PCNs

PCN
Amp/Amox
Oxacillin/Diclox
1st gen
Cephalosporins
Cefazolin/Cephele
xin
2nd gen
Cephalosporins
Cefuroxime
3rd gen
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Cefpodoxime PO
Ceftazadime
4th gen
Cefepime

G
+
+
+
+

MRS
A

Ps
A

Inhibit peptidoglycan cross linking in cell walls

Not staph

?
Sensitive staph
Less susceptible to B lactamases

+
+
+
+

+
+
+
+

+
+

Carbapenems
Imipenem

Ertapenem

Meropenem

Combinations
Amox/Clavulanate
(Augmentin)
Amp/Sulbactam

G
-

Sensitive staph. Gram - ESBL are resistant

+
+
Highly resistant to B lactamases;Lowers seizure threshold

+
+
+
+
+
+

+
+

No PsA!
+
Combo with B lactamase inhibitor

(Unasyn)
Pip/Tazo (Zosyn)
Aztreonam
Macrolides
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

+
+
+
+
?

+
+
+
+

Quinolones
Levofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin

Moxifloxacin

Gatifloxacin

Tetracyclines
Doxycycline

Aminoglycoside
s
Gent
Tobra
Neomycin
Vancomycin
Clindamycin

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

Binds only Gram penicillin binding proteins

Inhibits bacterial tRNA and ribosome translocation
atypicals

Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase. Watch INR.

CDif.
And atypicals

+
Binds ribosome, inhibits tRNA binding. Photosensitivity!
And most atypical (not Legionella)

+ +

Binds ribosome, inhibis protein synthesis. Nephrotoxic,

ototoxic
+
+

+
+
Not absorbed

+
+
+

+ ?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis. 15mg/kg bid (less if renal

insuff); Redman
Binds ribosome, inhibits tRNA and ribosomes (like

Metronidazole
Linezolid
Daptomycin
Tigecycline
Nitrofurantoin
Rifampin
Trimethoprim/Sulf
a

macrolides).
Taken up by anerobes, forms toxic metabolites. Peripheral
neuropathy
Prevents initiation complex of ribosomes. Marrow toxicity

Binds to cell membranes, depolarizes, cell death. VRE.

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

+ +

+
+

+
+

Binds ribosome, prevents translocation.

Toxic metabolites. e. coli only
Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase. Neiserria
Inhibits successive steps in folate synthesis. Increases Cr
but not nephrotoxic