement
9.
Pressure drop and void fraction in a fluidized bed

Major equipment - Fluidized bed with Pressure drop measurement
10.
Studying the coefficient of contraction for a given open orifice

Major equipment - Open Orifice Assembly
11.
Studying the coefficient of discharge in a V-notch

Major equipment - V-notch Assembly
12.
Studying the Characteristics of a centrifugal pump

Major equipment - Centrifugal Pump
13.
Viscosity determination using Stokes law.

Major equipment Terminal Velocity determination column
99

PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER LAB
1.
Determination of total thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of

composite wall.Major equipment - Composite wall Assembly
2.
Determination of thermal conductivity of a metal rod. Major equipment

- Thermal Conductivity apparatus
3.
Determination of natural convective heat transfer coefficient for a

vertical tube. Major equipment - Natural convection heat transfer
apparatus
4.
Determination of critical heat flux point for pool boiling of water.

Major equipment- Pool boiling apparatus
5.
Determination of forced convective heat transfer coefficient for air

flowing through a pipe. Major equipment Forced convection heat
transfer apparatus
6.
Determination of overall heat transfer coefficient in double pipe heat

exchanger. Major equipment - Double pipe heat exchanger apparatus
7.
Study of the temperature distribution along the length of a pin-fin

under natural and forced convection Conditions. Major equipment
- Pin fin apparatus
8.
Estimation of un-steady state film heat transfer coefficient between

the medium in which the body is cooled.
Major equipment - Heat transfer coefficient determination apparatus.
9.
Determination of Stefan Boltzmann constant. Major equipment Stefan Boltzmann apparatus
10.
Determination of emissivity of a given plate at various temperatures.

Major equipment - Emissivity determination apparatus
11.
Determination of radiation constant of a given surface. Major

equipment - Emissivity determination apparatus.
100
2010-2011

ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE - II
Name of the Course: Explorations II
Life, Language and Culture
Purpose of the Course: English for Semester 4 is designed to provide the
learners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a reading
of literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to different
cultures vis--vis their own. Independent reading is also expected to
increase spontaneity in expression among the learners.
Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances in
culture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides the
learners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skills
that can be applied to any subject.
Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from across
cultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest.
This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personality
development. In all, five literary pieces for Explorations II have been
selected and another showcasing a holistic approach to life that can help
one develop into better individuals and professionals.
Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics,
inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance.
Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2 hrs per week (for pre-reading and
post reading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester 32.
Time Allocation for each unit: Reading of the text should be done at
home. The class hours are meant for discussion, analysis and related
activities. Project should be completed in consultation with the teacher.
The title of the book
Explorations- II Life, Language and Culture
The stories included are
1. Morning Bells by Jayashree Mohanraj
2.The Power of the Plate of Rice by Ifeoma Okoye
101
3. Famadihana and the Other Rituals by Jayashree Mohanraj

4. Dial 000 by Barry Rosenberg
5. Tsunami Religion by Anjali Prashar
1.
Prescribed Textbook
Life, Language and Culture: Explorations -2, Cengage Learning India Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
102
2010-2011

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -II
UNIT I
Human Values - Morals, Values, and Ethics Integrity - Work Ethic
Service Learning Civic Virtue Respect for Others Living Peacefully
caring Sharing Honesty Courage Valuing Time Co-operation
Commitment Empathy Self-Confidence Spirituality Character
UNIT II
Engineering Ethics consensus controversy Models of Professional
Roles theories about right action Self interest customs and religion
uses of ethical theories
UNIT III
Engineers Responsibility for Rights - respect for authority conflicts of
interest-Occupational crime professional rights and employee rights
Communicating Risk and Public Policy- collective bargaining
UNIT IV
Global Issues- Multinational Corporations Environmental Ethics
Engineers as Managers, Advisors, and experts witnesses moral leadership
sample code of ethics like ASME, ASCE, IEEE, IETE, Institute of Engineers
Problem of Bribery, Extortion and Grease payments Problem of
Nepotism, Excessive Gifts Paternalism Different business practices
Negotiating Taxes
BOOKS:
1.
Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, Ethics in Engineering McGraw

Hill
2.
Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, Engineering Ethics, Cengage

Learning".
3.
Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, Fundamentals of Ethics for

Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press.
4.
PSR Murthy, Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics, BS

Publications
103
5.
Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research,

Cambridgs University Press,.
6.
Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGraw

Hill.
7.
Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall.
8.
George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", Cengage

Learning.
104
e
x
2010-2011

III Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. I-Sem.
PETROLEUM EXPLORATION
UNIT-I
Introduction: Overview of petroleum exploration- Global petroleum
exploration scenario with Indian context.
UNIT-II
Geological and geochemical methods of hydrocarbon exploration.
UNIT-III
Sedimentlogical and biostratigraphic approaches in hydrocarbon
exploration.
UNIT-IV
Basic concepts of magnetic methods: The geomagnetic field- Magnetic
anomalies- Magnetic survey-instruments- Field method of magnetic surveysReduction of magnetic data-Diurnal correction and geomagnetic correctionInterpretation of magnetic anomaly- Response of magnetic method for
different type of bodies and geological structure- Application of magnetic
surveys both overland and from air.
UNIT- V
Basic concepts of gravity methods: Newtons gravitational law- Units of
gravity- Gravity measuring instruments- Gravity survey- Gravity anomaliesGravity data reduction- Drift- latitude- Elevation and free air correctionFree air & bouguer anomalies- Gravity response of simple shapesInterpretation of gravity anomalies- Application of gravity methods.
UNIT-VI
Basic Concepts of seismic methods: Seismic refraction surveys- Geometry
of refracted path, planar interface- Two layer case with horizontal interfaceMethodology of refraction profiling- Recording instruments & energy
sources- Corrections applied to refraction data Interpretation of refraction
data- Application of seismic refraction method.
UNIT-VII
Geometry of reflected ray path: Single horizontal reflector- The reflection
seismograph and seismogram (Seismic traces)- Importance of seismic
105
reflection survey over seismic refraction survey technique- Common

depth point (CDP) profiling & stacking- 2D, 3D, & 4D seismic surveysField procedures & principles- Time corrections applied to seismic dataData processing- Interpretation of reflection data- Introduction to 3D data
acquisition & interpretation.
UNIT-VIII
Well seismic shooting for velocity determination and Vertical Seismic
Profiling (VSP).
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting, Milton B. Dobrin, and Carl

H. Savit, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill, 1988.
2.
Outlines of Geophysical Prospecting: A Manual for Geologists, M.B.

Ramachandra Rao, EBD Educational Pvt Ltd., 1993.
3.
Field Geophysics, John Milsom and Asger Eriksen, 4th Edition, John
Wiley, 2011.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Elements of Geology: Oil and Gas Exploration Techniques, J. Guillemot,

Technip 1991.
106
2010-2011

WELL LOGGING & FORMATION EVALUATION
UNIT-I
Concepts of well logging: What is well logging? - Logging terminologyBorehole environment- Borehole temperature and pressure- Log header
and depth scale- Major components of well logging unit and logging
setup- Classification of well logging methods- Log presentation- Log
quality control.
UNIT-II
Open hole logging: SP Logging- Origin of SP- Uses of SP log- Calculation
of salinity of formation water-Shalyness- Factors influence SP log.
Caliper log: Principle and application of caliper tool.
Gamma ray log: Principle of radioactivity- Uses of gamma ray logDetermination of shalyness of formation- API counts- Calibration of
gamma ray tool- Statistical fluctuation- Time constant.
Natural spectral gamma ray log: Principle and application.
UNIT-III
Resistivity log: Single point resistance log (SPR)- Conventional resistivity
logs- Response of potential and gradient logs over thin and thick conductive
and resistive formations- Limitations of conventional resistivity toolsFocused resistivity log- Advantages of focused resistivity tools over
conventional resistivity tools.
Micro resistivity log: Conventional and focused micro resistivity logs and
their application.
Induction log: Principle of induction tool and the advantages- Criteria for
selection of induction and lateral logging tool- Determination of true
resistivity (Rt) of the formation- Resistivity index- Archies equation.
UNIT-IV
Density log: Principle of density tool- Environmental corrections- Porosity
determination- Tool calibration- Litho density log- Synthetic seismograms.
Neutron log: Principle and application of neutron tool- Porosity
determination.
107
Sonic log: Principle and application of sonic log- Bore hole compensationDetermination of primary and secondary porosity.
UNIT-V
Cased hole logging: Gamma ray spectral log- Neutron decay time logDetermination of fluid saturation behind casing- Cement bond log- Casing
collar log- Depth control- Perforation technique- Free point locater and
plug setting- Casing inspection logs.
Production logging: Solving production problems with the help of fluid
density log- Temperature log and flow meter logs.
UNIT-VI
Advances in well logging: Dip meter log- Formation tester- Image logsCased hole resistivity logs- Nuclear magnetic resonance log.
UNIT-VII
Interpretation: Quick look interpretation- Cross plots- Neutron- DensitySonic- Neutron cross plots-Hingle plot- Mid plot - Correlation- Hydrocarbon
reserve estimate.
UNIT-VIII
Direct Methods: Mud logging- Coring Conventional and sidewall coring
- Core analysis.
Well logging applications: Ground water- Mineral exploration (magnetic
susceptibility log)- Hydrocarbon exploration- Engineering applications
(Determination of mechanical properties of rock, Elastic constants, Fractures
etc.).
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Formation Evaluation, Edward J. Lynch, Harper & Row, 1962.
2.
Well logging and Formation Evaluation, Toby Darling, Elsevier, New

York, 2005.
3.
Well Logging & Reservoir Evaluation, Oberto Serra, Editions Technip,

2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Hydrocarbon Well Logging Recommended Practice, Society of

Professional Well Log Analysts.
108
2010-2011
2.
Open Hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation, Richard M.

Batemons, International Human Resources Development Corporation,
Bostan, 1985.
3.
Well Logging for Earth Scientists, Darwin V. Ellis, Julian M. Singer,

Springer, 2007.
4.
Fundamentals of Well Log Interpretation: The Acquisition of Data,

Oberto Serra, Elsevier, 1984.
5.
Well Logging Handbook, Oberto Serra, Editions Technip, 2008.
109

DRILLING TECHNOLOGY
UNIT-I
Overview of drilling & well completion: Drilling Planning ApproachesDrilling team- Types of drilling.
UNIT-II
Rotary bit technology- Drilling string basics.
UNIT-III
Drilling fluids and hydraulics: Drilling fluid economics- Drilling fluid
properties- Drilling fluid report hydraulics calculations- Bit HydraulicsOptimization- Swab & Surge-pressures- Mud hydraulics analysis report.
UNIT-IV
Casing & cementation: Casing standards- Casing coupling- Cementing:
Introduction cement slurries-Typical field calculations- Cementing
nomenclature- Cement additives- Casing & cementing analysis report.
UNIT-V
Directional drilling: Applications- Well planning- Down-hole motorsDeflection tools and techniques- Face orientation- Direction control with
rotary assemblies- Navigation drilling systems- Horizontal wells-Fishing
operations- MWD, LWD & ERD and Bi-centric bits.
UNIT-VI
Stuck pipe, well control: Kicks- Kick control- Pressure control theoryBOP-Special kick problems and procedures to free the pipes.
UNIT-VII
Drillers logs: Sample logs- Miscellaneous logging devices.
Formation damage: Causes- Prevention of formation damage- Quantitative
analysis of formation damage.
Drill stem testing: General procedure- General consideration- Test tool
components and arrangement- Qualitative pressure chart analysis- Analysis
of test data- Wire line formation testing.
110
2010-2011
UNIT-VIII
Disposing of the drilling fluids waste and drill cuttings waste.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Engineering: Drilling and Well Completion, Carl Gatlin,

Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1960.
2.
Drilling Engineering, J.J. Azar and G.Robello Samuel, PennWell Books,

2007.
3.
Working Guide to Drilling Equipment and Operations, William Lyons,

Gulf Publishing, 2009.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Oil Well Drilling Engineering: Principles and Practice, H. Rabia,

Graham & Trotman, 1985.
2.
Drilling Engineering: A Complete Well Planning Approach, Neal

Adams, Tommie Charrier Pennwell, 1985.
3.
Practical Well Planning and Drilling Manual, Steve Devereux,

Pennwell, 1998.
4.
Primer of Oil Well Service, Workover and Completion, Petroleum

Extension Service, University of Texas at Austin, 1997.
5.
Formulas and Calculation for Drilling, Production and workover,

Norton J. Lapeyrouse, 2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing, 2002.
6.
Applied Drilling Engineering, Adam T. Bourgoyne Jr., Keith K.

Millheim, Martine E. Chenevert and F. S. Young Jr., Society of
Petroleum Engineers, 1991.
7.
Well Engineering and Construction, Hussain Rabia, Entrac

Consulting, 2002.
8.
Drilling Fluids Processing Handbook, ASME Shale Shaker Committee,

Gulf Professional Publishing, 2005.
9.
Fundamentals of Drilling Engineering, Robert F. Mitchell, Stefan Z.

Miska, Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2011.
111

PETROLEUM REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Origin, formation and composition of petroleum: Origin and formation of
petroleum- Reserves and deposits of world- Indian Petroleum Industry.
UNIT-II
Petroleum processing data: Evaluation of petroleum-Thermal properties
of petroleum fractions-Important products- Properties and test methods.
UNIT-III
Fractionation of petroleum: Dehydration and desalting of crudes- Heating
of crude pipe still heaters- Atmospheric and vacuum distillations- Blending
of gasoline.
UNIT-IV
Treatment techniques: Fraction- Impurities- Treatment of gasolineTreatment of kerosene- Treatment of lubes.
UNIT-V
Thermal and catalytic processes: Cracking- Catalytic cracking- Catalytic
reforming- Hydrocracking-coking- Hydrogenation processes- Alkylations
processes- Isomerization process.
UNIT-VI
Petrochemical Industry Feed stocks-Naphtha cracking-Gas cracking and
Gas reforming.
UNIT-VII
Chemicals from gas reforming: Methanol- Acetic acid- Ammonia and
urea.
UNIT-VIII
Olefins feed stock for polymers: LDPE, HDPE & LLDPE and PolypropyleneMEG- Ethyl benzene-styrene and polystyrene.
112
2010-2011
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, J.H. Gary and

G.E.Handwerk, 4th Edition, Marcel Dekkar, Inc., 2001.
2.
Modern Petroleum Refining Processes, B.K. Bhaskara Rao, 5th Edition,

Oxford & IBH Publishing, 2011.
3.
Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd.,

2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Refining Engineering, WL Nelson, 4th Edition, Mc Graw

Hill Company, 1958.
2.
Chemical Technology of Petroleum, W.S.Gruese and D.R. Stevens,

McGraw Hill, 1960.
3.
Fundamentals of Petroleum Chemical Technology, P Belov, Mir

Publishers, 1970.
4.
Petrochemical Processes, A. Chauvel and G.Lefebvre, Volume 1 & 2,

Gulf Publishing Company, 1989.
5.
Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Mater, Lewis F. Hatch,

2nd Edition, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2001.
6.
Chemicals from Petroleum: An Introductory Survey, Waddams, A.L.,

4th Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1978.
7.
Handbook of Petrochemicals Production Processes, R.A. Meyers,

TRW,Inc., 2005.
8.
Petrochemicals, P.Wiseman, Ellis Horwood, 1986.
9.
Petrochemical Processes Handbook, Hydrocarbon Processing, 2010.
113

PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION
UNIT-I
Elements of instruments- Static and dynamic characteristics- Basic concepts
of response of first order type instruments- Mercury in glass thermometerBimetallic thermometer- Pressure spring thermometer- Static accuracy and
response of thermometry.
UNIT-II
Thermo electricity: Industrial thermocouples- Thermo couple wiresThermo couple wells and response of thermo couples.
UNIT-III
Thermal coefficient of resistance- Industrial resistance- Thermometer bulbs
and circuits- Radiation receiving elements- Radiation photo electric and
optical pyrometers.
UNIT-IV
Composition analysis- Spectroscopic analysis by absorption, emission,
mass and color measurement spectrometers- Gas analysis by thermal
conductivity- analysis of moisture by refractometer.
UNIT-V
Pressure, vacuum and head: liquid column manometers- Measuring
elements for gauge pressure and vacuum- Indicating elements for pressure
gauges- Measurement of absolute pressure- Measuring pressure in
corrosive liquids- Static accuracy and response of pressure gauges.
UNIT-VI
Head, density and specific gravity- Direct measurement of liquid levelPressure measurement in open vessels- Level measurements in pressure
vessels- Measurement of interface level- Density measurement and level
of dry materials.
UNIT-VII
Head flow meters- Area flow meters- Open channel meters- Viscosity
meters- Quantity meters- Flow of dry materials- Viscosity measurements.
114
2010-2011
UNIT-VIII
Recording instruments- Indicating and signaling instruments- Transmission
of instrument readings- Controls center- Instrumentation diagram and
process analysis- Digital instrumentation.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Industrial Instrumentation, Donald P.Eckman, CBS, 2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Principles of Industrial Instrumentation, Patranabis, 2nd Edition, Tata

Mc Graw-Hill, 1996.
2.
Process Control and Instrumentation Technology, Curtis D. Johnson,

3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988.
3.
Process Instrumentation Applications Manual, Bob Connell, 2nd

Edition, Mc Graw-Hill, 1995.
115

PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
UNIT I
Introduction to process dynamics and control- Response of First Order
Systems - Physical examples of first order systems.
UNIT-II
Response of first order systems in series- Higher order systems- Second
order and transportation lag.
UNIT-III
Control systems controllers and final control elements- Block diagram of
a chemical rector control system.
UNIT-IV
Closed loop transfer functions -Transient response of simple control
systems.
UNIT-V
Stability criterion- Routh Test- Root locus.
UNIT-VI
Transient response from root locus- Application of root locus to control
systems Introduction to frequency response- Control systems design by
frequency response.
UNIT-VII
Advanced control strategies- Cascade control- Feed forward controlRatio control- Smith predictor- Dead time compensation- Internal model
control.
UNIT-VIII
Controller tuning and process identification- Control valves.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Process Systems Analysis and Control, D.R. Coughanowr, 2nd Edition,

McGraw Hill, 1991.
116
2010-2011
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Chemical Process Control, G. Stephanopoulos, Prentice Hall, 1984.
2.
Coulson and Richardsons Chemical Engineering: Chemical and

Biochemical Reactors and Process Control, Richardson J. F. et.al,
Volume 3, 3rd Edition, Elsevier India, 2006.
3.
Automatic Process Control, Donald P. Eckman, John wiley, Reprint

2011.
4.
Process Dynamics and Control, Dale Seaborg, Thomas F. Edgar,

Duncan Mellichamp, 2nd Edition, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
5.
Principles of Process Control, Patranabis, 3rd Edition McGraw-Hill

Education Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
6.
Industrial Process Control Systems, Dale R. Patrick, Stephon, W.

Fardo, 2nd Edition, CRC Press, 2009.
7.
Modern Control Systems, 11th Edition, Dorf Pearson, 2008.
8.
Modern Control Engineering, Katsuhiko Ogata, 5th Edition, Prentice

Hall, 2010.
9.
Principles and Practices of Automatic Process Control, Carlos A.

Smith, Armando B. Corripio, 3rd International Edition, John Wiley and
Sons, 2005.
10.
Process Control: Concepts, Dynamics & Control, S. K. Single, PHI

Learning, 2009.
11.
Process Control, Peter Harriott, Tata McGraw-Hill 1964. (10th Edition

reprint 2008).
12.
Computer- Aided Process Control, S. K. Singh, PHE Learning, 2004.
13.
Essentials of Process Control, William L. Luyben, Michacl L. Luyben,

McGraw-Hill, 1997.
117

INSTRUMENTATION & PROCESS CONTROL LAB
1.
Calibration and determination of time lag of various first and second

order instruments.
Major equipment - First order instrument like Mercury in Glass
thermometer and overall second order instrument like Mercury in
Glass thermometer in a thermal well.
2.
Experiments with single and two capacity systems with and without
interaction.
Major equipment- Single tank system, two tank systems (Interacting
and Non-Interacting).
3.
Level control trainer

Major equipment - Level control trainer set up with computer.
4.
Temperature control trainer

Major equipment - Temperature control trainer with computer.
5.
Cascade control
Major equipment - Cascade control apparatus with computer.
6.
Experiments on proportional, reset, rate mode of control etc.

Major equipment PID control apparatus
7.
Control valve characteristics

Major equipment Control valve set up.
8.
Estimation of damping coefficient for U-tube manometer

Major equipment - U-tube manometer.
118
2010-2011

PETROLEUM ANALYSIS LAB
1.
Determination of Distillation characteristics of crude oil & gasoline.
2.
Determination of Reid vapor pressure of crude oil & gasoline.
3.
Determination of Viscosity of diesel and transformer oils.
4.
Determination of Smoke point of kerosene.
5.
Determination of Carbon residue of petroleum oils.
6.
Determination of Flash & Fire points of gasoline, kerosene and

other products.
7.
Estimation of Water content in petroleum products.
8.
Estimation of calorific value of LPG/gasoline.
9.
Determination of Aniline point of gasoline and diesel oil.
10.
Determination of Softening point of bitumen.
11.
Determination of Cloud & Pour points of petroleum products.
12.
Detection of Corrosiveness of petroleum products.
119

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS I
UNIT I
Introduction to Intellectual Property Law The Evolutionary Past - The
IPR Tool Kit- Para -Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law Ethical
obligations in Para Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law - Introduction
to Cyber Law Innovations and Inventions Trade related Intellectual
Property Right
UNIT II
Introduction to Trade mark Trade mark Registration Process Post
registration Procedures Trade mark maintenance - Transfer of Rights Inter partes Proceeding Infringement - Dilution Ownership of Trade mark
Likelihood of confusion - Trademarks claims Trademarks Litigations
International Trade mark Law
UNIT III
Introduction to Copyrights Principles of Copyright Principles -The
subjects Matter of Copy right The Rights Afforded by Copyright Law
Copy right Ownership, Transfer and duration Right to prepare
Derivative works Rights of Distribution Rights of Perform the work
Publicity Copyright Formalities and Registrations - Limitions - Copyright
disputes and International Copyright Law Semiconductor Chip Protection
Act
UNIT IV
Introduction to Trade Secret Maintaining Trade Secret Physical
Secrurity Employee Limitation - Employee confidentiality agreement Trade Secret Law - Unfair Competation Trade Secret Letigation Breach
of Contract Applying State Law
BOOKS:
1.
Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property. Cengage learning , New

Delhi
2.
Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers",

BS Publications (Press)
120
2010-2011
3.
Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Westerns Special Topics Collections
4.
Prabhuddha Ganguli: Intellectual Property Rights Tata Mc-Graw

Hill, New Delhi
5.
Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
6.
R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights",

Excel Books. New Delhi.
7.
M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Right

Serials Pub.
121

INDUSTRIAL VISITS
During the semester, all the students are required to visit minimum 6 major
petroleum industries like ONGC, RIL, GAIL, OIL India Ltd., and Petroleum
Refineries like HPCL, IOCL, CPCL accompanied by two faculty members.
After each visit, every student should submit a very brief report on the
industry with flow diagrams and salient features of the processes that
include safety and environmental aspects.
122
2010-2011

III Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. II-Sem.
WELL COMPLETIONS & TESTING
UNIT-I
Well completion: Types of wells- Completion functions- Types of
completion.
UNIT-II
Mechanical aspects of well testing- Cased hole logging equipment and
application and perforation methods and perforation equipment.
UNIT-III
Packers: Function- Application- Proper selection- water / gas shot off,
horizon separation, etc.
UNIT-IV
Completion equipment (SSD, SSSV, mandrels, locks etc.)- Data acquisition
in wells- Fibre optics- Permanent gauges- Memory gauges- SCADA
systems- Intelligent completion equipment.
UNIT-V
Tubing string design (dimension, materials and connections etc.) based
on pressure, temperature, operating conditions- Media- Safety requirements.
UNIT-VI
HPHT and horizontal well completions- Workover equipment wirelineScrubbing unit- Coil tubing completion and work over design and execution.
UNIT-VII
Introduction to well servicing and stimulation system Objectives and
applications.
UNIT-VIII
Pressure build up& Pressure draw down tests- Multirate tests- Analysis
of well tests using type curves-Other well tests- Flow after flow tests in
gas wells- Isochronal & modified isochronal tests- Use of pseudo pressure
in gas well test analysis.
123
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Well Completion and Servicing, D. Perrin, Micheal Caron, Georges

Gaillot, Editions Technip, 1999.
2.
Primer of Well Service, Workover and Completion, Petroleum

Extension Service (PETEX), University of Texas at Austin, 1997.
3.
Well Testing, John Lee, Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1982.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Well Completion Design, Jonathan Bellarby, Elsevier, 2009.
2.
Petroleum Engineering: Principles and Practice, J.S Archer & C.G.

Wall, Graham & Trotman, Inc., 1986.
3.
Advanced Well Completion Engineering, Wan Renpu, Gulf

Professional Publishing, 2011.
124
2010-2011

PETROLEUM RESERVOIR ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Some basic concepts in reservoir engineering: Calculation of hydrocarbon
volumes- Fluid pressure regimes- Oil recovery and recovery factorVolumetric gas reservoir engineering Application of the real gas equation
of state - Gas material balance and recovery factor- Hydrocarbon phase
behavior.
UNIT-II
PVT analysis for oil: Definition of the basic PVT parameters Collection
of fluid samples - Determination of the basic parameters in the laboratory
and conversion for field operating conditions - Alternative manner of
expressing PVT lab analysis results - Complete PVT analysis.
UNIT-III
Material balance applied to oil reservoirs: General form -The material
balance expressed as a linear equation- Reservoir drive mechanismSolution gas drive- Gas cap drive- Natural water drive- compaction drive
under related pore compressibility phenomena.
Darcys law and applications: Darcys law and field potential- Sign
convention- Units and units conversion- Real gas potential Datum
pressures- Radial steady state flow and well stimulation- Two phase flowEffective and relative permeabilities.
UNIT-IV
The basic differential equation for radial flow in a porous mediumDerivation of the basic radial differential equation Conditions of solution
The linearization of the equation for fluids of small and constant
compressibility.
Well inflow estimation for stabilized flow conditions: Semi steady state
solution Steady state solution Example of the application of the
stabilized inflow equations Generalized form of inflow equation under
semi steady state conditions.
125
UNIT-V
The constant terminal rate solution of the radial diffusivity equation and
its application to oil well testing: The constant terminal rate solution
Transient, semi steady state and steady state flow conditions
Dimensionless variables General theory of well testing The Mathews,
Brons, Hazebroek pressure build up theory - Pressure build up analysis
techniques Multi Rate Drawdown testing The effects of partial well
completion After flow analysis.
UNIT-VI
Gas well testing: Linearization and solution of the basic differential
equation for the radial flow of a real gas The Russel, Goodrich etal.
Solution technique The Al Hussainy, Ramey Crowford solution techniques
Non-Darcy flow Determination of the non- Darcy coefficient F - The
constant terminal rate solution for the flow of a real gas General theory
of gas well testing Multi rate testing of gas wells Pressure build up
testing of gas wells Pressure build up analysis in solution gas drive
reservoirs.
UNIT-VII
Natural water influx: The unsteady state water influx theory of Hurst and
Van Everdingen and its application in history matching The approximate
water influx theory of Fetkovich for finite aquifers predicting the amount
of mater influx Application of influx calculation techniques to steam
soaking.
UNIT-VIII
Immiscible displacement Physical assumptions and their implication
The fractional flow equation Buckley-Leverette one dimensional
displacement Oil recovery calculation Displacement under segregated
flow conditions Allowance for the effect of finite capillary transition
zone in displacement calculations Displacement in stratified reservoirs.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering , L.P. Dake, Elsevier Science,

1978 (17th Impression 1998).
126
2010-2011
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Reservoir Engineering Handbook, Tarek Ahmed, 3rd Edition, Gulf

2.
Petroleum Engineering: Principles and Practice, J.S Archer & C.G.

Wall, Graham &Trotman Inc. 1986.
3.
Basic Reservoir Engineering, Rene Cosse, Editions Technip, 1993.
4.
Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, James W Amyx, Daniel M. Bass Jr.,

Robert L. Whiting, McGraw Hill, 1960.
127

PETROLEUM PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Petroleum production system - Properties of oil & natural gas.
UNIT-II
Reservoir deliverability -Well bore performance.
UNIT-III
Choke performance - Well deliverability.
UNIT-IV
Forecast of well production- Production decline analysis.
UNIT-V
Well tubing Design & Selection; Separation system Design &
Selection; Transportation system Design & Selection.
UNIT-VI
Artificial lift methods: Sucker rod pumping - Gas lift - Other artificial lift
methods.
UNIT-VII
Production Stimulation: Well problem identification - Matrix acidizing.
UNIT-VIII
Hydraulic fracturing- Production optimization.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Production Engineering: A computer Assisted Approach,

Boyun Guo, William C. Lyons, Ali Ghalambor, Elsevier Science &
Technology Books, 2007.
2.
Petroleum Production Systems, M. J. Economides, A. Daniel Hill &

C. E. Economides, Prentice- Hall, N. J 07488, 1994.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Production Technology I-II, Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Herriot

Watt University.
2.
The Technology of Artificial Lift Method, Brown, K.E., Volume 1,

PennWell Books, 1977.
128
2010-2011

NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Introduction: What is natural gas? - Utilization of natural gas- Natural gas
industry (World and India)- Natural gas reserves -Types of natural gas
resources - Future of natural gas industry.
Properties of natural gas: Specific gravity Pseudo critical properties
Viscosity Compressibility factor Gas density Formation volume
factor and expansion factor Compressibility of natural gas Real gas
pseudo pressure and real gas normalized pressure.
UNIT-II
Gas reservoir deliverability: Introduction Analytical methods Empirical
methods Construction of inflow performance relation curve.
UNIT-III
Wellbore performance: Introduction Single phase gas well Mist flow
in gas wells.
UNIT-IV
Choke performance: Introduction Sonic and subsonic flow Dry gas
flow through chokes Wet gas flow through chokes
UNIT-V
Well deliverability: Introduction Nodal analysis Analysis with wellhead
node.
Separation: Separation of gases and liquids Stage separation Flash
calculation Low temperature separation.
Dehydration of natural gas: Water content of natural gas streamsDehydration systems- Glycol dehydrator design.
UNIT-VI
Removal of acid gases: Iron Sponge sweetening Alkanol amine
sweetening Glycol / Amine process Sulfinol process.
129
Compression & cooling: Types of compressors Selection of reciprocating

compressors Selection of centrifugal compressors Selection of rotary
blowers.
UNIT-VII
Volumetric measurement: Measurement with orifice meters Displacement
metering Turbine meter Elbow meter Natural gas liquid measurement.
Transportation: Pipeline design Sizing pipelines and pipeline wall
thickness.
UNIT-VIII
Liquid loading on gas wells: Turners methods Guos methods
Comparison of methods.
Hydrate control: Hydrate forming conditions Preventing hydrate
formation.
Pipeline cleaning: Pigging system Selection of pigs Major applications
Pigging procedure.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Natural Gas Engineering Handbook, Bojun Guo and Ali Ghalambor,

Gulf publishing company, 2005.
2.
Gas Production Operations, H.Dale Beggs, OGCC Publications, 1984.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering, D.L.Katz, McGraw-Hill, 1959.
2.
Natural Gas Production Engineering, Chi U. Ikoku, Krieger Publishing

Company, 1992.
3.
Troubleshooting Natural Gas Processing: Well head to Transmission,

Norman P. Lieberman, Pennwell Publishing Company, 1997.
4.
Practical Natural Gas Engineering, R.V.Smith, 2nd Edition, PennWell,

1990.
130
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SURFACE PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
UNIT-I
The production facility: Various types of facilities
Process selection: Controlling the process-Operation of a control valve:
Pressure control- Level control- Temperature control- Flow Control- Basic
system configuration: Wellhead and manifold- Separation- initial separation
pressure- Stage Separation, Selection of Stages, Process flow sheet- Oil
treating and storage- Lease automatic custody transfer- Water treating
Compressors- Gas dehydration- Well testing- Gas lift- Offshore platform
considerations.
UNIT-II
Two phase oil and gas separation: Functional sections of a gas-liquid
separator- Inlet diverter section- Liquid collection section- Gravity settling
section- Mist extractor section- Equipment description of different
separators- Scrubbers- Slug catchers- Selection considerations- Vessel
internals- Mist extractors- Potential operating problems.
UNIT-III
Three phase oil and water separation: Equipment description- Horizontal
separators- Derivation of equation- Free-water knockout- Flow splitterHorizontal three-phase separator with a liquid Boot-Vertical separatorSelection considerations- Vessel internals- Coalescing plates- Turbulent
flow coalescers and potential operating problems.
UNIT-IV
Crude oil treating: Equipment description of various treaters and heatersIndirect and fired heaters- Waste heat recovery- Heater sizing- Vertical
heater-treaters- Coalescing media- Horizontal heater treaters- Electrostatic
heater-treaters- Oil dehydrators- Emulsion treating theory- Age of the
emulsion- Agitation- Emulsifying agents- Demulsifiers- Field optimizationChanging the demulsifier- Demulsifier troubleshooting- Emulsion treating
methods- General considerations- Chemical addition- Amount of chemicalBottle test considerations- Chemical selection.
131
UNIT-V
Oil desalting systems: Oil desalting systems-Equipment description of
desalters- Mixing equipment- Globe valves- Spray nozzles- Static mixersProcess description- Single stage desalting- Two stage desalting.
UNIT-VI
Crude stabilization: Introduction- Basic principles- Process schemesEquipment description- Stabilizer tower- Trays and packing- Stabilizer
reboiler- Cooler- Reflux system- Feed cooler- Heater and stabilizer as a
gas-processing plant.
UNIT-VII
Produced water treating systems: Disposal standards- offshore & onshore
operations- Characteristics of produced water- Scale removal- Controlling
scale using chemical inhibitors- Sand and other suspended solids- Dissolved
gases- Oil in water emulsions- Dissolved oil concentrations- Dispersed oilToxicants- Gravity separation- Coalescence- Dispersion- FlotationFiltration- Equipment description-Skim tanks and vessels- Types of
configurations- Pressure vs atmospheric vessels- Retention time and
performance considerations.
Coalescers- plate coalescers- Parallel plate interceptor (PPI)- Corrugated
plate interceptor (CPI)- Cross-flow devices- Performance considerationsSelection criteria- Hydrocyclones-General considerations- Operating
principles- Static hydrocyclones- Dynamic hydrocyclones- Selection criteria
and application guidelines.
UNIT-VIII
Water Injection systems: Introduction- Solids removal theory- Removal of
suspended solids from water- Gravity settling- Flotation units- FiltrationInertial impaction- Diffusional interception- Direct interception- Filter typesNonfixed-pore structure media- Fixed-pore structure media- Surface mediaSummary of filter types.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Surface Production Operations, Ken Arnold & Maurice Stewart, Vol.

1, 3rd edition, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2008.
2.
Petroleum and Gas Field Processing, H.K.Abdel-Aal and Mohamed

Aggour and M.A. Fahim, Marcel Dekkar Inc., 2003.
132
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PETROLEUM INDUSTRY: MANAGEMENT, STRATEGY AND
FINANCE
UNIT-I
The global oil and gas industry: Oil and gas industry background- Oil and
gas reserves- Oil and gas in global economy- The major players- Oil and
gas industry value chain- Upstream-mid stream and downstreamFundamentals of petroleum industry- Industry evaluation and strategiesNationalism and national oil companies- Role and value of oil and gasGovernment and corporate interests- Evolution of national oil companiesOrganization of petroleum exporting countries- Political environment related
to petroleum industry.
UNIT-II
Access, leasing and exploration: Oil project life cycle- Oil and gas
formation- Access and development rights- Historical precedent- The
neutral zone concession- Oil leases- Reserves- Defining reserves -Lease
auctions exploration and strategy - Partnership and firm-ins.
UNIT-III
Developing oil and gas projects: Project development and project
opportunity- Joint development utilization- Project financial analysisProject execution- Contractor relationships- Problems in project
development.
UNIT-IV
Economics of oil and gas:
Oil economics- Defining costs in the upstream- Performance and
competitive advantage- Cost management- Filed reinvestment and reviewsManaging contract supply chains- Partnership management- Managing
political risks- Fiscal Regimes- Development agreements- Petroleum
physical regimes added contractor features- Top-line risks- PSA
evaluations- Physical regimes today- Governmental policies.
UNIT-V
Finance and financial performance:
Business finance- Capital sourcing- Corporate finance- Public equity-
133
Private equity- Venture capital- Debt- Project finance- Multilateral lendingState interest- Oil loans- Ruminations and valuations.
UNIT-VI
Marketing of crude oil and petroleum products and transportation:
Crude oil fundamentals- Price of crude- Crude oil prices in transactionsMarketing and sale of motor fuel- Aviations fuel- Lubricants- Asphalt and
propane- Transportation-Fundamentals of transportation-Pipelines- Oil
tankers- Downstream transportations.
UNIT-VII
Petrochemicals: Chemical industry overview- Petrochemical productionCommodity and specialty chemicals- Industry structure- Industry
profitability- Future of petrochemicals.
UNIT-VIII
The Future of global oil and gas industry: New entrants and evolving
competitive environment- The products- The markets players and their
strategies- Ongoing talent shortage- The future of the large oil and gas
firms- Growing power of national of companies.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
The Global Oil & Gas Indus]try: Management, Strategy and Finance,
Andrew Inkpen, Michael H. Moffett, PennWell, 2011.
134
2010-2011

DRILLING FLUIDS LAB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Determination drilling fluid weight.

Equipment: The baroid mud balance
Determination of mud viscosity.
Equipment: Marsh funnel
Determination of pH of mud.
Equipment: pH meter and hydrion pH dispensers
Determination of mud rheology (Viscosity, Gel strength, and Yield
point).
Equipment: The baroid rheometer
Determination of the loss of liquid from a mud.
Equipment: Standard API filter press
Determination of a drilling mud cake and evaluate resistivity.
Equipment: Baroid digital resistivity meter
Determination of the effect of adding bentonite on mud properties.
Drilling fluid contamination test (Salt, Gypsum & Cement
contamination).
Determination of solid and liquid content and emulsion characteristics
of drilling fluid.
Equipment: Sand content set, fann emulsion and electrical stability
testers
Oil, water, solid and clay content determination.
Equipment: Oil/ water retort kit
Determination of water ratios for portland cement slurry.
(Effect of water ratio on free water separation normal and minimum
water content and thickening time)
Equipment: The atmospheric consistometer
Determination of compressive strength of cement test moulds.
Equipment: Compressive strength testing machine
135

DRILLING SIMULATION LAB
The following experiments are to be carried out using a drilling simulator:
1.
Familiarization and line-up of operational components I: Sand

pipe manifold, draw work console, drilling console.
2.
Familiarization and line-up of operational components II: Blow

out preventor (BOP) panel, choke manifold, remote panel.
3.
Operation of major components: Mud pumps, operating slow

circulation rate, operating the rotary table, pulling weight on bit
running in and pulling out of hole, remote choke panel operating.
4.
Kick identifications and well shut in procedures: Setting flow

alarms (deviation mud volume), setting flow alarms for return mud
volume, identifying kick warning signs, Utilizing shut in procedures
to kill well, well control computations.
5.
Studies on the effect of weight on drill bit and rotary speed on the
rate of penetration and wear of the bit.
6.
Studies on the effect of mud density and flow rate on the penetration
and wear of the bit.
136
2010-2011

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS II
UNIT I
Intellectual Property Law Basics Types of Intellectual Property
Agencies responsible for Intellectual Property Regristration - Cyber crime
and E-commerce International Aspects of Computer and Online Crime
UNIT II
Introduction to Patent Law Rights and Limitations Rights under Patent
Law Patent requirements - Ownership - Transfer - Patents Application
Process Patent Infringement - Patent Litigation - International Patent
Law Double Patenting Patent Searching Patent Law Treaty - New
developments in Patent Law - Invention Developers and Promoters
UNIT III
Introduction to Transactional Law: Creating Wealth and Managing Risk
The Employment Relationship in the Internet and Tech Sector Contact
for the Internet and Tech Sector - Business Assets in Information Age
Symbol and Trademark Trolls and Landmines and other Metaphors
UNIT IV
Regulatory, Compliance and Liability Issues State Privacy Law - Date
Security Privacy issues - Controlling Over use or Misuse of 1 Intellectual
Property Rights
BOOKS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property. Cengage learning , New

Delhi
Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers",
BS Publications (Press)
Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Westerns Special Topics Collections
Prabhuddha Ganguli: Intellectual Property Rights Tata Mc-Graw
Hill, New Delhi
Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights",
Excel Books. New Delhi.
M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Right
Serials Pub.
137

SUMMER TRAINING
Every Student should undergo summer training (summer internship
program) in a petroleum oil & gas producing industry/ petroleum
machinery manufacturing industry for 4-6 weeks and submit a report.
138
2010-2011

IV Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. I-Sem.
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
UNIT-I
Viscosity and the mechanisms of momentum transfer: Newtons law of
viscosity (molecular momentum transport)-Generalization of Newtons law
of viscosity-Pressure and temperature dependence of viscosity-Molecular
theory of the viscosity of gases at low density-Molecular theory of the
viscosity of liquids.
Thermal conductivity and the mechanisms of energy transport: Fouriers
law of heat conduction (molecular energy transport)-Temperature and
pressure dependence of thermal conductivity-Theory of thermal
conductivity of gases at low density.
Diffusivity and the mechanisms of mass transport: Ficks law of binary
diffusion (molecular mass transport)-Temperature and pressure dependence
of diffusivities-Theory of diffusion in gases at low density.
UNIT-II
Shell momentum balances and velocity distributions in laminar flow:
Shell momentum balances and boundary conditions-Flow of a falling filmFlow through a circular tube-Flow through annulus-Flow of two adjacent
immiscible fluids-Creeping flow around a sphere.
UNIT-III
Shell energy balances and temperature distributions in solids and laminar
flow: Shell energy balances boundary conditions-Heat conduction with an
electrical heat source-Heat conduction with a nuclear heat source-Heat
conduction with a viscous heat source-Heat conduction with a chemical
heat source-Heat conduction through composite walls-Heat conduction in
a cooling fin-Forced convection-Free convection.
UNIT-IV
Concentration distributions in solids and laminar flow: Shell mass
balances-Boundary conditions-Diffusion through a stagnant gas filmDiffusion with a heterogeneous chemical reaction-Diffusion with a
homogeneous chemical reaction-Diffusion into a falling liquid film (gas
absorption)-Diffusion into a falling liquid film (solid dissolution)-Diffusion
and chemical reaction inside a porous catalyst.
139
UNIT-V
The equations of change: Derivation of the equation of continuity in
rectangular and polar coordinates-The equation of motion-The equation
of energy-The equation of continuity of a component in multi component
mixture (in rectangular coordinates only) the equations of change in terms
of the substantial derivative.
UNIT-VI
Use of equations of change to solve one dimensional steady state
problems of momentum, heat and component transfer.
UNIT-VII
Unsteady state one-dimensional transport of momentum, heat and
component transfer.
UNIT-VIII
Introduction to Turbulent transport-Time smoothing of equation changeModels for turbulent flux (explanation of equations only).
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Transport Phenomena, Bird R.B., Stewart W.C., Lightfoot F.N., 2nd

Edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc, U.S.A, 1960.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Transport Processes: Momentum, Heat and Mass, C.J. Geankoplis,

2nd Revised Edition, PHI, Allyn and Bacon Inc., 1983.
2.
Transport Phenomena for Engineers, L. Theodore, International Text

Book Company, 1971.
3.
Transport Phenomena- A Unified Approach, Robert S. Brodkey,

Harry C. Hershay, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 1988.
4.
Transport Phenomena and Unit Operations-A combined Approach,

Richard G. Griskey, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
5.
Mass Transport Phenomena, Christie J. Geankoplis, Ohio State Univ

Bookstore, 1984.
6.
Modeling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach, Ismail

Tosun, Elsevier, 2002.
140
2010-2011

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY TECHNIQUES
UNIT-I
Introduction: Oil recovery processes.
Gas injection: Introduction- Predictive performance- Gas injection in
carbonate reservoirs- Inert gas injection- Candidates for gas injection.
UNIT-II
Miscible flooding: Introduction- Sweep efficiency- High pressure gas
injection- Enriched gas drive- LPG slug drive- Predictive technique- Field
applications.
Carbon dioxide flooding: Process description- Field projects- CO sources2
problem areas- designing a CO flood- Guidelines for selection of miscible
2
CO projects- Immiscible CO flooding Conclusions.
2
UNIT-III
Polymer flooding: Introduction- Polymer products and theory of usePlanning polymer flood projects.
Polyacrylamides: Introduction- Polyacrylamides chemistry- Application of
PAM/AA in enhanced oil recovery- Factors affecting flow in porous
media- Field considerations- Site factors- Field operation.
UNIT-IV
Alkaline flooding: Introduction- Types of caustic used- Entrapment of
residue oil- Displacement mechanisms in alkaline flooding- Crude oil
properties-Alkali consumption- pH of injected caustic- Effect of sodium
ions and sodium chloride- Effect of divalent ions- Reservoir selectionDocumented alkaline flooding fields tests.
UNIT-V
Use of surfactants in oil recovery: Introduction- Classification of EOR
surfactants- Mechanism of oil displacement by surfactant flooding- Ultra
low interfacial tension in relation to oil displacement by surfactant floodingFactors influencing oil recovery- Surfactant gas flooding for oil recoveryInterfacial phenomena in surfactant gas flooding- Mechanism of surfactant
141
loss in porous media- Present status of the use of surfactants in oil

recovery.
UNIT-VI
Steam flooding for enhanced oil recovery: Introduction- Theory- Screening
criteria for steamflood prospects- Reservoir rock and fluid properties- heat
losses and formation heating- oil recovery calculations- An overview of
steamflood modeling, parametric studies in steam flooding- Economics of
the steam flooding process.
Operational aspects of steam injection processes: Introduction- Water
treatment for steam generation- Steam generators- Determination of steam
quality- Wells- Production facilities- Moving the crude oil from the fieldDisposal special situations, Operations.
UNIT-VII
In-situ combustion technology: Introduction-Reservoir characteristicsIgnition- Ignition methods, Process In-situ Combustion- Use of In-situ
Combustion- conclusions- Current status of In-situ Combustion.
UNIT-VIII
Microbial enhanced oil recovery: Microorganisms- Historical development
of microbial enhancement of oil recovery- Laboratory experiments show
the potential of microbial enhancement oil recovery- Field application of
microbial enhancement of oil recovery-Microbes associated with oilfield
problems- Microbial interactions with produced oil-Potential of microbial
enhancement of oil recovery-Injection of cells and spores.
Evaluation and monitoring of enhanced oil recovery projects: IntroductionCompletion constraints and borehole integrity checks.
Environmental factors associated with oil recovery: Introduction-Primary
and secondary production-Chemical flooding-Micellar-polymer processesThermal processes- Gas flooding-Research.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Enhanced Oil Recovery: Processes and Operations, E. C. Donaldson,

G. V. Chilingarian, T. F. Yew, Elsevier, 1998.
2.
Enhanced Oil Recovery, Larry W. Lake, Prentice Hall, 1998.
142
2010-2011
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Basic Concepts in Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes, Marc Baviere,

SCI, 1991.
2.
Enhanced Oil Recovery: Proceedings of the Third European

Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, F. John Fayers, Elsevier,
1981.
3.
Enhanced Oil Recovery, Marcel Latil, Editions Technip, 1980.
4.
Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery, H. R. Van Pollew and

Associates, PennWell, 1980.
5.
Enhanced Recovery of Residual and Heavy Oil, M. M. Schumacher,

Noyes Data Corp., 1980.
6.
Applied Enhanced Oil Recovery, Aural Carcoane, Prentice Hall, 1992.
7.
Recent Advances in Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery, IstvanLaktos,

Academy Kiado, 2001.
8.
Enhanced Oil Recovery, Don W. Greew, G. Paul Willfite, Society of

Petroleum Engineers, 1998.
9.
Enhanced Oil Recovery: Field Planning and Development Strategies,

Vladmir Alvarado, Eduardo Marriglee, Gulf Professional Publishing,
2010.
10.
Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery: Theory and Practice, Gulf

11.
Enhanced Oil Recovery, Teknica, Teknica Petroleum Services Ltd.,

2001.
143

OIL & GAS PROCESSING PLANT DESIGN
UNIT-I
Design principles and sizing of gas-oil separators: Principles of phase
separators- Sizing of vertical & horizontal two-phase and three phase
separators- Optimum pressure - Design of single and multistage flash
vaporization equipment- Materials of construction and mechanical design
of separators.
UNIT-II
Fluid Flow equipment Design: Basic concepts of fluid handling equipment
& design-Pumps -Compressors - Blowers.
UNIT-III
Design of principles and sizing of heat exchangers: Process design of
shell & tube heat exchangers -double pipe heat exchangers- Plate and
frame heat exchangers- Air cooled heat exchangers- Heat recovery unitsFired heaters- Materials of construction & mechanical design of heat
exchangers.
UNIT-IV
Design principles and sizing crude oil treaters: Sizing horizontal and
vertical treaters- Design of LTX units and line treaters- Material of
construction and mechanical design.
UNIT-V
Design of principles and sizing of crude desalting equipment - Design
principles and sizing of equipment for produce water treatment and
disposal.
UNIT-VI
Design principles and sizing of acid gas treating system design: Design
of iron sponge units - Design of H S and CO absorbers and strippers
2
2
using amine solutions Design of Rich/lean amine exchanger- Design of
amine cooler- Material of construction- Mechanical design.
Process design of glycol and solid bed dehydration systems-Materials of
construction & mechanical design.
144
2010-2011
UNIT-VII
Design principles of pressure vessels: Design considerations- Design
temperature and pressure- Maximum allowable stress values- Determination
of wall thickness- Corrosion allowance- Sizing of different type of storage
tanks.
UNIT-VIII
Design principles and sizing of pressure relief valves, vents, other relieving
devices- Selection criteria- Location- Maintenance- Design of flaring
systems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum and Gas Field processing, H.K. Abdel- Aal, Mohamed

Aggover, M.A. Fahim, Marcel Dekkar Inc., 2003.
2.
Surface Production Operations, Ken Arnold, Maurice Stewart,

Butterworth Heinemann, Vol 1 & 2, 1989.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Engineering Data Book, 12th Edition (Electronic), FPS Version, Volume

I & II, Gas Processers Suppliers Association (GPSA), 2005.
145

HSE & FF IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
UNIT-I
Introduction to environmental control in the petroleum industry: Overview
of environmental issues- A new attitude.
Drilling and production operations: Drilling- Production- Air emissions.
UNIT-II
The impact of drilling and production operations: Measuring toxicityHydrocarbons- Salt- Heavy metals- Production chemicals- Drilling fluidsProduced water- Nuclear radiation- Air pollution- Acoustic impacts- Effects
of offshore platforms- Risk assessment.
Environmental transport of petroleum wastes: Surface paths- Subsurface
paths- Atmospheric paths.
UNIT-III
Planning for environmental protection: Environmental audits- Waste
management plans- Waste management actions- Certification of disposal
processes- Contingency plans- Employee training.
Waste treatment methods: Treatment of water- Treatment of solidsTreatment of air emissions.
Waste disposal methods: Surface disposal- Subsurface disposal.
Remediation of contaminated sites: Site assessment- Remediation
processes.
UNIT-IV
Oil mines regulations: Introduction-Returns, Notices and plans- Inspector,
management and duties- Drilling and workover- Production- Transport by
pipelines- Protection against gases and fires- Machinery, plants and
equipment- General safety provisions- Miscellaneous.
UNIT-V
Toxicity, physiological, asphyxiation, respiratory, skin effect of petroleum
hydrocarbons and their mixture- Sour gases with their threshold limitsGuidelines for occupational health monitoring in oil and gas industry.
Corrosion in petroleum industry- Additives during acidizing, sand control
and fracturing.
146
2010-2011
NIT-VI
Hazard identification- Hazard evaluation- Hazop and what if reviewsDeveloping a safe process and safety management- Personal protection
systems and measures.
UNIT-VII
Guidelines on internal safety audits (procedures and checklist)- Inspection
& safe practices during electrical installations- Inspection & safe practices
during overhauling electrical equipment- Design aspects for safety in
electrical systems- Safety instrumentation for process system in
hydrocarbon industry- Safety aspects in functional training-Work permit
systems.
UNIT-VIII
Classification of fires- The fire triangle- Distinction between fires and
explosions- Flammability characteristics of liquids and vapors- Well blowout
fires and their control- Fire fight equipment- Suppression of hydrocarbons
fires.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Environmental Control in Petroleum Engineering, John C. Reis, Gulf
Publishing Company, 1996.
2.
Application of HAZOP and What if Reviews to the Petroleum,
Petrochemical and Chemical Process Industries, Dennis P. Nolan,
Noyes Publications, 1994.
3.
Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) Guidelines, Ministry of
Petroleum & Natural Gas, Government of India and Oil Mines
Regulations-1984, Directorate General of Mines Safety, Ministry of
Labor and Employment, Government of India.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Guidelines for Process Safety Fundamentals in General Plant
Operations Centre for Chemical Process Safety, American Institute of
Chemical Engineers, 1995.
2.
Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical and
Hydrocarbon Processing Facilities, Centre for Chemical Process
Safety, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2003.
3.
Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures Centre for Chemical
Safety, Wiley- AIChE, 3rd Edition, 2008.
4.
Guideline for Process Safety Fundamentals in General Plant
Operations, Centre for Chemical Process Safety, AIChE, 1995.
147

Open Elective
FUNDAMENTALS OF PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
UNIT-I
The history of production: Oil beginning- A case for casing- More fire
works- Underground mysteries- Breathing of the earth- Crisis and reservoir
engineering- Horizontal drilling- The great offshore-Indian scenario.
UNIT-II
The reservoir: Origin- Transformation- Characterization- Discovery.
Whats in the container? The prize: Determinants- The contents- The
chemistry- Composition- Properties- Impurities- Fingerprints- The origin of
hydrocarbons.
UNIT-III
Drilling: The spring pole- Cable tool drilling and operations- Rotary
drilling- Rig components- Drilling mud- Blowout preventers- Drilling
offshore- Top drives and automation- The course- Location.
UNIT-IV
Logging, testing and completing: Logging- Correlation logs- Real timeDirectional and horizontal wells- Original hydrocarbons in place- Open
hole testing- Completions- Cased hole logging and measuring devices.
UNIT-V
Hydrocarbon activity in the reservoir: Phases- Phases diagrams- Reservoir
fluid categories- Using phase diagrams- Gas wells Vs oil wells- Shrinkage
Solution gas- oil ratio- Relative permeability.
Production: The motivating force- Drive mechanisms- Producing phasesPrimary production- Secondary recovery- Pressure maintenance and
waterflooding- Tertiary recovery.
UNIT-VI
Making it marketable: Field processing: Gas treating- Oil treating- Water
disposal- Testing- Measurement and metering- Storage.
148
2010-2011
UNIT-VII
Remedial operations and workovers: Decision making- Workover rigsCoiled tubing- Subsea completions- Well problems and stimulationChanging production intervals.
UNIT-VIII
The players: The companies- The people- The suppliers- World and India
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Oil and Gas Production in Nontechnical Language, Martin S. Raymond

& William L. Leffler, Penn Well Corporation, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Introduction to Oil and Gas Production, American Petroleum Institute,

5th Edition, 1996.
2.
Oil and Gas Production Hand Book: An Introduction Oil and Gas
Production, Havard Devold, ABB ATPA Oil and Gas, 2006.
149

Open Elective
GREEN FUEL TECHNOLOGIES
UNIT-I
Introduction: Plant based biofuels- World biofuels scenarioThermochemical conversion of biomass to liquids and gaseous fuels.
UNIT-II
Bioethanol from biomass: Production of ethanol from molasses - Bioethanol
from starchy biomass: Production of starch Saccharifying enzymes Hydrolysis and fermentation.
UNIT-III
Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass: Pretreatment of the substratesProduction of Cellulases and Hemicellulases- Hydrolysis and fermentation.
UNIT-IV
Biodiesel production technologies and substrates- Lipase-catalyzed
preparation of biodiesel-Biodiesel production with supercritical fluid
technologies.
UNIT-V
Biodiesel from different plant seeds: Palm oil diesel production and its
experimental test on a diesel engine - Biodiesel production using karanja
(pongamia pinnata) and jatropha (jatropha curcas) seed oil - Biodiesel
production form rubber seed oil and other vegetable oils.
UNIT-VI
Microbial production of methane: Different types of bio-digesters and
biogas technology in India.
UNIT-VII
Hydrogen production by fermentation-Microbial fuel cells.
UNIT-VIII
Biodiesel from algae: Algaculture-Challenges-Algaculture for biodiesel
production-Advantages of biodiesel from algae oil-Research &
Development.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Hand book of Plant Based Biofuels, Ashok Pandey, CRC Press, 2009.
2.
Biofuels Engineering Process Technology, Caye M. Drapcho, Nghiem
Phu Nhuan, Terry H. Walker, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
150
2010-2011

Open Elective
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
UNIT-I
Introduction: Global & Indian energy scenario-Classification of energy
sources-Energy needs of growing economy-Energy sector reform-Energy
and environment-Global environmental concerns-Basics of energy and its
various forms.
UNIT-II
Energy audit: Types of energy audit- Energy management (audit) approachunderstanding energy costs-Bench marking-Energy performance-Matching
energy use to requirement-Maximizing system efficiencies-Optimizing the
input energy requirements-Fuel and energy substitution-Energy audit
instruments.
Material and energy balance: Facility as an energy system- Methods for
preparing process flow-Material and energy balance diagrams.
UNIT-III
Energy action planning, financial management: Financial analysis
techniques-Risk and sensitivity analysis- Financing options- Energy
performance contracts and role of ESCOs- Energy Monitoring and
Targeting: Elements of monitoring & targeting-Data and informationAnalysis, techniques -Energy consumption, production- Cumulative sum
of differences (CUSUM).
UNIT-IV
Building envelope: Principles of analysis-Envelope performance -Envelope
analysis of existing and new buildings-Building standards for new and
existing constructions.
HVAC Systems types-Energy conservation opportunities-Cooling
equipment-Domestic hot water estimating HVAC energy consumption.
UNIT-VI
Principles of electric energy management-Energy management control
151
systems-Energy systems maintenance-Energy management in water and

waste water treatment-Solid waste treatment- air pollution control systems.
UNIT-VII
Energy management in boilers and fired systems-Steam and condensate
systems- Cogeneration Waste heat recovery-Energy management in
process industries.
UNIT-VIII
Energy security- Codes- Standards- Electricity act-Energy conservation
act.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Energy Management and Conservation Handbook, Frank Kreith &

D. Yogi Goswami, CRC Press, New York, 2008.
2.
General Aspects of Energy Management and Audit, National

Productivity Council of India, Chennai (Course Material- National
Certification Examination for Energy Management).
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Energy Management Handbook, W.C. Turner, 5th Edition, Marcel

Dekker, Inc, New York, 2005.
2.
Guide to Energy Management, B. L. Capehart, W. C. Turner, W. J.

Kennedy, CRC Press, New York, 2005.
3.
IEEE Recommended Practice for Energy Management in Industrial

and commercial Facilities, IEEE standards Board, Piscataway, NJ,
USA, 1996.
152
2010-2011

Elective-I
OFFSHORE ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Overview of offshore structures: Introduction- Deepwater challengesFunctions of offshore structures- Offshore structure configurationsBottom-Supported fixed structures- Compliant structures- Floating
structures- Classification societies and industry standard groups.
Novel and small field offshore structures: Introduction- Overview of oil
and gas field developments- Technical basis for developing novel offshore
structures- Other considerations for developing novel offshore structuresNovel field development systems- Future field development options.
UNIT-II
Ocean environment: Introduction- Ocean water properties- Wave theoryBreaking waves- Internal waves- Sea spectrum- Sea states- Wave-driven
current- Loop current- wind and wind spectrum- Offshore environment by
location.
Loads and responses: Introduction- Gravity loads- Hydrostatic loadsResistance loads- Current loads on structures- Steady and dynamic wind
loads on structures- Wave loads on structures- Applicability of Morison
force vs Diffraction force- Steady wave drift force- Slow-Drift wave forcesVarying wind load- Impulse loads- Response of structure- Applicability of
response formula.
UNIT-III
Probabilistic design of offshore structures: Application of statistics in
offshore engineering- Wave statistics- Response statistics- Design
approaches- Combination of multiple stochastic load effects- Probabilistic
design of offshore structures- Uncertainty measures.
UNIT-IV
Fixed offshore platform design: Field development and concept selection
activities- Basic and detailed design of a fixed jacket.
153
UNIT-V
Tower-type offshore platform- Special topics.
UNIT-VI
Floating offshore platform design: Introduction- Floating platform typesDesign of floaters- Floating production storage and offloading systems.
UNIT-VII
Semi submersibles- Tension leg platforms- Spar design- Hull structureConstruction and installation.
Fundamental aspects of the design of FPSO.
UNIT-VIII
Drilling and production risers: Introduction- Drilling risers- Production
risers- Vortex induced vibration of risers- VIV suppression devices- Riser
clashing- Fatigue Analysis.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Handbook of Offshore Engineering, S. Chakrabarti, Volume 1 & 2,

Elsevier, 2005.
154
2010-2011

Elective-I
PIPELINE ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Elements of pipeline design: Fluid properties Environment - Effects of
pressure and temperature - Supply / Demand scenario - Route selection
- Codes and standards - Environmental and hydrological considerations
Economics - Materials / Construction Operation - Pipeline protection
- Pipeline integrity monitoring.
Pipeline route selection, survey and geotechnical guidelines: Introduction
- Preliminary route selection - Key factors for route selection - Engineering
survey - Legal survey - Construction / As-built survey - Geotechnical
design.
UNIT-II
Natural gas transmission: General flow equation Steady state - Impact
of gas molecular weight and compressibility factor on flow capacity - Flow
regimes - Widely used steady-state flow equations Summary of the
impact of different gas and pipeline parameters on the gas flow efficiency
Pressure drop calculation for pipeline in series and parallel Pipeline gas
velocity Erosional velocity Optimum pressure drop for design purposes
Pipeline packing Determining gas leakage using pressure drop method
Wall thickness / pipe grade Temperature profile Optimization process
Gas transmission solved problems.
UNIT-III
Gas compression and coolersI: Types of compressors Compressor
drivers Compressor station configuration Thermodynamics of isothermal
and adiabatic gas compression Temperature change in adiabatic gas
compression Thermodynamics of polytropic gas compression Gas
compressors in series Centrifugal compressor horsepower Enthalpy /
Entropy charts (Mollier diagram) Centrifugal compressor performance
curve Influence of pipeline resistance on centrifugal compressor
performance.
155
UNIT-IV
Gas compression and coolers II: Reciprocation compressors Gas
compression solved problems Gas coolers Air-cooled heat exchangers
Coolers heat transfer equations Fan air mass flow rate Required fan
power Gas pressure drop in coolers Iterative procedure for calculations
based on unknown T .
2
UNIT-V
Liquid flow and pumps: Fully developed laminar flow in a pipe Turbulent
flow Centrifugal pumps Retrofitting for centrifugal pumps (Radial-flow)
Pump station control Pump station piping design.
Transient flow in liquid and gas pipelines: Purpose of transient analysis
Theoretical fundamentals and transient solution technique Applications
Computer applications.
UNIT-VI
Pipeline mechanical design: Codes and standards Location classification
Pipeline design formula Expansion and flexibility Joint design for
pipes of unequal wall thickness Value assemblies Scraper traps
Buoyancy control Crossings Depth of cover Aerial markings
Warning signs.
UNIT-VII
Materials selection and quality management: Elements of design
Materials designation standards Quality management.
Pipeline construction: Construction Commissioning.
Pipeline protection, Instrumentation and digging: Pipeline coating
Cathodic protection Cathodic protection calculations for land pipelines
Internal corrosion Flow meters and their calibration Sensors Pigs.
UNIT-VIII
Pipeline operations, monitoring, maintenance and rehabilitation: General
operation of pipelines Automatic control systems Integrity monitoring
Different methods of leak detection.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Pipeline Design and Construction: A Practical Approach, M.

Mahitpour, H. Golshan and M.A. Murray, 2nd Edition, ASME Press,
2007.
156
2.
2010-2011
Pipeline Engineering, Henry Liu, Lewis Publishers (CRC Press), 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Piping Calculation Manual, E. Shashi Menon, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
2.
Piping and Pipeline Engineering: Design, Construction, Maintenance

Integrity and Repair, George A. Antaki, CRC Press, 2003.
3.
Pipeline Planning and Construction Field Manual, E. Shashi Menon,

Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011.
4.
Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook, E. W. McAllister, 7th Edition,

2009.
5.
Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Mareel Dekker, Inc.,

2004.
6.
Gas Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Taylor & Francis, 2005.
157

Elective-I
COAL BED METHANE ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Introduction: Overview of coal bed methane (CBM) in India CBM vs
conventional reservoirs.
UNIT-II
Geological influences on coat formation of coals Coal chemistry
Significance of rank Cleat system and natural fracturing.
UNIT-III
Sorption: Principles of Adsorption-The Isotherm construction-CH retention
4
by coal seams-CH content determination in coal seams-The isotherm for
4
recovery prediction-Model of the micro-pores-coal sorption of other
molecular species.
UNIT-IV
Reservoir Analysis: Coal as a reservoir-Permeability-Porosity-Gas flowReserve analysis-Well spacing and drainage area-Enhanced recovery.
UNIT-V
Well Construction: Drilling-Cementing.
Formation Evaluations, Logging: Borehole environment-Tool measurement
response in coal-wire line log evaluation of CBM wells-Gas-In-Place
calculations-Recovery factor-Drainage area calculations-Coal permeability/
Cleating-Natural fracturing and stress orientation-Mechanical rock
properties in CBM evaluation.
UNIT-VI
Completions: Open hole completions-Open hole cavitation process, Cased
hole completions- Multi zone entry in cased hole.
UNIT-VII
Hydraulic fracturing of coal seams: Need for fracturing coals-Unique
problems in fracturing coals-Types of fracturing fluids for coal-In situ
conditions-Visual observation of fractures.
158
2010-2011
UNIT-VIII
Water production and disposal: Water production rates from methane
wells-Chemical content-Environmental regulations-Water disposal
techniques-Economics of coal bed methane recovery.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Coal Bed Methane: Principles and Practice, R. E. Rogers, 3rd Edition,

Prentice Hall, 1994.
2.
Coal Bed Methane [CD ROM], Robert A. Lamarre, American

Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Fundamentals of Coal Bed Methane Reservoir Engineering, John

Seidle, Pennwell Corp., 2011.
2.
Coal Bed Methane, Society of Petroleum, 1992.
3.
A Guide to Coal Bed Methane Operations, B. A. Hollub, Society of

Petroleum, 1992.
159

PETROLEUM EQUIPMENT DESIGN & SIMULATION LAB
The following experiments have to be conducted using C/C++/ Simulink
using MATLAB/Hysys:
1.
Oil- Water separator.
2.
Gas- Oil-Water separator.
3.
Lean / rich amine heat exchanger.
4.
Air cooled heat exchanger.
5.
CO2 and H2S absorber unit using, MEA/DEA amine solution.
6.
Stripping unit.
7.
Single stage flash vaporization unit.
8.
Three stage flash vaporization unit.
9.
Liquid pumping system.
10.
Gas Compressor unit.
160
2010-2011

RESERVOIR ENGINEERNG LAB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Determination of effective porosity by gas expansion method.

Equipment: Helium porosimeter (Nitrogen gas can be used in place
of helium).
Determination of porosity and pore size distribution by mercury
injection.
Equipment: Mercury porosimeter.
Measurement of surface tension & interfacial tension with the ring
tensiometer.
Equipment: Tensiometer.
Determination of fluid density using pycnometer and hydrometer
methods.
Equipment: Pycnometer and hydrometer.
Liquid viscosity measurement using capillary tube viscometer
(Ostwald type).
Equipment: Capillary tube viscometer.
Determination of capillary pressure of reservoir rock (core) using
porous plate method.
Equipment: Capillary pressure cell.
Measurement of contact angle (between oil, water and solid surface)
using imaging method.
Equipment: The image system set-up.
Measurement of air permeability.
Equipment: Constant head permeameter with the Hassler cell.
Absolute permeability measurement of water.
Equipment: The Darcy apparatus.
Determination of relative permeability of oil-water using unsteady
state method.
Equipment: Relative permeability apparatus.
Determination of relative permeability of gas-oil using unsteady
state method.
Equipment: Relative permeability apparatus.
161

PRESENTATION OF SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
Summer training report of the students shall be evaluated for 50 marks
by the committee appointed by the University.
162
2010-2011

IV Year B.Tech. Petroleum. Engg. II-Sem.
PETROLEUM ECONOMICS, POLICIES & LAW
UNIT-I
Introduction to the oil industry: World supply and demand- Structure of
the oil industry- Characteristics of crude oils and properties of petroleum
products- Resources and development of natural gas.
UNIT-II
Principles, methods & techniques of engineering economics: Time value
in capital expenditures, Depreciation and depletion in oil projects- Financial
measures and profitability analysis.
UNIT-III
Analysis of alternative selections and replacements- Risk, uncertainty
and decision analysis- Break even and sensitivity analysis- Optimization
Techniques.
UNIT-IV
Application and project evaluation: oil fields exploration and drilling
operations-Oil fields estimation of oil reserves and evaluation of an oil
property- Oil fields production operations- Oil transportation- Crude oil
processing.
UNIT-V
Demand and marketing of petroleum products: The petroleum products
in the principal consuming countries- The distribution of petroleum
products- The marketing of petroleum products.
UNIT-VI
Petrochemicals: General characteristics- economics of the two large basic
units- The market for the principal finished products- Problems of today.
UNIT-VII
Natural gas: Natural gas supply in the world- Transportation- International
Markets and prices.
163
UNIT-VIII
Petroleum or Oil & Gas Rules and Regulations in India The Oil fields
Regulations and Development Act New Exploration Licensing Policy
(NELP) Functions of Directorate General of Hydrocarbons Petroleum
and Natural Gas Regulatory Board.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Economics and Engineering, H. K. Abdel-Aal, Bakr A.

Bakr, M.A. Al-Sahlawi, 2nd Edition, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1992.
2.
Petroleum Economics, Jean Masseron, 4th Edition, Editions TECHNIP,

1990.
(The instructor can download information required from internet to
teach the topics in UNIT VIII).
164
2010-2011

Elective-II
RESERVOIR MODELING & SIMULATION
UNIT-I
Introduction: Milestones for the engineering approach-Importance of the
engineering and mathematical approaches.
Single-phase fluid equations in multidimensional domain: Properties of
single-phase fluid- Properties of porous media- Reservoir discretizationBasic engineering concepts- Multidimensional flow in Cartesian
coordinates- Multidimensional flow in radial-cylindrical coordinates.
UNIT-II
Flow equation using CVFD terminology: Introduction- Flow equations
using CVFD terminology- Flow equations in radial-cylindrical coordinates
using CVFD terminology- Flow equation using CVFD terminology in any
block ordering scheme.
UNIT-III
Simulation with a block-centered grid: Introduction- Reservoir
discretization- Flow equation for boundary grid blocks- Treatment of
boundary conditions- Calculation of transmissibilities- Symmetry and its
use in solving practical problems.
UNIT-IV
Simulation with a point distributed grid: Introduction- Reservoir
discretization- Flow equation for boundary grid points-Treatment of
boundary conditions-Calculation of transmissibilities - Symmetry and its
use in solving practical problems.
UNIT-V
Well representation in simulators: Introduction- Single block wells- Multi
block wells- Practical considerations dealing with modeling and well
conditions.
Single-phase flow equations for various fluids: Pressure dependence of
fluid and rock properties-General single-phase flow equation in multi
dimensions.
165
UNIT-VI
Linearization of flow equation: Introduction- Nonlinear terms in flow
equations- Nonlinearity of flow equations for various fluids- Linearization
of nonlinear terms- Linearized flow equations in time.
UNIT-VII
Methods of solution of linear equations: Direct solution methods- Iterative
solution methods.
UNIT-VIII
Introduction to modeling multiphase flow in petroleum reservoirs:
Introduction- Reservoir engineering concepts in multiphase flowMultiphase flow models-solution of multiphase flow equations- Material
balancing checks- Advancing solution in time.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Petroleum Reservoir Simulation: A Basic Approach, Jamal H. Abou

Kasem, S. M. Fariuq Ali, M. Rafiq Islam, Gulf Publishing Company,
2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, John R. Fanchi, Elsevier,

2005.
2.
Practical Reservoir Simulation, M.R. Carlson, PennWell,2003.
3.
Reservoir Simulation: Mathematical Techniques in Oil Recovery,

Zhangxin Chen, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
4.
Mathematics of Reservoir Simulation, Richard E. Ewing, Society for

Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), 1983.
166
2010-2011

Elective-II
HORIZONTAL WELL TECHNOLOGY
UNIT-I
Overview of horizontal well technology: Introduction- Limitations of
horizontal wells- Horizontal well applications- Drilling techniques- Horizontal
well length based upon drilling techniques and drainage area limitationsCompletion techniques.
Reservoir engineering concepts: Skin factor- Skin damage for horizontal
wells- Effective wellbore radius r - Productivity index, f- Flow regimesw
Influence of areal anisotropy.
UNIT-II
Steady-state solutions: Steady-state productivity of horizontal wellsEffective wellbore radius of a horizontal well- Productivity of slant wellsComparison of slant well and horizontal well productivities- Formation
damage in horizontal wells- Field histories.
Influence of well eccentricity: Introduction- Influence of well eccentricityDrilling several wells- Horizontal wells at different elevations.
UNIT-III
Comparison of horizontal and fractured vertical wells: Vertical well
stimulation- Types of fractures- Comparison of horizontal wells and finite
conductivity fractures- Horizontal wells in fractured reservoirs- Fractured
horizontal wells.
UNIT-IV
Transient well testing: Introduction-Mathematical solutions and their
practical implications- Generalized flow regimes- Pressure responseDetailed well testing flow regimes- Pressure directivities- Wellbore storage
effects- Practical Considerations.
UNIT-V
Pseudo-steady state flow: Generalized pseudo-steady state equation for
vertical wells- Shape factors for vertical wells- Shape factors for fractured
vertical wells- Shape factors of horizontal wells- Horizontal well pseudo-
167
steady state productivity calculations- Inflow performance of partially

open horizontal wells- Inflow performance relationship (IPR) for horizontal
wells in solution gas-drive reservoirs- Predicting horizontal well performance
in solution gas-drive reservoirs.
UNIT-VI
Water and gas coning in vertical and horizontal wells: Critical rate
definition- Vertical well critical rate correlations- Critical rate by production
testing- Decline curve analysis- Water breakthrough in vertical wellsVertical well post-water breakthrough behavior- Characteristics of water
cut versus recovery factor plots- Water and gas coning in horizontal
wells- Horizontal well breakthrough time in a bottom- Water drive reservoirBreakthrough time for a horizontal well in a reservoir with gas cap or
bottom water- Cone breakthrough time for horizontal wells in reservoir
with both gas cap and bottom water- Critical rate for horizontal well in
edge-water drive reservoir practical considerations- Field Histories.
UNIT-VII
Horizontal wells in gas reservoir: Gas reservoir estimation- Gas flow
through porous media- Horizontal well application- production type curvesCase histories.
UNIT-VIII
Pressure drop through a horizontal well: Influence of high pressure
drops- Remedies to minimize high wellbore pressure drops- Pressure drop
through a horizontal well- Comment on fully developed friction factorsPressure drop in a curved wellbore section- Drilled wellbore sizes and liner
sizes- Single-phase pressure drop through a horizontal well- Multiphase
pressure drop through a horizontal well.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Horizontal Well Technology, S. D. Joshi, PennWell Publishing

Company, 1991.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Horizontal Wells: Formation Evaluation, Drilling and Production

Including Heavy Oil Recovery, Roberto Aguilera, G. M. Cordell, G.
W. Nicholl, J. S. Artindete, M. C. Nq., Gulf Publishing Co., 1991.
168
2010-2011

Elective-II
RESERVOIR STIMULATION
UNIT-I
Reservoir justification of stimulation treatments: IntroductionFundamentals of pressure transient analysis- Well and reservoir analysis.
Elements of rock mechanics: Basic concepts- Pertinent rock properties
and their measurement- In-Situ stress and its determination.
UNTI-II
Modeling of hydraulic fractures: Conservation laws, and constitutive
equations- Fracture propagation models- Fluid-Flow modeling- Acid
fracturing.
Fracturing fluid chemistry: Water-Base fluids- Oil-Base fluids- Multiphase
fluids- Additives- Execution.
UNIT-III
Fracturing fluid proppant and characterization: Rheology- Shear and
temperature effects on fluid properties- Foam fracturing fluids- Slurry
rheology- Proppant transport- Fluid loss- Formation and fracture damageProppants.
Pre-Treatment data requirements: Types of data- Sources of dataDynamic downhole testing.
UNIT-IV
Fracturing diagnosis using pressure analysis: Basic relations- Pressure
during pumping- Analysis during closure- Combined analysis pumping
and closure- Field procedures.
The optimization of propped fracture treatments: Physical systems and
mathematical formulations- Treatment optimization design procedureParametric studies of fracture design variables.
UNIT-V
Considerations in fracture design: Size limitations- Considerations with
predetermined size or volume- Benefits of high proppant concentrations-
169
Effect of reservoir properties- Effects of perforations on fracture execution.

Fracture-Height predictions and post-treatment measurements: Linear
fracture-mechanics modeling for fracture height- Fracture-height prediction
procedures- Techniques to measure fracture height.
Post-treatment evaluation and fractured well performance: Selected
references before the finite conductivity fracture models- Cinco and
Samaniego model- Comments on damaged and chocked fractures- Postfracture well analysis- Interpretation for finite conductivity fracture wells
with wellbore storage- Comparison of production forecasts for untreated
and fractured wells- Calculation of the fracture length and conductivity of
long-flowing wells.
UNIT-VI
Nature of formation damage: Pseudo damage Vs Formation damage- True
formation damage- Origin of formation damage- Damage removal.
Acidizing physics: Solid-Liquid reaction under no-flow conditions- Solidliquid reaction with a moving fluid- Other instabilities- Practical implications
in sandstone acidizing- Practical implications in carbonate acidizing.
Matrix acidizing of sandstones: Criteria for fluid selection- Organization
of the decision tree- Preflush and postflush- Acidizing sandstones with
mud acid- Other acidizing formulations- Matrix acidizing design.
UNIT-VII
Fluid placement and diversion in sandstone acidizing: Techniques of fluid
placement- Diverting agents- Laboratory characterization of diverting
agent efficiency- Prediction of efficiency at reservoir conditions.
Matrix acidizing treatment evaluation: Derivation of bottom hole
parameters from wellhead measurements- Monitoring skin evolution during
treatmen- The prouvost and economides (1987) method- discussion:
Components of pressure response- Example calculation.
Principles of acid fracturing: Comparison of acid Fracturing Vs Fracturing
with propping agent and nonreactive fluids- Factors controlling the
effectiveness of acid fracturing treatments- Acid fluid loss- Acid spending
during fluid injection- Treatment design- Acid fracturing treatment modelsExample application of acid fracture design.
UNIT-VIII
Acid fracture propagation and production: Mechanisms of acid penetration-
170
2010-2011
Production model- Production behavior of acid fractures- Performance

type curves- Comparison between acid and propped fractures.
Extended reach and horizontal wells: Comparison of fully completed
horizontal wells with hydraulically fractured vertical wells- Borehole stabilityStimulation- Performance of hydraulically fractured horizontal wells.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Reservoir Stimulation, Michael. J. Economides, Kenneth G. Nolte, 2nd

Edition, Prentice Hall, 1989.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Oil Well Stimulation, Robert S. Schechter, Prentice Hall, 1992.
2.
Modern Fracturing Enhancing Natural Gas Production, Michael J.

Economides, Tony Martin, ET Publishing, 2007.
171

Elective-III
SEPARATION PROCESSES
UNIT-I
The basics of separation operations: Functions of separations operations
in refining- Main separation operations- Implementation of separation
process- Recent progress in separation processes.
Thermodynamics: Phase Equilibria- Introduction- Vapor-liquid equilibriaLiquid-liquid equilibria- Solid-liquid equilibria- Complex mixtures.
Mass transfer and efficiency of separation operations: IntroductionDiffusion in a homogenous phases- Transfer between phases- Predicting
transfer coefficients- Relationship between efficiency and transfer
coefficients.
UNIT-II
Distillation, absorption and stripping: Introduction- The basics of
distillation- Theoretical trays, real contacting equipment- Distilling complex
mixtures- Calculation methods for distillation columns- Designing a
distillation separation unit-Absorption, stripping-Extractive and azeotropic
distillation- Reactive distillation.
UNIT-III
Distillation, absorption and stripping in the petroleum industry:
Atmospheric distillation of crude oil- Vacuum distillation of the atmospheric
residue- Gasoline distillation and gas fractionation- Column internals for
distillation, absorption and stripping.
UNIT-IV
Liquid-liquid extraction: Introduction- Conventions and notations- One
stage extraction- Crosscurrent extraction- Single countercurrent extractionCountercurrent extraction with reflux- Dual solvent extraction- Solvent
characteristics.
UNIT-V
Solvent extraction in the oil industry: Eliminating aromatic compounds
from lube oil stocks to produce lubricants- Deasphalting- Aromatics
172
2010-2011
extraction from light oil cuts- Liquid-liquid extraction equipment.

UNIT-VI
Crystallization: Solid-liquid equilibria, equilibrium deviations- NucleationCrystal growth- Crystal agglomeration- Crystal morphology- Influence of
crystal shape on filtration - Filtration operation- Crystal TechniquesCrystal purification techniques.
UNIT-VII
Crystallization in the oil industry: Solvent dewaxing- Description of
dewaxing unit using the MEK-Toluene solvent mixture-Operating a solvent
dewaxing unit - Process developments.
UNIT-VIII
Adsorption: Adsorbents- Adsorption thermodynamics- Transport
phenomena in adsorbers- Bed profiles and breakthrough curves- Different
techniques for implementing adsorption.
Adsorption in the oil industry: Dehydration- Desulfurization- Decarbonation
of gases- Eliminating oxygenated products from hydrocarbon cutsHydrogen purification- n/Isoparaffin separation- Separation of olefinsSeparation of aromatics- Recovery of hydrocarbon vapors- Clay treatments.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Petroleum Refining: Separation Processes, Jean- Pierre Wauquier, 2nd

Edition, Editions Technip, 1998.
2.
Mass Transfer Operations, R.E. Treybal, 3rd Edition, Mc Graw Hill,

1980.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Separation Processes, C.J. King, 2nd Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1980.
2.
Staged Cascades In Chemical Processing, P.L.T. Brian, Prentice-Hall,

1972.
173

Elective-III
NATURAL GAS PROCESSING
UNIT-I
Overview of natural gas Industry: Introduction- The world picture for
natural gas- Natural Gas in India - Nonconventional gas reserves in IndiaSources of natural gas- Natural gas compositions ClassificationProcessing and principal products- Product specifications- Combustion
characteristics- Overview of gas plant processing- Roles of gas plants Plant processes- Important support- Contractual agreements and
economics.
UNIT-II
Field operations and inlet receiving: Introduction- Field operations- Gas
hydrates Inlet receiving- Safety and environmental considerations.
Compression: Introduction- Fundamentals- Thermodynamics of
compression- Compressor types- Capacity and power calculationsComparison of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors - Safety and
environmental considerations.
UNIT-III
Gas treating: Introduction- Solvent absorption processes- Physical
absorption- Adsorption- Cryogenic fractionation- MembranesNonregenerable hydrogen Sulfide scavengers- Biological processes- Safety
and environmental considerations.
UNIT-IV
Gas dehydration: Introduction- Water content of hydrocarbons- Gas
dehydration processes - Safety and environmental considerations.
UNIT-V
Hydrocarbon recovery: Introduction- Process components- Recovery
processes - Safety and environmental considerations.
UNIT-VI
Nitrogen rejection: Introduction- Nitrogen rejection for gas upgrading-
174
2010-2011
Nitrogen rejection for enhanced oil recovery- Safety and environmental

considerations.
Trace component recovery or removal: Introduction-Helium-Mercury(BTEX) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene.
UNIT-VII
Liquids processing: Introduction- Condensate processing- NGL
processing- Safety and environmental considerations.
Sulfur recovery: Introduction- Properties of sulfur- Sulfur recovery Sulfur storage- Safety and environmental considerations.
Transportation and storage: Introduction-Gas Liquids.
UNIT-VIII
Liquefied Natural Gas: Introduction- Gas treating before liquefactionLiquefaction cycles- Storage of LNG- Transportation- Regasification and
cold utilization of LNG- Economics - Plant efficiency - Safety and
environmental considerations.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Fundamental of Natural Gas Processing, Arthur J. Kidnay, William R.

Parrish, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Natural Gas: A Basic Handbook, James G. Speight, Gulf Publishing

Company, 2007.
2.
Gas Conditioning and Processing, John M. Campbell, Volume 2, 7th

Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1992.
3.
Gas Conditioning and Processing, Robert N. Maddox, Volume 3, 3rd

Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1982.
4.
Petroleum & Gas Field Processing, H. K. Abdel Aal, Mohamed

Aggour and M. A. Fahim, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2003.
5.
Engineering Data Book 12th Edition (Electronic), FPS Version, Volume

I & II, Gas Processers Suppliers Association (GPSA), 2005.
6.
Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing, Saeid

Mokhatab, William A. Poe, James G. Speight, Gulf Professional
Publishing, 2006.
175
7.
Surface Production Operations, Ken Arnold, Maurice Stewart, Volume

2, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Science, 1989.
8.
Field Handling of Natural Gas, J. Leecraft, 4th Edition, PETEX, 2007.
9.
Plant Processing of Natural Gas, Doug Elliot, J.C. Kuo, Pervouz

Nasir, 2nd Edition, PETEX, 2012.
176
2010-2011

Elective-III
NATURAL GAS HYDRATES
UNIT-I
Introduction: Overview of natural gas hydrates- Natural gas- Water
molecule- Hydrates- Water and natural gas- Free-Water- Heavy waterUnits.
Hydrate types and formers: Type I hydrates- Type II hydrates- Size of the
guest molecule- n-Butane- Other hydrocarbons and non hydrocarbon
molecules- Chemical properties of potential guests- Liquid hydrate formersType H hydrates- Hydrate forming conditions- Pressure-TemperatureComposition- Other hydrate formers- Mixtures- Examples.
UNIT-II
Hydrate formation hand calculation methods: Gas gravity method- KFactor method- Baillie-Wichert method- Comments on these methodsExamples.
UNIT-III
Hydrate formation computer methods: Phase equilibrium- Van der Waals
and Platteeuw- Parrish and Prausnitz-Ng and Robinson methodsCalculations- Commercial software packages- Accuracy of these programsDehydration- Examples.
UNIT-IV
Inhibiting hydrate formation with chemicals: Freezing point depressionHammerschmidt equation- Nielsen-Bucklin equation- New method- Brine
solutions- Comment on the simple methods- Advanced calculation methodsInhibitor vaporization- Comment on injection rates- Kinetic inhibitorsExamples.
UNIT-V
Dehydration of natural gas: Water content specification-Glycol
dehydration- Molecular sieves- Refrigeration- Examples.
UNIT-VI
Combating hydrates using heat and pressure: Use of heat- Heat loss from
177
a buried pipeline- Line heater deign- Two-Phase heater transferDepressurization- Melting a plug with heat- Examples.
UNIT-VII
Physical properties of hydrates: Molar mass - Density- Enthalpy of
fusion- Heat capacity- Thermal conductivity- Mechanical properties- Volume
of gas in hydrate- Ice versus hydrate- Examples.
Phase diagrams: Phase rule- Comments about phases- Single component
systems- Binary systems- Phase behavior below 0C- Multicomponent
systems- Examples.
UNIT-VIII
Water content of natural gas: Equilibrium with liquid water- Equilibrium
with solids- Examples.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Natural Gas Hydrates: A Guide for Engineers, John J. Carroll, Gulf

Professional Publishers, 2003.
2.
Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, E. Dendy Sloan, Jr., C. Koh, 3rd

Edition, CRC Press, 2007.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Natural Gas Hydrates in Flow Assurance, E. Dendy Sloan, C. Koh,

A. K. Sum, A. L. Ballard, J. Creek, M. Eaton, N. McMullen, T.
Palermo, G. Shoup and L. Talley, Elsevier, 2010.
178
2010-2011

Elective-IV
CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING
UNIT-I
Overview of chemical reaction engineering- Classification of reactions,
variables affecting the rate of reaction definition of reaction rate. Kinetics
of homogenous reactions- Concentration dependent term of rate equationTemperature dependent term of rate equation-Searching for a mechanismPredictability of reaction rate from theory.
UNIT-II
Interpretation of batch reactor data- Constant volume batch reactorAnalysis of total pressure data obtained in a constant-volume system- the
conversion- Integral method of analysis of data General procedureIrreversible unimolecular type first order reactions- Irreversible bimolecular
type second order reactions-Irreversible trimolecular type third order
reactions, empirical reactions of nth order, zero-order reactions-Overall
order of irreversible reactions from the half-life- Fractional life methodIrreversible reactions in parallel- homogenous catalyzed reactionsAutocatalytic reactions-Irreversible reactions in series.
UNIT-III
Constant volume batch reactor First order reversible reactions-Second
order reversible reactions- Reversible reactions in general reactions of
shifting order- Differential method of analysis of data. Varying volume
batch reactorDifferential method of analysis Integral method of analysis,
zero order, first order, second order, nth order reactions-Temperature and
reaction rate-The search for a rate equation.
UNIT-IV
Introduction to reactor design- General discussion, symbols and
relationship between C and X - Ideal reactors for a single reaction- Ideal
A
A
batch reactor- Steady-state mixed flow reactor- Steady-state plug reactors.
UNIT-V
Design for single reactions- Size comparison of single reactors- Multiplereactor systems-Recycle reactor-Autocatalytic reactions.
179
UNIT-VI
Design for parallel reactions- Introduction to multiple reactions- Qualitative
discussion about product distribution-Quantitative treatment of product
distribution and of reactor size.
UNIT-VII
Irreversible first order reactions in series-Quantitative discussion about
product distribution-quantitative treatment plug flow or batch reactorQuantitative treatment mixed flow reactor- First-order followed by zero
order reaction- zero order followed by first order reaction.
UNIT-VIII
Temperature and pressure effects- Single reactions- Heats of reaction from
thermodynamics-Heats of reaction and temperature-Equilibrium constants
from thermodynamics-Equilibrium conversion.
Basics of non-ideal flow- E-The age distribution of fluid-T the RTDConversion in Non-ideal flow reactors- Diagonizing reactors ills (qualitative
discussion only).
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Chemical Reaction Engineering, Octave Levenspiel, 3rd Edition, John

Wiely & Sons, 1999.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 2nd Edition,

PHI, 1992.
2.
Chemical Engineering Kinetics, J.M.Smith, 3rd Edition, Mc Graw Hill,

1981.
180
2010-2011

Elective-IV
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
UNIT-I
Basic philosophy of CFD: Governing equations of Fluid Dynamics,
Incompressible Inviscid flows sources and vortex panel methods.
UNIT-II
Mathematical properties of fluid dynamic equations Discretization of
partial differential equations.
UNIT-III
Transformations and Grids, Explicit finite Differential methods Some
selected applications to inviscid and viscous flows.
UNIT-IV
Boundary layer equations and methods of solution.
UNIT-V
Implicit time dependent methods for inviscid and viscous compressible
flows, with a discussion of the concept of numerical dissipation.
UNIT-VI
Introduction to finite element methods in computational fluid dynamics
weighted residual formulation weak formulation piece wise defined
shape functions numerical integration partial construction of a weak
formulation Examples.
UNIT-VII
Introduction of finite volume methods in computational fluid dynamics.
FCM Like finite volume methods Cell centered formulation LAX
Wendroff time stepping.
UNIT-VIII
Aspects of CFD computations with commercial packages and Examples.
181
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Introduction, John F. Wendt,

John David Anderson, Springer, 2009.
2.
Computational Fluid Dynamics The Basics with Applications (1-5

Chapters), John D. Anderson, Jr., McGraw Hill, Inc., 1995.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid flow, S.V. Patankar, Taylor &
Francis, 1980.
2.
An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Finite Volume

Method, Versteeg, H.K., and Malalasekera W., 2nd Edition, Prentice
Hall, 2007.
3.
Muralidhar, K . Sundarajan, T., Computational Fluid Flow and Heat

Transfer, Narosa Publishing House, 1995.
182
2010-2011

Elective-IV
PETROLEUM BIOTECHNOLOGY
UNIT-I
Overview of application of biotechnology in petroleum industry - Use of
petroleum biotechnology throughout the value chain of an oil company.
UNIT-II
The microbial diversity of deep surface oil reservoirs.
UNIT-III
Prospects for biological upgrading of heavy oils and asphaltenes.
UNIT-IV
Biotechnological approach for development of microbial enhanced oil
recovery.
UNIT-V
Using nitrate control microbially produced hydrogen sulfide in oil field
waters.
UNIT-VI
Bioremediation of marine spills.
UNIT-VII
Bio-corrosion and molecular tools in microbial corrosion.
UNIT-VIII
Biological treatment of polluted air emissions.
Biotreatment of water pollutants from the petroleum industry.
Future directions of applications of biotechnology Technology needs.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Petroleum Biotechnology: Developments and Perspectives, Rafael

Vazquez Duhalt, Rodolfo Quintero Ranuruz, Elsevier, 2004.
183

PROJECT WORK
The project work may consist of any one of the following:
a)
The project work should consist of a comprehensive design project

of any one of the petroleum upstream processes concerned with
reservoir, drilling, production, surface production operations,
stimulation, enhanced oil recovery in the form of a report.
b)
Modeling & Simulation of any petroleum upstream unit concerned

with reservoir, drilling, production, surface production operations,
stimulation, enhanced oil recovery.
c)
Any experimental work with physical interpretations.

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Petroleum Engineering

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

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