Bail DAI CUONG VE SDMAX 4, GIGI THIEU BO HOA 3 CHIEU: x 5 44 PHAN BIET KHAI NIEM BO HOA 2 CHIEU (2D) VA 3 CHIEU (8D): A. Dé hoa 2 chiéu (2D -2 dimension graphic): Trong cde chugng trinh thiét ké dé hoa 2 chiéu, viti eta mal diém tron ban vé duge biéu dién béing 2 théng 6 x va y. B6 1 hodnh 6 (vi triclla diém anh trén thude ngang) va tung do (vi tri ola diém anh wén thude doo). www,dohgavn.net - tydieu OF amen a = Nhu thé, trong dé hoa 2 chiéu ngudi ta sit dung hé théng truc toa da x (True ngang) va y (true doo) dé bigu didn vj tri cla mét diém anh. Hai diém Anh noi nhau tao than mat doan. Nhieu dogn lin tiép nhau tao thanh mdt dudng. Hinh Anh tao bi nniéu duding chép lai va xuat hin tran mat mat phang, khdng c6 chiéu séu, chiéu day. B. Bd hoa 3 chiéu (3D - 3 dimension graphic): Trong sac chucng trinh thigt ké 46 hea 3 chiéu, vj tri cla mot diém duge bidu dién bang 3 thang sd x, y va Z. Hai thong sé x va y [a hoanh d@ va tung da, thdng s6 z bigu didn vj tricia cim anh chiéu wen truc toa da thi 3 ma ta quen gol la chiéu sau. Truc toa db nay thang géc vdi mat phang tao bai hai truc x va y Niu thé, trong 66 hoa 3 chiéu ngudi ta sif dung hé théng tryc toa dd x (Trye ngang), y (ruc doc) va z (chiéu sau) dé bigu dign vj tri cla mét ciém anh trong khong gian. Cha y: Chiéu au trén man hinh vi tinh that 1a cing chi la mét sy mé phdng va of gBng din td kich thudte theo chiéu thi 3 bing cach st dyng dé sang/ tdi tao ra bdi cdc nguén sang nhan lao. Nhan xet: -Hinh anh 2D xuat nién trén 1 mat phang va khong o6 chiéu sau. Khi cén ve vat thé cé chidu su [vidu: mét khdi h6p), ngudi ta phai tao nhiéu lap (layer) chong én nhau, mal ldp k mot mat phang vi mot hay nhiéu doi tvong.- hi cn ddi gde nhin déi voi mot vat thé 2D, ta phai ve mdi lai nd mot céch hon toan. Lap? tap? €. Tueng quan gitia dé hea 2D va dé hea 3D: é - Mgt 86 hinh anh 2D cé thé phat trién ten thanh anh 3D. Vi dy: - Véng trén quay quanh mat duting kinh tao thanh khdi cau. - Hinh phéing trudt doe v8 thang goc thed mat dudng, tao thanh hinh Gng. + Trong thy té, ngudl ta e6 thé ding cdc hinh phang cia Illustrator, Autocad (Al. DXF) 8 tao thanh Anh 3 chiéu, : 1.3 PHUONG PHAP TAO HINH CUA SDMAX: Phugng phap tao hinh cla 3 Dmax dya trén mgt sé nguyén tac chinh nhusauy - Sif dung he théng 2 tryo toa do dé chi ra vj tricia 1 ciém trong khong gidh, Cac diém nay tao thann nntng dinn (vertex) cla vat thé. S, - Hai diém ndi tiép nhau tao thanh mdi doan (segment), nhigu doaq tao thanh duéing (line). ~3aiém tao thanh mot ca gide (tam gidc) vei din, 3canh va 1 mat Nhiéu da giac ghép vao nhau tao thanh mét khung ludi (wireframe) co hinh dang olja,Wab thé can tao. Nhu thé, vat thé cd thé cd hang trim, hang ngan matwdifede dinh va canh da gidc lin vao nhaw - Phi mt Jogi val fiéu len khung ludi. Vat ligu dligetao ra bing cdc mau &nh bitmap (chup Anh, scan) nén 6 thé ding cde loal chat liéythatinhy vai, da, gach, da_ - Lam néi bat chiéu sau ola vat thé bangedch chigu sang vat the vai nhiéu nguon sang khde hau, . - Chon khung nhin: vat thé xwdtfign’nhw thé nao la thy thugc vée khung nhin chon. p . BAL CUGNG VE CHUGNG\TRINH 3DMAx: 2.1 CAC BIEU KIEN DE.CAI BAT VA CHAY 3DMAX: CPU: Pentium, Trong thuc t@ yéu edu ttt Pentium 2 td len. Dung luong: Gheng trinh chiém khodng 342 Mb. Man hinh mau 16 bit, BG phan gidi tdi thigu 800 x 600 pixels, Tat nhat nén sty dung loai card man hinh 6 hé tro 3D. 2.2 MUC BICH SU DUNG TRONG BO HOA - Tao cae ninh vé 3 chiéu ging nbv that. Cac hinh vé nay ed thé xuat thanh anh 2 chigu 08 si dung. - Tao cdc tile chuyén dong tii don gin dén phitc tap, cd thé xudt thanh nhiing t4p tin video (“.avi, mpg] diing lam phim hoat hinh, chén vao céc trang web dong. ~ Hai (ng dung trén Gay chinh la 2 giai dogn cila mét quy trinh lam wiée vai 3Dmax: Tao hinh — Gan vat ligu — Dién hoat — Két xual. 2.3 GIAO DIEN MAN HINH SDMAX: A. Cac khung nhin (Viewport): Man hinh 3Dmax cung cap 4 khung phin gdm 3 mat cat Top, Lett, Front va khung nhin taan canh Perspective:= Top: thugng dién, nhin tu tren xudng, Trong khung nhin nay ta chi thay 2 truc x va y- shang abia Freat shang ain Perapeciive - Left tA dién, niin ti bén trai cua déi tugng. Trong khung nhin nay ta chi thay 2 trye y va z. = Front: nhin chinh dién. Trong khung nhin nay ta chi thay 2 trycx va Z, - Perspective: trong khung nhin nay vat thé xuat hién dudi dang phéi canh. Cc khung nhin that ra cd thé hodn déi cho nhau: Chon kung va gd cdc phim tucng Ung aé hién thi khung mudn chon: = Chi T: hién thj khung Top (nhin ti trén xudng). = Chit B: hién thi Khung Bottom (nhin tl dudi len) Ohi L: hién thj khung Left (nhin tif trai qua) - Chir A: hi€n thi khung Right (nhin wy phai qua). = Chi F: hién thi khung Front (nhin chinh dién). - Chi’ K: high th) knung Back (nhin ti phia sau ung). - Chit P: hién thi knung Perspective (nin phdi canh) B, Cac bang dang thanh (bar): ~ Thanh tiéu dé: ten tap tin va cdc lénh thuiphong, déng chucng tinh, - Thanh Menu: gém 11 Menu, nci tapytyung.cac enh cla 3Dmax. - Thanh cong cy (Main toolbar). - Bang TAB: cdc bang cé chuqn&ngho tg. Gém cdc bang sau: ‘Objects: cung cap c4cicdng cy tao vat thé dang kh6i.. +. Shape: cung cdp ¢4e cing cu tao dutng vé 20 Compound: cung’edp cdc cdng cu tao vat thé philc tap. Light - Carfera: cung cap ede céng cy tao nguén chigu sang va cong cu thu hinh, Particles: cung cap cdc cing cy tao vat thé dang hat. Helpers: mot sé hd trg. Space Warps’ cung cdp cdc cong cy bién dang, Modifiers: cung cap cde phép hiéu chinh vat thé. : Moldering: cung cap cdc phép tao dang. Rendering: Két xuat, Igo file anh bitmap (2D) hode file anh dong (avi) G. Bang lénh: Command panel Bang lénh gém co 6 myc: - Create: cde hd tg tg0 ddi tudng = Modify: cac hd tg higu chin di tugng.- Hierarchy: cdc hé trq ndi két déi tugng, - Motion: cdc hé tro bign adi ddl tugng. - Display: cde ha tro hign thj déi tuyng.. - Utilities: Cac tien ich cai thém (plug: ins) Bang lénh ctia 3DMax ¢6 dang cudn. Dé cugn bang, dat cong cu lén 1 ché tréng cla bang, cong cy chuyén thanh ban tay va ré bang di D. Dong trang thai: Status line, Cung cap cde di liu sau: + $6 lugng didi wong dang dude chen. ae ects - Khoa doi tugng. aang Ts - Toa G6 cia con tré Wén 3 truc x, y va Zz. = bef tone - Mat dé Iudi nén. i fgtere | Sactizhotn | Spenser tite Tous Benet Tasca, | fave _| 2.4 HE THONG TRUC TOA BO: Toa do cla mot diém trong-knéng gian la cdc thong 86 06 tinh tuang d6i, ty thudc ¥ao hé thong quy chiéu Lenh tnu 14trén Main Taptbar che phép chon hé théng quy chiéu aé [am wie: Trong SDMax paul ta thuting dang 3 he théng quy chiéu chinh: ™ + He thang ‘Wertd (noac View): khi mdi mé 4 tp tin méi hoa tat lap bang lenh Reset, chinh gia cdc khung hi thay c6 cde duding dam ndi tén trén khung luéi nD [a céc truc toa G6 abe ola hd théng World Mot vat th2 06 tam dat noay trén cdc adc toa dé nay fsé cb toa d6 lA x=0, y=O va 2=0. - H8 théng Local: he théng nay ldy tam ctla chinh vat thé lam g6c toa dé. Nhu thé eho di wat thé bin déi vi tri nhu thé nao, toa do eba'ne Won ludn [a x=0, y=0 va 220, Khi vat thé quay, gabléng hé théng true toa 46 quay nahiéng theo. HE thong néy,shdhng dude cling khi can higu chinh vj tri hod kich thude etka mOt vat the doc theo c&c canaiede chinh no - Hé thég Pick: hé théng nay lay tam cila mot vat thé trong khung canh lam: adic toa dd. Dé thigtlap hé théng nay cho mot vat thé, bAm chon Pick trong danh sich ca lenh thi 14 tren Main Toolbar, sau db bém lén vat thé dugo chon lam goc toa aa. He théng nay thuding duce ding khi cfin hiéu chinh chuyén déng cia mét vat thé so vdi mat vat thé kha (wi dy: vat thé nay quay quanh wat thé kia). BL tong hf ting World (view) wat mé trang bf thdng LoeatBai2 TAO CAC VAT THE CO BAN (Primitive Objects) Gao vat thé oo ban la ning dai tugng don gidn nhdt co thé tao ra tl 3DMax, nhu hinh khéi edu, khdi tru, mat phang. Tt nhding déi tugng co ban nay ta cd thé tao thanh hing ddi tudng co hinh thé phic tap, sé dé cap dan d nhng bai sau. Trude khi bat dau tao cdc vat thé co ban, ta phai tién hanh vide khai bao mat sé thang 86 mac dinh cho mai trudng lam vige (Preferences) va tim higu mat sé thao tac ed ban. 1, KHAL BAO PREFERENCES: Thue hién 3 khai bao sau: - Bon vi do lung: Menu Customize — Preferences - General Chon muc Unit System Scale / 4 Unit = 1 Milimeter - Mat 46 ludi nén: = Home Grid (iudi nén) ld mat ludi ca ro glip ta thye hién viee vé cde vel thé mokodch chin x4e non, Mat phang ludi nén trén cdc khung nhin di qua diém gc cha teye toa dé Bat tat ludi nén: Menu View - Grids — Show home grid (phim tat G). Menu Gustomize - Grid and Snap setting - Home Grid Khai bdo Grid Spacing = 10 Chon Dynamic update = All viewport - $0 bude phye hdi bang lénh Undo: Menu Gustomize — Preferences ~ Scene Undo Khai bdo s6 bude trang muc Undo levels, 2. MOT $6 THAO TAC CO BAN: - Lap mét tap tin mdi: file - New (phim tat Gtr +N) l§p man hinh melt Menu file — Reset, Lanh Reset ddng tap tin dang thyc hign va md mot tap tin mdi. Khi déng tap tin dang thuc hién ta phai xdc nba lu tp tin dang thye hién hay khongt¥es / No / Cancel). Sau dé ta con phal tdi xac nhan y dinh md tap tin mdi (Yes-/ No) = Nhdp mt ddi'tugng (vat thé) ca san: Ta cd thé nhap mat (hode nhiéu) val thé trich ti mét tap tin 3Dmax co san vao tap tin dang thyc hién. Néu val thé c6 sdn phdn hoat cdnh, ta co thé chon nhap cd phan hoat canh hode chi nhdp vat thé khéng cd hoat cdnh.: Menu file - Xret Objects Chen lénh Add. - Trang phdn Look in tim dén tap tin co chia vat thé - Open Chon vat thé mudn ahdp - OK Xref Merge: néu vat thé mun nhdp co san phdn hoat cdnh (chuyén déng), ta sé phai xde nhén cd nhap ludn phan chuyén dong nay hay khéng (Yes / No) -Nhap mét hoat cdnh eo san: Jaco thé nhdp mét haat canh wich ty mot tap tin 30max cd sdn vao tép tin dang thy hign: Menu file — Xref Scenes Ghon lénh Add. - Trong phan Look in tim dén tap tin muén nhdp hoat canh — ¢Chon hoat canh mudn nhap ~ OK - Chgn khung nhin dé lam vie: 3Dmax cung edp cho ta 4 khung nhin (Top, Front, Left va Perspective). Nhu ta 68 biét 6 bAi trude, cdc khung nay ed thé chuyén déitly y bang cach g6 cde phim B (Bottom), K (Back), R (Right). Tuang ty nhu trong phép vé ky thudt st’ dung cde mat cat dé dién ta vat tne, cdc khung nhin cia 3Dmax gilip ta thc hién cde doi ludng mét cach chinh x4c. Ta chon mot khung nao dé dé thuc hién wat thé, dong thdi quan sat cdc khung khdc (thong thudng ngudi ta thuc hign vat thé trén_khung Top). Khung Perspective la noi thé hién ket qua cudi cung, Khong nén thyc hién hodc higu chinh vat thé tan khung nay vi két qua co thé sai lac ma ta khéng thé phat hién ra. - Thay d6i cach thé hign vat the: Vat thé xudt hién trén mot khung nhin dudi hai dang: dang khung day (wireframe) va dang ldng dep (smoath highlight). Dang khung day: dang nay cho thay bd ‘“khung xuong" olla vat thé. Dang nay nén ding khi dang thyc hign va hiv chinh ddi tueng, gilp cho thao tac duga.nhann gon. Dang fang Gep:thé hin vat thé dudi dang that, duge pho vat licu,.c6,mau sac va do sdng tdi cla cdc mat va cdc chi tiét bé thay ddi cach thé hién vat thé, nhdp chudt phdi lén tén cia Khting nhin 6 chon va chon Smooth highlight haac Wireframe. 3. CHON BOI TUGNG - KHOA CHQN: Tiy theo thao tac sdp thyc hién chon khdo nhau. 7- Céng ey chon: Cong cu tht 7 (tt trdiqua trén Main Toolbar). Cé 2 edeh sti dung cong cu chon Bam cong cy trén déi tugng trongemOt khung nhin bat ky dé chon déi tudng. + Chon kiéu chon “bao quanh" (Window selection) trén déng nhac (Prompt line) va tao 1 hinh bao quanh doi tugng dé&i¢har'nd 2-.Chan déi tuging bang f@n'cua nd: Cong cy tht 10. Bam céng cu nay mé ra hop thoai Select Objects vdi danh Séch cde adi tugng cd mat trén ban vé. Chon tén ddi tudng va bam Select. as 3 Chon dei tugngede di chuyen: nhu sau: + Chon Khuhg\nhin dé thao tac tuy thee hudng di chuyén - Chon tue khdng ché di chuyén: X, Y hade Z. Khi da chan { truc khéng ché, ddi tudng chi co thé di chuyén doc theo true d& chon. - Chon mat phAng khéng ché di chuyén: XY, YZ hodc XZ. Khi Ga chon 1 mat khdng ché, déi tuong chi od thé di chuyén trang pham vi mat da chon. 4, Chan dei tugng @é quay: Cang cu thi 12 (Select and Rotate}. SU dung cdng cu nay nhu sau: - Chon khung nhin dé thao tac. - Chon trye khéng ché quay: X, ¥ hoae Z. Khi da chon 4 truc khéng ché, ddi tudng chT 66 thé quay quanh tryc da chon. 5. Chon doi tugng dé thay déi kich thudc: Céng cu thi 13, gm 3 cing cu can: - Select and Uniform Scale: thay déi kich thude ddl tugng mot cdch ty 1é gilla cdc canh - Selec! and Non-unitorm Seale: thay déi kich thude riéng mot cann nao dé cia adi wong. Chon canh can thay déi kich thude (X, ¥ hodic Z) bang cach bam vao 1 trang 3 phim nay. - Select and Squash: thay ddi kich thude va nén doi tugng (khi 1 canh thay déi kich thuée thi cac canh kia thay adi theo chiéu ngude Iai. Meo ve é khdng ché cdc truc quay, di chuyén va chinh kich thuée, ta dat céng cu Jén truce at chinh, khéng dat in vat thé. Truc duge chon khdng ché s& sang lan mau vang. Cac n ddi tudng mapiaecd thé chon bang nhiéu céng cy ‘ong cy thi 11 (Select and Move). Str dyng céng cu naytrus Khang duge khdng ché 8 cd mau xanh hodc dé. 6. Che dau bet dé} tugng bang bang Jenn Displa| ikhi ban vé da trd nén phic tap, da tinh chat 3 chiéu, cfic ddi tugng s& che lép mat nhau [Am cho thao tac khé khan. Ta cé thé khac phuc bang cach dling bang lénh Display. - Chon di tugng céin che dau - Chon bang Display - Chon lénh Hide selected. ©é hdy che dau: Chen lénh Unhide all. 7, Khod chon vat the: Khi mot ban vé trd nén phic tap viso lugng vat thé tng lén, viée thao tac tran mét déi tugng s8 cng khé khan vi bi cdc vat thé khae can trd. pé kndc phyc, sau khi chon vat thé ta cé thé khod chon bang cach bam 6 l@nh Lock (hinh é khda) tren dong trang thai, bén dudi man ninh. Sau khi khod, vat thé s@ duyc chon va _khdng bi hly chon cho dén khi dude ma khoa bang cach bam thém mot lén nda ten lenh Lock. 8. Dat tan cho vat the. Sau khitao ra val thé ta nen dat tén cho né sao cha né khong bj (rung lap voi cdc vat thé khac cling loal, Viée nay dae biét quan trong vi sau mot thdi gian, s6 Tugng wat thé tang lén co thé gay nhiéu kié khan trong viéc chon vat thé dé thao tac. Liic dé, ta cd thé chon bang tén cla ching sé cing hon, Ga tén vat thé vao 6 tén trong muc Name and color. 9, Chon mau (6: Bam vao 4 mau mau trong myc Name and Coforva chon mau. Go thé chen thém mau to cho vat thé bling cdch bam Add Custom Color - Chon mau - OK. 4, CAC CONG CY HO.TRG HUONG NHIN: Quan sat gée dudi bén phdi cia man hinh. Day 14 cde cOng cu gidp quan st cdc vat thé trang géc nhin mét cdch tudng tan va chinh xae han: 1 a 7 4 Create ——~ Ccomiry A Besa: [fcersas Puraivns ¥ nghia cdc cong cy: +. Céng cu thu / phéng (Zoom ~ phim tét 2): thu phéng mot khung nhin. Ré cong cy len: phong idn "RE cdng cu xudng: thu nho i ‘cna | _ Panel | 2. Cang eu Zoom all: cht odn ré céng cu tren Tasect | Pine 4 khung dé thu phdng hinh anh trong todn bo 4 wis z khung. 3. Cong cy Zoom extent: gom tat cd cde vat thé vao trong khung nhin.10 e 4 Céng cy Zoom extent all: gom tat ca cdc vat thé vao trong khung cia cd 4 khung nhin 5, Céng cu Zoom dling riéng cho khung nhin Perspective, 6. Céng cy ré ving nhin (pan). 7. Cong cu quay vung nhin (Arc rotate - Phim tat V) 8. COng cu thu / phdng khung nhin lan day man hinh (Miné Max Toggle - phim iat W) 5. TAO CAG VAT THE CO BAN (PRIMITIVE OBJECTS): © bat déu tao adi iugng, chon myc Create (Tao hinh) trong bang [énh. Trong phdn cdc loai dé] tugng, chon myc Geometry (Béitugng hinh hac), Vat thé co ban la nhiing vat thé dang khdi od hinh dang don gidn hod phife tap. tao ra béing cdc cing cu cia 3OMax chI bling 4 lin vé, dé phan vai déi tugng phic hgp (Compound abject) tao bang cach lién két, xd Wy nbiéu vat thé co ban, Vat thé co ban gém 2 loai: + Val thé co ban so cfip (Standard primitive object), - Wat thé co ban thi ep (Extended primitive abject) 5.1 VAT THE CO BAN SO CAP: Bam vao 6 danh sach eds loa vat thé va chon Standard primitives C6 10 foai vat thé co ban sa cap: ~ Box: Ndi Nop, - Sphere: khoi cau (tao bdi 1 hinh iron quay quank tdudng kinh cla né tao thanh). + Cylinder: khdi lang try. + Torus: véng xuyén, - Teapot: binh tra (mot loai vat thé co ban.dée biét cia 3Omax)_ - Cone: khéi chép nén (d4y tron). - GeoSphere: khdi cdu hudng tam (knél cdu tao bdi cdc mat phang nhé hinh tam giao cé phdp tuyén di qua tam cla hinh cau). - Tube: khdi hinh dng. ~ Pyramid: khdi hinh Kim tuothap (day 14 1 hinh cho hat} - Plane: tao hinh mat phahg 1. Tao hinh khai hép: - Chon céng cu Box. - Chon khung nhin Top. ~ Ré cong cu tw gdc cao trai qua goc thap phai, chd-y¥ chon vi ti chinh gida khung nhin Top, saa cho hinh chil nhét ddy ela khdi xuat hién ed trén 4 khung nhin, Budng chudt. > KhGng bam chust, di chuyén con tré lén phia trén cla man hinh. Quan sat chiéu cao olla kidi tao ra, bam chudt dé cham dit chiéu cao cla khéi - Hiéu chinh kich thude ~ Chen mye Modity trong bang lénh. - Ghon phan Parameter, nhap cdc tr] sd: Length: chiéu dai (truc y) Width: chiéu réng (true x) : chiéu cao (truc z) Go Enter. f Chu ¥: don vi chigu dai trong cdc 6 Length, Width va Height duge xdx dinn trong phan Preferences (xem bai trudc) - Bal ian va chon mau: NI- Tré Iai bang !8nh Create. - Trong phdn Name and Color, dat tén va chon mau cho vat thé va tao ra Vide dat tén cho vat thé 1a can thiét vi khi ban ¥é da tr nén phic tap visd lung vat thé tang lén, ta ¢6 thé chon él tugng bang tén cla nd vdi cng cy thd 10 (Select by name}. + Dat tén cho vat the Enter. - Bam vao 6 mau bén tay phai 6 Name va chon mau cho vat thé. 2. Tag hinh khdi cau: - Chon céng cu Sphere. - Chon khung nhin Top. - Fé céng cy tl gée cao trai qua gdc thap phdi, chu ¥ chon vi tri chinh gida khung hin Top, sao cho khd! xuat hién trén cd 4 khung nhin. Bung chudt. -Hiéu chinh kich thude: - Chon muc Modify trong bang lénh. - Chon phan Parameter, nhap cdc tri $0: Radius: ban kinh khéi cdu Segments: s6 cung tao nén vong tron cia kné) cang min dep Enter. - Dg tén va chon mau cho khél cau. 3. Tao hinh khél King try: Chon edng cy Cylinder, + Chon khung nhin Top. Ag eéng ou tt géc cao tral qua goc thép phdiechiiy chon vi tri chinh gida khung nhin Top, sao cho ninh day cua khdi xual hién ca.tren 4 khung nhin. Budng chuot -Khdng bam chudt, di chuyén con td fénphia tren cla man hinh. Quan’ sdt chiéu cao ela khdi tao ra, bam chudt dé chémdit chisu cao cla khéi. - Higu chinh kich thude va hinh dang: = Chon mye Modify trong bang lénh. - Chon phén Parameter, hap cde tr] sd: Radius: ban kinh cla déy khoi try Height: chiéu cao khoi tru. Sides: sé canh cua da gidc day khdi tru Go Enter Néu mudn cé khéi sde canh, khdng chon Smooth. Hé cd day hinh tron, tri sf Sides tai thigu la 16 va chon Smooth, - gt tén va ehon mau. 2 : bang cdch xod tén mac dinh trong 6 Name va go 1én mdi — i cu. S¢ cung cang nhiéu, khdi céu 4, Tao hinh khél véng xuyén: - Ghon cong cu Torus. - Chan khung nhin Top. ~ Ag cong cu til gée cao trai qua gdc thép phdi, chu ¥ chon i ti chinh gia khung nhin Top, sao cho hinh day cia khdi xuat hin cd trén 4 khung niin. Budng chuot - Khong bam chudét, di chuyén con tré ve phia trong eda hinh tron. Quan sat chiéu day sla vong xuyén tao ra, bam chugt dé hodn thanh wong xuyén - Higu chinh kich thude va hinh dang: ~ Chon muc Modify trong bang lénh. ~ Ghon phan Parameter, nhap ede tri sé Radius 1: ban kinh thd nhat cla véng xuyén. Radius 2: ban kinh thi hai cla vang xuyén Sides: s¢ canh eda da gidc mat cdt ca ving xuyén.Seaments: 6 cung tgo thanh vang xuyén. Néu mudncé khdi séc canh, khéng chon Smooth. bé cd mat ct hinh tron, ti s6 Sides 10i thigu [4 16 va chon Smooth - Dat tén va chon mau. §. Tao hinh khéi chop nén: = Chon dng cy Cone. - Chon khung nhin Top. - Ré cong cu tt adc cao tdi qua gée thép phdi, chu y chan vi trichinh giffa khung nhin Top, sao cho hinh tran day cita kndi xudt hién ca trén 4 khung nhin. Bubng chugt, = Khong bém chust, di chuyén con tré lén phia trén cde man hinh. Quan sat chiéu cao cla Khdl tao ra, nhdp chuat dé cham ditt chiéu cao cla khdi. - Khéng bém chuot, di chuyén con tra xudng phia dudi cu cdu dinh cla khdi tao ra, nhap chudt dé hoan tat kha! - Higu chinh kich thude: - Chan muc Modify trong bang lénh * * = Chon phan Parameter, nhap cdc tri sd Radius 1: ban kinn day khdi. Radius 2: ban kinh dinh khdi a man hinh, Quan sat hinh - Dat tén va chon mau. 6, Tae hinh khél edu hudng tam: Knéi cdu hutng tam tao bdi cdc mat la nhiing hin tam gide, - Chon eng cu GeoSphere = Chon khung nhin Top. - Re cong cu ti géc cao trai qué.géc thdp phdi, chu y chon wi ti chinh gida khung nin Top, seo cho khdi xudt miémtrén’ca 4 khung nhin. Buong chudt = Higu chinh kich thuGeve hinn dang: = Chon muciModify trong bang lenh. - Chgn phan Parameter, nhap cde tri 86: Radius: ban kinh khol cdu Segments: s6 cung tao nén vong tron cla khéi edu. $6 cung cdng nhiéu, khéi céu cang min dep. Geodesic Base Type: mal G0 mat phang (Tetra: 4 maveung, Octa: 6 mat! cung, cosa: 16 mat/cung) Go Enter ~ Dat tén wa chon mau 7. Tao hinh éng: = Ghon céng cu Tube ~ Chon khung nhin Top. Re cong oy tt gde cao trai qua gdc thap pha dé tao day tron cUa dng, chi ¥ chon vi {ti chinh gid khung nhin Top, sao cho hinh trén xugt hign trén ed 4 Khung nhin. Buéng chudt. - Khong bam chudt, ré cong cy mét chit vao phia trong dé tao véng tron day thi 2. Nhap chuét ~ Vain kheng bam chuét, ré céng cu lén phia trén man hinh dé 1a chiéu eao cho dng Nap chudt dé hoan tat viée ve dng. + Higu chinh kich thude: - Chon muc Modify trong bang lenh. - Chon phan Parameter, nhap cdc tri so: Radius 1: ban kinh ngodi cla dng. eee a eeB Radius 2: ban kinh trong cla ng Height: chiéu cao (dai) cla ng. Segments: sd daan tao nén chigu cao cla Gng. Sides: sd mat cla hinh ton. G6 Enter - Bat tén va chon mau cho dng. 8, Tao khéi hinh Kim ty thap: - Chon cdng cu Pyramid. - Shon khung shin Top. - Aé cdng ey ti gée cao trai qua gde thdp phai dé tao day hinh chd nhat cla khdi, chu ¥ chon vi tri chinh gida khung nhin Top, sao cho day xuat hign trén ca 4 khung nhin. Budng chudt. -Khéngbdm chuat, ré céng cu lén phia trén man hinh dé tao chidu cao cho khdi. Nndp chuet dé hodn tat vide ve Kim tu thap. - Higu chinh kich thudc: > Shon mu Modify trong bang lénh. - Chon phn Parameter, nhap cdc tr so: Width: chiéu ngang day Kim ty thdp (tryc x). Depth: chiéu dai day Kim ty thdp (truc ¥) Height: chigu cao Kim ty thdp (Iruc z) i‘ Widih/Depth/Height Segs: s6 doan tao nén cdc canh cla.Rim ty thap. - P41 tén va chon mau cho hinh Kim ty thap. 9, Tao hinh mat phang: = Ghgn cong cy Plane - Chon khung nhin Top. -Ré cing cu ti ge cao trai qua gde than phdi dé taomat phdng hinh chi nhat, chd y chon vi tri chinh gia khung nhin Top, sao cho hinh xtaShién tren ca 4 khung nhin. Buéng chudt. ~ Hiéu chinh kieh thude: - Chon muc Modify trong bang léoh. Chon phan Parameter, nhap cae tr] sd: Width: chiéu ngang hinh ehi nhat (true x), Length: chiéu daddy hinh chi nhat (true y). Length/Width! Seas: 86 doan tg0 nén cac canh cia hinh chG ahat Bat tén va chon maucho mat phang chi nhat 5.2 VAT THE CO,BANIMG RONG: Chon myc Extended primitive trong danh sdch loai vat thé, | (C6 12 loai vat thé od thé thy hign bang edc cdng cy cla SDmax; . {Khai nhigu mat (Hedra). Sau khi tao khdi,.cd thé chen hinh dang cho khéi trong phan Family 2. Khdi nop canh tron (Chamfer box) . Khéi dang bén chifa (Oil tank) 4. Khéi dang con vy (Spindle) §, Khéi lng tru vat canh doc (Gengon) 6. Hinh tron canh dang song (RingWave) 7. Wang xuyén xoan van (TorusKnol) 8. Khai ing try vat canh day (ChamferCy!) Khéi dang vién thude con nhéng (Gapsule) 10.Khéi dang chi L (L-ext) 41.ithéi dang chit G (C-ext) 42.Khéi [ding kénh (Prism)d4 Noi chung, vat thé co ban thit cép chi si’ dung trong cdc trudng hyp dac bit vi hinh dang cle nd ié thude vao cdc mau da cé san. Khi cin tao hinh phiéc tap, ta nen ding cdc phugng phap xt If tn 46] tugng [a vat thé co ban-so cap. PHAN THUC HANH BAITAP 4 Thuc hanh bai dudi day, adm co: - 1 mat ban: thyc hin bang khéi Box chidu dai 200, chiéu ngang 120, chiéu day 4. - 4 chan ban: thye hién bang khdi lang tu, 6 mat. = Khan trai ban: thyc hién bang mat phang Plane. - - Binh tra. = Khéikim ty thép. | - Ly uéng nude, gém 7 dng, 2 day, 1 hinh chép ndn. - Qua cam. :Bais TAO HINH PHANG (Shapes -Splines) Mot trong nhiing dc dim cla 3Dmax ta cd thé tao thanh nhiing vat thé 3 chiéu ty nhding hinh phang 2 chiéu bang nhiing phuong phdp dac trung (nhv Extrude, Lathe, Loft, Surface.) Hinh phang 2 chidu ¢6 thé ld mot hod nhiéu dai tuigng nhap ti cdc tp tin MMustratar, AutoCAD hoac CorelDraw. Hinh phang ciing cé thé tao ra b&ng cdc cdng cy riéng cba 3Dmax trong phan Shapes (cae eng cy tao hinh phang). 4. NHAP HINH PHANG TU GORELDRAW, ILLUSTRATOR VA AUTOCAD: = Menu File - Import. Tiong phn Files of type eda hop thoal Select file to import, chgn Adobe Iilustrator (Al), hode AutoCAD (DXF, OWG) -Hinh ohang tit CorelDraw phai duge xual (Export) thanh méttdp tin Al (Adobe illustratar) va nhap vao SO max nhu trén. = 06 thd nhap tap tin nhigu chi tit vdi ty chon Single Cject (méi chi tit la 1 doi tugng) node Multiple Cbjects (toan bé cde chi tit la 1 doi tuang). -Nhap them mat hoae nhigu chi tit them vao ban vé dang thyc hien: chon "Merge objects wiih curent scene. = Nhap mot hode nhiéu chi tiét thay thé ban vé dang thyc hién: chon “Completely replace current scene”. Hinh phang nhap bang lénh Import ludn luan xual hign trén mat la! nén cia khung nhin Top 2, THUC HIEN HINH PHANG BANG CAC CONG CU) CUA SDMAX: Trong bang lénh, chon muc Create. Trong phan loai déi tuong, chon, phan Shapes, Trong danh s4ch,céc, loai bin phang, chgn Splines. 2.1 CONG CU LINES Gong cu Line ding dé tao cde dudng ve bat ky bang cach bam hode ré én cdc didm nut tao nén duting vé. Cach st dyng tong tu nhu but Bézier cla chudng trinh CorelDraw ho&e cong cu Pen. cla Phofoshop va Illustrator. Cae diém nut én dudng vé goi la Vertex (Ginn). Chon cong cu Line. R@ cudn bang lénh lén phia trén, chon mye Initial Type: i | pusng ve ha (wen) a kis (ea tao bo? eng ey Line 44 Néu chon Comer: bam lién tue tai cde dinh va tao ra cdc doan thang ndi dung ve thanh 1 dudng lién tye. Mdidinh la 1 gd¢ nhgn. 4+ Nu chon Smooth: ede doan néi cde dinh 1A nhting doan cong. Tai mai dinh la 1 gdc cong min. --bé chdm ditt duding vé hd: nhap chuat phai sau khi tao xong dinh cudi cing. - Dé déno duting vé kin: Tao dinh cudi cling chéng lén dinh dau tién cla dudng ve — Xudt hin hap thoai Spline - Chon "Yes" trong cau hoi Giose spline 2.2 CONG Cl! CIRCLE: COng cu Circle diing dé tao ra cac vang tron v6i 4 sinh 2.3 CONG CU ARC: Céng cy Arc ding dé tao ra cdc cung tron hd. - Bam céng cy trén diém dau cla cung, @ cdng cy dén diém cudi, buong chut - Khang bam chuét, di chuyén cong cu theo huéng thang géc vdi doan ndi,2 au'cung. Nhap chudt dé ho&n tat duéng va. -wl 2.4 CONG CU NGON: ot Céng cu NGon (Polygones) ding dé tao hinh da gide Idi, - Ghon cong cu. ani* - Trong bang lénh, chon phén Parameter, khal bé® Sides = sé canh cla da giao. - Ré cong cu dé tao hinh da gidc 4 2.5 CONG CU TEXT: % Cong cu Text ding dé tao cdc ding ent. ~ Chon cing cu NY = Trong bang lénh, chon phan Parameter. = Ghon fant chit (mae dinh la Arial). - Chon cach vidt (Bold, Italic) va e4ch canh 16 néu chit cd nhiéu ding. i - Chon Size (cd chit), Kering (khoang ha gitfa méi ky ty) va Leading (khodng hd gida mdi dng chi) - Trang 6 Text, xo4 dang ch MAX Text va 93 vao dé dong chit muén cd. + Sau khi khai bdo xong cdc muc trén, bam eéng cy vao khung nhin noi cén dat chi: dong chit xual nién. 2.6 CONG CU RECTANGLE: - Cong cy Flectangle ding dé tao ra edo hinh chit nhat vdi 4 din. - 8 taa hinh yudng, bam va git’ phim CTRL trong khi v.2.7 CONG Cl ELLIPSE: — Cong eu Ellipse ding dé tao ra cdc hinh Ellip vai 4 dinh. - Bé tao hinh tron, bém va gilt phim CTAL trong khi vé. 2.8 CONG Cl DONUT: Céng cu Donut ding d tao ra cdc hinh Vanh khan vdi 8 din. -Ré cdng cy dé tga vién tron thi 1 - Bung chudt, = Khdng bam chudt, di chuyén céng cy ra ngodi hodc vae trong dé tao vien tron thi 2. Nhap cong cy dé hoan thanh hinh vé. - Higu chinh kich thude bang cach nhgp tt] sé vao cdc 6 Radius 1 va Radius 2 trang muc Parameters cla bang Modily. 2.9 CONG CY) STAR: Cong cu Star dung 48 tao ra cdc hinh ngdi sao. - Chon. phan Parameter, Khai bao sd canh sao trong 6 Points. - Bam va ré cong cy tl tam cla hinh sao ra ngoai. Buang chudt dé xde. in au olla cdc cdnh sao ~Khong bam chust, di chuygin’céng cy vao phia trong dé xde din cx! rage ‘Gm cud hinh sao, Nhap chuot dé hon tat hinh ve. 2.10 CONG CU HELIX: i Cong cu Helix ding dé tao ra cde dutng xoin de vol nhau. - Re ong cu tr tam olla hinh xoan ranged SBusng chuot dé xac dinh duing vign | ddu cba dudng xOan. c = Khong bam chust, ai chuyén Bong oy én phia trén dé xc dinh chiéu cag cla hinh xoén. Nhap chuot dé xe dinh chiéd - Khong odm chuatgdt Chuyén céng cu vaa tong hode 1a ngodi dé xde dinh duéng vién déu thi 2 cia duding xoan. Nhdp chudt dé hoan thanh duéng vé. - Chon phan Parameters — Khai bao cdc tri 56: - Radius 1:ban kinh dau 1. * - Radius 2; ban kinh dau 2. - Height: chiéu cao véng xoan. - Turns: sé vong ca vong xoan - Bias: dé léch (vé mot dAu) cla vdng xoan. - CW: xodn theo chiéu kim déng ha. - CCW: xodn ngude chigu kim déng hd ‘Siu dung xodn cd ban kinh khac 3. HIEU CHINH GAG HINH PHANG: 7 - Chon hinh phang — Md bang Modify - B&m iénh Edit Spline, = Di chuyén cao cinh: | - Chon céng cy di chuyén trong bang Main Toolbar. Bi - Bam chon alt lénh Sub-Object va chon Vertex trong danh sach bén canh (danh sach bom 3 myc Vertex: higu chinh cdo dinh —- Segment: higu chinh cdc doan — Spline; higu chinh toan bo duding ve) ~ Bam chon dinh can di chuyén va 1é di. Ainh phang dude tao bang CorelDraw hoac Mustrator nhdp vao SDMax bang phuong phap Import thi cae aut trén hinh vé sé trd thanh cdc dinh trang 3DMax. - Ghuyén 1 dinh nhon thanh dinh min: - Chon cdng cu di chuyén trong bang Main Toolbar. - B&m chon not lénh Sub-Object va chon Vertex trong danh sach ben canh ‘nh can chuyén.Chgn Bezier. ~ Chinh cita cdc tip tuyén tao nén goo, ~Chuyén 1 dink min thanh dinh nhon: - Chon cang cu di chuyén trang bang Main Toolbar. - Bém chon nut Iénh Sub-Object va chon Vertex trang danh sach bén canh - Nhap chuét phal lén dinh c&n chuyén. Xuat hién 2 tiép tuyén + Git phim Shift va di chuyén 2 tiép tuyén d8 tao dinh nhon. - Chuyén 1 doan thang thanh cong: - Chon céng cy di chuygn trong bang Main Toolbar. - Bam chgn nut lénh Sub-Object va chon Segment trong danh sach ben canh - Nhap chudt phai lén doan edn chuydn. - Chon Curves. - Thém mét dinh [én hinh phang: = Chon céng cu di chuyén trong bang Main Toolbar, : - Bam chon niit lénh Sub-Object va chon Vertex trong danh sach ben canh - Nhdp chudt phai lén hinh phang can thém din a ~ Chan Insert. - Nhap cong cy lén vj tri cdn thém dinh — Nhich mot chit doc thea dung vE — Nhép chudt trai thém [an nifa — Nh&o chudt phai dé chdim dat - Xoa bat 1 dinh: - Chon cong cy ci chuyén tang bang Main Toolbar. - Bam chon nut lenh Sub-Object va chon Veriex trong danh sach bén canh - Bdm chon dinh c&n xo4 — Bam phim Delete. . + Lign két nhiéu hinh phang: ~ Mai ldn Vé ta chi cd thé tao ra mot doi tugng. Ta ob thé lién két nhiéu Gi tugng thanh 1 di tugng (tudng te Gombige wong Corel Draw ho&c Compound Path/Make trong Illustrator) wiw.dohnoavn.netctyaleu _ 7 Cun bang xuéng phia dud - Chon lénh Atiach. - Bam cong cu lén doi tugng lien kat. = Khod chon 1 dinh: = Chon dinh cdin thuc hién chinh sta, - Ging nhy cae adi tuang, cae dinh cing edn dupe khoa 48 vide higu chinh duge dé dang hon . — Bam nut knod dudi ding trang thai (ludng ty nhu khod chon déi tena). - Lenh Chamter: = Lénh Chamfer bign 1 dinh nhon thanh 4 dinh vat canh = Nhap chudt phai trén dinh - Chen Chamfer. = Bal céng cy Ghamfer Ién dinh can chinh, 6 1 doan ngan. Dinh sé tach lam 2, ni wor nhau bang 1 doan thang ngan f - Lénh Fillet: ~Lénh Fillet bién 1 dinh nhon thanh 1 dink cong min. - Nhdp chuot phai trén dinh - Chon Fillet. - Dat céng cu Fillet lén dinh can chinh, ré 1 doan ngan. Binh sé tach lam 2, ndi vai nhal bang-1 doan cong ngan.ey Bais TAO VAT THE TU HINH PHANG Trong bai tube ta G4 hoc cach tao cde hinh phang bang cde cng cu cla 3Dmax. di nhiing hinh qua phifc tap, o6 thé vé ching nude béing cdc chudng trinh dé hoa 2 chiéu Ahir CorelDraw, Illustrator, AutoCAD va nhap ching vao SDmax. Trong bai nay ta sé tim higu cde phudng phdp cla 3Dmax dé “dung” cdc hinh phang tt 2 chiéu thanh vat thé 3 chiéu. 4, PHUGNG PHAP EXTRUDE - BO KHOI: Phuong, phap Extrude ding cho cdc hinh phng kin 2 chidu (cht nhal, ellip..j, laa cho ba mat ‘cla hinh phding mot d§ day theo chigu tha 3. - Chon hinh phang. - Chon bang Modify - Chon lénh Extrude, -Trong phan Parameters bén dudi, nhap uy sb: . - Amount = chiéu day khdi (dan vi chiéu day dude dinh khi khai bdo Preferences} - Segments = s6 dan tao thanh chiéu day khdi. ~ Cap start vA Cap end: nap trén va ndp dudi cla khdi. 2, PHUONG PHAP LATHE — TIEN TRON: Phuting phan Lathe tao thénh khdi 3 chidu tt hinh phang (kin hoac hd) bang cach quay tron hinh phang quanh 4 trong 3 truc x, y haae z: = Chon hinh phang, * - Bang Modify - Chon lénh Lathe. - Chon huding quay: Direction = 1 trong Struc X,Y hode Z. * - Chon tam quay: = Min: diém ngoai cling ben trai hae bén dudi hinh phang. - Center: tam diém cla hinh phang. - Max: diém ngoai cong bén phai hoe bn tran hinh phang. - Degrees: khi mudn tao mot vat thé khéng hoan toan tron (vi du mét hinh khuyét), ta cd thé dn dinh gée nh han 360 46. Trong trudng hop nay, cn phal x4edinh2 “nip’ cua hin mditaora bang2tuy chon Cap start va Cap end. . r a Bs 3, PHUONG PHAP LOFT - TRUQT DOC HINH PHANG THEO MOT DUONG DAN: Phugng phap nay yéu cdu sa 2 hinh: - Mat hinh IA mat eat oda vat thé sp tao ra. Hinh nay 1a 1 hinh phang j - MOt hinh dong vai tr mot duding dan. Trong hinh bén, ta tao ra mot hinh dng cad) Su lang quangtt mét ellip va 1 dudng cd hinh) dang bat ky. a - Mat ct trong hinh nay4& mét Ellp. Dutng) eke ata ay og 2. ya 4 8 ig 3 chidu, + Chon hinh Ellip. + Chon mye Create trong bang lénh. - Chon phan Geometry —Trong danh sach, chon loal Compound Objects (vat thé phic’ tap) -Chon k - Gudn bang lénh xuéng phia dydi - Chon lénh Get Path, - Chi mii tén vao dudng dén (Cha y: dau mili tan chuy8n thanh hini.d&u thap) -Nhdp chudt dé tao. ra vat thé cé hinh éng. Khdi Loft co thé hiéu chinh thanh wat thé od hinh dang bat ky bang cach chén thém nhiéu mat cat khdc, hiéu chinh dO co gian, xoay cdc mat cat, chinh kich thude cic mat oat., s@ dé cap dén 6 cdc bai sau,al Baid HIfU CHINH VA BIEN DOT VAT THE 8 CHIEU 1, BANG LENH MODIFY: Bang lénh Modify tap trung cdc phép hiéu chinh cho phep ta sia chifa hinh dang cho vat thé 1.4 Higu chinh uén cong (Bend) - Chon vatthé cdn uén cong va chon lénh Bend trong bang Modify. -Nhap tr) s6 Angle = dé cong (géc tao nén bd) 2 mat 2 dau cla vat the sau khi uén cang). = Chon truc hung cong Bend Axis: X,Y, Z._- - Direction = xoay mat phang cé chia vat thé cong: He Sl Bend Taper | Tet Nose fi | = a : OawMep | EdiPaich | HMeshSelect | calcoms || Ie i 2h Dive ‘ nH Nye cong Mee congst.. = Chui yi: dé cd do cong dep, sO phan dogn cia vat ihé theo truc cong edn phai kha Ign (trén 7), néu khéng vat thé sé bj gay khue. 4.2 Higu chinh xoan van (Twist) Chon vat thé can xoan va chon lénh Twist trong bang Modily. -Nhap ti sé Angle = da xoan (géc tgo nén bdi 2 mat cla déi tugng sau khi xoan). - Chon truc xoan Twist Axis:.X, ¥, Z. - Bias = d6 l@ch xan (vé mot dau ca vat thé). Moy 12: wer tnd edz (meéi S™ Anel id tor) auge Fodn 200 Ineo rye 2 Dé od do xodn dep, vat thé cdn cd 86 phan doan (segment) theo chiéu truc xaan lon hon 76. 1.3 Higu chinh vust (Taper) Phép hidu chinn yudtlam cho hinh dang yat tha thay déi ting hoa gidm kich thude: dan doc thea mattrong Struc X, ¥ hoae Z cla vat thé do. - Chon vat thé cdn wuét va chon lénh Taper trong bang Modily. = Nap tri s6 Amount = d6 tang gidm kich thude:a * Mast Oe ee ee ad Amount <5 vi + - $6 dudng = thay ddi tang. = - $6 ame thay doi giam). _ - Nhap tri sé Curves = d6 cong cla true theo hiéu tng vuét, - Chon truc vudt Taper Axis Primary: yee “Hat wget thé age wot va ds cong Curves 05 (et vd +08 dott, - Taper Axis Effect: chon 1 try tng gm cap 2 (hinn) www.dohoav Ha vit ind war £6 wud Amounle-t Curves 25 ira} wat (nhl Tye efp 21 Muc Modifiers Stack: Muc Modifiers Stack trong bang Modify la ndi ghinhan vic thye hign mét wat thé va cdc phép higu chinh da ap dung tren vat thé do. penser RESET Khi edn sila Gdimotphép igu chinh, ta. ma Modifiers Stack, chon phép hiéu chinh, khai bao lai cdc thngsé trong muc Parameters ban dudi, pé hiy mét phép higu chinh, chon né trong Modifiers Stack va bam Re- move Modifier Fram The Stack. hk Paseretets a |B 2. HIEU CHINH DI GHUYEN - QUAY - THAY Ol KICH THUGG GHINH XAC BANG GONG cy TYPE IN: 2.1 Di chuyén vi tri chinh xdc: Khi cdn di chuyén mot vat thé mét khaang cach chinh xac, ta thyc hién nhu sau, = Ghon vat thé - Chon Gong cy di chuyén - Bm chust phai vio céng cy di chuyén. - Nhap khodng cach di chuyén theo cdc tryc X, Y, Z vao phan Offset: Screen - Enter. Ghd y: sé dong - di chuyén qua phai va lén 86 4m - qua trAi wa xuéng 244 Quay mét goo chinh xac: Khicdn quay val thé mét géc chinh xdc, ta thyc hién nh sau; ~ Chon vat thé - Chon Cong cy Quay - Bam chudt phai vao céng cu Quay. -Nhap tr) s6 ge quay theo ede true X, Y, Zvao phan Offset; Screan - Enter. Ghiy: sé dueng- quay nage chiéu kim déng hd. sé 4m - quay theo chiéu kim déng hd. 24 Higu chinh kich thude chinh xc: Khiean chinh kich thude vat thé mét céch chinh xdc, ta co thé nhap tii sé sau khi tao vat thé bangredc thong sé Length, Width va Height rong bang Modify. Hop theat Type In trong truding hgp nay gidp chinh kich thude theo do thay dGi phdn tram, thuc hién nhu sau; = Chon wat thé - Chont trong cde CAng cy kich thutée - Bam chudt phdi vao cong cy kich thudc = Nhap dé thay dai (phan tram) theo cdc true X, Y, Z vao phén Olfset: Screen - Enter. Chay: 6 dung - ting kich thude. 30 am- giam kich thude.24 . Bale HIEU CHIN HINH DANG VAT THE 8 CHIEU (Tiép theo) 1, PHEP NGHIENG (SKEW) + Chon vat thé cdn nahiéng.. = Mé bang Modify - Chon lénh More = Trong danh s&ch Maditiers, chon Skew - Gu6n bang lénh ién - Chon phan Parameters va khai bdo cde thong 86: Angle: 66 nghiéng cla vat thé. i Direction: xoay huéng nghiéng quanh truc Z... Skew Axis: on cong vat thd (mot trong 3 true X, ¥ hodic 2) u Se hit hgp nghidng 4% theo tye = vd xeey hudag nghitag 45° 2, PHEP BIEN DANG UON EO (NOISE) =Chon vat thé. - Md bang Modify — Chon lénh Noise ~ Qubn bang lenh len— Ghpniphan Param- eters va khai bdo cag hone-s0. Seedis6\Gi8m gay bién dang. _ # Seale: euting d6 bién dang. . Fractal: bién dang gay khic theo cdc phan Goan Strength (X, ¥, Z): do bién dang thea,cae ttuc x, ¥ va Z. Ghd ¥; Phep bién dang udn go 6) the dién hoal thanh mot doan hoat Cant, - Animate noise: clef heat bién dang. - Frequengyatéc dé'udn éo. ido ogng udn éa mdl KHST hép Theo chit 2 wai 36 pha dapn cla infleanh is Tad npn ldu Fractal 3, HIEU CHINH BE MAT VAT THE DANG MO HINH LUGI Ta cd thé higu chinh ba mat cla 1 vat thé thanh hinh dang bat ky sau khi chuyén doi vat thé thanh 1 md hinh lwéi (Editable Mesh). Khi vat thé duge chuyén ééi, né tré thainh mot khung ludi vedi cde mat di (dInh — vertex), cdc doar (edge), cdc mat nhd (face).._md ta 06 thé di chuyén ve hiéu chinh. ~ Chon vat thé. - Nhap chudt phai. Chon Convert to Editable Mesh - Bang Madily, chon Sub-Object (cdc higu chinh cap 2). Phép higy_ chinh cap 2 Sub-Ouject cho phép ta higu chinh dén cde dinh va cdc dost tao thanh mé hinh |udi eta vat thé. ~ Chon Vertex - Ghon dinh oan higu chinh - Di chuyén cdc dinh bang céng cu di chuyén, uli - Chon Edge — Chon cdc canh va hiéu chinh fat chins 2 ih dl enBl hd ea TT- Chon Face — Chen mat cd higu chinh. Khithanh phan nao duge chon, nd 38 sang |én mau dd. Ta cé thé khod lai (lénh Lock) dé dé thao tac. 4. CAC PHEP xl LY VA BIEN BGI: 444 Nhan ba - Bam va git’ phim SHIFT: ~ Chon vat thé bang 1 wong cde céng ey chon. Xudt hién hp thoai Clone Optians. - Chon 1 trong 3 cach nhan ban: i. Copy: ban mdi va ban gc la 2 wat thé doc lap. ii. Instance: ban mdi [é thuéc va bién déi theo ban géc. iii. Reference: ban g6c lé thudc va bién ddi theo ban mdi - Copies: s6 ban edn nhan 1a. -OK. - Vat thé mdi tae ra chéng khit lén vat thé géc. 42 Gidng hang. 5 - Phép ging hang cé thé thye hign tren hai déi tugng: mBt vat thé céin gidng hang (current) va mél val thé am chudn (target). = Chon val thé cdn gidng hang. -Lénh thi 23 trén Main Toolbar (Align). - Bua cong cu dén vat thé lam chudn. Gang eu chuyén thanh dang { dau thap. Bam lén vat thé lam chuan. Xuat hién hép theai Align Selection. ~ Chon truo gidng hang X, ¥, Z (thy thude vao khung nhin dang lam viéc) = Trong phan Current @bjectychon canh can giéng hang (ea vat thé san gidng hang): Vining ganirdéy hoseicath trai. Canter tam ua vatthé camgiong hang Pivot point: tam quay (sé dé cap dén 6 mat bal sau). - Maximum: eanh dinh hode canh phai. - Trong phan Target Object chan canh dé giong hang cua vat thé lam chuan. - OK. Ta thay vai cach gidng hang ola SDmax, eanh nay aba vat thé od thé gidng thang hang voi mét canh khac cla vat thé lam chudn. 4.3 Phan bé vat the. Phép phan bd cla SOmax cd ede dae diém: {TU mOt vat thé nhan ban va phan bd thanh mét duting thang theo ede tryo X, ¥ va Z. 2. Phan bé thAnh 4 wang tron quanh 1 tam ty chgn (Pivot point). 4, G6 thé két hp cd 2 cach phan bé nay. 4.3.4 Phan bé theo duéng thang: + = Tag t vatthé, = Lénh thi 22 trén Main Toolbar (Array). = Trong phan Incremental chon true phan bé (X, Y, Z) va hang Move. - Mhap khoding cach gilla mdi vat thé vao 6 tuong ting. - SO lugng val thé can tao ra: nhap tri sé vao 6 Count/iD. - OK _ 4.3.2 Phan bo theo duting tron: - Chon vat the - Xde dinh tam quay Pivat paint: Chon bang lénh Hierarchy (én) Chon phan Fivot - Lénh Affect Pivot Only. Xudt hign tam quay tif chon (Pivot paint). ~Dung cdng cu di chuyén, dua tam quay Pivot dén diém chon. Ohd yam quay Pivat paint co thd xem nhu la mét déi tugng wa cd thé giéagshang.vdi2h . _. ede vat thé khac bing Iénh Align (lu dé Current Onject sé [2 Pivot point). - Tat Iénh Affect Pivat Only. Lenh Array (lénh 22 tren Main Toolbar). Trong phan Incremental chon truc quay (X,Y, 2) va hang Rotation, Nhap tri sé géc quay vo 4 tugng Ung $6 lugng val thé can tgo ra: nhgp tr sé va 6 CountiD. “OK 4.4 Lat dal xing: - Chon vat thé. - Lenh thi 21 én Main Toolbar (Mirror selected abject). Xuat hien hop thoal Mirror. - Mirror Axis: chon tric déi xting. - Offset: khedng céch gill vat thé abc va vat thé tat déi xding, + Mirror selection: fe No clone: vat thé duge lat déi xing (khong nhan ban). - Copy: nhan ban vat thé. Ban goe ditng yén, ban mdi lat doi xuing. - OFK. 5, HIGU CHINH KHG! LOFT: Trong bai truge ching ta da hoc cach tao ta mot vat tné Lott bang cach trugt mét mat cat (Shape) doc theo mot dudng dan (Path). Gé 2 phuong php dé hiéu chinh khdi Lott: 1. Higu chinh truc tit trén hinh thé khdi Left bang lénh Deformation. 2 Higu chinh gign tiép bang cach chén them cac mat phy. 54 Phuong phap mation: “ik agnoavn.n - tvc - Bang nh Madify — Chon lénh Deformation dudi cua ee - Chon Seale. Xuat hign hop thoal Scale Deformation. | - (ann) - Budng thang mau dd bigu thi cho linh trang ban dau clia Khoi Loft. 3 - Them mét sé dinh lén dudng biéu thi: Chon lénh In- Céng ey di chuyén —_Géng ey thém nit ng Cott Fyo 03 bin iz3m (Shop)diém gay ra. bién dang cho khdi Loft. = Hidu chinh cae diém gay bién dang: Chon céng cu di chuyén ela hop thoai, bam phai len cae diém va chan Bezier-comer. Chinh cdc tiép tuyén. Di ehuyén cac diém. ~§u bign dang etia dutng biéu dién sé gay bién dang tudng Ung doc theo canh cla khoi Loft. §.1 Phudng phap chen them mt phy: A Phuong phap Lofttao ra bdi 1 mat Shape trugt doc theo duding Path. Sau khi tao ra kh Loft, vjtrl tong ddi cia mat Shape dugc dat tai vj tri du cla dudng Path (vj tri 0%). Jaca thé chén yao cde vi ti khde doc theo dugng Path nhiing mat cat khdc va tag ra nhigu hinh dang khac cho khdl Lait. Céc mat duge chén them ca tha higu chinh riéng ré dé hinh dang khéi Loft duge phong phd hon. 5.1.4 Chen thém mat phy: = Mat phy cing phdi [A md! hinh phang tudna ty nhu mat Shape chinh va duge tao trén cling khung nhin vai mat chinh. - Chon khdi Loft. - Bang Modily - Chon phan Parameters — Banh dau chon vao 6 On — Chon Percentage. + Mae dinh khoang cach tii dau khdi Loft d&n vj tricdn chén tham mat phy. Vitr 0 la dau khdi Lott (mat Shape chinh}, vj tri 100 IA cudi Khdi Loft. Nhap tri sé vao } Path, - Lanh Get Shape (bén trén). - Bm cong cy (da chuyén thanh dau thap) lén mat phy can chénahem. - thoi Loft bay gid tré thanh mét hinh thé chuyén dan ti’ mat.Shape chinh qua mat phu. Co thé chén nhigu mat phy vao cling mot khdl Loft voi cae tr sd Path khac nhau. *5.4.2Higu chinh cac mat phy: - Bang Modify - Chon Sub-Ob- ject | Shape. - Ra cing cu (khang bam chudt) . doc theo khdi Loft. Tai cde vj tri co mat chén thém, cOng cy sé 06 dang dau thap. Bam chon nai cé mat phy cén higu chinh, Khoa chon. - Duing cdc cing ey di chuyén, { quay, kich thude dé hiéu chinh edo mat + vatao ra kigu dang mdi che khdi Loft int Lom vol@SHR # dope théog, mg! edt chich I hinh Wig Hel cde of to va 3 mit dren die chin va ff 0 $Baiz TAO CAC VAT THE PHUC TAP G6 thé tao ra vat thé phic tap trang 3Dmax bang 3 phudng phap: - Dung cdc céng cy tao val thé phic tap dang “vat thé co ban md rong’ (Extended primitive objacts), Loai vat thé nay wy 6 ninh dang phic tap hdn cae loai da hee, nhung tuu trung lat cling chi fa nhiing vat thé cd ban, tie 1A nhiing vat the tao ra b&ng mat cing cu cd sin voi val thao tée don gidin. © - Xi ly han ndi, c&txén, tao phéin giao dé tao vat thé od hinh dang phifc tap ti nhuing vatthé don gin 66 san : : : ~ Higu chinh bé mat eae vat thé cé sAn. 1. VAT THE CO BAN MG RONG: Chon 4 trang 2 cach sau day: - Bang TAB Objects. Bing TAB Objects cung cp 29 loai vat thé.10 loai vat thé dau la nhitng vat thé co ban don gién Ga hoc, 19 loai cén laild nhling cdng cu tac vat thé co ban ma fong va mot s6 loai vat thé khde. - Bang lénh Create, loai vat thé Geometry, chon treng danh sach lal Extended Primitives Objects 4.4 Céng cy Hedra: Tao hinh khéi cd nhiéu mat doi xting. Trong phan Family, chon: - Tetra: khGi 4 mat déi xting (tao thanh & mat) - Cube/Octa: khdi 8 mat dai xiing (tao thanh 16 mat)41.2 Gong cy ChamferBox: Tao hinh khGi hOp vat canh hod canh tron min. - Tao kh6l voi 3 thao tdc: tao mat ddy tren Khung Top, dung chidu cao, tao do vat canh. Mai thao tic cham dit bang mot lan bam chuat. - Khai bao kich thude trong phan Parameters. Chu f phan Fillet (G0 vat canh) va Fillet segs (86 phan doan clia phan vat can). Néu tr) sé fillel segs cao, sé cé canh trén min. 1.3 Céng cu OilTank: fs Tao hinh khdi ty e6 2 ndp (ddu) tron, nhin tya nhu mot bén chia nhien ligu. = Tao khdi véi 3 thao t4o: tao mat day trén khung Top, dung chiéu cao, tao nap tron, - Khai bdo kich thudc trong phan Parameters. Chu j phan Cap height (8 cao phan nap tron) va Blend (dd cong cla nap). eau 4.4 Cong cy Spindle: Tao hinh khdi con thoi, con vy. - Tao knoi vdi 3 thao tae: tao mat déy trén khung Top, dung chidu eae (ké ca phin mii nhon), tao dO cao riéng ea phan mui nhon. ~ Khai bao kich thudc trong phan Parameters. Chu y phdn Cap height == (d6 cao cia mili nhon. '‘Www,dohoavn.net - tydieu ang cy nei Tao hinh khdi try véi thidt dign 1a mat da gige khéng déu. Ha gide khong déu tao bai cdc canh cla mot da gide déu va phan vat canh (fillet) gitla cdc canh dé. ~ Tao khdi va1 9 thao tac: tgo mat day én knung Top, dung chiéu cad, tg0 dé vat gia cdc canh. - Khai bdo kich thudc trong phan Parameters, Ghd ¥ phéin Fillet (do | vat canh) va Fillet seas (s& phan doan cia phan vat canh). Néu tr) sd fillet segs cao, phan vat canh $8 tro nén tron min. 4.6 Céng cy RingWave: s Jao hinh khéi ty réng vai phéin rng bén trong ¢6 dang dgn song. ~ Tao hinh tran cd rugt rong dn song. ~ hal béo kich thude trang phan Parameters. Cha y phan ht’ tao dé day (6 cao) cho know 4.7 Céng cy Toruskn y = Tao hinh khéi vang xoan van that nt, - Tao khdi vdi 2 thao tac: lao khél xodn, dinh do day vong xodn, - Khai bao kich thuéc trong phan Parameters. Chu ¥ phan P va Q: : =P: cach bo tri nuit xoan. - Q:s6 niit xodn tao ra, sae Aon: knst wong xodin vst Fad vd ak 4.8 Cang cy ChamferCyl: Tao hinh khél try vat canh hogc canh tron min 2 dau (oan gidng nhu GilTank 6 phan trén},wW oar = Tao khéi vai 6 thao tde: tao mat day tren khung Top, dyng chiéu cag, tao do vat canh - Khai bao kich thuge trong phén Parameters. Chi phan Fillet (06 vat canh) va Fillet segs (s6 phan doan cla phan vat-cannh), Néu tri s6 fillet segs cao, sé cd canh tron min. | 4.9 Céng cu Capsule: i Tao hinh khdl con nhong Tao khdi vdi 2 thao tao: tao 2 nap ton cho 2 daucila khdi, dung chiéu cao. - Khai bao kich thuée tong phan Parameters. 4.40 Céng cu L-Ext: s Tao hinh khéi gée vudng hinh chit L o 7 144 Cong cy C-Ext: Tao hinh kndi 2 gde vudng hinh chi C 1.12 Cong cy Prism: Tao hinh khdi [ing kinh www.do 2, HAN NOL~ CAT XEN -TAO PHAN GIAO: 2.1 Han néi 2 vat thé: _ > Chon t trong 2 vat thé giao nhau edn han nél, = Bang lénh Create — Loai vat thé Geometry — Trang danh s&ch chon Compound Objects (vat thé phic tap). \ ~ Lénh Boolean. ~ Cugn bang lén - Lénh Union. ~ Lénh Pick Operand B - Baim vao vat thé thu 2,31 2.2 Cat 2 vat tha: = Chon 1 trong 2 vat thé giao nhav. - Bang lénh Create — Loai vat thé Geometry —Trong danh sach chon Compound (vat ihé phite tap). - Lénh Boolean. ~ Guan bang lén — Lénh Subtraction (B-A). -Lénh Pick Operand B — Bam vao vat the thi 2. = Wat thé chon trudc cat vat thé chon sau. jecis Vat tha cl we mhd B tae nde vl thd © 2.3 Tao phan giao cla 2 vat th - Chon 4 trong 2 vat thé giao nhau. 5 - Bang lénh Greate — Loai vat thé Geometry — Trong danh sach chon Compound Objects (vat thé phiie tap). : - + Lénh Boolean. - Cudn bang lén — Lénh Intersection. - Lénh Pick Operand 8 — Bam vao vat the thy 2. HST 3. HIEU CHINH BE MAT( VAT THE: Dé tao mat vat thé cd hinh dang,batlkyy fed thé lam bién déibé mat cia ching. Nhu da noi ¢ bai 1, vat thé duge tao ra bang cach dung mat khung luéi va phil mét loai vat ligu ido d6 Jan bé.mat, ela knung [udi nay. Tren kh cd cc dinh (vertex), doan (edge), mat (face), tm (patch, tao bdi nhiéu mat lien tiép ky vao nhau).. Bay [a nhiing phan ti ma ta cd thé hiéu chinh d8 tao nén mot hinh dang khdc cho bé mat ella vat thé Thue hién nhy'sau: - Chon vat thé, bam chudt phai. Ghan lénh Convert to Editable Mesh: vat thé duge chuyga thanh dang khung ludi ed thé higu chinh dug. - Bang lénh Modify — Chon Idnh Sub-Objents. Chon tiép thanh phan cla vat thé can higu chinh: - Vertex: higu chinh cc dinh. - Edge: niéu chinh cdc doan (canh cla cde mat) - Face: hiéu chinh cdc mal. - Polygon: higu chinh cc mat da giée. - Element: hiéu chinh eae phan cia 1 vat thé phic tap. - Chon dinh, canh, mat_ trén vat thé. Thanh phan duge chan sé ndilén mau 06 — Khod chon. - Dung cong cu di chuyén, quay, z = kih thude_ nigu chinh thanh phan hp Extrude, erge niga ena ve mt2 . chon dé tao sy bién adi tren bé mat cba vat thé. Ngodi ra, ¢6 thé ding cdo [enh trong phan Edit Geometry, bang lénh Modily: ~ Create: tao thém 1 dinh hoac 1 doan mdi. = Delete: x04 bét 1 sd dinh hose daan. Khi cdc dinh ha&e doan bj xod bé mat cla vat thé cing bj hoy mat - Detach: tach phan vat thé chon bdi cae dinh hac doan thanh mét vat thé khac ; Attach: nguge lai véi Detach, lénh Attach lién két cdc nhém dinh cda 2 vat thé va-tao ra 1 vat thé duy nha. - Chamier: Lam tran mét dinh nhon (nhdp ty sO 46 tan va Enter). ~ Extrude: Tao khdi bang cach dun (ép, day) mot mat theo phusng thang géc_ Phép Extrude trong trudng hep nay sé taa ra motkhdi va mot mat mal. ee sh otitis 5 ae ‘Mayday &8 chat lao bel aft él bos, Extrude 24s m6i (lace vi lgo ehtan wien tna, yw ese mal el.3 Baie A ae se TAO VAT THE BANG MO HINH LUGI Tiong thifs 16 nguéli ta thuting pha tgo cdc loal vat thé c6 hinh dang bat thudng, vi du chiée 14, eAnh hoa, mat na_ Véi ohiing loai vat thé nay, cdc phudng php lao vat thé co ban va higu chinh thing khong cho két qua nhuy muda, Tiong bai nay ta sé tim hiéu phyong phap tao vat thé bang ma hinh Wwsi. Phuong phép nay cho phép ta tao ra tat ca cdc loai vat thé ma ta co thé tudng tugng ra dude. 4. MO HINH LUGI LA Gi: Nhu tad bidt, dé tao 1 vat thé, 3Dmax dung 1 hé théng cdc dinh (vertex) ed thé xde dinh vi trl trong khong gian 3 chiéu. Néi cdc dinh nay lal voi nhau ta s6 c6 1 khung ludi (Wireframe) yadDmax tao mot bé mal (Surface) trén khung ludi nay dé taa nén vat thé. Trong trudng hop nay, vat thé sé cd bé mat ing dep (Smooth —Highlight). Ta cd thé chuyén déi gida 2 trang thai khung ludi va bé mat lng dep cho 1 khung nhin wang phim F3. Nguyén tac nay cd thé ap dyng cho viée tao cde vat thé cd hinh dang bat thudng, dic biét. Mé hinh [udi trong trudng hop nay 88 dude tao bang cac dudng Line theo hinh dang dinh tudc, nai két voi nhau, tao bé mat vA pho mét loai chat liéu (material) thich hgp. Khi phd bé mat cho mé hinh, mét khung ludi dang Wireframe sé duc tao ra bean dud| be mat do. 2. cA BUGC THUC HIEN: Ta sé ding mét vi dy: tao mé hinh mét chiée mat ng hinh nguti. Cac bude thyc hién sé cho ta mOt khai nlém vé cdch tao mét vat thé bing phucng phap mé hinh ludi, - Tao duding vién bao quanh bang céng cu Line (Cong cu tao hinh phang}. Ovdng vién phai dat 2 yeu cau sau: 1, Phai lA mat duéng vé kin. _2. $6 dinh trén dudng ve phai la mot s6 chin va ti és duding ludi béing céch néi cde dinh déi xing nau, Sau khi tao xong cdc duting ludi, phai bao dam rang khong cé- métdinh nao du thia, Sé dinh ti thidu la 6 sé bao dam it nhat 2 mat ludi duge tao ra (NEU chi od 1 mat ludi, vat the se bj "dae uct’) Tao ede duéing lui bang céch noi eae dinh G8i xUng nhau theo chiéu ngang hode etiéu dos. 86 Ivong ducing ni ngang va doc tly thud vae ting ust iné, Cang nhiéu dudng néimé hinh sé cang chi tiét. Thue hign cac duding noi nhu sau: 1, Chon dung bao quanh vita vé xong. 2. Bang lénh Modify — Cuén bang lan, chon lénh Sub-Qbject / Vertex - Gudn bang lén,38 . Bais CHAT LIEU (Materials) Mol vat thé khl tao ra déu¢eé mét hinh dang, mau sac nhung trong thye t@ ching chua phai la nhiing vat thé hoan chinh néu chua dugc ap dat mét loa chat ligu nao dd. Chat liu l& nhOing dif liéu ma tan dinh cho bé mat hade tling mat cla motvating, Chat liu ¢6 thé chi bao gdm mau sc va cdc thong sd vé d0 sang, do béng ling, d6 phan chiéu_(chat lieu co ban — Standard Materials) hoge cu thé la mot loai chat ligu that nhu gach, 96, da, vai {onait liu ma rong — Extended Materials). Chal lieu cling co. thé IA téng hgp cd 2 loai nay. 4. CHAT LIEU Gd BAN: 1.4. H§p thoal Material Editer: Hap thoai Material Editar la cong cy cung cap cho ta nhting logi chat ligu co ban. Md hop thogi Material Editor: F - Menu Tools - Material Editor - Hoac a6 phim M 4.2, SAp xép lai h6p thoai Material Editor: - Cae mau vat ligu: me dinh gom 6 mau. Co thé md len thanh 24 mau cho dé lam viée bang c&ch 84m nit Options (xem Anh) va chon Slots = 6x4 / OK. - Thay ddi thé hign mau: b&m lénh Sample Type (xem anh) va oii 1 At = Chon loai mau muon thé hign (hinh céu, hinh try, hin Khéi\VOdr9)- AOAVI i "BE quail sat gah, 60 thé nhdp €61 va 6 mau." mabrehat liu s8 duge bung I6n ra. -Fao méinén phia sau mau: bém lénh Background (xem Anh), mot nén ca ra sé xuat hién phia sau mau chat leu. Toy chon nay c6 ich khi ta can higu chink dG trong (Spacity) cba mot mau vat ligu. . ic ig 4.2 Bién tap mét mau chat ligu vai hGp thogi Material Editor: Quy trinh tao chat ligu co ban cho mat vat thé gbm 2 bude: fa | = Chon mét mu chat ligu trong hép thoai Material Editor” va tién hanh vie bién tap, sla chtta tén mau cho dén khi_ ung ¥. = Gan mau chal ligu cho wat thé, Bién tap mot mau chat ligu cy thé la thue hién cac bude sau: (et HO. ef = Chon mat mau chat ligu bat ky trong s6 24 mau cd sn. Nndp do vao mau dé mé Ién nd ra - Dat tén cho m&u mau trong 6 Name (mac djnh 1a Material #_) phia bén tn bang Basic! Parameters. | Chon mau, Mau cia 1 chétligu cy thé gm 3 phan: _ 4. Ambient: mau nhin thay t nhtng ving ti (mau sam). 2. Diffuse: mau nhin thay ti ving trung binh ela ‘vatthé (mau chinh). CNi 3. Specular: mau nhin thay ti nhiing ving sang (mau sna). Lan lugt bam vao cdc 6 mau nay trong phan Basic Parameters va chon mau. - Chon loai bé mat cila chat lidu: Loai bé mat lam cho chat ligu cd dé bong khde nhav. Co 7 foal bé mat trong phan Basic Parameters: Anisotropic, Blinn, Metal, Multi layers, Oren Nayar Blinn, Phong va Strauss. -Hiau chinh dé ldng béng cla bé mal chat ligu: edn chinh giita 3 thong sé: 4, Specular: do bong 2 Glossiness: 6 lang. 3. Soften: d6 min, {Tr] 56 Soften téi da 1A 1, cd te dung cn bang 2 théng s6 Specular va Glossiness). = Vat ligu tu phat s4ng (bong dén, trang.}: Banh dau chon muc Selt-ilumination vé chon mau phat sang, = VAtli8u c6 46 trong (ihdu quang} hu thty tinh, nudc..: Khai bao Cpacity = Enter. Wire: chat liéu cé dang khung day, chi xuat hién trén khung ludi cla vat thé. Khai bdo kich thude khung day trong phan Extended Parameters, muc Wire / Size, - 2-sided: chal liéu xudt hin trén ca 2 mat trong va ngoai cia vat thé. Face map: chat ligu duge 4p vao ting mat da vat the. - Faceted: chat ligu due ap vao ting mat nhé cla hung iui 4.4, Ap m@t chat ligu da bien tgp cho vat thé: Sau khi da hoan tat viée bién tap va tao ra mot du chat liu, ta ¢6 thé ap dung né cho mothay nhiéu vat thé bang 1 trong 2 cach. Ré mau chat lidu tha vao vat thé trong 4 khung nhin bat ki. + Chon vat thé, chon mau chat ligu, bam lénh As- sign Material To Selection. Anh Arsign Mlerts) To Selection a. 2, CHAT LIEU MG RONG: a Go banicho tajmotloai vatligu.ce tinh AGI cho thudc tinh wat iy Kha dey a0. Trang phan mid rong, tase tim hiét Sau|hdn cach tao ra mat vat thé 6 chal liu gidng that nhat. Tat ca cao mau chal liu trong phen md rong nay thung khong xuat hién ngay trén man hinn 3DMax, ching chi xuat hién khi ta kel xual (Ren- 2.4 SU DUNG CHAT-LIEU ANH (MAPPING MATERIAL): Mét trong nhiing phvang cach dé ed chat ligu gidng that lA dling chat licu lay 1 anh. 3Dmax (98, 96 ghép, gach, d4.) hode cdc loai anh dé hoa khac co thé ding vao viee Cac loai anh bit map nhu JPG, BMP, TIF, TGA déu co the dung lim chat liéu lai cdc loai vat ligu inat d2 dung trong Omak, hoac YE-chlng bang céc chucng Photoshop. rdi xuét (Experi) thanh anh bitmap trong truding hop tao wat thé ca Nguyen tac: trong chat li@u so cap, chat eu ma ta thay duge tt vat ind that ts : “* der) khung Anh, BE két xua’4t{ khung ani, tam thdi ta dang phim F9 (Quick Render) ung cap cho ta rat nhiéu loai chat teu gia tang chat lugng cho chal liéu Nhu thé taco thé chup anh hoa scan trinh nh CorelDraw, Illustrator, nhan higu, bao bi (Xem anh ben)38 ie ra chil mau Diffuse. Trang chal ligu md rong, mau Diffuse dugc thay thé bang mot anh bitmap, Thy hign: -Mé hop thaai Material Editor. -Chon mét mau vai ligu, dinh cdc thong sd vé 46 bong (Specular), dé sang (Glossiness), dé min (Soften), 66 thu quang (Opacity). - Ap dung mau cho vat thé, - Cuén bang Material Editor lén, chon muc Maps. ~ Banh dau chen myc Diffuse —Béim nut None bén canh Dilluse {trong cot Maps) - Trong ¢anh sach mé ra, chon Bitmap — Open. - Chon anh bitmap — Open - Anh bitmap.duge tai len mau chat liu, nhung chua xudt hién | tren vat thé. + - Hign anh cde mau chat lieu bang each bam lénh Show Map 1. Mé bang Madily — Lénh UVW Map. 2. Cuan. bang | In, chan { treng cdc kidu boc vat eu. cho vat thé trong phan Map ping: a. Planar: boe phang b, Cylipdrical; néu wat thé la 1 hinh try. ic) Spherical: néuyvat the Yayykhsi cau. r a Shrinkwrap natrvatthe 1a 1 kAal bat ky (vi du binh tra teaporeuasD max), &. Box: néu vat thé 141 khdi hop. {. Face: néu vat thé la 1 mat phang. + Néu chon cach hién anh thif 2 (UVW Map), sau do ta sé edn phai hiéu chinh vi tri cla anh trén wat thé 1. Xoay anh: hap géc xoay (Angle/U,V,W): L, V va W 14 géo xoay anh tudng ting voi Struc%, ¥ va Z.cla val the. 2. Tiling: $6 lvgng anh xép Idp ké can nhau doc theo cac truc X va ¥, 3, Mirror: lat déi xing anh quanh 2 true X va ¥. 22 XU LY CHAT LIZU ANH Md RONG: 2.2.1 Higu chinh thdu quang: Trong thyc t& khi tao dé thu queng cho mét vat thé ta phal ohd ¥ nhigu tinh chat khdc nhv tinh loc mau, o6ng mau, dé théu quang chuyén dan tit trong ra ngodi ria vat thé. trong khi ty chan Opacity chi cho mot dy thdu quang déng déu. Thye hién nhu sau: 1. Khai bao Opacity 2. Cudn bang Material Euitor ln, chon myc Extended Parameters. 3. Falloff; Chon In: trong mé nhigu hon ng Chon Out: ngoai mé nhiéu hon trong, ‘Amt (amount): d9 mo 4, Filter: vat thé thau quang cé tinh lope mau (gidng nhu thdy tinh mau) va chi cho mo mau nao dd di qua, Chon mau trang O bén canh. Lénh Shee Aap in MeupevtEK) 5. Sublractive: mau olla vat thé phia sau sé duge tri ra khdi mau nén, lam cho phan {rong sudt 1d nén sim hon. 6. Additive: mau eda vat th phia sau sé dude cong vao vdi mau nén, lam cho phan trong sudt tra nén sang hon. 7. Index of Retraction: 46 khie xa ciia chal ligu, 2.2.2 Chit ligu phat sang (eateaiumination): Jace thé dién ti mat vat thé co chat ligu anh bitmap wa cd tinh ty phat sang (vidu bong dén, hop én} bang cdch ding kiéu chat ligu Self-llumination: Chon vattné. ~ Chon mau Diffuse. -Mé hop thoai Material Editor Chon m@t mau chat lieu, chinh dé sang (Spaecular Level), do lang (Glossiness) va d6 min (Soften) sao cho mau chat lieu saingbéng lén— Ap chatliéu cho vat thé. i 2 - UMC MAE Aon mic Maps! 2 = Chon myc Sel-lilumination - Ghon Maps / None ban canh ~ Chon mau anh cho chat lieu ty phat sang = Dinh dé phat sng (%3). - Lénh Show Map in Viewport, , GO Fa (Quick Render) dé xem ket wa. 2.2.3 Chat ligu phan chiéu (Reflec- ‘a 66 thé didn t4 mét vat thé cd chat ligu phan chiéu hinh anh cla mai trudng chung quanh bang cdch ding kiéu chét ligu Reflection hodc Refraction + Chon wat thé. - Chon mau Diffuse. = Md hdp thogi Material Editar — Chon mgtmau chatliéu, chinh dé sang (Specu- lar Level), ¢6 lang (Glossiness) va dé min (Soften) sao cho mu chat liéu sang bon lan —Ap chal ligu cho vat thé. - Cuén bang én, chon myc Maps. : _. ~Chgn mye Fleflection — Chon Maps / Noné bén canh - Trong hdp thaai Materials/Maps Browser, chon Reflect / Refract - OK — Binh da phan chiéu (%). . ~ Lénh Show Map in Viewport - GO FO (Quick Render) dé xem két qua. Tren vat thé sé phan chidu hinh anh cla méi truting ya cde val iné chung quant no. - Néu trong myc Maps, chon Refration thay viReflection thi hinh Anh phan chiéu sé khong cé mau - Dae biét néu vat thé 1a mat mat phang (Plane, hode !A mdt mat tach ra tit vat thé hinh Khoi bang lénh Edit Mesh / Detach), ta 06 thé cling kiéu Maps = Rellec- tion va chon trong danh sdch ela hop thogi MaterialsiMaps Browser kiu phan ehiéu Flat Mirror, Mat phang sé phan chiéu giéng nhv mat tam gucng soi. Blah dd phy ehlé mot truomg chang quanhcil 2.2.4 Chat ligu cham néi (Bump): Ta cé thé dién td mat vat thé cd chat ligu sain sili, 66 06 sAu (khde lim) phéng theo 1 anh bitmap bang cdch ding kiéu chat ligu Bump: - Chon vat thé. -M@ hép thogi Material Editor —Chon mat mau chat ligu ~ Chon mau Diffuse -Chinh 46 sang (Specular Level), d6 lng (Glossiness) va do min (Soften) sao cho mau chat ligu sang bong lén — Ap cht ligu cho vat thé. - Cudn bang Ién, chon muc Maps. - Chon muc Bump - Chon Maps / None bén canh — Ghan mau anh dinh hinh cho nét khac — Dinh dé sau. “ Lénh Show Map in Viewport ~ GO FS (Quick Render) 62 xem ket qua. Anh: kidu chat Jigu Bump voi nét khac Cellular 2.2.5 Chat ligu hén h¢p: 4 Vat thé c6 thé 06 téng hop cdc tinh chat da néu wen. Hiéu chinh 66 higu qué (%) cha mdi kidu vat liu va 95 F9 (Quick Render) dé xem két qua www.dohoavn.net - tydieudi Bai 10 SU DUNG DEN CHIEU SANG Mot trong nhting phung cach cla SDMax dé tao cdm gide ro net nhat vé chiéu sau la st! dung dén chiéu dé tao ra cdc béng s4ng tai. Trong khung nhia Perspective cla SDMax mac Ginh cé 2 ngudn séng oO dinh, mot @ phia trudc va mat d pha sau Khung nhin. Bieu nay giai thich hién tugng ede vat thé co bé mal phang noang (vi du: khéi hdp — Box) khi mdi tao ra thudng 0d bé mat rat sam mau, can phai xoay khung cdnh bang céng cy Arc Hotate dé mat phang duce chiéu true tigp dudi nguén sang 3Dmax cung c4p cho ta mét sé kiéu dén chiéudé su dung them trong khung canh, tang thém higu qua cho cong viec, 4. CAG LOAl DEN CHIEU CUA sDmAx: - Mg dén - Bang lenh Create. - Chan leai cang cy thu 3 (Light): cdc loai dén chiéu. - Chon loat én: cd 5 loai den chiéu: = Omni: tuong ty’ bong den tron, ngudn séng 1 mot diém va tod Sang ra tat cd moi huéng. - Free Spot: nguén sang lA mot diém va toa ra mot chim tia sang hinh ndn chidu vé mt hvdng va kKhéng cd muc tiéu nhat dinh. - Target Spot: nguén sang a mot diém va tod ra mét chum tia sang hinh ndn chiéu vao mét myc nhat dinh. + Free Direct: nguén sang toa ra mot chum tia sing song song chiéu vé mot hudng va Khong co muc tieu chigu sang nat dinh ~ Target Direct ngudn sdngtod ra motchim tia sang song song chiéu vaa mét mye tigu nhat dinh Www Fire syct Targel Spat Fero Olvect ‘Target inest Phan bigt: ‘Cac loa den chigu khong cé myc tigu: khi di chuyén dén thi chim tia va ving dude ehiéu sng cling di chuyén theo. = Cac loai dén chiéu cd myc tieu: khi di chuyén dén thi chum tia di chuyén theo nhung ving Guge ohiéu séng khdng di chuyén vi mye tiéu chiéu sang 14 mot diém c6 dinh doc lap vai den 2 Khi sit dung cdc loal dén cd muc tieu (Target Spot va Target Direc!) trong canh sach vatthé2 xuat hién thém cae muc tigu (dich ngdm chicu sdng cia dén) nhu la nhiing vat thé doc lap. Ching ¢6 thé dude chon, di chuyén... nhu ki m6t doi tng binh thudng. 2, DAT BEN VAO HE THONG: 2.4. Ben Omni: - Chon logi den Omni. = Khung nhin Top - Bam lén vj tri dat dén. Chinn d6 cao dén (trong khung nhin Left ho&e Front). Higu chinh cac théng s6 den (sé dé cap d phan 8). 2.2: Ben Target Spot: Chon leai dén Target Spot (den chiéu cd muc tiéu). Khung nhin Top = Bam lén vj tri dat dén va ré vé hung chiéu sang (muc tiéu) tao thanh mot = chum tla hinh nén vdi din ndn la dén va day non ate are nen coe 1 muc tieu, = Chinh 46 cao dén (trong khung nhin Left ho&e Front) Chinh vj tri muc tigu trong c& 3 khung nhin Top, Front va Left. Hiéu chinh cde thang sé dén (sé dé cap d phan 3). 2.3, Ben Free Spot: = Chon logi dén Free Spat. =. Khung nhin Top— Bé p-iérevi trian. Moidep chiéuduang iyinhu.den Omni co chy dan (choad dén) xudbaien Chinn dé.cao dén (trong khung ohin Left hode Front) - . Higu chinh cdc thong so Gén (s8 dé cap 8 phan 3) 2.4, Ben Target Direct: Chen logi dén Targel Direct (den chiéu song song cd muc teu). ‘chung nhin Top — Bam lén vi tit dat den va ré vé hudng chigu sang (muc tiéu) tao thart mot chim tia hinh éng song song vai dau 6ng [a dén va eudi Gng 1a myc teu + Chinh d@ cao dén (trong khung mht Left ho&c Front). = Ghinh vi tri muc tiéu trong od 3 khuy nhin Top, Front va Left. Higu chinh c&e thong sé dén (sé cao 6 phan 3) 2.3, Den Free Dire - Chon logi dan Free Direct, - Khung nhin Top— Bam len vjtri cata Mol dén chigu tuang ly nh mot chum nhie én Omnicé chp dén (chod dén) xudt hie! Chinh dé cao dén (trong khung 1h Left hodc Front) - Higu chinh cde thong s6 én (sé & cap @ phan 3) 3, HIEU CHINH BEN: SU dung dén trang 3Dmax l& mOt céng vide kha phtic tap, doi hoi phai hiéu chinh cong pe néu khong, hi@u qua sé rat thap va cd khi con té han la khong 66 dén. Chui y: khi bat déu si dung dén, trong khung canh can phai cd mot vai vat thé aé dén nit h fo ta van chi nhan dl nh sang va bong dé tir cac dn. Néu khdng, cho di higu chir‘mat khung canh mau den, Bé quan sat chinh xdc két qua chigu sting, cén két xuait hung nhin (go FS - Quick Render) 3.1, Cac théng sé chung cho cé § logi den: = Bang Modify — Phan General Parameters. Type: Thay dét logi dan. Ta cd thé thay ddi lai cho mgt den da tao sin. -On:Céngtéedén Chon On; bat dén Khang chon: tat dén - 6 mau ban canh On: chon mau cho anh sang cla dén. - Exclude: chon vat thé khéng duge chiéu sang, Wat thé trong khung canh duge chon va dua yao danh s4ch khong chiéu sing bang nil enh >> sé xuat hign khong duge ehiéu sang khi ket xuat (FS). « Cast Shadow: den ¢6 tao ra bong dd. - Multiplier: 66 sng cla dan. - Cac thong so cla bong ac + Bang Modify — Phan Shadow Parameters. - On: dan cd lao ra bong dé, | Shadow Map: chon kiéu nay néu cdc yatthd trang khung e&nh la nhiing vat thé dae. Alay Trace Shadow: chon Kiéu nay néu trong khung anh eo nhitng wit thé vai chat ligu thau quang. - Color. chon mau eho béng <6, - Dens: 6 dam ola bong. - Bg suy giém dO sang theo khoéng cach: Trong thyc 8, cang xa den bong cang md din trong khi bing dd cia SOmax khang hé bj thay a6! el Ana cach. 8 ia nigeat sullOBm)ue Bang) the \kiidaiig cach fap [dung cHe wong 56 wrong mmue Altenuation Parameters = Bang Modify — Phén Attenuation Parameters -Mije Decay - Type: chon Inverse - Higu chinh tr) 86 Start. - Mem két qua (go F9). - Chil 7 Khi cd stv dung thudc tinh suy giém d6 sang theo khodng cach, edn lang dO sang ca dén va chi ¥ higu chinh vj tri cla dén cho thich hdp. 3.2, Higu chinh dén Target Spot va Free Spot: _ Bai vai dén Target Spot va Free Spat vi vying chiéu sdng cé gidi han nén can higu chinh cdc thong sd vé ving chiéu sang: . - Bang Modify - Phan Spotlight Parameters. - Hotspot: kich thude vilng sdng 16. - Falloit: kich thudo ving séng ké cd ving vién md ban ngoai Trong thye t8 ving chiéu sang lun luén phdi cd mét ving vién md bén ngoal, te la Fallotf phdi 1én han Hatspot mét chut - Circle: chim tia ¢4 hinh trén. - Rectanale: chim tia cd hinh cha nhat. - Projector Map: dén chiéu cd hinh (tuong ty cdc den chidu trang trf san kau): danh dau chon Map — bam None dé chen anh lam mau cho dén chidu. 3.3, Hléu chinh dén Target Direct va Free Direct: én Target Direct va Free Direct dude higu chinh tudng ty nhu Target Spot va Free Spot d tren: - Bang Madify - Phan Directional Parameters. _ - Hotspot: kich thude ving sang Fé. - Falloff: kich thude ving sdng ké cA ving vien ma ban nga. - Cirele: chim tia cd hinh tron. + Recianglé: chim tia cd hinh chi nat. - Piojector Map: dén chigu e6 hinh (ivong ty phan trén).4 . Batt | sU DUNG CAMERA \V6i vibe sit dung va bé Wi ding cach cac leat dan ta da tién thém mét bude dai dén nhung khung canh 3D gan giéng nhw that. Nhung kung nhin Perspective di sao cling chi la moe khung nhin cd dinh, vi cdc thao ic xoay khung nhin bing cing cu Are Hotate khang th dibs hoat Gugc. Trong thuc t8 khi quay phim, Cameraman (nguéi quay phim) cé thé di chuyan wi tri, chon go nia sao cho hinh anh dep nhat, vita di chuyén via quay, thyc hign cdc cl “lla” may... lam oh doan phim sinh dong hon. t Ta co th thuic hian nhimng thao'tde tudng ty hu thé vi mot khung canh 3Dmax (Gang die hoat haae ding yén) voi viée st dung Gamera (may quay phim) va ti hinh anh thu nhan @ WWWeabSaVin-net -tydieu _ | Bang [anh Create — Chon logi vat thé can =f eras (cdc logi may quay phim). ea T: 3Dmax cung cap cho ta 2 loai may au phim: - Targel: : may quay phim c6 muc tiBu (c dich ngaim, 18 mét diém cy thé trong khun c”inh). Loai may nay sif dung dé dang cho hig qua cao, ta co thé di chuyén may nhung nity dich ngdm (Target) duge neo tai 1 vi tri cd di nén hinh Anh chinh xée hon. Khi chon loai naj trong bing danh sch vat thé (Select by nam =lénh thi 10 trén Main Toolbar) ngoai Cana 96 thém mét “vat thé” nda la Camera Targt Ta cé thé dichuyén phéihgp Gamera va Gat era Target 68 c6 két qua It han f - Free: may quay phim ty do (khong cd i ngam). a b ( 2, DAT MAY QUAY PHIM VAO HE THONG: = Dy tru khoding cdch ti dich ng&m én diém dat Camera, diing cbng cu Zoom (phim 18 thu nhé ede khung nhin Front, Top va Left sao cho khung nhin co thé bao gdm ca Camera. © = Trén khung nhin Front, bam tai vj tri dat Camera va 1 con trd d&n vj tri dich ngaim. . Mot hinh chép nén xual hién vdi dinh nhon I Camera wa day hinh chil nhat IA ving anh nhan duge. Tren céc khung nhin Top va Left, ding Gang cu di chuyén hiew chinh vi ti chinh dem Camera va dich naam. P Cha ¥: dich ngam thugng nim An trong cdc vat thé nén rat khé chon. Nén dung lénh thi trén Main Toolbar (Select by Name}: : - Bém lénh thi 10 trén Main Toolbar va chon Camera Target - Select. b - Khoa chon = Hi¢u ehinh vi tr. &. Chon khung nhin Perspective, chuyn déi khung nhin nay than khung nhin Gamera te cach 6 phim C. Quan sat hinh anh thu duge. fh: (Xem anh trang ben)43 3. HIEU GHINH MAY QUAY PHIM: C4 thé higuchinh vitriva quay Camera bang céc cong cu Dichuyén (Select and Move Tool) node Gong cu Quay (Select and Folate Tool) én Main Toolbar. — = Chon may quay phim - Md bang Modify — Cudn bang lén, chon phan Parameters. Khai bao Lens: tiéu cv cla dng kinh Camera (focus) Tri sé Lens tao ra dé rong cla géc quay, dude bidu thi bang thong sé FOV bén audi. Chu y: tri s6 Lens e&ng dn thi FOV cang nhé. = Stock Lenses: mat sé tr s6 ti4u. cu ma ta cd thé chon nhanh dé sit dung. 4, CAC THAO TAC BAC BIET: Chon khung nhin Camera dé thao tac, quan sat géc dudi phdi man hinh. Cac céng cu diéu chinh hudng nhin vé man hinh bay gid cd dang nhu sau: _ _ Xugt hin 4.céng cu hieu chinh mdi, day 14 nhting cdng cy gitp che viee higu chinh hinh anh thu dude qua éng kinn Camera gidng thyc té han: = 1: (Dolly Gamera), ré cing cy nay lén hode xudng tren khuing nnhin Camera cé tac dung gidng nh si dung dng kinh Zoom lai géin hode Wi ra xa. 2; (Roll Camera), thao tde xoay tran Camere, lam cho hinh anh thu duge nhao [én. ~ 3: (Truck Camera), Camera va dich ngdm di chuyén song song vdi nhau. - 4: (Pan Camera), Camera ding yén trong khi dich ngam di chuyén (lia may)4 Baii2 MOT SO HIGU UNG THONG DUNG. 1. HEU UNG BIEN DANG UGN E0 (NOISE) 4.1 Céng dung: Higu Ging bién dang Noise cd thé tao ra cde bé m&t dgn séng, chil uén éo nhin nay thea moi hudng. 4.2 Thue hign: - Chon vat thé -Tang sé phan dean {Segment} clia cdceanh X, ¥ vaZléncang cao cng tat. - Bang Modify —‘Lenh Noise. - Cugn bang len - Phan Parameters, khai baa: - Seed: so digm gay nhiéu. Sd lugng diém tiy thuée vao kich thude vat thé vA mute dé nhigu mudn tao ra - Seale: 6 nhiéu (%) - Fracial: un €o phan doan (a6 uén é0 sé cao han so vdi khong chon Fractal). - Strength X, ¥ va Z: dO bién dang theo 3 true. - Animation Noise: dién hoat bién dang u6n ¢o (sé néi ky 6 mot bai sau). 2, HEU UNG BON SONG/(SFACE WARP) | 2.1 Cong dung: Jao sy bién dang gén giéng Noise nhung ¢@ tinh twain hoan hen (hinh sdng) vachi bién dart theo 1 true i (Ann) - Chon vatthé -Tang sé phan doan (Segment) cla cac canh X, ¥ va Zlén cang cao cang lt = Bang Lénh Create - Chon logi vat thé Space Warp. - Chon Wave. vat thé bién dang thanh dang séng song song (gidng nhu tam tle). - Chon Ripple: wat thé bién dew thanh dang séng déng tam (gid nhu vien da ném xudng mat nude: -Taotémdgn song, chy dof va 0 dai song: i - Khai bdo Amplitude 1 va AP plitude 2: d6 cao t6i da va ti thi, cla song. - Wave length: 46 dal séng - Tém dgn séng la mat vate khong o¢ that, chic nang ola nt hudng dan dé tac nén bién da tren vat thé lién k&t voi nd. Khif xudt, cdc tim dgn song khong i nign, +Xoay tam dgn sng quanhea7 lie X, ¥, Zsa cho né song song véi huting dan s6ng sé to ra an vat thé. + Lién két VALIhé vai cde tm dgn séng: + Bang Main Toolbar - Cong cy thy 6 tu trai qua (Bind Ta Space Warp) - Bam cong cy lén vat thé va ré tha vao tam dgn séng (Tam don séng hai loé len mot chdt, cho thay da co sy lién két). ~Phdn Parameters, khai bao: ~ Seed: so ciém gay nhiéu. Vat thé cang [dn sd dim cang phai nhieu - Scale: d6 nhiau (%). - Fractal: dn éo phan daan (dp udn go sé cao hon so véi khong chon Fractal) - Strength X, ¥ va 2: 49 bién dang theo 3 true. = Animation Noise: dién hoat bién dang udn 60 (58 noi 3, HIEU ue Mu 34 ia ing/sufng ini: Higu Ung sucng mi tao ra mot Khdng gian md nhw cé sucng md hoge khidi vudng Ahe Thudng duge ding két hyp vai chiéu dén 48 tng hieu qua my thugt. mat bai sau) (61 —2UA CRAY, i - Thye hién vat thé wa chiéu dén - Menu Rendering — Lénh Environment - Chon phan Effects: - Chon Add. = Trong danh sdch, chon Fog (sung mil) — OK. = Tiong phan Fog, chon Color = mau suang mi - Fog Background: sung mi bao phi ludn cd phan nén anh. - Standard: sung mil todn phan (Anh bén tral). = Layered: sudng mo chi phil phan trén hodc dudi ca khung canh (Anh bén phai). - G6 F9 dé xem ket qua 3.2 Higu ting khai: Higu Ung khoi tao ra mot ving cd nhiing dom hode vet Khoi, Néu diingkéthgp vdichieu din sé tang higu qué my thuat Thue hién: - Bang [nh Create - Logi vat thé thir 5 (Helpers ~ Cac vat thé hg tray - Ham danh sdch vat thé Helpers - Chon Atmospheric Apparatus (CAc céng cu khi quyén). ; + BoxGizmo: cong cu tao ving khdi cd dang khoi hop. - SphereGizmo: cong cy tao viing khdi co dang khdi cau. - GylGizmo: céng ci tao ving khdl 26 dang Khoi try, - Chon mot trong 3 cdng cy trén, tao vung cha Khoi - filenu Rendering — Lénh Environment - Chon phan Effects: - Shon Add.48 fe = Trong danh sdch, chon Volume Fog — OK. - Trong phan Volume Fog Parameters, chon Pick Gizmo - B&m cing cu (cd hinh dau thap) [én khung cla ving chia khdi = Phan Valume — Chon Color = mau khoi. ~ Type: kigu khdi: § Regular: khéi binh thuding. § Fractal: khdi phan doan, § Turbulence: khoi hin loan. § Invert: do ving khdi / ving khong khéi trong 3 Pent | face 1 ving chia Frotiattot Camapsas { - Exponential: khdi thay dé/ tang hode gidm dan. ~Higu chinh ede tr] s6 Density (mat do khéi), Step size: d6 dai ce cum khoi, Max step (cum in nhat) - Chon Fog Background: khdi xuat nién khi két xudt, N@u khang chon muc nay, can phai cd vat thé phia sau cd mau. (nau canh) 48 cé thé nhin thay kndi. + G5 FO dé xem két qua. 3.3 Higu Ung vet chiéu sang: Higu tng dng chidu sang tao ra tren Gén chigutinh chat giéng hu mat wet sang chi&u trong khung anh cé ea mg oo \ef\eucb a oaticee its dryset & 1 nhd sé el FY ac Peers cy reur (Anh) Thue hién: - Thue hién val thé va chidu bang dén Target Spot, Free Spot, Target Direct hode Free Dire (coelcal dén cd tao chim tia Hiéu chinh cac thong so dén, bong md, 46 suy giam_ (Anh 1). - Menu Rendering — Lenh Environment - Chon phan Effects: - Chen Add ~ Trong danh sich, chan Volume List | - OK. - Trong phan Volume Light Parametedl chgn Pick Light - Bm cOng cu (cd his dau thap) I8n dén chiéu trong khung ¢: - Phan Volume — Chon: § Fog Color: mau susing m § Attenuation Golor: Khi de | sdng suy gidm theo khodng cach, me | chen trong 4 nay § dan xudt hién - Chon Use Attenuetion| 1 § Start / End: ving bat déui két thie suy gidm anh séng, - GS FO dé xem két quaay 4, HIEU UNG NET KHAC (PHU BIEU): HEU ding nét khac to ra ran bé mat vat thé mét nét cham noi 1 nét hu 4 tranh pho dieu. Hinh anh nét khde dua tran dudng nét cat anh bitmap. uc anh bitmap dé lam nét khie. Nén tao bang 1 Anh bitmap vdi nét den wang that rB nét, Save anh. (Anh) = Chon vat thé. Cha 9 nét khac t6t nhdlt la 1rén mot Plane, hoae 1 mat tach ra tU vat the bang lénh Detach. ~ Chia ge canh thdnh nhidu phan doan (Segment). SO Moye YOOF tig wis (vai tam). - Bang lénh Modify = Lenh More. ~Trong danh sch chon Displace - OK - Bang lénh Modify = Phan Parameters - Image = Bitmap — Edm None. = Tim dén anh bitmap lam net khac - Open. - Bang [enh Modify — Phan Parameters — Dis- placament — Khai bao Strength = 6 sau nét khac (56 Am: nét khac ndi len}. 5, MOTISGIHIEUJUNG |KHAG: 5.1 Hieu ing n@ bom: Hiéu ing ny tao ra mot qua bom né thanh nhisu manh vun, co thé ding cho cdc cdnh trang tri (Iuong tu phao hoa), 8 tao ra mot vu nd, cdncé 2 than phan tham gia: mt tac nhan gay né (qua bom) va mot yal thé n6 (vat thé). Vat tné duce lién ket vdi qua bom bang 1 cong cy lién ket. Thye hién: = Tao vat thé nd (vat thé 30). = Tao qua bom: ~ Bang l@nh Create ~ Loal vat thé thi’ 6 (Space Warp). (Anh ban) e en Bomb — Bam lén mét khung nhiin, vi tri gan vat seer thd nd dé dat qua bom, Métchéim tam gide mau vang xuat hién. a iH te Beets ae fonds chi cuaibom peer | ron |) | = Strength: stic manh cid qua bom (stic nd). wee | reo = Spin: dd xoay tron olla cdc manh bom. -Falloff: khi myc Falloff ben dudi duge chon, quanh qué bom se co mot ving anh hudng Chl nhiing phén cla vat thé nm bén trong ving Anh hudng bj nd thanh nhing manh | phd, phan can lai nguyén ven va bi day ra xa. Trj sd Fallolf la do | rang cla ving anh hudng. = Min/Max: kich thude cla ménh Idn nhatva manh ne nina. , Gravity: trong Ic. Tri 6 Am: cic manh na ban len. Tri s6 duong: cae mann no ban xudng. Tri sé bing 0: edie mAnh nd ban ngang,50. . ~ Chaos: d6 hon loan oa ede manh khi nd. + Detonation: thiii diém 6. - Lién két vat thé va qua bom: - — Cdng oy thi 6 trén Main Toalbar (Bind to Space Warp). : - Aé cOng eu ti val the tha vao qua bom. Chu ¥ val thé hei sdng lén mot ehdt cho thay lién kat dé duge tgo ra, - Dién hoat: Go phim N. 52 Higu ung tuyét roi (Snow): Higu Ung nay tao ra mot hoat canh cac vat thé nho (dang particles - manh wun) roi 12 ta gidng nhw tuyét. Cac manh cé thé 1a nhitng ngo sao, chém, hinh que. Vi thé chi “tuyét” trong phan nay chi & fugng tring cho cdc hat, manh nha. Thye hién: - Bang lénh Greate - Loai vat thé Geometry ~ Trong dan! sach chon Particla Systems. - Chon Snow. - Khai bdo cde thong sé: - Viewport count va Render count: 56 ciém tao tuyét, Tr} cang Idn tuyét céng day dac. - Flake size: kich thude hat tuyét. 0 dO rd : dG Khao biét kich eds cae hat el Foalininnicts.cpeie + Triangle: hat tuyet co dang t - Facing: hat tuyét cé dang mal phéng ti gic). : + Start: thei digm bal dau tuyét rot. - Life: d9 dai thai gian tuyét rai - Sau khi khai bao xong, tao khung tao tuyét trong Khung nhin thich hgp (théng thydng la kKhung Top) — Chon mau tuyét (muc Name and color). - Ghinh vi tri, d6 cao khung tao tuyét - Bam Play hoac go phim ? dé chay din hoat. 5.3 Hiéu ting mua roi (Spray): Hiéu Ung nay tao ra cdc gigt mua roi thanh vét dai. Thye hin: - Bang lénh Create - Logi vat thé Geom- etry—Trong danh séch chen Particle Systems, - Chon Spray. - Khai bio: - Viewport count va Render count: sé diém gay mua. - Drop size: 66 dai hat mua, - Speed: téc dé roi. - Variation: d6 khac biét kich thude cdc cac gigt mua - Drop: giot mua thanh vét dai va od chiéu ngang, - Dot: gigt mu dang cham (gidng mua thal).Tick: giot mua dang que. - Start: thoi diém bat dau mua. = Life: d6 dai thdi gian mua roi = Sau khi khei bdo xang, tao khung tap mua trong khung nhin thich hap (thong thuding [a Khung Top) —Chon mau mua (muc Name and colar). = Chinh ¥j tri, d6 cae khung mua. - Bam Play hoac go phim ? dé chay dién heal, 5.4 Higu ting dom dom (PCloud): Higutingnay tac ra cdo tod nhu dom dém tw mét vat phat sinh (emit- ter) Vat phat sinh ra cao mann dom démnay c6 thé [A hinh khéi hdp (Box emitter), khdi cdu (Sphere emitter), khai try (Cylinder emitter) hoae mé phdng hinh dang mét vat thé co san (Object-based emitter), Thue hién: - Bang lénh Create — Loai vat thé Geometry — Trong danh sach chon Particle Systems. - Khai bao cae thong s6: = Chon logi vat phat sinh (Box emitter, Sphere emitter, Cylinder emitter, hadc Object based emitter). Néu chon Object-base Emitter, dam dém sé phat sinh ra ti ben trong mot vat thé 6 san trén man hinh — Teo vat phat sinh trén mét trang eac khung nhin. Néu vat phat sinh lA Object-base Emitter, sau Khi tao xong, bam Pick Object trang bang lenh, cong cu chuyén thanh dau +. Bam dau + len vat thé chon. - Khai bao kieh thudéc vat phat sinh (Rad/Len, Width/Height). + Chon loai dom dam: DotsTick, Mesh Pse Fale foe, Use Tole = Speed: toc gO ban toe. - Variation: 66 khée biét kich thuac + Emit Start: thai dié a Emit Stop: thdi diém cham dit ban. Particle Type: chon Standard. ndard Particle: chon kigu dang dom dom. kich thuée dom dom. Grow for: théi gian dém dém sang dan lén (bat dau). Fade for: thai gian dom dom md dan trude khi tat (cham att - Go phim ? hode bam Play dé gién hoat2 Baits DIEN HOAT (Animation) Nhu ching ta iét, 3Dmax cd 2 chifs n&ng chinh yeu: - Tao cde vat thé aD - Lam che eae vat thé chuyén déng. Lam cho mot vat thé SD chuyén dong 06 thé tao rams doan phim hoat hinh, goi la dién hoat. M6t $6 dién hoat co thé nhin thay ngay sau khi gd Play (node bam phim 7). Mat sd khace nhin thay khi két xudt 3Dmax (Render). Titca moi phep hiéu chin hinh dang mht uér déu cd thé tao thanh dién hoat. Mudn dién hoat déi mau, ta phai dién noat déi mau Diffuse ca chélt ligu. Phép hidu oti mau bang lénh Name And Color khong dién hoat dugc. Sau day ta sé tim hiéu ech tao mét s6 dién hoat nhu: - Ghuyén dong ty quay tran. - Chuyén déng doc theo mot dudng dan. - Chuyén déng kél hgp quay va di chuyén. - Chuyén dong un éo, dién hoat bisn dang n cong, nghigng, xoan van, thay déi kien thubs J.NGUYEN TAC’ DIENHOAT; Tat ca moiphép hiéu chinb vida, hinh dang) ki¢hthude, hethieu.. tren mot vat thé déu ed tao thanh mot dién haat, mién a ta xée dinn duge tinn trang cha vat thé dd tai hai thai diém nhau, C. a 4i trung gian-s@ duoc 3Dmax ty G6ng thie hién bang cach tao ra cac kis Anh lién tiép nhau. Thoi digm dude xc dinh bing thanh trugt thai gian (Time Slider): kéo con chay dén yj haac g6 sé vao 6 Key Made Toggle va 96 Enter. @ S igdicia Cit ep Made Toggle Con sé tran thanh trugt thai gian thé hién d6 dai cla doan dién heat (sé khung hinh cla din haat}, Can xem knung hinh nao, ta k6o con chay dén thai diém do, hodc go s6-vaob Mode Toggle va go Enter. Vidi cde chuyén dong cé tinh tan haan (vi dy: chuyén dong quay tron déu), ta chi can: inh tinh trang cia vat thé G 2 thoi diém 0 va 100. Mat sé higu ding cé thé dién hoat khong cain thue hign bang thanh trugt théi gian wa xae trang thai cla vat thé, nhur: - Higu ding mua, tuyét roi, sao dom dm. - Hiéu ting nhigu (Noise), udn go (Space Warp), bom nd - Nguyén tac thyc hién met dién hoat: - Chon khung nhin thuc hién — Chon wat thé dién hoat - Khod chon. _ + Con chay thd gian duos dar vitr s6 0- Thuc hign phép higu chinh ten vat thé @ dinh trang thai cla vat thé 3 thai digm nay. ~ Bam lénh Animate (phim tat N) - Kéo con chay dén vj tri thai diém ké tiga (ho&e go sé vaa 6 Key Mode Toggle Enter) - Thyc hin phép higu chinh dé xac dinh trang thai cla vat thé 6 thai diém nay.3 - Thyc hién xéc dinh thei dim va trang thai cua vat thé cdc budc ké tip. = Sau khi hoan tat bude cudi cing (thi digm 100), g6 N hedc tat l@nh Animate dé hoan tat. = Xem dién hoat: bam Play hoac g8 phim 7/. - Chon vat thé va duge dién host, ta thay tai cac thdi diém xdc dinh trang thai cla vat thé tuat hien mt nittrén thanh trugt thai gian, duge goi la nhiing khod (key) dién hoat. Cac khod dién hoat ed thé di chuyén dé hiéu chinh khodng thdi gian dién hoat, nhéin ban (gif phim Shilt va ré), hy (Delete). Khi tél. cd cde khed bj hy, didn hoat cla vat thé cing sé hoan toan bj hy. MOT $0 DIEN HOAT THONG THUGNG: 2.4 Dien hoat chuyén d6ng quay tron: = Chon vat thé. + Xac dinh fam quay: ~ Chan bang Hierarchy ~ Lénh Affect Pivot Only — Xuat hién tam quay cd thé hiéu chinh dude. - Ding cde céng ey Di chuyén, Quay dé hiéu chinh vj tr tam quay. Tam quay co thé hiéu chinh duc. (Pivot Point) oo thé gléng (bang /énh Align) voi tam cilia cdc vat thé khac hodc wéi ac canh cia chinh nd. Trong trudno hop nay Current Object chon = Pivot point. = Sau khi xac ay OE. | tri tam quay. {Al l@nh Affect Pi ao naga VV thich Mon a thuc Rien dién hoat Nén chon sao cho vat thé sé quay quanh ttc Z— Khoa chon vat thé — Xac dinh con chay thai gian d thal diém sé 0. ~ Lenn Animate (hoac a6 N) + Keo con chay thai gian Ién 100 - Chon cong uy, ues ketion ae + Bam phai yao cong cy quay - Khai bdo tae 06 quay trong 6 Zcila phan Offset: Soren. Téc dé quay 14 bai 56 cla 360 (vi du: 60, 720,.1060 .) la s0 vong quay cila vat thé trong mot chu trinh dién hoat, Ti sé Am: quay theo chiéu kim déng hé. Tri sé duong: quay ngude chigu kim déng hd. 2.2 Dién hoat chuyan d@ng doe theo mgt duding dan: = Tao mot duBng dn. Budng din phai lA mot hinh phang (Shape) kin hade hd - Chon vat the. - Chon bang Motion. - Trong phn Assign Controller, chon Position: Bezier position — Bam nit lénh Assign Controller. - Trong danh sch, chon Path-OK. - Cuan bang [én, trong phdn Path Parameter, chon Pick Path. - Bua cdog cy den duding Path (chuy8n thanh dau +), bam wal thé duge dat len dudng dan. > Dhinh gis-tiép xUe vai dudng dan; dé vat thé Ion ludn tiépcy . xilc vdi dudng dain vdi 1 gde khang déi, chon Fallow. + Ghon true tiép xo (Axis): X, ¥, Z. - Bam | Play hoac go him 7 dé hoat. 2.3 Dién hot vat the co nhigu chuyén d6ng két hgp — Si dung vat thé ho trd ae “Dummy” —Lién két ede vat thé “Cha - Con”: Mot vat thé chi cd thé cd mot chuyén d6ng duge dién hoat (Vi dy: vt thé chi cé thé quay hoe ai chuyén, kh6ng thé vila di chuyén vita quay), Mudn tao chuyén dong phite tap cno vat thé can phai co mat logi vat thé hd tro (gol la Dummy) va sii dung lin két cha — con. 2.3.1. Lién kat Cha-Con la gi: Lay vi dy mét cdi quat dé ban: = Canh quat quay d6c lap vdi bau quat. Hoat déng quay cla canh quat khong hé lam anh hudng @ dén bau quat, + Tréilai bau quat cd anh hudng dén canh quat: khi bdu quat Ide lie qua lai thi cdnh quat phai lic lac theo, cho di Itic dé c#inh qual dang quay theo chuyén d6ng ring cle nd, Lie dé canh quat c6 déng thi 2 chuyén ding: quaytrén quani tam cla né va lie le qua igi. Nhu thé: - Bau quat la vat thé Cha, cénf quathla, vabthd Gane: vat thé co ludntudn Ie-thuoeva bl anh hud béi chuyén déng cia vat thé ch: Nude lai, vat thé con cé thé cd chuyén déng iéng cia nd va khong lam anh huGng dén ho: dong cla ‘vat thé cha, - Mat vat thé cha cé thé 6 nhigu vat thé con. Trai lai m@t vat thé con chl cd thé co mat vat thi cha. - Vat thé con cia vat the | nay van cé thé la cha clla vat thé khde (Ong - Cha - Con - Chau) - Dé tao lian két Cha-Con, ta thuc hign nhu sau: - Chon d6i tugng con. = Cong cy thit 4 trén Main Toolbar (Se- lect And Link Tool) ré tt déi tugng con qua déi tugng cha va tha vao déi tugng cha (d0i tuong cha hoi sang lén mot chit). 2.3.2, Vat thé do Dummy: vat thé 2o Dummy 1@ mot laai hé tre duge ding khi c&n tao ra nhiéu dién hogt tn mat vat thé. Khi ket xuat, Dummy khong xuat hien: - Bang lént Create. - Chon loai vat thé tha 5 (Helpers) — Chon Dummy. + Trén mot khung nhin bat ky, r@ cong ou dé tao Dummy. Vat thé Dummy xuat hign dydi dang mét khdi hp hinh vudng va khong nhin thay kni ket xudt (g6 FS). C6 thé 4p dung trén Dummy cae phép din hoat quay, di chuyén, kich thude nhu mat vat thé binh thudng. _froliactes i a |- Tao dién hoat riéng cila vat thé = Lin két cha con gita Dummy va vat thé can oé chuyén dong phiic tap: Dummy J cha, vet thé la con. Khi Dummy bién dé dién hoat, vat thé sé bién déi theo. Nhu thé vat thé sé cé 2 chuyén dong, - Néu cn nhiéu chuyn dong, ta cd thé ding nhiéu Dummy: Dummy nay fd con cia Dummy knee. 2.4. Dien hoat uon éo: G6 2 cach dé tao mot dién hoat udn éo: = Dién hoa phép hiéu chinh nhiéu (Noise). - Dién hoat phép hiéu chinh séng (Space Warp) 2.44 Dien hoat nhidu (Noise): ~ Tao vat thé va khai béo sé phan doan (segment) thich hap. - Khai bao tao nhiéu (xem bai trudge). | + Bang Modify ~ Cudn bang lén, danh déu chon Animate Noise ( hao Frequency (téc da dién hoat) = Phép dién hoat nay thudng duge ding dé teo ra higu dng nhin nhay, uén éo. 2.4.8 Dien hoat song (Space Warp): - Tao vat thé va khai bdo sé phan doan (segment) thich hgp. - Chon phep tao song (Ripple hodc Wave) — Tao tam tao song — Lién két vat thé va tam 130 song bang cong cy thi 5 (Bind To Space Warp). = Khail bdo tao sng (xem bal truéc). - Bién hoat di chuyén hoge quay tam tao sdng. -Wat the duge lin két wi tam tao séng s& nhap nhé séng ma khong edn phai di chuyén. hot nhiéu) - Khai www.dohoavn.net - tydieu& Bai 14 KET XUAT (Render) Nhu da nid bai 1, ta cd thé dus 3Dmax vao ting dung thyc 1 theo 2 each: = Chon khung nhin va gd¢ nhin thich hgp, xudt thanh mét Anh bitmap dé ding vaa cae thiét ké do hoa. + Xuat mét doan dién hoat thanh mét doan Video (tap tin “.avi) Cac thao t4c nay duce goi lA kat xuat, 14 céng doan sau cling cla mat tap tin 3Dmax 1. KET XUAT MOT KHUNG ANH THANH ANH BITMAP: - Chon khung nhin Perspective, - Ding céng cu Are Rotate (phim tat V) xoay va chon gde nhin thich hdp. - Menu Rendering - Render. - Khai bao: - Time output; chon Single. - Output size (kich thuide khung hinh): chon 1 trong & kich thuGe S20x240, 266x243, 512x486, 640x460, 720x486, 800x600. Kich thude khung 800x600 cd thé cho mot anh bitmap voi Kich thude that ién dén21%28 om, é5 phan gidi 72 dpi. > Options: cae tuy chon xual hign trong! khung anh ket xual, Cé thé chon cd 8 muc nay.” - Render output: danh dau chon Save file - Bam nit Files... dat tén file (File name), chon 6 dia! thu muc luv file (Save in), Chon dinh dang anh (Save as type) BMP, JPEG, TIF hoc EPS. - Viewport: chon khung nhin Perspective. - Render. Sav khi két xudt file Anh du tign, nhting anh sau cé thé kétxuat nhanh (Quick Render) bang cach balm l&nh Quick Flender (Iénh thi! 29 ten Main Toolbar) hoe gS phim at F9. 2. TAO MOT ANH NEN CHO KHUNG NHIN. = Chon khung nhin cdn iét Anh nén + Menu Views — Viewport Background (phim tat Alt—B). pre eee - Bam File = Chon file Anh muon tai lénlamanh lat nén = Open. - Banh dau chon Display Background, -OK. Anh nén nay chi dé lam viéc tren man hinh 3Dmex) Néu muén anh nén xudit hién khi ket cud phai lam theo myc 8 didi day.it 3, TAO MOT ANH NEN CHO KHUNG NHIN KET XU: - Menu Rendering — Environment. - . Banh déu chon myc Use Map — Bam thanh ngang 66 chil None bén dui. - Mue Browse Fram, chon All. = Trongdanh sach chon Bitmap = Nhap déi—Tim file anh bitmap musn tai lam nén ~ Open ~ Tat bang. Anh nay chi xuat hién khi két xuat khung hinh. C6 thé chon mét Anh via lam nén cho khung nhin, via [am nén cho khung két xuat. 4. THAY BO] MAU NEN KHUNG NHIN KET XUAT: Mau nén mac dinh khi két xudt [4 mau den. Ta cé thé thay déi mau nén thy ¥ nhu sau: Menu Rendering - Render. Néu cd sit dung anh lat nén, tit chon muo Use Map ~ Bam 6 Color. Chon mau béng cach phéihgp 3 con chay Hue (sae do), Whiteness (d6 sang) va Blackness (dO sim) — Close. Mau nay chi xudt hién khi khung nhin duge kél xuat 5. GHEP AM THANH (LONG TIENG): Ta cd thé cling mat iile am than dinh dang Wave (*.wav) dé ghép vao doan dién hoat cla 3Dmax. File Wave sir dung can phai cé do dai tung duong vi éoan dién hoat 3Dmax. Thue hién nhu sau: = Menu Track View - Open Track View (Anh) Phdn danh sach World cla bang Track View Ia mat bang ghi nhan tat ca.moi vat thé, cac pe BiSad6i\va iad ing Wa sth dings Enladuidanh’sach letrack Sound (autingahiinhan Am thanhi, + Chon track Sound. O ngang ben phai track Sound sang |én. - Baém phi vao 6 vila mdi sang [én (Ann) - Chon Choose Sound, mé ra hép thoai Open Sound — Khai bdo List files of type = Microsoft Wave Files - Tim dém file am thanh *.wav — Go thé nohe thi) bang cach bam nut play ~ OK - Banh dau chon Active - OK — Tat bang Track View. - Dién hoat va nghe ém thanh néu may ¥itinh cd Sound card, loa Am thanh cai dat dling cach 6. KET XUAT DIEN HOAT THANH MOT DOAN PHIM VIDEO: Ta 6 thé két xuat 1 doan dién hoat cla 3Dmax thanh mot doan phim “avi hogs "mov dé ding trang quang cdo, cdc anh déng trén trang Web... Trong thyc té, két xudt mét doan dien hoat la két xudt c4c khung anh lién tgp nau voi mat téc do thich hop.Trude Khi két xuat ta cén chi y méy van dé sau: - Xdc dinh dé dai va t6e d6 cla doan dién noat: dé dai cia doan didn hoat duye dinh nhu sau: - Chon lénh Key Mode Toogle - Bam chudt phai. ee 3 Key Mode Teggte Maid me oe |o - Khai bao Length = 6 dai (s6 lung khung hinh) — Frame Rate (téc dé dién hoat). Go 4 toe 66: - NTSC: 29.97 khung hinhigidy (ips) - PAL: 25 khung hinhigiay + Movie: 24 Khung hinh/giay - Custom: téc dé thy ¥ - Playback / Speed: thay dai 6c dé dian hoat. Cha ¥ néu dién haat co ghép am thanh thi Bat bude phai dién hoat ding te do (1%) - OK, © Gian - Chon mau nén hode anh nén (muc 3 va 4). = Thye hién kt xudt nhu sau: - Menu Rendering — Renter = Time Quiput: NEU chon xuettoan bé dosn dién hoat: chon muc Active Time Segment — Néu chi xuat mél phan , chen muc Range va Khai bdo gi6i han cae khung mudn xual. + Qutput Size: kich thude khung anh xudt. Chon giéng nhu muc 1. - Bém [enh Files... — Patten file (File name) — Chon 6 dia thu muc luu file (Save in) Chon dinh dang (Save as type)= AVI File (“ avi) hoie MOV QuickTime File (mov). - Render. Lan luot ting khung anh s@ duije két xudt cho d&n khi hoan tat. C6 thé xem lai file video vile xuat bang chuong trinh Windew Media Player cla Windows (vdi phim *.avi) noae céc chueng trinh xem phim khac. Vai phim *.mov, xem phim bang ehuong trinh QuickTime.