Isolated spontaneous abortions may result from certain virusesmost notably

cytomegalovirus, herpesvirus, parvovirus, and rubella virusor from disorders that can
cause sporadic abortions or recurrent pregnancy loss (eg, chromosomal or mendelian
abnormalities, luteal phase defects). Other causes include immunologic abnormalities,
major trauma, and uterine abnormalities (eg, fibroids, adhesions). Most often, the cause
is unknown.
Risk factors include

Age > 35

History of spontaneous abortion

Cigarette smoking

Use of certain drugs (eg, cocaine, alcohol, high doses of caffeine)

A poorly controlled chronic disorder (eg, diabetes, hypertension, overt thyroid

disorders) in the mother

Subclinical thyroid disorders, a retroverted uterus, and minor trauma have not been
shown to cause spontaneous abortions.

http://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/abnormalities-ofpregnancy/spontaneous-abortion

Pervaginal Bleeding
<20 weeks gestation

With Expulsion of
Without Expulsion of
Tissue
Tissue

Total
Non
Dilatated
Cervix

Dilatated
Cervix

Imminent

Incipient

Missed

RadiantGanteng

Partial

Incomple
te

Complet
e